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FALSE000146608500014660852025-02-122025-02-12

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_____________________________________________
FORM 8-K
_____________________________________________
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): February 12, 2025
_____________________________________________
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_____________________________________________
Maryland
001-36041
26-4567130
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
(Commission
File Number)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
1835 Market Street, Suite 2601
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19103
(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)
(267) 270-4800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
Former name or former address, if changed since last report
_____________________________________________
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
o
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
o
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
o
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
o
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock
IRT
NYSE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Condition.






On February 12, 2025, we issued a press release announcing our financial results for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2024. Additionally, we are furnishing certain supplemental information with this Current Report. Copies of such press release and such supplemental information are furnished as Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2, respectively, to this Current Report and are incorporated by reference into this Item 2.02. The information in this Item 2.02, including Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2 hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section. The information in this Item 2.02 shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Item 7.01    Regulation FD Disclosure.
The information provided in Item 2.02 above is incorporated by reference into this Item 7.01. The information incorporated by reference into this this Item 7.01 is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section. The information incorporated by reference into this Item 7.01 shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Item 9.01    Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d)Exhibits.
99.1
99.2
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).



SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
February 12, 2025 By: /s/ James J. Sebra
Name: James J. Sebra
Title: President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

EX-99.1 2 supex991-2025212.htm EX-99.1 Document

Exhibit 99.1


Independence Realty Trust Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Financial Results
Introduces Full Year 2025 Guidance

PHILADELPHIA – (BUSINESS WIRE) – February 12, 2025 — Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (“IRT” and the “Company”) (NYSE: IRT), a multifamily apartment REIT, announces its fourth quarter and full year 2024 financial results and establishes full year 2025 guidance.

EPS of $0.17 for 2024
CFFO of $0.32 for Fourth Quarter and $1.16 for Full Year 2024
High-End of Guidance
Same Store Portfolio NOI Increased 5.3% and 3.2% during Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024
In-Line with Guidance
Solid Occupancy Gains and Rental Rate Growth
Completed 1,671 Renovations in Value Add Program
Achieving Average ROI of 15.7% During the Year
Enhanced Balance Sheet Strength and Flexibility
Net Debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA Improved to 5.9x at Year End 2024
BBB Issuer Credit Rating from S&P Achieved
Unsecured Line of Credit Renewed and Expanded in January 2025
Management Commentary
“2024 was another strong year for IRT as we achieved the high-end of our guidance, with CFFO per share of $1.16 and NOI growth of 3.2%,” said Scott Schaeffer, Chairman and CEO of IRT. “This performance is a reflection of our continued focus on balancing occupancy and rental rate growth, underpinned by accomplishing strategic milestones. Looking ahead to 2025, we believe we are well-positioned to grow CFFO as we capitalize on rebounding market fundamentals to create value for shareholders.”


1


Fourth Quarter Highlights
•Net loss available to common shares of $1.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $40.5 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2023. Loss per diluted share of $0.00 for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $0.18 for the quarter ended December 31, 2023.
•Same-store portfolio net operating income (“NOI”) grew 5.3% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2023.
•Core Funds from Operations (“CFFO”) of $75.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $68.7 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2023. CFFO per share was $0.32 for the fourth quarter of 2024, as compared to $0.30 for the fourth quarter of 2023.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $94.5 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $95.6 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2023.
•Value add program completed renovations at 395 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2024, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the quarter of 15.1%.
•Increased our unsecured credit facility from $500 million to $750 million and extended the maturity under the facility, thereby strengthening our balance sheet while enhancing long-term value through lower interest expense.
Full Year Highlights
•Net income available to common shares of $39.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to net loss available to common shares of $17.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Earnings per diluted share of $0.17 for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to loss per diluted share of $0.08 for the year ended December 31, 2023.
•Same-store portfolio NOI grew 3.2% for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023.
•CFFO of $266.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $263.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. CFFO per share was $1.16 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $1.15 for the year ended December 31, 2023.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $350.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $366.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by asset sales completed in connection with our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy, which also reduced net debt to Adjusted EBITDA from 6.7x for the fourth quarter of 2023 to 5.9x for the fourth quarter of 2024.
•Value add program completed renovations at 1,671 units during the year ended December 31, 2024, achieving a weighted average return on investment of 15.7%.
2025 Guidance Highlights
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.19 to $0.22.
•CFFO per share of $1.16 to $1.19.
•2025 same-store NOI growth of 0.8% to 3.3%.
Included later in this press release are assumptions underlying our guidance and definitions of NOI, CFFO, Adjusted EBITDA and other Non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of such measures to their most comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, as well as discussion of our same-store methodology.
2


Same-Store Portfolio(1) Operating Results
Fourth Quarter 2024 Compared to
Fourth Quarter 2023
Full Year 2024 Compared to
Full Year 2023
Rental and other property revenue 2.3% increase 3.0% increase
Property operating expenses 3.0% decrease 2.5% increase
NOI 5.3% increase 3.2% increase
Portfolio average occupancy 100 bps increase to 95.5% 110 bps increase to 95.2%
Portfolio average rental rate 0.8% increase to $1,570 1.3% increase to $1,563
NOI Margin 180 bps increase to 66.3%  20 bps increase to 63.3%
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.
Operating Metrics
The table below summarizes operating metrics for the same-store portfolio for the applicable periods.
4Q 2024 3Q 2024
Same-Store Portfolio(1)
   Average Occupancy 95.5  % 95.5  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases (4.6) % (3.5) %
        Renewal Leases 5.4  % 3.8  %
        Blended 0.0  % 0.8  %
   Resident Retention Rate 51.6  % 57.0  %
Same-Store Portfolio excluding Ongoing Value Add
   Average Occupancy 95.8  % 95.9  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases (5.0) % (3.9) %
        Renewal Leases 5.4  % 3.8  %
        Blended (0.3) % 0.7  %
   Resident Retention Rate 50.9  % 57.5  %
Value Add (26 properties with Ongoing Value Add)
   Average Occupancy 94.8  % 94.3  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases (3.5) % (2.6) %
        Renewal Leases 5.5  % 4.0  %
        Blended 0.7  % 1.1  %
   Resident Retention Rate 53.2  % 55.6  %
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.
(2)Lease-over-lease effective rent growth represents the change in effective monthly rent, as adjusted for leasing concessions, for each unit that had a prior lease and current lease that are for a term of 9-14 months. 4Q 2024 new, renewal, and blended lease over lease
rent growth for all leases was (6.0%), 5.5%, and (0.9%), respectively. 3Q 2024 new, renewal, and blended lease over lease rent growth for all leases was (3.6%), 4.5%, and 1.2%, respectively.







3


Value Add Program
We completed renovations on 395 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2024, achieving a return on investment of 15.1%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $18,368, and an average monthly rent increase per unit of $230 over unrenovated comps. We completed renovations on 1,671 units during the year ended December 31, 2024, achieving a return on investment of 15.7%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $18,294, and an average monthly rent increase per unit of $239 over unrenovated comps. See the Value Add Summary page of our supplemental information for additional information on our projects’ life to date as of December 31, 2024.

Investment Activity
Held for Sale
•As of December 31, 2024, we had one property in Birmingham, Alabama classified as held for sale. We recognized a loss on impairment of $21.0 million during the quarter ended December 31, 2024. We expect the sale to close in February 2025 for gross sales proceeds of $111.0 million. We intend to use the proceeds from the sale of this property to fund future property acquisitions.
Acquisitions
•Highland Ridge, Charlotte, North Carolina: On November 1, 2024, we acquired a 300-unit multifamily apartment property for $73.5 million. This acquisition expanded our footprint in Charlotte, North Carolina from 714 units to 1,014 units.
•Serenza at Ocoee Village, Orlando, Florida: On December 5, 2024, we acquired a 320-unit multifamily apartment property for $84.3 million. This acquisition expanded our footprint in Orlando, Florida from 297 units to 617 units.
•We are currently under contract to acquire a 280-unit multifamily apartment property in Indianapolis, Indiana, which is expected to expand our footprint in the Indianapolis market while providing enhanced scale and synergies. The aggregate purchase price of this property is $59.5 million, which we expect to fund using proceeds from our Birmingham sale. We expect to complete this acquisition during the first quarter of 2025. While this property is under contract, there can be no assurance that this acquisition will be consummated at expected pricing levels, within expected time frames, or at all.
Capital Expenditures
For the quarter ended December 31, 2024, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $4.2 million, or $125 per unit, value add and non-recurring expenditures for the total portfolio were $16.1 million and development expenditures for the total portfolio were $10.8 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $24.9 million, or $750 per unit, value add and non-recurring expenditures for the total portfolio were $90.5 million and development expenditures for the total portfolio were $52.4 million, respectively.
Capital Markets
At-the-Market-Offering and Public Offering of Common Stock
During the second half of 2024, we entered into forward sales transactions under our previously announced ATM Program for the forward sale of an aggregate of 2,498,300 shares of our common stock. On December 30, 2024, we physically settled the forward sales transactions for the forward sale of all 2,498,300 shares at a weighted average price of $20.06 per share resulting in proceeds of $50.1 million.
In connection with our previously announced September 2024 public offering of 11,500,000 shares of common stock, we entered into a forward sale agreement with Citigroup. On December 30, 2024, we physically settled 3,250,000 of those shares at a weighted average price of $19.04, per share resulting in proceeds of $61.9 million.
4


The combined proceeds of $112.0 million were used to fund a portion of the purchase prices of the property acquisitions that closed during the fourth quarter 2024. As of December 31, 2024, there were 8,250,000 shares remaining under forward sale agreements, which if physically settled at the then forward price would result in additional proceeds to us of $155.8 million. We intend to use any such future proceeds for future acquisitions.
Private Placement of $150 Million of Unsecured Notes
On October 1, 2024, we received the proceeds from the previously announced $150.0 million unsecured private placement notes, and as of January 6, 2025, we had used a portion of the proceeds to repay $114.0 million of property mortgages maturing in late 2024 and early 2025, with the balance of the proceeds expected to be used to repay a $17.1 million property mortgage maturing in May 2025 and to reduce the borrowings under our unsecured revolver.
‘BBB’ Issuer Credit Rating from S&P Global Ratings
On October 30, 2024, we received a ‘BBB’ issuer credit rating and stable outlook from S&P Global Ratings. The rating is for Independence Realty Trust, Inc. and our operating partnership Independence Realty Operating Partnership L.P.
Expanded Unsecured Credit Facility, Reflecting Increased Financial Flexibility and More Favorable Capital Structure
On January 8, 2025, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement that increased our borrowing capacity under our existing revolver from $500 million to $750 million, and extended its maturity date from January 2026 to January 2029. This transaction strengthened our balance sheet by extending our weighted average debt maturity and increasing our liquidity. It also created long-term stakeholder value through lower interest costs.
Balance Sheet and Liquidity
At December 31,2024, our net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA was 5.9x, an improvement of 0.8x as compared to December 31, 2023. As of the same date, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $21.2 million, $155.8 million remaining under forward equity sale agreements, and $305.5 million of capacity remaining on our unsecured revolver, representing total liquidity of $482.5 million. Adjusting for the January 2025 expansion of our unsecured revolver, we have liquidity of $732.5 million.
Dividend Distribution
On December 16, 2024, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.16 per share of our common stock. The fourth quarter dividend was paid on January 17, 2025 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 31, 2024.

5


2025 EPS, FFO and CFFO Guidance
We are introducing guidance ranges for 2025 diluted earnings per share (“EPS”), FFO and CFFO per share and same-store NOI. A reconciliation of IRT's projected EPS to FFO and CFFO per share is included below. See the schedules and definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding how IRT calculates CFFO and for management’s definition and rationale for the usefulness of CFFO.
2025 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance(1)(2)
Low High
Earnings per share $ 0.19  $ 0.22 
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization
1.00  1.00 
FFO per share $ 1.19  $1.19 $ 1.22 
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net (0.03) (0.03)
CFFO per share $ 1.16  $ 1.19 
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions presented in the table below, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual full year 2025 EPS, FFO, and CFFO could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements”. Our guidance is based on the key guidance assumptions detailed below.
(2)Per share guidance is based on 241.2 million weighted average shares and units outstanding.

6


2025 Guidance Assumptions
Our key guidance assumptions for 2025 are enumerated below. See the definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding our same-store definitions.
Same-Store Portfolio
2025 Outlook(1)
Number of properties/units 108 properties / 31,611 units
Property revenue growth 2.1% to 3.1%
Controllable operating expense growth 3.3% to 4.3%
Real estate tax and insurance expense growth 2.1% to 4.0%
Total operating expense growth 2.8% to 4.1%
NOI growth 0.8% to 3.3%
Corporate Expenses
   General and administrative & property management expenses $55 million to $57 million
   Interest expense(2)
$88 million to $90 million
Transaction/Investment Volume(3)
Acquisition volume $280 million to $320 million
Disposition volume $110 million to $112 million
Capital Expenditures
Recurring $25 million to $27 million
Value add renovation program $48 million to $58 million
Non-recurring and revenue enhancing $47 million to $51 million
Development $5 million to $6 million
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual results could vary significantly from the projections presented. We undertake no duty to update the assumptions used in our guidance except as required by law. See “Forward-Looking Statements.”
(2)Interest expense includes amortization of deferred financing costs but excludes loan premium accretion, net. As a result of purchase accounting we recorded loan premiums, net, that are accreted into and reduce GAAP interest expense over the remaining term of the associated debt. However, loan premium accretion is excluded from CFFO.
(3)Acquisition volume reflects one property in Indianapolis that we expect to acquire during the first quarter of 2025 for approximately $60 million and $220 million to $260 million of acquisitions we expect to complete during 2025 using proceeds remaining under forward equity sale agreements. Disposition volume reflects the sale of one property in Birmingham that we expect to close in February 2025.

7


Selected Financial Information
See the schedules at the end of this earnings release for selected financial information for IRT.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions
We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this earnings release: FFO, CFFO, NOI and Adjusted EBITDA. Included at the end of this release are definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of our reported net income to our FFO and CFFO, a reconciliation of our same-store NOI to our reported net income, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and management’s rationales for the usefulness of each of these and other non-GAAP financial measures used in this release.
Conference Call
All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 9:00 AM ET on Thursday, February 13, 2025 from the investor relations section of the IRT website at www.irtliving.com or by dialing 1.888.440.3307, access code 1963990. For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call from the investor relations section of IRT’s website until the next earnings release. A replay of the conference call can also be accessed telephonically until Thursday, February 20, 2025, by dialing 1.800.770.2030, access code 1963990.
Supplemental Information
We produce supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures, same-store information and other useful information for investors. The supplemental information is available via our website, www.irtliving.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.
About IRT
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT), an S&P MidCap 400 Company, is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that owns and operates multifamily communities across non-gateway U.S. markets. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity-rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT’s main objective is to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to stockholders through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and consistent returns on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
8


Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our earnings guidance, and the assumptions underlying such guidance, anticipated enhancements to our financial results, and our future growth, including from additional acquisitions funded by proceeds from our recent equity and debt financings and property sales. All statements in this release that address financial and operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur or be achieved in the future are forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions, including as to matters that are not within our control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, inability to sell certain assets, including those assets designated as held for sale, within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, failure to achieve expected benefits from the redeployment of proceeds from asset sales, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the value add initiatives, unexpected impairments or impairments in excess of our estimates, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market, including legislation that may regulate rents and fees or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, unknown or unexpected liabilities, including the cost of legal proceedings, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, including but not limited to a third party’s unauthorized access to our data or data of our residents, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.
9


Schedule I
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Selected Financial Information
Dollars in thousands, except per share data (unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Selected Financial Information:
Operating Statistics:
Net (loss) income available to common shares $(1,001) $12,365 $10,354 $17,577 $(40,515)
(Loss) earnings per share -- diluted $0.00 $0.05 $0.05 $0.08 $(0.18)
Rental and other property revenue $160,617 $159,860 $158,104 $160,331 $166,730
Property operating expenses $54,195 $60,538 $60,883 $59,971 $59,703
NOI $106,422 $99,322 $97,221 $100,360 $107,027
NOI margin 66.3% 62.1% 61.5% 62.6% 64.2%
Adjusted EBITDA $94,533 $87,453 $83,609 $84,683 $95,640
FFO per share $0.33 $0.30 $0.28 $0.27 $0.31
CFFO per share $0.32 $0.29 $0.28 $0.27 $0.30
Dividends per share $0.16 $0.16 $0.16 $0.16 $0.16
CFFO payout ratio 50.0% 55.2% 57.1% 59.3% 53.3%
Portfolio Data:
Total gross assets $6,882,296 $6,733,864 $6,684,029 $6,673,589 $6,960,554
Total number of operating properties (a) 113 110 110 111 116
Total units (a) 33,615 32,670 32,685 32,877 34,431
Portfolio period end occupancy (a) 95.4% 95.5% 95.5% 95.0% 94.6%
Portfolio average occupancy (a) 95.4% 95.4% 95.3% 94.4% 94.4%
Portfolio average effective monthly rent, per unit (a) $1,572 $1,571 $1,554 $1,550 $1,558
Same-store portfolio period end occupancy (b) 95.5% 95.5% 95.5% 95.0% 94.7%
Same-store portfolio average occupancy (b) 95.5% 95.5% 95.4% 94.4% 94.5%
Same-store portfolio average effective
  monthly rent, per unit (b)
$1,570 $1,570 $1,558 $1,554 $1,558
Capitalization:
Total debt (c) $2,333,683 $2,286,694 $2,252,559 $2,277,098 $2,549,409
Common share price, period end $19.84 $20.50 $18.74 $16.13 $15.30
Market equity capitalization $4,697,713 $4,736,212 $4,330,137 $3,726,224 $3,528,996
Total market capitalization $7,031,396 $7,022,906 $6,582,696 $6,003,322 $6,078,405
Total debt/total gross assets 33.9% 34.0% 33.7% 34.1% 36.6%
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (d) 5.9x 6.3x 6.5x 6.7x 6.7x
Interest coverage 4.8x 4.8x 4.8x 4.1x 4.1x
Common shares and OP Units:
Shares outstanding 230,838,249 225,093,090 225,122,235 225,070,396 224,706,731
OP units outstanding 5,941,643 5,941,643 5,941,643 5,941,643 5,946,571
Common shares and OP units outstanding 236,779,892 231,034,733 231,063,878 231,012,039 230,653,302
Weighted average common shares and OP units 230,893,621 230,762,299 230,734,872 230,570,707 230,452,570
(a)Excludes our development projects Flatiron Flats and Destination at Arista, as applicable. See the definitions at the end of this release. Destination at Arista no longer met the definition of a development project in the fourth quarter of 2024.
(b)Same-store portfolio consists of 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.
(c)Includes indebtedness associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
(d)Reflects net debt to Adjusted EBITDA, which is annualized for each period presented, including adjustments for the timing of acquisitions and dispositions impacting quarterly EBITDA. For the five quarters ended December 31, 2024, net debt to Adjusted EBITDA excluding adjustments for timing of acquisitions and dispositions was 6.0x, 6.4x, 6.6x, 6.5x, and 6.5x, respectively.
10


Schedule II
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Reconciliation of Net (Loss) Income to Funds from Operations and Core Funds From Operations
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)


For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Year Ended
 December 31,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ (41,654) $ 40,033  $ (17,807)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization 57,332 55,510 219,360  217,716 
Our share of real estate depreciation and amortization
  from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
(212) 636 1,581  2,115 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate assets, net,
  excluding prepayment gains
20,928 57,492 11,815  68,447 
FFO $ 76,948  $ 71,984  $ 272,789  $ 270,471 
FFO per share $ 0.33  $ 0.31  $ 1.18  $ 1.17 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO $ 76,948  $ 71,984  $ 272,789  $ 270,471 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization 410 391 1,493  1,252 
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 59 3,935  925 
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net (2,249) (2,659) (9,167) (10,899)
Prepayment (gains) penalties on asset dispositions (1,229) (1,953) (1,900)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt 2 124 (200) 124 
Other expense 79 743 
Restructuring costs —  —  —  3,213 
CFFO $ 75,031  $ 68,749  $ 266,898  $ 263,929 
CFFO per share $ 0.32  $ 0.30  $ 1.16  $ 1.15 
Weighted-average shares and units outstanding 230,893,621 230,452,570 230,741,085 230,364,184
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Schedule III
Independence Realty Trust Inc.
Reconciliation from Net (Loss) Income to Same-Store Net Operating Income (a)
Dollars in thousands
(unaudited)


For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ 12,620  $ 10,555  $ 17,961  $ (41,654)
   Other revenue (346) (275) (298) (203) (316)
   Property management expenses 7,379  7,379  7,666  7,499  6,660 
   General and administrative
     expenses
4,856  4,765  6,244  8,381  5,043 
   Depreciation and amortization
    expense
57,742  55,261  54,127  53,721  55,902 
   Casualty (gains) losses (80) 1,249  465  2,301  59 
   Interest expense 19,770  18,308  17,460  20,603  23,537 
   (Gain on sale) loss on impairment
    of real estate assets, net
20,928  (688) 152  (10,530) 56,263 
   (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt —  —  (203) 124 
   Other loss —  —  —  79 
   (Income) loss from investments in
     unconsolidated real estate entities
(2,729) 703  850  829  1,330 
NOI $ 106,422  $ 99,322  $ 97,221  $ 100,360  $ 107,027 
Less: Non same-store portfolio NOI 6,024  3,926  3,979  7,812  11,664 
Same-store portfolio NOI $ 100,398  $ 95,396  $ 93,242  $ 92,548  $ 95,363 

(a)Same-store portfolio consists of 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.



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Schedule IV
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Reconciliation of Net (Loss) Income to Adjusted EBITDA and Interest Coverage Ratio
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

 Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ 12,620  $ 10,555  $ 17,961  $ (41,654)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense 19,770  18,308  17,460  20,603  23,537 
Depreciation and amortization 57,742  55,261  54,127  53,721  55,902 
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 1,249  465  2,301  59 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of
  real estate assets, net
20,928  (688) 152  (10,530) 56,263 
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt —  —  (203) 124 
(Income) loss from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
(2,729) 703  850  829  1,330 
Other loss (income), net —  —  —  79 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 94,533  $ 87,453  $ 83,609  $ 84,683  $ 95,640 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense $ 19,770  $ 18,308  $ 17,460  $ 20,603  $ 23,537 
INTEREST COVERAGE: 4.8x 4.8x 4.8x 4.1x 4.1x

For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ (41,654) $ 40,033  $ (17,807)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense 19,770  23,537  76,141  89,921 
Depreciation and amortization 57,742  55,902  220,854  218,968 
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 59  3,935  925 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate assets, net 20,928  56,263  9,862  66,547 
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt 124  (200) 124 
(Income) loss from investments in unconsolidated real estate
  entities
(2,729) 1,330  (347) 4,488 
Other loss (income), net —  79  427 
Restructuring costs —  —  —  3,213 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 94,533  $ 95,640  $ 350,279  $ 366,806 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense $ 19,770  $ 23,537  $ 76,141  $ 89,921 
INTEREST COVERAGE: 4.8x 4.1x 4.6x 4.1x
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Schedule V
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Definitions
Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Average effective rent per unit represents the average of net rent amounts, after leasing concessions amortized over the life of the lease, divided by the average occupancy (in units) for the period presented. We believe average effective rent is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing. This metric, when presented, reflects the average effective rent per month.
Average Occupancy
Average occupancy represents the average occupied units for the reporting period divided by the average of total units available for rent for the reporting period.
Development Property
A development property is a property that is either currently under development or is in lease-up prior to reaching overall occupancy of 90%.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense including amortization of deferred financing costs, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA before certain other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate, debt extinguishments and acquisition related debt extinguishment expenses, casualty (gains) losses, income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities, and restructuring costs. We consider each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure of performance because it eliminates interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and other non-cash or non-operating gains and losses, which permits investors to view income from operations without these non-cash or non-operating items. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the methodology used for calculating Adjusted EBITDA by certain other REITs and, accordingly, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other REITs.
Funds From Operations (“FFO”) and Core Funds From Operations (“CFFO”)
We believe that FFO and CFFO, each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT and us in particular. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with NAREIT’s definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO computations of such other REITs.
CFFO is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate company’s operating performance by removing the effect of items that do not reflect ongoing property operations, including depreciation and amortization of other items not included in FFO, and other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as casualty (gains) losses, loan premium accretion and discount amortization, debt extinguishment costs, and restructuring costs from the determination of FFO.
Our calculation of CFFO may differ from the methodology used for calculating CFFO by other REITs and, accordingly, our CFFO may not be comparable to CFFO reported by other REITs. Our management utilizes FFO and CFFO as measures of our operating performance, and believe they are also useful to investors, because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash or non-recurring items that are required by GAAP to be expensed but may not necessarily be indicative of current operating performance and our operating performance between periods.
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Furthermore, although FFO, CFFO and other supplemental performance measures are defined in various ways throughout the REIT industry, we believe that FFO and CFFO may provide us and our investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to certain other REITs. Neither FFO nor CFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and CFFO do not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Accordingly, FFO and CFFO do not measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements. Neither FFO nor CFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.
Interest Coverage
Interest coverage is a ratio computed by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by interest expense.
Net Debt
Net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total consolidated debt less cash and cash equivalents and loan premiums and discounts. The following table provides a reconciliation of total consolidated debt to net debt (dollars in thousands).
As of
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Total debt $ 2,333,683  $ 2,286,694  $ 2,252,559  $ 2,277,098  $ 2,549,409 
Less: cash and cash equivalents (21,228) (17,611) (21,034) (21,275) (22,852)
Less: loan discounts and premiums, net (31,721) (33,970) (37,253) (39,804) (44,483)
Total net debt $ 2,280,734  $ 2,235,113  $ 2,194,272  $ 2,216,019  $ 2,482,074 
We present net debt and net debt to Adjusted EBITDA because management believes it is a useful measure of our credit position and progress toward reducing leverage. The calculation is limited because we may not always be able to use cash to repay debt on a dollar for dollar basis.
Net Operating Income
We believe that Net Operating Income (“NOI”), a non-GAAP financial measure, is a useful measure of our operating performance. We define NOI as total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding interest expense, depreciation and amortization, casualty related costs and gains, property management expenses, general and administrative expenses, net gains on sale of assets, and restructuring costs.
Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI and, accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our performance on a same-store and non same-store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.
Non Same-Store Properties and Non Same-Store Portfolio
Properties that did not meet the definition of a same-store property as of the beginning of the previous year.
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Same-Store Properties and Same-Store Portfolio
We review our same-store portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year. Properties are added into the same-store portfolio if they were owned and not a development property at the beginning of the previous year. Properties that are held for sale or have been sold are excluded from the same-store portfolio.

Rent Premium on Value Add Renovations

The rent premium reflects the per unit per month difference between the rental rate on the renovated unit excluding the impact of upfront leasing concessions, if any, and the market rent for an unrenovated unit as of the date presented, as determined by management consistent with its customary rent-setting and evaluation procedures. We believe excluding the impact of upfront leasing concessions from our rental rates when comparing to the market rental rates for unrenovated units makes the comparison most relevant and the resulting premium provides management with an indicator of the increased rent generated by the unit renovation.

Renovation Costs per Unit

Renovation costs per unit includes all costs to renovate the interior units and make certain exterior renovations, including clubhouses and amenities. Interior costs per unit are based on units leased. Exterior costs per unit are based on total units at the community. Excludes overhead costs to support and manage the value add program as those costs relate to the entire program and cannot be allocated to individual projects.

Return on Investment (“ROI”) on Value Add Renovations
ROI is calculated using the Rent Premium per unit per month, multiplied by 12, divided by the interior renovation costs per unit or the total renovation costs, as applicable. We use ROI on value add renovation projects to measure the profitability of a renovation project relative to other projects or relative to other uses of our capital.
Total Gross Assets
Total Gross Assets equals total assets plus accumulated depreciation and accumulated amortization, including fully depreciated or amortized real estate and real estate related assets. The following table provides a reconciliation of total assets to total gross assets (dollars in thousands).
As of
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Total assets $ 6,057,919  $ 5,948,204  $ 5,940,261  $ 5,972,848  $ 6,280,175 
Plus: accumulated depreciation (a)
753,539  715,702  674,236  630,743  606,404 
Plus: accumulated amortization 70,838  69,958  69,532  69,998  73,975 
Total gross assets $ 6,882,296  $ 6,733,864  $ 6,684,029  $ 6,673,589  $ 6,960,554 
(a)Includes accumulated depreciation associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
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EX-99.2 3 supex992-2025212.htm EX-99.2 Document

Exhibit 99.2






a4_irtq42024earningsreleasa.jpg












NYSE: IRT
WWW.IRTLIVING.COM


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Trailing Five Quarters
Year Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
Year Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
Year Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
Three Months Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 
Year Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
Debt Maturity, Debt Covenant & Unencumbered Asset Statistics
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Independence Realty Trust
December 31, 2024
Company Information: 
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT), an S&P MidCap 400 Company, is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that owns and operates multifamily communities across non-gateway U.S. markets. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity-rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT’s main objective is to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to stockholders through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and consistent returns on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
Corporate Headquarters 1835 Market Street, Suite 2601
Philadelphia, PA 19103
267.270.4800
Trading Symbol NYSE: “IRT”
Investor Relations Contact Edelman Smithfield
Lauren Torres
917-365-7979
IRT@edelman.com 
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Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our earnings guidance, and the assumptions underlying such guidance, anticipated enhancements to our financial results, and our future growth, including from additional acquisitions funded by proceeds from our recent equity and debt financings and property sales. All statements in this release that address financial and operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur or be achieved in the future are forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions, including as to matters that are not within our control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, inability to sell certain assets, including those assets designated as held for sale, within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, failure to achieve expected benefits from the redeployment of proceeds from asset sales, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the value add initiatives, unexpected impairments or impairments in excess of our estimates, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market, including legislation that may regulate rents and fees or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, unknown or unexpected liabilities, including the cost of legal proceedings, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, including but not limited to a third party’s unauthorized access to our data or data of our residents, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.

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Independence Realty Trust Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Financial Results
Introduces Full Year 2025 Guidance

PHILADELPHIA – (BUSINESS WIRE) – February 12, 2025 — Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (“IRT” and the “Company”) (NYSE: IRT), a multifamily apartment REIT, announces its fourth quarter and full year 2024 financial results and establishes full year 2025 guidance.

EPS of $0.17 for 2024
CFFO of $0.32 for Fourth Quarter and $1.16 for Full Year 2024
High-End of Guidance
Same Store Portfolio NOI Increased 5.3% and 3.2% during Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024
In-Line with Guidance
Solid Occupancy Gains and Rental Rate Growth
Completed 1,671 Renovations in Value Add Program
Achieving Average ROI of 15.7% During the Year
Enhanced Balance Sheet Strength and Flexibility
Net Debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA Improved to 5.9x at Year End 2024
BBB Issuer Credit Rating from S&P Achieved
Unsecured Line of Credit Renewed and Expanded in January 2025
Management Commentary
“2024 was another strong year for IRT as we achieved the high-end of our guidance, with CFFO per share of $1.16 and NOI growth of 3.2%,” said Scott Schaeffer, Chairman and CEO of IRT. “This performance is a reflection of our continued focus on balancing occupancy and rental rate growth, underpinned by accomplishing strategic milestones. Looking ahead to 2025, we believe we are well-positioned to grow CFFO as we capitalize on rebounding market fundamentals to create value for shareholders.”


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Fourth Quarter Highlights
•Net loss available to common shares of $1.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $40.5 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2023. Loss per diluted share of $0.00 for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $0.18 for the quarter ended December 31, 2023.
•Same-store portfolio net operating income (“NOI”) grew 5.3% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2023.
•Core Funds from Operations (“CFFO”) of $75.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $68.7 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2023. CFFO per share was $0.32 for the fourth quarter of 2024, as compared to $0.30 for the fourth quarter of 2023.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $94.5 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 compared to $95.6 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2023.
•Value add program completed renovations at 395 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2024, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the quarter of 15.1%.
•Increased our unsecured credit facility from $500 million to $750 million and extended the maturity under the facility, thereby strengthening our balance sheet while enhancing long-term value through lower interest expense.
Full Year Highlights
•Net income available to common shares of $39.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to net loss available to common shares of $17.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Earnings per diluted share of $0.17 for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to loss per diluted share of $0.08 for the year ended December 31, 2023.
•Same-store portfolio NOI grew 3.2% for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023.
•CFFO of $266.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $263.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. CFFO per share was $1.16 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $1.15 for the year ended December 31, 2023.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $350.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $366.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by asset sales completed in connection with our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy, which also reduced net debt to Adjusted EBITDA from 6.7x for the fourth quarter of 2023 to 5.9x for the fourth quarter of 2024.
•Value add program completed renovations at 1,671 units during the year ended December 31, 2024, achieving a weighted average return on investment of 15.7%.
2025 Guidance Highlights
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.19 to $0.22.
•CFFO per share of $1.16 to $1.19.
•2025 same-store NOI growth of 0.8% to 3.3%.
Included later in this press release are assumptions underlying our guidance and definitions of NOI, CFFO, Adjusted EBITDA and other Non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of such measures to their most comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, as well as discussion of our same-store methodology.
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Same-Store Portfolio(1) Operating Results
Fourth Quarter 2024 Compared to
Fourth Quarter 2023
Full Year 2024 Compared to
Full Year 2023
Rental and other property revenue 2.3% increase 3.0% increase
Property operating expenses 3.0% decrease 2.5% increase
NOI 5.3% increase 3.2% increase
Portfolio average occupancy 100 bps increase to 95.5% 110 bps increase to 95.2%
Portfolio average rental rate 0.8% increase to $1,570 1.3% increase to $1,563
NOI Margin 180 bps increase to 66.3%  20 bps increase to 63.3%
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.
Operating Metrics
The table below summarizes operating metrics for the same-store portfolio for the applicable periods.
4Q 2024 3Q 2024
Same-Store Portfolio(1)
   Average Occupancy 95.5  % 95.5  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases (4.6) % (3.5) %
        Renewal Leases 5.4  % 3.8  %
        Blended 0.0  % 0.8  %
   Resident Retention Rate 51.6  % 57.0  %
Same-Store Portfolio excluding Ongoing Value Add
   Average Occupancy 95.8  % 95.9  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases (5.0) % (3.9) %
        Renewal Leases 5.4  % 3.8  %
        Blended (0.3) % 0.7  %
   Resident Retention Rate 50.9  % 57.5  %
Value Add (26 properties with Ongoing Value Add)
   Average Occupancy 94.8  % 94.3  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases (3.5) % (2.6) %
        Renewal Leases 5.5  % 4.0  %
        Blended 0.7  % 1.1  %
   Resident Retention Rate 53.2  % 55.6  %
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.
(2)Lease-over-lease effective rent growth represents the change in effective monthly rent, as adjusted for leasing concessions, for each unit that had a prior lease and current lease that are for a term of 9-14 months. 4Q 2024 new, renewal, and blended lease over lease
rent growth for all leases was (6.0%), 5.5%, and (0.9%), respectively. 3Q 2024 new, renewal, and blended lease over lease rent growth for all leases was (3.6%), 4.5%, and 1.2%, respectively.







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Value Add Program
We completed renovations on 395 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2024, achieving a return on investment of 15.1%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $18,368, and an average monthly rent increase per unit of $230 over unrenovated comps. We completed renovations on 1,671 units during the year ended December 31, 2024, achieving a return on investment of 15.7%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $18,294, and an average monthly rent increase per unit of $239 over unrenovated comps. See the Value Add Summary page of our supplemental information for additional information on our projects’ life to date as of December 31, 2024.

Investment Activity
Held for Sale
•As of December 31, 2024, we had one property in Birmingham, Alabama classified as held for sale. We recognized a loss on impairment of $21.0 million during the quarter ended December 31, 2024. We expect the sale to close in February 2025 for gross sales proceeds of $111.0 million. We intend to use the proceeds from the sale of this property to fund future property acquisitions.
Acquisitions
•Highland Ridge, Charlotte, North Carolina: On November 1, 2024, we acquired a 300-unit multifamily apartment property for $73.5 million. This acquisition expanded our footprint in Charlotte, North Carolina from 714 units to 1,014 units.
•Serenza at Ocoee Village, Orlando, Florida: On December 5, 2024, we acquired a 320-unit multifamily apartment property for $84.3 million. This acquisition expanded our footprint in Orlando, Florida from 297 units to 617 units.
•We are currently under contract to acquire a 280-unit multifamily apartment property in Indianapolis, Indiana, which is expected to expand our footprint in the Indianapolis market while providing enhanced scale and synergies. The aggregate purchase price of this property is $59.5 million, which we expect to fund using proceeds from our Birmingham sale. We expect to complete this acquisition during the first quarter of 2025. While this property is under contract, there can be no assurance that this acquisition will be consummated at expected pricing levels, within expected time frames, or at all.
Capital Expenditures
For the quarter ended December 31, 2024, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $4.2 million, or $125 per unit, value add and non-recurring expenditures for the total portfolio were $16.1 million and development expenditures for the total portfolio were $10.8 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $24.9 million, or $750 per unit, value add and non-recurring expenditures for the total portfolio were $90.5 million and development expenditures for the total portfolio were $52.4 million, respectively.
Capital Markets
At-the-Market-Offering and Public Offering of Common Stock
During the second half of 2024, we entered into forward sales transactions under our previously announced ATM Program for the forward sale of an aggregate of 2,498,300 shares of our common stock. On December 30, 2024, we physically settled the forward sales transactions for the forward sale of all 2,498,300 shares at a weighted average price of $20.06 per share resulting in proceeds of $50.1 million.
In connection with our previously announced September 2024 public offering of 11,500,000 shares of common stock, we entered into a forward sale agreement with Citigroup. On December 30, 2024, we physically settled 3,250,000 of those shares at a weighted average price of $19.04, per share resulting in proceeds of $61.9 million.
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The combined proceeds of $112.0 million were used to fund a portion of the purchase prices of the property acquisitions that closed during the fourth quarter 2024. As of December 31, 2024, there were 8,250,000 shares remaining under forward sale agreements, which if physically settled at the then forward price would result in additional proceeds to us of $155.8 million. We intend to use any such future proceeds for future acquisitions.
Private Placement of $150 Million of Unsecured Notes
On October 1, 2024, we received the proceeds from the previously announced $150.0 million unsecured private placement notes, and as of January 6, 2025, we had used a portion of the proceeds to repay $114.0 million of property mortgages maturing in late 2024 and early 2025, with the balance of the proceeds expected to be used to repay a $17.1 million property mortgage maturing in May 2025 and to reduce the borrowings under our unsecured revolver.
‘BBB’ Issuer Credit Rating from S&P Global Ratings
On October 30, 2024, we received a ‘BBB’ issuer credit rating and stable outlook from S&P Global Ratings. The rating is for Independence Realty Trust, Inc. and our operating partnership Independence Realty Operating Partnership L.P.
Expanded Unsecured Credit Facility, Reflecting Increased Financial Flexibility and More Favorable Capital Structure
On January 8, 2025, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement that increased our borrowing capacity under our existing revolver from $500 million to $750 million, and extended its maturity date from January 2026 to January 2029. This transaction strengthened our balance sheet by extending our weighted average debt maturity and increasing our liquidity. It also created long-term stakeholder value through lower interest costs.
Balance Sheet and Liquidity
At December 31,2024, our net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA was 5.9x, an improvement of 0.8x as compared to December 31, 2023. As of the same date, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $21.2 million, $155.8 million remaining under forward equity sale agreements, and $305.5 million of capacity remaining on our unsecured revolver, representing total liquidity of $482.5 million. Adjusting for the January 2025 expansion of our unsecured revolver, we have liquidity of $732.5 million.
Dividend Distribution
On December 16, 2024, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.16 per share of our common stock. The fourth quarter dividend was paid on January 17, 2025 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 31, 2024.

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2025 EPS, FFO and CFFO Guidance
We are introducing guidance ranges for 2025 diluted earnings per share (“EPS”), FFO and CFFO per share and same-store NOI. A reconciliation of IRT's projected EPS to FFO and CFFO per share is included below. See the schedules and definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding how IRT calculates CFFO and for management’s definition and rationale for the usefulness of CFFO.
2025 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance(1)(2)
Low High
Earnings per share $ 0.19  $ 0.22 
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization
1.00  1.00 
FFO per share $ 1.19  $1.19 $ 1.22 
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net (0.03) (0.03)
CFFO per share $ 1.16  $ 1.19 
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions presented in the table below, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual full year 2025 EPS, FFO, and CFFO could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements”. Our guidance is based on the key guidance assumptions detailed below.
(2)Per share guidance is based on 241.2 million weighted average shares and units outstanding.

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2025 Guidance Assumptions
Our key guidance assumptions for 2025 are enumerated below. See the definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding our same-store definitions.
Same-Store Portfolio
2025 Outlook(1)
Number of properties/units 108 properties / 31,611 units
Property revenue growth 2.1% to 3.1%
Controllable operating expense growth 3.3% to 4.3%
Real estate tax and insurance expense growth 2.1% to 4.0%
Total operating expense growth 2.8% to 4.1%
NOI growth 0.8% to 3.3%
Corporate Expenses
   General and administrative & property management expenses $55 million to $57 million
   Interest expense(2)
$88 million to $90 million
Transaction/Investment Volume(3)
Acquisition volume $280 million to $320 million
Disposition volume $110 million to $112 million
Capital Expenditures
Recurring $25 million to $27 million
Value add renovation program $48 million to $58 million
Non-recurring and revenue enhancing $47 million to $51 million
Development $5 million to $6 million
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual results could vary significantly from the projections presented. We undertake no duty to update the assumptions used in our guidance except as required by law. See “Forward-Looking Statements.”
(2)Interest expense includes amortization of deferred financing costs but excludes loan premium accretion, net. As a result of purchase accounting we recorded loan premiums, net, that are accreted into and reduce GAAP interest expense over the remaining term of the associated debt. However, loan premium accretion is excluded from CFFO.
(3)Acquisition volume reflects one property in Indianapolis that we expect to acquire during the first quarter of 2025 for approximately $60 million and $220 million to $260 million of acquisitions we expect to complete during 2025 using proceeds remaining under forward equity sale agreements. Disposition volume reflects the sale of one property in Birmingham that we expect to close in February 2025.

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Selected Financial Information
See the schedules at the end of this earnings release for selected financial information for IRT.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions
We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this earnings release: FFO, CFFO, NOI and Adjusted EBITDA. Included at the end of this release are definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of our reported net income to our FFO and CFFO, a reconciliation of our same-store NOI to our reported net income, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and management’s rationales for the usefulness of each of these and other non-GAAP financial measures used in this release.
Conference Call
All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 9:00 AM ET on Thursday, February 13, 2025 from the investor relations section of the IRT website at www.irtliving.com or by dialing 1.888.440.3307, access code 1963990. For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call from the investor relations section of IRT’s website until the next earnings release. A replay of the conference call can also be accessed telephonically until Thursday, February 20, 2025, by dialing 1.800.770.2030, access code 1963990.
Supplemental Information
We produce supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures, same-store information and other useful information for investors. The supplemental information is available via our website, www.irtliving.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.
About IRT
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT), an S&P MidCap 400 Company, is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that owns and operates multifamily communities across non-gateway U.S. markets. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity-rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT’s main objective is to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to stockholders through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and consistent returns on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
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Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our earnings guidance, and the assumptions underlying such guidance, anticipated enhancements to our financial results, and our future growth, including from additional acquisitions funded by proceeds from our recent equity and debt financings and property sales. All statements in this release that address financial and operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur or be achieved in the future are forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions, including as to matters that are not within our control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, inability to sell certain assets, including those assets designated as held for sale, within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, failure to achieve expected benefits from the redeployment of proceeds from asset sales, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the value add initiatives, unexpected impairments or impairments in excess of our estimates, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market, including legislation that may regulate rents and fees or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, unknown or unexpected liabilities, including the cost of legal proceedings, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, including but not limited to a third party’s unauthorized access to our data or data of our residents, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.
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FINANCIAL & OPERATING HIGHLIGHTS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Selected Financial Information:
Operating Statistics:
Net (loss) income available to common shares $(1,001) $12,365 $10,354 $17,577 $(40,515)
(Loss) earnings per share -- diluted $0.00 $0.05 $0.05 $0.08 $(0.18)
Rental and other property revenue $160,617 $159,860 $158,104 $160,331 $166,730
Property operating expenses $54,195 $60,538 $60,883 $59,971 $59,703
NOI $106,422 $99,322 $97,221 $100,360 $107,027
NOI margin 66.3% 62.1% 61.5% 62.6% 64.2%
Adjusted EBITDA $94,533 $87,453 $83,609 $84,683 $95,640
FFO per share $0.33 $0.30 $0.28 $0.27 $0.31
CFFO per share $0.32 $0.29 $0.28 $0.27 $0.30
Dividends per share $0.16 $0.16 $0.16 $0.16 $0.16
CFFO payout ratio 50.0% 55.2% 57.1% 59.3% 53.3%
Portfolio Data:
Total gross assets $6,882,296 $6,733,864 $6,684,029 $6,673,589 $6,960,554
Total number of operating properties (a) 113 110 110 111 116
Total units (a) 33,615 32,670 32,685 32,877 34,431
Portfolio period end occupancy (a) 95.4% 95.5% 95.5% 95.0% 94.6%
Portfolio average occupancy (a) 95.4% 95.4% 95.3% 94.4% 94.4%
Portfolio average effective monthly rent, per unit (a) $1,572 $1,571 $1,554 $1,550 $1,558
Same-store portfolio period end occupancy (b) 95.5% 95.5% 95.5% 95.0% 94.7%
Same-store portfolio average occupancy (b) 95.5% 95.5% 95.4% 94.4% 94.5%
Same-store portfolio average effective
  monthly rent, per unit (b)
$1,570 $1,570 $1,558 $1,554 $1,558
Capitalization:
Total debt (c) $2,333,683 $2,286,694 $2,252,559 $2,277,098 $2,549,409
Common share price, period end $19.84 $20.50 $18.74 $16.13 $15.30
Market equity capitalization $4,697,713 $4,736,212 $4,330,137 $3,726,224 $3,528,996
Total market capitalization $7,031,396 $7,022,906 $6,582,696 $6,003,322 $6,078,405
Total debt/total gross assets 33.9% 34.0% 33.7% 34.1% 36.6%
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (d) 5.9x 6.3x 6.5x 6.7x 6.7x
Interest coverage 4.8x 4.8x 4.8x 4.1x 4.1x
Common shares and OP Units:
Shares outstanding 230,838,249 225,093,090 225,122,235 225,070,396 224,706,731
OP units outstanding 5,941,643 5,941,643 5,941,643 5,941,643 5,946,571
Common shares and OP units outstanding 236,779,892 231,034,733 231,063,878 231,012,039 230,653,302
Weighted average common shares and OP units 230,893,621 230,762,299 230,734,872 230,570,707 230,452,570
(a)Excludes our development projects Flatiron Flats and Destination at Arista, as applicable. See the definitions at the end of this release. Destination at Arista no longer met the definition of a development project in the fourth quarter of 2024.
(b)Same-store portfolio consists of 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.
(c)Includes indebtedness associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
(d)Reflects net debt to Adjusted EBITDA, which is annualized for each period presented, including adjustments for the timing of acquisitions and dispositions impacting quarterly EBITDA. For the five quarters ended December 31, 2024, net debt to Adjusted EBITDA excluding adjustments for timing of acquisitions and dispositions was 6.0x, 6.4x, 6.6x, 6.5x, and 6.5x, respectively.
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BALANCE SHEETS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
As of
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Assets:
Real estate held for investment, at cost $ 6,363,936  $ 6,341,504  $ 6,218,019  $ 6,183,009  $ 6,259,212 
Less: accumulated depreciation (740,957) (715,702) (667,681) (622,713) (582,760)
Real estate held for investment, net 5,622,979  5,625,802  5,550,338  5,560,296  5,676,452 
Real estate held for sale 110,112  —  69,829  98,603  296,334 
Real estate under development 116,861  115,221  115,196  109,338  98,365 
Cash and cash equivalents 21,228  17,611  21,034  21,275  22,852 
Restricted cash 22,224  30,632  26,364  20,625  27,880 
Investment in unconsolidated real estate entities 91,975  95,393  90,347  89,487  89,044 
Other assets 39,596  43,566  28,731  34,379  39,245 
Derivative assets 29,300  18,821  38,422  38,845  29,937 
Intangible assets, net 3,644  1,158  —  —  66 
Total assets $ 6,057,919  $ 5,948,204  $ 5,940,261  $ 5,972,848  $ 6,280,175 
Liabilities and Equity:
Indebtedness, net $ 2,274,651  $ 2,286,694  $ 2,202,961  $ 2,212,273  $ 2,426,788 
Indebtedness associated with real estate held
  for sale, net
59,032  —  49,598  64,825  122,621 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 94,670  119,286  102,040  83,678  109,074 
Accrued interest payable 8,630  6,858  6,795  7,145  7,917 
Dividends payable 37,827  36,906  36,906  36,896  36,858 
Derivative liabilities —  1,779  —  —  — 
Other liabilities 8,035  7,966  8,421  8,928  9,723 
Total liabilities 2,482,845  2,459,489  2,406,721  2,413,745  2,712,981 
Equity:
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred shares, $0.01 par value per share —  —  —  —  — 
Common shares, $0.01 par value per share 2,308  2,250  2,251  2,251  2,247 
Additional paid in capital 3,868,006  3,755,311  3,754,756  3,753,833  3,751,942 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 26,065  13,835  34,380  34,501  25,513 
Accumulated deficit (454,104) (416,223) (392,627) (367,015) (348,405)
Total shareholders' equity 3,442,275  3,355,173  3,398,760  3,423,570  3,431,297 
Noncontrolling Interests 132,799  133,542  134,780  135,533  135,897 
Total equity 3,575,074  3,488,715  3,533,540  3,559,103  3,567,194 
Total liabilities and equity $ 6,057,919  $ 5,948,204  $ 5,940,261  $ 5,972,848  $ 6,280,175 

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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS, FFO & CFFO
TRAILING FIVE QUARTERS (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue $ 160,617  $ 159,860  $ 158,104  $ 160,331  $ 166,730 
Other revenue 346 275 298 203 316
Total revenue 160,963 160,135 158,402 160,534 167,046
Expenses:
Property operating expenses 54,195 60,538 60,883 59,971 59,703
Property management expenses 7,379 7,379 7,666 7,499 6,660
General and administrative expenses (a) 4,856 4,765 6,244 8,381 5,043
Depreciation and amortization expense 57,742 55,261 54,127 53,721 55,902
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 1,249 465 2,301 59
Total expenses 124,092 129,192 129,385 131,873 127,367
Interest expense (19,770) (18,308) (17,460) (20,603) (23,537)
(Loss on impairment) gain on sale of real estate
  assets, net
 
(20,928) 688 (152) 10,530 (56,263)
(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt (2) 203 (124)
Other loss (1) (79)
Income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated
  real estate entities
2,729 (703) (850) (829) (1,330)
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ 12,620  $ 10,555  $ 17,961  $ (41,654)
Loss (income) allocated to noncontrolling interests 99 (255) (201) (384) 1,139
Net (loss) income available to common shares $ (1,001) $ 12,365  $ 10,354  $ 17,577  $ (40,515)
(Loss) earnings per share - basic $ —  $ 0.05  $ 0.05  $ 0.08  $ (0.18)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic 224,951,978 224,820,656 224,793,229 224,627,115 224,505,999
(Loss) earnings per share - diluted $ —  $ 0.05  $ 0.05  $ 0.08  $ (0.18)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted 224,951,978 226,058,400 225,418,825 225,226,270 224,505,999
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ 12,620  $ 10,555  $ 17,961  $ (41,654)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization 57,332 54,880 53,757 53,390 55,510
Our share of real estate depreciation and
  amortization from investments in unconsolidated
   real estate entities
(212) 598 598 598 636
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate
  assets, net, excluding prepayment gains
20,928 160 336 (9,609) 57,492
FFO $ 76,948  $ 68,258  $ 65,246  $ 62,340  $ 71,984 
FFO per share $ 0.33  $ 0.30  $ 0.28  $ 0.27  $ 0.31 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO $ 76,948  $ 68,258  $ 65,246  $ 62,340  $ 71,984 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization 410 382 370 331 391
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 1,249 465 2,301 59
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization,
 net
(2,249) (2,239) (2,283) (2,395) (2,659)
Prepayment (gains) penalties on asset dispositions (848) (184) (921) (1,229)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt 2 (203) 124
Other expense 1 79
CFFO $ 75,031  $ 66,802  $ 63,614  $ 61,454  $ 68,749 
CFFO per share $ 0.32  $ 0.29  $ 0.28  $ 0.27  $ 0.30 
Weighted-average shares and units
  outstanding
230,893,621 230,762,299 230,734,872 230,570,707 230,452,570
(a)Included in the three months ended March 31, 2024 is $2.5 million of stock compensation expense recorded with respect to stock awards granted to retirement eligible employees.
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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS, FFO & CFFO
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Year Ended
 December 31,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue $ 160,617  $ 166,730  $ 638,913  $ 659,841 
Other revenue 346 316 1,122  1,142 
Total revenue 160,963 167,046 640,035  660,983 
Expenses:
Property operating expenses 54,195 59,703 235,588  244,330 
Property management expenses 7,379 6,660 29,923  27,081 
General and administrative expenses 4,856 5,043 24,245  22,766 
Depreciation and amortization expense 57,742 55,902 220,854  218,968 
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 59 3,935  925 
Total expenses 124,092 127,367 514,545  514,070 
Interest expense (19,770) (23,537) (76,141) (89,921)
(Loss on impairment) gain on sale of real estate assets, net (20,928) (56,263) (9,862) (66,547)
(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt (2) (124) 200  (124)
Other loss (79) (1) (427)
Income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real
 estate entities
2,729 (1,330) 347  (4,488)
Restructuring costs —  —  —  (3,213)
Net (loss) income (1,100) (41,654) 40,033  (17,807)
Loss (income) allocated to noncontrolling interests 99 1,139 (742) 580 
Net (loss) income available to common shares $ (1,001) $ (40,515) $ 39,291  $ (17,227)
(Loss) earnings per share - basic $ —  $ (0.18) $ 0.17  $ (0.08)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic 224,951,978 224,505,999 224,798,958 224,414,443
(Loss) earnings per share - diluted $ —  $ (0.18) $ 0.17  $ (0.08)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted 224,951,978 224,505,999 225,584,327 224,414,443
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ (41,654) $ 40,033  $ (17,807)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization 57,332 55,510 219,360  217,716 
Our share of real estate depreciation and amortization
  from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
(212) 636 1,581  2,115 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate assets, net,
  excluding prepayment gains
20,928 57,492 11,815  68,447 
FFO $ 76,948  $ 71,984  $ 272,789  $ 270,471 
FFO per share $ 0.33  $ 0.31  $ 1.18  $ 1.17 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO $ 76,948  $ 71,984  $ 272,789  $ 270,471 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization 410 391 1,493  1,252 
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 59 3,935  925 
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net (2,249) (2,659) (9,167) (10,899)
Prepayment (gains) penalties on asset dispositions (1,229) (1,953) (1,900)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt 2 124 (200) 124 
Other expense 79 743 
Restructuring costs —  —  —  3,213 
CFFO $ 75,031  $ 68,749  $ 266,898  $ 263,929 
CFFO per share $ 0.32  $ 0.30  $ 1.16  $ 1.15 
Weighted-average shares and units outstanding 230,893,621 230,452,570 230,741,085 230,364,184
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ADJUSTED EBITDA RECONCILIATION AND COVERAGE RATIO
Dollars in thousands

 Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ 12,620  $ 10,555  $ 17,961  $ (41,654)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense 19,770  18,308  17,460  20,603  23,537 
Depreciation and amortization 57,742  55,261  54,127  53,721  55,902 
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 1,249  465  2,301  59 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of
  real estate assets, net
20,928  (688) 152  (10,530) 56,263 
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt —  —  (203) 124 
(Income) loss from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
(2,729) 703  850  829  1,330 
Other loss (income), net —  —  —  79 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 94,533  $ 87,453  $ 83,609  $ 84,683  $ 95,640 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense $ 19,770  $ 18,308  $ 17,460  $ 20,603  $ 23,537 
INTEREST COVERAGE: 4.8x 4.8x 4.8x 4.1x 4.1x

For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ (41,654) $ 40,033  $ (17,807)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense 19,770  23,537  76,141  89,921 
Depreciation and amortization 57,742  55,902  220,854  218,968 
Casualty (gains) losses (80) 59  3,935  925 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate assets, net 20,928  56,263  9,862  66,547 
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt 124  (200) 124 
(Income) loss from investments in unconsolidated real estate
  entities
(2,729) 1,330  (347) 4,488 
Other loss (income), net —  79  427 
Restructuring costs —  —  —  3,213 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 94,533  $ 95,640  $ 350,279  $ 366,806 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense $ 19,770  $ 23,537  $ 76,141  $ 89,921 
INTEREST COVERAGE: 4.8x 4.1x 4.6x 4.1x
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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME & NOI BRIDGE (a) (b)
TRAILING FIVE QUARTERS
Dollars in thousands, except per unit data


For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue $ 151,326  $ 152,742  $ 150,983  $ 147,533  $ 147,880 
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes 16,547  16,471  18,268  18,577  18,086 
Property insurance 3,841  3,841  3,941  4,075  4,178 
Personnel expenses 11,884  13,118  12,564  11,938  11,491 
Utilities 7,704  7,953  7,142  7,411  7,135 
Repairs and maintenance 2,408  6,307  6,346  4,730  3,301 
Contract services 5,270  5,770  5,786  5,020  5,175 
Advertising expenses 1,677  2,283  2,042  1,576  1,597 
Other expenses 1,597  1,603  1,652  1,658  1,554 
Total property operating expenses 50,928  57,346  57,741  54,985  52,517 
Same-store portfolio NOI $ 100,398  $ 95,396  $ 93,242  $ 92,548  $ 95,363 
Same-store portfolio NOI margin 66.3  % 62.5  % 61.8  % 62.7  % 64.5  %
Average occupancy 95.5  % 95.5  % 95.4  % 94.4  % 94.5  %
Average effective monthly rent, per unit $ 1,570  $ 1,570  $ 1,558  $ 1,554  $ 1,558 


For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Rental and other property revenue
Same-store portfolio $ 151,326  $ 152,742  $ 150,983  $ 147,533  $ 147,880 
Non same-store portfolio 9,291  7,118  7,121  12,798  18,850 
Total rental and other property revenue 160,617  159,860  158,104  160,331  166,730 
Property operating expenses
Same-store portfolio 50,928  57,346  57,741  54,985  52,517 
Non same-store portfolio 3,267  3,192  3,142  4,986  7,186 
Total property operating expenses 54,195  60,538  60,883  59,971  59,703 
NOI
Same-store portfolio 100,398  95,396  93,242  92,548  95,363 
Non same-store portfolio 6,024  3,926  3,979  7,812  11,664 
Total property NOI $ 106,422  $ 99,322  $ 97,221  $ 100,360  $ 107,027 

(a)Same-store portfolio consists of 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.
(b)See the definitions at the end of this release for a reconciliation from GAAP net income (loss) to NOI.


19

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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME (a)
THREE AND TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
Dollars in thousands, except per unit data
For the Three Months Ended
 December 31,
For the Year Ended
 December 31,
2024 2023 % change 2024 2023 % change
Revenue:      
Rental and other property revenue $ 151,326  $ 147,880  2.3  % $ 602,584  $ 585,277  3.0  %
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes 16,547  18,086  (8.5) % 69,863  72,518  (3.7) %
Property insurance 3,841  4,178  (8.1) % 15,698  14,618  7.4  %
Personnel expenses 11,884  11,491  3.4  % 49,504  45,592  8.6  %
Utilities 7,704  7,135  8.0  % 30,210  28,296  6.8  %
Repairs and maintenance 2,408  3,301  (27.1) % 19,791  20,122  (1.6) %
Contract services 5,270  5,175  1.8  % 21,846  21,584  1.2  %
Advertising expenses 1,677  1,597  5.0  % 7,578  6,342  19.5  %
Other expenses 1,597  1,554  2.8  % 6,510  6,625  (1.7) %
Total property operating expenses 50,928  52,517  (3.0) % 221,000  215,697  2.5  %
Same-store portfolio NOI $ 100,398  $ 95,363  5.3  % $ 381,584  $ 369,580  3.2  %
Same-store portfolio NOI margin 66.3  % 64.5  % 1.8  % 63.3  % 63.1  % 0.2  %
Average occupancy 95.5  % 94.5  % 1.0  % 95.2  % 94.1  % 1.1  %
Average effective monthly rent,
 per unit
$ 1,570  $ 1,558  0.8  % $ 1,563  $ 1,543  1.3  %
(a)Same-store portfolio consists of 107 properties, which represent 31,433 units.



















20

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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME BY MARKET
THREE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
Rental and Other Property Revenue Property Operating Expenses Net Operating Income Average Occupancy Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Market Number of Properties Units 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change
Atlanta, GA 13 5,180 $ 24,110  $ 24,398  (1.2) % $ 8,676  $ 9,212  (5.8) % $ 15,433  $ 15,186  1.6  % 93.8  % 92.6  % 1.2  % $ 1,599  $ 1,648  (3.0) %
Dallas, TX 14 4,007 22,240  21,700  2.5  % 7,652  8,401  (8.9) % 14,589  13,299  9.7  % 96.5  % 94.1  % 2.4  % 1,809  1,814  (0.3) %
Columbus, OH 10 2,510 11,602  10,805  7.4  % 4,056  3,722  9.0  % 7,546  7,083  6.5  % 95.4  % 94.5  % 0.9  % 1,511  1,425  6.0  %
Indianapolis, IN 7 1,979 8,794  8,388  4.8  % 3,055  3,087  (1.0) % 5,739  5,301  8.3  % 95.8  % 94.5  % 1.3  % 1,435  1,369  4.8  %
Oklahoma City, OK 8 2,147 8,287  7,887  5.1  % 2,597  2,553  1.7  % 5,690  5,334  6.7  % 95.5  % 95.3  % 0.2  % 1,228  1,184  3.7  %
Nashville, TN 5 1,508 7,640  7,525  1.5  % 1,961  2,371  (17.3) % 5,680  5,154  10.2  % 96.6  % 94.8  % 1.8  % 1,627  1,634  (0.4) %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 5 1,452 8,497  8,082  5.1  % 2,975  2,893  2.8  % 5,522  5,189  6.4  % 96.1  % 95.5  % 0.6  % 1,899  1,822  4.2  %
Denver, CO 6 1,397 7,584  7,537  0.6  % 2,201  2,342  (6.0) % 5,383  5,195  3.6  % 95.3  % 95.4  % (0.1) % 1,775  1,725  2.9  %
Raleigh - Durham, NC 6 1,690 7,924  7,957  (0.4) % 2,712  2,579  5.2  % 5,211  5,378  (3.1) % 95.2  % 94.9  % 0.3  % 1,553  1,562  (0.6) %
Memphis, TN 4 1,383 6,158  6,111  0.8  % 2,038  1,997  2.1  % 4,120  4,114  0.1  % 93.6  % 92.8  % 0.8  % 1,495  1,519  (1.6) %
Houston, TX 5 1,308 5,863  5,761  1.8  % 2,309  2,461  (6.2) % 3,554  3,300  7.7  % 96.3  % 95.8  % 0.5  % 1,432  1,423  0.6  %
Louisville, KY 4 1,150 5,211  4,724  10.3  % 1,822  1,832  (0.5) % 3,389  2,892  17.2  % 96.6  % 96.3  % 0.3  % 1,330  1,284  3.6  %
Lexington, KY 3 886 4,021  3,777  6.5  % 1,120  1,115  0.4  % 2,901  2,662  9.0  % 96.1  % 96.6  % (0.5) % 1,408  1,323  6.4  %
Huntsville, AL 3 873 4,184  4,131  1.3  % 1,323  1,327  (0.3) % 2,861  2,803  2.1  % 96.4  % 95.8  % 0.6  % 1,478  1,530  (3.4) %
Charlotte, NC 3 714 3,707  3,800  (2.4) % 1,110  1,085  2.3  % 2,597  2,715  (4.3) % 95.8  % 95.6  % 0.2  % 1,716  1,762  (2.6) %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC 3 628 2,678  2,687  (0.3) % 770  783  (1.7) % 1,908  1,904  0.2  % 94.6  % 94.3  % 0.3  % 1,396  1,420  (1.7) %
Cincinnati, OH 2 542 2,874  2,781  3.3  % 974  996  (2.2) % 1,900  1,785  6.4  % 97.0  % 95.1  % 1.9  % 1,624  1,598  1.6  %
Charleston, SC 2 518 2,814  2,665  5.6  % 988  941  5.0  % 1,826  1,724  5.9  % 97.1  % 94.4  % 2.7  % 1,739  1,692  2.8  %
Greenville, SC 1 702 2,566  2,689  (4.6) % 915  947  (3.4) % 1,651  1,742  (5.2) % 93.8  % 94.9  % (1.1) % 1,290  1,293  (0.2) %
Orlando, FL 1 297 1,675  1,658  1.0  % 636  708  (10.2) % 1,039  950  9.4  % 95.6  % 95.8  % (0.2) % 1,792  1,815  (1.3) %
Austin, TX 1 256 1,461  1,396  4.7  % 528  603  (12.4) % 933  793  17.7  % 96.0  % 94.4  % 1.6  % 1,791  1,808  (0.9) %
San Antonio, TX 1 306 1,436  1,421  1.1  % 510  562  (9.3) % 926  860  7.7  % 98.5  % 96.4  % 2.1  % 1,444  1,475  (2.1) %
Total / Weighted
   Average
107 31,433 $ 151,326  $ 147,880  2.3  % $ 50,928  $ 52,517  (3.0) % $ 100,398  $ 95,363  5.3  % 95.5  % 94.5  % 1.0  % $ 1,570  $ 1,558  0.8  %
21

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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME BY MARKET
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
Rental and Other Property Revenue Property Operating Expenses Net Operating Income Average Occupancy Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Market Number of Properties Units 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change
Atlanta, GA 13 5,180 $ 96,822  $ 96,866  0.0  % $ 37,892  $ 36,219  4.6  % $ 58,928  $ 60,645  (2.8) % 93.6  % 92.2  % 1.4  % $ 1,607  $ 1,636  (1.8) %
Dallas, TX 14 4,007 88,868  86,650  2.6  % 33,366  34,300  (2.7) % 55,502  52,350  6.0  % 95.5  % 94.2  % 1.3  % 1,814  1,799  0.8  %
Columbus, OH 10 2,510 45,155  42,386  6.5  % 17,044  15,832  7.7  % 28,111  26,555  5.9  % 95.1  % 94.7  % 0.4  % 1,471  1,391  5.8  %
Indianapolis, IN 7 1,979 35,062  32,976  6.3  % 12,913  12,730  1.4  % 22,149  20,246  9.4  % 96.0  % 94.0  % 2.0  % 1,407  1,354  3.9  %
Oklahoma City, OK 8 2,147 32,800  31,111  5.4  % 11,029  10,609  4.0  % 21,772  20,501  6.2  % 95.3  % 93.9  % 1.4  % 1,212  1,172  3.4  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 5 1,452 33,427  31,991  4.5  % 12,110  12,044  0.5  % 21,317  19,947  6.9  % 95.7  % 94.7  % 1.0  % 1,860  1,814  2.5  %
Denver, CO 6 1,397 30,587  29,974  2.0  % 9,486  9,388  1.0  % 21,101  20,586  2.5  % 96.1  % 95.2  % 0.9  % 1,747  1,720  1.6  %
Nashville, TN 5 1,508 30,351  29,321  3.5  % 9,697  9,959  (2.6) % 20,654  19,363  6.7  % 95.5  % 93.6  % 1.9  % 1,633  1,612  1.3  %
Raleigh - Durham, NC 6 1,690 32,023  31,541  1.5  % 11,744  10,550  11.3  % 20,279  20,991  (3.4) % 95.0  % 94.4  % 0.6  % 1,551  1,544  0.5  %
Memphis, TN 4 1,383 24,929  24,686  1.0  % 8,721  8,237  5.9  % 16,208  16,449  (1.5) % 93.7  % 93.5  % 0.2  % 1,513  1,510  0.2  %
Houston, TX 5 1,308 23,536  22,882  2.9  % 10,288  10,642  (3.3) % 13,248  12,240  8.2  % 95.8  % 95.5  % 0.3  % 1,433  1,402  2.2  %
Louisville, KY 4 1,150 19,916  18,268  9.0  % 7,948  7,554  5.2  % 11,968  10,714  11.7  % 96.0  % 94.2  % 1.8  % 1,322  1,279  3.4  %
Lexington, KY 3 886 15,812  14,956  5.7  % 4,779  4,555  4.9  % 11,033  10,401  6.1  % 96.7  % 96.8  % (0.1) % 1,372  1,295  5.9  %
Huntsville, AL 3 873 16,390  16,380  0.1  % 5,686  5,609  1.4  % 10,703  10,772  (0.6) % 95.9  % 95.4  % 0.5  % 1,493  1,536  (2.8) %
Charlotte, NC 3 714 15,076  15,260  (1.2) % 4,707  4,428  6.3  % 10,369  10,832  (4.3) % 95.5  % 95.5  % —  % 1,734  1,761  (1.5) %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC 3 628 10,830  10,711  1.1  % 3,491  3,291  6.1  % 7,339  7,420  (1.1) % 95.1  % 94.8  % 0.3  % 1,407  1,412  (0.4) %
Cincinnati, OH 2 542 11,372  10,839  4.9  % 4,178  4,038  3.5  % 7,195  6,801  5.8  % 96.4  % 94.5  % 1.9  % 1,608  1,572  2.3  %
Charleston, SC 2 518 11,017  10,444  5.5  % 4,466  4,184  6.7  % 6,552  6,260  4.7  % 96.4  % 94.6  % 1.8  % 1,713  1,652  3.7  %
Greenville, SC 1 702 10,514  10,461  0.5  % 4,019  3,845  4.5  % 6,495  6,616  (1.8) % 94.2  % 94.2  % —  % 1,302  1,268  2.7  %
Orlando, FL 1 297 6,668  6,363  4.8  % 2,782  2,706  2.8  % 3,886  3,657  6.3  % 94.8  % 93.8  % 1.0  % 1,794  1,805  (0.6) %
San Antonio, TX 1 306 5,729  5,773  (0.8) % 2,339  2,563  (8.7) % 3,391  3,210  5.6  % 97.3  % 96.2  % 1.1  % 1,463  1,482  (1.3) %
Austin, TX 1 256 5,700  5,438  4.8  % 2,315  2,415  (4.1) % 3,384  3,023  11.9  % 95.0  % 92.1  % 2.9  % 1,800  1,791  0.5  %
Total/Weighted Average 107 31,433 $ 602,584  $ 585,277  3.0  % $ 221,000  $ 215,698  2.5  % $ 381,584  $ 369,579  3.2  % 95.2  % 94.1  % 1.1  % $ 1,563  $ 1,543  1.3  %
22

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PROPERTY PORTFOLIO (a)
NET OPERATING INCOME EXPOSURE BY MARKET
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
For the Three Months Ended
 December 31, 2024
Market Number of Properties Units Gross Real 
Estate 
Assets
Period End
 Occupancy
Average 
Effective
 Monthly Rent 
per Unit
NOI % of NOI
Atlanta, GA 13 5,180 $ 1,107,680  93.8  % $ 1,599  $ 15,432  14.5  %
Dallas, TX 14 4,007 880,188  96.5  % 1,809  14,589  13.7  %
Columbus, OH 10 2,510 380,928  95.6  % 1,511  7,546  6.9  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 6 1,791 399,163  96.1  % 1,963  6,818  6.4  %
Denver, CO (a)(b) 7 1,722 495,388  95.0  % 1,775  6,652  6.3  %
Indianapolis, IN 7 1,979 294,522  95.3  % 1,435  5,739  5.4  %
Oklahoma City, OK 8 2,147 337,446  96.3  % 1,228  5,690  5.3  %
Nashville, TN 5 1,508 375,025  96.0  % 1,627  5,680  5.3  %
Raleigh - Durham, NC 6 1,690 254,625  94.2  % 1,553  5,211  4.9  %
Memphis, TN 4 1,383 160,408  94.7  % 1,495  4,120  3.9  %
Houston, TX 5 1,308 214,977  96.6  % 1,432  3,554  3.3  %
Louisville, KY 4 1,150 143,283  96.8  % 1,330  3,389  3.2  %
Charlotte, NC 4 1,014 262,601  93.6  % 1,562  3,259  3.1  %
Huntsville, AL 4 1,051 241,595  95.7  % 1,456  3,248  3.1  %
Lexington, KY 3 886 163,697  96.8  % 1,408  2,901  2.7  %
Birmingham, AL (c) 1 720 122,694  96.1  % 1,425  1,992  1.9  %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC 3 628 68,341  94.3  % 1,396  1,908  1.8  %
Cincinnati, OH 2 542 124,877  96.8  % 1,624  1,900  1.8  %
Charleston, SC 2 518 82,210  95.7  % 1,739  1,826  1.7  %
Greenville, SC 1 702 126,274  92.8  % 1,290  1,651  1.6  %
Orlando, FL 2 617 132,879  94.0  % 1,840  1,438  1.4  %
San Antonio, TX 1 306 57,527  98.0  % 1,444  926  0.9  %
Austin, TX 1 256 60,302  96.5  % 1,791  933  0.9  %
Total / Weighted Average 113 33,615 $ 6,486,630  95.4  % $ 1,572  $ 106,402  100.0  %
(a)Excludes our development project Flatiron Flats. See the definitions at the end of this release.
(b)Includes properties in our Fort Collins, CO and Colorado Springs, CO markets.
(c)Represents one property that was held for sale as of December 31, 2024.
23

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VALUE ADD SUMMARY BY MARKET
PROJECT LIFE TO DATE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024

Renovation Costs per Unit (b)
Market Total Properties Total
Units To Be Renovated
Units Complete Units
Leased
Rent Premium (a) % Rent Increase Interior Exterior Total ROI - Interior Costs(c) ROI - Total Costs (c)
Ongoing
Atlanta, GA 5 2,344  1,210  1,186  $ 254  18.5  % $ 18,589  $ 2,283  $ 20,872  16.4  % 14.6  %
Dallas, TX 5 1,462  854  841  283  19.6  % 19,465  2,226  21,691  17.4  % 15.6  %
Columbus, OH 4 1,098  613  605  268  21.6  % 14,999  1,431  16,430  21.4  % 19.6  %
Oklahoma City, OK 4 1,087  663  652  162  17.3  % 17,185  2,213  19,398  11.3  % 10.0  %
Lexington, KY 1 436  56  49  253  20.5  % 17,662  2,038  19,700  17.2  % 15.4  %
Nashville, TN 1 418  298  296  169  12.3  % 17,021  1,321  18,342  11.9  % 11.1  %
Memphis, TN 1 362  303  301  377  34.4  % 15,901  807  16,708  28.4  % 27.1  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 1 348  244  242  323  22.1  % 17,471  1,875  19,346  22.2  % 20.0  %
Raleigh-Durham, NC 1 318  255  253  208  16.5  % 16,215  1,046  17,261  15.4  % 14.5  %
Austin, TX 1 256  199  194  256  17.7  % 18,451  1,486  19,937  16.7  % 15.4  %
Denver, CO 1 252  35  30  318  29.0  % 11,883  4,048  15,931  32.1  % 23.9  %
Indianapolis, IN 1 236  200  199  260  24.0  % 15,718  1,484  17,202  19.9  % 18.2  %
   Total / Weighted Average 26 8,617  4,930  4,848  $ 253  19.9  % $17,487 $ 1,979  $ 19,466  17.3  % 15.6  %
Future (d)
Atlanta, GA 1,334  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Dallas, TX 763  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Oklahoma City, OK 540  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Raleigh-Durham, NC 488  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Indianapolis, IN 460  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Charleston, SC 274  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Denver, CO 240  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total / Weighted Average 14  4,099  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Completed (e)
Atlanta, GA 978  916  900  $ 215  20.8  % $ 9,021  $ 1,139  $ 10,160  28.6  % 25.4  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 888  851  848  279  21.7  % 14,205  1,327  15,532  23.5  % 21.5  %
Columbus, OH 763  714  711  205  22.4  % 10,374  666  11,040  23.7  % 22.3  %
Louisville, KY 728  728  785  215  24.1  % 15,621  2,173  17,794  16.5  % 14.5  %
Memphis, TN 691  690  684  183  18.0  % 12,110  974  13,084  18.1  % 16.8  %
Raleigh-Durham, NC 328  325  323  195  19.0  % 14,648  2,108  16,756  15.9  % 13.9  %
Wilmington, NC 288  288  287  77  7.6  % 8,120  56  8,176  11.4  % 11.3  %
   Total / Weighted Average 15  4,664  4,512  4,538  $ 210  20.5  % $ 12,098  $ 1,236  $ 13,334  20.9  % 18.9  %
Grand Total/Weighted Average 55  17,380  9,442  9,386  $ 232  20.2  % $ 14,903  $ 1,725  $ 16,628  18.7  % 16.8  %
(a) See the definitions section for a full description of Rent Premium. The weighted average Rent Premium including the impact of leasing concessions was $223.
(b)See the definitions section for a full description of Renovation Costs per Unit.
(c)See the definitions section for a full description of ROI. ROI-Interior costs using rent premium including the impact of leasing concessions was 18.0%. ROI-Total costs using rent premium including the impact of leasing concessions was 16.1%.
(d)Projects scheduled to start in Q1 2025 are located in Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO and Raleigh-Durham, NC. Projects scheduled to start in Q2 2025 are located in Atlanta, GA, Charleston, SC, Dallas, TX, Indianapolis, IN, Oklahoma City, OK and Raleigh-Durham, NC. Projects scheduled to start in Q3 2025 are located in Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Indianapolis, IN and Oklahoma City, OK.
(e)We consider value add projects completed when over 85% of the property’s units to be renovated have been completed. We continue to renovate remaining unrenovated units as leases expire until we complete 100% of the property’s units.
(f)Includes Meadows, Haverford, Crestmont and Creekside that were formerly a part of the value add program but were sold in October 2022 (with respect to Meadows), February 2022 (with respect to Haverford) and December 2021 (with respect to Crestmont and Creekside).
24

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INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY
Dollars in thousands except per unit amounts

2024 ACQUISITIONS
Property Market Units Acquisition Date Purchase Price Price per Unit Average Rent per Unit at Acquisition
Gateway at Pinellas Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 288 8/13/24 $ 82,000  $ 285  $ 2,228 
Highland Ridge Charlotte, NC 300 11/01/24 73,500  245  1,703 
Serenza at Ocoee Village Orlando, FL 320 12/05/24 84,250  263  1,905 
      Total 908 $ 239,750  $ 264  $ 1,941 
2024 DISPOSITIONS
Property Location Units Disposition date Sale price Price per unit Average rent per unit at disposition Gain on sale (loss on impairment) , net (a)
Villas of Kingwood Houston, TX 330 2/13/24 $ 53,700  $ 163  $ 1,454  $ 62 
Belmar Villas Denver, CO 318 2/13/24 74,300  234  1,606  46 
Hearthstone at City Center Denver, CO 360 3/12/24 74,000  206  1,690  88 
Villas at Huffmeister Houston, TX 294 3/25/24 44,250  151  1,557  (415)
Westmont Commons Asheville, NC 252 3/28/24 49,875  198  1,505  25,856 
Reserve at Creekside Chattanooga, TN 192 4/30/24 28,500  152  1,462  (152)
Tapestry Park Birmingham, AL 354 7/17/24 70,800  200  1,644  (14,419)
   Total 2,100 $ 395,425  $ 188  $ 1,571  $ 11,066 
(a)During the three months ended December 31, 2023, we recognized an aggregate loss on impairment of $32,956 on the Villas at Kingwood, Belmar Villas, Hearthstone at City Center, Villas at Huffmeister, and Reserve at Creekside, including $1,105 of defeasance and debt prepayment gains on these dispositions. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized a loss on impairment of $15,107 on Tapestry Park.
ASSETS HELD FOR SALE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Property Location Units Q4 2024 Loss on Impairment
Ridge Crossings Birmingham, AL 720 $20,928
REAL ESTATE UNDER DEVELOPMENT (a)
Development Flatiron Flats
Location Denver, Colorado
Planned Units 296
Start Date 4Q 2022
Initial Occupancy 1Q 2025
Completion Date 1Q 2025
Projected Stabilization date 3Q 2026
Total Estimated Development Costs $113,210
% of Development Costs Left to Fund 4%
Real Estate Under Development at December 31, 2024 (excludes capitalized interest) $108,396
(a)Destination at Arista no longer met the definition of a development project in the fourth quarter of 2024 upon reaching 90% occupancy. Flatiron Flats will continue to be classified as a development property since it is in lease-up and has not yet reached overall occupancy of 90%.

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INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY - (CONTINUED)

INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE ENTITIES
Property Location Units Estimated Delivery Date Total Construction Budget Total Project Debt IRT Equity Interest in JV Remaining Expected IRT Investment Carrying Value of IRT’s Investment
Metropolis at Innsbrook (a)
Richmond, VA 402  $ 85,883  $ 59,000  84.8  % $ —  $ 21,163 
Views of Music City II (b)
Nashville, TN 209  33,439  21,736  50.0  % —  5,905 
The Crockett (c)
Nashville, TN 199  —  —  —  % —  — 
Lakeline Station Austin, TX 378  Q2 2025 110,551  76,500  90.0  % —  36,107 
The Mustang (d)
Dallas, TX 275  109,583  79,447  85.0  % —  28,801 
Total 1,264  $ 339,456  $ 236,683  $ —  $ 91,975 
(a)Metropolis at Innsbrook is operating and was listed for sale during Q1 2025. We expect this property to be sold during 2025 and to receive our proportionate share of the gain on sale and a return of our invested capital.
(b)Views of Music City phase II is operating and was listed for sale during Q1 2025. We have a right of first refusal on any sale of the Views of Music City II. We expect this property to be sold during 2025 and to receive our preferred return and invested capital.
(c)The Crockett is an operating property consisting of 199 units. On July 16, 2024, we amended the joint venture agreement governing the entity that owns this property and Views of Music City II. The amendment to the joint venture agreement resulted in the return of our invested capital in the amount of $5.5 million and preferred return in the amount of $3.0 million, net, thereon on October 17, 2024, while also providing us with a right of first refusal on any sale of The Crockett.
(d)The Mustang became an operating property during the fourth quarter of 2024 and consists of 275 units. We have a call option that gives us the right to buy the property upon the earlier of the date upon which the property achieves 85% occupancy or August 15, 2025.
Subsequent Investment in Unconsolidated Real Estate Entity
On January 30, 2025, we entered into a joint venture for the development of Nexton Pine Hollow, a to-be-built multifamily apartment project comprised of 324 units in Charleston, SC. We have committed to invest an aggregate of $28.6 million in this joint venture, and, as of January 30, 2025, had funded $8.4 million on account of this commitment.

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DEBT SUMMARY AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Dollars in thousands                            
Amount
Weighted Average Contractual Rate (e)
Weighted Average Hedged Effective Rate (f)
Type
Weighted Average Maturity (in years)
Debt:
Unsecured revolver (a)
$ 194,478  5.5  % 4.8  %
Floating(g)
4.0
Unsecured term loans (b)
600,000  5.6  % 4.0  %
Floating(g)
2.5
Secured credit facilities (c)
585,635  4.2  % 4.4  % Fixed  3.9
Mortgages 780,794  3.8  % 4.0  % Fixed 3.7
Unsecured private placement notes (d)
150,000  5.4  % 5.6  % Fixed 8.3
Total Principal 2,310,907  4.6  % 4.3  % 3.8
Loan premiums (discounts), net 31,721 
Unamortized deferred financing costs (8,945)
Total Consolidated Debt 2,333,683 
Market Equity Capitalization, at period end 4,697,713 
Total Capitalization $ 7,031,396 
(a)On January 8, 2025, we amended and restated our unsecured credit agreement to increase our revolver capacity from $500,000 to $750,000 and to amend the maturity date of borrowings under the unsecured revolver to January 8, 2029.
(b)Consists of a (i) $200,000 unsecured term loan with a maturity date of May 18, 2026 and a (ii) $400,000 unsecured term loan with a maturity date of January 28, 2028.
(c)Consists of a (i) $509,386 secured credit facility, two tranches of which, in an aggregate principal amount of $468,918, have a maturity date of August 1, 2028 and the third tranche of which, in the principal amount of $40,468, has a maturity date of March 1, 2030 and a (ii) $76,249 secured credit facility with a maturity date of July 1, 2030.
(d)Consists of (i) $75,000 aggregate principal amount of unsecured private placement notes with a maturity date of October 1, 2031 and at a fixed annual interest rate of 5.32% and (ii) $75,000 aggregate principal amount of unsecured private placement notes with a maturity date of October 1, 2034 and at a fixed annual interest rate of 5.53%.
(e)Represents the weighted average of the contractual interest rates in effect as of the three months ended December 31, 2024, without regard to any interest rate swaps or collars.
(f)Represents the weighted average effective interest rates for the three months ended December 31, 2024, including the impact of interest rate swaps and collars, amortization of hedging costs, and deferred financing costs but excluding the impact of loan premium amortization, discount accretion, and interest capitalization.
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(g)As of December 31, 2024, we maintained the below hedges that have effectively fixed a portion of our floating rate debt.
Hedges: Notional Start End Swap Rate Floor Rate Cap Rate
Swap $ 150,000  6/17/2021 6/17/2026 2.18  % —  — 
Swap $ 150,000  5/17/2022 5/17/2027 0.99  % —  — 
Swap $ 200,000  3/17/2023 3/17/2030 3.39  % —  — 
Collar $ 100,000  1/17/2024 1/17/2028 —  1.50  % 2.50  %
Collar $ 100,000  11/17/2024 1/17/2028 —  1.50  % 2.50  %
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DEBT MATURITY, DEBT COVENANT AND UNENCUMBERED ASSET STATS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Dollars in thousands

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(a) Reflects our December 31, 2024 debt maturity schedule as adjusted for the amended and restated credit agreement that we entered into on January 8, 2025. The amended and restated credit agreement increases our borrowing capacity under our existing revolver from $500 million to $750 million and extends the maturity date of the revolver from January 2026 to January 2029.
Debt Covenant Summary (b)
Requirement Actual Compliance
Consolidated leverage ratio ≤ 60% 30.5% Yes
Consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio ≥ 1.5x 3.5x Yes
Unsecured leverage ratio ≤ 60% 27.9% Yes
(b)For a complete listing of all debt covenants along with definitions of each covenant calculation see the Fifth Amended, Restated and Consolidated Credit Agreement, which was filed as Exhibit 10.1 of our Form 8-K filed on January 10, 2025.
Encumbered & Unencumbered Statistics (c)
Total Units % of Total Gross Assets % of Total Q4 2024 NOI % of Total
Unencumbered assets 21,216  63.1  % $ 4,140,591  60.2  % $ 66,167  62.2  %
Encumbered assets 12,399  36.9  % 2,741,705  39.8  % 40,235  37.8  %
33,615  100.0  % $ 6,882,296  100.0  % $ 106,402  100.0  %
(c)Excludes our development project Flatiron Flats. See the definitions at the end of this release.

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DEFINITIONS
Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Average effective rent per unit represents the average of net rent amounts, after leasing concessions amortized over the life of the lease, divided by the average occupancy (in units) for the period presented. We believe average effective rent is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing. This metric, when presented, reflects the average effective rent per month.
Average Occupancy
Average occupancy represents the average occupied units for the reporting period divided by the average of total units available for rent for the reporting period.
Development Property
A development property is a property that is either currently under development or is in lease-up prior to reaching overall occupancy of 90%.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense including amortization of deferred financing costs, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA before certain other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate, debt extinguishments and acquisition related debt extinguishment expenses, casualty (gains) losses, income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities, and restructuring costs. We consider each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure of performance because it eliminates interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and other non-cash or non-operating gains and losses, which permits investors to view income from operations without these non-cash or non-operating items. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the methodology used for calculating Adjusted EBITDA by certain other REITs and, accordingly, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other REITs.
Funds From Operations (“FFO”) and Core Funds From Operations (“CFFO”)
We believe that FFO and CFFO, each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT and us in particular. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with NAREIT’s definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO computations of such other REITs.
CFFO is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate company’s operating performance by removing the effect of items that do not reflect ongoing property operations, including depreciation and amortization of other items not included in FFO, and other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as casualty (gains) losses, loan premium accretion and discount amortization, debt extinguishment costs, and restructuring costs from the determination of FFO.
Our calculation of CFFO may differ from the methodology used for calculating CFFO by other REITs and, accordingly, our CFFO may not be comparable to CFFO reported by other REITs. Our management utilizes FFO and CFFO as measures of our operating performance, and believe they are also useful to investors, because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash or non-recurring items that are required by GAAP to be expensed but may not necessarily be indicative of current operating performance and our operating performance between periods.
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Furthermore, although FFO, CFFO and other supplemental performance measures are defined in various ways throughout the REIT industry, we believe that FFO and CFFO may provide us and our investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to certain other REITs. Neither FFO nor CFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and CFFO do not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Accordingly, FFO and CFFO do not measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements. Neither FFO nor CFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.
Interest Coverage
Interest coverage is a ratio computed by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by interest expense.
Net Debt
Net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total consolidated debt less cash and cash equivalents and loan premiums and discounts. The following table provides a reconciliation of total consolidated debt to net debt (dollars in thousands).
As of
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Total debt $ 2,333,683  $ 2,286,694  $ 2,252,559  $ 2,277,098  $ 2,549,409 
Less: cash and cash equivalents (21,228) (17,611) (21,034) (21,275) (22,852)
Less: loan discounts and premiums, net (31,721) (33,970) (37,253) (39,804) (44,483)
Total net debt $ 2,280,734  $ 2,235,113  $ 2,194,272  $ 2,216,019  $ 2,482,074 
We present net debt and net debt to Adjusted EBITDA because management believes it is a useful measure of our credit position and progress toward reducing leverage. The calculation is limited because we may not always be able to use cash to repay debt on a dollar for dollar basis.
Net Operating Income
We believe that Net Operating Income (“NOI”), a non-GAAP financial measure, is a useful measure of our operating performance. We define NOI as total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding interest expense, depreciation and amortization, casualty related costs and gains, property management expenses, general and administrative expenses, net gains on sale of assets, and restructuring costs.
Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI and, accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our performance on a same-store and non same-store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.

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A reconciliation from GAAP net (loss) income to NOI is provided below (dollars in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Net (loss) income $ (1,100) $ 12,620  $ 10,555  $ 17,961  $ (41,654)
   Other revenue (346) (275) (298) (203) (316)
   Property management expenses 7,379  7,379  7,666  7,499  6,660 
   General and administrative
     expenses
4,856  4,765  6,244  8,381  5,043 
   Depreciation and amortization
    expense
57,742  55,261  54,127  53,721  55,902 
   Casualty (gains) losses (80) 1,249  465  2,301  59 
   Interest expense 19,770  18,308  17,460  20,603  23,537 
   (Gain on sale) loss on impairment
    of real estate assets, net
20,928  (688) 152  (10,530) 56,263 
   (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt —  —  (203) 124 
   Other loss —  —  —  79 
   (Income) loss from investments in
     unconsolidated real estate entities
(2,729) 703  850  829  1,330 
NOI $ 106,422  $ 99,322  $ 97,221  $ 100,360  $ 107,027 
Less: Non same-store portfolio NOI 6,024  3,926  3,979  7,812  11,664 
Same-store portfolio NOI $ 100,398  $ 95,396  $ 93,242  $ 92,548  $ 95,363 
Non Same-Store Properties and Non Same-Store Portfolio
Properties that did not meet the definition of a same-store property as of the beginning of the previous year.
Same-Store Properties and Same-Store Portfolio
We review our same-store portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year. Properties are added into the same-store portfolio if they were owned and not a development property at the beginning of the previous year. Properties that are held for sale or have been sold are excluded from the same-store portfolio.

Rent Premium on Value Add Renovations

The rent premium reflects the per unit per month difference between the rental rate on the renovated unit excluding the impact of upfront leasing concessions, if any, and the market rent for an unrenovated unit as of the date presented, as determined by management consistent with its customary rent-setting and evaluation procedures. We believe excluding the impact of upfront leasing concessions from our rental rates when comparing to the market rental rates for unrenovated units makes the comparison most relevant and the resulting premium provides management with an indicator of the increased rent generated by the unit renovation.

Renovation Costs per Unit

Renovation costs per unit includes all costs to renovate the interior units and make certain exterior renovations, including clubhouses and amenities. Interior costs per unit are based on units leased. Exterior costs per unit are based on total units at the community. Excludes overhead costs to support and manage the value add program as those costs relate to the entire program and cannot be allocated to individual projects.


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Return on Investment (“ROI”) on Value Add Renovations
ROI is calculated using the Rent Premium per unit per month, multiplied by 12, divided by the interior renovation costs per unit or the total renovation costs, as applicable. We use ROI on value add renovation projects to measure the profitability of a renovation project relative to other projects or relative to other uses of our capital.
Total Gross Assets
Total Gross Assets equals total assets plus accumulated depreciation and accumulated amortization, including fully depreciated or amortized real estate and real estate related assets. The following table provides a reconciliation of total assets to total gross assets (dollars in thousands).
As of
Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Total assets $ 6,057,919  $ 5,948,204  $ 5,940,261  $ 5,972,848  $ 6,280,175 
Plus: accumulated depreciation (a)
753,539  715,702  674,236  630,743  606,404 
Plus: accumulated amortization 70,838  69,958  69,532  69,998  73,975 
Total gross assets $ 6,882,296  $ 6,733,864  $ 6,684,029  $ 6,673,589  $ 6,960,554 
(a)Includes accumulated depreciation associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
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