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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒     No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒     No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of August 2, 2024 there were 84,578,839 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding and 588,207 shares of the Registrant’s Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

  

•future financial position;

•business strategy;

•budgets, projected costs and plans;

•future industry growth;

•financing sources;

•potential return of capital initiatives;

•the impact of litigation, government inquiries and investigations; and

•all other statements regarding our intent, plans, beliefs or expectations or those of our directors or officers.

•Our success depends substantially on the value of our brand, which could be materially and adversely affected by the high level of competition in the health and fitness industry, our ability to anticipate and satisfy consumer preferences, shifting views of health and fitness and our ability to obtain and retain high-profile strategic partnership arrangements.

•Our and our franchisees’ stores may be unable to attract and retain members, which would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

•Our intellectual property rights, including trademarks, trade names, copyrights and trade dress, may be infringed, misappropriated or challenged by others.

•We and our franchisees rely heavily on information systems, including the use of email marketing, mobile application and social media, and any material failure, interruption or weakness may prevent us from effectively operating our business, damage our reputation or subject us to potential fines or other penalties.

•If we fail to properly maintain the confidentiality and integrity of our data, including member credit card, debit card, bank account information and other personally identifiable information, our reputation and business could be materially and adversely affected.

•The occurrence of cyber incidents, or a deficiency in cybersecurity, could negatively impact our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of confidential information, and/or damage to our employee and business relationships and reputation, all of which could harm our brand and our business.

•If we fail to successfully implement our growth strategy, which includes new store development by existing and new franchisees, our ability to increase our revenues and operating profits could be adversely affected.

•Our planned growth and changes in the industry could place strains on our management, employees, information systems and internal controls, which may adversely impact our business.

•If we cannot retain our key employees and hire additional highly qualified employees, we may not be able to successfully manage our businesses and pursue our strategic objectives.

•Economic, political and other risks associated with our international operations could adversely affect our profitability and international growth prospects.

•Our financial results are affected by the operating and financial results of, our relationships with and actions taken by our franchisees.

•We are subject to a variety of additional risks associated with our franchisees, such as potential franchisee bankruptcies, franchisee changes in control, franchisee turnover, rising costs related to construction of new stores and maintenance of existing stores, including rising costs due to inflation and supply chain disruptions, which could adversely affect the attractiveness of our franchise model, and in turn our business, results of operations and financial condition.

•We and our franchisees could be subject to claims related to health and safety risks to members that arise while at both our corporate-owned and franchise stores.

•Our business is subject to various laws and regulations including, among others, those governing indoor tanning, electronic funds transfer, ACH, credit card, debit card, digital payment options, auto-renewal contracts, membership cancellation rights and consumer protection more generally, and changes in such laws and regulations, failure to comply with existing or future laws and regulations or failure to adjust to consumer sentiment regarding these matters, could harm our reputation and adversely affect our business.

•Our failure to address evolving environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) issues may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

•We are subject to risks associated with leasing property subject to long-term non-cancelable leases.

•If we and our franchisees are unable to identify and secure suitable sites for new franchise stores, our revenue growth rate and profits may be negatively impacted.

•Opening new stores in close proximity may negatively impact our existing stores’ revenues and profitability.

•Our franchisees may incur rising costs related to construction of new stores and maintenance of existing stores, including rising costs due to inflation, supply chain disruptions and other market conditions, which could adversely affect the attractiveness of our franchise model, and in turn our business, results of operations and financial condition.

•Our dependence on a limited number of suppliers for equipment and certain products and services could result in disruptions to our business and could adversely affect our revenues and gross profit.

•The other factors identified under the heading “Risk Factors” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Planet Fitness, Inc. (the “Company”), through its subsidiaries, is a franchisor and operator of fitness centers, with approximately 19.7 million members and 2,617 owned and franchised locations (referred to as stores) in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Canada, Panama, Mexico and Australia as of June 30, 2024.

The Company serves as the reporting entity for its various subsidiaries that operate three distinct lines of business:

•Licensing and selling franchises under the Planet Fitness trade name;

•Owning and operating fitness centers under the Planet Fitness trade name; and

•Selling fitness-related equipment to franchisee-owned stores.

In 2012 investment funds affiliated with TSG Consumer Partners, LLC (“TSG”), purchased interests in Pla-Fit Holdings.

The Company was formed as a Delaware corporation on March 16, 2015 for the purpose of facilitating an initial public offering (the “IPO”) and related transactions in order to carry on the business of Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries (“Pla-Fit Holdings”). As of August 5, 2015, in connection with the recapitalization transactions, the Company became the sole managing member and holder of 100% of the voting power of Pla-Fit Holdings. Pla-Fit Holdings owns 100% of Planet Intermediate, LLC, which has no operations but is the 100% owner of Planet Fitness Holdings, LLC, a franchisor and operator of fitness centers. With respect to the Company, Pla-Fit Holdings and Planet Intermediate, LLC, each entity owns nothing other than the respective entity below it in the corporate structure and each entity has no other material operations.

The Company is a holding company whose principal asset is a controlling equity interest in the membership units (“Holdings Units”) in Pla-Fit Holdings. As the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings, the Company operates and controls all of the business and affairs of Pla-Fit Holdings, and through Pla-Fit Holdings, conducts its business. As a result, the Company consolidates Pla-Fit Holdings’ financial results and reports a non-controlling interest related to the portion of Holdings Units not owned by the Company.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company held 100.0% of the voting interest and approximately 99.2% of the economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings and the owners of Holdings Units other than the Company (the “Continuing LLC Owners”) held the remaining 0.8% economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings. As future exchanges of Holdings Units occur, the economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings held by Planet Fitness, Inc. will increase.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented have been reflected. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 are unaudited. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024. The Company’s significant interim accounting policies include the proportional recognition of national advertising fund expenses within interim periods. Operating results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on management’s knowledge of current events and actions it may undertake in the future, they may ultimately differ from actual results. Significant areas where estimates and judgments are relied upon by management in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, valuation of equity-based compensation awards, valuation of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, the evaluation of the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, including intangible assets, allowance for expected credit losses, the present value of lease liabilities, income taxes, including deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the liability for the Company’s tax benefit arrangements.

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1—Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2—Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3—Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

Certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities are carried at cost, which approximates their fair value because of their short-term nature. See Note 3 for investments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

The carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt were as follows:

(1) The estimated fair value of the Company’s fixed rate long-term debt is estimated primarily based on current bid prices for the long-term debt. Judgment is required to develop these estimates. As such, the fair value of long-term debt is classified within Level 2, as defined under GAAP.

Non-controlling interests represent third-party interests in certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. Allocation of net income or loss is generally based upon relative ownership interests held by equity owners in each subsidiary or based upon contractual arrangements. If such contractual arrangements are substantive and provide for a disproportionate allocation of economic returns among equity holders, the Company uses the hypothetical liquidation at book value (“HLBV”) method to allocate net income and loss of the subsidiary. The HLBV method is a balance sheet focused approach which measures each party’s capital account at each balance sheet date to determine the amount that the Company would receive if the subsidiary were to hypothetically liquidate its net assets at their carrying values determined in accordance with GAAP and distribute such hypothetical proceeds based on the liquidation rights and priorities defined in the contractual arrangement. Under the HLBV method, net income and losses of the subsidiary are attributed based on the change in each party’s capital account between the beginning and the end of the reporting period, after adjusting for capital contributions and distributions. The proportion of net income and losses attributed to non-controlling interests under the HLBV method is subject to change as the net assets in the subsidiary change.

The FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, in November 2023. The standard expands reportable segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount and description of its composition for other segment items, and interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on our financial disclosures.

The FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, in December 2023. The standard requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity's effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The standard is intended to benefit investors by providing more detailed income tax disclosures that would be useful in making capital allocation decisions and applies to all entities subject to income taxes. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on our financial disclosures.

The following tables summarize the amortized cost, net unrealized gains and losses, fair value, and the level in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s available-for-sale investments in marketable securities. As of June 30, 2024, the marketable securities had maturity dates that range from less than 1 month to approximately 23 months. Realized gains and losses were insignificant for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.