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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes  x   No  o 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.      o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).     Yes   o     No  x

The registrant had outstanding 126,762,314 shares of common stock as of November 3, 2023.

(Unaudited)

(Unaudited)

(Unaudited)

(Unaudited)

						39 Weeks Ended
(U.S. Dollars presented in millions)						September 24, 2023						September 25, 2022
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income						$	145.9					$	140.0
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation						34.9						35.1
Amortization of intangibles						11.6						13.2
Restructuring charges, net of cash payments						(13.9)						7.3
Amortization of finance fees						1.7						—
Stock-based compensation						13.2						8.1
Asset impairment charge						—						26.0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable						60.1						(22.9)
Inventories						103.9						(113.1)
Other current assets						6.9						11.9
Accounts payable						(42.8)						6.8
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities						9.2						24.5
Other items						5.8						(19.0)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES						336.5						117.9
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures(a)						(21.4)						(32.2)
Proceeds from the disposition of assets						0.3						—
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES						(21.1)						(32.2)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Issuance of long-term and short-term debt						55.0						—
Repayments of long-term and short-term debt						(327.5)						—
Repurchase of common stock						(15.6)						—
Payments of employee taxes withheld from share-based awards						(3.0)						—
Repayment of finance leases						(1.0)						(0.6)
Related party borrowings						—						2,224.2
Related party repayments						—						(2,424.1)
Net contributions from Fortune Brands						—						113.2
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES						(292.1)						(87.3)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents						(1.9)						(5.8)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS						$	21.4					$	(7.4)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period						$	101.1					$	141.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period						$	122.5					$	134.0

(a)Capital expenditures of $3.7 million and $3.9 million that have not been paid as of September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively, were excluded from the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

(Unaudited)

Background MasterBrand, Inc. is a leading manufacturer of residential cabinets in North America with a portfolio of leading residential cabinetry products for the kitchen, bathroom and other parts of the home. References to “Cabinets,” “MasterBrand,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to MasterBrand, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.

•Separation and Distribution Agreement – sets forth the principal actions to be taken in connection with the Separation, including the transfer of assets and assumption of liabilities, among others, and sets forth other agreements governing aspects of the relationship between MasterBrand and Fortune Brands.

•Transition Services Agreement – allows for Fortune Brands and MasterBrand to provide certain transition services to each other for a limited time, up to 24 months following the Separation.

•Tax Allocation Agreement – governs the respective rights, responsibilities and obligations of MasterBrand and Fortune Brands with respect to tax liabilities and benefits, tax attributes, tax contests and other matters regarding income taxes, non-income taxes and related tax returns.

•Employee Matters Agreement – addresses certain employment, compensation and benefits matters, including the allocation and treatment of certain assets and liabilities relating to MasterBrand employees.

Basis of Presentation The accompanying financial statements are now presented on a consolidated basis as the Company is a standalone public company. We have historically existed and functioned as a reporting segment of the consolidated business of Fortune Brands up until the Separation on December 14, 2022, at which time we became a standalone public company. Certain information from prior to the Separation was derived from Fortune Brands’ consolidated financial statements and accounting records. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes to condensed consolidated financial statements as of and subsequent to December 14, 2022, the date of the Separation, reflect the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for MasterBrand as an independent company. Prior to the Separation, the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes to condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared on a carve-out basis using the financial statements and accounting records of Fortune Brands. The carve-out basis financial statements represent the historical financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of MasterBrand as they were historically managed in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and reflect significant assumptions and allocations. The carve-out financial statements may not include all expenses that would have been incurred had MasterBrand existed as a standalone entity.

Our consolidated financial statements are based on a 52- or 53-week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in December in each calendar year. Our fiscal 2023 will consist of 53 weeks ending on December 31, 2023, while our fiscal 2022 consisted of 52 weeks ended on December 25, 2022.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, as well as the related condensed consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows, and equity for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022 are unaudited. The presentation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial statements have been included. Interim results may not be indicative of results for a full year.

The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are presented pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and do not contain certain information included in our audited consolidated financial statements and notes. The 2022 condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022.

The condensed consolidated statements of income include all revenues and costs directly attributable to our business, including costs for facilities, functions, and services we utilize. The condensed consolidated statements of income also include an allocation of expenses related to certain Fortune Brands corporate functions through the Separation, including information technology, finance, executive, human resources, supply chain, internal audit, governance and legal services. These expenses have been allocated based on direct usage or benefit where specifically identifiable, with the remainder allocated on a proportional cost allocation method based primarily on net sales, employee headcount, or number of facilities, as applicable. Prior to the Separation, total expenses allocated for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022 were $28.1 million and $69.2 million, respectively, of which $23.6 million and $52.6 million, respectively, was not previously allocated to us. Such amounts are primarily included within selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income. We consider the expense methodology and resulting allocation to be reasonable; however, the allocations may not be indicative of actual expenses that would have been incurred had we operated as an independent, publicly-traded company in the prior year period presented. Actual costs that we may have incurred during the time period when we were not a standalone company would depend on a number of factors, including the chosen organizational structure, whether functions were outsourced or performed by our employees and strategic decisions made in areas such as manufacturing, selling and marketing, research and development, information technology and infrastructure. Accordingly, historical allocations may not be indicative of future costs we incur operating as an independent, publicly-traded company.

The condensed consolidated statements of income also include $0.1 million and $2.3 million of costs related to the separation from Fortune Brands for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, respectively, and $3.5 million and $3.7 million for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022. The Separation-related costs include advisory fees, professional fees and other transaction related costs incurred directly by us. These costs are included within selling, general and administrative expenses.

The income tax amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements have been calculated on a separate-return method and presented as if our operations were separate taxpayers in the respective jurisdictions. For the period prior to the Separation in 2022, including the Separation, federal and state income tax payments and refunds were paid and received by Fortune Brands on our behalf. The net taxes paid on our behalf are payable to Fortune Brands, as provided in the indemnification provisions of the Tax Allocation Agreement. Accordingly, the net tax payable of $32.6 million to Fortune Brands at both September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022, is recorded in accounts payable on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Following the Separation, a limited number of services that Fortune Brands provided to us, or we provided to them, prior to the Separation continue to be provided for a period of time under a Transition Services Agreement. Throughout fiscal 2023, we have incurred certain costs as a standalone public company, including services provided by our own resources or through third-party service providers relating to corporate functions, including information technology, finance, executive, human resources, supply chain, internal audit, governance and legal services, as well as ongoing additional costs associated with operating as an independent, publicly-traded company.

Fortune Brands utilized a central approach to treasury management, and prior to the Separation, we historically participated in related cash pooling arrangements prior to the Separation. Our cash and cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated balance sheets represent cash balances held in bank accounts owned by the Company and its subsidiaries. Prior to the Separation, we had no third-party borrowings, and all borrowings attributable to our business and due to Fortune Brands were recorded as “related party payable” in our consolidated balance sheets and classified as current or noncurrent based on loan maturity dates. Fortune Brands’ third-party debt and related interest expense were not attributed to us as we were not the legal obligor of the debt, and the borrowings were not specifically identifiable to us. However, in connection with the Separation, we completed a financing transaction, which resulted in additional interest expense beginning in the fourth quarter of 2022. See Note 9, "Debt," for additional information related to our financing transaction. For more information regarding related party transactions with Fortune Brands, see Note 15, "Related Party Transactions."

During the fourth quarter of 2022, we recognized $8.7 million of additional expense in cost of goods sold as an out-of-period adjustment. This adjustment was to correct errors for expenses that should have been recognized of $5.1 million, $1.6 million and $2.0 million in the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2022, June 26, 2022 and September 25, 2022, respectively. The adjustment did not have any impact on our annual consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022.

Tornado at Jackson, GA Production Facility On January 12, 2023, a tornado hit the Company’s leased Jackson, Georgia production facility, causing damage to the Company’s assets and disrupting certain operations. Insurance, less applicable deductibles, covers the repair or replacement of the Company’s assets that suffered loss or damage, and the Company is working closely with its insurance carriers and claims adjusters to ascertain the full amount of insurance proceeds due to the Company as a result of the damages and the losses the Company suffered. The Company’s insurance policies also provide business interruption coverage, including lost profits, and reimbursement for other expenses and costs that have been incurred relating to the damages and losses suffered. In the first quarter of 2023, the Company incurred expenses of $9.4 million solely related to damages caused by the tornado. These expenses included compensation costs that we continued to pay skilled labor at the Jackson facility to enable a timely ramp up of production upon re-opening the facility on March 27, 2023, the first day of our fiscal second quarter of 2023, as well as the write-off of damaged inventory, freight costs to move product to other warehouses and professional fees to secure and maintain the site. No expenses related to the tornado were incurred in either the second or third quarter of 2023, and at this time, we do not expect to incur any additional costs related to this matter. For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, we received $2.0 million and $4.2 million, respectively, of insurance proceeds for direct costs caused by the tornado. Both the expenses and insurance recoveries are recorded as a component of cost of products sold in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Subsequent to September 24, 2023, we received and recognized an additional $3.2 million of insurance proceeds during our fiscal fourth quarter, representing the final payment under the claim. Upon receipt of this payment, we consider this claim to be closed.

Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted

There are no recently issued accounting pronouncements that we have adopted and which have had a material effect on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Accounting Standards Issued, But Not Yet Adopted

There are no recently issued accounting pronouncements that we have not yet adopted that are expected to have a material effect on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Our principal performance obligations are the sale of high quality stock, semi-custom and premium cabinetry, as well as vanities, for the kitchen, bath and other parts of the home (collectively, “goods” or “products”). We recognize revenue for the sale of goods based on our assessment of when control transfers to our customers, which generally occurs upon shipment or delivery of the products. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods to our customers. Payment terms on our product sales normally range from 30 to 90 days. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that we collect are excluded from revenue. The expected costs associated with our contractual warranties are recognized as expense when the products are sold. See Note 13, "Contingencies and Accrued Losses," for further discussion.

We record estimates to reduce revenue for customer programs and incentives, which are considered variable consideration, and include price discounts, volume-based incentives, promotions and cooperative advertising when revenue is recognized in order to determine the amount of consideration the Company will ultimately be entitled to receive. These estimates are based on historical and projected experience for each type of customer. In addition, for certain customer program incentives, we receive an identifiable benefit (goods or services) in exchange for the consideration given and record the associated expenditure in selling, general and administrative expenses. We account for shipping and handling costs that occur after the customer has obtained control of a product as a fulfillment activity (i.e., as an expense) rather than as a promised service (i.e., as a revenue element). These costs are classified within selling, general and administrative expenses.

Settlement of our outstanding accounts receivable balances normally occurs within 30 to 90 days of the original sale transaction date. Obligations arise for us from customer rights to return our goods, including among others, product obsolescence, stock rotations, trade-in agreements for newer products and upon termination of a customer contract. We estimate future product returns at the time of sale based on historical experience and record a corresponding refund obligation, which amounted to $2.3 million and $3.0 million as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022, respectively. Refund obligations are classified within other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Return assets related to the refund obligation are measured at the carrying amount of the goods at the time of sale, less any expected costs to recover the goods and any expected reduction in value.

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers into (i) major sales distribution channels in the U.S. and (ii) total sales to customers outside the U.S. market, as these categories depict the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows that are affected by economic factors. The following table disaggregates our consolidated revenue by major sales distribution channels for 2023 and 2022.

a)Represents sales to domestic dealers whose end customers include builders, professional trades and home remodelers, inclusive of sales through our dealers’ respective internet website portals.

b)Represents sales to domestic “Do-It-Yourself” retailers, including our two largest customers: 1) The Home Depot, Inc., and 2) Lowe’s Companies, Inc., inclusive of sales through their respective internet website portals.

c)Represents sales directly to domestic builders.

d)Represents sales in markets outside the United States, principally in Canada and Mexico.

Incremental costs of obtaining a contract include only those costs the Company incurs that would not have been incurred if the contract had not been obtained. These costs are required to be recognized as assets and amortized over the period that the related goods or services transfer to the customer. As a practical expedient, we expense as incurred costs to obtain a contract when the expected amortization period is one year or less. These costs are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.

Our primary allowance for credit losses is the allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts reduces the trade accounts receivable balance to the estimated net realizable value that is expected to be collected. The allowance is based on assessments of current creditworthiness of customers, historical collection experience, the aging of receivables and other currently available evidence. Trade accounts receivable balances are written-off against the allowance if a final determination of uncollectibility is made. All provisions for allowances for doubtful collection of accounts are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

The following table summarizes the activity for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022:

						13 Weeks Ended												39 Weeks Ended
(In millions)						September 24, 2023						September 25, 2022						September 24, 2023						September 25, 2022
Beginning balance						$	6.1					$	9.2					$	11.6					$	2.5
Bad debt provision						0.8						1.9						1.5						9.8
Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries						(1.6)						(1.5)						(7.8)						(2.7)
Ending balance						$	5.3					$	9.6					$	5.3					$	9.6

        

4. Earnings Per Share

On December 14, 2022, 128.0 million MasterBrand common shares were distributed to Fortune Brands’ shareholders in conjunction with the Separation. For comparative purposes, the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022 have been retroactively recast to reflect the effects of the changes in equity structure resulting from the Reorganization, Separation and Distribution and assume the same basic weighted average shares. For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, diluted earnings per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive stock awards that are outstanding. For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, which was prior to the Separation, it is assumed that there are no dilutive securities as there were no stock-based awards of MasterBrand, Inc. outstanding.

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the numerator and the denominator of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022:

For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, approximately 0.3 million and 0.8 million shares of stock granted under share-based compensation plans, respectively, are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

Supplemental information on our balance sheets is as follows:

(a) The payable to Fortune Brands of $33.1 million and $44.1 million as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022, respectively, includes various items Fortune Brands paid on our behalf, for which we owe reimbursement, including income taxes incurred prior to the Separation of $32.6 million, and amounts owed to Fortune for transition services performed in accordance with the Transition Services Agreement.

We had goodwill of $924.6 million and $924.2 million as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022, respectively. The change in the net carrying amount of goodwill was as follows:

The gross carrying value and accumulated amortization by class of intangible assets as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022 were as follows:

There were no impairments of goodwill or indefinite-lived assets for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset might be impaired. There were no triggering events requiring an impairment assessment be conducted in the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023. However, it is possible that future changes in circumstances would require the Company to record additional non-cash impairment charges.

In the second quarter of 2022, subsequent to the balance sheet date, we recognized an impairment charge of $26.0 million related to an indefinite-lived tradename. During the second quarter of 2022, production was shifted within our manufacturing footprint to enable what we expect to be a higher value purpose and growth opportunity, which led to downward revisions to forecasted revenue growth rates associated with the tradename. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we recognized an impairment charge of $12.8 million related to the same indefinite-lived tradename as a result of further shifts within our product portfolio to better align with forecasted future customer demand as a result of a significant decrease in sales during the fourth quarter of 2022, driven by continued and persistent inflation, as well as elevated interest rates and economic uncertainty. These downward revisions to forecasted revenue growth were not known when recording the impairment charge during the second quarter of 2022. As of both September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022, the carrying value of this tradename was $46.2 million.

In the fourth quarter of 2022, we recognized an impairment charge of $7.6 million to a second indefinite-lived tradename. This was primarily due to a shift in customer demand from this tradename to a lower price point product, as a result of continued and persistent inflation as well as elevated interest rates and economic uncertainty. As of both September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022, the carrying value of this tradename was $19.1 million.

We do not enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We principally use financial instruments to reduce the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The principal derivative financial instruments we enter into on a routine basis are foreign exchange contracts. Derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value. The counterparties to derivative contracts are major financial institutions. We are subject to credit risk on these contracts equal to the fair value of these instruments. Management currently believes that the risk of incurring material losses is unlikely and that the losses, if any, would be immaterial to the Company.

We account for derivative instruments as follows:

•Derivative instruments that are designated as fair value hedges - The gain or loss on the derivative instrument, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item, are recognized in the same line of the condensed consolidated statements of income.

•Derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges - The changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are reported in other comprehensive income and are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income when the hedged item affects earnings. The recognized gain or loss on the derivative instrument, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item, are recognized in the same line of the condensed consolidated statements of income.

•Derivative instruments that are designated as net investment hedges - The changes in fair value of the derivative instrument are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income when realized upon sale or upon complete or substantially complete liquidation of the investment in the foreign entity.

As of and for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022, we have only entered into foreign currency forward contracts, some of which have been designated as fair value hedges and some of which have been designated as cash flow hedges. We may enter into foreign currency forward contracts to protect against foreign exchange risks associated with certain existing assets and liabilities, forecasted future cash flows, and net investments in foreign subsidiaries. Foreign exchange contracts related to forecasted future cash flows correspond to the periods of the forecasted transactions, which generally do not exceed 12 to 15 months subsequent to the latest balance sheet date.

Our primary foreign currency hedge contracts pertain to the Mexican peso and the Canadian dollar. The gross U.S. dollar equivalent notional amount of all foreign currency derivative hedges outstanding at September 24, 2023 was $51.1 million, representing a net settlement asset of $3.3 million. Based on foreign exchange rates as of September 24, 2023, we estimate that the $2.3 million of net derivative gains associated with cash flow hedges and included in accumulated other comprehensive income as of September 24, 2023 will be reclassified to earnings within the next twelve months.

The fair values of foreign exchange derivative instruments on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022 were:

The effects of derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022 were:

The unrealized holding gains from cash flow hedges recognized in other comprehensive income during the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023 were $1.6 million. There were no unrealized holding gains from cash flow hedges recognized in other comprehensive income during the thirteen weeks ended September 25, 2022. The unrealized holding gains from cash flow hedges recognized in other comprehensive income during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022 were $8.1 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

ASC requirements for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures establish a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels. Level 1 inputs, the highest priority, are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs reflect other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are either observable directly or through corroboration with observable market data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs due to little or no market activity for the asset or liability, such as internally-developed valuation models. We do not have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis that are Level 3, except for certain assumptions in estimating the fair value of indefinite-lived tradenames, as discussed in Note 8, “Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022 were as follows:

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s debt as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022, including the carrying value of the debt less debt issuance costs:

On November 18, 2022, the Company entered into a 5-year, $1.25 billion credit agreement, consisting of a $750.0 million term loan and a $500.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2022 Credit Agreement”). Initial proceeds from the 2022 Credit Agreement were received at the time of Separation from Fortune Brands and were used to fund the dividend paid to Fortune Brands, with any future proceeds to be used for general corporate purposes. The 2022 Credit Agreement is secured by certain assets as well as the guarantee of certain of our subsidiaries. The $750.0 million term loan has quarterly required amortization payments that began in March 2023.

During the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023, the Company made total payments of $28.1 million on the term loan, consisting of a $4.7 million required payment due September 2023, and $23.4 million of required amortization payments due during each of the next three quarters. Additionally, the revolving credit facility was paid in full during the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023. Total amounts outstanding under the term loan as of September 24, 2023 were $712.5 million. The revolving credit facility did not have an outstanding balance as of September 24, 2023. Total amounts outstanding under the term loan and revolving credit facility as of December 25, 2022 were $750.0 million and $235.0 million, respectively.

Interest rates under these facilities are variable based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) at the time of the borrowing, and the Company’s net leverage ratio as measured by net leverage to our consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“Consolidated EBITDA”). Interest rates can range from SOFR plus 1.85 percent to SOFR plus 2.60 percent. Net leverage is defined as consolidated total indebtedness minus certain cash and cash equivalents. Consolidated EBITDA is defined as consolidated net income before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, losses from asset impairments, and certain other one-time adjustments. The net leverage ratio could not exceed 3.875 to 1.0 at the initial borrowing through the second fiscal quarter of 2023, adjusting downward in various future quarters before settling at 3.25 to 1.0 in January 2025. The Company also is required to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio, defined as Consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest expense, of 3.0 to 1.0.

The Company’s 2022 Credit Agreement contains additional covenants which limit or preclude certain corporate actions based upon the measurement of certain financial covenant metrics. The Company believes it was in compliance with all of its debt covenants as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022.

Interest paid on debt was $14.4 million and $49.1 million for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, respectively. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we incurred indebtedness in connection with the Separation and Distribution, which resulted in the recognition of interest expense. Prior to the Separation, we had no third-party borrowings. We did not record any material capitalized interest during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 or September 25, 2022.

For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, we recognized restructuring charges of $1.4 million and $4.1 million, respectively. For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, we recognized restructuring charges of $9.6 million and $10.9 million, respectively. Restructuring charges for all periods presented are largely related to severance costs and other employee-related costs in order to better align our workforce with our forecasted demand within our manufacturing footprint.

(a) Cash expenditures primarily related to severance charges.

The components of net periodic (benefit) cost for pension and other postretirement plans for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively, are as set forth in the tables below. Service cost is classified as either a component of cost of products sold or within selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income, based on the nature of the job responsibilities of the associates participating in the plans. All other components of net periodic (benefit) cost are classified as other expense (income), net in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

We generally record warranty expense related to contractual warranty terms at the time of sale. We may also provide customer concessions for claims made outside of the contractual warranty terms and those expenses are recorded in the period in which the concession is made. We offer our customers various warranty terms based on the type of product that is sold. Warranty expense is determined based on historic claim experience and the nature of the product category. The following table summarizes activity related to our product warranty liability for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022.

The Company is a defendant in lawsuits that are ordinary routine litigation matters incidental to our business and operations. In addition, other matters, including tax assessments, audits, claims and governmental investigations and proceedings covering a wide range of matters are pending against us. It is not possible to predict the outcome of the pending actions, and, as with any such matters, it is possible that these actions could be decided unfavorably to the Company. The Company believes that there are meritorious defenses to these actions and that these actions will not have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition, and where appropriate, these actions are being vigorously contested. Accordingly, the Company believes the likelihood of material loss is remote. However, such matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and unfavorable rulings or other events could occur. The Company regularly undergoes tax audits in various jurisdictions in which our products are sold or manufactured. In the future, such costs or an unfavorable outcome could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

We reserve for remediation activities to clean up potential environmental liabilities as required by federal and state laws based on our best estimate of undiscounted future costs, excluding possible insurance recoveries or recoveries from other third parties. There were no material environmental accruals as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022.

(1) Using the currency exchange rate of 0.058 U.S. dollars per Mexican peso. The tax assessment was 944,813,870 Mexican pesos.

Total accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income consists of net income and other changes in business equity from transactions and other events from sources other than stockholders. It includes currency translation gains and losses, realized gains and losses from derivative instruments designated as hedges, and adjustments related to our defined benefit and other postretirement benefit plans. The after-tax components of, and changes in, accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 were as follows:

The reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022 were as follows:

The accompanying financial statements are now presented on a consolidated basis as the Company is a standalone public company. Certain information from prior to the Separation on December 14, 2022 was derived from Fortune Brands consolidated financial statements and accounting records. Transactions between MasterBrand and Fortune Brands prior to the Separation have been presented as related party transactions in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. After the Separation, Fortune Brands is not considered a related party of MasterBrand.

Fortune Brands performed, and continues to perform in limited areas under a Transition Services Agreement, certain corporate functions, including information technology, finance, executive, human resources, supply chain, internal audit, governance and legal services on behalf of the Company. The expenses associated with these functions have been allocated based on direct usage or benefit where specifically identifiable, with the remainder allocated on a proportional cost allocation method based primarily on net sales, employee headcount, or number of facilities, as applicable. Prior to the Separation, total expenses allocated were $28.1 million and $69.2 million for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, respectively, and such amounts are primarily included within selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income. These amounts include costs of $23.6 million and $52.6 million for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, respectively, that were not historically allocated to us as part of Fortune Brands’ normal periodic management reporting process. We consider the expense methodology and resulting allocation to be reasonable for all periods presented; however, the allocations may not be indicative of actual expenses that would have been incurred had we operated as an independent, publicly-traded company for the prior year periods presented. Actual costs that we may have incurred had we been a standalone company would depend on a number of factors, including the chosen organizational structure, whether functions were outsourced or performed by our employees and strategic decisions made in areas such as manufacturing, selling and marketing, research and development, information technology and infrastructure.

Cash Management

Fortune Brands utilized a central approach to treasury management, and prior to the Separation, we historically participated in related cash pooling arrangements to maximize the availability of cash for general operating and investing purposes. Under these cash pooling arrangements in the United States, cash balances were remitted regularly from our accounts. Our cash and cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated balance sheets represent cash balances held in bank accounts owned by the Company and its subsidiaries.

Share-Based Compensation

Prior to the Separation, our employees participated in Fortune Brands stock-based compensation plans, the costs of which have been allocated and recorded in cost of products sold, and selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income, based on the nature of the job responsibilities of the associates participating in the plans. Stock-based compensation costs related to our employees for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022 were $2.7 million and $8.1 million, respectively, and are included within the total expenses allocated, as noted above.

Related Party Sales

There were no material sales to or from Fortune Brands or its subsidiaries for any of the periods presented.

Balances Due to and From Related Parties

After the Separation, Fortune Brands is not considered a related party of MasterBrand. As such, there were no related party receivables or payables outstanding as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022. Refer to Note 5, "Balance Sheet Information," for additional details of the accounts payable due from MasterBrand to Fortune Brands as of September 24, 2023 and December 25, 2022.

Prior to the Separation, the related party note receivable balance was the amount owed to the Company and its subsidiaries from Fortune Brands. We had written interest-bearing loan agreements in place with Fortune Brands. The receivable balance consisted of excess cash remitted to the Parent’s cash pooling arrangements, net of expenses incurred by us which were paid for by Fortune Brands. The loan agreements were to mature on April 14, 2026, but all amounts under these agreements were settled prior to the Separation. The receivable balance earned interest at a rate in-line with the Fortune Brands’ short-term borrowing rate, which was between 2.75 percent and 3.50 percent and between 0.95 percent and 3.50 percent during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, respectively.

Prior to the Separation, the related party note payable balance was a note payable between a subsidiary of the Company and Fortune Brands. The balance comprised of a revolving loan that was due at the maturity of the agreement on April 15, 2026, but was settled prior to the Separation. The note bore interest at rates ranging between 3.00 percent and 3.75 percent and between 1.20 percent and 3.75 percent during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, respectively.

The Company received interest income on related party receivables of $4.9 million and $8.4 million during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, respectively. Additionally, the Company incurred interest expense on intercompany payables and notes of $0.6 million and $1.1 million for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, respectively.

16. Stock Repurchase Program

On May 9, 2023, we announced our authorization of a stock repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to $50.0 million of MasterBrand common stock over a twenty-four month period at management’s discretion for general corporate purposes. As a result of this authorization, we may repurchase shares from time to time through open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, block trades or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans and under Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The timing and amount of our purchases will depend upon prevailing market conditions, our available capital resources, our financial and operational performance, alternative uses of capital and other factors. We may limit or terminate the repurchase program at any time.

During the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, we repurchased 942,918 and 1,347,776 shares of our common stock under this program, respectively. The shares were repurchased at a cost of approximately $11.5 million and $15.9 million, respectively, or an average of $12.23 and $11.83 per share, respectively, during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023. As of September 24, 2023, $34.1 million remained authorized for purchase under our stock repurchase program.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” regarding business strategies, market potential, future financial performance, and other matters. Statements preceded by, followed by or that otherwise include the word “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “projects,” “estimates,” “plans,” “may increase,” “may fluctuate,” and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would,” “may,” and “could,” are generally forward-looking in nature and not historical facts. Where, in any forward-looking statement, we express an expectation or belief as to future results or events, such expectation or belief is based on the current plans and expectations of our management. Although we believe that these statements are based on reasonable assumptions, they are subject to numerous factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially different from those indicated in such statements. These factors include those listed under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 within Part I, Item 1A, in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 26, 2023 within Part II, Item 1A and in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

The forward-looking statements included in this document are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and, except pursuant to any obligations to disclose material information under the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to update, amend or clarify any forward-looking statements to reflect events, new information or circumstances occurring after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any such forward-looking statements include:

◦Our ability to develop and expand our business;

◦Our anticipated financial resources and capital spending;

◦Our ability to manage costs;

◦The impact of our dependence on third parties with respect to sourcing our raw materials;

◦Our ability to accurately price our products;

◦Our anticipated future revenues and expectations of operational performance;

◦The effects of competition and consolidation of competitors in our industry;

◦Costs of complying with evolving tax and other regulatory requirements and the effect of actual or alleged violations of tax, environmental or other laws;

◦The effect of climate change and unpredictable seasonal and weather factors;

◦Failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the separation from Fortune Brands;

◦Conditions in the housing market in the United States and Canada;

◦The expected strength of our existing customers and consumers;

◦Worldwide economic, geopolitical and business conditions and risks associated with doing business on a global basis;

◦Unfavorable or unexpected effects of the distribution and separation from Fortune Brands;

◦The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic or another public health crisis or other unexpected event; and

◦Other statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q regarding items that are not historical facts or that involve predictions.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is a supplement to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of MasterBrand and its consolidated subsidiaries and provides additional information on our business, recent developments, financial condition, liquidity and capital resources, cash flows and results of operations.

MD&A is organized as follows:

•Overview: This section provides a general description of our business, as well as recent developments we believe are important in understanding our results of operations and financial condition or in understanding anticipated future trends.

•Separation from Fortune Brands: This section provides a general discussion of our Separation from Fortune Brands.

•Basis of Presentation: This section provides a discussion of the basis on which our condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared, including our historical results of operations and adjustments thereto, primarily allocations of general corporate expenses from Fortune Brands.

•Results of Operations: Our consolidated financial statements are based on a 52- or 53-week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in December in each calendar year. This section provides an analysis of our results of operations for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods that ended on September 24, 2023 as compared to September 25, 2022. Unless the context otherwise requires, references to years and quarters contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q pertain to our fiscal years and fiscal quarters. Additionally, unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to: (1) “2023,” or “fiscal 2023” refers to our 2023 fiscal year that is a 53-week period that will end on December 31, 2023; and (2) “2022,” or “fiscal 2022” refers to our 2022 fiscal year that was a 52-week period that ended on December 25, 2022. Furthermore, unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to: (1) “the third quarter of 2023” refers to the thirteen week period that ended on September 24, 2023; (2) “the third quarter of 2022” refers to the thirteen week period that ended on September 25, 2022; (3) “the first three quarters of 2023” refers to the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023; and (4) “the first three quarters of 2022” refers to the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022.

•Liquidity and Capital Resources: This section provides a discussion of our financial condition and an analysis of our cash flows for our thirty-nine week period that ended on September 24, 2023 as compared to our thirty-nine week period that ended on September 25, 2022. This section also provides a discussion of our ability to fund our future commitments and ongoing operating activities through internal and external sources of capital.

•Recently Issued Accounting Standards: This section identifies our adoption of recently issued accounting standards.

•Critical Accounting Estimates: This section identifies and summarizes those accounting policies that significantly impact our reported results of operations and financial condition and require significant judgment or estimates on the part of management in their application.

Founded nearly 70 years ago, we are the largest manufacturer of residential cabinets in North America. Our superior product quality, innovative design and service excellence drive a compelling value proposition. We have insight into the fashion and features consumers desire, which we use to tailor our product lines across price points. Our volume leadership allows us to achieve an advantaged cost structure and service platform by standardizing product platforms and components to the greatest extent possible—resulting in an improved facility footprint and an efficient supply chain. Further, our decades of experience have informed how we use global geographies to optimize procurement and manufacturing costs. Finally, with the most extensive dealer network throughout the United States and Canada, we have an advantaged distribution model that cannot be easily replicated. We expect to further extend our competitive advantages by using technology and data to enhance the consumer’s experience from visualization to ordering to delivery and installation.

•Separation and Distribution Agreement – sets forth the principal actions to be taken in connection with the Separation, including the transfer of assets and assumption of liabilities, among others, and sets forth other agreements governing aspects of the relationship between MasterBrand and Fortune Brands.

•Transition Services Agreement – allows for Fortune Brands and MasterBrand to provide certain transition services to each other for a limited time, up to 24 months following the Separation.

•Tax Allocation Agreement – governs the respective rights, responsibilities and obligations of MasterBrand and Fortune Brands with respect to tax liabilities and benefits, tax attributes, tax contests and other matters regarding income taxes, non-income taxes and related tax returns.

•Employee Matters Agreement – addresses certain employment, compensation and benefits matters, including the allocation and treatment of certain assets and liabilities relating to MasterBrand employees.

Separating the Cabinets segment into a standalone publicly-traded company significantly enhances the long-term growth and return prospects of our Company and offers substantially greater long-term value to stockholders, customers and employees. Moreover, separating the Cabinets segment into an independent, standalone company with publicly-traded stock provides our Company with a number of benefits, including:

•Strategic and Management Focus: The Separation enables our management team to better focus on strengthening our market-leading business and pursue targeted opportunities for long-term growth, profitability, and value creation. Like many of our competitors and peers, we believe that we will be more effective in managing our capital structure with credit tied more specifically to our industry and business performance and achieving greater margin expansion by focusing on our operational effectiveness specific to its products. A dedicated management team and board of directors streamlines operational and strategic decision-making, and ensures management incentives are optimized and aligned with our strategic priorities and financial objectives are in line with our industry.

•Resource Allocation and Capital Deployment: The Separation provides us with an opportunity to implement a tailored capital structure that ties specifically to our industry and business that provides greater financial and operational flexibility and increased agility. We are better positioned to more effectively allocate resources to address unique operating needs relating to our manufacturing and marketing requirements within our specific markets, invest in strategic priorities that will maximize long-term potential, and manage capital return strategies. Our unique operating needs are tailored towards enhancing the standardization of our processes, including with respect to our supply chain, and the specific manufacturing needs of our products, and strengthening our lean manufacturing capabilities. The Separation provides an opportunity for us to more effectively focus on these unique operating needs and markets.

•Distinct Investment Opportunities and Investor Choice: The Separation creates a compelling investment opportunity for investors based on our unique operating model and financial profile. It also provides investors with enhanced insight into our distinct value drivers and allows for more targeted investment decisions.

Our consolidated financial statements are based on a 52- or 53-week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in December in each calendar year and have been principally derived from the consolidated financial statements of our Company and its consolidated subsidiaries using the historical results of operations, and historical basis of assets and liabilities. Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our historical financial statements through the date of Separation include allocations of expenses related to certain Fortune Brands corporate functions, including information technology, finance, executive, human resources, supply chain, internal audit, governance and legal services. These expenses have been allocated based on direct usage or benefit where specifically identifiable, with the remainder allocated on a proportional cost allocation method based primarily on net sales, employee headcount or number of facilities, as applicable. Prior to the Separation, total expenses allocated for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022 were $28.1 million and $69.2 million, respectively, of which $23.6 million and $52.6 million, respectively, was not previously allocated to us. Such amounts are primarily included within selling, general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of income. We consider the expense methodology and resulting allocation to be reasonable for all periods presented; however, the allocations may not be indicative of actual expenses that would have been incurred had we operated as an independent, publicly-traded company for the periods presented. Actual costs that we may have incurred had we been a standalone company would depend on a number of factors, including the chosen organizational structure, whether functions were outsourced or performed by our employees and strategic decisions made in areas such as manufacturing, selling and marketing, research and development, information technology and infrastructure. Accordingly, historical allocations may not be indicative of future costs we incur operating as an independent, publicly-traded company.

The income tax amounts in our condensed consolidated financial statements have been calculated on a separate return method and presented as if our operations were separate taxpayers in the respective jurisdictions. For the period prior to the Separation in 2022, including the Separation, federal and state income tax payments and refunds were paid and received by Fortune Brands on our behalf. The net taxes paid on our behalf are payable to Fortune Brands, as provided in the indemnification provisions of the Tax Allocation Agreement. Accordingly, the net tax payable of $32.6 million to Fortune Brands as of September 24, 2023, is recorded in accounts payable on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Following the Separation, a limited number of services that Fortune Brands provided to us, or we provided to them, prior to the Separation continue to be provided for a period of time under a Transition Services Agreement. We are now incurring certain costs as a standalone public company, including services provided by our own resources or through third-party service providers relating to corporate functions, including information technology, finance, executive, human resources, supply chain, internal audit, governance and legal services, as well as ongoing additional costs associated with operating as an independent, publicly-traded company.

All transactions between us and Fortune Brands previously resulting in related party balances were settled in our consolidated financial statements immediately prior to the Distribution, or were settled shortly thereafter, including by making a distribution of capital by us to Fortune Brands of any remaining related party receivable owed by Fortune Brands to us. For more information regarding related party transactions with Fortune Brands, see Note 15, "Related Party Transactions," within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Fortune Brands utilized a central approach to treasury management, and we historically participated in related cash pooling arrangements prior to the Separation. Our cash and cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated balance sheets represent cash balances held in bank accounts owned by us and our consolidated subsidiaries. Prior to Separation, we had no third-party borrowings. All borrowings attributable to our business and due to Fortune Brands were recorded as “related party payable” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets and classified as current or noncurrent based on loan maturity dates.

Fortune Brands’ third-party debt and related interest expense have not historically been attributed to us as we were not the legal obligor of the debt, and the borrowings are not specifically identifiable to us. However, we incurred indebtedness in connection with the Separation and Distribution, which resulted in additional interest expense beginning in the fourth quarter of 2022.

The following discussion of condensed consolidated results of operations refers to the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023 compared to the thirteen weeks ended September 25, 2022.

___________

(1)Not meaningful.

Net sales were $677.3 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023 compared to $858.4 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 25, 2022, a decrease of $181.1 million, or 21.1 percent. The lower net sales compared to the third quarter of 2022 was driven mainly by a decrease in sales unit volume and trade downs from higher priced products to lower priced products, which more than offset the favorable impact from previously implemented price increases. Foreign currency impact was unfavorable by $0.7 million during the third quarter of 2023 as compared to the third quarter of 2022.

Cost of products sold decreased by $153.7 million, or 25.9 percent, to $439.8 million (64.9 percent of net sales) in the third quarter of 2023 as compared to $593.5 million (69.1 percent of net sales) in the third quarter of 2022. In addition to the impact of decreased sales unit volume, the lower cost of products sold as a percentage of net sales in the third quarter of 2023 is due to realized savings from various cost reduction actions taken in the fourth quarter of 2022 and first nine months of 2023 and commodity cost deflation, partially offset by labor inflation. Additionally, the third quarter of 2023 was favorably impacted by $2.0 million of insurance recoveries related to the tornado that occurred during the first quarter at our Jackson, GA facility and $3 million of accumulated medical rebates related to the favorable renegotiation of our health insurance program.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $35.9 million, or 20.3 percent, to $140.3 million (20.7 percent of net sales) in the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023 compared to $176.2 million (20.5 percent of net sales) in the thirteen weeks ended September 25, 2022. The decrease in the third quarter of 2023 is due to lower distribution costs ($16.1 million) and commission costs ($6.1 million) as a result of lower unit volume, partially offset by increased employee-related costs ($8.2 million), including salaries, incentive compensation and stock-based compensation, and professional support fees ($8.5 million). The third quarter of 2023 includes employee-related and professional support fee costs for newly established MasterBrand corporate functions, including information technology, finance, executive, human resources, supply chain, internal audit, governance and legal services, previously provided by Fortune Brands. The third quarter of 2022 included $28.1 million of allocated costs from Fortune Brands which did not recur in the third quarter of 2023. In the third quarter of 2023, we incurred $0.1 million of additional costs directly related to the Separation from Fortune Brands, as compared to $3.5 million in the third quarter of 2022.

Restructuring charges were $1.4 million in the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023 as compared to $9.6 million during the thirteen week period ended September 25, 2022. Restructuring charges for all periods presented are largely related to severance costs and other employee-related costs in order to better align our workforce with our forecasted demand within our manufacturing footprint.

We recorded operating income of $92.2 million in the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023, compared to operating income of $74.7 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 25, 2022. The $17.5 million, or 23.4 percent, increase in operating income was driven mainly by the realized savings from various cost reduction actions taken in the fourth quarter of 2022 and first three quarters of 2023 and decreased selling, general and administrative expenses.

Related party interest income, net, was $4.3 million in the third quarter of 2022 based upon the related party loan receivable from Fortune Brands. Prior to the Separation, excess cash generated by our operations was remitted to Fortune Brands on a regular basis through the cash pooling arrangements. At the date of the Separation, such arrangements ceased.

Upon Separation, we incurred indebtedness in connection with the Separation and Distribution, which resulted in $15.3 million of interest expense in the third quarter of 2023. Prior to the Separation, we had no third-party borrowings.

Other income, net was $1.0 million in the third quarter of 2023, which was comparable to other expense, net of $0.7 million in the third quarter of 2022.

Our condensed consolidated income before taxes, income tax expense, and effective tax rate for the thirteen week periods ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022 were as follows:

The difference between our effective income tax rate for the thirteen weeks ended September 25, 2022, and the U.S. statutory rate of 21.0 percent primarily relates to state and local income taxes, as well as additional expense resulting from an IRS audit, including the recognition of a deferred tax liability for foreign earnings where the Company cannot assert permanent reinvestment. These items were partially offset by the tax benefit for decreases in uncertain tax positions

Net income was $59.7 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 24, 2023 compared to $52.2 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 25, 2022. While operating income increased $17.5 million, or 23.4 percent, it was partially offset by the $15.3 million of interest expense in the third quarter of 2023 resulting from the indebtedness we incurred upon Separation from Fortune Brands. Tax expense also decreased by $7.9 million in the third quarter of 2023 compared to the third quarter of 2022 as the result of a lower effective tax rate.

The following discussion of condensed consolidated results of operations refers to the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 compared to the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022.

___________

(1)Not meaningful.

Net sales were $2,049.1 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 compared to $2,491.1 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, a decrease of $442.0 million, or 17.7 percent. The lower net sales, compared to the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022, were driven by a decrease in sales unit volume, partially offset by favorable price, including the carryover of price increases implemented in the second half of 2022. Foreign currency impact was $3.8 million unfavorable during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 as compared to the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022.

Cost of products sold decreased by $394.8 million, or 22.4 percent, to $1,370.8 million (66.9 percent of net sales) in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 as compared to $1,765.6 million (70.9 percent of net sales) in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022. In addition to the impact of decreased sales unit volume, the lower cost of products sold as a percentage of net sales in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 is due to the favorable carryover of price increases implemented in the second half of 2022, as well as realized savings from various cost reduction actions taken in the fourth quarter of 2022 and the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, and deflation in commodity costs and inbound transportation. These factors were partially offset by labor inflation. Additionally, the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 included $9.4 million of incremental costs, less $4.2 million of insurance recoveries, related to the tornado that occurred during our first quarter at our Jackson, GA facility.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $69.9 million, or 14.3 percent, to $417.3 million (20.4 percent of net sales) in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 compared to $487.2 million (19.6 percent of net sales) in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022. The decrease in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 is primarily due to lower distribution costs ($37.9 million) and commission costs ($15.5 million) as a result of lower unit volume, partially offset by increased employee-related costs ($25.7 million), including salaries, incentive compensation and stock-based compensation, and professional support fees ($24.0 million). The thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 includes employee-related and professional support fee costs for newly established MasterBrand corporate functions. The thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022 included $69.2 million of allocated costs from Fortune Brands which did not recur in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023. In the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, we incurred $2.3 million of additional costs directly related to the Separation from Fortune Brands, as compared to $3.7 million in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022.

We incurred an asset impairment charge of $26.0 million in the second quarter of 2022 related to an indefinite-lived tradename. During the second quarter ended June 26, 2022, production was shifted within our manufacturing footprint to enable what we expect to be a higher value purpose and growth opportunity, which led to downward revisions to forecasted revenue growth rates associated with the tradename.

Restructuring charges were $4.1 million in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023 as compared to $10.9 million during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022. Restructuring charges for all periods presented are largely related to severance costs and other employee-related costs in order to better align our workforce with our forecasted demand within our manufacturing footprint.

We recorded operating income of $245.3 million in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, compared to operating income of $188.2 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022. The $57.1 million, or 30.3 percent, increase in operating income was driven mainly by the non-recurrence of the $26.0 million asset impairment charge taken in the second quarter of 2022, coupled with the favorable carryover of price increases implemented in 2022, realized savings from various cost reduction actions taken in the fourth quarter of 2022 and thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, and decreased selling, general and administrative expenses. These items were partially offset by $9.4 million of incremental costs, less $4.2 million of insurance recoveries, related to the tornado at our Jackson, GA facility.

Related party interest income, net, was $7.3 million in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022 based upon the related party loan receivable from Fortune Brands. Prior to the Separation, excess cash generated by our operations was remitted to Fortune Brands on a regular basis through the cash pooling arrangements. At the date of the Separation, such arrangements ceased.

We incurred indebtedness in connection with the Separation and Distribution, which resulted in $49.9 million of interest expense in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023. Prior to the Separation, we had no third-party borrowings.

Other income, net was $0.1 million in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 24, 2023, which was comparable to other expense, net of $1.5 million in the thirty-nine weeks ended September 25, 2022.

Our condensed consolidated income before taxes, income tax expense, and effective tax rate for the thirty-nine week periods ended September 24, 2023 and September 25, 2022 were as follows: