NEW YORK, NY - October 22, 2025 - Moody's Corporation (NYSE: MCO) today announced results for the third quarter 2025 and updated select metrics within its outlook for full year 20251.

Third Quarter 2025						Year-to-Date 2025
•Revenue grew 9%, or 6% on an organic constant currency basis2, versus the prior-year period, including 11% growth in Decision Solutions, 7% in Research and Insights and 9% in Data & Information. •Recurring revenue, comprising 96% of total MA revenue, grew 11% on a reported and 8% on an organic constant currency basis2. •Transaction revenue declined by 19%, reflecting MA’s ongoing strategic shift towards subscription-based solutions. •Foreign currency translation favorably impacted MA’s revenue by 2%.						•Revenue grew 9%, or 7% on an organic constant currency basis2, versus the prior-year period, with a favorable foreign currency impact of 1%. •Recurring revenue grew 11% on a reported and 8% on an organic constant currency2 basis. •ARR3 of $3.4 billion increased $260 million, representing 8% growth versus September 30, 2024. •Decision Solutions ARR3 grew 10%, including 7% in Banking, 8% in Insurance and 16% in KYC. Research & Insights and Data & Information ARR3 grew 8% and 7%, respectively.

Third Quarter 2025						Year-to-Date 2025
•Operating expenses were generally in line year-over-year as investments across both businesses, annual salary increases, and the impact of recent acquisitions were offset by lower incentive compensation and cost efficiency initiatives. •Foreign currency unfavorably impacted operating expenses by 1%.						•Operating expenses grew 5% including 2% from restructuring charges and 2% from inorganic expense growth from M&A. •Operating expense growth, which included organic investments and annual salary increases, was largely offset by savings from our restructuring program and lower incentive compensation accruals, reflecting continued focus on disciplined cost management. •Foreign currency had an immaterial impact on operating expenses.

EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS)

Diluted EPS and Adjusted Diluted EPS2

Moody’s updated outlook for full year 2025, as of October 22, 2025, reflects assumptions about numerous factors that could affect its business and is based on currently available information reviewed by management through, and as of, today’s date. These assumptions include, but are not limited to, the effects of current economic conditions, including tariff and trade policies, the effects of interest rates, inflation, foreign currency exchange rates, capital markets’ liquidity, and activity in different sectors of the debt markets. Except to the extent specifically stated otherwise, this outlook does not take into account any acquisitions or dispositions that have not closed prior to the date of this release. This outlook also reflects uncertainties about global GDP growth and could be affected by the impact of changes in international economic conditions, geopolitical events, and international trade and economic policies. Actual full year 2025 results could differ materially from Moody’s current outlook.

This outlook incorporates various specific macroeconomic assumptions, including:

Forecasted Item			Last Publicly Disclosed Assumption			Current Assumption
U.S. GDP (1) growth			0.5% - 1.5%			1.5% - 2.5%
Euro area GDP (1) growth			0.5% - 1.5%			NC
Global GDP (1) growth			1.5% - 2.5%			2.0% - 3.0%
Global policy rates			Expecting two cuts from the U.S. Fed in 2H25. Other Central Banks to maintain easing bias			Two federal funds rate cuts in Q4. Differing inflation outlooks are driving varied monetary policy approaches across other central banks
U.S. high yield spreads			To widen to around 430 bps over the next 12 months, close to historical average of around 500 bps			To widen to around 480 bps over the next 12 months, close to historical average of around 500 bps
U.S. inflation rate			2.5% - 3.5%			NC
Euro area inflation rate			2.0% - 2.5%			Around 2.0%
U.S. unemployment rate			4.0% - 5.0% during 2025			NC
Global high yield default rate			To decline to around 3.6% by year-end			To decline to around 3.7% by year-end
Global MIS rated issuance			Decrease in the low-single-digit to mid-single-digit percent range			Increase in the mid-single-digit percent range
GBP/USD exchange rate			$1.37 for the remainder of the year			$1.35 for the remainder of the year
EUR/USD exchange rate			$1.17 for the remainder of the year			$1.18 for the remainder of the year
NC - There is no difference between the Company’s current assumption and the last publicly disclosed assumption for this item. Note: All current assumptions are as of October 22, 2025. (1) GDP growth represents real GDP.

A full summary of Moody's full year 2025 guidance as of October 22, 2025, is included in Table 12 – “2025 Outlook” at the end of this press release.

In a world shaped by increasingly interconnected risks, Moody’s (NYSE:MCO) data, insights, and innovative technologies help customers develop a holistic view of their world and unlock opportunities. With a rich history of experience in global markets and a diverse workforce of approximately 16,000 across more than 40 countries, Moody’s gives customers the comprehensive perspective needed to act with confidence and thrive. Learn more at moodys.com.

Certain statements contained in this document are forward-looking statements and are based on future expectations, plans and prospects for Moody’s business and operations that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such statements involve estimates, projections, goals, forecasts, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements and other information in this document are made as of the date hereof, and Moody’s undertakes no obligation (nor does it intend) to publicly supplement, update or revise such statements on a going-forward basis, whether as a result of subsequent developments, changed expectations or otherwise, except as required by applicable law or regulation. In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Moody’s is identifying certain factors that could cause actual results to differ, perhaps materially, from those indicated by these forward-looking statements. Those factors, risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: the uncertain effects of U.S. and foreign government actions affecting international trade and economic policy, including changes and volatility in tariffs and trade policies and retaliatory actions, on credit markets, customers and customer retention, and demand for our products and services; the impact of general economic conditions (including significant government debt and deficit levels, and inflation or recessions and related monetary policy actions by governments in response thereto) on worldwide credit markets and on economic activity, including on the level of merger and acquisition activity, and their effects on the volume of debt and other securities issued in domestic and/or global capital markets; the uncertain effects of U.S. and foreign government initiatives and monetary policy to respond to the current economic climate, including instability of financial institutions, credit quality concerns, and other potential impacts of volatility in financial and credit markets; the impact of geopolitical events and actions, such as the Russia-Ukraine military conflict, military conflicts in the Middle East, and tensions between India and Pakistan, and of tensions and disputes in political and global relations, on volatility in world financial markets, on general economic conditions and GDP in the U.S. and worldwide and on Moody’s own operations and personnel; other matters that could affect the volume of debt and other securities issued in domestic and/or global capital markets, including regulation, increased utilization of technologies that have the potential to intensify competition and accelerate disruption and disintermediation in the financial services industry, as well as the number of issuances of securities without ratings or securities which are rated or evaluated by non-traditional parties; the level of merger and acquisition activity in the U.S. and abroad; the impact of MIS’s withdrawal of its credit ratings on countries or entities within countries and of Moody’s no longer conducting commercial operations in countries where political instability warrants such actions; concerns in the marketplace affecting our credibility or otherwise affecting market perceptions of the integrity or utility of independent credit agency ratings; the introduction or development of competing and/or emerging technologies and products; pricing pressure from competitors and/or customers; the level of success of new product development and global expansion; the impact of regulation as an NRSRO, the potential for new U.S., state and local legislation and regulations; the potential for increased competition and regulation in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the EU; exposure to litigation related to our rating opinions, as well as any other litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquiries to which Moody’s may be subject from time to time; provisions in U.S. legislation modifying the pleading standards and EU regulations modifying the liability standards applicable to CRAs in a manner adverse to CRAs; provisions of EU regulations imposing additional procedural and substantive requirements on the pricing of services and the expansion of supervisory remit to include non-EU ratings used for regulatory purposes; uncertainty regarding the future relationship between the U.S. and China; the possible loss of key employees and the impact of the global labor environment; failures or malfunctions of our operations and infrastructure; any vulnerabilities to cyber threats or other cybersecurity concerns; the timing and effectiveness of our restructuring programs; currency and foreign exchange volatility; the outcome of any review by tax authorities of Moody’s global tax planning initiatives; exposure to potential criminal sanctions or civil remedies if Moody’s fails to comply with foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that are applicable in the jurisdictions in which Moody’s operates, including data protection and privacy laws, sanctions laws, anti-corruption laws, and local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to government officials; the impact of mergers, acquisitions, or other business combinations and the ability of Moody’s to successfully integrate acquired businesses; the level of future cash flows; the levels of capital investments; and a decline in the demand for credit risk management tools by financial institutions, corporate or government entities. These factors, risks and uncertainties as well as other risks and uncertainties that could cause Moody’s actual results to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements are described in greater detail under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of Moody’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, and in other filings made by the Company from time to time with the SEC or in materials incorporated herein or therein. Stockholders and investors are cautioned that the occurrence of any of these factors, risks and uncertainties may cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements, which could have a material and adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. New factors may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict new factors, nor can the Company assess the potential effect of any new factors on it. Forward-looking and other statements in this document may also address our corporate responsibility progress, plans, and goals (including sustainability and environmental matters), and the inclusion of such statements is not an indication that these contents are necessarily material to investors or required to be disclosed in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, historical, current, and forward-looking sustainability-related statements may be based on standards for measuring progress that are still developing, internal controls and processes that continue to evolve, and assumptions that are subject to change in the future.

The table below shows revenue and Adjusted Operating Income by reportable segment. Adjusted Operating Income is a financial metric utilized by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to assess the profitability of each reportable segment.

			Three Months Ended September 30,
			2025																								2024
Amounts in millions			MA						MIS						Eliminations						Consolidated						MA						MIS						Eliminations						Consolidated
Total external revenue			$	909					$	1,098					$	—					$	2,007					$	831					$	982					$	—					$	1,813
Intersegment revenue			3						50						(53)						—						3						48						(51)						—
Total revenue			912						1,148						(53)						2,007						834						1,030						(51)						1,813
Compensation expense			352						283						—						635						350						318						—						668
Non-compensation expense			197						113						—						310						183						95						—						278
Intersegment expense			50						3						(53)						—						48						3						(51)						—
Operating, SG&A			599						399						(53)						945						581						416						(51)						946
Adjusted Operating Income			$	313					$	749					$	—					$	1,062					$	253					$	614					$	—					$	867
Adjusted Operating Margin			34.3		%				65.2		%										52.9		%				30.3		%				59.6		%										47.8		%
Depreciation and amortization			101						22						—						123						88						20						—						108
Restructuring			15						6						—						21						4						2						—						6
Charges related to asset abandonment (1)			1						—						—						1						15						—						—						15
Operating income																					$	917																							$	738
Operating margin																					45.7		%																						40.7		%
Non-operating (expense) income, net																					(50)																								(35)
Income before provision for income taxes																					$	867																							$	703

(1) The charges related to asset abandonment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 relate to severance incurred pursuant to a reduction in staff due to the Company's decision in 2024 to outsource the production of certain sustainability content utilized in our product offerings.

The following tables summarize the split between transaction revenue and recurring revenue. In the MA segment, recurring revenue represents subscription-based revenue and software maintenance revenue. Transaction revenue in MA represents revenue from one-time sales, including those from perpetual software license fees, software implementation services, risk management advisory projects, and training and certification services. In the MIS segment, excluding MIS Other, transaction revenue represents the initial rating of a new debt issuance, as well as other one-time fees, while recurring revenue represents recurring monitoring fees of a rated debt obligation and/or entities that issue such obligations, as well as revenue from programs such as commercial paper, medium-term notes and shelf registrations. In MIS Other, transaction revenue represents revenue from professional services, while recurring revenue represents financial instrument pricing services.

The Company presents Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Margin because management deems these metrics to be useful measures to provide additional perspective on Moody's operating performance. Adjusted Operating Income excludes the impact of: i) depreciation and amortization; ii) restructuring charges/adjustments; and iii) charges related to asset abandonment. Depreciation and amortization are excluded because companies utilize productive assets of different estimated useful lives and use different methods of acquiring and depreciating productive assets. Restructuring charges/adjustments and charges related to asset abandonment, which the Company believes are not reflective of its ongoing operating cost structure, are excluded as the frequency and magnitude of these charges may vary widely across periods and companies.

Management believes that the exclusion of the aforementioned items, as detailed in the reconciliation below, allows for an additional perspective on the Company’s operating results from period to period and across companies. The Company defines Adjusted Operating Margin as Adjusted Operating Income divided by revenue.

The Company defines Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by operating activities minus cash paid for capital additions. Management believes that Free Cash Flow is a useful metric in assessing the Company’s cash flows to service debt, pay dividends and to fund acquisitions and share repurchases. Management deems capital expenditures essential to the Company’s product and service innovations and maintenance of Moody’s operational capabilities. Accordingly, capital expenditures are deemed to be a recurring use of Moody’s cash flow.

Below is a reconciliation of the Company’s net cash flows from operating activities to Free Cash Flow:

The Company presents organic constant currency revenue growth (decline) as its non-GAAP measure of revenue growth (decline). Management deems this measure to be useful in providing additional perspective in assessing the Company's revenue growth (decline) excluding both the inorganic revenue impacts from certain acquisition activity and the impacts of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company calculates the dollar impact of foreign exchange as the difference between the translation of its current period non-USD functional currency results using comparative prior period weighted average foreign exchange translation rates and current year reported results.

Below is a reconciliation of the Company's reported revenue and growth (decline) rates to its organic constant currency revenue growth (decline) measures: