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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

FORM 8-K

 

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) February 2, 2023

 

Merck & Co., Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

New Jersey

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation)

 

1-6571

(Commission

File Number)

 

22-1918501

(I.R.S Employer

Identification No.)

 

126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, NJ

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

07065

(Zip Code)

 

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) (908) 740-4000

 

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

 

Emerging growth company  ¨

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ¨

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of each exchange on which registered
         
Common Stock ($0.50 par value)   MRK   New York Stock Exchange
0.500% Notes due 2024   MRK 24   New York Stock Exchange
1.875% Notes due 2026   MRK/26   New York Stock Exchange
2.500% Notes due 2034   MRK/34   New York Stock Exchange
1.375% Notes due 2036   MRK 36A   New York Stock Exchange

 

 

 

 


 

Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

 

The following information, including the exhibits hereto, is being furnished pursuant to this Item 2.02.

 

Incorporated by reference is a press release issued by Merck & Co., Inc. on February 2, 2023, regarding earnings for the fourth quarter and year end of 2022, attached as Exhibit 99.1. Also incorporated by reference is certain supplemental information not included in the press release, attached as Exhibit 99.2.

 

This information shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, and is not incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

 

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

 

(d)  Exhibits

 

Exhibit 99.1 Press release issued February 2, 2023, regarding earnings for the fourth quarter and year end of 2022

 

Exhibit 99.2 Certain supplemental information not included in the press release

 

Exhibit 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

 

 


 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

    Merck & Co., Inc.
     
Date: February 2, 2023 By: /s/ Kelly E. W. Grez
    Kelly E. W. Grez
    Corporate Secretary

 

 

 

EX-99.1 2 tm235007d1_ex99-1.htm EXHIBIT 99.1

 

Exhibit 99.1

 

News Release
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE  

 

Merck Announces Fourth-Quarter and Full-Year 2022 Financial Results

 

- Fourth-Quarter and Full-Year 2022 Results Reflect Sustained Strong Revenue Growth

 

- Fourth-Quarter 2022 Worldwide Sales Were $13.8 Billion, an Increase of 2% From Fourth Quarter 2021; Growth Excluding the Impact of Foreign Exchange Was 8%

 

- Fourth-Quarter 2022 GAAP EPS From Continuing Operations Was $1.18; Fourth-Quarter 2022 Non-GAAP EPS Was $1.62

 

- Full-Year 2022 Worldwide Sales Were $59.3 Billion, an Increase of 22% From Full Year 2021; Growth Excluding LAGEVRIO Was 12%; Growth Excluding LAGEVRIO and the Impact of Foreign Exchange Was 15%

 

o KEYTRUDA Sales Grew 22% to $20.9 Billion; Excluding the Impact of Foreign Exchange, Sales Grew 27%

 

o GARDASIL/GARDASIL 9 Sales Grew 22% to $6.9 Billion; Excluding the Impact of Foreign Exchange, Sales Grew 27%

 

- Full-Year 2022 GAAP EPS From Continuing Operations Was $5.71; Full-Year 2022 Non-GAAP EPS Was $7.48

 

- In 2022, Augmented Pipeline Through Strategic Business Development, Including Acquisition of Imago and Key Agreements With Moderna, Orna, Orion and Kelun-Biotech

 

- 2023 Financial Outlook

 

o Anticipates Full-Year 2023 Worldwide Sales To Be Between $57.2 Billion and $58.7 Billion; Outlook Includes Approximately $1.0 Billion of LAGEVRIO Sales

 

o Expects Full-Year 2023 GAAP EPS To Be Between $5.86 and $6.01; Expects Non-GAAP EPS To Be Between $6.80 and $6.95

 

RAHWAY, N.J., Feb. 2, 2023 – Merck (NYSE: MRK), known as MSD outside the United States and Canada, today announced financial results for the fourth quarter and full year of 2022.

 

"2022 was an exceptional year for Merck, which is a testament to the profound impact our medicines and vaccines are having on patients globally," said Robert M. Davis, chairman and chief executive officer. “I am extremely proud of what our talented and dedicated colleagues have accomplished scientifically, commercially and operationally. Our science-led strategy is working as we continue to build a sustainable engine that will drive innovation and generate long-term value for patients and shareholders well into the next decade.”

 

Financial Summary

 

Financial information presented in this release reflects Merck’s results on a continuing operations basis, which excludes Organon & Co. that was spun off in 2021.

 

 
  - 2 -  

 

    Fourth Quarter     Year Ended  
$ in millions, except EPS amounts   2022     2021     Change     Change
Ex-Exchange
    Dec. 31,
2022
    Dec. 31,
2021
    Change     Change
Ex-Exchange
 
Sales   $ 13,830     $ 13,521       2 %     8 %   $ 59,283     $ 48,704       22 %     26 %
GAAP net income1     3,017       3,820       -21 %     -17 %     14,519       12,345       18 %     21 %
Non-GAAP net income that excludes certain items1,2*     4,129       4,592       -10 %     -7 %     19,005       13,623       40 %     43 %
GAAP EPS     1.18       1.51       -22 %     -17 %     5.71       4.86       17 %     21 %
Non-GAAP EPS that excludes certain items2*     1.62       1.81       -10 %     -7 %     7.48       5.37       39 %     43 %

 

*Refer to table on page 11.

 

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) earnings per share (EPS) assuming dilution was $1.18 for the fourth quarter and $5.71 for the full year of 2022. Non-GAAP EPS was $1.62 for the fourth quarter and $7.48 for the full year of 2022. The declines in GAAP and non-GAAP EPS in the fourth quarter versus the prior year were primarily due to lower fourth quarter 2021 effective tax rates and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange, partially offset by strong underlying business performance. The GAAP EPS decline in the fourth quarter also reflects the unfavorable impact of losses from investments in equity securities compared with gains in the prior year. Full-year 2022 and 2021 GAAP and non-GAAP EPS were negatively impacted by $0.22 and $0.65, respectively, related to an asset acquisition, and collaboration and licensing agreements.

 

Non-GAAP EPS excludes acquisition- and divestiture-related costs (including pretax intangible asset impairment research and development [R&D] charges of $780 million and $1.7 billion in the fourth quarter and full year of 2022, respectively, largely related to nemtabrutinib) and restructuring costs, as well as income and losses from investments in equity securities.

 

In 2022, the company changed the treatment of certain items for purposes of its non-GAAP reporting. Results for 2021 have been recast to conform to the new presentation. For more information, refer to the Form 8-K filed by the company on April 21, 2022.

 

 

 

1 Net income from continuing operations attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.

2 Merck is providing certain 2022 and 2021 non-GAAP information that excludes certain items because of the nature of these items and the impact they have on the analysis of underlying business performance and trends. Management believes that providing this information enhances investors’ understanding of the company’s results because management uses non-GAAP results to assess performance. Management uses non-GAAP measures internally for planning and forecasting purposes and to measure the performance of the company along with other metrics. In addition, senior management’s annual compensation is derived in part using a non-GAAP pre-tax income metric. This information should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for or superior to, information prepared in accordance with GAAP. For a description of the non-GAAP adjustments, see Table 2a attached to this release. Non-GAAP results for 2021 have been recast to conform to presentation changes implemented in 2022.

 

 
  - 3 -  

 

Oncology Program Highlights

 

· Merck announced the following regulatory and clinical milestones for KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab), Merck’s anti-PD-1 therapy:

 

o KEYTRUDA approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as adjuvant treatment following resection and platinum-based chemotherapy for adult patients with stage IB (T2a ≥4 centimeters), II, or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), based on the pivotal Phase 3 KEYNOTE-091 trial.

 

o In collaboration with Moderna, Inc. (Moderna), positive topline results from the Phase 2b KEYNOTE-942/mRNA-4157-P201 trial, which showed that KEYTRUDA in combination with mRNA-4157/V940, an investigational personalized mRNA therapeutic cancer vaccine, demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in the primary endpoint of recurrence-free survival versus KEYTRUDA alone for the adjuvant treatment of patients with stage III/IV melanoma following complete resection.

 

o In collaboration with Seagen Inc. and Astellas Pharma Inc., acceptance by the FDA for priority review of the supplemental Biologics License Application for KEYTRUDA in combination with Padcev®3 (enfortumab vedotin-ejfv) for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who are not eligible to receive cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.

 

o Positive topline results from the pivotal Phase 3 KEYNOTE-859 trial investigating KEYTRUDA in combination with chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

 

o Positive topline results from the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-966 trial investigating KEYTRUDA in combination with standard of care chemotherapy (gemcitabine and cisplatin) for the first-line treatment of patients with advanced or unresectable biliary tract cancer.

 

· Merck announced that Lynparza (olaparib), an oral PARP inhibitor being co-developed and co-commercialized with AstraZeneca, was approved in the European Union (EU) in combination with abiraterone and prednisone or prednisolone for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in whom chemotherapy is not clinically indicated, based on the Phase 3 PROpel trial.

 

Vaccine Program Highlights

 

· Merck announced that an updated systematic literature review of 138 peer-reviewed studies observed that use of GARDASIL [Human Papillomavirus Quadrivalent (Types 6, 11, 16 and 18) Vaccine, Recombinant] led to reductions in the rates of high-grade (precancerous) and low-grade cervical lesions, as well as reductions in certain non-cervical HPV-related diseases and HPV infection in women and men.

 

 

 

3 Registered trademark of Seagen and Agensys.

 

 
  - 4 -  

 

Cardiovascular Program Highlights

 

· Merck will present results from the Phase 3 STELLAR study evaluating investigational sotatercept for the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, and from the Phase 2 study evaluating MK-0616, the company’s investigational oral macrocyclic peptide PCSK9 inhibitor for the treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia, at the American College of Cardiology’s 72nd Annual Scientific Session together with the World Heart Federation’s World Congress of Cardiology (ACC.23/WCC). Merck will host an investor event at ACC.23/WCC on March 6, 2023, to discuss these results. Further details will be announced at a later date.

 

Business Development Highlights

 

· Merck announced and successfully completed the acquisition of Imago BioSciences, Inc. (Imago), for an approximate total equity value of $1.35 billion, expanding Merck’s growing hematology portfolio.

 

· Merck announced that it has expanded its relationship and entered into an exclusive license and collaboration agreement with Kelun-Biotech (a holding subsidiary of Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd) to develop up to seven investigational preclinical antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for the treatment of cancer.

 

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Updates

 

· Merck was named one of America’s most JUST companies by JUST Capital and CNBC, ranking No. 1 in the pharmaceuticals and biotech industry for the third straight year and No. 26 overall of all companies named.

 

· Merck published its Sustainability Bond Allocation Report, which highlighted how the company’s initial $1.0 billion sustainability bond is helping to drive progress across ESG focus areas.

 

 
  - 5 -  

 

Fourth-Quarter and Full-Year Revenue Performance

 

The following table reflects sales of the company’s top pharmaceutical products, as well as sales of Animal Health products.

 

    Fourth Quarter     Year Ended  
$ in millions     2022     2021     Change       Change
Ex-Exchange
      Dec.  31,
2022
    Dec.  31,
2021
    Change       Change
Ex-Exchange
 
Total Sales   $ 13,830   $ 13,521     2 %     8 %   $ 59,283   $ 48,704     22 %     26 %
Pharmaceutical     12,180     12,039     1 %     9 %     52,005     42,754     22 %     28 %
KEYTRUDA     5,450     4,577     19 %     26 %     20,937     17,186     22 %     27 %
GARDASIL / GARDASIL 9     1,470     1,528     -4 %     6 %     6,897     5,673     22 %     27 %
LAGEVRIO     825     952     -13 %     2 %     5,684     952     ***       ***  
JANUVIA / JANUMET     913     1,393     -34 %     -29 %     4,513     5,288     -15 %     -9 %
PROQUAD, M-M-R II and VARIVAX     526     509     3 %     6 %     2,241     2,135     5 %     7 %
BRIDION     441     436     1 %     7 %     1,685     1,532     10 %     16 %
Lynparza*     292     268     9 %     14 %     1,116     989     13 %     18 %
Lenvima*     216     206     5 %     9 %     876     704     24 %     28 %
ROTATEQ     139     213     -35 %     -31 %     783     807     -3 %     0 %
SIMPONI     166     206     -19 %     -8 %     706     825     -14 %     -4 %
Animal Health     1,230     1,261     -2 %     6 %     5,550     5,568     0 %     6 %
Livestock     814     791     3 %     12 %     3,300     3,295     0 %     7 %
Companion Animals     416     470     -11 %     -5 %     2,250     2,273     -1 %     4 %
Other Revenues**     420     221     90 %     -25 %     1,728     382     ***       87 %

 

*Alliance revenue for this product represents Merck’s share of profits, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs.

**Other revenues are comprised primarily of revenues from third-party manufacturing arrangements and miscellaneous corporate revenues, including revenue-hedging activities.

***>100%

 

Pharmaceutical Revenue

 

Fourth-quarter pharmaceutical sales grew 1% to $12.2 billion. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange, pharmaceutical sales grew 9%, primarily driven by oncology and hospital acute care, partially offset by diabetes.

 

Growth in oncology was largely driven by higher sales of KEYTRUDA, which rose 19% to $5.5 billion in the quarter. Global sales growth of KEYTRUDA reflects continued strong momentum from metastatic indications including certain types of NSCLC, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancers, and increased uptake across recent earlier-stage launches, including certain types of neoadjuvant/adjuvant TNBC in the U.S. Also contributing to growth in oncology was increased alliance revenue from Lynparza, which grew 9% to $292 million, driven primarily by higher demand in the U.S. In addition, sales of WELIREG (belzutifan), an oral hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha inhibitor, increased to $40 million due to continued uptake in the U.S. following the product’s launch in 2021.

 

Growth in hospital acute care reflects higher sales of ZERBAXA (ceftolozane and tazobactam), a combination cephalosporin antibacterial and beta-lactamase inhibitor for the treatment of patients with certain bacterial infections. ZERBAXA sales of $49 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 increased from $10 million in the fourth quarter of 2021, reflecting uptake from the completion of the phased resupply in 2022 that was initiated in the fourth quarter of 2021. Growth in hospital acute care also reflects higher sales of PREVYMIS (letermovir), a medicine for prophylaxis of CMV infection and disease in adult CMV-seropositive recipients of an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, which increased 17% to $118 million, reflecting higher demand globally.

 

 
  - 6 -  

 

Vaccines sales performance reflects lower combined sales of GARDASIL and GARDASIL 9 (Human Papillomavirus 9-valent Vaccine, Recombinant), vaccines to prevent certain cancers and other diseases caused by HPV, which declined 4% to $1.5 billion. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange, GARDASIL/GARDASIL 9 sales grew 6%, reflecting higher demand outside of the U.S., particularly in China. Vaccines sales performance also reflects lower sales of PNEUMOVAX 23 (pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent), a vaccine to help prevent pneumococcal disease, which declined 50% to $145 million, primarily reflecting lower U.S. demand as the market continues to shift toward newer adult pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. In addition, sales of ROTATEQ (Rotavirus Vaccine, Live Oral, Pentavalent), a vaccine to help protect against rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and children, declined 35% to $139 million, primarily due to lower sales in China, which benefited in the fourth quarter of 2021 from increased supply, and lower sales in the U.S. largely due to the timing of public sector purchases. Vaccines sales performance benefited from the ongoing pediatric launch of VAXNEUVANCE (Pneumococcal 15-valent Conjugate Vaccine), a vaccine to help prevent invasive pneumococcal disease, which had sales of $138 million, largely due to inventory stocking in the U.S.

 

Pharmaceutical sales growth was partially offset by lower combined sales of JANUVIA (sitagliptin) and JANUMET (sitagliptin and metformin HCI), for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, which declined 34% to $913 million, primarily reflecting generic competition in certain international markets, particularly in Europe and the Asia Pacific region, and lower demand and net pricing in the U.S.

 

Sales of LAGEVRIO (molnupiravir), an investigational oral antiviral COVID-19 medicine, decreased 13% to $825 million. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange, sales increased 2%, primarily driven by strong growth in Japan and the U.K. and the launch in Australia, offset by a decline in the U.S.

 

Full-year 2022 pharmaceutical sales grew 22% to $52.0 billion. Pharmaceutical sales growth was 16% excluding LAGEVRIO and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange, primarily driven by higher sales in oncology, particularly KEYTRUDA, higher sales of vaccines, reflecting strong growth of GARDASIL/GARDASIL 9 and the ongoing pediatric launch of VAXNEUVANCE, as well as growth in hospital acute care products, including ZERBAXA and BRIDION (sugammadex) injection 100 mg/mL, a medicine for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium bromide or vecuronium bromide in adults and pediatric patients ages 2 years and older undergoing surgery. Pharmaceutical sales growth in 2022 was partially offset by lower sales of JANUVIA and JANUMET, primarily reflecting lower demand in Europe as a result of generic competition, and a decline in PNEUMOVAX 23 sales as the U.S. market continues to shift toward newer adult pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. COVID-19-related disruptions negatively affected sales in 2022, but to a lesser extent than in 2021, which benefited year-over-year sales growth.

 

 
  - 7 -  

 

Animal Health Revenue

 

Animal Health sales totaled $1.2 billion for the fourth quarter of 2022, a 2% decline compared with the fourth quarter of 2021. Excluding the unfavorable effect of foreign exchange, Animal Health sales increased 6%. Sales growth of livestock products reflects higher demand, notably in the ruminant and poultry product portfolio, which includes technology solutions products, as well as higher pricing. Sales of companion animal products were negatively impacted by a reduction in veterinary visits in the broader companion animal market following the more favorable trend during the pandemic, as well as supply constraints for certain vaccines, partially offset by higher pricing.

 

Full-year 2022 Animal Health sales were $5.5 billion, in line with the prior year. Excluding the unfavorable effect of foreign exchange, Animal Health sales grew 6%, primarily due to higher pricing. Full-year sales growth was also driven by higher demand of livestock products, led by ruminant, poultry and swine products. Sales of companion animal products also reflect higher demand for the BRAVECTO (fluralaner) parasiticide line of products, which had sales of $1.0 billion, partially offset by supply constraints for certain vaccines.

 

Fourth-Quarter and Full-Year Expense, EPS and Related Information

 

The tables below present selected expense information.

 

$ in millions   GAAP     Acquisition-
and
Divestiture-
Related Costs4
    Restructuring
Costs
    (Income) Loss
From
Investments in
Equity
Securities
    Certain
Other
Items
    Non-
GAAP2
 
Fourth Quarter 2022                                                
Cost of sales   $ 3,881     $ 482     $ 38     $ -     $ -     $ 3,361  
Selling, general and administrative     2,687       39       20       -       -       2,628  
Research and development     3,775       740       -       -       -       3,035  
Restructuring costs     49       -       49       -       -       -  
Other (income) expense, net     (75 )     (69 )     -       80       -       (86 )
                                                 
Fourth Quarter 2021                                                
Cost of sales   $ 3,873     $ 419     $ 47     $ -     $ (4 )   $ 3,411  
Selling, general and administrative     2,830       226       10       -       -       2,594  
Research and development     3,068       397       7       -       -       2,664  
Restructuring costs     174       -       174       -       -       -  
Other (income) expense, net     (333 )     (3 )     -       (381 )     -       51  

 

 
  - 8 -  

 

$ in millions

  GAAP     Acquisition-
and
Divestiture-
Related
Costs4
    Restructuring
Costs
    (Income) Loss
From
Investments in
Equity
Securities
    Certain
Other
Items
    Non-
GAAP2
 
Year Ended Dec. 31, 2022                                                
Cost of sales   $ 17,411     $ 2,059     $ 205     $ -     $ -     $ 15,147  
Selling, general and administrative     10,042       176       94       -       -       9,772  
Research and development     13,548       1,676       30       -       -       11,842  
Restructuring costs     337       -       337       -       -       -  
Other (income) expense, net     1,501       (207 )     -       1,348       -       360  
                                                 

Year Ended Dec. 31, 2021

                                               
Cost of sales   $ 13,626     $ 1,607     $ 160     $ -     $ 221     $ 11,638  
Selling, general and administrative     9,634       322       19       -       -       9,293  
Research and development     12,245       479       28       -       -       11,738  
Restructuring costs     661       -       661       -       -       -  
Other (income) expense, net     (1,341 )     76       -       (1,884 )     -       467  

 

GAAP Expense, EPS and Related Information

 

Gross margin was 71.9% for the fourth quarter of 2022 compared with 71.4% for the fourth quarter of 2021. The increase primarily reflects favorable product mix and foreign exchange. Gross margin was 70.6% for the full year of 2022 compared to 72.0% for the full year of 2021. The decline primarily reflects the unfavorable impacts of higher amortization of intangible assets, as well as higher revenue from third-party manufacturing arrangements and sales of LAGEVRIO, both of which have lower gross margins. The full-year gross margin decline was partially offset by the favorable effects of product mix, foreign exchange and charges in the prior year related to the discontinuation of COVID-19 development programs.

 

Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses were $2.7 billion in the fourth quarter of 2022, a decrease of 5% compared to the fourth quarter of 2021. The decrease primarily reflects lower acquisition- and divestiture-related costs and the favorable effect of foreign exchange, partially offset by higher promotional spending, as well as higher administrative costs. Full-year SG&A expenses were $10.0 billion, an increase of 4% compared to the full year of 2021. The increase primarily reflects higher administrative costs, as well as higher promotional spending, partially offset by the favorable impact of foreign exchange and lower acquisition- and divestiture-related costs.

 

R&D expenses were $3.8 billion in the fourth quarter of 2022, an increase of 23% compared to the fourth quarter of 2021. The increase was primarily driven by higher intangible asset impairment charges related to nemtabrutinib, which were $780 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 compared with $275 million in the fourth quarter of 2021, lower reimbursement of LAGEVRIO R&D costs from Ridgeback Biotherapeutics (Ridgeback), higher compensation and benefit costs reflecting in part increased headcount to support expanded clinical development activity, and higher clinical development spending. R&D expenses were $13.5 billion for the full year of 2022, an increase of 11% compared with the full year of 2021. The increase was primarily driven by higher intangible asset impairment charges, which were $1.7 billion in 2022 compared with $275 million in 2021, largely related to nemtabrutinib, $690 million of charges in 2022 related to collaboration and licensing agreements with Moderna, Orna Therapeutics (Orna) and Orion Corporation (Orion), as well as higher compensation and benefit costs and clinical development spending. The increase was partially offset by a $1.7 billion charge in the prior year for the acquisition of Pandion Therapeutics, Inc. (Pandion).

 

 

 

4 Includes expenses for the amortization of intangible assets and purchase accounting adjustments to inventories recognized as a result of acquisitions, intangible asset impairment charges and expense or income related to changes in the estimated fair value measurement of liabilities for contingent consideration. R&D expenses include intangible asset impairment charges of $780 million and $1.7 billion in fourth quarter and full year 2022, respectively, and $275 million in both fourth quarter and full year 2021, largely related to nemtabrutinib, which was obtained as part of the 2020 acquisition of ArQule, Inc. Also includes integration, transaction and certain other costs related to acquisitions and divestitures.

 

 
  - 9 -  

 

Other (income) expense, net, was $75 million of income in the fourth quarter of 2022 compared to $333 million of income in the fourth quarter of 2021. Other (income) expense, net, was $1.5 billion of expense in the full year of 2022 compared to $1.3 billion of income in the full year of 2021. The change in both periods is primarily due to net losses from investments in equity securities in 2022 compared with net gains from investments in equity securities in 2021.

 

The effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2022 of 14.1% reflects the unfavorable impact of a higher than anticipated full-year rate of 11.7% due to a less favorable mix of income and expense than previously anticipated, while the effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2021 of 2.2% reflects the favorable impact of a lower than previously expected full-year 2021 rate of 11.0%.

 

GAAP EPS was $1.18 for the fourth quarter of 2022 compared to $1.51 for the fourth quarter of 2021. GAAP EPS was $5.71 for the full year of 2022 compared to $4.86 for the full year of 2021.

 

Non-GAAP Expense, EPS and Related Information

 

Non-GAAP gross margin was 75.7% for the fourth quarter of 2022 compared to 74.8% for the fourth quarter of 2021. The increase primarily reflects the favorable effects of product mix and foreign exchange. Non-GAAP gross margin was 74.4% for the full year of 2022 compared to 76.1% for the full year of 2021. The decrease primarily reflects the impact of higher revenue from third-party manufacturing arrangements and sales of LAGEVRIO, both of which have lower gross margins, partially offset by the favorable effects of product mix and foreign exchange.

 

Non-GAAP SG&A expenses were $2.6 billion in the fourth quarter of 2022, an increase of 1% compared to the fourth quarter of 2021. Non-GAAP SG&A expenses for the full year were $9.8 billion, an increase of 5% compared to the full year of 2021. The increase in both periods primarily reflects higher administrative costs, as well as higher promotional spending, partially offset by the favorable impact of foreign exchange.

 

 
  - 10 -  

 

Non-GAAP R&D expenses were $3.0 billion in the fourth quarter of 2022, an increase of 14% compared with the fourth quarter of 2021. The increase was primarily driven by lower reimbursement of LAGEVRIO R&D costs from Ridgeback, higher compensation and benefit costs reflecting in part increased headcount to support expanded clinical development activity, and higher clinical development spending. Non-GAAP R&D expenses were $11.8 billion for the full year of 2022, an increase of 1% compared with the full year of 2021. The increase was primarily driven by $690 million of charges in 2022 related to collaboration and licensing agreements with Moderna, Orna and Orion, as well as higher compensation and benefit costs and clinical development spending. The increase was partially offset by a $1.7 billion charge in the prior year for the acquisition of Pandion.

 

Non-GAAP other (income) expense, net, was $86 million of income in the fourth quarter of 2022 compared to $51 million of expense in the fourth quarter of 2021. Non-GAAP other (income) expense, net, was $360 million of expense in the full year of 2022 compared to $467 million of expense in the full year of 2021.

 

The non-GAAP effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2022 of 15.6% reflects the unfavorable impact of a higher than anticipated full-year rate of 14.2% due to a less favorable mix of income and expense than previously anticipated, while the non-GAAP effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2021 of 4.3% reflects the favorable impact of a lower than previously expected full-year 2021 rate of 12.4%.

 

Non-GAAP EPS was $1.62 for the fourth quarter of 2022 compared to $1.81 for the fourth quarter of 2021. Non-GAAP EPS was $7.48 for the full year of 2022 compared to $5.37 for the full year of 2021.

 

 
  - 11 -  

 

A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP net income and EPS is provided in the table that follows.

 

    Fourth Quarter    

Year Ended

 
$ in millions, except EPS amounts     2022       2021       Dec. 31, 2022       Dec. 31, 2021  
EPS                                
GAAP EPS   $ 1.18     $ 1.51     $ 5.71     $ 4.86  
Difference     0.44       0.30       1.77       0.51  
Non-GAAP EPS that excludes items listed below2   $ 1.62     $ 1.81     $ 7.48     $ 5.37  
                                 
Net Income                                
GAAP net income1   $ 3,017     $ 3,820     $ 14,519     $ 12,345  
Difference     1,112       772       4,486       1,278  
Non-GAAP net income that excludes items listed below1,2   $ 4,129     $ 4,592     $ 19,005     $ 13,623  
                                 
Decrease (Increase) in Net Income Due to Excluded Items:                                
Acquisition- and divestiture-related costs4   $ 1,192     $ 1,039     $ 3,704     $ 2,484  
Restructuring costs     107       238       666       868  
Loss (income) from investments in equity securities     80       (381 )     1,348       (1,884 )
Charges for the discontinuation of COVID-19 development programs     -       -       -       221  
Other     -       (4 )     -       -  
Net decrease (increase) in income before taxes     1,379       892       5,718       1,689  
Income tax (benefit) expense5     (267 )     (120 )     (1,232 )     (411 )
Decrease (increase) in net income   $ 1,112     $ 772     $ 4,486     $ 1,278  

 

Financial Outlook

 

The following table summarizes the company’s full-year 2023 financial guidance.

 

    GAAP   Non-GAAP2
Revenue*   $57.2 to $58.7 billion   $57.2 to $58.7 billion
Gross margin   Approximately 73%   Approximately 77%
Operating expenses**   $23.3 to $24.3 billion   $23.1 to $24.1 billion
Effective tax rate   17% to 18%   17% to 18%
EPS***   $5.86 to $6.01   $6.80 to $6.95

 

*Includes approximately $1.0 billion of LAGEVRIO sales. The company does not have any non-GAAP adjustments to revenue.

**Includes an aggregate $1.4 billion of R&D expenses related to the Imago acquisition and upfront payment for a license and collaboration agreement with Kelun-Biotech.

***Includes $0.53 of charges related to the Imago acquisition and upfront payment to Kelun-Biotech. EPS guidance for 2023 assumes a share count (assuming dilution) of approximately 2.55 billion shares.

 

Merck anticipates full-year 2023 revenue to be between $57.2 billion and $58.7 billion, including a negative impact of foreign exchange of approximately 2% at mid-January 2023 exchange rates. The company expects a significant decline in sales of LAGEVRIO, which are expected to be approximately $1.0 billion.

 

Merck expects full-year 2023 GAAP EPS to be between $5.86 and $6.01.

 

 

 

5 Includes the estimated tax impact on the reconciling items. In addition, the amount for full-year 2021 includes a $207 million net tax benefit related to the settlement of certain federal income tax matters.

 

 
  - 12 -  

 

Merck expects full-year 2023 non-GAAP EPS to be between $6.80 and $6.95, including a negative impact of foreign exchange of approximately 4%. The non-GAAP range excludes acquisition- and divestiture-related costs, costs related to restructuring programs, as well as income and losses from investment in equity securities.

 

In the fourth quarter of 2022, Merck announced the acquisition of Imago for an approximate total value of $1.35 billion and a license and collaboration agreement with Kelun-Biotech, which includes an upfront payment of $175 million. The Imago acquisition closed in January 2023 and the collaboration with Kelun-Biotech is expected to close in the first quarter of 2023, resulting in the inclusion of an aggregate $1.4 billion of R&D expenses in Merck’s GAAP and non-GAAP results for the first quarter and full year of 2023. The Imago acquisition is also anticipated to result in an approximate 1 percentage point unfavorable impact to Merck’s expected full-year 2023 GAAP and non-GAAP tax rates. The impact of these two transactions on expected full-year 2023 GAAP and non-GAAP EPS is approximately $0.53. GAAP and non-GAAP EPS in 2022 were negatively impacted by $0.22 of charges related to the collaboration and licensing agreements with Moderna, Orna and Orion.

 

Operating expenses include incremental R&D spending to advance the development of the Imago and Kelun-Biotech programs, as well as other promising programs related to the collaboration and licensing agreements with Moderna, Orna and Orion.

 

The financial outlook does not assume additional significant potential business development transactions.

 

A reconciliation of anticipated 2023 GAAP EPS to non-GAAP EPS and the items excluded from non-GAAP EPS are provided in the table below.

 

$ in millions, except EPS amounts   Full Year 2023  
GAAP EPS   $5.86 to $6.01  
Difference   $0.94  
Non-GAAP EPS that excludes items listed below2   $6.80 to $6.95  
       
Acquisition- and divestiture-related costs  

$2,500

 
Restructuring costs   400  
(Income) loss from investments in equity securities   (20 )
Net decrease (increase) in income before taxes   $2,880  
Estimated income tax (benefit) expense   (480 )
Decrease (increase) in net income   $2,400  

 

Earnings Conference Call

 

Investors, journalists and the general public may access a live audio webcast of the earnings conference call on Thursday, Feb. 2, at 8:00 a.m. ET via this weblink. A replay of the webcast, along with the sales and earnings news release, supplemental financial disclosures, and slides highlighting the results, will be available at www.merck.com.

 

All participants may join the call by dialing (888) 769-8514 (U.S. Toll-Free) or (517) 308-9208 (International) and using the access code 8206435.

 

 
  - 13 -  

 

About Merck

 

At Merck, known as MSD outside of the United States and Canada, we are unified around our purpose: We use the power of leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. For more than 130 years, we have brought hope to humanity through the development of important medicines and vaccines. We aspire to be the premier research-intensive biopharmaceutical company in the world – and today, we are at the forefront of research to deliver innovative health solutions that advance the prevention and treatment of diseases in people and animals. We foster a diverse and inclusive global workforce and operate responsibly every day to enable a safe, sustainable and healthy future for all people and communities. For more information, visit www.merck.com and connect with us on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and LinkedIn.

 

Forward-Looking Statement of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., USA

 

This news release of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., USA (the “company”) includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of the company’s management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. There can be no guarantees with respect to pipeline candidates that the candidates will receive the necessary regulatory approvals or that they will prove to be commercially successful. If underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results may differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements.

 

Risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to, general industry conditions and competition; general economic factors, including interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations; the impact of the global outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19); the impact of pharmaceutical industry regulation and health care legislation in the United States and internationally; global trends toward health care cost containment; technological advances, new products and patents attained by competitors; challenges inherent in new product development, including obtaining regulatory approval; the company’s ability to accurately predict future market conditions; manufacturing difficulties or delays; financial instability of international economies and sovereign risk; dependence on the effectiveness of the company’s patents and other protections for innovative products; and the exposure to litigation, including patent litigation, and/or regulatory actions.

 

The company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Additional factors that could cause results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements can be found in the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and the company’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) available at the SEC’s Internet site (www.sec.gov).

 

###

 

 
  - 14 -  

 

Media Contacts: Investor Contacts:

 

Robert Josephson

(203) 914-2372

robert.josephson@merck.com

 

Michael Levey

(215) 872-1462

michael.levey@merck.com

 

Peter Dannenbaum

(908) 740-1037

peter.dannenbaum@merck.com

 

Steven Graziano

(908) 740-6582

steven.graziano@merck.com

 

 
 

 

MERCK & CO., INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME - GAAP

(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE FIGURES)

(UNAUDITED)

Table 1

 

On June 2, 2021, Merck completed the spinoff of products from its women’s health, biosimilars and established brands businesses into a new, independent, publicly traded company named Organon & Co. (Organon). The historical results of the businesses that were contributed to Organon in the spin-off are excluded from sales and expenses below and reflected as discontinued operations in the company’s Consolidated Statements of Income provided below.

 

    GAAP           GAAP        
      4Q22     4Q21     % Change       Full Year
2022
      Full Year
2021
      % Change  
Sales   $ 13,830     $ 13,521       2 %   $ 59,283     $ 48,704       22 %
                                                 
Costs, Expenses and Other                                                
Cost of sales     3,881       3,873       0 %     17,411       13,626       28 %
Selling, general and administrative     2,687       2,830       -5 %     10,042       9,634       4 %
Research and development     3,775       3,068       23 %     13,548       12,245       11 %
Restructuring costs     49       174       -72 %     337       661       -49 %
Other (income) expense, net     (75 )     (333 )     -77 %     1,501       (1,341 )     *
Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes     3,513       3,909       -10 %     16,444       13,879       18 %
Income Tax Provision     495       85               1,918       1,521          
Net Income from Continuing Operations     3,018       3,824       -21 %     14,526       12,358       18 %
Less: Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests     1       4               7       13          
Net Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.     3,017       3,820       -21 %     14,519       12,345       18 %
(Loss) Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Taxes and Amounts Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests     -       (62 )     *     -       704       *
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.   $ 3,017     $ 3,758       -20 %   $ 14,519     $ 13,049       11 %
                                                 
Basic Earnings (Loss) per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders:                                                
Income from Continuing Operations   $ 1.19     $ 1.51       -21 %   $ 5.73     $ 4.88       17 %
(Loss) Income from Discontinued Operations     -       (0.02 )     *       -       0.28       *
Net Income   $ 1.19     $ 1.49       -20 %   $ 5.73     $ 5.16       11 %
                                                 
Earnings (Loss) per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders:                                                
Income from Continuing Operations   $ 1.18     $ 1.51       -22 %   $ 5.71     $ 4.86       17 %
(Loss) Income from Discontinued Operations     -       (0.02 )     *     -       0.28       *
Net Income   $ 1.18     $ 1.48       -20 %   $ 5.71     $ 5.14       11 %
                                                 
Average Shares Outstanding     2,536       2,527               2,532       2,530          
Average Shares Outstanding Assuming Dilution     2,548       2,535               2,542       2,538          
Tax Rate from Continuing Operations     14.1 %     2.2 %             11.7 %     11.0 %        

 

* 100% or greater

 

 


 

MERCK & CO., INC.

FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2022 GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION - CONTINUING OPERATIONS

(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE FIGURES)

(UNAUDITED)

Table 2a

 

    GAAP     Acquisition and Divestiture-
Related Costs (1)
    Restructuring Costs (2)     (Income) Loss from
Investments in Equity
Securities
    Adjustment Subtotal     Non-GAAP  
Fourth Quarter                                    
Cost of sales   $ 3,881       482       38               520     $ 3,361  
Selling, general and administrative     2,687       39       20               59       2,628  
Research and development     3,775       740                       740       3,035  
Restructuring costs     49               49               49       -  
Other (income) expense, net     (75 )     (69 )             80       11       (86 )
Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes     3,513       (1,192 )     (107 )     (80 )     (1,379 )     4,892  
Income Tax Provision (Benefit)     495       (222 )(3)     (32 )(3)     (13 )(3)     (267 )     762  
Net Income from Continuing Operations     3,018       (970 )     (75 )     (67 )     (1,112 )     4,130  
Net Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.     3,017       (970 )     (75 )     (67 )     (1,112 )     4,129  
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution from Continuing Operations   $ 1.18       (0.38 )     (0.03 )     (0.03 )     (0.44 )   $ 1.62  
                                                 
Tax Rate     14.1 %                                     15.6 %
                                                 
Full Year                                                
Cost of sales   $ 17,411       2,059       205               2,264     $ 15,147  
Selling, general and administrative     10,042       176       94               270       9,772  
Research and development     13,548       1,676       30               1,706       11,842  
Restructuring costs     337               337               337       -  
Other (income) expense, net     1,501       (207 )             1,348       1,141       360  
Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes     16,444       (3,704 )     (666 )     (1,348 )     (5,718 )     22,162  
Income Tax Provision (Benefit)     1,918       (809 )(3)     (129 )(3)     (294 )(3)     (1,232 )     3,150  
Net Income from Continuing Operations     14,526       (2,895 )     (537 )     (1,054 )     (4,486 )     19,012  
Net Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.     14,519       (2,895 )     (537 )     (1,054 )     (4,486 )     19,005  
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution from Continuing Operations   $ 5.71       (1.14 )     (0.21 )     (0.42 )     (1.77 )   $ 7.48  
                                                 
Tax Rate     11.7 %                                     14.2 %

 

Only the line items that are affected by non-GAAP adjustments are shown.

 

Merck is providing certain non-GAAP information that excludes certain items because of the nature of these items and the impact they have on the analysis of underlying business performance and trends. Management believes that providing non-GAAP information enhances investors’ understanding of the company’s results because management uses non-GAAP measures to assess performance. Management uses non-GAAP measures internally for planning and forecasting purposes and to measure the performance of the company along with other metrics. In addition, senior management’s annual compensation is derived in part using a non-GAAP pretax income metric. The non-GAAP information presented should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for or superior to, information prepared in accordance with GAAP.

 

(1) Amounts included in cost of sales primarily reflect expenses for the amortization of intangible assets. Amounts included in selling, general and administrative expenses reflect integration, transaction and certain other costs related to acquisitions and divestitures. Amounts included in research and development expenses for the fourth quarter and full year primarily reflect $780 million and $1.7 billion, respectively, of intangible asset impairment charges largely related to nemtabrutinib, which was obtained as part of the 2020 ArQule, Inc. acquisition, and expenses for the amortization of intangible assets, partially offset by a reduction in expenses related to changes in the estimated fair value of liabilities for contingent consideration. Amounts included in other (income) expense, net, for the fourth quarter and full year reflect royalty income and decreases in the estimated fair value measurement of liabilities for contingent consideration related to the prior termination of the Sanofi-Pasteur MSD joint venture. 

 

(2) Amounts primarily include employee separation costs and accelerated depreciation associated with facilities to be closed or divested related to activities under the company's formal restructuring programs.

 

(3) Represents the estimated tax impacts on the reconciling items based on applying the statutory rate of the originating territory of the non-GAAP adjustments.

 

 


 

MERCK & CO., INC.
FRANCHISE / KEY PRODUCT SALES - CONTINUING OPERATIONS
(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS)
(UNAUDITED)
Table 3

 

      2022     2021     4Q   Full Year  
      1Q     2Q     3Q     4Q     Full Year     1Q     2Q     3Q     4Q     Full Year     Nom %   Ex-Exch %   Nom %   Ex-Exch %  
TOTAL SALES (1)   $ 15,901   $ 14,593   $ 14,959   $ 13,830   $ 59,283   $ 10,627     $ 11,402     $ 13,154     $ 13,521   $ 48,704     2   8   22   26  
   PHARMACEUTICAL     14,107     12,756     12,963     12,180     52,005     9,238       9,980       11,496       12,039     42,754     1   9   22   28  
      Oncology                                                                                      
Keytruda     4,809     5,252     5,426     5,450     20,937     3,899       4,176       4,534       4,577     17,186     19   26   22   27  
Alliance Revenue – Lynparza (2)     266     275     284     292     1,116     228       248       246       268     989     9   14   13   18  
Alliance Revenue – Lenvima (2)     227     231     202     216     876     130       181       188       206     704     5   9   24   28  
Alliance Revenue – Reblozyl (3)     52     33     39     41     166                             17     17     145   145   *   *  
      Vaccines (4)                                                                                      
Gardasil / Gardasil 9     1,460     1,674     2,294     1,470     6,897     917       1,234       1,993       1,528     5,673     -4   6   22   27  
ProQuad / M-M-R II / Varivax     470     578     668     526     2,241     449       516       661       509     2,135     3   6   5   7  
RotaTeq     216     173     256     139     783     158       208       227       213     807     -35   -31   -3   0  
Pneumovax 23     173     153     131     145     602     171       152       277       292     893     -50   -47   -33   -30  
Vaqta     36     35     64     39     173     34       56       48       41     179     -5   -2   -3   -2  
      Hospital Acute Care                                                                                      
Bridion     395     426     423     441     1,685     340       387       369       436     1,532     1   7   10   16  
Prevymis     94     103     114     118     428     82       93       96       100     370     17   28   16   24  
Dificid     52     66     77     67     263     27       34       54       60     175     12   12   50   50  
Primaxin     58     64     63     54     239     65       60       70       65     259     -17   -7   -8   -4  
Noxafil     57     60     62     58     238     67       66       64       62     259     -5   7   -8   -1  
Invanz     52     46     50     40     189     57       48       53       45     202     -10   -2   -7   -1  
Cancidas     53     42     43     36     174     57       54       56       45     212     -19   -10   -18   -14  
Zerbaxa     30     46     43     49     169     (8 )     (1 )     (2 )     10     (1 )   *   *   *   *  
      Cardiovascular                                                                                      
Alliance Revenue - Adempas/Verquvo (5)     72     98     88     82     341     74       74       100       94     342     -12   -12   -   -  
Adempas (6)     61     63     57     57     238     55       74       59       63     252     -10   6   -6   7  
      Virology                                                                                      
Lagevrio     3,247     1,177     436     825     5,684                             952     952     -13   2   *   *  
Isentress / Isentress HD     158     147     161     167     633     209       192       189       178     769     -7   -1   -18   -13  
      Neuroscience                                                                                      
Belsomra     69     69     62     59     258     79       78       81       80     318     -27   -14   -19   -9  
      Immunology                                                                                      
Simponi     186     181     173     166     706     214       202       203       206     825     -19   -8   -14   -4  
Remicade     61     53     49     44     207     85       75       73       67     299     -34   -22   -31   -21  
      Diabetes (7)                                                                                      
Januvia     779     756     717     561     2,813     809       784       852       878     3,324     -36   -31   -15   -11  
Janumet     454     476     417     353     1,700     486       477       487       514     1,964     -31   -25   -13   -7  
      Other Pharmaceutical (8)     520     479     564     685     2,249     554       512       518       533     2,118     29   37   6   12  
                                                                                       
   ANIMAL HEALTH     1,482     1,467     1,371     1,230     5,550     1,418       1,472       1,417       1,261     5,568     -2   6   -   6  
      Livestock     832     826     829     814     3,300     819       821       864       791     3,295     3   12   -   7  
      Companion Animals     650     641     542     416     2,250     599       651       553       470     2,273     -11   -5   -1   4  
   Other Revenues (9)     312     370     625     420     1,728     (29 )     (50 )     241       221     382     90   -25   *   87  

 

* 200% or greater

 

Sum of quarterly amounts may not equal year-to-date amounts due to rounding.

 

(1) Only select products are shown.

 

(2) Alliance Revenue represents Merck’s share of profits, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs.

 

(3) Alliance Revenue represents royalties and a milestone payment.

 

(4) Total Vaccines sales were $2,481 million, $2,709 million, $3,552 million and $2,554 million in the first, second, third and fourth quarter of 2022, respectively, and $1,809 million, $2,293 million, $3,315 million and $2,715 million in the first, second, third and fourth quarter of 2021, respectively.

 

(5) Alliance Revenue represents Merck's share of profits from sales in Bayer's marketing territories, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs.

 

(6) Net product sales in Merck's marketing territories.

 

(7) Total Diabetes sales were $1,305 million, $1,300 million, $1,231 million and $1,012 million in the first, second, third quarter and fourth quarter of 2022, respectively, and $1,363 million, $1,330 million, $1,417 million and $1,475 million in the first, second, third and fourth quarter of 2021, respectively.

 

(8) Includes Pharmaceutical products not individually shown above. 

 

(9) Other Revenues are comprised primarily of revenues from third-party manufacturing arrangements and miscellaneous corporate revenues, including revenue-hedging activities.  Other Revenues related to the receipt of upfront and milestone payments for out-licensed products were $114 million, $32 million, $10 million and $10 million in the first, second, third and fourth quarter of 2022, respectively, and $56 million, $135 million and $27 million in the first, third and fourth quarter of 2021, respectively.

 

 

 

EX-99.2 3 tm235007d1_ex99-2.htm EXHIBIT 99.2

 

Exhibit 99.2

 

MERCK & CO., INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME - GAAP

(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE FIGURES)

(UNAUDITED)

Table 1a 

 

      2022       2021       % Change  
      1Q       2Q       3Q       4Q       Full Year       1Q       2Q       3Q       4Q       Full Year       4Q       Full Year  
Sales   $ 15,901     $ 14,593     $ 14,959     $ 13,830     $ 59,283     $ 10,627     $ 11,402     $ 13,154     $ 13,521     $ 48,704       2 %     22 %
                                                                                                 
Costs, Expenses and Other                                                                                                
Cost of sales     5,380       4,216       3,934       3,881       17,411       3,199       3,104       3,450       3,873       13,626       0 %     28 %
Selling, general and administrative     2,323       2,512       2,520       2,687       10,042       2,187       2,281       2,336       2,830       9,634       -5 %     4 %
Research and development     2,576       2,798       4,399       3,775       13,548       2,412       4,321       2,445       3,068       12,245       23 %     11 %
Restructuring costs     53       142       94       49       337       297       82       107       174       661       -72 %     -49 %
Other (income) expense, net     708       438       429       (75 )     1,501       (455 )     (103 )     (450 )     (333 )     (1,341 )     -77 %     *  
Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes     4,861       4,487       3,583       3,513       16,444       2,987       1,717       5,266       3,909       13,879       -10 %     18 %
Income Tax Provision     554       538       330       495       1,918       238       503       695       85       1,521                  
Net Income from Continuing Operations     4,307       3,949       3,253       3,018       14,526       2,749       1,214       4,571       3,824       12,358       -21 %     18 %
Less: Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests     (3 )     5       5       1       7       4       1       4       4       13                  
Net Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.     4,310       3,944       3,248       3,017       14,519       2,745       1,213       4,567       3,820       12,345       -21 %     18 %
Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations, Net of Taxes and Amounts Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests     -       -       -       -       -       434       332       -       (62 )     704       *       *  
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.   $ 4,310     $ 3,944     $ 3,248     $ 3,017     $ 14,519     $ 3,179     $ 1,545     $ 4,567     $ 3,758     $ 13,049       -20 %     11 %
                                                                                                 
Basic Earnings (Loss) per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders:                                                                                                
Income from Continuing Operations   $ 1.70     $ 1.56     $ 1.28     $ 1.19     $ 5.73     $ 1.08     $ 0.48     $ 1.81     $ 1.51     $ 4.88       -21 %     17 %
Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations     -       -       -       -       -       0.17       0.13       -       (0.02 )     0.28       *       *  
Net Income   $ 1.70     $ 1.56     $ 1.28     $ 1.19     $ 5.73     $ 1.26     $ 0.61     $ 1.81     $ 1.49     $ 5.16       -20 %     11 %
                                                                                                 
Earnings (Loss) per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders:                                                                                                
Income from Continuing Operations   $ 1.70     $ 1.55     $ 1.28     $ 1.18     $ 5.71     $ 1.08     $ 0.48     $ 1.80     $ 1.51     $ 4.86       -22 %     17 %
Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations     -       -       -       -       -       0.17       0.13       -       (0.02 )     0.28       *       *  
Net Income   $ 1.70     $ 1.55     $ 1.28     $ 1.18     $ 5.71     $ 1.25     $ 0.61     $ 1.80     $ 1.48     $ 5.14       -20 %     11 %
                                                                                                 
Average Shares Outstanding     2,528       2,531       2,533       2,536       2,532       2,531       2,533       2,530       2,527       2,530                  
Average Shares Outstanding Assuming Dilution     2,537       2,540       2,542       2,548       2,542       2,541       2,540       2,536       2,535       2,538                  
Tax Rate from Continuing Operations     11.4 %     12.0 %     9.2 %     14.1 %     11.7 %     8.0 %     29.3 %     13.2 %     2.2 %     11.0 %                

 

* 100% or greater

 

Sum of quarterly amounts may not equal year-to-date amounts due to rounding.                                                                                                

 

 


  

MERCK & CO., INC.
FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2021 GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION - CONTINUING OPERATIONS
(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE FIGURES)
(UNAUDITED)
Table 2b

 

In 2022, the company changed the treatment of certain items for purposes of its non-GAAP reporting.  Historically, Merck’s non-GAAP results excluded expenses for upfront and milestone payments related to collaborations and licensing agreements, as well as charges related to pre-approval assets obtained in transactions accounted for as asset acquisitions, to the extent the charges were considered by the company to be significant to the results of a particular period (as well as any related adjustments recorded in a subsequent period).  Beginning in 2022, Merck’s non-GAAP results no longer exclude charges related to these items.  Results for 2021 have been recast to conform to the new presentation.
 
The table below reflects a reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial information on a continuing operations basis.  As Organon results are reflected within discontinued operations, they are excluded from the financial information provided below.

 

      GAAP     Acquisition and Divestiture-
Related Costs (1)
    Restructuring Costs (2)     (Income) Loss from
Investments in Equity
Securities
    Certain Other Items     Adjustment Subtotal       Non-GAAP  
Fourth Quarter                                              
Cost of sales   $ 3,873     419     47           (4 )   462     $ 3,411  
Selling, general and administrative     2,830     226     10                 236       2,594  
Research and development     3,068     397     7                 404       2,664  
Restructuring costs     174           174                 174       -  
Other (income) expense, net     (333 )   (3 )         (381 )         (384 )     51  
Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes     3,909     (1,039 )   (238 )   381     4     (892 )     4,801  
Income Tax Provision (Benefit)     85     (163 )(4)    (39 )(4)    84 (4)    (2 )(4)    (120 )     205  
Net Income from Continuing Operations     3,824     (876 )   (199 )   297     6     (772 )     4,596  
Net Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.     3,820     (876 )   (199 )   297     6     (772 )     4,592  
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution from Continuing Operations   $ 1.51     (0.34 )   (0.08 )   0.12     -     (0.30 )   $ 1.81  
                                               
Tax Rate     2.2 %                                   4.3 %
                                               
Full Year                                              
Cost of sales   $ 13,626     1,607     160           221 (3)    1,988     $ 11,638  
Selling, general and administrative     9,634     322     19                 341       9,293  
Research and development     12,245     479     28                 507       11,738  
Restructuring costs     661           661                 661       -  
Other (income) expense, net     (1,341 )   76           (1,884 )         (1,808 )     467  
Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes     13,879     (2,484 )   (868 )   1,884     (221 )   (1,689 )     15,568  
Income Tax Provision (Benefit)     1,521     (446 )(4)    (121 )(4)    415 (4)    (259 )(4)    (411 )     1,932  
Net Income from Continuing Operations     12,358     (2,038 )   (747 )   1,469     38     (1,278 )     13,636  
Net Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.     12,345     (2,038 )   (747 )   1,469     38     (1,278 )     13,623  
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution from Continuing Operations   $ 4.86     (0.80 )   (0.30 )   0.58     0.01     (0.51 )   $ 5.37  
                                               
Tax Rate     11.0 %                                   12.4 %

 

Only the line items that are affected by non-GAAP adjustments are shown. 

 

Merck is providing certain non-GAAP information that excludes certain items because of the nature of these items and the impact they have on the analysis of underlying business performance and trends. Management believes that providing non-GAAP information enhances investors’ understanding of the company’s results because management uses non-GAAP measures to assess performance. Management uses non-GAAP measures internally for planning and forecasting purposes and to measure the performance of the company along with other metrics. In addition, senior management’s annual compensation is derived in part using a non-GAAP pretax income metric. The non-GAAP information presented should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for or superior to, information prepared in accordance with GAAP.  

 

(1) Amounts included in cost of sales primarily reflect expenses for the amortization of intangible assets.  Amounts included in selling, general and administrative expenses reflect integration, transaction and certain other costs related to acquisitions and divestitures, including $169 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition of Acceleron Pharma Inc. (Acceleron) in 2021.  Amounts included in research and development expenses primarily reflect a $275 million in-process research and development (IPR&D) impairment charge related to nemtabrutinib, which was obtained as part of the 2020 ArQule, Inc. acquisition, $105 million of Acceleron transaction costs, and expenses for the amortization of intangible assets.  Amounts included in other (income) expense, net, reflect increases in the estimated fair value measurement of liabilities for contingent consideration and royalty income related to the prior termination of the Sanofi-Pasteur MSD joint venture.  Additionally, the full year includes a loss on a forward exchange contract entered into in conjunction with the Organon spin-off. 

 

(2) Amounts primarily include employee separation costs and accelerated depreciation associated with facilities to be closed or divested related to activities under the company's formal restructuring programs.  

 

(3) Reflects charges for the discontinuation of COVID-19 development programs. 

 

(4) Represent the estimated tax impacts on the reconciling items based on applying the statutory rate of the originating territory of the non-GAAP adjustments.  Certain other items for the full year also includes a $207 million net tax benefit related to the settlement of certain federal income tax matters.

 

 


 

MERCK & CO., INC.
FRANCHISE / KEY PRODUCT SALES - CONTINUING OPERATIONS
FOURTH QUARTER 2022
(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS)
(UNAUDITED)
Table 3a

 

    Global     U.S.     International  
    4Q 2022     4Q 2021     % Change     4Q 2022     4Q 2021     % Change     4Q 2022     4Q 2021     % Change  
TOTAL SALES (1)   $ 13,830     $ 13,521       2     $ 6,279     $ 6,259       -     $ 7,551     $ 7,262       4  
  PHARMACEUTICAL     12,180       12,039       1       5,871       5,790       1       6,309       6,249       1  
    Oncology                                                                        
Keytruda     5,450       4,577       19       3,378       2,657       27       2,071       1,920       8  
Alliance Revenue - Lynparza (2)      292       268       9       157       144       9       135       123       9  
Alliance Revenue - Lenvima (2)      216       206       5       154       131       18       62       75       -18  
Alliance Revenue - Reblozyl (3)      41       17       145       36               100       6       17       -66  
    Vaccines (4)                                                                        
Gardasil / Gardasil 9     1,470       1,528       -4       262       275       -5       1,207       1,253       -4  
ProQuad / M-M-R II / Varivax     526       509       3       387       374       4       139       135       3  
Pneumovax 23     145       292       -50       66       193       -66       79       99       -20  
RotaTeq     139       213       -35       82       109       -25       57       105       -46  
Vaqta     39       41       -5       23       20       14       16       21       -24  
    Hospital Acute Care                                                                        
Bridion     441       436       1       257       218       18       183       218       -16  
Prevymis     118       100       17       52       42       25       65       58       12  
Dificid     67       60       12       57       57       -1       10       3       *  
Noxafil     58       62       -5       13       11       11       46       50       -9  
Primaxin     54       65       -17       1       1       -53       53       64       -16  
Zerbaxa     49       10       *       25       9       169       24       1       *  
Invanz     40       45       -10               (3 )     -86       41       48       -15  
Cancidas     36       45       -19       1               *       35       45       -21  
    Cardiovascular                                                                        
Alliance Revenue - Adempas/Verquvo (5)      82       94       -12       85       90       -6       (2 )     4       -166  
Adempas (6)      57       63       -10                               57       63       -10  
    Virology                                                                        
Lagevrio     825       952       -13               632       -100       825       320       158  
Isentress / Isentress HD     167       178       -7       78       72       7       89       106       -16  
    Neuroscience                                                                        
Belsomra     59       80       -27       19       22       -12       39       58       -32  
    Immunology                                                                        
Simponi     166       206       -19                               166       206       -19  
Remicade     44       67       -34                               44       67       -34  
    Diabetes (7)                                                                        
Januvia     561       878       -36       290       407       -29       271       472       -43  
Janumet     353       514       -31       97       123       -21       255       391       -35  
    Other Pharmaceutical (8)     685       533       29       351       206       70       336       327       3  
                                                                         
  ANIMAL HEALTH     1,230       1,261       -2       396       395       -       834       866       -4  
    Livestock     814       791       3       188       158       19       626       633       -1  
    Companion Animals     416       470       -11       208       237       -12       208       233       -10  
                                                                         
  Other Revenues (9)     420       221       90       12       74       -84       408       147       178  

 

* 200% or greater 

 

Sum of U.S. plus international may not equal global due to rounding. 

 

(1) Only select products are shown. 

 

(2) Alliance Revenue represents Merck’s share of profits, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs. 

 

(3) Alliance Revenue represents royalties. 

 

(4) Total Vaccines sales were $2,554 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 and $2,715 million in the fourth quarter of 2021. 

 

(5) Alliance Revenue represents Merck's share of profits from sales in Bayer's marketing territories, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs. 

 

(6) Net product sales in Merck's marketing territories. 

 

(7) Total Diabetes sales were $1,012 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 and $1,475 million in the fourth quarter of 2021. 

 

(8) Includes Pharmaceutical products not individually shown above. 

 

(9) Other Revenues are comprised primarily of revenues from third-party manufacturing arrangements and miscellaneous corporate revenues, including revenue-hedging activities.  Other Revenues related to the receipt of upfront and milestone payments for out-licensed products were $10 million in the fourth quarter of 2022, and $27 million in the fourth quarter of 2021.

 

 


 

MERCK & CO., INC.
FRANCHISE / KEY PRODUCT SALES - CONTINUING OPERATIONS
FULL YEAR 2022
(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS)
(UNAUDITED)
Table 3b

 

    Global     U.S.     International  
    Full Year 2022     Full Year 2021     % Change     Full Year 2022     Full Year 2021     % Change     Full Year 2022     Full Year 2021     % Change  
TOTAL SALES (1)   $ 59,283     $ 48,704       22     $ 27,206     $ 22,425       21     $ 32,077     $ 26,279       22  
  PHARMACEUTICAL     52,005       42,754       22       24,989       20,401       22       27,016       22,353       21  
    Oncology                                                                        
Keytruda     20,937       17,186       22       12,686       9,765       30       8,251       7,421       11  
Alliance Revenue - Lynparza (2)      1,116       989       13       584       515       13       532       473       12  
Alliance Revenue - Lenvima (2)      876       704       24       579       417       39       297       287       3  
Alliance Revenue - Reblozyl (3)      166       17       *       123               100       43       17       153  
    Vaccines (4)                                                                        
Gardasil / Gardasil 9     6,897       5,673       22       2,065       1,881       10       4,832       3,792       27  
ProQuad / M-M-R II / Varivax     2,241       2,135       5       1,724       1,629       6       518       506       2  
RotaTeq     783       807       -3       508       473       8       275       334       -18  
Pneumovax 23     602       893       -33       346       547       -37       256       346       -26  
Vaqta     173       179       -3       95       100       -4       78       79       -2  
    Hospital Acute Care                                                                        
Bridion     1,685       1,532       10       922       762       21       762       770       -1  
Prevymis     428       370       16       188       153       23       240       218       10  
Dificid     263       175       50       241       166       45       22       10       130  
Primaxin     239       259       -8       1       2       -9       238       258       -8  
Noxafil     238       259       -8       51       60       -14       187       199       -6  
Invanz     189       202       -7       4       (5 )     -171       185       207       -11  
Cancidas     174       212       -18       6       4       51       168       208       -19  
Zerbaxa     169       (1 )     *       89       4       *       79       (5 )     *  
    Cardiovascular                                                                        
Alliance Revenue - Adempas/Verquvo (5)      341       342       -       329       312       5       12       30       -62  
Adempas (6)      238       252       -6                               238       252       -6  
    Virology                                                                        
Lagevrio     5,684       952       *       1,523       632       141       4,161       320       *  
Isentress / Isentress HD     633       769       -18       274       294       -7       359       474       -24  
    Neuroscience                                                                        
Belsomra     258       318       -19       79       78       2       179       241       -26  
    Immunology                                                                        
Simponi     706       825       -14                               706       825       -14  
Remicade     207       299       -31                               207       299       -31  
    Diabetes (7)                                                                        
Januvia     2,813       3,324       -15       1,248       1,404       -11       1,565       1,920       -18  
Janumet     1,700       1,964       -13       355       367       -3       1,344       1,597       -16  
    Other Pharmaceutical (8)     2,249       2,118       6       969       841       15       1,282       1,275       1  
                                                                         
  ANIMAL HEALTH     5,550       5,568       -       1,822       1,758       4       3,728       3,810       -2  
    Livestock     3,300       3,295       -       710       667       6       2,590       2,628       -1  
    Companion Animals     2,250       2,273       -1       1,112       1,091       2       1,138       1,182       -4  
                                                                         
  Other Revenues (9)     1,728       382       *       395       266       48       1,333       116       *    

 

* 200% or greater

 

Sum of U.S. plus international may not equal global due to rounding.

 

(1) Only select products are shown.  

 

(2) Alliance Revenue represents Merck’s share of profits, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs.

 

(3) Alliance Revenue represents royalties and a milestone payment.

 

(4) Total Vaccines sales were $11,297 million and $10,132 million on a global basis for December YTD 2022 and 2021, respectively.

 

(5) Alliance Revenue represents Merck's share of profits from sales in Bayer's marketing territories, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs.

 

(6) Net product sales in Merck's marketing territories.

 

(7) Total Diabetes sales were $4,848 million and $5,584 million on a global basis for December YTD 2022 and 2021, respectively.

 

(8) Includes Pharmaceutical products not individually shown above.

 

(9) Other Revenues are comprised primarily of revenues from third-party manufacturing arrangements and miscellaneous corporate revenues, including revenue-hedging activities. Other Revenues related to the receipt of upfront and milestone payments for out-licensed products were $165 million and $218 million on a global basis for December YTD 2022 and 2021 respectively.

 

 


 

MERCK & CO., INC.
PHARMACEUTICAL GEOGRAPHIC SALES - CONTINUING OPERATIONS
(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS)
(UNAUDITED)
Table 3c

 

    2022     2021     % Change  
    1Q     2Q     3Q     4Q     Full Year     1Q     2Q     3Q     4Q     Full Year     4Q     Full Year  
TOTAL PHARMACEUTICAL   $ 14,107     $ 12,756     $ 12,963     $ 12,180     $ 52,005     $ 9,238     $ 9,980     $ 11,496     $ 12,039     $ 42,754       1       22  
United States     6,773       5,726       6,620       5,871       24,989       4,294       4,647       5,670       5,790       20,401       1       22  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     48.0 %     44.9 %     51.1 %     48.2 %     48.1 %     46.5 %     46.6 %     49.3 %     48.1 %     47.7 %                
Europe (1)     3,309       2,677       2,427       2,494       10,906       2,276       2,404       2,445       2,655       9,780       -6       12  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     23.5 %     21.0 %     18.7 %     20.5 %     21.0 %     24.6 %     24.1 %     21.3 %     22.1 %     22.9 %                
China     1,113       1,355       1,419       1,216       5,102       688       944       1,278       1,352       4,262       -10       20  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     7.9 %     10.6 %     10.9 %     10.0 %     9.8 %     7.4 %     9.5 %     11.1 %     11.2 %     10.0 %                
Japan     965       1,092       653       832       3,542       607       637       614       771       2,629       8       35  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     6.8 %     8.6 %     5.0 %     6.8 %     6.8 %     6.6 %     6.4 %     5.3 %     6.4 %     6.1 %                
Asia Pacific (other than China and Japan)     786       854       702       691       3,034       437       442       450       488       1,817       42       67  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     5.6 %     6.7 %     5.4 %     5.7 %     5.8 %     4.7 %     4.4 %     3.9 %     4.1 %     4.2 %                
Latin America     435       453       511       472       1,871       353       379       434       421       1,587       12       18  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     3.1 %     3.6 %     3.9 %     3.9 %     3.6 %     3.8 %     3.8 %     3.8 %     3.5 %     3.7 %                
Eastern Europe/Middle East/Africa     450       339       360       320       1,469       357       318       362       278       1,315       15       12  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     3.2 %     2.7 %     2.8 %     2.6 %     2.8 %     3.9 %     3.2 %     3.1 %     2.3 %     3.1 %                
Canada     189       166       166       158       678       160       157       164       167       650       -6       4  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     1.3 %     1.3 %     1.3 %     1.3 %     1.3 %     1.7 %     1.6 %     1.4 %     1.4 %     1.5 %                
Other     87       94       105       126       414       66       52       79       117       313       8       32  
% Pharmaceutical Sales     0.6 %     0.6 %     0.9 %     1.0 %     0.8 %     0.8 %     0.4 %     0.8 %     0.9 %     0.8 %                

 

Sum of quarterly amounts may not equal year-to-date amounts due to rounding.

 

(1) Europe represents all European Union countries, the European Union accession markets and the United Kingdom.

 

 


 

MERCK & CO., INC.
OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET - GAAP
(AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS)
(UNAUDITED)
Table 4

 

OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET

 

      4Q22     4Q21     Full Year
2022
      Full Year
2021
 
Interest income   $ (95 )   $ (9 )   $ (157 )   $ (36 )
Interest expense     235       208       962       806  
Exchange losses     17       95       237       297  
Loss (income) from investments in equity securities, net (1)      59       (403 )     1,419       (1,940 )
Net periodic defined benefit plan cost (credit) other than service cost     (71 )     (53 )     (279 )     (212 )
Other, net     (220 )     (171 )     (681 )     (256 )
Total   $ (75 )   $ (333 )   $ 1,501     $ (1,341 )

 

(1) Includes net realized and unrealized gains and losses from investments in equity securities either owned directly or through ownership interests in investment funds.  Unrealized gains and losses from investments that are directly owned are determined at the end of the reporting period, while gains and losses from ownership interests in investment funds are accounted for on a one quarter lag.