株探米国株
英語
エドガーで原本を確認する
Meridian 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Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark one)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024
Or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission File Number: 000-55983
MeridianCorporation.jpg
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Pennsylvania 83-1561918
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)		 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
9 Old Lincoln Highway, Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(484) 568-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Title of class Trading Symbol Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1 par value MRBK The NASDAQ Stock Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒Yes ☐No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒Yes ☐No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer ☐ Accelerated Filer ☒
Non-accelerated Filer ☐ Smaller Reporting Company ☒
Emerging Growth Company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. As of November 4, 2024 there were 11,240,075 outstanding shares of the issuer’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Consolidated Balance Sheets – September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023


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Glossary of Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Terms
The acronyms, abbreviations, and terms listed below are used in various sections of this report. As used throughout this report, the terms "Meridian", “we”, “our”, or “us” refer to Meridian Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.
Acronym Description
ACBB Atlantic Central Bankers Bank
ACH Automated clearing house
ACL Allowance for credit losses
AFS Available-for-sale
ALCO Asset/Liability Committee
ALLL Allowance for loan and lease losses
ALM Asset / liability management
AOCI Accumulated other comprehensive income
ASC Accounting Standards Codification
ASU Accounting Standards Update
BHC Act Bank Holding Company Act of 1956
BOLI Bank owned life insurance
BSA-AML Bank Secrecy Act - Anti-Money Laundering
BTFP Federal Reserve Bank Term Funding Program
CBCA Change in Bank Control Act
CBLR Community Bank Leverage Ratio
CDARS Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service
CECL Current expected credit losses
CET1 Common equity tier 1
CFPB Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
CMO Collateralized mortgage obligation
CRE Commercial real estate
DIF FDIC’s deposit insurance fund
ECOA Equal Credit Opportunity Act
ESOP Employee Stock Ownership Plan
FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FFIEC Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council
FHA Federal Housing Authority
FHFA Federal Housing Finance Agency
FHLB Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh
FHLMC Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation or Freddie Mac
FICO Financing Corporation
FNMA Federal National Mortgage Association or Fannie Mae
FRB Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
FTE Fully taxable equivalent
GAAP U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
GLB Act Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
GNMA Government National Mortgage Association or Ginnie Mae
GSE Government-sponsored entities
HTM Held-to-maturity
ICBA Independent Community Bankers of America
JOBS Act Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012
LBP Look-back period
LEP Loss emergence period

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LGD Loss given default
LIBOR London Inter-bank Offering Rate
LIHTC Low-income-housing tax credit
MBS Mortgage-backed securities
MSLP Main Street Lending Programs
MSR Mortgage servicing rights
OFAC Office of Foreign Assets Control
OREO Other real estate owned
PCAOB Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
PCD Purchased credit deteriorated
PD Probability of default
PDBS Pennsylvania Department of Banking and Securities
ROU Right-of-use
SBA Small Business Administration
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission
SERP Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
SNC Shared national credit
SOFR Secure Overnight Financing Rate
TILA Truth in Lending Act
TDR Troubled debt restructuring
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
VA U.S. Department of Veteran’s Affairs

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MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except share data) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Assets:
Cash and due from banks $ 12,542  $ 10,067 
Interest-bearing deposits at other banks 19,805  46,630 
Cash and cash equivalents 32,347  56,697 
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $179,008 and $156,492, respectively)
 171,568  146,019 
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $31,323 and $32,730, respectively)
 33,833  35,781 
Equity investments 2,166  2,121 
Mortgage loans held for sale 46,602  24,816 
Loans and other finance receivables, net of fees and costs 2,008,396  1,895,806 
Allowance for credit losses (21,965) (22,107)
Loans and other finance receivables, net of the allowance for credit losses 1,986,431  1,873,699 
Restricted investment in bank stock 8,542  8,072 
Bank premises and equipment, net 12,807  13,557 
Bank owned life insurance 29,489  28,844 
Accrued interest receivable 10,012  9,325 
Other real estate owned 1,862  1,703 
Deferred income taxes 3,537  4,201 
Servicing assets 4,364  11,748 
Servicing assets held for sale 6,609  — 
Goodwill 899  899 
Intangible assets 2,818  2,971 
Other assets 33,835  25,740 
Total assets $ 2,387,721  $ 2,246,193 
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing $ 237,207  $ 239,289 
Interest bearing 1,741,720  1,584,173 
Total deposits 1,978,927  1,823,462 
Borrowings 144,880  174,896 
Subordinated debentures 49,928  49,836 
Accrued interest payable 7,017  10,324 
Other liabilities 39,519  29,653 
Total liabilities 2,220,271  2,088,171 
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $1 par value per share. 25,000,000 shares authorized; 13,232,258 and 13,186,198 shares issued and 11,229,075 and 11,183,015 shares outstanding, respectively
 13,232  13,186 
Surplus 81,002  80,325 
Treasury stock, 2,003,183 shares, at cost
 (26,079) (26,079)
Unearned common stock held by employee stock ownership plan (1,204) (1,204)
Retained earnings 107,765  101,216 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (7,266) (9,422)
Total stockholders’ equity 167,450  158,022 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 2,387,721  $ 2,246,193 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
Three months ended
September 30,
Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Interest income:
Loans and other finance receivables, including fees $ 38,103  $ 33,980  $ 109,928  $ 95,612 
Securities - taxable 1,480  901  4,055  2,853 
Securities - tax-exempt 320  333  969  1,038 
Cash and cash equivalents 416  245  1,047  741 
Total interest income 40,319  35,459  115,999  100,244 
Interest expense:
Deposits 19,313  15,543  55,696  41,013 
Borrowings and subordinated debentures 2,764  2,692  8,606  7,230 
       Total interest expense 22,077  18,235  64,302  48,243 
Net interest income 18,242  17,224  51,697  52,001 
Provision for credit losses 2,282  82  7,828  2,186 
Net interest income after provision for credit losses 15,960  17,142  43,869  49,815 
Non-interest income:
Mortgage banking income 6,474  4,819  15,528  13,143 
Wealth management income 1,447  1,258  4,208  3,689 
SBA loan income 544  982  2,315  3,463 
Earnings on investment in life insurance 222  201  644  585 
Net change in the fair value of derivative instruments (102) 103  176  217 
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-sale 169  111  138  (88)
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-investment 965  (570) 766  (673)
Net (loss) gain on hedging activity (197) 82  (279) 81 
Net loss on sale of investment securities available-for-sale (57) (3) (57) (58)
Other 1,366  1,103  4,620  3,489 
Total non-interest income 10,831  8,086  28,059  23,848 
Non-interest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits 12,829  12,420  34,839  35,633 
Occupancy and equipment 1,243  1,226  3,706  3,610 
Professional fees 1,106  1,104  3,633  2,930 
Data processing and software
 1,553  1,652  4,591  4,764 
Advertising and promotion 717  848  2,454  2,799 
Pennsylvania bank shares tax 181  244  729  735 
Other 2,917  2,524  7,786  6,951 
Total non-interest expense 20,546  20,018  57,738  57,422 
        Income before income taxes 6,245  5,210  14,190  16,241 
Income tax expense 1,502  1,205  3,445  3,568 
        Net income $ 4,743  $ 4,005  $ 10,745  $ 12,673 
Basic earnings per common share
 $ 0.43  $ 0.36  $ 0.97  $ 1.14 
Diluted earnings per common share
 $ 0.42  $ 0.35  $ 0.96  $ 1.11 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
 11,110  11,058  11,098  11,129 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
 11,234  11,363  11,198  11,449 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net income: $ 4,743  $ 4,005  $ 10,745  $ 12,673 
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale:
Change in fair value of investment securities, net of tax of $695 and $(575), $1,063 and $(489) respectively
 2,420  (2,059) 2,311  (1,757)
Reclassification adjustment for net losses realized in net income, net of tax effect of $14, $1, $14, and 13, respectively,
 43  2  43  45 
Reclassification adjustment for investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity, net of tax effect of $7 and $7, $21 and $19 respectively
 22  22  66  67 
Unrealized investment gains (losses), net of tax effect of $716 and $(566),$1,098 and $(457), respectively
 $ 2,485  $ (2,035) $ 2,420  $ (1,645)
Net change in unrealized (losses) gains on interest rate swaps used in cash flow hedges, net of tax effect of $368, $(140), $85 and $(233), respectively
 (1,163) 497  (264) 825 
Total other comprehensive income (loss) $ 1,322  $ (1,538) $ 2,156  $ (820)
Total comprehensive income $ 6,065  $ 2,467  $ 12,901  $ 11,853 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Common
Stock
 Surplus Treasury
Stock		 Unearned
ESOP		 Retained
Earnings		 AOCI Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance at July 1, 2024 $ 13,194  $ 80,639  $ (26,079) $ (1,204) $ 104,420  $ (8,588) $ 162,382 
Net income —  —  —  —  4,743  —  4,743 
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  1,322  1,322 
Dividends declared ($0.125 per share)
 —  —  —  —  (1,398) —  (1,398)
Common stock issued through share-based awards and exercises 38  297  —  —  —  —  335 
Stock based compensation expense —  66  —  —  —  —  66 
Balance at September 30, 2024 $ 13,232  $ 81,002  $ (26,079) $ (1,204) $ 107,765  $ (7,266) $ 167,450 
Common
Stock
 Surplus Treasury
Stock		 Unearned
ESOP		 Retained
Earnings		 AOCI Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance at January 1, 2024 $ 13,186  $ 80,325  $ (26,079) $ (1,204) $ 101,216  $ (9,422) $ 158,022 
Net income —  —  —  —  10,745  —  10,745 
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  2,156  2,156 
Dividends declared ($0.375 per share)
 —  —  —  —  (4,196) —  (4,196)
Common stock issued through share-based awards and exercises 46  358  —  —  —  —  404 
Stock based compensation expense —  319  —  —  —  —  319 
Balance at September 30, 2024 $ 13,232  $ 81,002  $ (26,079) $ (1,204) $ 107,765  $ (7,266) $ 167,450 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Common
Stock
 Surplus Treasury
Stock		 Unearned
ESOP		 Retained
Earnings		 AOCI Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 13,181  $ 79,650  $ (26,079) $ (1,403) $ 99,434  $ (10,821) $ 153,962 
Net income —  —  —  —  4,005  —  4,005 
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  (1,538) (1,538)
Dividends declared ($0.125 per share)
 —  —  —  —  (1,396) —  (1,396)
Stock based compensation expense —  81  —  —  —  —  81 
Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 13,181  $ 79,731  $ (26,079) $ (1,403) $ 102,043  $ (12,359) $ 155,114 
Common
Stock
 Surplus Treasury
Stock		 Unearned
ESOP		 Retained
Earnings		 AOCI Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 13,156  $ 79,072  $ (21,821) $ (1,403) $ 95,815  $ (11,539) $ 153,280 
Adjustment to initially apply ASU No. 2016-13 for CECL, net of tax —  —  —  —  (2,228) —  (2,228)
Net income —  —  —  —  12,673  —  12,673 
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  (820) (820)
Dividends declared ($0.375 per share)
 —  —  —  —  (4,217) —  (4,217)
Net purchase of treasury stock through publicly announced plans (127,849 shares)
 —  —  (4,258) —  —  —  (4,258)
Common stock issued through share-based awards and exercises 25  144  —  —  —  —  169 
Stock based compensation expense —  515  —  —  —  —  515 
Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 13,181  $ 79,731  $ (26,079) $ (1,403) $ 102,043  $ (12,359) $ 155,114 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023
Net income $ 10,745  $ 12,673 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Loss on sale of investment securities 57  58 
Net amortization of investment premiums and discounts and change in fair value of equity securities 2,873  1,225 
Depreciation and amortization (accretion), net 276  289 
Provision for credit losses 7,828  2,186 
Amortization of issuance costs on subordinated debt 92  56 
Stock based compensation 319  515 
Net change in fair value of derivative instruments (176) (217)
Net change in fair value of loans held for sale (138) 88 
Net change in fair value of loans held for investment (766) 673 
Amortization and net impairment of servicing rights 994  1,618 
SBA loan income (2,315) (3,463)
Proceeds from sale of loans 594,669  515,573 
Loans originated for sale (594,399) (504,880)
Mortgage banking income (15,528) (13,143)
Increase in accrued interest receivable (687) (1,621)
Increase in other assets (438) (4,874)
Earnings from investment in bank owned life insurance (644) (585)
Decrease in deferred income tax 66  170 
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable (3,307) 5,425 
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities 10,780  (778)
          Net cash provided by operating activities $ 10,301  $ 10,988 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Activity in available-for-sale securities:
Maturities, repayments and calls 12,436  7,301 
Sales 16,004  13,514 
Purchases (61,024) (12,949)
Activity in held-to-maturity securities:
Maturities, repayments and calls 1,720  1,020 
Increase in restricted stock (470) (1,378)
Net increase in loans (124,753) (149,462)
Purchases of premises and equipment (222) (1,080)
          Net cash used in investing activities $ (156,309) $ (143,034)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in deposits 155,465  96,166 
(Decrease) increase in short-term borrowings (40,609) 37,201 
Increase in long-term debt 10,594  18,676 
Repayment of subordinated debt —  (54)
Proceeds from issuance of subordinated debt —  9,740 
Issuance costs on subordinated debt —  (9)
Net purchase of treasury stock —  (4,258)
Dividends paid (4,196) (4,217)
Share based awards and exercises 404  169 
          Net cash provided by financing activities $ 121,658  $ 153,414 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (24,350) 21,368 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 56,697  38,391 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 32,347  $ 59,759 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 67,609  $ 42,818 
Income taxes 1,222  1,839 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Transfers from loans held for sale to loans held for investment —  351 
Net loans sold, not settled 8,162  12,820 
Investment security purchases, not settled (7,380) — 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
(1)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The Corporation’s unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and the results of operations for the interim periods presented have been included.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Amounts subject to significant estimates are items such as the allowance for credit losses, lending related commitments and the related unfunded commitment reserve, the fair value of financial instruments, other-than-temporary impairments of investment securities, and the valuations of goodwill, intangible assets, and servicing assets.
These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Corporation’s filings with the SEC (including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023), subsequently filed quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K that update or provide information in addition to the information included in Form 10-K and Form 10-Q filings, if any.
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any other period.

Pronouncements Adopted in 2024
The following pronouncements were adopted in 2024, but did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

•FASB ASU 2020-06, “Debt With Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity”

•FASB ASU 2023-02, "Investments Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323) Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method"

Pronouncements Not Yet Effective as of September 30, 2024:

FASB ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280) Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”
The amendments in this update improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses. The amendments in this update also do not change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of this update for fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 to have a material impact on its disclosures.
FASB ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”
The amendments in this update address investor requests for more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This update also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and are to be applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted.The Corporation is currently evaluating the impact on its disclosures.

FASB ASU 2024-01 Stock Compensation - Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards
The amendments in this update improve the understandability of paragraph 718-10-15-3 apply to all entities that enter into share-based payments transactions. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and are to be applied on a prospective basis. The Corporation is currently evaluating the impact on its disclosures.

FASB ASU No. 2023-06, "Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative".
This ASU amends the disclosure or presentation requirements related to various subtopics in the FASB ASC. The amendments in this ASU are expected to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of Codification Topics, allow users to more easily compare entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the requirements, and align the requirements in the Codification with the SEC's regulations. For entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosure requirements and for entities required to file or furnish financial statements with or to the SEC in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, the effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC removes that related disclosure from its rules. For all other entities, the amendments will be effective two years later.
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However, if by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the related disclosure from its regulations, the amendments will be removed from the Codification and not become effective for any entity.

(2)    Earnings per Common Share
Basic earnings per common share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period reduced by unearned ESOP Plan shares and treasury shares. Diluted earnings per common share takes into account the potential dilution computed pursuant to the treasury stock method that could occur if stock options were exercised and converted into common stock, and if restricted stock awards were vested. The effects of stock options are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share in periods in which the effect would be anti-dilutive.
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Numerator for earnings per share:
Net income available to common stockholders $ 4,743  $ 4,005  $ 10,745  $ 12,673 
Denominators for earnings per share:
Weighted average shares outstanding 11,254  11,228  11,249  11,307 
Average unearned ESOP shares (144) (170) (151) (178)
Basic weighted averages shares outstanding 11,110  11,058  11,098  11,129 
Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of stock options 124  119  100  149 
Dilutive effects of SERP shares —  186  —  171 
Diluted weighted averages shares outstanding 11,234  11,363  11,198  11,449 
Basic earnings per share $ 0.43  $ 0.36  $ 0.97  $ 1.14 
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.42  $ 0.35  $ 0.96  $ 1.11 
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of average dilutive earnings per share 489  490  586  490 

(3)    Securities
The following tables presents the amortized cost, allowance for credit losses, and fair value of securities at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amortized cost Gross unrealized gains Gross unrealized losses Allowance for credit losses Fair value # of Securities in unrealized loss position
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. asset backed securities $ 31,001  $ 60  $ (190) $ —  $ 30,871  14 
U.S. government agency MBS 22,075  222  (325) —  21,972  12 
U.S. government agency CMO 36,111  121  (1,668) —  34,564  30 
State and municipal securities 41,040  41  (3,561) —  37,520  31 
U.S. Treasuries 20,542  —  (1,340) —  19,202  17 
Non-U.S. government agency CMO 12,876  41  (321) —  12,596  10 
Corporate bonds 15,363  255  (775) —  14,843  15 
Total securities available-for-sale $ 179,008  $ 740  $ (8,180) $ —  $ 171,568  129 
Amortized cost Gross unrecognized gains Gross unrecognized losses Allowance for credit losses Fair value # of Securities in unrecognized loss position
Securities held to maturity:
State and municipal securities $ 33,833  $ 39  $ (2,549) $ —  $ 31,323  19 
Total securities held-to-maturity $ 33,833  $ 39  $ (2,549) $ —  $ 31,323  19 

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December 31, 2023
Amortized cost Gross unrealized gains Gross unrealized losses Allowance for credit losses Fair value # of Securities in unrealized loss position
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. asset backed securities $ 17,012  $ 25  $ (213) $ —  $ 16,824  11 
U.S. government agency MBS 22,750  364  (480) —  22,634  14 
U.S. government agency CMO 21,850  —  (2,277) —  19,573  30 
State and municipal securities 40,093  —  (3,877) —  36,216  31 
U.S. Treasuries 32,982  —  (2,560) —  30,422  25 
Non-U.S. government agency CMO 13,605  102  (552) —  13,155  9 
Corporate bonds 8,200  —  (1,005) —  7,195  13 
Total securities available-for-sale $ 156,492  $ 491  $ (10,964) $ —  $ 146,019  133 
Amortized cost Gross unrecognized gains Gross unrecognized losses Allowance for credit losses Fair value # of Securities in unrecognized loss position
Securities held to maturity:
State and municipal securities $ 35,781  $ 52  $ (3,103) $ —  $ 32,730  21 
Total securities held-to-maturity $ 35,781  $ 52  $ (3,103) $ —  $ 32,730  21 
Although the Corporation’s investment portfolio overall is in a net unrealized loss position at September 30, 2024, the temporary impairment in the above noted securities is primarily the result of changes in market interest rates subsequent to purchase and it is more likely than not that the Corporation will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery to satisfy liquidity needs, and therefore, no securities warranted an ACL.

The following table shows the Corporation’s investment gross unrealized losses and fair value aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in continuous unrealized loss position at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2024
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or more Total
(dollars in thousands) Fair
value		 Unrealized losses Fair
value		 Unrealized losses Fair
value		 Unrealized losses
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. asset backed securities $ 15,386  $ (87) $ 3,701  $ (103) $ 19,087  $ (190)
U.S. government agency MBS 5,191  (30) 8,220  (295) 13,411  (325)
U.S. government agency CMO 3,006  (37) 18,934  (1,631) 21,940  (1,668)
State and municipal securities —  —  35,982  (3,561) 35,982  (3,561)
U.S. Treasuries —  —  19,201  (1,340) 19,201  (1,340)
Non-U.S. government agency CMO 3,010  (2) 5,455  (319) 8,465  (321)
Corporate bonds 1,673  (37) 7,464  (738) 9,137  (775)
Total securities available-for-sale $ 28,266  $ (193) $ 98,957  $ (7,987) $ 127,223  $ (8,180)
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or more Total
Fair
value		 Unrecognized
losses		 Fair
value		 Unrecognized
losses		 Fair
value		 Unrecognized
losses
Securities held-to-maturity:
State and municipal securities $ —  $ —  $ 29,068  $ (2,549) $ 29,068  $ (2,549)
Total securities held-to-maturity $ —  $ —  $ 29,068  $ (2,549) $ 29,068  $ (2,549)
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December 31, 2023
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or more Total
(dollars in thousands) Fair value Unrealized losses Fair value Unrealized losses Fair value Unrealized losses
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. asset backed securities $ 4,981  $ (25) $ 6,195  $ (188) $ 11,176  $ (213)
U.S. government agency MBS 4,864  (35) 8,170  (445) 13,034  (480)
U.S. government agency CMO 2,687  (36) 16,886  (2,241) 19,573  (2,277)
State and municipal securities —  —  36,216  (3,877) 36,216  (3,877)
U.S. Treasuries —  —  30,422  (2,560) 30,422  (2,560)
Non-U.S. government agency CMO 1,127  (4) 6,065  (548) 7,192  (552)
Corporate bonds 907  (93) 6,288  (912) 7,195  (1,005)
Total securities available-for-sale $ 14,566  $ (193) $ 110,242  $ (10,771) $ 124,808  $ (10,964)
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or more Total
Fair
value		 Unrecognized
losses		 Fair
value		 Unrecognized
losses		 Fair
value		 Unrecognized
losses
Securities held-to-maturity:
State and municipal securities $ 1,021  $ (6) $ 29,404  $ (3,097) $ 30,425  $ (3,103)
Total securities held-to-maturity $ 1,021  $ (6) $ 29,404  $ (3,097) $ 30,425  $ (3,103)
The amortized cost and carrying value of securities are shown below by contractual maturities at the dates indicated. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities as issuers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
September 30, 2024
Available-for-sale Held-to-maturity
(dollars in thousands) Amortized cost Fair value Amortized cost Fair value
Due in one year or less $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Due after one year through five years 20,542  19,201  2,017  2,014 
Due after five years through ten years 24,592  23,719  5,781  5,102 
Due after ten years 62,812  59,516  26,035  24,207 
Subtotal 107,946  102,436  33,833  31,323 
Mortgage-related securities 71,062  69,132  —  — 
Total $ 179,008  $ 171,568  $ 33,833  $ 31,323 
There were sales of investment securities available for sale for the three and nine month ended September 30, 2024 totaling $16.0 million with $57 thousand in gross losses recognized. Proceeds from sales of investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $155 thousand and $13.5 million, respectively, with $3 thousand and $58 thousand in gross losses recognized, respectively.
ACL on Securities AFS and HTM
We use credit ratings quarterly and the most recent financial information of securities' issuers annually to help evaluate the credit quality of our securities AFS and HTM portfolios on a quarterly basis. The securities portfolio consists primarily of U.S. government treasuries and U.S. government agency asset backed securities which have no probability of default. The remaining portfolio consists of highly rated municipal bonds, non-agency CMO, and corporate bonds that have a low probability of default.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we had no significant ACL or provision expense and no charge-offs or recoveries on AFS or HTM securities.
Pledged Securities
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, securities having a carrying value of $51.6 million and $60.1 million, respectively, were specifically pledged as collateral for public funds, the FRB discount window program, FHLB borrowings and other purposes. The FHLB has a blanket lien on non-pledged, mortgage-related loans and securities as part of the Corporation’s borrowing agreement with the FHLB.
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(4)    Loans and Other Finance Receivables
The following table presents loans and other finance receivables detailed by category at the dates indicated:
(dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Real estate loans:
Commercial mortgage $ 800,938  $ 737,863 
Home equity lines and loans 86,967  76,287 
Residential mortgage 257,604  260,604 
Construction 250,552  246,440 
Total real estate loans 1,396,061  1,321,194 
Commercial and industrial 363,854  302,891 
Small business loans 156,499  142,342 
Consumer 342  389 
Leases, net 86,704  121,632 
Total loans and other finance receivables $ 2,003,460  $ 1,888,448 
Balances included in loans and other finance receivables, net of fees and costs:
Residential mortgage real estate loans accounted under fair value option, at fair value $ 13,965  $ 13,726 
Residential mortgage real estate loans accounted under fair value option, at amortized cost 15,344  16,198 
Unearned lease income included in leases, net (11,085) (19,210)
Unamortized deferred loan origination costs, net of deferred fees $ 4,936  $ 7,358 
Fair Value Option for Residential Mortgage Real Estate Loans
Residential mortgage real estate loans that were originated by the Corporation and intended for sale in the secondary market to permanent investors, but were either repurchased or unsalable due to defect, and that the Corporation has the ability and intent to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are carried at fair value pursuant to the Corporation's election of the fair value option for these loans. The remaining loans, net of fees and costs are stated at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of deferred fees or costs, since the original intent for these loans was to hold them until payoff or maturity.
Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
The following tables present an aging of the Corporation’s loans at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2024
(dollars in thousands) 30-89 days past due Current Total accruing loans and leases Nonaccrual loans and leases Total loans portfolio and leases % Delinquent
Commercial mortgage $ —  $ 800,087  $ 800,087  $ 851  $ 800,938  0.11  %
Home equity lines and loans 847  84,907  85,754  1,213  86,967  2.37 
Residential mortgage (1)
 369  248,293  248,662  8,942  257,604  3.61 
Construction 4,892  242,355  247,247  3,305  250,552  3.27 
Commercial and industrial 402  348,310  348,712  15,142  363,854  4.27 
Small business loans —  142,697  142,697  13,802  156,499  8.82 
Consumer —  342  342  —  342  — 
Leases, net 1,865  82,951  84,816  1,888  86,704  4.33  %
Total $ 8,375  $ 1,949,942  $ 1,958,317  $ 45,143  $ 2,003,460  2.67  %
(1) Includes $14.0 million of loans at fair value of which $13.6 million are current, $0 are 30-89 days past due and $361 thousand are nonaccrual.





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December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands) 30-89 days past due Current Total accruing loans and leases Nonaccrual loans and leases Total loans portfolio and leases % Delinquent
Commercial mortgage $ 571  $ 737,292  $ 737,863  $ —  $ 737,863  0.08  %
Home equity lines and loans 566  74,684  75,250  1,037  76,287  2.10 
Residential mortgage (1)
 1,103  254,965  256,068  4,536  260,604  2.16 
Construction —  245,234  245,234  1,206  246,440  0.49 
Commercial and industrial —  287,478  287,478  15,413  302,891  5.09 
Small business loans 1,499  131,403  132,902  9,440  142,342  7.69 
Consumer —  389  389  —  389  — 
Leases, net 2,197  117,304  119,501  2,131  121,632  3.56  %
Total $ 5,936  $ 1,848,749  $ 1,854,685  $ 33,763  $ 1,888,448  2.10  %
(1) Includes $13.7 million of loans at fair value of which $12.9 million are current, $0 are 30-89 days past due and $786 thousand are nonaccrual.

There were no loans in the tables above as of September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023 that were 90+days past due and still accruing interest.
Foreclosed and Repossessed Assets
At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were 3 and 4 consumer mortgage loans, respectively, secured by residential real estate properties (included in loans, net of fees and costs on the Consolidated Balance Sheets) totaling $1.1 million and $937 thousand, respectively, for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process.
Risks and Uncertainties
We have no particular credit concentration. Our commercial loans have been proactively managed in an effort to achieve a balanced portfolio with no unusual exposure to one industry. Additionally, most of our lending activity occurs within our primary market areas which are concentrated in southeastern Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland as well as other contiguous markets and represents a geographic concentration. Additionally, our loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial loans. Commercial loans are generally viewed as having more inherent risk of default than residential real estate loans or other consumer loans. Also, the commercial loan balance per borrower is typically larger than that for residential real estate loans and consumer loans, implying higher potential losses on an individual loan basis.
Past Due and Nonaccrual Status
The following tables presents the amortized costs basis of loans and leases on nonaccrual status and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing, net of fees and costs as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. As of this date here were no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing.
September 30, 2024
 December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands) Nonaccrual without ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total nonaccrual Nonaccrual without ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total nonaccrual
Commercial mortgage $ 851  $ —  $ 851  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Home equity lines and loans 1,213  —  1,213  1,037  —  1,037 
Residential mortgage 8,813  129  8,942  4,536  —  4,536 
Construction 3,305  —  3,305  1,206  —  1,206 
Commercial and industrial (1)
 179  14,963  15,142  3,343  12,070  15,413 
Small business loans 6,327  7,475  13,802  3,607  5,833  9,440 
Leases, net 1,888  —  1,888  2,131  —  2,131 
Total $ 22,576  $ 22,567  $ 45,143  $ 15,860  $ 17,903  $ 33,763 
(1) Increase in commercial and industrial nonaccrual loans with ACL relates to a repurchased loan as described further in footnote 5.
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Collateral-dependent Loans
The following tables presents the amortized cost basis of non-accruing collateral-dependent loans by class or loans as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 under the current expected credit loss model:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands) Real estate Equipment and other Total Real estate Equipment and other Total
Commercial mortgage $ 851  $ —  $ 851  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Home equity lines and loans 1,213  —  1,213  1,037  —  1,037 
Residential mortgage 8,942  —  8,942  4,536  —  4,536 
Construction 3,305  —  3,305  1,206  —  1,206 
Commercial and industrial 1,344  13,798  15,142  1,890  13,523  15,413 
Small business loans 10,950  2,852  13,802  6,320  3,120  9,440 
Leases, net —  1,888  1,888  —  2,131  2,131 
Total $ 26,605  $ 18,538  $ 45,143  $ 14,989  $ 18,774  $ 33,763 
(5)    Allowance for Credit Losses
The ACL is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for estimated expected credit losses within the loan portfolio over the
contractual life of an instrument that considers our historical loss experience, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions as of the balance sheet date. Management’s periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the ACL is based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revisions as more information becomes available.


Roll-Forward of ACL by Portfolio Segment
The following tables provide the activity of our allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 under the CECL model in accordance with ASC 326 (as adopted on January 1, 2023):
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Beginning balance Initial PCD on purchased loan Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance
Commercial mortgage $ 3,676  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (33) $ 3,643 
Home equity lines and loans 1,114  —  —  1  (10) 1,105 
Residential mortgage 1,059  —  —  —  (78) 981 
Construction 591  —  —  —  (12) 579 
Commercial and industrial (1)
 4,811  574  (107) —  601  5,879 
Small business loans 7,498  —  (1,104) 41  732  7,167 
Consumer —  —  (2) 1  1  — 
Leases, net 2,954  —  (1,227) 109  775  2,611 
Total $ 21,703  $ 574  $ (2,440) $ 152  $ 1,976  $ 21,965 
(1) - Meridian repurchased, at a discount of $574 thousand, the remaining balance of a commercial loan participation to another bank. The discount was recorded as a PCD loan in the ACL rollforward as presented above.
As noted above, on July 17, 2024 Meridian repurchased, at a discount of $574 thousand, the remaining balance of a commercial loan participation to another bank. At the time of purchase the determination was made that this loan had experienced more than insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination. The impact of this loan repurchase increased the balance of non-performing loans by $2.1 million and also increased the ACL by $574 thousand as this loan is classified as a PCD loan. This initial measurement of expected credit losses on a PCD loan has no impact on net income. Subsequent changes to the ACL on a PCD loan would be recognized through a provision for credit losses on the statement of income.
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Beginning balance Initial PCD on purchased loan Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance
Commercial mortgage $ 4,375  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (732) $ 3,643 
Home equity lines and loans 998  —  (86) 29  164  1,105 
Residential mortgage 1,020  —  —  —  (39) 981 
Construction 485  —  —  —  94  579 
Commercial and industrial 4,518  574  (1,935) 2  2,720  5,879 
Small business loans 7,005  —  (2,583) 108  2,637  7,167 
Consumer —  —  (3) 3  —  — 
Leases, net 3,706  —  (4,629) 382  3,152  2,611 
Total $ 22,107  $ 574  $ (9,236) $ 524  $ 7,996  $ 21,965 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
(dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance
Commercial mortgage $ 3,249  $ —  $ —  $ 916  $ 4,165 
Home equity lines and loans 790  —  2  153  945 
Residential mortgage 1,047  —  —  157  1,204 
Construction 1,294  —  —  (453) 841 
Commercial and industrial 2,241  (130) 1  267  2,379 
Small business loans 6,869  (272) 1  (511) 6,086 
Consumer —  (1) 1  —  — 
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Leases, net 4,753  (606) 90  (174) 4,063 
Total $ 20,242  $ (1,009) $ 95  $ 355  $ 19,683 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Adjustment to initially apply ASU No. 2016-13 for CECL Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (Reversal) Ending balance
Commercial mortgage $ 4,095  $ (526) $ —  $ —  $ 596  $ 4,165 
Home equity lines and loans 188  439  (87) 5  400  945 
Residential mortgage 948  17  —  —  239  1,204 
Construction 3,075  (1,763) —  —  (471) 841 
Commercial and industrial 4,012  (1,023) (130) 57  (537) 2,379 
Small business loans 4,909  1,110  (598) 1  664  6,086 
Consumer 3  (3) (1) 3  (2) — 
Leases, net 1,598  3,345  (2,845) 242  1,723  4,063 
Total $ 18,828  $ 1,596  $ (3,661) $ 308  $ 2,612  $ 19,683 
Reconciliation of Provision for Credit Losses
The following table provides a reconciliation of the provision for credit losses on the consolidated statements of income between the funded and unfunded components at the dates indicated:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Provision for credit losses - funded loans $ 1,976  $ 355  $ 7,996  $ 2,612 
Provision (recovery) for credit losses - unfunded loans 306  (273) (168) (426)
Total provision for credit losses $ 2,282  $ 82  $ 7,828  $ 2,186 


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Allowance Allocated by Portfolio Segment
The following tables detail the allocation of the ACL and the carrying value for loans and leases by portfolio segment based on the methodology used to evaluate the loans and leases at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2024
Allowance for credit losses Carrying value of loans and leases
(dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total
Commercial mortgage $ —  $ 3,643  $ 3,643  $ 851  $ 800,087  $ 800,938 
Home equity lines and loans —  1,105  1,105  1,213  85,754  86,967 
Residential mortgage 9  972  981  8,581  235,058  243,639 
Construction —  579  579  3,305  247,247  250,552 
Commercial and industrial 3,903  1,976  5,879  15,142  348,712  363,854 
Small business loans 2,847  4,320  7,167  13,802  142,697  156,499 
Consumer —  —  —  —  342  342 
Leases, net —  2,611  2,611  1,888  84,816  86,704 
Total (1)
 $ 6,759  $ 15,206  $ 21,965  $ 44,782  $ 1,944,713  $ 1,989,495 
(1) Excludes deferred fees and loans carried at fair value.


December 31, 2023
Allowance for credit losses Carrying value of loans and leases
(dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total
Commercial mortgage $ —  $ 4,375  $ 4,375  $ —  $ 737,863  $ 737,863 
Home equity lines and loans —  998  998  1,037  75,250  76,287 
Residential mortgage —  1,020  1,020  3,750  243,128  246,878 
Construction —  485  485  1,206  245,234  246,440 
Commercial and industrial 3,691  827  4,518  15,413  287,478  302,891 
Small business loans 2,805  4,200  7,005  9,440  132,902  142,342 
Consumer —  —  —  —  389  389 
Leases, net —  3,706  3,706  2,131  119,501  121,632 
Total (1)
 $ 6,496  $ 15,611  $ 22,107  $ 32,977  $ 1,841,745  $ 1,874,722 
(1) Excludes deferred fees and loans carried at fair value.

Credit Quality Indicators
As part of the process of determining the ACL to the different segments of the loan and lease portfolio, Management considers certain credit quality indicators. For the commercial mortgage, construction and commercial and industrial loan segments, periodic reviews of the individual loans are performed by Management. The results of these reviews are reflected in the risk grade assigned to each loan. These internally assigned grades are as follows:
•Pass – Loans considered to be satisfactory with no indications of deterioration.
•Special mention – Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves Management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.
•Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and payment capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
•Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loan balances classified as doubtful have been reduced by partial charge-offs and are carried at their net realizable values.

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The following tables detail the carrying value of loans and leases by portfolio segment based on year of origination and the credit quality indicators used to determine the allowance for credit losses at the dates indicated:

September 30, 2024 Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Revolving Loans Total
Term Loans
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior
Commercial mortgage
Pass/Watch $ 92,898  $ 100,002  $ 159,003  $ 143,288  $ 97,750  $ 179,056  $ 511  $ 191  $ 772,699 
Special Mention —  —  11,355  —  4,354  7,960  667  —  24,336 
Substandard —  200  —  —  437  3,266  —  —  3,903 
Total $ 92,898  $ 100,202  $ 170,358  $ 143,288  $ 102,541  $ 190,282  $ 1,178  $ 191  $ 800,938 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Construction
Pass/Watch $ 51,252  $ 67,740  $ 46,861  $ 13,892  $ 17,097  $ 8,611  $ 123  $ 34,226  $ 239,802 
Special Mention 89  1,185  319  —  —  —  —  —  1,593 
Substandard —  —  959  1,419  631  2,608  —  3,540  9,157 
Total $ 51,341  $ 68,925  $ 48,139  $ 15,311  $ 17,728  $ 11,219  $ 123  $ 37,766  $ 250,552 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Commercial and industrial
Pass/Watch $ 69,935  $ 25,251  $ 20,941  $ 20,751  $ 8,977  $ 23,484  $ —  $ 155,987  $ 325,326 
Special Mention —  850  2,641  —  —  1,045  —  5,549  10,085 
Substandard —  —  3,869  2,331  —  10,116  —  12,127  28,443 
Total $ 69,935  $ 26,101  $ 27,451  $ 23,082  $ 8,977  $ 34,645  $ —  $ 173,663  $ 363,854 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ (607) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (1,324) $ —  $ (4) $ (1,935)
Small business loans
Pass/Watch $ 28,917  $ 27,159  $ 25,859  $ 28,458  $ 9,709  $ 6,539  $ —  $ 13,564  $ 140,205 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  1,301  1,441  7,957  3,657  —  —  1,938  16,294 
Total $ 28,917  $ 28,460  $ 27,300  $ 36,415  $ 13,366  $ 6,539  $ —  $ 15,502  $ 156,499 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ (118) $ (1,551) $ (140) $ (182) $ —  $ —  $ (592) $ (2,583)
Total by risk rating
Pass/Watch $ 243,002  $ 220,152  $ 252,664  $ 206,389  $ 133,533  $ 217,690  $ 634  $ 203,968  $ 1,478,032 
Special Mention 89  2,035  14,315  —  4,354  9,005  667  5,549  36,014 
Substandard —  1,501  6,269  11,707  4,725  15,990  —  17,605  57,797 
Total $ 243,091  $ 223,688  $ 273,248  $ 218,096  $ 142,612  $ 242,685  $ 1,301  $ 227,122  $ 1,571,843 
Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ (725) $ (1,551) $ (140) $ (182) $ (1,324) $ —  $ (596) $ (4,518)



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December 31, 2023 Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Revolving Loans Total
Term Loans
(dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior
Commercial mortgage
Pass/Watch $ 106,341  $ 160,302  $ 158,647  $ 97,535  $ 56,382  $ 133,349  $ 511  $ 423  $ 713,490 
Special Mention —  —  —  4,425  4,341  9,975  667  —  19,408 
Substandard 200  —  571  —  1,635  2,233  —  326  4,965 
Total $ 106,541  $ 160,302  $ 159,218  $ 101,960  $ 62,358  $ 145,557  $ 1,178  $ 749  $ 737,863 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Construction
Pass/Watch $ 67,776  $ 88,737  $ 21,793  $ 27,336  $ 2,307  $ 2,093  $ 123  $ 25,976  $ 236,141 
Special Mention —  —  1,329  —  511  4,329  —  2,924  9,093 
Substandard —  —  —  —  —  1,206  —  —  1,206 
Total $ 67,776  $ 88,737  $ 23,122  $ 27,336  $ 2,818  $ 7,628  $ 123  $ 28,900  $ 246,440 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Commercial and industrial
Pass/Watch $ 26,314  $ 38,748  $ 24,523  $ 8,449  $ 4,148  $ 33,726  $ —  $ 131,304  $ 267,212 
Special Mention 500  9  —  —  —  1,361  —  6,440  8,310 
Substandard —  —  2,906  —  300  9,469  —  14,694  27,369 
Total $ 26,814  $ 38,757  $ 27,429  $ 8,449  $ 4,448  $ 44,556  $ —  $ 152,438  $ 302,891 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (209) $ (55) $ —  $ (2) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (266)
Small business loans
Pass/Watch $ 35,764  $ 26,621  $ 37,278  $ 11,687  $ 6,672  $ 920  $ —  $ 12,507  $ 131,449 
Special Mention —  —  —  909  —  —  —  314  1,223 
Substandard 49  1,523  5,090  2,122  —  —  —  886  9,670 
Total $ 35,813  $ 28,144  $ 42,368  $ 14,718  $ 6,672  $ 920  $ —  $ 13,707  $ 142,342 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (11) $ (912) $ —  $ —  $ (565) $ (1,488)
Total by risk rating
Pass/Watch $ 236,195  $ 314,408  $ 242,241  $ 145,007  $ 69,509  $ 170,088  $ 634  $ 170,210  $ 1,348,292 
Special Mention 500  9  1,329  5,334  4,852  15,665  667  9,678  38,034 
Substandard 249  1,523  8,567  2,122  1,935  12,908  —  15,906  43,210 
Total $ 236,944  $ 315,940  $ 252,137  $ 152,463  $ 76,296  $ 198,661  $ 1,301  $ 195,794  $ 1,429,536 
Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (209) $ (55) $ —  $ (13) $ (912) $ —  $ —  $ (565) $ (1,754)

The Corporation had no loans with a risk rating of Doubtful included within recorded investment in loans and leases held for investment at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.


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In addition to credit quality indicators as shown in the above tables, allowance allocations for residential mortgages, consumer loans and leases are also applied based on their year of origination and performance status at the dates indicated:

September 30, 2024 Revolving Loans Total
Term Loans
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior
Home equity lines and loans
Performing $ 564  $ 335  $ 771  $ 212  $ 335  $ 3,417  $ 79,640  $ 85,274 
Nonperforming —  91  342  1,260  1,693 
Total $ 564  $ 335  $ 771  $ 303  $ 335  $ 3,759  $ 80,900  $ 86,967 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (86) $ (86)
Residential mortgage (1)
Performing $ 12,624  $ 47,201  $ 143,220  $ 17,481  $ 6,150  $ 8,382  $ —  $ 235,058 
Nonperforming 129  247  2,607  763  1,069  3,766  —  8,581 
Total $ 12,753  $ 47,448  $ 145,827  $ 18,244  $ 7,219  $ 12,148  $ —  $ 243,639 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Consumer
Performing $ —  $ 38  $ 25  $ —  $ —  $ 246  $ 33  $ 342 
Nonperforming —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ —  $ 38  $ 25  $ —  $ —  $ 246  $ 33  $ 342 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (3) $ (3)
Leases, net
Performing $ 305  $ 17,524  $ 40,852  $ 20,496  $ 5,605  $ —  $ —  $ 84,782 
Nonperforming —  232  1,158  383  149  —  —  1,922 
Total $ 305  $ 17,756  $ 42,010  $ 20,879  $ 5,754  $ —  $ —  $ 86,704 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ (713) $ (2,865) $ (842) $ (209) $ —  $ —  $ (4,629)
Total by Payment Performance
Performing $ 13,493  $ 65,098  $ 184,868  $ 38,189  $ 12,090  $ 12,045  $ 79,673  $ 405,456 
Nonperforming 129  479  3,765  1,237  1,218  4,108  1,260  12,196 
Total $ 13,622  $ 65,577  $ 188,633  $ 39,426  $ 13,308  $ 16,153  $ 80,933  $ 417,652 
Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ (713) $ (2,865) $ (842) $ (209) $ —  $ (89) $ (4,718)
(1) Excludes $14.0 million of loans at fair value.




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December 31, 2023 Revolving Loans Total
Term Loans
(dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior
Home equity lines and loans
Performing $ 343  $ 795  $ 314  $ 352  $ 2,191  $ 2,295  $ 68,600  $ 74,890 
Nonperforming —  —  —  —  —  —  1,397  1,397 
Total $ 343  $ 795  $ 314  $ 352  $ 2,191  $ 2,295  $ 69,997  $ 76,287 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (33) $ —  $ (54) $ (87)
Residential mortgage (1)
Performing $ 48,576  $ 154,219  $ 22,237  $ 6,260  $ 456  $ 11,380  $ —  $ 243,128 
Nonperforming —  1,350  —  1,043  —  1,357  —  3,750 
Total $ 48,576  $ 155,569  $ 22,237  $ 7,303  $ 456  $ 12,737  $ —  $ 246,878 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Consumer
Performing $ 39  $ 35  $ —  $ —  $ 32  $ 234  $ 49  $ 389 
Nonperforming —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ 39  $ 35  $ —  $ —  $ 32  $ 234  $ 49  $ 389 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (2) $ (2)
Leases, net
Performing $ 23,054  $ 55,940  $ 30,876  $ 9,718  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 119,588 
Nonperforming 263  1,194  368  219  —  —  —  2,044 
Total $ 23,317  $ 57,134  $ 31,244  $ 9,937  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 121,632 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (128) $ (2,165) $ (1,450) $ (290) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (4,033)
Total by Payment Performance
Performing $ 72,012  $ 210,989  $ 53,427  $ 16,330  $ 2,679  $ 13,909  $ 68,649  $ 437,995 
Nonperforming 263  2,544  368  1,262  —  1,357  1,397  7,191 
Total $ 72,275  $ 213,533  $ 53,795  $ 17,592  $ 2,679  $ 15,266  $ 70,046  $ 445,186 
Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (128) $ (2,165) $ (1,450) $ (290) $ (33) $ —  $ (56) $ (4,122)
(1) Excludes $13.7 million of fair value loans.



Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification. Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the ACL on loans and leases, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. However, when principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the ACL on loans and leases. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses.
The following presents, by class of loans, information regarding accruing and nonaccrual modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
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Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve
(dollars in thousands)
Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans 2 $ 557  0.4  % $ —  3 $ 1,517  1.1  % $ — 
Construction 1 319  0.1  % —  — —  —  % — 
    Total 3 $ 876  $ —  3 $ 1,517  $ — 
Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans — $ —  —  % $ —  2 $ 306  0.2  % $ 77 
    Total — $ —  $ —  2 $ 306  $ 77 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve
(dollars in thousands)
Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans 5 $ 1,245  0.8  % $ —  3 $ 1,517  1.1  % $ — 
Construction 1 319  0.1  % —  — —  —  % — 
Commercial & industrial 5 2,737  0.8  % —  1 2,407  0.8  % — 
Total 11 $ 4,301  $ —  4 $ 3,924  $ — 
Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans 4 $ 2,701  1.7  % $ 942  2 $ 306  0.2  % $ 77 
Commercial & industrial 4 2,276  0.6  % —  1 1,406  0.5  % 422 
Total 8 $ 4,977  $ 942  3 3 $ 1,712  $ 499 
The following presents, by class of loans, information regarding accruing and nonaccrual modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Number of Loans Financial Effect Number of Loans Financial Effect
(dollars in thousands)
Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans 2 Extend maturity date 3 Extend maturity date
Construction 1 Extend maturity date
    Total 3 3
Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans — Extend maturity date and allow additional lender funding 2 Extend term and allow additional lender funding
    Total — 2

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Number of Loans Financial Effect Number of Loans Financial Effect
(dollars in thousands)
Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans 5 Extend maturity date 3 Extend maturity date
Construction 1 Extend maturity date —
Commercial & industrial 5 Extend maturity date and allow additional lender funding 1 Extend maturity date
    Total 11 4
Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:
Small business loans 4 Extend maturity date 2 Extend term and allow additional lender funding
Commercial & industrial 4 Extend maturity date and allow additional lender funding 1 Extend term and allow additional lender funding
    Total 8 3
There were 3 and 5 modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively. There were 14 and 7 modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively. The increase in assistance provided to small business loan customers experiencing financial difficulty is largely due to the elevated interest rate environment as the majority of our small business loans carry a variable interest rate. In accordance with the SBA's SOP 50-57-3 covering loan servicing, we work with such customers to help determine whether temporary payment relief would help to improve their cash flows in the near future.

There were one and two loans that had payment defaults during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and zero during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, that were modified in the 12 months before default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. There were no commitments to lend additional funds to the borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023.



(6)    Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt
The Corporation’s short-term borrowings generally consist of federal funds purchased and short-term borrowings extended under agreements with the FHLB or other correspondent banks. The Corporation has 5 unsecured borrowing facilities with correspondent banks for up to $56 million in total. Federal funds purchased generally represent one-day borrowings. The Corporation had $0 and $0 in Federal funds purchased at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Corporation also has a facility with the Federal Reserve Bank discount window of $6 million. This facility is fully secured by investment securities and pledged loans. There were no borrowings under this at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Corporation's facility with the Federal Reserve’s BTFP expired in March 2024. The Corporation has a revolving line of credit with ACBB of $5 million that is used to fund operating activities of the Corporation.

The following table presents short-term borrowings at the dates indicated:
(dollars in thousands) Maturity
date		 Interest
rate		 September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
FHLB Open Repo Plus Weekly 06/16/2025 5.18% $ 75,204  $ 104,792 
FRB BTFP Advances 03/29/2024 4.76% —  33,000 
ACBB Holding Company Revolving LOC 6/25/2025 8.25% 1,500  — 
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 9/30/2024 4.60% —  3,432 
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 10/25/2024 5.03% 8,097  — 
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 1/27/2025 4.85% 8,000  — 
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 2/24/2025 5.35% 7,813  — 
Total Short-Term Borrowings $ 100,614  $ 141,224 

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The following table presents long-term borrowings at the dates indicated:
(dollars in thousands) Maturity
date		 Interest
rate		 September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 12/22/2025 4.23% $ 8,935  $ 8,935 
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 5/20/2027 4.70% 10,594  — 
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 10/14/2025 5.16% 9,492  9,492 
FHLB Mid-term Repo Fixed 7/14/2026 4.57% 15,245  15,245 
Total Long-Term Borrowings $ 44,266  $ 33,672 

The FHLB has also issued $162.4 million of letters of credit to the Corporation for the benefit of the Corporation’s public deposit funds and loan customers. These letters of credit expire throughout the remainder of 2024.
The Corporation has a maximum borrowing capacity with the FHLB of $684.0 million as of September 30, 2024 and $626.8 million as of December 31, 2023. All advances and letters of credit from the FHLB are secured by a blanket lien on non-pledged, mortgage-related loans and securities as part of the Corporation’s borrowing agreement with the FHLB.

(7)    Servicing Assets
The Corporation sells certain residential mortgage loans and the guaranteed portion of certain SBA loans to third parties and retains servicing rights and receives servicing fees. All such transfers are accounted for as sales. When the Corporation sells a residential mortgage loan, it does not retain any portion of that loan and its continuing involvement in such transfers is limited to certain servicing responsibilities. While the Corporation may retain a portion of certain sold SBA loans, its continuing involvement in the portion of the loan that was sold is limited to certain servicing responsibilities. When the contractual servicing fees on loans sold with servicing retained are expected to be more than adequate compensation to a servicer for performing the servicing, a capitalized servicing asset is recognized.
Residential Mortgage Loans
The related MSR asset is amortized over the period of the estimated future net servicing life of the underlying assets. MSRs are evaluated quarterly for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to their amortized cost. Impairment is recognized on the income statement to the extent the fair value is less than the capitalized amount of the MSR. The Corporation serviced $905.0 million and $945.2 million of residential mortgage loans as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Corporation recognized servicing fee income of $572 thousand and $1.7 million, respectively, compared to $612 thousand and $1.9 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
Changes in the MSR balance are summarized as follows:
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Balance at beginning of the period $ 8,026  $ 9,238  $ 8,621  $ 9,942 
Servicing rights capitalized 48  9  80  9 
Amortization of servicing rights (292) (319) (919) (1,025)
Change in valuation allowance - recovery —  —  —  2 
Balance at end of the period $ 7,782  $ 8,928  $ 7,782  $ 8,928 
Of the total MSR balance of $7.8 million as of September 30, 2024 presented above, $6.6 million is classified as servicing assets held for sale in the consolidated balance sheet as of that date.
The Corporation uses assumptions and estimates in determining the fair value of MSRs. These assumptions include prepayment speeds and discount rates. The assumptions used in the valuation were based on input from buyers, brokers and other qualified personnel, as well as market knowledge. At September 30, 2024, the key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Corporation’s MSRs included a lifetime constant prepayment rate equal to 11.68% and a discount rate equal to 9.50%. At December 31, 2023, the key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Corporation’s MSRs included a lifetime constant prepayment rate equal to 8.57% and a discount rate equal to 9.50%. Due in part to market volatility as interest rates increased, the prepayment speed assumption has decreased from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024.
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The sensitivity of the current fair value of the residential mortgage servicing rights to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in key economic assumptions are included in the following table.
(dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Fair value of residential mortgage servicing rights $ 10,315  $ 11,221 
Weighted average life (months) 43 28
Prepayment speed 11.68  % 8.57  %
Impact on fair value:
10% adverse change $ (446) $ (506)
20% adverse change (859) (973)
Discount rate 9.50  % 9.50  %
Impact on fair value:
10% adverse change $ (1,009) $ (415)
20% adverse change (1,369) (799)
The sensitivity calculations above are hypothetical and should not be considered to be predictive of future performance. As indicated, changes in fair value based on adverse changes in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of an adverse variation in a articular assumption on the fair value of the MSRs is calculated without changing any other assumption; while in reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another (for example, increases in market interest rates may result in lower prepayments), which may magnify or counteract the effect of the change.

Residential Mortgage Loan MSR Sale
On October 31, 2024 the Corporation sold approximately $6.6 million of residential mortgage loan servicing rights associated with $777.2 million of its $905.0 million in serviced loans. The Corporation received $9.6 million in cash on the date of the sale, will receive approximately $534 thousand by January 2, 2025, and will receive a final payment of approximately $534 thousand up to one year from the date of the sale, or after all transfer conditions have been satisfied. The MSRs sold were classified as servicing assets held for sale in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2024.

SBA Loans
SBA loan servicing assets are amortized over the period of the estimated future net servicing life of the underlying assets. SBA loan servicing assets are evaluated quarterly for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to their amortized cost. Impairment is recognized on the income statement to the extent the fair value is less than the capitalized amount of the SBA loan servicing asset. The Corporation serviced $239.3 million and $225.8 million of SBA loans, as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Changes in the SBA loan servicing asset balance are summarized as follows:
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Balance at beginning of the period $ 3,315  $ 2,955  $ 3,127  $ 2,404 
Servicing rights capitalized 208  373  661  1,099 
Amortization of servicing rights (325) (243) (785) (690)
Change in valuation allowance (7) (178) 188  94 
Balance at end of the period $ 3,191  $ 2,907  $ 3,191  $ 2,907 
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Activity in the valuation allowance for SBA loan servicing assets was as follows:
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Valuation allowance, beginning of period $ (73) $ (92) $ (268) $ (364)
Impairment (7) (178) (7) (178)
Recovery —  —  195  272 
Valuation allowance, end of period $ (80) $ (270) $ (80) $ (270)
The Corporation uses assumptions and estimates in determining the fair value of SBA loan servicing rights. These assumptions include prepayment speeds, discount rates, and other assumptions. The assumptions used in the valuation were based on input from buyers, brokers and other qualified personnel, as well as market knowledge. At September 30, 2024, the key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Corporation’s SBA loan servicing rights included a lifetime constant prepayment rate equal to 16.94% and a discount rate equal to 13.04%. At December 31, 2023, the key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Corporation’s SBA loan servicing rights included a lifetime constant prepayment rate equal to 14.70% and a discount rate equal to 14.66%.
The sensitivity of the current fair value of the SBA loan servicing rights to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in key economic assumptions are included in the following table.
(dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Fair value of SBA loan servicing rights $ 3,575  $ 3,376 
Weighted average life (years) 3.2 3.5
Prepayment speed 16.94  % 14.70  %
Impact on fair value:
10% adverse change $ (159) $ (125)
20% adverse change (305) (241)
Discount rate 13.04  % 14.66  %
Impact on fair value:
10% adverse change $ (79) $ (74)
20% adverse change (156) (145)
The sensitivity calculations above are hypothetical and should not be considered to be predictive of future performance. As indicated, changes in fair value based on adverse changes in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of an adverse variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the SBA servicing rights is calculated without changing any other assumption; while in reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another (for example, increases in market interest rates may result in lower prepayments), which may magnify or counteract the effect of the change.

(8)    Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures
The Corporation uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities. The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Corporation’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.
The fair value guidance provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation techniques or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions.
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In accordance with this guidance, the Corporation groups its financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value.
Level 1 – Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 – Valuation is based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. The valuation may be based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 – Valuation is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Securities
The fair value of securities available-for-sale (carried at fair value) and held to maturity (carried at amortized cost) are determined by matrix pricing (Level 2), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices.
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
The fair value of loans held for sale is based on secondary market prices.
Mortgage Loans Held for Investment
The fair value of mortgage loans held for investment is based on the price secondary markets are currently offering for similar loans using observable market data.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The fair values of forward commitments and interest rate swaps are based on market pricing and therefore are considered Level 2. Derivatives classified as Level 3 consist of interest rate lock commitments related to mortgage loan commitments. The determination of fair value includes assumptions related to the likelihood that a commitment will ultimately result in a closed loan, which is a significant unobservable assumption. A significant increase or decrease in the external market price would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement.

The following table presents the fair value of financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Securities available for sale:
U.S. asset backed securities $ 30,871  $ —  $ 30,871  $ — 
U.S. government agency MBS 21,972  —  21,972  — 
U.S. government agency CMO 34,564  —  34,564  — 
State and municipal securities 37,520  —  37,520  — 
U.S. Treasuries 19,202  19,202  —  — 
Non-U.S. government agency CMO 12,596  —  12,596 
Corporate bonds 14,843  —  14,843  — 
Equity investments 2,166  —  2,166  — 
Mortgage loans held for sale 46,602  —  46,602  — 
Mortgage loans held for investment 13,965  —  13,965  — 
Interest rate lock commitments 419  —  —  419 
Forward commitments 15  —  15  — 
Customer derivatives - interest rate swaps 2,775  —  2,775  — 
Fair Value Hedge 7  —  7  — 
Total $ 237,517  $ 19,202  $ 217,896  $ 419 
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September 30, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments $ 50  $ —  $ —  $ 50 
Forward commitments 9  —  9  — 
Customer derivatives - interest rate swaps 2,796  —  2,796  — 
Risk Participation Agreements 78  —  78  — 
Interest rate swaps 885  —  885  — 
Total $ 3,818  $ —  $ 3,768  $ 50 


December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Securities available for sale:
U.S. asset backed securities $ 16,824  $ —  $ 16,824  $ — 
U.S. government agency MBS 22,634  —  22,634  — 
U.S. government agency CMO 19,573  —  19,573  — 
State and municipal securities 36,216  —  36,216  — 
U.S. Treasuries 30,422  30,422  —  — 
Non-U.S. government agency CMO 13,155  —  13,155  — 
Corporate bonds 7,195  —  7,195  — 
Equity investments 2,121  —  2,121  — 
Mortgage loans held for sale 24,816  —  24,816  — 
Mortgage loans held for investment 13,726  —  13,726  — 
Interest rate lock commitments 214  —  —  214 
Customer derivatives - interest rate swaps 3,528  —  3,528  — 
Total $ 190,424  $ 30,422  $ 159,788  $ 214 
Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments $ 17  $ —  $ —  $ 17 
Forward commitments 41  —  41  — 
Customer derivatives - interest rate swaps 3,544  —  3,544  — 
Risk Participation Agreements 11  —  11  — 
Total $ 3,613  $ —  $ 3,596  $ 17 
The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at the dates indicated:
(dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Mortgage servicing rights $ 7,782  $ 8,621 
SBA loan servicing rights 3,191  3,127 
Individually evaluated loans (1)
Commercial and industrial 11,059 9,818
Small business loans 4,743 3,134
Total $ 26,775  $ 24,700 
(1) Individually evaluated loans are those in which the Corporation has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. The increase in individually evaluated commercial and industrial loans noted above was due to reassessing how we evaluate the impairment on a loan relationship to now be based on the fair value of collateral.
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The following table details the valuation techniques for Level 3 individually evaluated loans.
(dollars in thousands) Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Input Range of Inputs
September 30, 2024 $ 15,802  Appraisal of collateral Management adjustments on appraisals for property type and recent activity
2%-33% discount
December 31, 2023 12,952  Appraisal of collateral Management adjustments on appraisals for property type and recent activity
2%-33% discount
Below is management’s estimate of the fair value of all financial instruments, whether carried at cost or fair value on the Corporation’s balance sheet. The following information should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Corporation since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Corporation’s assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Corporation’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments:
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and short-term instruments approximate those assets’ fair values.
Loans Receivable
The fair value of loans receivable is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market rates at the balance sheet date that reflect the credit and interest rate-risk inherent in the loans. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. Generally, for variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. The fair value below is reflective of an exit price.
Servicing Assets
The Corporation estimates the fair value of mortgage servicing rights and SBA loan servicing rights using discounted cash flow models that calculate the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The model uses readily available prepayment speed assumptions for the interest rates of the portfolios serviced. These servicing rights are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy based upon management’s assessment of the inputs. The Corporation reviews the servicing rights portfolios on a quarterly basis for impairment.
Individually Evaluated Loans
Individually evaluated loans are those in which the Corporation has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is generally determined based upon independent third party appraisals of the properties, or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds. Non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values, based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. Individually evaluated loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted in accordance with the ACL policy.
Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable
The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable approximates its fair value.
Deposit Liabilities
The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest and noninterest checking, passbook savings and money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts). Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered in the market on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.
Short-Term Borrowings
The carrying amounts of short-term borrowings approximate their fair values.
Long-Term Debt
Fair values of FHLB advances and the acquisition purchase note payable are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on quoted prices for new FHLB advances with similar credit risk characteristics, terms and remaining maturity. These prices obtained from this active market represent a market value that is deemed to represent the transfer price if the liability were assumed by a third party.

Subordinated Debt
Fair values of junior subordinated debt are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on market rates currently offered on such debt with similar credit risk characteristics, terms and remaining maturity.
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
Off-balance sheet instruments are primarily comprised of loan commitments, which are generally priced at market at the time of funding. Fees on commitments to extend credit and stand-by letters of credit are deemed to be immaterial and these instruments are expected to be settled at face value or expire unused.
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It is impractical to assign any fair value to these instruments and as a result they are not included in the table below. Fair values assigned to the notional value of interest rate lock commitments and forward sale contracts are based on market quotes.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The fair value of forward commitments and interest rate swaps is based on market pricing and therefore are considered Level 2. Derivatives classified as Level 3 consist of interest rate lock commitments related to mortgage loan commitments. The determination of fair value includes assumptions related to the likelihood that a commitment will ultimately result in a closed loan, which is a significant unobservable assumption. A significant increase or decrease in the external market price would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement.
The following table presents the estimated fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments at the dates indicated:
Fair Value
Hierarchy Level		 September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands) Carrying
amount		 Fair value Carrying
amount		 Fair value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents Level 1 $ 32,347  $ 32,347  $ 56,697  $ 56,697 
Mortgage loans held for sale Level 2 46,602  46,602  24,816  24,816 
Loans receivable, net of the allowance for credit losses Level 3 1,994,431  1,949,333  1,882,080  1,832,558 
Mortgage loans held for investment Level 2 13,965  13,965  13,726  13,726 
Financial liabilities:
Deposits Level 2 $ 1,978,927  $ 2,019,200  $ 1,823,462  $ 1,834,700 
Borrowings Level 2 144,880  158,600  174,896  176,400 
Subordinated debentures Level 2 49,928  49,831  49,836  50,223 
The following table includes a rollforward of interest rate lock commitments for which the Corporation utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value on a recurring basis for the periods indicated.
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Balance at beginning of the period $ 451  $ 261  $ 214  $ 87 
Increase in value (32) (32) 205  142 
Balance at end of the period $ 419  $ 229  $ 419  $ 229 
The following table details the valuation techniques for Level 3 interest rate lock commitments.
(dollars in thousands) Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Input Range of Inputs Weighted Average
September 30, 2024 $ 419  Market comparable pricing Pull through
1 - 99%
 83.07%
December 31, 2023 214  Market comparable pricing Pull through
1 - 99%
 79.48

(9)    Derivative Financial Instruments
Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives
The Corporation is exposed to certain risk arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Corporation principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Corporation manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Corporation enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. The Corporation’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Corporation’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to the Corporation’s loan portfolio.
Interest Rate Swaps
The Corporation uses interest rate swap agreements to modify interest rate characteristics from variable to fixed or fixed to variable in order to reduce the impact of interest rate changes on future net interest income. The Corporation’s credit exposure on interest rate swaps includes changes in fair value and any collateral that is held by a third party.
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In June 2023 the Corporation entered into three interest rate swaps classified as cash flow hedges with notional amounts of $25 million each, to hedge the interest payments received on short term borrowings. Under the terms of the three swap agreements, the Corporation pays average fixed rates of 4.070%, 4.027% and 4.117%, and receives variable rates in return indexed to SOFR. The swaps mature between May, June, and December 2026. The Corporation performed an assessment of the hedge for effectiveness at the inception of the hedge and performs an assessment on a recurring basis and determined that the derivative currently is and is expected to be highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, approximately $1.2 million and $264 thousand respectively, net of tax, is recorded in total comprehensive income as unrealized losses. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, approximately $497 thousand and $825 thousand respectively, net of tax, is recorded in total comprehensive income as unrealized gains. These amounts could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations and the addition of other hedges subsequent to September 30, 2024. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the combined notional amount of the interest rate swaps was $75 million and $75 million, respectively, and the fair value was a liability of $885 thousand and $539 thousand, respectively.
In August 2024 the Corporation entered into an interest rate swap classified as a fair value hedge with a notional amount of $40 million, to hedge the interest payments received on a pool of residential mortgage loans held in portfolio. Under the terms of the swap agreement, the Corporation pays an average fixed rate of 3.60% and receives a variable rate in return indexed to SOFR. The swap matures August 2027. The Corporation performed an assessment of the hedge for effectiveness at the inception of the hedge and performs an assessment on a recurring basis and determined that the derivative currently is and is expected to be highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value of the hedged item. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, approximately $7 thousand and $7 thousand respectively, net of tax, is recorded as a fair values adjustment. These amounts could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations and the addition of other hedges subsequent to September 30, 2024.

Mortgage Banking Derivatives
In connection with its mortgage banking activities, the Corporation enters into commitments to originate certain fixed rate residential mortgage loans for customers, also referred to as interest rate locks. In addition, the Corporation may enter into forward commitments for the future sales or purchases of mortgage-backed securities to or from third-party counterparties to hedge the effect of changes in interest rates on the values of both the interest rate locks and mortgage loans held for sale. Forward sales commitments may also be in the form of commitments to sell individual mortgage loans or interest rate locks at a fixed price at a future date. The amount necessary to settle each interest rate lock is based on the price that secondary market investors would pay for loans with similar characteristics, including interest rate and term, as of the date fair value is measured. Interest rate lock commitments and forward commitments are recorded within other assets/liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, with changes in fair values during the period recorded within net change in the fair value of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of income.
Customer Derivatives
Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from a service the Corporation provides to certain customers to swap a fixed rate product for a variable rate product, or vice versa. The Corporation executes interest rate derivatives with commercial banking customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. Those interest rate derivatives are simultaneously hedged by offsetting derivatives that the Corporation executes with a third party, such that the Corporation minimizes its net interest rate risk exposure resulting from such transactions. As the interest rate derivatives associated with this program do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer derivatives and the offsetting derivatives are recognized directly in earnings.
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The following table presents a summary of notional amounts and fair values of derivative financial instruments at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands) Balance Sheet Line Item Notional Amount Asset (Liability) Fair Value Notional Amount Asset (Liability) Fair Value
Interest Rate Lock Commitments
Positive fair values Other assets $ 64,979  $ 419  $ 33,735  $ 214 
Negative fair values Other liabilities 8,976  (50) 5,399  (17)
Total $ 73,955  $ 369  $ 39,134  $ 197 
Forward Commitments
Positive fair values Other assets $ 6,750  $ 15  $ —  $ — 
Negative fair values Other liabilities 4,250  (9) 4,250  (41)
Total $ 11,000  $ 6  $ 4,250  $ (41)
Customer Derivatives - Interest Rate Swaps
Positive fair values Other assets $ 49,143  $ 2,775  $ 50,593  $ 3,528 
Negative fair values Other liabilities 49,143  (2,796) 50,593  (3,544)
Total $ 98,286  $ (21) $ 101,186  $ (16)
Customer Derivatives - Risk Participation Agreements
Positive fair values Other assets $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Negative fair values Other liabilities 7,413  (78) 7,082  (11)
Total $ 7,413  $ (78) $ 7,082  $ (11)
Fair Value Hedge
Positive fair values Other assets $ 40,000  $ 7  $ —  $ — 
Negative fair values Other liabilities —  —  —  — 
Total $ 40,000  $ 7  $ —  $ — 
Interest Rate Swaps
Positive fair values Other assets $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Negative fair values Other liabilities 75,000  (885) 75,000  (539)
Total $ 75,000  $ (885) $ 75,000  $ (539)
Total derivative financial instruments $ 305,654  $ (602) $ 226,652  $ (410)
Interest rate lock commitments are considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy, while the forward commitments and interest rate swaps are considered Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
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The following table presents a summary of the fair value gains and (losses) on derivative financial instruments:
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Interest Rate Lock Commitments $ (30) $ 29  $ 172  $ 138 
Forward Commitments 4  37  47  50 
Customer Derivatives - Interest Rate Swaps (30) 33  (5) 19 
Customer Derivatives - Risk Participation Agreements (46) 6  (38) 11 
Fair Value Hedge 7  —  7  — 
Interest Rate Swaps (1,498) 588  (346) 1,023 
Net fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments $ (1,593) $ 693  $ (162) $ 1,241 
Net realized losses on derivative hedging activities were $197 thousand and $279 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and net realized gains of $82 thousand and $81 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and are included in non-interest income in the consolidated statements of income.
(10)    Segments
ASC Topic 280 – Segment Reporting identifies operating segments as components of an enterprise which are evaluated regularly by the Corporation’s Chief Operating Decision Maker, our Chief Executive Officer, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Corporation has applied the aggregation criterion set forth in this codification to the results of its operations.
Our Banking segment (“Bank”) consists of commercial and retail banking. The Banking segment generates interest income from its lending and investing activities and is dependent on the gathering of lower cost deposits from its branch network or borrowed funds from other sources for funding its loans, resulting in the generation of net interest income. The Banking segment also derives revenues from other sources including gains on the sale of available for sale investment securities, service charges on deposit accounts, cash sweep fees, overdraft fees, BOLI income, title insurance fees, and other less significant non-interest income.
Meridian Wealth (“Wealth”), a registered investment advisor and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank, provides a comprehensive array of wealth management services and products and the trusted guidance to help its clients and our banking customers prepare for the future. The unit generates non-interest income through advisory fees.
Meridian’s mortgage banking segment (“Mortgage”) consists of 8 loan production offices throughout suburban Philadelphia and Maryland. The Mortgage segment originates 1 – 4 family residential mortgages and sells nearly all of its production to third party investors. The unit generates net interest income on the loans it originates and holds temporarily, then earns fee income (primarily gain on sales) at the time of the sale. The unit also recognizes income from document preparation fees, changes in portfolio pipeline fair values and net hedging gains (losses), if any.
The table below summarizes income and expenses, directly attributable to each business line, which have been included in the statement of operations. Total assets for each segment is also provided.
Segment Information
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands) Bank Wealth Mortgage Total Bank Wealth Mortgage Total
Net interest income $ 18,151  $ 46  $ 45  $ 18,242  $ 17,205  $ (15) $ 34  $ 17,224 
Provision for credit losses 2,282  —  —  2,282  82  —  —  82 
Net interest income after provision 15,869  46  45  15,960  17,123  (15) 34  17,142 
Non-interest Income
Mortgage banking income (7) —  6,481  6,474  80  —  4,739  4,819 
Wealth management income —  1,447  —  1,447  —  1,258  —  1,258 
SBA loan income 544  —  —  544  982  —  —  982 
Net change in fair values (76) —  1,108  1,032  38  —  (394) (356)
Net loss on hedging activity —  —  (197) (197) —  —  82  82 
Other 897  —  634  1,531  658  —  643  1,301 
Non-interest income 1,358  1,447  8,026  10,831  1,758  1,258  5,070  8,086 
Non-interest expense 13,287  840  6,419  20,546  12,564  826  6,628  20,018 
Income (loss) before income taxes $ 3,940  $ 653  $ 1,652  $ 6,245  $ 6,317  $ 417  $ (1,524) $ 5,210 
Total Assets $ 2,319,072  $ 10,543  $ 58,106  $ 2,387,721  $ 2,177,145  $ 8,833  $ 44,993  $ 2,230,971 

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Segment Information
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands) Bank Wealth Mortgage Total Bank Wealth Mortgage Total
Net interest income $ 51,528  $ 76  $ 93  $ 51,697  $ 51,928  $ (12) $ 85  $ 52,001 
Provision for credit losses 7,828  —  —  7,828  2,186  —  —  2,186 
Net interest income after provision 43,700  76  93  43,869  49,742  (12) 85  49,815 
Non-interest Income
Mortgage banking income 147  —  15,381  15,528  221  —  12,922  13,143 
Wealth management income 1  4,207  —  4,208  —  3,689  —  3,689 
SBA loan income 2,315  —  —  2,315  3,463  —  —  3,463 
Net change in fair values (42) —  1,122  1,080  30  —  (574) (544)
Net loss on hedging activity —  —  (279) (279) —  —  81  81 
Other 2,487  —  2,720  5,207  1,982  —  2,034  4,016 
Non-interest income 4,908  4,207  18,944  28,059  5,696  3,689  14,463  23,848 
Non-interest expense 37,962  2,479  17,297  57,738  35,608  2,704  19,110  57,422 
Income (loss) before income taxes $ 10,646  $ 1,804  $ 1,740  $ 14,190  $ 19,830  $ 973  $ (4,562) $ 16,241 
Total Assets $ 2,319,072  $ 10,543  $ 58,106  $ 2,387,721  $ 2,177,145  $ 8,833  $ 44,993  $ 2,230,971 
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the discussion under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in Meridian Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.
Forward-Looking Statements
Meridian Corporation may from time to time make written or oral “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to Meridian Corporation’s strategies, goals, beliefs, expectations, estimates, intentions, capital raising efforts, financial condition and results of operations, future performance and business. Statements preceded by, followed by, or that include the words “may,” “could,” “should,” “pro forma,” “looking forward,” “would,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” or similar expressions generally indicate a forward-looking statement. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that are subject to change based on various important factors (some of which, in whole or in part, are beyond Meridian Corporation’s control). Numerous competitive, economic, regulatory, legal and technological factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially include, without limitation: credit losses and the credit risk of our commercial and consumer loan products; changes in the level of charge-offs and changes in estimates of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses, or ACL; cyber-security concerns; rapid technological developments and changes; increased competitive pressures; changes in spreads on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities; changes in general economic conditions and conditions within the securities markets; unanticipated changes in our liquidity position; unanticipated changes in regulatory and governmental policies impacting interest rates and financial markets; legislation affecting the financial services industry as a whole, and Meridian Corporation, in particular; changes in accounting policies, practices or guidance; developments affecting the industry and the soundness of financial institutions and further disruption to the economy and U.S. banking system; among others, could cause Meridian Corporation’s financial performance to differ materially from the goals, plans, objectives, intentions and expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements.
Meridian Corporation cautions that the foregoing factors are not exclusive, and neither such factors nor any such forward-looking statement takes into account the impact of any future events. All forward-looking statements and information set forth herein are based on management’s current beliefs and assumptions as of the date hereof and speak only as of the date they are made. For a more complete discussion of the assumptions, risks and uncertainties related to our business, you are encouraged to review Meridian Corporation’s filings with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and subsequently filed quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K that update or provide information in addition to the information included in the Form 10-K and Form 10-Q filings, if any. Meridian Corporation does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time by Meridian Corporation or by or on behalf of Meridian Bank.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies are described in detail in the "Critical Accounting Policies" section within Item 7 of our 2023 Annual Form 10-K. The SEC defines "critical accounting policies" as those that require application of management's most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in future periods. See Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for additional information on the adoption of ASC 326, which changes the methodology under which management calculates its reserve for loans and leases, now referred to as the allowance for credit losses.
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Management considers the measurement of the allowance for credit losses to be a critical accounting policy.

Executive Overview
The following items highlight the Corporation’s changes in its financial condition as of September 30, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023 and the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023. More detailed information related to these highlights can be found in the sections that follow.

Changes in Financial Condition - September 30, 2024 Compared to December 31, 2023
•Total assets increased $141.5 million, or 6.3%, to $2.4 billion as of September 30, 2024.
•Portfolio loans increased $115.0 million, or 6.1%, to $2.0 billion as of September 30, 2024.
•Mortgage loans held for sale increased $21.8 million, or 87.8%, to $46.6 million as of September 30, 2024.
•Total deposits increased $155.5 million or 8.5% to $2.0 billion as of September 30, 2024.
•Non-interest bearing deposits decreased $2.1 million, or 0.9%, to $237.2 million as of September 30, 2024.
•The Corporation returned $4.2 million of capital to Meridian shareholders during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 through a $0.125 dividend per share per quarter, totaling a $0.375 year to date dividend per share.

Three Month Results of Operations - September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
•Net income was $4.7 million, or $0.42 per diluted share, up $738 thousand, or 18.4%, driven by increases in net interest income and non-interest income.
•The return on average assets and return on average equity were 0.80% and 11.41%, respectively, for the third quarter 2024, compared to 0.73% and 10.17%, respectively, for the third quarter 2023.
•Net interest margin decreased to 3.20% from 3.29% due to the impact of deposit and borrowing costs outpacing the repricing of interest earnings assets, mainly loans.
•The overall provision for credit losses increased $2.2 million when comparing the third quarter 2024 to the third quarter 2023. The provision increase was largely due to the impact of charge-offs, an increase in non-performing loans, combined with providing for loan growth over this period.
•Non-interest income increased $2.7 million, or 33.9%, to $10.8 million driven by a $1.7 million increase in mortgage banking income, an overall $1.1 million positive impact of fair value changes related to mortgage banking activities, $189 thousand of an increase in wealth management fee income, and an increase of $263 thousand in other income, partially offset by a $438 thousand decrease in SBA loan income.
•Non-interest expense increased $528 thousand, or 2.6%, to $20.5 million due to a $409 thousand increase in salaries and employee benefits, and an increase of $393 thousand in other non-interest expense, partially offset by decreases of $131 thousand and $99 thousand, in advertising and promotion, and data processing and software expense, respectively.


Nine Month Results of Operations - September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
•Net income was $10.7 million, or $0.96 per diluted share, down $1.9 million, or 15.2%, driven by an increase in interest expense and the provision for credit losses, partially offset by increases in interest income and non-interest income.
•The return on average assets and return on average equity were 0.62% and 8.84%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 0.79% and 10.96%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023
•Net interest margin decreased to 3.12% from 3.40% due to the impact of deposit and borrowing costs outpacing the repricing of interest earnings assets, mainly loans.
•The overall provision for credit losses increased $5.6 million when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to September 30, 2023. As noted above in the quarterly analysis, the provision increase was largely due to the impact of charge-offs, an increase in non-performing loans, combined with providing for loan growth over this period.
•Non-interest income increased $4.2 million, or 17.7%, to $28.1 million driven by a $2.4 million increase in mortgage banking income, an overall $1.3 million positive impact of fair value changes related to mortgage banking activities, a $519 thousand increase in wealth management fee income, and an increase of $1.2 million in other income, partially offset by a $1.1 million decrease in SBA loan income.
•Non-interest expense increased $316 thousand, or 0.6%, to $57.7 million due to an increase of $703 thousand in professional fees, an increase of $835 thousand in other expense, partially offset by a decrease of $794 thousand in salaries and employee benefits and, a $345 thousand decrease in advertising and promotions expense.
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Key Performance Ratios
The following table presents key financial performance ratios for the periods indicated:
Three months ended
September 30,		 Nine months ended
September 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Return on average assets, annualized 0.80  % 0.73  % 0.62  % 0.79  %
Return on average equity, annualized 11.41  % 10.17  % 8.84  % 10.96  %
Net interest margin (tax effected yield) 3.20  % 3.29  % 3.12  % 3.40  %
Basic earnings per share $ 0.43  $ 0.36  $ 0.97  $ 1.14 
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.42  $ 0.35  $ 0.96  $ 1.11 
The following table presents certain key period-end balances and ratios at the dates indicated:
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Book value per common share $ 14.91  $ 14.13 
Tangible book value per common share (1)
 $ 14.58  $ 13.78 
Allowance as a percentage of loans and other finance receivables 1.09  % 1.17  %
Allowance as a percentage of loans and other finance receivables (excl. loans at fair value) (1)
 1.10  % 1.17  %
Tier I capital to risk weighted assets 7.89  % 7.90  %
Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio (1)
6.87  % 6.87  %
Loans and other finance receivables, net of fees and costs $ 2,008,396  $ 1,895,806 
Total assets $ 2,387,721  $ 2,246,193 
Total stockholders’ equity $ 167,450  $ 158,022 
(1) Non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for Non-GAAP to GAAP reconciliation.
Components of Net Income
Net income is comprised of five major elements:
•Net Interest Income, or the difference between the interest income earned on loans, leases and investments and the interest expense paid on deposits and borrowed funds;
•Provision For Credit Losses, or the amount added to the Allowance to provide for current expected credit losses on portfolio loans and leases;
•Non-interest Income, which is made up primarily of mortgage banking income, wealth management income, SBA loan sale income, fair value adjustments, gains and losses from the sale of loans, gains and losses from the sale of investment securities available for sale and other fees from loan and deposit services;
•Non-interest Expense, which consists primarily of salaries and employee benefits, occupancy, professional fees, advertising & promotion, data processing, information technology, loan expenses, and other operating expenses; and
•Income Taxes, which include state and federal jurisdictions.

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NET INTEREST INCOME
Net interest income is an integral source of the Corporation’s revenue. The tables below present a summary for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, of the Corporation’s average balances and yields earned on its interest-earning assets and the rates paid on its interest-bearing liabilities. The net interest margin is the net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The net interest spread is the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. The difference between the net interest margin and the net interest spread is the result of net free funding sources such as non-interest bearing deposits and stockholders’ equity.
Analyses of Interest Rates and Interest Differential
The table below present the major asset and liability categories on an average daily balance basis for the periods presented, along with interest income, interest expense and key rates and yields on a tax equivalent basis.
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023
Average Balance Interest Income/ Expense Yields/ Rates Average Balance Interest Income/ Expense Yields/ Rates
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 30,519  $ 416  5.43  % $ 17,400  $ 245  5.58  %
Investment securities - taxable 145,845  1,480  4.04  106,369  901  3.36 
Investment securities - tax exempt (1)
 56,408  397  2.80  58,196  410  2.80 
Loans held for sale 47,177  766  6.46  27,718  456  6.53 
Loans held for investment (1)
 1,997,574  37,339  7.44  1,876,648  33,526  7.09 
Total loans 2,044,751  38,105  7.41  1,904,366  33,982  7.08 
Total interest-earning assets 2,277,523  40,398  7.06  % 2,086,331  35,538  6.76  %
Noninterest earning assets 95,738  98,054 
Total assets $ 2,373,261  $ 2,184,385 
Liabilities and stockholders' equity:
Interest-bearing demand deposits $ 132,257  $ 1,390  4.18  % $ 160,886  $ 1,488  3.67  %
Money market and savings deposits 800,406  8,391  4.17  719,123  6,755  3.73 
Time deposits 781,172  9,532  4.85  648,646  7,300  4.46 
Total interest - bearing deposits 1,713,835  19,313  4.48  1,528,655  15,543  4.03 
Borrowings 160,063  1,985  4.93  167,889  2,086  4.93 
Subordinated debentures 49,908  779  6.21  41,311  606  5.82 
Total interest-bearing liabilities 1,923,806  22,077  4.57  1,737,855  18,235  4.16 
Noninterest-bearing deposits 246,310  253,485 
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities 37,836  36,774 
Total liabilities 2,207,952  2,028,114 
Total stockholders' equity 165,309  156,271 
Total stockholders' equity and liabilities $ 2,373,261  $ 2,184,385 
Net interest income and spread (1)
 $ 18,321  2.49  $ 17,303  2.60 
Net interest margin (1)
 3.20  % 3.29  %
(1)Yields and net interest income are reflected on a tax-equivalent basis.


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For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands) 2024 2023
Average Balance Interest Income/ Expense Yields/ Rates Average Balance Interest Income/ Expense Yields/ Rates
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 25,712  $ 1,047  5.44  % $ 19,514  $ 741  5.08  %
Investment securities - taxable 136,275  4,055  3.97  111,884  2,853  3.41 
Investment securities - tax exempt (1)
 57,007  1,204  2.82  60,042  1,266  2.82 
Loans held for sale 33,914  1,661  6.54  23,459  1,080  6.16 
Loans held for investment (1)
 1,971,595  108,274  7.34  1,836,244  94,538  6.88 
Total loans 2,005,509  109,935  7.32  1,859,703  95,618  6.87 
Total interest-earning assets 2,224,503  116,241  6.98  % 2,051,143  100,478  6.55  %
Noninterest earning assets 96,228  95,740 
Total assets $ 2,320,731  $ 2,146,883 
Liabilities and stockholders' equity:
Interest-bearing demand deposits $ 134,814  $ 4,036  4.00  % $ 198,599  $ 5,184  3.49  %
Money market and savings deposits 786,345  24,512  4.16  673,540  16,603  3.30 
Time deposits 744,025  27,148  4.87  628,419  19,226  4.09 
Total interest - bearing deposits 1,665,184  55,696  4.47  1,500,558  41,013  3.65 
Borrowings 169,265  6,271  4.95  143,955  5,450  5.06 
Subordinated debentures 49,877  2,335  6.25  40,662  1,779  5.85 
Total interest-bearing liabilities 1,884,326  64,302  4.56  1,685,175  48,242  3.83 
Noninterest-bearing deposits 236,239  271,909 
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities 37,739  35,234 
Total liabilities 2,158,304  1,992,318 
Total stockholders' equity 162,427  154,565 
Total stockholders' equity and liabilities $ 2,320,731  $ 2,146,883 
Net interest income and spread (1)
 $ 51,939  2.42  $ 52,236  2.72 
Net interest margin (1)
 3.12  % 3.40  %
(1)Yields and net interest income are reflected on a tax-equivalent basis.


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Rate / Volume Analysis
The rate/volume analysis table below analyzes dollar changes in the components of interest income and interest expense as they relate to the change in balances (volume) and the change in interest rates (rate) of tax-equivalent net interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same periods in 2023, allocated by rate and volume. Changes in interest income and/or expense attributable to both rate and volume have been allocated proportionately based on the relationship of the absolute dollar amount of the change in each category.
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 Compared to 2023
(dollars in thousands) Rate Volume Total Rate Volume Total
Interest income:
Cash and cash equivalents $ (8) $ 180  $ 172  $ 57  $ 253  $ 310 
Federal funds sold (1) —  (1) —  (4) (4)
Investment securities - taxable 201  378  579  521  681  1,202 
Investment securities - tax exempt (1)
 —  (13) (13) 2  (64) (62)
Loans held for sale (6) 316  310  73  508  581 
Loans held for investment (1)
 1,594  2,219  3,813  6,524  7,212  13,736 
Total loans 1,588  2,535  4,123  6,597  7,720  14,317 
Total interest income $ 1,780  $ 3,080  $ 4,860  $ 7,177  $ 8,586  $ 15,763 
Interest expense:
Interest-bearing demand deposits $ 187  $ (285) $ (98) $ 685  $ (1,833) $ (1,148)
Money market and savings deposits 829  807  1,636  4,843  3,066  7,909 
Time deposits 652  1,580  2,232  4,052  3,870  7,922 
Total interest - bearing deposits 1,668  2,102  3,770  9,580  5,103  14,683 
Borrowings (4) (97) (101) (119) 940  821 
Subordinated debentures 41  132  173  131  425  556 
Total interest expense $ 1,705  $ 2,137  $ 3,842  $ 9,592  $ 6,468  $ 16,060 
Interest differential $ 75  $ 943  $ 1,018  $ (2,415) $ 2,118  $ (297)
(1)Yields and net interest income are reflected on a tax-equivalent basis.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
For the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023, tax-equivalent interest income increased $4.9 million as favorable rate and volume changes contributed $1.8 million, and $3.1 million, respectively, to interest income. The favorable change in rates led to increased yields on taxable investment securities (up 68 basis points) and loans held for investment (up 35 basis points) that favorably impacted interest income by $1.6 million, overall. The loans held for investment average balances increased $120.9 million, leading to a favorable volume impact on interest income of $2.2 million, while the increase in loans held for sale average balances of $19.5 million had an small but favorable impact to interest income of $316 thousand. Growth in the loans held for investment portfolio was led by average balance increases in commercial real estate ($138.6 million), commercial loans ($40.8 million), residential real estate ($5.0 million), and home equity loans ($14.3 million).

On the funding side, overall interest expense increased $3.8 million, largely driven by the continued impact that the Fed's prior period rate hikes have had on the cost of deposits and borrowings, while Fed's rate decrease announced late in the third quarter has not yet taken full effect. The cost of deposits was up across the board, leading to a $3.8 million increase to interest expense. The cost of interest-bearing demand deposits, money market and savings accounts and time deposits increased 51, 44, and 39 basis points, respectively, while the cost of borrowings did not change. Money market/savings accounts were the largest drivers of the interest expense increase due to volume as average balances on such accounts increased $81.3 million, while time deposit average balances increased $132.5 million, and the average balances on interest-bearing demand deposits decreased $28.6 million, while borrowings decreased $7.8 million on average.

Overall, the $1.0 million increase in net interest income over this period was attributable largely to volume changes as favorable rate changes in interest-earning assets were nearly offset by rate changes on interest-bearing liabilities.

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023, tax-equivalent interest income increased $15.8 million as favorable rate and volume changes contributed $7.2 million, and $8.6 million, respectively, to interest income. The favorable change in rates led to increased yields on loans held for sale (up 38 basis points) and loans held for investment (up 46 basis points) that favorably impact interest income by $6.6 million, overall. The loans held for investment average balances increased $135.4 million, leading to a favorable volume impact on interest income of $7.2 million, while the increase in loans held for sale average balances of $10.5 million had a favorable impact to interest income of $508 thousand. Growth in the loans held for investment portfolio was led by average balance increases in commercial real estate ($153.0 million), commercial loans ($23.4 million), residential real estate ($17.3 million), and home equity loans ($15.4 million).

On the funding side, overall interest expense increased $16.1 million. The cost of deposits were up across the board, leading to a $14.7 million increase to interest expense. The cost of interest-bearing demand deposits, money market and savings accounts and time deposits increased 51 basis points, 86 basis points and 78 basis points, respectively, while the cost of borrowings decreased by 11 basis points. Money market/savings accounts were the largest drivers of the interest expense increase due to volume as average balances on such accounts increased $112.8 million, while time deposit average balances increased $115.6 million, and the average balances on interest-bearing demand deposits decreased $63.8 million, while borrowings increased $25.3 million on average.

Overall, the $297 thousand decrease in net interest income over this period was driven by rate changes as the cost of interest bearing liabilities outpaced the increase in the yield on interest earning assets.
.

PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Periods in 2023
The total provision for credit losses increased $2.2 million on a net basis for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The provision on funded loans increased $1.6 million over the three month comparable period in 2023 driven by provisioning for loan growth and charge-offs, as well as an increase in specific reserves, mainly on small business loans and existing non-accrual loans. The provision on unfunded loan commitments increased over this period due to an increase in unfunded balances and the baseline loss rate for certain portfolios.
The total provision for credit losses increased $5.6 million on a net basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The provision on funded loans increased $5.5 million over the nine month comparable period in 2023 driven by an increase in specific reserves, mainly on small business loans and existing non-accrual loans, combined with provisioning for loan growth and charge-offs.

NON-INTEREST INCOME
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
The following table presents the components of non-interest income for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 September 30,
2023		 $ Change % Change
Mortgage banking income $ 6,474  $ 4,819  $ 1,655  34.3  %
Wealth management income 1,447  1,258  189  15.0  %
SBA loan income 544  982  (438) (44.6) %
Earnings on investment in life insurance 222  201  21  10.4  %
Net change in the fair value of derivative instruments (102) 103  (205) (199.0) %
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-sale 169  111  58  52.3  %
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-investment 965  (570) 1,535  (269.3) %
Net (loss) gain on hedging activity (197) 82  (279) (340.2) %
Net loss on sale of investment securities available-for-sale (57) (3) (54) (100.0) %
Other 1,366  1,103  263  23.8  %
Total non-interest income $ 10,831  $ 8,086  $ 2,745  33.9  %
Total non-interest income increased $2.7 million due largely to improved income from our mortgage segment, despite the continued impact of the higher rate environment and a lack of housing inventory. Mortgage loan originations increased $66.0 million to $238.8 million when comparing the quarter ended September 30, 2024 to the quarter ended September 30, 2023. SBA loan income decreased $438 thousand over this period as the value of SBA loans sold for the quarter-ended September 30, 2024 was $14.3 million, or 54.6%, lower than the quarter-ended September 30, 2023, while the gross margin on sale was 7.9% for the quarter-ended September 30, 2024 compared to 6.2% for the quarter-ended September 30, 2023.
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The net change in the fair value of loans held-for-investment improved to a gain of $965 thousand for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, compared to a loss of $570 thousand for the comparable prior year quarter, due to the impact of the changing interest rate environment and the impact this has had on loans in portfolio that are held at fair value. Other non-interest income increased due to an increase in FHLB stock income, increases in broker fees and other mortgage segment related income, as well as business credit card fee income.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
The following table presents the components of non-interest income for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 September 30,
2023		 $ Change % Change
Mortgage banking income $ 15,528  $ 13,143  $ 2,385  18.1  %
Wealth management income 4,208  3,689  519  14.1  %
SBA loan income 2,315  3,463  (1,148) (33.2) %
Earnings on investment in life insurance 644  585  59  10.1  %
Net change in the fair value of derivative instruments 176  217  (41) (18.9) %
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-sale 138  (88) 226  (256.8) %
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-investment 766  (673) 1,439  (213.8) %
Net (loss) gain on hedging activity (279) 81  (360) (444.4) %
Net loss on sale of investment securities available-for-sale (57) (58) 1  (100.0) %
Other
 4,620  3,489  1,131  32.4  %
Total non-interest income $ 28,059  $ 23,848  $ 4,211  17.7  %
Total non-interest income increased $4.2 million due largely to improved income from our mortgage segment, despite the continued impact of the higher rate environment and a lack of housing inventory. Mortgage loan originations increased $112.0 million to $594.5 million when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. SBA loan income decreased $1.1 million over this period as the value of SBA loans sold for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $25 million, or 39.1%, lower than for the nine months September 30, 2023, while the gross margin on sale was 8.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 6.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
The net changes in the fair value of loans held-for-sale increased by $226 thousand, period over period due to the increase in volume and the impact of the changing interest rate environment. Other non-interest income in several areas increased including FHLB stock income, broker fees and other mortgage segment related income, as well as business credit card fee income, and other account related fees such as wire transfer fees and ATM fees.
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 September 30,
2023		 $ Change % Change
Salaries and employee benefits $ 12,829  $ 12,420  $ 409  3.3  %
Occupancy and equipment 1,243  1,226  17  1.4  %
Professional fees 1,106  1,104  2  0.2  %
Data processing and software 1,553  1,652  (99) (6.0) %
Advertising and promotion 717  848  (131) (15.4) %
Pennsylvania bank shares tax 181  244  (63) (25.8) %
Other 2,917  2,524  393  15.6  %
Total non-interest expense $ 20,546  $ 20,018  $ 528  2.6  %
Total non-interest expense increased $528 thousand, or 2.6%, largely attributable to an increase in salaries and employee benefits and other non-interest expense. Salaries and employee benefits increased $409 thousand due largely to the improvement in mortgage banking operations over the period, combined with a higher level of stock based compensation expense. Other non-interest expense increased $393 thousand due to an increase in certain commercial and consumer related loan expenses due to portfolio growth, and employee related training and recruitment fees as we continue to search for high performing individuals to join the Meridian team, partially offset by a decrease in FDIC insurance expense. Data processing and software expense decreased $99 thousand as a result of a change in mortgage customer volume, and advertising and promotion expense decreased $131 thousand as well due to the timing of marketing campaigns and events.
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to the Same Period in 2023
The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 September 30,
2023		 $ Change % Change
Salaries and employee benefits $ 34,839  $ 35,633  $ (794) (2.2) %
Occupancy and equipment 3,706  3,610  96  2.7  %
Professional fees 3,633  2,930  703  24.0  %
Data processing and software 4,591  4,764  (173) (3.6) %
Advertising and promotion 2,454  2,799  (345) (12.3) %
Pennsylvania bank shares tax 729  735  (6) (0.8) %
Other 7,786  6,951  835  12.0  %
Total non-interest expense $ 57,738  $ 57,422  $ 316  0.6  %
Total non-interest expense increased $316 thousand, or 0.6%, largely attributable to an increase in professional fees, and other non-interest expense, partially offset by a decrease in salaries and employee benefits, and advertising expense. Salaries and employee benefits decreased $794 thousand due largely to the above noted cost reduction efforts in the mortgage segment, combined with lower stock based compensation expense. Professional fees increased $703 thousand over this period due to an increase in loan and lease workout expenses and OREO expense, as well as an increase in audit related costs. Other non-interest expense increased $835 thousand due largely to an increase in certain commercial and consumer related loan expenses due to portfolio growth, and employee related training and recruitment fees.
INCOME TAX EXPENSE
Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $1.5 million, and $3.4 million, respectively, as compared to $1.2 million, and $3.6 million, respectively, for the same periods in 2023. Our effective tax rates were 24.0% and 24.3%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 23.1% and 22.0% for the same periods in 2023. While income tax expense decreased primarily due to the decrease in income before income taxes, the effective tax rate increased due to the impact of additional nondeductible expense, partially offset by an increase in tax-free bank owned life insurance income.

BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS
As of September 30, 2024, total assets were $2.4 billion which increased $141.5 million, or 6.3%, from December 31, 2023. This increase in assets over the prior period was due primarily to loan portfolio growth, as detailed in the following table:
(Dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023		 $ Change % Change
Mortgage loans held for sale $ 46,602  $ 24,816  $ 21,786  87.8  %
Real estate loans:
     Commercial mortgage 800,938  737,863  63,075  8.5 
     Home equity lines and loans 86,967  76,287  10,680  14.0 
     Residential mortgage 257,604  260,604  (3,000) (1.2)
Construction 250,552  246,440  4,112  1.7 
Total real estate loans 1,396,061  1,321,194  74,867  5.7 
Commercial and industrial 363,854  302,891  60,963  20.1 
Small business loans 156,499  142,342  14,157  9.9 
Consumer 342  389  (47) (12.1)
Leases, net 86,704  121,632  (34,928) (28.7)
Total portfolio loans and leases $ 2,003,460  $ 1,888,448  $ 115,012  6.1 
Total loans and leases $ 2,050,062  $ 1,913,264  $ 136,798  7.1  %
Portfolio loans increased $115.0 million, to $2.0 billion as of September 30, 2024, from $1.9 billion as of December 31, 2023. Overall portfolio loan growth was 6.1% since December 31, 2023, or 8.1% on an annualized basis for 2024. Commercial real estate loans increased $63.1 million, or 8.5%, commercial and industrial loans increased $61.0 million, or 20.1%, and construction loans increased $4.1 million, or 1.7%.
As of September 30, 2024, included within the commercial real estate loans total of $800.9 million was $253.0 million of owner-occupied commercial loans, as well as $110.2 million of multi-family loans. Nearly all of the multi-family real estate loans are on properties located in Philadelphia and surrounding counties we service.
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The following table presents the major categories of deposits at the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023		 $ Change % Change
Noninterest-bearing deposits $ 237,207  $ 239,289  $ (2,082) (0.9) %
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing demand deposits 133,429  150,898  (17,469) (11.6) %
Money market and savings deposits 822,837  747,803  75,034  10.0  %
Time deposits 785,454  685,472  99,982  14.6  %
Total interest-bearing deposits $ 1,741,720  $ 1,584,173  $ 157,547  9.9  %
Total deposits $ 1,978,927  $ 1,823,462  $ 155,465  8.5  %
Total deposits increased $155.5 million, or 8.5%, since December 31, 2023. Noninterest-bearing deposits and interest-bearing accounts decreased $2.1 million, and $17.5 million, respectively, during the period. This decline was largely due to customer preference for money market deposits which carry higher interest rates than demand deposits. Time deposits grew $100.0 million, or 14.6%, largely due to wholesale funding as customers prefer the higher term interest rates offered by these products.
The majority of Meridian's deposit base is comprised of business deposits (51%), with consumer deposits amounting to 12% at September 30, 2024. Municipal deposits (11%) and brokered deposits (26%) provide growth funding. Historically, business deposits lag loan fundings. A typical business relationship maintains operating accounts, investment accounts or sweep accounts and business owners may also have personal savings or wealth accounts. Deposit balances in business accounts have a tendency to be higher on average than consumer accounts. At September 30, 2024, 62% of business accounts and 89% of consumer accounts were fully insured by the FDIC. The municipal deposits are 100% collateralized and brokered deposits are 100% FDIC insured. The level of uninsured deposits for the entire deposit base was 20% at September 30, 2024.

Capital
Consolidated stockholders’ equity of the Corporation was $167.5 million, or 7.0% of total assets as of September 30, 2024, as compared to $158.0 million, or 7.0% of total assets as of December 31, 2023. On October 22, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.125 per common share payable November 19, 2024 to shareholders of record as of November 12, 2024.
Under the Community Bank Leverage Ratio framework, a community banking organization that is less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets, and has limited amounts of certain assets and off-balance sheet exposures, and a CBLR greater than 9% can elect to report a single regulatory capital ratio. The Corporation has elected to be measured under this framework for Bank capital adequacy and had ratios of 9.32% and 9.46% at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Corporation is exempt from CBLR.
The following table presents the Bank’s capital ratios and the minimum capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” by regulators at the periods indicated:
Bank Well-capitalized minimum
September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Tier 1 leverage ratio 9.32  % 9.46  % 5.00  %
Common tier 1 risk-based capital ratio 10.17  % 10.10  % 6.50  %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio 10.17  % 10.10  % 8.00  %
Total risk-based capital ratio 11.22  % 11.17  % 10.00  %

In December 2018, the Federal Reserve announced that a banking organization that experiences a reduction in retained earnings due to the CECL adoption as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which CECL is adopted may elect to phase in the regulatory capital impact of adopting CECL. Transitional amounts are calculated for the following items: retained earnings, temporary difference deferred tax assets and credit loss allowances eligible for inclusion in regulatory capital. When calculating regulatory capital ratios, 25% of the transitional amounts are phased in during the first year. An additional 25% of the transitional amounts are phased in over each of the next two years and at the beginning of the fourth year, the day-one effects of CECL are completely reflected in regulatory capital. As of September 30, 2024, Meridian has phased in 50% of the day-one effects of CECL.

Asset Quality Summary
The ratio of non-performing assets to total assets was 1.97% as of September 30, 2024, up from 1.58% reported as of December 31, 2023. Total non-performing loans of $45.1 million as of September 30, 2024, increased $11.4 million from $33.8 million as December 31, 2023.
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The changes were the result of risk rating downgrades in several loan categories including SBA loans and the acquisition of a PCD loan during the period, partially offset by a decline in small equipment leasing non-performing loans and charge-offs as of September 30, 2024.
Meridian realized net charge-offs of 0.11% of total average loans for the three months ending September 30, 2024, which was up from 0.05% reported for the same period in 2023. Net charge-offs for the quarter ended September 30, 2024 were $2.3 million, compared to net charge-offs of $914 thousand for the quarter ended September 30, 2023. Net charge-offs for the current quarter comprised of $2.4 million in charge-offs, with $152 thousand in recoveries, and were nearly an even split between SBA loans and small ticket equipment leases.
The ratio of allowance for credit losses to total loans and other finance receivables, excluding loans at fair value (a non-GAAP measure, see reconciliation in the Appendix), was 1.10% as of September 30, 2024 compared to 1.17% as of December 31, 2023. As of September 30, 2024 there were specific reserves of $6.8 million against non-performing loans, an increase from $6.5 million as of December 31, 2023. The increase over this period was due to an increase in specific reserves on certain SBA and commercial loan relationships, led by the impact of a loan participation that was repurchased during the quarter and classified as a PCD loan and therefore increased the ACL as of September 30, 2024, partially offset by specific reserves that existed as of December 31, 2023 that were charged-off during 2024.
The drop in ACL coverage ratio noted above since December 31, 2023 was the direct result of charge-offs of specific reserves on individually evaluated loans. But despite the decrease in the ACL coverage ratio in the ACL on collectively evaluated loans, management continues to provide for loan growth in various portfolio segments, as well as providing for growth in certain qualitative factors in riskier portfolio segments.
The Corporation is proactive with its loan review process that utilizes the engagement of an independent outside loan review firm, which helps identify developing credit issues. Proactive steps that are taken include the procurement of additional collateral (preferably outside the current loan structure) whenever possible and frequent contact with the borrower. The Corporation believes that timely identification of credit issues and appropriate actions early in the process serve to mitigate overall risk of loss.
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Nonperforming Assets and Related Ratios
The following table presents nonperforming assets and related ratios for the periods indicated:
(dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Non-performing assets:
Nonaccrual loans:
Real estate loans:
Commercial mortgage $ 851  $ — 
Home equity lines and loans 1,213  1,037 
Residential mortgage 8,942  4,536 
Construction 3,305  1,206 
Total real estate loans 14,311  6,779 
Commercial and industrial 15,142  15,413 
Small business loans 13,802  9,440 
Leases 1,888  2,131 
Total nonaccrual loans 45,143  33,763 
Other real estate owned 1,862  1,703 
Total non-performing assets $ 47,005  $ 35,466 
Asset quality ratios:
Non-performing assets to total assets 1.97  % 1.58  %
Non-performing loans to:
Total loans and leases 2.20  % 1.76  %
Total loans and other finance receivables 2.25  % 1.78  %
Total loans and other finance receivables (excluding loans at fair value) (1)
 2.26  % 1.79  %
Allowance for credit losses to:
Total loans and leases 1.07  % 1.15  %
Total loans and other finance receivables 1.09  % 1.17  %
Total loans and other finance receivables (excluding loans at fair value) (1)
 1.10  % 1.17  %
Non-performing loans 48.66  % 65.48  %
Total loans and leases $ 2,054,998  $ 1,920,622 
Total loans and other finance receivables 2,008,396  1,895,806 
Total loans and other finance receivables (excluding loans at fair value) 1,994,431  1,882,080 
Allowance for credit losses 21,965  22,107 
(1) The allowance for credit losses to total loans and other finance receivables (excluding loans at fair value) ratio is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation of this measure to its most comparable GAAP measure.


Liquidity
Management maintains liquidity to meet depositors’ needs for funds, to satisfy or fund loan commitments, and for other operating purposes. Meridian’s foundation for liquidity is a stable and loyal customer deposit base, cash and cash equivalents, and a marketable investment portfolio that provides periodic cash flow through regular maturities and amortization or that can be used as collateral to secure funding.

In addition, Meridian maintains borrowing arrangements with various correspondent banks, the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia to meet short-term liquidity needs and has access to approximately $879.5 million in liquidity from these sources. Through its relationship at the Federal Reserve, Meridian had available credit of approximately $6.0 million at September 30, 2024. As a member of the FHLB, we are eligible to borrow up to a specific credit limit, which is determined by the amount of our residential mortgages, commercial mortgages and other loans that have been pledged as collateral. As of September 30, 2024, Meridian’s maximum borrowing capacity with the FHLB was $684.0 million.
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At September 30, 2024, Meridian had borrowed $143.4 million and the FHLB had issued letters of credit, on Meridian’s behalf, totaling $162.4 million against its available credit lines. At September 30, 2024, Meridian also had available $56.0 million of unsecured federal funds lines of credit with other financial institutions as well as $173.9 million of available short or long term funding through the CDARS program and $328.0 million of available short or long term funding through brokered CD arrangements. Management believes that Meridian has adequate resources to meet its short-term and long-term funding requirements.

Discussion of Segments
As of September 30, 2024, the Corporation has three principal segments as defined by FASB ASC 280, “Segment Reporting.” The segments are Banking, Mortgage Banking and Wealth Management (see Note 10 in the accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements).
The Banking Segment recorded income before tax of $3.9 million and $10.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to income before tax of $6.3 million and $19.8 million for the same periods in 2023. The Banking Segment provided 63.1% and 75.0% of the Corporation’s pre-tax profit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to 121.2% and 122.1% for the same periods in 2023.
The Wealth Management Segment recorded income before tax of $653 thousand and $1.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to income before tax of $417 thousand and $973 thousand for the same periods in 2023. The increase in income in this segment was the result of an increase in assets under management and improved market conditions over the period.
The Mortgage Banking Segment recorded income before tax of $1.7 million and $1.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to losses before tax of $1.5 million and $4.6 million for the same periods in 2023. Mortgage Banking income and expenses related to loan originations and sales increased over the comparable periods due to higher loan origination and sales volume.

Off Balance Sheet Risk
The Corporation is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, and loan repurchase commitments.
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the loan agreement. Total commitments to extend credit at September 30, 2024 were $597.3 million as compared to $517.7 million at December 31, 2023.
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Corporation to a customer for a third party. Such standby letters of credit are issued to support private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is similar to that involved in granting loan facilities to customers. The Corporation’s obligation under standby letters of credit at September 30, 2024 amounted to $11.3 million as compared to $10.9 million at December 31, 2023.
Estimated fair values of the Corporation’s off-balance sheet instruments are based on fees and rates currently charged to enter into similar loan agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. Since fees and rates charged for off-balance sheet items are at market levels when set, there is no material difference between the stated amount and the estimated fair value of off-balance sheet instruments.
In certain circumstances the Corporation may be required to repurchase residential mortgage loans from investors under the terms of loan sale agreements. Generally, these circumstances include the breach of representations and warranties made to investors regarding borrower default or early payment, as well as a violation of the applicable federal, state, or local lending laws. The Corporation agrees to repurchase loans if the representations and warranties made with respect to such loans are breached. Based on the obligations described above, the Corporation repurchased one loan totaling $257 thousand and 5 loans totaling $1.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, while the Corporation repurchased 2 loans totaling $730 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Meridian believes that non-GAAP measures are meaningful because they reflect adjustments commonly made by management, investors, regulators and analysts to evaluate performance trends and the adequacy of common equity. This non-GAAP disclosure has limitations as an analytical tool, should not be viewed as a substitute for performance and financial condition measures determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of Meridian’s results as reported under GAAP, nor is it necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies.
Our management used the measure of the tangible common equity ratio to assess our capital strength. We believe that this non-GAAP financial measure is useful to investors because, by removing the impact of our goodwill and other intangible assets, it allows investors to more easily assess our capital adequacy. This non-GAAP financial measure should not be considered a substitute for any regulatory capital ratios and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies.
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The table below provides the non-GAAP reconciliation for our tangible common equity ratio and tangible book value per common share:
(dollars in thousands, except share data) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Total stockholders' equity (GAAP) $ 167,450  $ 158,022 
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets (3,717) (3,870)
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP) 163,733  154,152 
Total assets (GAAP) 2,387,721  2,246,193 
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets (3,717) (3,870)
Tangible assets (non-GAAP) $ 2,384,004  $ 2,242,323 
Stockholders' equity to total assets (GAAP) 7.01  % 7.04  %
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (non-GAAP) 6.87  % 6.87  %
Shares outstanding 11,229  11,183 
Book value per share (GAAP) $ 14.91  $ 14.13 
Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP) $ 14.58  $ 13.78 
The following is a reconciliation of the allowance for credit losses to total loans held for investment ratio at September 30, 2024. This is considered a non-GAAP measure as the calculation excludes the impact of loans held for investment that are fair valued as these loan types are not included in the allowance for credit losses calculation.
(dollars in thousands) September 30,
2024		 December 31,
2023
Allowance for credit losses (GAAP) $ 21,965  $ 22,107 
Loans and other finance receivables (GAAP) 2,008,396  1,895,806 
Less: Loans at fair value (13,965) (13,726)
Loans and other finance receivables, excluding loans at fair value (non-GAAP) $ 1,994,431  $ 1,882,080 
Allowance for credit losses to loans and other finance receivables (GAAP) 1.09  % 1.17  %
Allowance for credit losses to loans and other finance receivables, excluding loans at fair value (non-GAAP) 1.10  % 1.17  %



Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Simulations of Net Interest Income
We use a simulation model on a quarterly basis to measure and evaluate potential changes in our net interest income resulting from various hypothetical interest rate scenarios. Our model incorporates various assumptions that management believes to be reasonable, but which may have a significant impact on results such as:
•The timing of changes in interest rates;
•Shifts or rotations in the yield curve;
•Repricing characteristics for market rate sensitive instruments on the balance sheet;
•Differing sensitivities of financial instruments due to differing underlying rate indices;
•Varying timing of loan prepayments for different interest rate scenarios;
•The effect of interest rate floors, periodic loan caps and lifetime loan caps;
•Overall growth rates and product mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
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Because of the limitations inherent in any approach used to measure interest rate risk, simulated results are not intended to be used as a forecast of the actual effect of a change in market interest rates on our results, but rather as a means to better plan and execute appropriate ALM strategies.
Potential increase (decrease) to our net interest income between a flat interest rate scenario and hypothetical rising and declining interest rate scenarios, measured over a one-year period as of the dates indicated, are presented in the following table which assuming rate shifts occur upward and downward on the yield curve in even increments over the first twelve months (ramp) followed by rates held constant thereafter.
September 30,
Changes in Market Interest Rates 2024 2023
+300 basis points over next 12 months 2.04  % (1.25) %
+200 basis points over next 12 months 1.62  % (0.74) %
+100 basis points over next 12 months 0.96  % (0.29) %
No Change
-100 basis points over next 12 months (1.31) % (1.33) %
-200 basis points over next 12 months (2.54) % (2.63) %
-300 basis points over next 12 months (3.10) % (3.77) %
The above interest rate simulation suggests that the Corporation’s balance sheet is asset sensitive as of September 30, 2024. In its current position, the table indicates that net interest income will fluctuate in an up or down 100 basis point environment over the next 12 months. The simulated exposure to a change in interest rates is manageable and well within policy guidelines. The results continue to drive our funding strategy of increasing relationship-based accounts (core deposits) and utilizing term deposits to fund short to medium duration assets.
Simulation of economic value of equity
To quantify the amount of capital required to absorb potential losses in value of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities resulting from adverse market movements, we calculate economic value of equity on a quarterly basis. We define economic value of equity as the net present value of our balance sheet’s cash flow, and we calculate economic value of equity by discounting anticipated principal and interest cash flows under the prevailing and hypothetical interest rate environments. Potential changes to our economic value of equity between a flat rate scenario and hypothetical rising and declining rate scenarios are presented in the following table. The projections assume shifts upward and downward in the yield curve of 100, 200 and 300 basis points occurring immediately.
September 30,
Changes in Market Interest Rates 2024 2023
+300 basis points 9  % (10) %
+200 basis points 9  % (6) %
+100 basis points 6  % (2) %
No Change
-100 basis points (9) % —  %
-200 basis points (25) % (5) %
-300 basis points (47) % (17) %
This economic value of equity profile at September 30, 2024 suggests that we would experience a negative effect from a decrease of 100 basis points in rates, and the impact would worsen as rates continued to move downward. While an instantaneous shift in interest rates is used in this analysis to provide an estimate of exposure, we believe that a gradual shift in interest rates would have a much more modest impact. Since economic value of equity measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the estimated lives of instruments, the change in economic value of equity does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon.
The results of our net interest income and economic value of equity simulation analysis are purely hypothetical, and a variety of factors might cause actual results to differ substantially from what is depicted. For example, if the timing and magnitude of interest rate changes differ from that projected, our net interest income might vary significantly. Non-parallel yield curve shifts or changes in interest rate spreads would also cause net interest income to be different from that projected. An increasing interest rate environment could reduce projected net interest income if deposits and other short-term interest-bearing liabilities reprice faster than expected or faster than our interest-earning assets. Actual results could differ from those projected if interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities grow faster or slower than estimated, or otherwise change its mix of products. Actual results could also differ from those projected if actual repayment speeds in the loan portfolio are substantially different than those assumed in the simulation model. Furthermore, the results do not take into account the impact of changes in loan prepayment rates on loan discount accretion. If loan prepayment rates were to increase, any remaining loan discounts would be recognized into interest income. This would result in a current period offset to declining net interest income caused by higher rate loans prepaying. Finally, these simulation results do not contemplate all the actions that management may undertake in response to changes in interest rates, such as changes to loan, investment, deposit, funding or other strategies.
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Management has and continues to employ strategies to mitigate risk in the Net Interest Income and Economic Value simulations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a- 15(e) and 15d- 15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, the Corporation’s CEO and CFO have concluded that the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2024 to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports that the Corporation files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported completely and accurately within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting identified during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.






PART II–OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
None
Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes in the risk factors faced by the Corporation from those disclosed in the Corporation’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits.
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number		 Description
2.1
3.1
3.2


4.2


4.3


31.1
31.2
32
101.INS XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
Exhibit 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File – The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: November 8, 2024 Meridian Corporation
By: /s/ Christopher J. Annas
Christopher J. Annas
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
By: /s/ Denise Lindsay
Denise Lindsay
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
51
EX-31.1 2 mrbk_ex31x1x9302024.htm EX-31.1 Document

Exhibit 31.1
RULE 13a -14(a) CERTIFICATION
OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
I, Christopher J. Annas, certify that:
1.           I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Meridian Corporation;
2.           Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.           Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.           The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)          Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)          Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)          Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)          Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;
5.           The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)         All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)        Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date:   November 8, 2024
 /s/ Christopher J. Annas
Christopher J. Annas
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)


EX-31.2 3 mrbk_ex31x2x9302024.htm EX-31.2 Document

Exhibit 31.2
RULE 13a-14(a) CERTIFICATION
OF THE PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
I, Denise Lindsay, certify that:
1.           I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Meridian Corporation;
2.           Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.           Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.           The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)          Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)          Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)          Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)          Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;
5.           The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)          All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)          Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date:   November 8, 2024
 /s/ Denise Lindsay
Denise Lindsay
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)


EX-32 4 mrbk_ex32x9302024.htm EX-32 Document

Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Meridian Corporation on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1.  The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Meridian Corporation.
/s/ Christopher J. Annas
Christopher J. Annas
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Denise Lindsay
Denise Lindsay
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Date:    November 8, 2024