株探米国株
英語
エドガーで原本を確認する
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For transition period from          to          
Commission File Number: 001-40136
Amalgamated Financial Corp.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 85-2757101
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
275 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY     10001
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(212) 255-6200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share AMAL The Nasdaq Global Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒        No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b–2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes ☐        No ☒
As of May 5, 2025, the registrant had 30,589,730 shares of common stock outstanding at $0.01 par value per share.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
Financial Statements (unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
ITEM 5.
Other Information
i





CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to Amalgamated Financial Corp. and Amalgamated Bank. References to the “Bank” refer to Amalgamated Bank.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical or current fact nor are they assurances of future performance and generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “anticipate,” “aspire,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “continue,” “in the future,” “may” and “intend,” as well as other similar words and expressions of the future. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements related to our projected growth, anticipated future financial performance, and management’s long-term performance goals, as well as statements relating to the anticipated effects on results of operations and financial condition from expected developments or events, or business and growth strategies, including anticipated internal growth.
Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, any or all of which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:
1.uncertain conditions in the banking industry and in national, regional and local economies in core markets, which may have an adverse impact on business, operations and financial performance;
2.deterioration in the financial condition of borrowers resulting in significant increases in credit losses and provisions for those losses;
3.deposit outflows and subsequent declines in liquidity caused by factors that could include lack of confidence in the banking system, a deterioration in market conditions or the financial condition of depositors;
4.changes in deposits, including an increase in uninsured deposits;
5.ability to maintain sufficient liquidity to meet deposit and debt obligations as they come due, which may require that the Company sell investment securities at a loss, negatively impacting net income, earnings and capital;
6.unfavorable conditions in the capital markets, which may cause declines in stock price and the value of investments;
7.negative economic and political conditions that adversely affect the general economy, housing prices, the real estate market, the job market, consumer confidence, the financial condition of borrowers and consumer spending habits, which may affect, among other things, the level of non-performing assets, charge-offs and provision expense;
8.fluctuations or unanticipated changes in the interest rate environment including changes in net interest margin or changes in the yield curve that affect investments, loans or deposits;
9.the general decline in the real estate and lending markets, particularly in commercial real estate in the Company’s market areas, and the effects of the enactment of or changes to rent-control and other similar regulations on multi-family housing;
10.potential implementation by the current presidential administration of a regulatory reform agenda that is significantly different from that of the prior presidential administration, impacting the rule making, supervision, examination and enforcement of the banking regulation agencies;
11.changes in U.S. trade policies and other global political factors beyond the Company’s control, including the imposition of tariffs, which raise economic uncertainty, potentially leading to slower growth and a decrease in loan demand;
12.the outcome of legal or regulatory proceedings that may be instituted against us;
13.inability to achieve organic loan and deposit growth and the composition of that growth;
14.composition of the Company’s loan portfolio, including any concentration in industries or sectors that may experience unanticipated or anticipated adverse conditions greater than other industries or sectors in the national or local economies in which the Company operates;
15.inaccuracy of the assumptions and estimates the Company makes and policies that the Company implements in establishing the allowance for credit losses;
16.changes in loan underwriting, credit review or loss reserve policies associated with economic conditions, examination conclusions, or regulatory developments;
17.any matter that would cause the Company to conclude that there was impairment of any asset, including intangible assets;
18.limitations on the ability to declare and pay dividends;
19.the impact of competition with other financial institutions, including pricing pressures and the resulting impact on results, including as a result of compression to net interest margin;
20.increased competition for experienced members of the workforce including executives in the banking industry;
ii



21.a failure in or breach of operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of third party vendors or other service providers, including as a result of unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss and other security breaches;
22.increased regulatory scrutiny and exposure from the use of “big data” techniques, machine learning, and artificial intelligence;
23.a downgrade in the Company’s credit rating;
24.“greenwashing claims” against the Company and environmental, social, and governance ("ESG") products and increased scrutiny and political opposition to ESG and diversity, equity, and inclusion ("DEI") practices;
25.any unanticipated or greater than anticipated adverse conditions (including the possibility of earthquakes, wildfires, and other natural disasters) affecting the markets in which the Company operates;
26.physical and transitional risks related to climate change as they impact the business and the businesses that the Company finances;
27.future repurchase of the Company’s shares through the Company’s common stock repurchase program; and
28.descriptions of assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing.
We caution readers that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive, is not necessarily in order of importance and readers should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included elsewhere in this report. Additional factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by any forward-looking statements may be found in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC and available at the SEC’s website at https://www.sec.gov. Further, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made and we do not intend to and, except as required by law, disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, unless required to do so under the federal securities laws.
iii



Part I
Item 1. – Financial Statements
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(Dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Assets (unaudited)
Cash and due from banks $ 4,196  $ 4,042 
Interest-bearing deposits in banks 61,518  56,707 
Total cash and cash equivalents 65,714  60,749 
Securities:
Available for sale, at fair value:
         Traditional securities
1,546,127  1,477,047 
          Property Assessed Clean Energy ("PACE") assessments
161,147  152,011 

1,707,274  1,629,058 
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost:
         Traditional securities, net of allowance for credit losses of $47 and $49, respectively
535,065  542,246 
         PACE assessments, net of allowance for credit losses of $654 and $655, respectively
1,038,052  1,043,959 
1,573,117  1,586,205 
Loans held for sale 3,667  37,593 
Loans receivable, net of deferred loan origination fees and costs 4,677,506  4,672,924 
Allowance for credit losses (57,676) (60,086)
Loans receivable, net 4,619,830  4,612,838 
Resell agreements 41,651  23,741 
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York ("FHLBNY") stock, at cost 4,679  15,693 
Accrued interest receivable 55,092  61,172 
Premises and equipment, net 7,366  6,386 
Bank-owned life insurance 108,652  108,026 
Right-of-use lease asset 12,477  14,231 
Deferred tax asset, net 33,799  42,437 
Goodwill 12,936  12,936 
Intangible assets, net 1,343  1,487 
Equity method investments 5,639  8,482 
Other assets 31,991  35,858 
                 Total assets $ 8,285,227  $ 8,256,892 
Liabilities
Deposits $ 7,412,072  $ 7,180,605 
Borrowings 69,676  314,409 
Operating leases 17,190  19,734 
Other liabilities 50,293  34,490 
                 Total liabilities $ 7,549,231  $ 7,549,238 
Commitments, contingencies and off balance sheet risk (see Note 11)
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share (70,000,000 shares authorized; 30,940,480 and 30,809,484 shares issued, respectively, and 30,696,940 and 30,670,982 shares outstanding, respectively)
$ 309  $ 308 
Additional paid-in capital 288,539  288,656 
Retained earnings 500,783  480,144 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes (47,308) (58,637)
Treasury stock, at cost (243,540 and 138,502 shares, respectively)
(6,327) (2,817)
                 Total stockholders' equity 735,996  707,654 
                 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 8,285,227  $ 8,256,892 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
1



Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME
    Loans $ 57,843  $ 51,952 
    Securities 41,653  42,390 
    Interest-bearing deposits in banks 1,194  2,592 
                 Total interest and dividend income 100,690  96,934 
INTEREST EXPENSE
    Deposits 28,917  25,891 
    Borrowed funds 1,196  3,006 
                 Total interest expense 30,113  28,897 
NET INTEREST INCOME 70,577  68,037 
    Provision for credit losses 596  1,588 
                 Net interest income after provision for credit losses 69,981  66,449 
NON-INTEREST INCOME
    Trust Department fees 4,191  3,854 
    Service charges on deposit accounts 3,438  6,136 
    Bank-owned life insurance income 626  609 
    Losses on sale of securities (680) (2,774)
    Gain on sale of loans and changes in fair value on loans held-for-sale, net 832  47 
    Equity method investments (loss) income (2,508) 2,072 
    Other income 507  285 
                 Total non-interest income 6,406  10,229 
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
    Compensation and employee benefits 23,314  22,273 
    Occupancy and depreciation 3,293  2,904 
    Professional fees 4,739  2,376 
    Technology 5,619  4,629 
    Office maintenance and depreciation 629  663 
    Amortization of intangible assets 144  183 
    Advertising and promotion 51  1,219 
    Federal deposit insurance premiums 900  1,050 
    Other expense 2,961  2,855 
                 Total non-interest expense 41,650  38,152 
Income before income taxes 34,737  38,526 
    Income tax expense 9,709  11,277 
                 Net income $ 25,028  $ 27,249 
Earnings per common share - basic $ 0.82  $ 0.89 
Earnings per common share - diluted $ 0.81  $ 0.89 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
2



Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
Net income $ 25,028  $ 27,249 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Change in total obligation for postretirement benefits, prior service credit, and other benefits 42  43 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities:
Unrealized holding gains on securities available for sale 14,170  6,402 
Reclassification adjustment for losses realized in income 680  2,774 
Accretion of net unrealized loss on securities transferred to held-to-maturity 502  595 
Net unrealized gains on securities 15,352  9,771 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedges 212  — 
Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in income (115) — 
Net unrealized gains on cash flow hedges 97  — 
Other comprehensive income, before tax 15,491  9,814 
Income tax expense (4,162) (2,682)
Total other comprehensive income, net of taxes 11,329  7,132 
Total comprehensive income, net of taxes
$ 36,357  $ 34,381 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
3



Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Number of Shares of Common Stock Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss, net of income taxes
Treasury Stock, at cost
Total
Amalgamated Financial Corp. Stockholders'
Equity
Noncontrolling
Interest
Total Stockholders'
Equity
Balance at January 1, 2025 30,670,982 $ 308  $ 288,656  $ 480,144  $ (58,637) $ (2,817) $ 707,654  $ —  $ 707,654 
Net income —  —  25,028  —  —  25,028  —  25,028 
Common stock issued under Equity Programs 10,435 —  790  —  —  —  790  —  790 
Dividends on common stock, $0.14 per share
—  —  (4,389) —  —  (4,389) —  (4,389)
Repurchase of common stock (105,038) —  —  —  —  (3,510) (3,510) —  (3,510)
Exercise of stock options, net of repurchases 17,607 —  (209) —  —  —  (209) —  (209)
Restricted stock units vesting, net of repurchases 102,954 (2,135) —  —  —  (2,134) —  (2,134)
Stock-based compensation expense —  1,437  —  —  —  1,437  —  1,437 
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes —  —  —  11,329  —  11,329  —  11,329 
Balance at March 31, 2025 30,696,940 $ 309  $ 288,539  $ 500,783  $ (47,308) $ (6,327) $ 735,996  $ —  $ 735,996 


4



Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Number of Shares of Common Stock Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss, net of income taxes
Treasury Stock, at cost
Total
Amalgamated Financial Corp. Stockholders'
Equity
Noncontrolling
Interest
Total Stockholders'
Equity
Balance at January 1, 2024 30,428,359 $ 307  $ 288,232  $ 388,033  $ (86,004) $ (5,337) $ 585,231  $ 133  $ 585,364 
Net income —  —  27,249  —  —  27,249  —  27,249 
Common stock issued under Equity Program 10,175 —  60  —  —  184  244  —  244 
Dividends on common stock, $0.10 per share
—  —  (3,092) —  —  (3,092) —  (3,092)
Repurchase of common stock (10,000) —  —  —  —  (285) (285) —  (285)
Exercise of stock options, net of repurchases 24,540 —  (426) —  —  426  —  —  — 
Restricted stock units vesting, net of repurchases 57,319 —  (1,749) —  —  994  (755) —  (755)
Stock-based compensation expense —  1,081  —  —  —  1,081  —  1,081 
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes —  —  —  7,132  —  7,132  —  7,132 
Balance at March 31, 2024 30,510,393 $ 307  $ 287,198  $ 412,190  $ (78,872) $ (4,018) $ 616,805  $ 133  $ 616,938 


See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
5



Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
  Net income $ 25,028  $ 27,249 
  Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
    Depreciation and amortization 265  2,019 
    Amortization of intangible assets 144  183 
    Deferred income tax expense 4,476  4,750 
    Provision for credit losses
596  1,588 
    Stock-based compensation expense 1,437  1,081 
    Net loss (gain) from equity method investments 2,508  (2,072)
    Net loss on sale of securities available for sale
680  2,774 
    Net gain on sale of loans and change in fair value on loans held-for-sale, net (832) (47)
    Proceeds from sales of loans originated as held for sale 3,534  7,084 
    Originations of loans held for sale (5,562) (7,357)
    Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance (626) (609)
    Decrease in accrued interest receivable 6,080  2,048 
    Decrease in other assets 6,278  9,985 
    Decrease in other liabilities (9,792) (17,414)
                      Net cash provided by operating activities 34,214  31,262 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
    Net increase in loans
(4,670) (15,434)
    Proceeds from sales of loans originated as held for investment 34,844  — 
    Purchase of securities available for sale (144,007) (142,368)
    Purchase of securities held-to-maturity (17,807) (38,918)
    Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale 16,119  78,827 
    Maturities, principal payments and redemptions of securities available for sale 86,048  46,038 
    Maturities, principal payments and redemptions of securities held-to-maturity 31,176  61,975 
    Increase in resell agreements (17,910) (81,242)
    Decrease in equity method investments 335  295 
    Decrease (increase) in FHLBNY stock, net 11,014  (214)
    Purchases of premises and equipment, net (1,753) (207)
                      Net cash used in investing activities
(6,611) (91,248)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
    Net increase in deposits 231,467  293,777 
    Net decrease in other borrowings
(244,754) (165,246)
    Common stock issued under Equity Programs 790  244 
    Repurchase of common stock (3,510) (285)
    Dividends paid on common stock (4,288) (3,115)
    Payments related to repurchase of common stock for equity awards (2,343) (755)
                      Net cash (used in) / provided by financing activities (22,638) 124,620 
                      Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 4,965  64,634 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year 60,749  90,570 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end period $ 65,714  $ 155,204 
6



Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
    Interest paid during the period $ 29,561  $ 34,527 
    Income taxes paid during the period 1,508  317 
Supplemental non-cash activities:
    Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities —  560 
    Loans transferred to held for investment 1,942  — 
    Purchase of securities available for sale, net not settled 22,000  21,000 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
7




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
1.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND CONSOLIDATION

Basis of Accounting and Changes in Significant Accounting Policies
In this discussion, unless the context indicates otherwise, references to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to Amalgamated Financial Corp. and Amalgamated Bank. References to the “Bank” refer to Amalgamated Bank.
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP and predominant practices within the banking industry. The Company uses the accrual basis of accounting for financial statement purposes.    

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The annualized results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the entire fiscal year. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). All significant inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and the results of operations as of the dates and for the interim periods presented have been included. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “2024 Annual Report”). A more detailed description of our accounting policies is included in the 2024 Annual Report, which remain significantly unchanged.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323) - Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method
On March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method, which is intended to expand the use of the proportional amortization method of accounting, previously allowed only for investments in low-income housing tax credit structures, to equity investments in other tax credit structures that meet certain criteria. The proportional amortization method results in the tax credit investment being amortized in proportion to the allocation of tax credits and other tax benefits in each period, and net presentation within the income tax line item. This expansion to other investments simplifies the accounting for reporting entities and can provide users with a better understanding of these investments. The Company adopted the standard for the year ended December 31, 2024. The adoption did not impact the existing equity investments in tax structures.
ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
On November 27, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. The purpose of the amendments is to enable investors to better understand an entity’s overall performance and assess potential future cash flows. A public entity should apply the amendments retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Upon transition, the segment expense categories and amounts disclosed in the prior periods should be based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. The Company adopted the standard for the year ended December 31, 2024 and for interim reporting periods beginning with the quarter ended March 31, 2025. The adoption resulted in a disclosure requirement but did not result in a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements See Note 15.
8




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
2.    ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The following is a summary of the accumulated comprehensive income (loss) balances, net of income taxes:
Unrealized loss on benefits plans Unrealized loss on available for sale securities Unaccreted unrealized loss on securities transferred to held-to-maturity Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
(In thousands)
Balance as of January 1, 2025 $ (1,364) $ (49,136) $ (8,608) $ 471  $ (58,637)
Current Period Change 42  14,850  502  97  15,491 
Income Tax Effect (11) (3,989) (136) (26) (4,162)
Balance as of March 31, 2025 $ (1,333) $ (38,275) $ (8,242) $ 542  $ (47,308)
Balance as of January 1, 2024 $ (1,481) $ (74,348) $ (10,175) $ —  $ (86,004)
Current Period Change 43  9,176  595  —  9,814 
Income Tax Effect (11) (2,508) (163) —  (2,682)
Balance as of March 31, 2024 $ (1,449) $ (67,680) $ (9,743) $ —  $ (78,872)

















9




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Other comprehensive income (loss) components and related income tax effects were as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
(In thousands)
Postretirement Benefit Plans
Change in obligation for postretirement benefits and for prior service credit $ 35  $ 36 
Reclassification adjustment for prior service expense included in compensation and employee benefits
Change in obligation for other benefits —  — 
Change in total obligation for postretirement benefits and for prior service credit and for other benefits 42  43 
Income tax expense (11) (11)
Net change in total obligation for postretirement benefits and prior service credit and for other benefits 31  32 
Securities
Unrealized holding gains on available for sale securities 14,170  6,402 
Reclassification adjustment for losses realized in loss on sale of securities
680  2,774 
Accretion of net unrealized loss on securities transferred to held-to-maturity 502  595 
Change in unrealized gains on available for sale securities 15,352  9,771 
Income tax expense (4,125) (2,671)
Net change in unrealized gains on securities 11,227  7,100 
Derivatives
Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedges 212  — 
Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in income (115) — 
Change in unrealized gains on cash flow hedges 97  — 
Income tax expense (26) — 
Net change in unrealized gains on cash flow hedges 71  — 
Total $ 11,329  $ 7,132 

10




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
3.    INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available for sale and held-to-maturity as of March 31, 2025 are as follows:
March 31, 2025
(In thousands) Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Available for sale:
Traditional securities:
Government sponsored entities ("GSE") certificates & Collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") $ 551,294  $ 3,581  $ (26,886) $ 527,989 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 256,916  464  (13,301) 244,079 
Asset-Backed Securities ("ABS") 683,288  1,234  (13,486) 671,036 
Corporate 103,485  —  (8,422) 95,063 
Other 7,736  224  —  7,960 
1,602,719  5,503  (62,095) 1,546,127 
      PACE assessments:
Residential PACE assessments 156,884  4,263  —  161,147 
Total available for sale $ 1,759,603  $ 9,766  $ (62,095) $ 1,707,274 
Amortized Cost Gross Unrecognized Gains Gross Unrecognized Losses Fair Value
Held-to-maturity:
     Traditional securities
GSE certificates & CMOs $ 186,534  $ 1,038  $ (17,795) $ 169,777 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 72,781  (4,997) 67,785 
ABS 210,921  287  (5,737) 205,471 
Municipal 64,875  —  (11,286) 53,589 
535,111  1,326  (39,815) 496,622 
PACE assessments:
Commercial PACE assessments 271,200  —  (33,915) 237,285 
Residential PACE assessments 767,507  —  (57,771) 709,736 
1,038,707  —  (91,686) 947,021 
Total held-to-maturity $ 1,573,818  $ 1,326  $ (131,501) $ 1,443,643 
Allowance for credit losses (701)
Total held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses $ 1,573,117 

As of March 31, 2025, available for sale securities with a fair value of $1.25 billion and held-to-maturity securities with a fair value of $470.2 million were pledged. The majority of the securities were pledged to the FHLBNY to secure outstanding advances, letters of credit and to provide additional borrowing potential. In addition, securities were pledged to provide capacity to borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank and to collateralize municipal deposits.
11




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available for sale and held-to-maturity as of December 31, 2024 are as follows:    
December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value
Available for sale:
Traditional securities:
GSE residential CMOs
$ 537,313  $ 2,072  $ (31,227) $ 508,158 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 229,513  243  (15,581) 214,175 
ABS 665,548  1,349  (14,563) 652,334 
Corporate 109,482  —  (11,167) 98,315 
Other 4,197  —  (132) 4,065 
1,546,053  3,664  (72,670) 1,477,047 
PACE assessments:
Residential PACE assessments 150,184  1,827  —  152,011 
Total available for sale $ 1,696,237  $ 5,491  $ (72,670) $ 1,629,058 
Amortized Cost Gross Unrecognized Gains Gross Unrecognized Losses Fair Value
Held-to-maturity:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ 188,194  $ 707  $ (20,679) $ 168,222 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 73,850  —  (5,993) 67,857 
ABS 215,161  469  (6,437) 209,193 
Municipal 65,090  39  (10,837) 54,292 
542,295  1,215  (43,946) 499,564 
PACE assessments:
Commercial PACE assessments 268,692  —  (37,731) 230,961 
Residential PACE assessments 775,922  —  (73,727) 702,195 
1,044,614  —  (111,458) 933,156 
           Total held-to-maturity
$ 1,586,909  $ 1,215  $ (155,404) $ 1,432,720 
Allowance for credit losses (704)
Total held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses
$ 1,586,205 
There were no transfers to or from securities held-to-maturity during the three months ended March 31, 2025, or the three months ended March 31, 2024.

12




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of debt securities available for sale and held-to-maturity, exclusive of mortgage-backed securities, by their contractual maturity as of March 31, 2025. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalty:
Available for Sale Held-to-maturity
Amortized
Cost
Fair Value Amortized
Cost
Fair Value
(In thousands)
Due within one year $ 222  $ 223  $ 2,414  $ 2,232 
Due after one year through five years 51,113  50,257  18,804  18,014 
Due after five years through ten years 267,963  260,895  171,783  168,169 
Due after ten years 632,095  623,831  1,121,502  1,017,666 
$ 951,393  $ 935,206  $ 1,314,503  $ 1,206,081 

Proceeds received and gains and losses realized on sales of available for sale securities are summarized below:
Three Months Ended,
March 31, 2025 March 31, 2024
(In thousands)
Proceeds $ 16,119  $ 78,827 
Realized gains $ —  $ — 
Realized losses (680) (2,774)
               Net realized losses $ (680) $ (2,774)
There were no sales of held-to-maturity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2025 or the three months ended March 31, 2024.
The Company controls and monitors inherent credit risk in its securities portfolio through due diligence, diversification, concentration limits, periodic securities reviews, and by investing in low risk securities. This includes high quality Non-Agency Securities, low loan-to-value ("LTV") PACE assessments and a significant portion of the securities portfolio in GSE obligations. GSEs include the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) and the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation whereas FHLMC, FNMA and SBA are private. Mortgage-related securities may include mortgage pass-through certificates, participation certificates and CMOs. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders' equity.
13




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following summarizes the fair value and unrealized losses for available for sale securities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, segregated between securities that have been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and those that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or longer at the respective dates:
March 31, 2025
Less Than Twelve Months
Twelve Months or Longer
Total
(In thousands) Fair Value Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value Unrealized
Losses
Available for sale:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ 43,436  $ 451  $ 241,373  $ 26,435  $ 284,809  $ 26,886 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 17,978  22  141,877  13,279  159,855  13,301 
ABS 150,049  665  135,824  12,821  285,873  13,486 
Corporate —  —  95,063  8,422  95,063  8,422 
Other —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total available for sale $ 211,463  $ 1,138  $ 614,137  $ 60,957  $ 825,600  $ 62,095 

December 31, 2024
Less Than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total
(In thousands) Fair Value Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value Unrealized
Losses
Available for sale:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ 50,828  $ 881  $ 249,736  $ 30,346  $ 300,564  $ 31,227 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 33,778  71  145,329  15,510  179,107  15,581 
ABS 121,444  421  151,668  14,142  273,112  14,563 
Corporate —  —  98,315  11,167  98,315  11,167 
Other 3,865  132  3,865  132 
Total available for sale $ 206,050  $ 1,373  $ 648,913  $ 71,297  $ 854,963  $ 72,670 
Available for sale securities

As of March 31, 2025, none of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position due to credit quality and therefore no allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities was required. The temporary impairment of fixed income securities is primarily attributable to changes in overall market interest rates and/or changes in credit/liquidity spreads since the investments were acquired. In general, as market interest rates rise and/or credit/liquidity spreads widen, the fair value of fixed rate securities will decrease, as market interest rates fall and/or credit spreads tighten, the fair value of fixed rate securities will increase.

With respect to the Company’s security investments that are temporarily impaired as of March 31, 2025, management does not intend to sell these investments and does not believe it will be necessary to do so before anticipated recovery. If either criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security's amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. The Company expects to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of these investments. Therefore, the Company does not hold an allowance for credit losses for available for sale securities at March 31, 2025.


Held-to-maturity securities

Management conducts an evaluation of expected credit losses on held-to-maturity securities on a collective basis by security type. Management monitors the credit quality of debt securities held-to-maturity through reasonable and supportable forecasts, reviews of credit trends on underlying assets, credit ratings, and other factors. Holdings of securities issued by GSEs with unrealized losses are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, and are highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long history of no credit losses.
14




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

With the exception of PACE assessments, which are generally not rated, these securities were rated investment grade by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization with only $11 million rated below investment grade. All issues were current as to their interest payments. There have been no significant losses on PACE assessments that we have invested in given the low loan-to-value position and the superior lien position on the property. Management considers that the temporary impairment of these investments as of March 31, 2025 is primarily due to an increase in interest rates and spreads since the time these investments were purchased.

Accrued interest receivable on securities totaling $31.2 million and $38.7 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, was included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet and excluded from the amortized cost and estimated fair value totals in the table above.

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for securities held-to-maturity for the three months ended March 31, 2025:
(In thousands) Non-GSE commercial certificates Commercial PACE Residential PACE Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance $ 49  $ 268  $ 387  $ 704 
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses (2) (4) (3)
Charge-offs —  —  —  — 
Recoveries —  —  —  — 
Ending balance $ 47  $ 271  $ 383  $ 701 

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for securities held-to-maturity for the three months ended March 31, 2024:
(In thousands) Non-GSE commercial certificates Commercial PACE Residential PACE Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance $ 54  $ 258  $ 409  $ 721 
Recovery of credit losses (1) (2) (8) (11)
Charge-offs —  —  —  — 
Recoveries —  —  —  — 
Ending balance $ 53  $ 256  $ 401  $ 710 




15




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
4.    LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET
Loans receivable are summarized as follows:
March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial $ 1,183,297  $ 1,175,490 
Multifamily 1,371,950  1,351,604 
Commercial real estate 409,004  411,387 
Construction and land development 20,690  20,683 
   Total commercial portfolio 2,984,941  2,959,164 
Residential real estate lending 1,303,856  1,313,617 
Consumer solar 356,601  365,516 
Consumer and other 32,108  34,627 
   Total retail portfolio 1,692,565  1,713,760 
Total loans receivable 4,677,506  4,672,924 
Allowance for credit losses (57,676) (60,086)
Total loans receivable, net $ 4,619,830  $ 4,612,838 

Included in commercial and industrial loans are government guaranteed loans with a balance of $197.7 million at March 31, 2025 and $198.5 million at December 31, 2024. Due to these loans being fully guaranteed by the United States government, no allowance for credit losses is recorded in relation to these loans at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The following table presents information regarding the past due status of the Company’s loans as of March 31, 2025:
30-59 Days Past Due
60-89 Days
Past Due
Non-
Accrual
90 Days or
More
Delinquent
and Still
Accruing
Interest
Total Past
Due and Non-Accrual
Current Total Loans
Receivable
(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial $ 564  $ —  $ 12,786  $ —  $ 13,350  $ 1,169,947  $ 1,183,297 
Multifamily 27,209  2,774  —  —  29,983  1,341,967  1,371,950 
Commercial real estate 5,151  —  3,979  —  9,130  399,874  409,004 
Construction and land development 4,385  —  11,107  —  15,492  5,198  20,690 
     Total commercial portfolio 37,309  2,774  27,872  —  67,955  2,916,986  2,984,941 
Residential real estate lending 7,250  792  1,375  —  9,417  1,294,439  1,303,856 
Consumer solar 3,038  1,859  3,479  —  8,376  348,225  356,601 
Consumer and other 539  377  218  —  1,134  30,974  32,108 
     Total retail portfolio 10,827  3,028  5,072  —  18,927  1,673,638  1,692,565 
$ 48,136  $ 5,802  $ 32,944  $ —  $ 86,882  $ 4,590,624  $ 4,677,506 
Within the table above, there are three multifamily loans totaling $27.0 million that were in the process of being refinanced at March 31, 2025, and have been included as 30-89 days past due as they were past the maturity date. Two loans were subsequently extended, and one loan was refinanced which is performing in accordance with the updated terms.
16




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following table presents information regarding the past due status of the Company’s loans as of December 31, 2024:
30-59 Days Past Due
60-89 Days
Past Due
Non-
Accrual
90 Days or
More
Delinquent
and Still
Accruing
Interest
Total Past
Due and Non-Accrual
Current Total Loans
Receivable
Commercial and industrial $ 659  $ 189  $ 872  $ —  $ 1,720  $ 1,173,770  $ 1,175,490 
Multifamily 8,172  —  —  —  8,172  1,343,432  1,351,604 
Commercial real estate —  1,280  4,062  —  5,342  406,045  411,387 
Construction and land development —  —  11,107  —  11,107  9,576  20,683 
     Total commercial portfolio 8,831  1,469  16,041  —  26,341  2,932,823  2,959,164 
Residential real estate lending 5,960  202  1,771  —  7,933  1,305,684  1,313,617 
Consumer solar 378  445  2,827  —  3,650  361,866  365,516 
Consumer and other 2,487  2,282  370  —  5,139  29,488  34,627 
     Total retail portfolio 8,825  2,929  4,968  —  16,722  1,697,038  1,713,760 
$ 17,656  $ 4,398  $ 21,009  $ —  $ 43,063  $ 4,629,861  $ 4,672,924 

Within the table above is an $8.2 million multifamily loan that was in the process of being refinanced at December 31, 2024, and has been included as 30-89 days past due as it was past the maturity date. This loan was subsequently refinanced and is performing in accordance with the updated terms.

The following table presents information regarding loan modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2025:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(Dollars in thousands) Term Extension % of Portfolio
Commercial and industrial $ 3,026  0.3  %
Total $ 3,026 
The following table describes the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Weighted Average Years of Term Extension
Commercial and industrial 0.2

There were no loan modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

In the prior twelve months, seven loan modifications were made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.One C&I loan of $0.4 million that was modified during this period had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

17




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
In order to manage credit quality, we view the Company’s loan portfolio by various segments. For commercial loans, we assign individual credit ratings ranging from 1 (lowest risk) to 10 (highest risk) as an indicator of credit quality. These ratings are based on specific risk factors including 1 (lowest risk) to 10 (highest risk) as an indicator of credit quality. These ratings are based on specific risk factors including (i) historical and projected financial results of the borrower, (ii) market conditions of the borrower’s industry that may affect the borrower’s future financial performance, (iii) business experience of the borrower’s management, (iv) nature of the underlying collateral, if any, including the ability of the collateral to generate sources of repayment, and (v) history of the borrower’s payment performance. These specific risk factors are then utilized as inputs in our credit model to determine the associated allowance for credit loss. Non-rated loans generally include residential mortgages and consumer loans.

The below classifications follow regulatory guidelines and can be generally described as follows:
•pass loans are of satisfactory quality (risk rating 1 through 6);
•special mention loans have a potential weakness or risk that may result in the deterioration of future repayment (risk rating 7);
•substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged (these loans have a well-defined weakness, and there is a distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss) (risk rating 8 and 9); and
•doubtful loans, based on existing circumstances, have weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable (risk rating 10).

In addition, residential loans are classified utilizing an inter-agency methodology that incorporates the extent of delinquency. Assigned risk rating grades are continuously updated as new information is obtained.

The following tables summarize the Company’s loan portfolio by credit quality indicator as of March 31, 2025:

Term Loans by Origination Year
(In thousands) 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 & Prior Revolving loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total
Commercial and industrial:
Pass $ 36,284  $ 327,769  $ 81,145  $ 145,115  $ 386,161  $ 151,991  $ —  $ 1,128,465 
Special Mention 128  209  —  13,674  13,748  250  —  28,009 
Substandard —  244  —  5,540  16,335  1,094  —  23,213 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  2,719  891  —  3,610 
Total commercial and industrial $ 36,412  $ 328,222  $ 81,145  $ 164,329  $ 418,963  $ 154,226  $ —  $ 1,183,297 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ 748  $ 75  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 823 
Multifamily:
Pass $ 29,755  $ 257,382  $ 226,062  $ 360,921  $ 489,281  $ $ —  $ 1,363,403 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  8,547  —  —  8,547 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total multifamily $ 29,755  $ 257,382  $ 226,062  $ 360,921  $ 497,828  $ $ —  $ 1,371,950 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Commercial real estate:
Pass $ 139  $ 99,746  $ 41,652  $ 40,986  $ 216,321  $ 6,181  $ —  $ 405,025 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  3,979  —  —  3,979 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total commercial real estate $ 139  $ 99,746  $ 41,652  $ 40,986  $ 220,300  $ 6,181  $ —  $ 409,004 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
18




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Construction and land development:
Pass $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 4,385  $ 5,199  $ —  $ 9,584 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  —  11,106  —  11,106 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total construction and land development $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 4,385  $ 16,305  $ —  $ 20,690 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Residential real estate lending:
Pass $ 9,814  $ 72,076  $ 126,876  $ 384,760  $ 708,955  $ —  $ —  $ 1,302,481 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  1,231  144  —  —  1,375 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total residential real estate lending $ 9,814  $ 72,076  $ 126,876  $ 385,991  $ 709,099  $ —  $ —  $ 1,303,856 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 69  $ —  $ —  $ 69 
Consumer solar:
Pass $ 98  $ 85  $ 24,345  $ 91,862  $ 237,074  $ —  $ —  $ 353,464 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  82  1,087  1,968  —  —  3,137 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total consumer solar $ 98  $ 85  $ 24,427  $ 92,949  $ 239,042  $ —  $ —  $ 356,601 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ 112  $ 385  $ 1,477  $ —  $ —  $ 1,974 
Consumer and other:
Pass $ 81  $ —  $ 1,763  $ 11,748  $ 18,299  $ —  $ —  $ 31,891 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  131  86  —  —  217 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total consumer and other $ 81  $ —  $ 1,763  $ 11,879  $ 18,385  $ —  $ —  $ 32,108 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ $ —  $ 110  $ —  $ —  $ 111 
Total Loans:
Pass $ 76,171  $ 757,058  $ 501,843  $ 1,035,392  $ 2,060,476  $ 163,373  $ —  $ 4,594,313 
Special Mention 128  209  —  13,674  13,748  250  —  28,009 
Substandard —  244  82  7,989  31,059  12,200  —  51,574 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  2,719  891  —  3,610 
Total loans $ 76,299  $ 757,511  $ 501,925  $ 1,057,055  $ 2,108,002  $ 176,714  $ —  $ 4,677,506 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ 861  $ 460  $ 1,656  $ —  $ —  $ 2,977 
The following tables summarize the Company’s loan portfolio by credit quality indicator as of December 31, 2024:
Term Loans by Origination Year
(In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 & Prior Revolving loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total
Commercial and industrial:
Pass $ 331,879  $ 82,769  $ 146,475  $ 178,107  $ 218,078  $ 155,917  $ —  $ 1,113,225 
Special Mention 137  —  13,816  9,756  —  1,905  —  25,614 
Substandard 115  —  5,531  15,805  13,403  1,797  —  36,651 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total commercial and industrial $ 332,131  $ 82,769  $ 165,822  $ 203,668  $ 231,481  $ 159,619  $ —  $ 1,175,490 
Current period gross charge-offs $ 200  $ 1,738  $ 653  $ —  $ 5,553  $ —  $ —  $ 8,144 
19




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Multifamily:
Pass $ 258,985  $ 226,552  $ 362,091  $ 43,413  $ 451,981  $ $ —  $ 1,343,024 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  8,580  —  —  8,580 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total multifamily $ 258,985  $ 226,552  $ 362,091  $ 43,413  $ 460,561  $ $ —  $ 1,351,604 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 510  $ —  $ —  $ 510 
Commercial real estate:
Pass $ 100,289  $ 41,791  $ 41,266  $ 46,847  $ 170,931  $ 6,201  $ —  $ 407,325 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  4,062  —  —  4,062 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total commercial real estate $ 100,289  $ 41,791  $ 41,266  $ 46,847  $ 174,993  $ 6,201  $ —  $ 411,387 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Construction and land development:
Pass $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 4,380  $ 5,199  $ —  $ 9,579 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  —  11,104  —  11,104 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total construction and land development $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 4,380  $ 16,303  $ —  $ 20,683 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Residential real estate lending:
Pass $ 73,206  $ 128,537  $ 382,888  $ 282,873  $ 444,507  $ —  $ —  $ 1,312,011 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  1,491  —  115  —  —  1,606 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total residential real estate lending $ 73,206  $ 128,537  $ 384,379  $ 282,873  $ 444,622  $ —  $ —  $ 1,313,617 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ 27  $ —  $ —  $ 1,155  $ —  $ —  $ 1,182 
Consumer solar:
Pass $ —  $ 25,313  $ 94,240  $ 119,279  $ 124,095  $ —  $ —  $ 362,927 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  99  631  911  948  —  —  2,589 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total consumer solar $ —  $ 25,412  $ 94,871  $ 120,190  $ 125,043  $ —  $ —  $ 365,516 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ 65  $ 2,285  $ 3,343  $ 2,001  $ —  $ —  $ 7,694 
Consumer and other:
Pass $ 402  $ 1,907  $ 12,512  $ 10,181  $ 9,153  $ —  $ —  $ 34,155 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  83  287  101  —  —  472 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total consumer and other $ 402  $ 1,908  $ 12,595  $ 10,468  $ 9,254  $ —  $ —  $ 34,627 
Current period gross charge-offs $ —  $ 16  $ —  $ —  $ 304  $ —  $ —  $ 320 
Total Loans:
Pass $ 764,761  $ 506,869  $ 1,039,472  $ 680,700  $ 1,423,125  $ 167,319  $ —  $ 4,582,246 
Special Mention 137  —  13,816  9,756  —  1,905  —  25,614 
Substandard 115  100  7,736  17,003  27,209  12,901  —  65,064 
Doubtful —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total loans $ 765,013  $ 506,969  $ 1,061,024  $ 707,459  $ 1,450,334  $ 182,125  $ —  $ 4,672,924 
Current period gross charge-offs $ 200  $ 1,846  $ 2,938  $ 3,343  $ 9,523  $ —  $ —  $ 17,850 

20




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The activities in the allowance by portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are as follows:
(In thousands) Commercial and Industrial Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Construction and Land Development Residential Real Estate Lending Consumer Solar Consumer and Other Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance - ACL $ 13,505  $ 2,794  $ 1,600  $ 1,253  $ 9,493  $ 29,095  $ 2,346  $ 60,086 
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 2,630  357  (11) (1) 39  (2,382) (466) 166 
Charge-offs (823) —  —  —  (69) (1,974) (111) (2,977)
Recoveries 10  —  —  —  75  266  50  401 
Ending balance - ACL $ 15,322  $ 3,151  $ 1,589  $ 1,252  $ 9,538  $ 25,005  $ 1,819  $ 57,676 

The activities in the allowance by portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are as follows:

(In thousands) Commercial and Industrial Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Construction and Land Development Residential Real Estate Lending
Consumer Solar
Consumer and Other Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance - ACL $ 18,331  $ 2,133  $ 1,276  $ 24  $ 13,273  $ 27,978  $ 2,676  $ 65,691 
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses (1,938) 2,315  129  829  (853) 482  (74) 890 
Charge-offs (400) —  —  —  (160) (1,806) (96) (2,462)
Recoveries —  —  —  147  121  281 
Ending Balance - ACL $ 15,997  $ 4,448  $ 1,405  $ 853  $ 12,407  $ 26,775  $ 2,515  $ 64,400 


The amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and the specific allowance as of March 31, 2025 are as follows:

Nonaccrual with No Allowance Nonaccrual with Allowance Reserve
(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial $ 8,331  $ 4,455  $ 3,603 
Commercial real estate 3,979  —  — 
Construction and land development 8,803  2,304  1,252 
     Total commercial portfolio $ 21,113  $ 6,759  $ 4,855 
Residential real estate lending 1,375  —  — 
Consumer solar 3,479  —  — 
Consumer and other 218  —  — 
     Total retail portfolio 5,072  —  — 
$ 26,185  $ 6,759  $ 4,855 









21




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and the specific allowance as of December 31, 2024 are as follows:
Nonaccrual with No Allowance
Nonaccrual with Allowance
Reserve
(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial $ —  $ 872  $ 731 
Commercial real estate 4,062  —  — 
Construction and land development 8,803  2,304  1,252 
     Total commercial portfolio $ 12,865  $ 3,176  $ 1,983 
Residential real estate lending 1,771  —  — 
Consumer solar 2,827  —  — 
Consumer and other 370  —  — 
     Total retail portfolio 4,968  —  — 
$ 17,833  $ 3,176  $ 1,983 

The below table summarizes collateral dependent loans which were individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses as of March 31, 2025:
Real Estate Collateral Dependent Associated Allowance for Credit Losses
(In thousands)
Commercial real estate $ 3,979  $ — 
Construction and land development 16,305  1,252 
$ 20,284  $ 1,252 

The below table summarizes collateral dependent loans which were individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses as of December 31, 2024:
Real Estate Collateral Dependent Associated Allowance for Credit Losses
(In thousands)
Commercial real estate $ 4,062  $ — 
Construction and land development 16,302  1,252 
$ 20,364  $ 1,252 

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, mortgage loans with an unpaid principal balance of $2.45 billion and $2.45 billion, respectively, were pledged to the FHLBNY to secure outstanding advances and letters of credit.
The Company had $1.8 million and $1.9 million of loans to related parties and affiliates as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, Loans Held for Sale ("LHFS") on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition was $3.7 million and $37.6 million, respectively. Included in LHFS were certain non-performing loans of $1.0 million and $4.9 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. In addition, at December 31, 2024, there was a pool of $36.6 million residential loans in LHFS that were sold in the quarter ended March 31, 2025.
22




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
5.    DEPOSITS
Deposits are summarized as follows:
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Amount Weighted Average Rate Amount Weighted Average Rate
(In thousands)
Non-interest-bearing demand deposit accounts $ 2,895,757  0.00  % $ 2,868,506  0.00  %
NOW accounts 187,078  0.72  % 179,765  0.72  %
Money market deposit accounts 3,772,423  2.73  % 3,564,423  2.67  %
Savings accounts 330,410  1.28  % 328,696  1.32  %
Time deposits 226,404  3.52  % 239,215  3.54  %
Total deposits $ 7,412,072  1.57  % $ 7,180,605  1.52  %

The scheduled maturities of time deposits as of March 31, 2025 are as follows:
(In thousands) Balance
2025 $ 185,796 
2026 35,706 
2027 2,668 
2028 574 
2029 1,487 
Thereafter 173 
Total
$ 226,404 
Time deposits greater than $250,000 totaled $52.7 million as of March 31, 2025 and $48.5 million as of December 31, 2024.
From time to time the Company will issue time deposits through the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) for the purpose of providing Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance to bank customers with balances in excess of FDIC insurance limits. CDARS deposits totaled approximately $87.6 million and $104.9 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and are included in Time deposits above.
Our total deposits included deposits from Workers United and its related entities, a related party, in the amounts of $68.1 million as of March 31, 2025 and $71.2 million as of December 31, 2024.
Included in total deposits are state and municipal deposits totaling $60.6 million and $62.6 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Such deposits are secured by letters of credit issued by the FHLBNY or by securities pledged with the FHLBNY.
23




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
6. BORROWINGS
Subordinated Debt
On November 8, 2021, the Company completed a public offering of $85.0 million of aggregated principal amount of 3.25% Fixed-to-Floating Rate subordinated notes due 2031 (the "Notes"). The fixed rate period is defined from and including November 8, 2021 to, but excluding, November 15, 2026, or the date of earlier redemption. The floating rate period is defined from and including November 15, 2026 to, but excluding, November 15, 2031, or the date of earlier redemption. The floating rate per annum is equal to three-month term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") (the "benchmark rate") plus a spread of 230 basis points for each quarterly interest period during the floating rate period, provided however, that if the benchmark rate is less than zero, the benchmark rate shall be deemed to be zero. The subordinated notes will mature on November 15, 2031.
The Company may, at its option, beginning with the interest payment date of November 15, 2026, and on any interest payment date thereafter, redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, from time to time, subject to obtaining prior approval of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve Board") to the extent such approval is then required under the capital adequacy rules of the Federal Reserve Board, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption.
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the subordinated debt was $63.7 million. Interest expense on subordinated debt for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $0.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 the Company did not repurchase any subordinated notes.
FHLBNY Advances and Other Borrowings

FHLBNY advances are collateralized by the FHLBNY stock owned by the Bank plus a pledge of other eligible assets comprised of securities and mortgage loans. Assets are pledged to collateral capacity. As of March 31, 2025, the value of the other eligible assets had an estimated market value net of haircut totaling $2.04 billion (comprised of securities of $403.9 million and mortgage loans of $1.64 billion). As of December 31, 2024, the value of the other eligible assets had an estimated market value net of haircut totaling $2.04 billion (comprised of securities of $379.6 million and mortgage loans of $1.66 billion). The fair value of assets pledged to the FHLBNY is required to be not less than 110% of the outstanding advances. There were $6.0 million outstanding FHLB advances as of March 31, 2025 and $250.7 million in outstanding FHLBNY advances as of December 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $6.0 million and $10.7 million, respectively, of FHLBNY advances due in October 2025 through the 0% Development Advance Program that provides members with subsidized funding in the form of interest rate credits to assist in originating loans or purchasing loans or investments that meet one of the eligibility criteria. The Company pledged PACE assessments which qualified under the Climate Development Advance and therefore will receive interest rate credits and will not incur any interest expense related to the current outstanding advances. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, interest expense on FHLBNY advances was $0.6 million and zero, respectively.
In addition to FHLBNY advances, the Company uses other borrowings for short-term borrowing needs. Federal funds lines of credit are extended to the Company by non-affiliated banks with which a correspondent banking relationship exists. At March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024 there were no outstanding balances related to federal funds purchased. In addition, following the bank failures in 2023, the Federal Reserve created a new Bank Term Funding Program ("BTFP") as an additional source of liquidity against high-quality securities, offering loans of up to one year to eligible institutions pledging qualifying assets as collateral. At March 31, 2024, there was an outstanding borrowings balance of $60.0 million related to the BTFP due in 2024 with a weighted average rate of 4.71%. Interest expense related to these borrowings was $2.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. On March 11, 2024, BTFP ceased extending new borrowings, and as such, there was no outstanding borrowings for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
24




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
7.    EARNINGS PER SHARE

Under the two-class method, earnings available to common stockholders for the period are allocated between common stockholders and participating securities according to participation rights in undistributed earnings. Our unvested restricted stock units are not considered participating securities as they do not receive dividend distributions until satisfaction of the related vesting requirements. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, we had 31,563 and 21,340 anti-dilutive shares, respectively.

Following is a table setting forth the factors used in the earnings per share computation follow:

Three Months
Ended March 31,
2025 2024
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income attributable to Amalgamated Financial Corp. $ 25,028  $ 27,249 
Dividends paid on preferred stock —  — 
Income attributable to common stock $ 25,028  $ 27,249 
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic 30,682  30,476 
Basic earnings per common share $ 0.82  $ 0.89 
Income attributable to common stock $ 25,028  $ 27,249 
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic 30,682  30,476 
Incremental shares from assumed conversion of options and RSUs 264  261 
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted 30,946  30,737 
Diluted earnings per common share $ 0.81  $ 0.89 
25




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
8.    EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Amalgamated Financial Corp. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Plan”) provides for the grant of stock-based incentive awards to employees and directors of the Company. The number of shares of common stock of the Company available for stock-based awards in the Equity Plan is 1,300,000 of which 654,218 shares were available for issuance as of March 31, 2025.

Stock Options:

The Company does not currently maintain an active stock option plan that is available for issuing new options. As of December 31, 2020, all options are fully vested and the Company will not incur any further expense related to options.
A summary of the status of the Company’s options as of March 31, 2025 follows:
Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding, January 1, 2025 106,620  $ 13.56  2.0 years
Granted —  — 
Forfeited/ Expired (15,780) 11.00 
Exercised (39,880) 14.49 
Outstanding, March 31, 2025 50,960  13.63  1.7 years $ 771 
Vested and Exercisable, March 31, 2025 50,960  $ 13.63  1.7 years $ 771 

The range of exercise prices is $12.00 to $14.65 per share.

As noted above, there was no compensation cost attributable to the options for the three months ended March 31, 2025 or for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as all options had been fully expensed as of December 31, 2020. The fair value of all awards outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $0.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively. No cash was received for options exercised in the three months ended March 31, 2025 or for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The Company repurchased 22,273 shares and 17,460 shares for options exercised in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

Time-Based Restricted Stock Units:

Restricted stock units ("RSUs") represent an obligation to deliver shares to an employee or director at a future date if certain vesting conditions are met. These awards are subject to a time-based vesting schedule and are settled in shares of the Company’s common stock. These awards do not provide dividend equivalent rights from the date of grant and do not provide voting rights. Unvested awards accrue dividends based on dividends paid on common shares, but those dividends are paid in cash upon satisfaction of the specified vesting requirements on the underlying award.



26




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
A summary of the status of the Company’s time-based vesting RSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:
Shares Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, January 1, 2025 297,817  $ 22.90 
Awarded 90,927  36.40 
Forfeited/Expired (944) 23.42 
Vested (88,117) 21.64 
Unvested and Expected to Vest, March 31, 2025 299,683  $ 27.37 
As of March 31, 2025, there was $8.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested RSUs. The weighted average period to recognize unrecognized compensation is 1.2 years. The Company repurchased 61,408 shares and 30,183 shares for RSUs vested during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units:
Performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs") represent an obligation to deliver shares to an employee at a future date if certain vesting conditions are met. These awards are subject to the satisfaction of performance conditions or the satisfaction of market conditions, and are settled in shares of the Company’s common stock. These awards do not provide dividend equivalent rights from the date of grant and do not provide voting rights. Unvested awards accrue dividends based on dividends paid on common shares, but those dividends are paid in cash upon satisfaction of the specified vesting requirements on the underlying award. PSUs are granted at target shares. The minimum and maximum awards that are achievable are 0% and 150%, respectively, of the target shares granted.
A summary of the status of the Company’s performance-based vesting PSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:
Shares Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, January 1, 2025 242,240  $ 21.83 
Performance Addition 25,418  8.84 
Awarded 59,415  36.78 
Forfeited/Expired —  — 
Vested (76,245) 17.71 
Unvested and Expected to Vest, March 31, 2025 250,828  $ 26.20 
As of March 31, 2025, the Company reserved an additional 125,414 shares for issuance upon vesting of PSUs assuming the Company achieves the maximum share payout.

As of March 31, 2025, there was $7.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested PSUs. The weighted average period to recognize unrecognized compensation is 1.8 years.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company awarded 25,418 additional shares related to the performance achievement of corporate goals above target at a weighted average fair value of $8.84 per share. Included in these awards was 12,851 shares with a grant date fair market value of $17.48, and 12,567 shares that were based on market-conditions in which the achievement of the goal did not result in additional expense to the Company. Compensation expense attributable to the vesting of the performance shares was $0.2 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company granted 59,415 PSUs at target achievement of the Company's corporate goals at a weighted average fair value of $36.78 per share which vest subject to the achievement of the Company’s corporate goals. The corporate goals are based on the achievement of a target increase in Tangible Book Value, adjusted for certain factors, and the Company's relative total shareholder return compared to a group of peer banks.


27




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Deferred Restricted Stock Units:
The Bonus Deferral And Stock Purchase Plan ("BDSPP") provides for a bonus deferral opportunity with matching benefits to certain executives. Under the BDSPP, deferred restricted stock units ("DSUs") represent an obligation to deliver shares to an employee at a future date if certain vesting conditions are met. The plan allows for participating executives to defer up to 100% of their annual incentive plan bonus in the form of deferred restricted stock units ("DSUs") which will convert to shares issuable upon the earliest to occur of the executive’s separation from service (including death), a change of control or a qualifying financial emergency. The Company will match 100% up to 35% of any deferred bonus, in the form of additional DSUs credited to participants' plan accounts. These awards do not provide dividend equivalent rights from the date of grant and do not provide voting rights.
A summary of the status of the Company’s DSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:
Shares Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, January 1, 2025 $ — 
Deferred bonus 16,304 — 
Employer match 16,304 29.87 
Forfeited/Expired — 
Vested (16,304) 29.87 
Unvested and Expected to Vest, March 31, 2025 16,304 $ 29.87 
As of March 31, 2025, there was $0.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested DSUs. The weighted average period to recognize unrecognized compensation is 1.4 years.
Compensation expense attributable to employee RSUs, PSUs, and DSUs was $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Compensation expense attributable to director RSUs was $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On April 28, 2021, the Company's stockholders approved the Amalgamated Financial Corp. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP") which was implemented on March 2, 2022. The aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be purchased and issued under the ESPP will not exceed 500,000 of previously authorized shares. Under the terms of the ESPP, employees may authorize the withholding of up to 15% of their eligible compensation to purchase the Company's shares of common stock, not to exceed $25,000 of the fair market value of such common stock for any calendar year. The purchase price per shares acquired under the ESPP will never be less than 85% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the last day of the offering period. The Company's Board of Directors in its discretion may terminate the ESPP at any time with respect to any shares for which options have not been granted.

The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the "Committee") has the right to amend the ESPP without the approval of our stockholders; provided, that no such change may impair the rights of a participant with respect to any outstanding offering period without the consent of such participant, other than a change determined by the Committee to be necessary to comply with applicable law. A participant may not dispose of shares acquired under the ESPP until six months following the grant date of such shares, or any earlier date as of which the Committee has determined that the participant would qualify for a hardship distribution from the Company’s 401(k) Plan. Accordingly, the fair value award associated with their discounted purchase price is expensed at the time of purchase. As of March 31, 2025, there were 387,731 shares available for the purchase under ESPP. The expense related to the discount on purchased shares for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 was $41 thousand and $37 thousand, respectively, and is recorded within compensation and employee benefits expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
28




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
9.     FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assumptions are developed based on prioritizing information within a fair value hierarchy that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data. A description of the disclosure hierarchy and the types of financial instruments recorded at fair value that management believes would generally qualify for each category are as follows:
Level 1 - Valuations are based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Accordingly, valuation of these assets and liabilities does not entail a significant degree of judgment. Examples include most U.S. Government securities and exchange-traded equity securities.
Level 2 - Valuations are based on either quoted prices in markets that are not considered to be active or significant inputs to the methodology that are observable, either directly or indirectly. Financial instruments in this level would generally include mortgage-related securities and other debt issued by GSEs, non-GSE mortgage-related securities, corporate debt, certain redeemable fund investments and certain trust preferred securities.
Level 3 - Valuations are based on inputs to the methodology that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own judgments about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets and liabilities.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Available for sale securities
The Company’s available for sale securities are reported at fair value. Investments in fixed income securities are generally valued based on evaluations provided by an independent pricing service. These evaluations represent an exit price or their opinion as to what a buyer would pay for a security, typically in an institutional round lot position, in a current sale. The pricing service utilizes evaluated pricing techniques that vary by asset class and incorporate available market information and, because many fixed income securities do not trade on a daily basis, applies available information through processes such as benchmark curves, benchmarking of available securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing. Model processes, such as option adjusted spread models, are used to value securities that have prepayment features. In those limited cases where pricing service evaluations are not available for a fixed income security, management will typically value those instruments using observable market inputs in a discounted cash flow analysis.
Derivatives

Derivatives represent interest rate option contracts and interest rate swaps and estimated fair values are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date.
















29




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following summarizes those financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of the dates indicated, categorized by the relevant class of investment and level of the fair value hierarchy:
March 31, 2025
(In thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Financial Assets:
Available for sale securities:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ —  $ 527,989  $ —  $ 527,989 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs —  244,079  —  244,079 
ABS —  671,036  —  671,036 
Corporate —  95,063  —  95,063 
Other 200  7,760  —  7,960 
PACE assessments:
Residential PACE assessments —  —  161,147  161,147 
Other assets - Cash flow hedges —  2,103  —  2,103 
Total assets carried at fair value $ 200  $ 1,548,030  $ 161,147  $ 1,709,377 

December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Financial Assets:
Available for sale securities:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ —  $ 508,158  $ —  $ 508,158 
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs —  214,175  —  214,175 
ABS —  652,334  —  652,334 
Corporate —  98,315  —  98,315 
Other 200  3,865  —  4,065 
PACE assessments:
Residential PACE assessments —  —  152,011  152,011 
Other assets - Cash flow hedges —  2,168  —  2,168 
Total assets carried at fair value $ 200  $ 1,479,015  $ 152,011  $ 1,631,226 














30




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The table below presents a reconciliation of all assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024:

Residential PACE Assessments
March 31, 2025 March 31, 2024
(In thousands)
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets at January 1 $ 152,011  $ 53,303 
Amortization included in interest income (119) 261 
Change in unrealized holding gains/losses included in other comprehensive income 2,436  536 
Purchases 11,291  34,879 
Sales —  (6,284)
Principal paydowns (4,472) (437)
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets at March 31 $ 161,147  $ 82,258 

The fair value of the Company's PACE assessments are determined internally by calculating discounted cash flows using expected conditional prepayment rates, market spreads, and the Treasury yield curve. Qualitative assessments from recent commentary from dealers or investors or issuers, information revealed from secondary market trades of clean energy senior asset-backed securities, and volatility in the marketplace are reviewed and incorporated into the calculations.

The following table presents quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

March 31, 2025
Fair Value
Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
Range (Weighted Average)
(In thousands)
Residential PACE assessments $ 161,147 
Discounted cash flow
Conditional prepayment rate
7.0%-26.0% (19.7%)
December 31, 2024
Fair Value
Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
Range (Weighted Average)
(In thousands)
Residential PACE assessments $ 152,011 
Discounted cash flow
Conditional prepayment rate
7.0%-25.0% (18.9%)


Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis
Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. That is, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances. Financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include certain individually evaluated loans (or impaired loans prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13) reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral.




31




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables summarize assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of the dates indicated, categorized by the relevant class of investment and level of the fair value hierarchy:
March 31, 2025
(In thousands) Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value Measurements:
Individually analyzed loans $ 1,052  $ —  $ —  $ 1,052  $ 1,052 
December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value Measurements:
Individually analyzed loans $ 1,052  $ —  $ —  $ 1,052  $ 1,052 


32




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value
For those financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value in the consolidated statements of financial condition, but are measured at fair value for disclosure purposes, management follows the same fair value measurement principles and guidance as for instruments recorded at fair value. For a description of the methods, factors and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair values for significant categories of financial instruments not measured at fair value, refer to Note 14, Fair Value of Financial Instruments, included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
There are significant limitations in estimating the fair value of financial instruments for which an active market does not exist. Due to the degree of management judgment that is often required, such estimates tend to be subjective, sensitive to changes in assumptions and imprecise. Such estimates are made as of a point in time and are impacted by then-current observable market conditions; also such estimates do not give consideration to transaction costs or tax effects if estimated unrealized gains or losses were to become realized in the future. Because of inherent uncertainties of valuation, the estimated fair value may differ significantly from the value that would have been used had a ready market for the investment existed and the difference could be material. Lastly, consideration is not given to nonfinancial instruments, including various intangible assets, which could represent substantial value. Fair value estimates are not necessarily representative of the Company’s total enterprise value.
The following table summarizes the financial statement basis and estimated fair values for significant categories of financial instruments:
March 31, 2025
(In thousands) Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Estimated Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 65,714  $ 65,714  $ —  $ —  $ 65,714 
Held-to-maturity securities 1,573,117  —  496,622  947,021  1,443,643 
Loans held for sale 3,667  —  —  3,667  3,667 
Loans receivable, net 4,619,830  —  —  4,421,807  4,421,807 
Resell agreements 41,651  —  —  41,651  41,651 
Accrued interest receivable 55,092  302  12,142 42,648  55,092 
Financial liabilities:
Deposits payable on demand $ 7,185,668  $ —  $ 7,185,668  $ —  $ 7,185,668 
Time deposits 226,404  —  226,117  —  226,117 
FHLBNY advances 5,952  —  5,944  —  5,944 
Subordinated debt, net 63,724  —  56,874  —  56,874 
Accrued interest payable 2,908  —  2,908  —  2,908 
    
33




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Carrying
Value
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Estimated
Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 60,749  $ 60,749  $ —  $ —  $ 60,749 
Held-to-maturity securities 1,586,205  —  499,564  933,156  1,432,720 
Loans held for sale 37,593  —  —  37,593  37,593 
Loans receivable, net 4,612,838  —  —  4,352,266  4,352,266 
Resell agreements 23,741  —  —  23,741  23,741 
Accrued interest receivable 61,172  44  11,781  49,347  61,172 
Financial liabilities:
Deposits payable on demand $ 6,941,390  $ —  $ 6,941,390  $ —  $ 6,941,390 
Time deposits 239,215  —  238,788  —  238,788 
FHLBNY advances 250,706  —  250,709  —  250,709 
Subordinated debt, net 63,703  —  57,651  —  57,651 
Accrued interest payable 2,356  —  2,356  —  2,356 
34




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
10. DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts.

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to manage its exposure to interest rate movements and to add stability to net interest income. To accomplish this objective, the Company has entered into interest rate cash flow hedges as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had one interest rate swap with a notional value of $100.0 million and two interest rate option contracts with a floor with a notional value of $165.0 million, hedging floating-rate available for sale securities.

Effect of Derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

All cash flow hedges are recorded gross on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The tables below present the outstanding notional balances and the fair value of the Company’s derivative assets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.


March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Notional Amount Fair Value (Other Assets) Notional Amount Fair Value (Other Assets)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Cash flow hedges - interest rate products $ 265,000  $ 2,103  $ 265,000  $ 2,168 

Effect of Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on the Consolidated Statements of Operations

The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments on the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Three months ended Three months ended
March 31, 2025 March 31, 2024
(In thousands) Interest Income Interest Expense Interest Income Interest Expense
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationship:
Gain reclassified from accumulated OCI into income $ 115  $ —  $ —  $ — 

Cash Flow Hedges

Cash flow hedges involve the receipt of fixed amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. The Company uses these types of derivatives to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing or forecasted variable-rate securities.



35




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified into interest income in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest income as interest payments are received on the Company’s variable-rate securities. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that an additional $216.4 thousand will be reclassified as a reduction in interest income.

The Company did not terminate any derivatives during the three months ended March 31, 2025. There were no derivatives during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The table below presents the effect of the cash flow hedge accounting on accumulated other comprehensive income for the periods indicated:

Three months ended
March 31,
(In thousands) 2025 2024
Gain recognized in other comprehensive income $ 212  $ — 
Gain reclassified from other comprehensive income into interest income 115  — 

36




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
11.     COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND OFF BALANCE SHEET RISK
Credit Commitments
The Company is party to various credit related financial instruments with off balance sheet risk. The Company, in the normal course of business, issues such financial instruments in order to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of financial condition.
The following financial instruments were outstanding whose contract amounts represent credit risk as of the related periods:
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(In thousands)
Commitments to extend credit $ 491,415  $ 442,761 
Standby letters of credit 30,046  29,715 
Total $ 521,461  $ 472,476 

Included in the above table are extensions of credit to related parties and affiliates. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had $70.0 million of lines of credit and $0.3 million of standby letters of credit. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $70.0 million of lines of credit and $0.3 million of standby letters of credit.

Commitments to extend credit are contracts to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. These commitments have fixed expiration dates and other termination clauses and generally require the payment of nonrefundable fees. Since a portion of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the contractual principal amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. These instruments represent ultimate exposure to credit risk only to the extent they are subsequently drawn upon by customers.
Standby letters of credit are conditional lending commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the financial performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The balance sheet carrying value of standby letters of credit approximates any nonrefundable fees received but not yet recorded as income. The Company considers this carrying value, which is not material, to approximate the estimated fair value of these financial instruments.
The Company reserves for the credit risk inherent in off balance sheet credit commitments. This allowance, which is included in other liabilities, amounted to approximately $4.6 million as of March 31, 2025, compared to an allowance of $4.1 million as of December 31, 2024. The provision of credit losses related to off balance sheet credit commitments was $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Investment Obligations

The Company is a party to agreements with Pace Funding Group LLC, which operates Home Run Financing, for the purchase of PACE assessment securities until December 2026. As of March 31, 2025, the estimated remaining commitment was $228.4 million. The PACE assessments have equal-lien priority with property taxes and generally rank senior to first lien mortgages. These investments are currently held in the Company's available for sale and held-to-maturity investment portfolios. The Company evaluates these obligations for credit risk and the recorded reserve is immaterial.
Other Commitments and Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, there are various legal proceedings pending against the Company. Based on the opinion of counsel, management believes that the aggregate liabilities, if any, arising from such actions would not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company. As part of the Company's ongoing investments in Variable Interest Entities projects, we also have commitments to provide financing, which are included in Note 14.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
12.     LEASES
The Bank as a lessee has operating leases primarily consisting of real estate arrangements where the Company operates its headquarters, branches and business production offices. All leases identified as in scope are accounted for as operating leases as of March 31, 2025. These leases are typically long-term leases and generally are not complicated arrangements or structures. Several of the leases contain renewal options at a rate comparable to the fair market value based on comparable analysis to similar properties in the Bank’s geographies.
Real estate operating leases are presented as a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a related operating lease liability on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The ROU asset represents the Company’s right to use the underlying asset for the lease term and the operating lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The Company applied its incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”) as the discount rate to the remaining lease payments to derive a present value calculation for initial measurement of the operating lease liability. The IBR reflects the interest rate the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
During April 2025, the Company entered into a fifteen year lease agreement for the Company's headquarters. The base rent amount for the premises commences at $6.2 million per annum and is escalated by approximately 9% on the fifth anniversary of rent commencement and by an additional approximately 8% on the tenth anniversary of rent commencement. The company is expected to move to the new premises in mid 2026.
As of March 31, 2025, the ROU lease asset was $12.5 million and operating lease liability was $17.2 million. As of December 31, 2024, the ROU lease asset was $14.2 million and operating lease liability was $19.7 million.
The following table summarizes our lease cost and other operating lease information:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
(In thousands)
Operating lease cost $ 2,051  $ 1,840 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating leases liability 2,743  4,186 
Note: Sublease income and variable income or expense considered immaterial
The lease expiration dates ranged from 0 to 3 years for both March 31, 2025, and March 31, 2024.
The weighted average remaining lease term on operating leases at March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 was 1.7 years and 2.9 years, respectively.
The weighted average discount rate used for the operating lease liability was 3.31% and 3.15% at March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.
The following table presents the remaining commitments for operating lease payments for the next five years and thereafter, as well as a reconciliation to the discounted operating leases liability recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2025:

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
(In thousands) As of March 31, 2025
2025 $ 8,035 
2026 8,877 
2027 747 
2028 and thereafter — 
Total undiscounted operating lease payments 17,659 
Less: present value adjustment 469 
Total Operating leases liability $ 17,190 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
13.     GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill

In accordance with GAAP, the Company performs an annual test as of June 30 to identify potential impairment of goodwill, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment may exist. If the carrying amount of the Company, as a sole reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess up to the amount of the recorded goodwill.

The Company performed its annual test based upon market data as of June 30, 2024 and estimates and assumptions that the Company believes most appropriate for the analysis. Based on the qualitative analysis performed in accordance with ASC 350, the Company determined it more likely than not that goodwill was not impaired as of June 30, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, there were no events or circumstances that would indicate that a potential impairment exists. Changes in certain assumptions used in the Company's assessment could result in significant differences in the results of the impairment test. Should market conditions or management’s assumptions change significantly in the future, an impairment to goodwill is possible.

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the carrying amount of goodwill was $12.9 million.

The gross carrying amount of the core deposit intangible was $9.1 million, and the accumulated amortization of the core deposit intangible was $7.8 million and $7.6 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the carrying amount of the core deposit intangible was $1.3 million and $1.5 million, respectively.

Amortization expense recognized on the core deposit intangible was $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

The following table reflects the estimated amortization expense, comprised entirely by the Company’s core deposit intangible asset, for the next five years and thereafter:
(In thousands) Total
2025 $ 430 
2026 419 
2027 265 
2028 111 
2029 33 
Thereafter 85 
Total $ 1,343 

















40




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
14.     VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
Tax Credit Investments

The Company makes investments in unconsolidated entities that construct, own and operate solar generation facilities. An unrelated third party is the managing member and has control over the significant activities of the variable interest entities ("VIE"). The Company generates a return through the receipt of tax credits allocated to the projects, as well as operational distributions. The primary risk of loss is generally mitigated by policies requiring that the project qualify for the expected tax credits prior to the Company making its investment. Any loans to the VIE are secured. As of March 31, 2025, the Company's maximum exposure to loss is $50.7 million.
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(In thousands)
Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities
Tax credit investments included in equity investments $ 1,889  $ 4,732 
Loan commitments 48,797  49,744 
Funded portion of loan commitments 48,797  49,744 
The following table summarizes the tax benefits conveyed by the Company’s solar generation VIE investments:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
(In thousands)
Tax credits and other tax benefits recognized $ 1,985  $ 863 



41




Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
15.     SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company's reportable segment is determined by the Chief Executive Officer, who is the designated chief operating decision maker, based upon information provided about the Company's products and services offered, primarily banking operations. Substantially all of our operations occur through the Bank and involve the delivery of loan and deposit products to customers. Management makes operating decisions and assesses performance based on an ongoing review of its banking operation, which constitutes our only operating segment for financial reporting purposes. We do not consider our trust and investment management business as a separate segment. The accounting policies of the Company's segment are the same as those described in the Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in our 2024 Annual Report.


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Item 2.      Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

General
In this discussion, unless the context indicates otherwise, references to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to Amalgamated Financial Corp. and Amalgamated Bank. References to the “Bank” refer to Amalgamated Bank.

The following is a discussion of our consolidated financial condition as of March 31, 2025, as compared to December 31, 2024, and our results of operations for the three month periods ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024. The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about our financial condition and results of operations which is not otherwise apparent from our consolidated financial statements and is intended to provide insight into our results of operations and financial condition. This discussion and analysis is best read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes as well as the financial and statistical data appearing elsewhere in this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “2024 Annual Report”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 6, 2025. Historical results of operations and the percentage relationships among any amounts included, and any trends that may appear, may not indicate results of operations for any future periods.
In addition to historical information, this discussion includes certain forward-looking statements regarding business matters and events and trends that may affect our future results. For additional information regarding forward-looking statements and our related cautionary disclosures, see the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” beginning on page ii of this report.

Overview
Our business
The Company was formed on August 25, 2020 to serve as the holding company for the Bank, effective March 1, 2021 when the Company acquired the common stock of the Bank. The Bank was formed in 1923 as Amalgamated Bank of New York by the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, one of the country’s oldest labor unions. Although we are no longer majority union-owned, The Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America’s successor, Workers United, an affiliate of the Service Employees International Union that represents workers in the textile, distribution, food service and gaming industries, remains a significant stockholder, holding approximately 37% of our equity as of March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, our total assets were $8.29 billion, our total loans, net of allowance for credit losses were $4.62 billion, our total deposits were $7.41 billion, and our stockholders' equity was $736.0 million. As of March 31, 2025, our trust business held $35.71 billion in assets under custody and $14.23 billion in assets under management.
We offer a complete suite of commercial and retail banking, investment management and trust and custody services. Our commercial banking and trust businesses are national in scope and we also offer a full range of products and services to both commercial and retail customers through our three branch offices across New York City, one branch office in Washington, D.C., one branch office in San Francisco, one commercial office in Boston and our digital banking platform. Our corporate divisions include Commercial Banking, Trust and Investment Management and Consumer Banking. Our product line includes residential mortgage loans, commercial and industrial ("C&I") loans, commercial real estate ("CRE") loans, multifamily loans, consumer loans (predominantly residential solar) and a variety of commercial and consumer deposit products, including non-interest-bearing accounts, interest-bearing demand products, savings accounts, money market accounts and certificates of deposit. We also offer online banking and bill payment services, online cash management, safe deposit box rentals, debit card and ATM card services, and the availability of a nationwide network of ATMs for our customers.
We currently offer a wide range of trust, custody and investment management services, including asset safekeeping, corporate actions, income collections, proxy services, account transition, asset transfers, and conversion management. We also offer a broad range of investment products, including both index and actively-managed funds spanning equity, fixed-income, real estate and alternative investment strategies to meet the needs of our clients. Our products and services are tailored to our target customer base that prefers a financial partner that is socially responsible, values-oriented and committed to creating positive change in the world. These customers include advocacy-based non-profits, social welfare organizations, national labor unions, political organizations, foundations, socially responsible businesses, and other for-profit companies that seek to balance their profit-making activities with activities that benefit their other stakeholders, as well as the members and stakeholders of these commercial customers.

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Our goal is to be the go-to financial partner for people and organizations who strive to make a meaningful impact in our society and who care about their communities, the environment, and social justice. The growth of our business is fundamental to our social mission and how we deliver impact and value for our stakeholders. The Company has obtained B CorporationTM certification, a distinction earned after being evaluated under rigorous standards of social and environmental performance, accountability, and transparency. The Company is also the largest of twelve commercial financial institutions in the United States that are members of the Global Alliance for Banking on Values, a network of banking leaders from around the world committed to advancing positive change in the banking sector. We hold governance positions in the United Nations ("UN") convened Net Zero Banking Alliance and the Global Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials ("PCAF") and an advisory role for the Glasgow Finance Alliance for Net Zero.
Critical and Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared based on the application of accounting policies generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, and conform to general practices within the banking industry. Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1 of our audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2024 Annual Report.

There have been no significant changes to our significant accounting policies, or the estimates made pursuant to those policies as described in our 2024 Annual Report.

Management has identified accounting policies that, due to the estimates, assumptions and judgments inherent in those policies, are critical in understanding our financial statements. Management has presented the application of these policies to the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.

Allowance for credit losses on loans

Methods and Assumptions Underlying the Estimate

The allowance for credit losses is established and maintained through a provision for credit losses based on expected losses inherent in our loan portfolio. Management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance on a quarterly basis, and additions to the allowance are charged to expense and subsequent changes (favorable and unfavorable) in expected credit losses are recognized immediately in net income as a credit loss expense or a reversal of credit loss expense. Loans are charged off against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed, expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off.

Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires judgment by management about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. In determining the allowance for credit losses for loans that share similar risk characteristics, the Company utilizes a model which compares the amortized cost basis of the loan to the net present value of expected cash flows to be collected. Expected credit losses are determined by aggregating the individual cash flows and calculating a loss percentage by loan segment for loans that share similar risk characteristics. For a loan that does not share risk characteristics with other loans, the Company will evaluate the loan on an individual basis. Within the model, assumptions are made in the determination of baseline loss rates, severity rates, reasonable and supportable economic forecasts, and prepayment rates.

The Company assesses the sensitivity of key assumptions at least annually by stressing the assumptions to understand the impact on the model. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of our allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond our control which are inherently difficult to predict, the most significant being the macroeconomic forecasts. The Company's forecast of economic conditions considers baseline, favorable, and adverse scenarios. As economic conditions can change, the anticipated amount of estimated loan defaults and losses, and therefore the adequacy of the allowance, could change significantly. Economic conditions more favorable than forecasted could lead to reductions in the amount of the allowance, and conversely conditions more adverse than forecasted could require increases in the amount of the allowance. Changes in economic forecasts may not occur in the same direction or magnitude across all segments of our loan portfolio and deterioration in some quantitative inputs may offset improvement in others. The Company selects the economic forecast that is most reflective of expectations at that point in time, and changes could significantly impact the calculated estimated credit losses.

For segments that rely on a peer group to develop baseline loss rates, statistical regression is utilized to relate historical macro-economic variables to historical credit loss experience of a peer group of banks. These models are then utilized to forecast future expected credit losses based on expected future behavior of the same macro-economic variables. Adjustments to the quantitative results are made using qualitative factors.
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These factors include: (1) borrowers' financial condition; (2) borrowers' ability to pay; (3) nature and volume of financial assets; (4) value of the underlying collateral; (5) lending policies and procedures; (6) quality of the loan review system; (7) the experience, ability, and depth of staff; (8) regulatory and legal environment; (9) changes in market conditions; and (10) changes in economic conditions.

For loans that do not share risk characteristics, the Company evaluates these loans on an individual basis based on various factors. Factors that may be considered are borrowers delinquency trends and nonaccrual status, probability of foreclosure or note sale, changes in the borrowers' circumstances or cash collections, borrowers' industry, or other facts and circumstances of the loan or collateral. The expected credit loss is measured based on net realizable value, that is, the difference between the discounted value of the expected future cash flows, based on the original effective interest rate, and the amortized cost basis of the loan. For collateral dependent loans, expected credit loss is measured as the difference between the amortized cost basis of the loan and the fair value of the collateral, less estimated costs to sell.

Uncertainties Regarding the Estimate

Estimating the timing and amounts of future losses is subject to significant management judgment as these projected cash flows rely upon the estimates discussed within the Allowance for Credit Losses policy and factors that are reflective of current or future expected conditions. These estimates depend on the duration of current overall economic conditions, industry, borrowers, or portfolio specific conditions. Volatility in certain credit metrics and differences between expected and actual outcomes are to be expected.

Customers may not repay their loans according to the original terms, and the collateral securing the payment of those loans may be insufficient to pay any remaining loan balance. Bank regulators periodically review our allowance for credit losses and may require us to increase our provision for credit losses or loan charge-offs.

Impact on Financial Condition and Results of Operations

If our assumptions prove to be incorrect, the allowance for credit losses may not be sufficient to cover expected losses in the loan portfolio, resulting in additions to the allowance. Future additions or reductions to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in economic, market or other conditions. Changes in estimates could result in a material change in the allowance through charges to earnings and could materially decrease our net income.

We may experience significant credit losses if borrowers' experience financial difficulties, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of the examination process, periodically review the allowance for credit losses. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize adjustments to the allowance based on their judgments of the information available to them at the time of their examination.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Effective in 2024 and onward
ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323) - Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method
On March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method, which is intended to expand the use of the proportional amortization method of accounting, previously allowed only for investments in low-income housing tax credit structures, to equity investments in other tax credit structures that meet certain criteria. The proportional amortization method results in the tax credit investment being amortized in proportion to the allocation of tax credits and other tax benefits in each period, and net presentation within the income tax line item. This expansion to other investments simplifies the accounting for reporting entities and can provide users with a better understanding of these investments. The Company adopted the standard for the year ended December 31, 2024. The adoption did not impact the existing equity investments in tax structures.
ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
On November 27, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses.
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In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. The purpose of the amendments is to enable investors to better understand an entity’s overall performance and assess potential future cash flows. A public entity should apply the amendments retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Upon transition, the segment expense categories and amounts disclosed in the prior periods should be based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. This ASU is effective for the year ended December 31, 2024 and for interim reporting periods beginning with the quarter ended March 31, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect an impact of this standard on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.


Results of Operations

General

Our results of operations depend substantially on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income on interest-earning assets, consisting primarily of interest income on loans, investment securities and other short-term investments and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, consisting primarily of interest expense for deposits and borrowings. Our results of operations are also dependent on non-interest income, consisting primarily of income from Trust Department fees, service charges on deposit accounts, net gains on sales of investment securities and income from bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”). Other factors contributing to our results of operations include our provisions for credit losses, income taxes, and non-interest expenses, such as salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and depreciation expenses, professional fees, technology fees and other miscellaneous operating costs.

Net income for the first quarter of 2025 was $25.0 million, or $0.81 per diluted share, compared to $27.2 million, or $0.89 per diluted share, for the first quarter of 2024. The $2.2 million decrease was primarily due to a $3.8 million decrease in non-interest income, a $3.5 million increase in non-interest expense, and a $1.2 million increase in interest expense, offset by a $3.8 million increase in interest and dividend income, a $1.6 million decrease in income tax expense, and a $1.0 million decrease in provision for credit losses.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income, representing interest income less interest expense, is a significant contributor to our revenues and earnings. We generate interest income from interest, dividends and prepayment fees on interest-earning assets, including loans, investment securities and other short-term investments. We incur interest expense from interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities, including interest-bearing deposits, subordinated debt, Federal Home Loan Bank of New York ("FHLBNY") advances, federal funds purchased and other borrowings. To evaluate net interest income, we measure and monitor (i) yields on our loans, investments, and other interest-earning assets, (ii) the costs of our deposits and other funding sources, (iii) our net interest spread and (iv) our net interest margin. Net interest spread is equal to the difference between rates earned on interest-earning assets and rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is equal to the annualized net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets. Because non-interest-bearing sources of funds, such as non-interest-bearing deposits and stockholders’ equity, also fund interest-earning assets, net interest margin includes the benefit of these non-interest-bearing sources.

Changes in the market interest rates and interest rates we earn on interest-earning assets or pay on interest-bearing liabilities, as well as the volume and types of interest-earning assets, interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing liabilities, are usually the largest drivers of periodic changes in net interest spread, net interest margin and net interest income.


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Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

The following table sets forth information related to our average balance sheet, average yields on assets, and average costs of liabilities for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2024
(In thousands) Average
Balance
Income /
Expense
Yield /
Rate
Average
Balance
Income /
Expense
Yield /
Rate
   Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits in banks $ 121,321  $ 1,194  3.99  % $ 205,369  $ 2,592  5.08  %
Securities(1)
3,220,590  40,867  5.15  % 3,170,356  41,064  5.21  %
Resell agreements 30,169  786  10.57  % 79,011  1,326  6.75  %
Total loans, net (2)
4,695,264  57,843  5.00  % 4,390,489  51,952  4.76  %
   Total interest-earning assets 8,067,344  100,690  5.06  % 7,845,225  96,934  4.97  %
   Non-interest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks 5,045  5,068 
Other assets 220,589  226,270 
   Total assets $ 8,292,978  $ 8,076,563 
   Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings, NOW and money market deposits $ 4,242,786  $ 26,806  2.56  % $ 3,591,551  $ 21,872  2.45  %
Time deposits 232,683  2,111  3.68  % 188,045  1,576  3.37  %
Brokered CDs —  —  0.00  % 190,240  2,443  5.16  %
   Total interest-bearing deposits 4,475,469  28,917  2.62  % 3,969,836  25,891  2.62  %
Borrowings 134,340  1,196  3.61  % 288,093  3,006  4.20  %
   Total interest-bearing liabilities 4,609,809  30,113  2.65  % 4,257,929  28,897  2.73  %
   Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand and transaction deposits 2,901,061  3,138,238 
Other liabilities 59,728  79,637 
   Total liabilities 7,570,598  7,475,804 
   Stockholders' equity 722,380  600,759 
   Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 8,292,978  $ 8,076,563 
   Net interest income / interest rate spread $ 70,577  2.41  % $ 68,037  2.24  %
   Net interest-earning assets / net interest margin $ 3,457,535  3.55  % $ 3,587,296  3.49  %
Total deposits / total cost of deposits $ 7,376,530  1.59  % $ 7,108,074  1.46  %
Total funding / total cost of funds $ 7,510,870  1.63  % $ 7,396,167  1.57  %
(1) Includes FHLBNY stock in the average balance, and dividend income on FHLBNY stock in interest income.
(2) Includes prepayment penalty income in 1Q2025 and 1Q2024 of $0 and $18 thousand, respectively.

Net interest income was $70.6 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to $68.0 million for the first quarter of 2024. The $2.6 million increase, or 3.8% increase from the first quarter of 2024 was primarily attributable to higher yields and average balances on interest-earning assets, partially offset by higher costs and average balances on interest-bearing liabilities.

Net interest spread was 2.41% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 2.24% for the same period in 2024, an increase of 17 basis points. Our net interest margin was 3.55% for the first quarter of 2025, an increase of 6 basis points from 3.49% in the first quarter of 2024. This was largely due to increases in yields and average balances on interest-bearing assets, partially offset by an increase in total cost of funds.

47



The yield on average earning assets was 5.06% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 4.97% for the same period in 2024, an increase of 9 basis points. This increase was driven primarily by the current rate environment resulting in increased yields across securities and loan portfolios.

The average rate on interest-bearing liabilities was 2.65% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a decrease of 8 basis points from the same period in 2024, which was primarily due to a decrease in interest expense paid for deposits, particularly in savings, NOW, money market deposits and time deposits. Non-interest-bearing deposits represented 39.3% of average deposits for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 44.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.


Rate-Volume Analysis
Increases and decreases in interest income and interest expense result from changes in average balances (volume) of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as well as changes in weighted average interest rates. The table below presents the effect of volume and rate changes on interest income and expense. Changes in volume are changes in the average balance multiplied by the previous period’s average rate. Changes in rate are changes in the average rate multiplied by the average balance from the previous period. The net changes attributable to the combined impact of both rate and volume have been allocated proportionately to the changes due to volume and the changes due to rate:
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025 over March 31, 2024
(In thousands) Volume Changes Due To
Rate
Net Change
   Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits in banks $ (1,003) $ (395) $ (1,398)
Securities
443  (640) (197)
Resell agreements (915) 375  (540)
Total loans, net 3,387  2,504  5,891 
   Total interest income 1,912  1,844  3,756 
   Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings, NOW and money market deposits 3,855  1,079  4,934 
Time deposits 372  163  535 
Brokered CDs (2,443) —  (2,443)
   Total deposits 1,784  1,242  3,026 
Borrowings (1,977) 167  (1,810)
   Total interest expense (193) 1,409  1,216 
Change in net interest income $ 2,105  $ 435  $ 2,540 
Provision for Credit Losses

We establish an allowance for credit losses through a provision for credit losses charged as an expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Provision for credit losses totaled an expense of $0.6 million for the first quarter of 2025 compared to an expense of $1.6 million for the same period in 2024. Overall, the provision for credit losses during the first quarter of 2025 was primarily driven by charge offs on consumer solar and other C&I loans and increases in specific reserves, offset by improvements in the macroeconomic factors.
For a further discussion of the allowance, see “Allowance for Credit Losses” below.
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Non-Interest Income
Our non-interest income includes Trust Department fees, which consist of fees received in connection with investment advisory and custodial management services of investment accounts, service fees charged on deposit accounts, income on BOLI, gain or loss on sales of securities, gain or loss on sales of loans, changes in fair value on loans held-for-sale, income or losses from equity method investments, and other income.
The following table presents our non-interest income for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In thousands) 2025 2024
Trust Department fees $ 4,191  $ 3,854 
Service charges on deposit accounts 3,438  6,136 
Bank-owned life insurance income 626  609 
Losses on sale of securities (680) (2,774)
    Gain on sale of loans and changes in fair value on loans held-for-sale, net 832  47 
    Equity method investments (loss) income (2,508) 2,072 
Other income 507  285 
      Total non-interest income $ 6,406  $ 10,229 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Non-interest income was $6.4 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to $10.2 million for the first quarter in 2024. The decrease of $3.8 million in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2024 was primarily due to a $4.6 million decrease in income from equity investments and a $2.7 million decrease in service charges on deposit accounts primarily due to decreases in Insured Cash Sweep ("ICS") One-Way Sell income, offset by a $2.1 million decrease in losses on sale of securities, a $0.8 million increase in gain on sale of loans and changes in fair value on loans held-for-sale, a $0.3 million increase in trust department fees and a $0.2 million increase in other income. Our Trust Department fees were $4.2 million in the first quarter of 2025, and $3.9 million in the same period in 2024.

Non-Interest Expense
Non-interest expense includes compensation and employee benefits, occupancy and depreciation expense, professional fees (including legal, accounting and other professional services), technology, office maintenance and depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, advertising and promotion, federal deposit insurance premiums, and other expenses. The following table presents non-interest expense for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In thousands) 2025 2024
Compensation and employee benefits $ 23,314  $ 22,273 
Occupancy and depreciation 3,293  2,904 
Professional fees 4,739  2,376 
Technology 5,619  4,629 
Office maintenance and depreciation 629  663 
Amortization of intangible assets 144  183 
Advertising and promotion 51  1,219 
Federal deposit insurance premiums 900  1,050 
Other expense 2,961  2,855 
      Total non-interest expense $ 41,650  $ 38,152 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
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Non-interest expense for the first quarter of 2025 was $41.7 million, an increase of $3.5 million from $38.2 million for the first quarter of 2024. The increase was driven by a $2.4 million increase in professional fees and $1.0 million increase in compensation and benefits expense related to an expected increase in compensation due to increased headcount and corporate incentive payments, and a $1.0 million increase in technology expense, a $0.4 million increase in occupancy and depreciation expense and a $0.1 million increase in other expenses, partially offset by a $1.2 million decrease in advertising and promotion expense and a $0.2 million decrease in federal deposit insurance premiums expense.
Income Taxes

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

We had a provision for income tax expense of $9.7 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to $11.3 million for the first quarter of 2024. Our effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2025 was 28.0% compared to 29.2% for the first quarter of 2024.


Financial Condition

Balance Sheet

Our total assets were $8.29 billion at March 31, 2025, compared to $8.26 billion at December 31, 2024. Notable changes within individual balance sheet line items include a $231.5 million increase in deposits, a $65.1 million increase in securities, a $17.9 million increase in resell agreements, a $7.0 million increase in loans receivable, net, a $5.0 million increase in cash, and a $244.7 million decrease in borrowings.
Investment Securities

The primary goal of our securities portfolio is to maintain an available source of liquidity and an efficient investment return on excess capital, while maintaining a low-risk profile. We also use our securities portfolio to manage interest rate risk, meet Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) goals, support the Company's mission, and to provide collateral for certain types of deposits or borrowings. An Investment Committee chaired by our Chief Financial Officer manages our investment securities portfolio according to written investment policies approved by our Board of Directors. Investments in our securities portfolio may change over time based on management’s objectives and market conditions.

We seek to minimize credit risk in our securities portfolio through diversification, concentration limits, restrictions on high risk investments (such as subordinated positions), comprehensive pre-purchase analysis and stress testing, ongoing monitoring and by investing a significant portion of our securities portfolio in U.S. GSE obligations. GSEs include the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) and the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). GNMA is a wholly-owned U.S. Government corporation whereas FHLMC and FNMA are private. Mortgage-related securities may include mortgage pass-through certificates, participation certificates and CMOs. We invest in non-GSE securities, including property assessed clean energy ("PACE") assessments, in order to generate higher returns, improve portfolio diversification and reduce interest rate and prepayment risk. With the exception of small legacy CRA investments, Trust Preferred securities, and certain corporate bonds, all of our non-GSE securities are senior positions that are the top of the capital structure.

Our investment securities portfolio consists of securities classified as available for sale and held-to-maturity. There were no trading securities in our investment portfolio at March 31, 2025 or at December 31, 2024. All available for sale securities are carried at fair value and may be used for liquidity purposes should management consider it to be in our best interest.

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had available for sale securities of $1.71 billion and $1.63 billion, respectively.
Our held-to-maturity securities portfolio primarily consisted of PACE assessments, tax-exempt municipal securities, GSE commercial and residential certificates and other debt. We carry these securities at amortized cost. We had held-to-maturity securities of $1.57 billion at March 31, 2025, and $1.59 billion at December 31, 2024.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 we purchased a total of $161.8 million securities consisting of both available for sale and held-to-maturity, and sold available for sale securities resulting in proceeds of $16.1 million and a net realized loss of $0.7 million as part of normal and ongoing balance sheet management.
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Management measures expected credit losses on held-to-maturity debt securities on a collective basis by major security type. Accrued interest receivable on held-to-maturity debt securities totaled $19.2 million at March 31, 2025 and $27.0 million at December 31, 2024, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses, as accrued interest receivable is reversed for securities placed on nonaccrual status. The allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities at March 31, 2025 was $0.7 million compared to $0.7 million at December 31, 2024. The provision for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities was a recovery of $3.0 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to a recovery of $11.0 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security's amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For debt securities available-for-sale that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that an expected credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income.
Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as credit loss expense (or recovery). Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an available-for-sale security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met.
Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt securities totaled $12.0 million at March 31, 2025 and $11.7 million at December 31, 2024, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses, as accrued interest receivable is reversed for securities placed on nonaccrual status.
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The following table is a summary of our investment portfolio, using market value for available for sale securities and amortized cost excluding the allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities, as of the dates indicated.
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Amount % of
Portfolio
Amount % of
Portfolio
Available for sale:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ 527,989  16.1  % $ 508,158  15.8  %
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 244,079  7.4  % 214,175  6.7  %
ABS 671,036  20.5  % 652,334  20.3  %
Corporate 95,063  2.9  % 98,315  3.1  %
Other 7,960  0.2  % 4,065  0.1  %
PACE assessments:
Residential PACE assessments 161,147  4.9  % 152,011  4.7  %
       Total available for sale 1,707,274  52.0  % 1,629,058  50.7  %
Held-to-maturity:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ 186,534  5.7  % $ 188,194  5.9  %
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 72,781  2.2  % 73,850  2.3  %
ABS 210,921  6.4  % 215,161  6.7  %
Municipal 64,875  2.0  % 65,090  2.0  %
PACE assessments:
Commercial PACE assessments 271,200  8.3  % 268,692  8.4  %
Residential PACE assessments 767,507  23.4  % 775,922  24.0  %
           Total held-to-maturity 1,573,818  48.0  % 1,586,909  49.3  %
Total securities $ 3,281,092  100.0  % $ 3,215,967  100.0  %
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The following table show contractual maturities and yields for the available-for sale and held-to-maturity securities portfolios:
Contractual Maturity as of March 31, 2025
One Year or Less One to Five Years Five to Ten Years Due after Ten Years
(In thousands) Amortized
Cost
Weighted Average
Yield (1)
Amortized
Cost
Weighted Average
Yield (1)
Amortized
Cost
Weighted Average
Yield (1)
Amortized
Cost
Weighted Average
Yield (1)
Available for sale:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ —  —  % $ 4,146  3.0  % $ 60,510  4.3  % $ 486,638  4.2  %
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs —  —  % 6,750  5.8  % —  —  % 250,166  4.0  %
ABS —  —  % 22,188  6.0  % 187,932  6.0  % 473,168  5.5  %
Corporate —  —  % 27,483  4.4  % 76,002  3.7  % —  —  %
Other 200  4.3  % —  —  % —  —  % 7,536  5.7  %
PACE assessments:
Residential PACE assessments 22  —  % 1,442  0.1  % 4,029  0.1  % 151,391  7.3  %
Held-to-maturity:
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs —  —  % 14,577  3.1  % 22,122  3.0  % 149,835  2.9  %
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs —  —  % —  —  % —  —  % 72,781  2.3  %
ABS —  —  % —  —  % 119,330  6.1  % 91,591  3.9  %
Municipal —  —  % 9,463  3.7  % 13,178  3.4  % 42,234  2.5  %
PACE assessments:
Commercial PACE assessments —  —  % —  —  % 5,658  0.1  % 265,542  5.4  %
Residential PACE assessments 2,414  0.1  % 9,341  0.1  % 33,617  0.2  % 722,135  5.0  %
Total securities $ 2,636  4.3  % $ 95,390  4.5  % $ 522,378  5.3  % $ 2,713,017  4.8  %
(1) Estimated yield based on book price (amortized cost divided by par) using estimated prepayments and no change in interest rates.


The following table shows a breakdown of our asset-backed securities by sector and ratings at carrying value based on the fair value of available for sale securities and amortized cost of held-to-maturity securities as of March 31, 2025:

Expected Avg.
Life in Years
Credit Ratings
Highest Rating if split rated
(In thousands) Amount % %
Floating
% AAA % AA % A % BBB %Not
Rated
Total
Collateralized Loan Obligation ("CLO") Commercial & Industrial $ 523,630  61  % 3.1 100  % 98  % % % % % 100  %
Consumer 186,212  21  % 5.0 % 33  % 38  % 29  % % % 100  %
Mortgage 85,199  10  % 1.7 100  % 100  % % % % % 100  %
Student 72,454  % 4.1 76  % 73  % 27  % % % % 100  %
Total Securities: $ 867,495  100  % 3.4 77  % 82  % 12  % % % % 100  %


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Our securities portfolio primarily consists of high quality investments in mortgage-backed securities to government sponsored entities and other asset-backed securities and PACE assessments. All non-agency securities, composed of non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations, non-agency mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities, are senior tranche and approximately 82% carry AAA credit ratings and 18% carry A credit ratings or higher. Approximately 77% of this portfolio is classified as “available for sale.”

Loans
Lending related income is the most important component of our net interest income and is the main driver of our results of operations. Total loans, net of deferred origination fees and costs, and allowance for credit losses, were $4.62 billion as of March 31, 2025 compared to $4.61 billion as of December 31, 2024. Within our commercial loan portfolio, our primary focus has been on C&I, multifamily and CRE lending. We intend to focus any organic growth in our loan portfolio on these lending areas as part of our strategic plan.
The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
(In thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Amount % of total loans Amount % of total loans
Commercial portfolio:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,183,297  25.3  % $ 1,175,490  25.2  %
Multifamily mortgages 1,371,950  29.3  % 1,351,604  28.9  %
Commercial real estate mortgages 409,004  8.7  % 411,387  8.8  %
Construction and land development mortgages 20,690  0.4  % 20,683  0.4  %
   Total commercial portfolio 2,984,941  63.8  % 2,959,164  63.3  %
Retail portfolio:
Residential real estate lending 1,303,856  27.9  % 1,313,617  28.1  %
Consumer solar 356,601  7.6  % 365,516  7.8  %
Consumer and other 32,108  0.7  % 34,627  0.8  %
   Total retail portfolio 1,692,565  36.2  % 1,713,760  36.7  %
   Total loans 4,677,506  100.0  % 4,672,924  100.0  %
Allowance for credit losses (57,676) (60,086)
    Total loans, net $ 4,619,830  $ 4,612,838 

Commercial loan portfolio
Our commercial loan portfolio comprised 63.8% of our total loan portfolio at March 31, 2025 and 63.3% of our total loan portfolio at December 31, 2024. The major categories of our commercial loan portfolio are discussed below:
C&I. Our C&I loans are generally made to small and medium-sized manufacturers and wholesale, retail and service-based businesses to provide either working capital or to finance major capital expenditures. In addition, our C&I portfolio includes commercial solar financings; for many of these we are the sole lender, while for some others we are either the lead bank or are a participant in a syndicated credit facility led by another institution. The primary source of repayment for C&I loans is generally operating cash flows of the business or project. We also seek to minimize risks related to these loans by requiring such loans to be collateralized by various business assets (including inventory, equipment, accounts receivable, and the assignment of contracts that generate cash flow). The average size of our C&I loans at March 31, 2025 by exposure was $4.4 million with a median size of $1.1 million. Our lending strategy focuses on developing full customer relationships including deposits, cash management, and lending. The businesses that we focus on are generally mission aligned with our core values, including organic and natural products, sustainable companies, clean energy, nonprofits, and B Corporations TM.
Our C&I loans totaled $1.18 billion at March 31, 2025, which comprised 25.3% of our total loan portfolio. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the C&I loan portfolio increased by 0.7% from $1.18 billion at December 31, 2024.
54



Multifamily. Our multifamily loans are generally used to purchase or refinance apartment buildings of five units or more, which collateralize the loan, in major metropolitan areas within our markets. Multifamily loans have 69% of their exposure in New York City. Our multifamily loans have been underwritten under stringent guidelines on loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios that are designed to mitigate credit and concentration risk in this loan category. The average current LTV of our multifamily loans is approximately 54%.
Our multifamily loans totaled $1.37 billion at March 31, 2025, which comprised 29.4% of our total loan portfolio. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the multifamily loan portfolio increased by 1.5% from $1.35 billion at December 31, 2024.
CRE. Our CRE loans are used to purchase or refinance office buildings, retail centers, industrial facilities, medical facilities and mixed-used buildings. Our CRE loans have been underwritten under stringent guidelines on loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios that are designed to mitigate credit and concentration risk in this loan category. The average current LTV of our CRE loans is approximately 44%.
Our CRE loans totaled $409.0 million at March 31, 2025, which comprised 8.7% of our total loan portfolio. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the CRE loan portfolio decreased by 0.6% from $411.4 million at December 31, 2024.

Retail loan portfolio
Our retail loan portfolio comprised 36.2% of our total loan portfolio at March 31, 2025 and 36.7% of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2024. The major categories of our retail loan portfolio are discussed below.

Residential real estate lending. Our residential 1-4 family mortgage loans are residential mortgages that are primarily secured by single-family homes, which can be owner occupied or investor owned. Our residential real estate lending portfolio is 99% first mortgage loans and 1% second mortgage loans. These loans are either originated by our loan officers or purchased from other originators with the servicing generally retained by such originators. As of March 31, 2025, approximately 80% of our residential 1-4 family mortgage loans were either originated by our loan officers or were acquired in our acquisition of New Resource Bank, and 20% were purchased. Our residential real estate lending loans totaled $1.30 billion at March 31, 2025, which comprised 77.0% of our retail loan portfolio and 27.9% of our total loan portfolio. As of March 31, 2025, our residential real estate lending loans decreased by 0.7% from $1.31 billion at December 31, 2024.
Consumer solar. Our consumer solar portfolio is comprised of purchased residential solar loans, secured by Uniform Commercial Code financing statements. Our consumer solar loans totaled $356.6 million at March 31, 2025, which comprised 7.6% of our total loan portfolio, compared to $365.5 million, or 7.8% of our total loan portfolio, at December 31, 2024.
Consumer and other. Our consumer and other portfolio is comprised of purchased student loans, unsecured consumer loans and overdraft lines. Our consumer and other loans totaled $32.1 million at March 31, 2025, which comprised 0.7% of our total loan portfolio, compared to $34.6 million, or 0.8% of our total loan portfolio, at December 31, 2024.

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Maturities of Loans
The information in the following table is based on the contractual maturities of individual loans, including loans that may be subject to renewal at their contractual maturity. Renewal of these loans is subject to review and credit approval, as well as modification of terms upon maturity. Actual repayments of loans may differ from the maturities reflected below because borrowers have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties. The following tables summarize the loan maturity distribution by type and related interest rate characteristics at March 31, 2025:
(In thousands) One year or less After one but
within five years
After five years but within 15 years After 15 years Total
Commercial Portfolio:
Commercial and industrial $ 696,212  $ 237,377  $ 56,139  $ 193,569  $ 1,183,297 
Multifamily 167,062  580,072  278,415  346,401  1,371,950 
Commercial real estate 113,446  131,701  102,767  61,090  409,004 
Construction and land development 4,385  —  —  16,305  20,690 
Retail Portfolio:
Residential real estate lending 102  5,197  126,204  1,172,353  1,303,856 
Consumer solar —  2,237  78,149  276,215  356,601 
Consumer and other 129  1,562  22,083  8,334  32,108 
   Total Loans $ 981,336  $ 958,146  $ 663,757  $ 2,074,267  $ 4,677,506 
The following table presents our loans held for investment with maturity due after March 31, 2026:

(In thousands) Fixed Adjustable Total
Commercial Portfolio:
Commercial and industrial $ 308,244  $ 178,841  $ 487,085 
Multifamily 1,164,086  40,802  1,204,888 
Commercial real estate 274,776  20,782  295,558 
Construction and land development —  16,305  16,305 
Retail Portfolio:
Residential real estate lending 759,047  544,707  1,303,754 
Consumer solar 356,601  —  356,601 
Consumer and other 31,579  400  31,979 
Total Loans $ 2,894,333  $ 801,837  $ 3,696,170 



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Allowance for Credit Losses
We maintain the allowance at a level we believe is sufficient to absorb current expected credit losses in our loan portfolio.
The following tables presents, by loan type, the changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In thousands) 2025 2024
 
Balance at beginning of period $ 60,086  $ 65,691 
Loan charge-offs:
Commercial portfolio:
  Commercial and industrial (823) (400)
  Multifamily —  — 
  Commercial real estate —  — 
  Construction and land development —  — 
Retail portfolio:
  Residential real estate lending (69) (160)
Consumer solar (1,974) (1,806)
  Consumer and other (111) (96)
      Total loan charge-offs (2,977) (2,462)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off:
Commercial portfolio:
  Commercial and industrial 10 
  Multifamily —  — 
  Commercial real estate —  — 
  Construction and land development —  — 
Retail portfolio:
  Residential real estate lending 75  147 
Consumer solar 266  121 
  Consumer and other 50 
      Total loan recoveries 401  281 
Net charge-offs (2,576) (2,181)
Provision for credit losses 166  890 
Balance at end of period $ 57,676  $ 64,400 
During the quarter, the allowance for credit losses on loans decreased $2.4 million to $57.7 million at March 31, 2025 from $60.1 million at December 31, 2024. The ratio of allowance to total loans was 1.23% at March 31, 2025 and 1.29% at December 31, 2024.
At March 31, 2025 the allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities was $0.7 million, compared to $0.7 million at December 31, 2024.
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Allocation of Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table presents the allocation of the allowance for credit losses on loans and the percentage of the total amount of loans in each loan category listed as of the dates indicated:
At March 31, 2025 At December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Amount % of total loans Amount % of total loans
Commercial Portfolio:
Commercial and industrial $ 15,322  25.3  % $ 13,505  25.2  %
Multifamily 3,151  29.4  % 2,794  28.9  %
Commercial real estate 1,589  8.7  % 1,600  8.8  %
Construction and land development 1,252  0.4  % 1,253  0.4  %
Total commercial portfolio $ 21,314  63.8  % $ 19,152  63.3  %
Retail Portfolio:
Residential real estate lending $ 9,538  27.9  % 9,493  28.1  %
Consumer solar 25,005  7.6  % 33.1  % 29,095  7.8  %
Consumer and other 1,819  0.7  % 2,346  0.8  %
Total retail portfolio $ 36,362  36.2  % $ 40,934  36.7  %
Total allowance for credit losses $ 57,676  $ 60,086 
The following table presents the allocation of the allowance for credit losses on securities and the percentage of the total amount of held-to-maturity securities in each security category listed as of the dates indicated:
At March 31, 2025 At December 31, 2024
(In thousands) Amount
% of total held-to-maturity securities
Amount
% of total held-to-maturity securities
Traditional securities:
GSE certificates & CMOs $ —  11.9  % $ —  11.9  %
Non-GSE certificates & CMOs 47  4.6  % 49  4.7  %
ABS —  13.5  % —  13.6  %
Municipal —  4.1  % —  4.1  %
Total traditional securities
$ 47  34.1  % $ 49  34.3  %
PACE assessments:
Commercial PACE assessments $ 271  17.2  % $ 268  16.9  %
Residential PACE assessments 383  48.8  % 387  48.8  %
Total retail portfolio $ 654  66.0  % $ 655  65.7  %
Total allowance for credit losses on securities
$ 701  $ 704 



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Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets include all loans categorized as nonaccrual, other real estate owned and other repossessed assets. The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued, or the loan is placed on nonaccrual, when the full collection of principal and interest is in doubt. Interest on loans is generally recognized on the accrual basis. Interest is not accrued on loans that are more than 90 days delinquent on payments, and any interest that was accrued but unpaid on such loans is reversed from interest income at that time, or when deemed to be uncollectible. Interest subsequently received on such loans is recorded as interest income or alternatively as a reduction in the amortized cost of the loan if there is significant doubt as to the collectability of the unpaid principal balance. Loans are returned to accrual status when principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
The following table sets forth our nonperforming assets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
(In thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Loans 90 days past due and accruing $ —  $ — 
Nonaccrual loans held for sale 989  4,853 
Nonaccrual loans - Commercial 27,872  16,041 
Nonaccrual loans - Retail 5,072  4,968 
Nonaccrual securities
Total nonperforming assets $ 33,940  $ 25,870 
Nonaccrual loans:
  Commercial and industrial $ 12,786  $ 872 
  Multifamily —  — 
  Commercial real estate 3,979  4,062 
  Construction and land development 11,107  11,107 
    Total commercial portfolio 27,872  16,041 
  Residential real estate lending 1,375  1,771 
  Consumer solar 3,479  2,827 
  Consumer and other 218  370 
    Total retail portfolio 5,072  4,968 
  Total nonaccrual loans $ 32,944  $ 21,009 
Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.41  % 0.31  %
Nonaccrual assets to total assets 0.41  % 0.31  %
Nonaccrual loans to total loans 0.70  % 0.45  %
Allowance for credit losses on loans to nonaccrual loans 175.07  % 286.00  %
Allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans 1.23  % 1.29  %
Net charge-offs to average loans 0.22  % 0.36  %

Nonperforming assets totaled $33.9 million, or 0.41% of period-end total assets at March 31, 2025, an increase of $8.0 million, compared with $25.9 million, or 0.31% of period-end total assets at December 31, 2024. The increase in non-performing assets at March 31, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024 assets was primarily driven by a $11.8 million increase in commercial and industrial nonaccrual loans offset by a $3.9 million decrease in held for sale nonaccrual loans.
Potential problem loans are loans which management has doubts as to the ability of the borrowers to comply with the present loan repayment terms. Potential problem loans are performing loans and include our special mention and substandard-accruing commercial loans and/or retail loans 30-89 days past due.
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Potential problem loans are not included in the nonperforming assets table above and totaled $140.8 million, or 1.7% of total assets, at March 31, 2025, as follows: $78.8 million are commercial loans currently in workout that management expects will be rehabilitated; $48.2 million are commercial loans that are 30-89 days delinquent; $8.0 million are residential real estate loans at 30-89 days delinquent, and $5.8 million are consumer loans at 30-89 days delinquent.
Resell Agreements
As of March 31, 2025, we entered into $41.7 million of short term investments of resell agreements backed by government guaranteed loans and other loans, with a weighted average interest rate of 6.69%. As of December 31, 2024, we have entered into $23.7 million of short term investments of resell agreements backed by residential mortgage loans, with a weighted interest rate of 6.91%.
Deferred Tax Asset
We had a deferred tax asset, net of deferred tax liabilities, of $33.8 million at March 31, 2025 and $42.4 million at December 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2025, our deferred tax assets were fully realizable with no valuation allowance held against the balance. Our management concluded that it was more-likely-than-not that the entire amount will be realized.
We will evaluate the recoverability of our net deferred tax asset on a periodic basis and record decreases (increases) as a deferred tax provision (benefit) in the Consolidated Statements of Income as appropriate.
Deposits
Deposits represent our primary source of funds. We are focused on growing our core deposits through relationship-based banking with our business and consumer clients. Total deposits were $7.41 billion at March 31, 2025, compared to $7.18 billion at December 31, 2024. We believe that our strong deposit franchise is attributable to our mission-based strategy of developing and maintaining relationships with our clients who share similar values and through maintaining a high level of service.
We gather deposits through each of our three branch locations across New York City, our one branch in Washington, D.C., our one branch in San Francisco and through the efforts of our commercial banking team including our Boston group which focuses nationally on business growth. Through our branch network, online, mobile and direct banking channels, we offer a variety of deposit products including demand deposit accounts, money market deposits, NOW accounts, savings and certificates of deposit, ICS accounts, Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service accounts, and brokered certificates of deposit. We bank politically active customers, such as campaigns, PACs ("political action committees"), and state and national party committees, which we refer to as political deposits. These deposits exhibit seasonality based on election cycles. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had approximately $1.07 billion and $969.6 million, respectively, in political deposits on- and off-balance sheet which are primarily in demand deposits.
Additionally, we utilize a custodial deposit transference structure through the IntraFi ICS network for certain deposit programs whereby we, acting as custodian of account holder funds, place a portion of such account holder funds that are not needed to support near term settlement at one or more third-party banks insured by the FDIC (each, a "Program Bank"). Accounts opened at Program Banks are established in our name as custodian, for the benefit of our account holders. We remain the issuer of all accounts under the applicable account holder agreements and have sole custodial control and transaction authority over the accounts opened at Program Banks. We maintain the records of each account holder's deposits maintained at Program Banks. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, these off-balance sheet deposits totaled $214.5 million and $0, respectively. In return for record keeping services at Program Banks, the Company receives a servicing fee. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recognized $8.6 thousand in servicing fee income compared to $2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Total estimated uninsured deposits at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were $3.87 billion and $3.71 billion, respectively.
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Maturities of time certificates of deposit and other time deposits of $250,000 or more outstanding at March 31, 2025 are summarized as follows:
Maturities as of March 31, 2025
(In thousands)
Within three months $ 20,296 
After three but within six months 13,028 
After six months but within twelve months 18,316 
After twelve months 1,009 
$ 52,649 
Evaluation of Interest Rate Risk
Our simulation models incorporate various assumptions, which we believe are reasonable but which may have a significant impact on results such as: (1) the timing of changes in interest rates, (2) shifts or rotations in the yield curve, (3) loan and securities prepayment speeds for different interest rate scenarios, (4) interest rates and balances of indeterminate-maturity deposits for different scenarios, and (5) new volume and yield assumptions for loans, securities and deposits. Because of limitations inherent in any approach used to measure interest rate risk, simulation results are not intended as a forecast of the actual effect of a change in market interest rates on our results but rather to better plan and execute appropriate asset-liability management strategies and manage our interest rate risk.
In accordance with the Company's policies, the Company may enter into derivative transactions to hedge against interest rate risk. The impact of existing derivative contracts are included in the simulation analysis below.
Potential changes to our net interest income and economic value of equity in hypothetical rising and declining rate scenarios calculated as of March 31, 2025 are presented in the following table. The projections assume immediate, parallel shifts downward of the yield curve of 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis points and immediate, parallel shifts upward of the yield curve of 100, 200 and 300 basis points.
The results of this simulation analysis are hypothetical and should not be relied on as indicative of expected operating results. A variety of factors might cause actual results to differ substantially from what is depicted. For example, if the timing and magnitude of interest rate changes differ from those projected, our net interest income might vary significantly. Non-parallel yield curve shifts such as a flattening or steepening of the yield curve or changes in interest rate spreads, would also cause our net interest income to be different from that depicted. An increasing interest rate environment could reduce projected net interest income if deposits and other short-term liabilities re-price faster than expected or faster than our assets re-price. Actual results could differ from those projected if we grow assets and liabilities faster or slower than estimated, if we experience a net outflow of deposit liabilities or if our mix of assets and liabilities otherwise changes. Actual results could also differ from those projected if we experience substantially different repayment speeds in our loan portfolio than those assumed in the simulation model. Finally, these simulation results do not contemplate all the actions that we may undertake in response to potential or actual changes in interest rates, such as changes to our loan, investment, deposit, funding or hedging strategies.
Change in Market Interest Rates as of March 31, 2025 Estimated Increase (Decrease) in:
Immediate Shift Economic Value of
Equity
Economic Value of
Equity ($ in thousands)
Year 1 Net Interest
Income
Year 1 Net Interest
Income ($ in thousands)
+300 basis points -14.9% (246,978) -3.2% (9,561)
+200 basis points -8.2% (136,026) -0.3% (1,021)
+100 basis points -2.3% (38,637) 1.0% 2,925
-100 basis points -2.6% (43,188) -3.4% (10,041)
-200 basis points -10.2% (168,418) -8.0% (23,763)
-300 basis points -23.7% (391,890) -12.6% (37,522)
-400 basis points -47.2% (780,259) -19.4% (57,860)
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Liquidity
Liquidity refers to our ability to maintain cash flow that is adequate to fund our operations, support asset growth, maintain reserve requirements and meet present and future obligations of deposit withdrawals, lending obligations and other contractual obligations through either the sale or maturity of existing assets or by obtaining additional funding through liability management. Our liquidity risk management policy provides the framework that we use to maintain adequate liquidity and sources of available liquidity at levels that enable us to meet all reasonably foreseeable short-term, long-term and strategic liquidity demands. The Asset and Liability Management Committee is responsible for oversight of liquidity risk management activities in accordance with the provisions of our liquidity risk policy and applicable bank regulatory capital and liquidity laws and regulations. Our liquidity risk management process includes (i) ongoing analysis and monitoring of our funding requirements under various balance sheet and economic scenarios, (ii) review and monitoring of lenders, depositors, brokers and other liability holders to ensure appropriate diversification of funding sources and (iii) liquidity contingency planning to address liquidity needs in the event of unforeseen market disruption impacting a wide range of variables. We continuously monitor our liquidity position in order for our assets and liabilities to be managed in a manner that will meet our immediate and long-term funding requirements. We manage our liquidity position to meet the daily cash flow needs of customers, while maintaining an appropriate balance between assets and liabilities to meet the return on investment objectives of our stockholders. We also monitor our liquidity requirements in light of interest rate trends, changes in the economy, and the scheduled maturity and interest rate sensitivity of our securities and loan portfolios and deposits. The complexity of liquidity management increases due to the varying levels of management control that can be exerted over different elements of the balance sheet. For example, the timing of maturities of our investment portfolio is fairly predictable and subject to a high degree of control when we make investment decisions. Net deposit inflows and outflows, however, are far less predictable and are not subject to the same degree of certainty.
In addition to assessing liquidity risk on a consolidated basis, we monitor the parent company’s liquidity. The parent company’s routine funding requirements consist primarily of operating expenses, dividends paid to shareholders, debt service, repurchases of common stock and funds used for acquisitions. The parent company obtains funding to meet its obligations from dividends collected from its subsidiaries and the issuance of debt and capital securities. Dividend payments to the parent company by its subsidiary bank are subject to regulatory review and statutory limitations and, in some instances, regulatory approval. The Company maintains sufficient funding to meet expected capital and debt service obligations for 24 months without the support of dividends from subsidiaries and assuming access to the wholesale markets is maintained. The Company maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its capital and debt service obligations for 12 months under adverse conditions without the support of dividends from subsidiaries or access to the wholesale markets.
Our liquidity position is supported by management of our liquid assets and liabilities and access to alternative sources of funds. Our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements are primarily to fund on-going operations, including payment of interest on deposits and debt, extensions of credit to borrowers and capital expenditures. These liquidity requirements are met primarily through our deposits, FHLBNY advances and the principal and interest payments we receive on loans and investment securities. Cash, interest-bearing deposits in third-party banks, securities available for sale and maturing or prepaying balances in our investment and loan portfolios are our most liquid assets. Other sources of liquidity that are available to us include the sale of loans we hold for investment, securitization of loans or PACE assessments, the ability to acquire additional national market non-core deposits, borrowings through the Federal Reserve’s discount window and the issuance of debt or equity securities. We believe that the sources of available liquidity are adequate to meet our current and reasonably foreseeable future liquidity needs.
At March 31, 2025, our cash and equivalents, which consist of cash and amounts due from banks and interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions, amounted to $65.7 million, or 0.8% of total assets, compared to $60.7 million, or 0.7% of total assets at December 31, 2024. The $5.0 million, or 8.2%, increase is due to normal business activity, paydowns of borrowings, and strategic investment securities purchases, offset by investments in resell agreements. Our available for sale securities at March 31, 2025 were $1.71 billion, or 20.6% of total assets, compared to $1.63 billion, or 19.7% of total assets at December 31, 2024. Available for sale securities with an aggregate fair value of $1.25 billion at March 31, 2025 were pledged to secure outstanding advances, letters of credit, provide additional borrowing potential, and collateralize municipal deposits. Additionally, mortgage loans with an unpaid principal balance of $2.45 billion and $2.45 billion respectively, were pledged to the FHLBNY to secure outstanding advances, letters of credit and to provide additional borrowing potential.
The liability portion of the balance sheet serves as our primary source of liquidity. Over the long term, we plan to meet our future cash needs through the generation of deposits. Customer deposits have historically provided a sizeable source of relatively stable and low-cost funds. We are also a member of the FHLBNY, from which we can borrow for leverage or liquidity purposes. The FHLBNY requires that securities and qualifying loans be pledged to secure any advances. At March 31, 2025, we had $6.0 million advances from the FHLBNY and a remaining credit availability of $2.04 billion. In addition, we maintain borrowing capacity of approximately $1.01 billion with the Federal Reserve’s discount window that is secured by certain securities from our portfolio which are not pledged for other purposes.
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We also had $63.7 million in subordinated debt, net of issuance costs. Our cash, off-balance sheet deposits, and borrowing capacity totaled $3.32 billion of immediately available funds, in addition to unpledged securities with two-day availability of $301.0 million for total liquidity within two-days of $3.62 billion, which provided coverage for 94% of total uninsured deposits.
Capital Resources

Total stockholders’ equity at March 31, 2025 was $736.0 million, compared to $707.7 million at December 31, 2024, an increase of $28.3 million. The increase was primarily driven by $25.0 million of net income and a $11.3 million improvement in accumulated other comprehensive loss due to the tax effected mark-to-market on our securities portfolio, offset by $4.4 million in dividends paid at $0.14 per outstanding share, and $3.5 million of common stock repurchases.
We are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking regulators. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by federal banking regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on our financial statements.

Basel III rules impose minimum capital requirements for bank holding companies and banks. The Basel III rules apply to all national and state banks and savings associations regardless of size and bank holding companies and savings and loan holding companies with consolidated assets of more than $3 billion. In order to avoid restrictions on capital distributions or discretionary bonus payments to executives, a covered banking organization must maintain the fully phased in “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% on top of its minimum risk-based capital requirements. This buffer must consist solely of common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital, but the buffer applies to all three measurements (common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital, Tier 1 capital and total capital). The capital conservation is equal to 2.5% of risk-weighted assets.

The following table shows the regulatory capital ratios for the Bank and the Company at the dates indicated:
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Actual
For Capital
Adequacy Purposes(1)
To Be Considered
Well Capitalized
Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio
(In thousands)
March 31, 2025
Consolidated:
   Total capital to risk weighted assets $ 894,519  16.61  % $ 430,735  8.00  % N/A N/A
   Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets 768,553  14.27  % 323,051  6.00  % N/A N/A
   Tier 1 capital to average assets 768,553  9.22  % 333,532  4.00  % N/A N/A
   Common equity tier 1 to risk weighted assets 768,553  14.27  % 242,288  4.50  % N/A N/A
Bank:
   Total capital to risk weighted assets $ 855,224  15.88  % $ 430,718  8.00  % $ 538,398  10.00  %
   Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets 792,982  14.73  % 323,039  6.00  % 430,718  8.00  %
   Tier 1 capital to average assets 792,982  9.56  % 331,686  4.00  % 414,607  5.00  %
   Common equity tier 1 to risk weighted assets 792,982  14.73  % 242,279  4.50  % 349,959  6.50  %
December 31, 2024
Consolidated:
   Total capital to risk weighted assets $ 879,316  16.26  % $ 432,496  8.00  % N/A N/A
   Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets 751,394  13.90  % 324,372  6.00  % N/A N/A
   Tier 1 capital to average assets 751,394  9.00  % 334,112  4.00  % N/A N/A
   Common equity tier 1 to risk weighted assets 751,394  13.90  % 243,279  4.50  % N/A N/A
Bank:
   Total capital to risk weighted assets $ 829,871  15.35  % $ 432,493  8.00  % $ 540,616  10.00  %
   Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets 765,652  14.16  % 324,370  6.00  % 432,493  8.00  %
   Tier 1 capital to average assets 765,652  9.17  % 334,109  4.00  % 417,637  5.00  %
   Common equity tier 1 to risk weighted assets 765,652  14.16  % 243,277  4.50  % 351,400  6.50  %
(1) Amounts are shown exclusive of the capital conservation buffer of 2.50%.
As of March 31, 2025, the Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” under the prompt corrective action measures and met the capital conservation buffer requirements.


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Contractual Obligations
We have entered into contractual obligations in the normal course of business that involve elements of credit risk, interest rate risk and liquidity risk. The following table summarizes these relations by contractual maturity date as of March 31, 2025:
March 31, 2025
(In thousands) Total Less than 1 year 1-3 years 3-5 years More than 5 years
FHLBNY Advances $ 5,952  $ 5,952  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Subordinated Debt 63,724  —  —  —  63,724 
Operating Leases 17,659  8,035  9,624  —  — 
Certificates of Deposit 226,404  185,796  38,948  1,487  173 
$ 313,739  $ 199,783  $ 48,572  $ 1,487  $ 63,897 
During April 2025, the Company entered into a fifteen year lease agreement for the Company's headquarters. The base rent amount for the premises commences at $6.2 million per annum and is escalated by approximately 9% on the fifth anniversary of rent commencement and by an additional approximately 8% on the tenth anniversary of rent commencement. The company is expected to move to the new premises in mid 2026.
Investment Obligations

The Company is a party to agreements with Pace Funding Group LLC, which operates Home Run Financing, for the purchase of PACE assessment securities until December 2026. As of March 31, 2025, the estimated remaining commitment was $228.4 million. The PACE assessments have equal-lien priority with property taxes and generally rank senior to first lien mortgages. These investments are currently held in the Company's available for sale and held-to-maturity investment portfolios. The Company evaluates these obligations for credit risk and the recorded reserve is immaterial.

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Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
There have been no material changes in our market risk from that presented in the 2024 Annual Report. Our interest rate sensitivity position at March 31, 2025 is set forth in the table labeled “Evaluation of Interest Rate Risk” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by this reference.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), as of March 31, 2025. Based on such evaluations, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings.

We are subject to certain pending and threatened legal proceedings that arise out of the ordinary course of business. Additionally, we, like all banking organizations, are subject to regulatory examinations and investigations. Based upon management’s current knowledge, following consultation with legal counsel, in the opinion of management, there is no pending or threatened legal matter that would result in a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operation, either individually or in the aggregate.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors.

Investing in shares of our common stock involves certain risks, including those identified and described in Item 1A. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the SEC on March 7, 2025, as well as cautionary statements contained in this report, including those under the caption “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” risks and matters described elsewhere in this report and in our other filings with the SEC.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.


Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The following table contains information regarding purchases of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2025 by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliate purchaser” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act:

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period (Settlement Date)
Total number of shares purchased (1)
Average price paid per share Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs
Approximate dollar value that may yet be purchased under plans or programs (2)
January 1 through January 31, 2025 61,157  $ 34.19  42,541  $ 17,183,353 
February 1 through February 28, 2025 104,438  34.45  52,497  $ 15,457,876 
March 1 through March 31, 2025 23,124  32.09  10,000  $ 40,000,000 
    Total 188,719  $ 34.08  105,038 

(1) Includes 16,475 shares withheld by the Company for options exercises, 67,206 shares withheld for taxes related to the exercise or vesting of options and stock awards, as well as 105,038 shares repurchased pursuant to the share repurchase program described in Note (2).

(2) Effective February 25, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an increase to the share repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of an aggregate amount up to $40 million of the Company's outstanding common stock (the "2022 Share Repurchase Program). The authorization did not require the Company to acquire any specified number of shares and can be suspended or discontinued without prior notice. Under the 2022 Share Repurchase Program, $3.5 million of common stock was purchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2025.

As of March 10, 2025, we do not intend to make further purchases under the 2022 Share Repurchase Program. Effective March 10, 2025, our Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program that allows the Company to repurchase up to $40 million of its common stock (the "2025 Share Repurchase Program"). The authorization did not require us to acquire any specified number of shares and can be suspended or discontinued without prior notice. Under the 2025 Share Repurchase Program, no common stock was purchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2025.

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Item 5.    Other Information

Securities Trading Plans of Directors and Executive Officers

On January 15, 2025, Sam Brown, Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Banking Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to 5,151 shares of the Company’s common stock, with such transactions to occur during sale periods beginning on or after April 15, 2025 and ending on the earlier of April 14, 2026 or the date on which all shares authorized for sale have been sold in conformance with the terms of the arrangement.


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Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
3.1
3.2
4.1
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A), other instruments that define the rights of holders of the long-term indebtedness of Amalgamated Financial Corp. and its subsidiaries that does not exceed 10% of its consolidated assets have not been filed; however, Amalgamated Financial Corp. agrees to furnish a copy of any such agreement to the SEC upon request.
10.1 Amended & Restated Employment Agreement, dated February 24, 2025, by and among Amalgamated Financial Corp., Amalgamated Bank, and Sean Searby (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Amalgamated Financial Corp.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025)
10.2 Amalgamated Financial Corp. Bonus Deferral and Deferred Stock Unit Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Amalgamated Financial Corp.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 25, 2025)
10.3 Form of Deferred Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Amalgamated Financial Corp.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 25, 2025)
10.4 Form of Deferred Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement – Matching Grant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Amalgamated Financial Corp.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 25, 2025)
10.5 Amended & Restated Employment Agreement, dated March 25, 2025, by and among Amalgamated Financial Corp., Amalgamated Bank, and Priscilla Sims Brown (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Amalgamated Financial Corp.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 25, 2025)
10.6 Lease Agreement, dated April 4, 2025, by and among Amalgamated Bank, and 99 Park Avenue Associate, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Amalgamated Financial Corp.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 8, 2025)
31.1
31.2
32.1
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101
Interactive data files for the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Amalgamated Financial Corp. for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, formatted in iXBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).
104
The cover page of Amalgamated Financial Corp.’s Form 10-Q Report for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, formatted in iXBRL (included with the Exhibit 101 attachments).
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
AMALGAMATED FINANCIAL CORP.
May 6, 2025 By: /s/ Priscilla Sims Brown
Priscilla Sims Brown
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
May 6, 2025 By: /s/ Jason Darby
Jason Darby
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
May 6, 2025 By: /s/ Leslie Veluswamy
Leslie Veluswamy
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
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EX-31.1 2 a202503_amal-ex311.htm EX-31.1 Document

Exhibit 31.1
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
I, Priscilla Sims Brown, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Amalgamated Financial Corp.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: May 6, 2025
/s/ Priscilla Sims Brown
Priscilla Sims Brown, President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2 3 a202503_amal-ex312.htm EX-31.2 Document

Exhibit 31.2
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
I, Jason Darby, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Amalgamated Financial Corp.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: May 6, 2025
/s/ Jason Darby
Jason Darby, Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1 4 a202503_amal-ex321.htm EX-32.1 Document

Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Amalgamated Financial Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2025 as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned officers each certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that, to his knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
/s/ Priscilla Sims Brown
Priscilla Brown
President and Chief Executive Officer
May 6, 2025
/s/ Jason Darby
Jason Darby
Chief Financial Officer
May 6, 2025