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FALSE000146608500014660852023-02-152023-02-15

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_____________________________________________
FORM 8-K
_____________________________________________
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): February 15, 2023
_____________________________________________
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_____________________________________________
Maryland
001-36041
26-4567130
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
(Commission
File Number)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
1835 Market Street, Suite 2601
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19103
(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)
(267) 270-4800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
Former name or former address, if changed since last report
_____________________________________________
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
o
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
o
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
o
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
o
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock
IRT
NYSE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Condition.






On February 15, 2023, IRT issued a press release regarding its earnings for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022. Additionally, IRT is furnishing certain supplemental information with this Current Report. Copies of such press release and such supplemental information are furnished as Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2, respectively, to this Current Report and are incorporated by reference herein. The information in this Current Report, including Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2 hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section. The information in this Current Report shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Item 7.01    Regulation FD Disclosure.
The information provided in Item 2.02 above is incorporated by reference into this Item 7.01.
Item 9.01    Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d)Exhibits.
99.1
99.2
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).



SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
February 15, 2023 By: /s/ James J. Sebra
Name: James J. Sebra
Title: Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

EX-99.1 2 irt-20230215xsupex991.htm EX-99.1 Document

Exhibit 99.1

Independence Realty Trust Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2022 Financial Results

Introduces Full Year 2023 Guidance

PHILADELPHIA – (BUSINESS WIRE) – February 15, 2023 — Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (“IRT”) (NYSE: IRT), a multifamily apartment REIT, today announced its fourth quarter and full year 2022 financial results and introduced its full year 2023 guidance.
Fourth Quarter Highlights
•Net income available to common shares of $33.6 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $28.6 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.15 for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $0.23 for the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Combined same-store portfolio net operating income (“NOI”) growth of 13.0% for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Core Funds from Operations (“CFFO”) of $66.8 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $31.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021. CFFO per share was $0.29 for the fourth quarter of 2022, as compared to $0.24 for the fourth quarter of 2021.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $93.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $42.3 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Value add program has completed renovations at 656 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2022, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the quarter of 20.5%.
Full Year Highlights
•Net income available to common shares of $117.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $44.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.53 for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $0.41 for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Combined same-store portfolio NOI growth of 13.7% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021.
•CFFO of $247.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $92.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. CFFO per share was $1.08 for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to $0.84 for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $346.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $128.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Value add program has completed renovations at 1,451 units during the year ended December 31, 2022, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the year of 24.1%.
2023 Guidance Highlights
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.25 at the mid-point of our guidance range.
•CFFO per share of $1.14 at the mid-point of our guidance range.
•2023 same store NOI growth of 6.5% at the mid-point of our guidance range.
1


Included later in this press release are definitions of NOI, CFFO, Adjusted EBITDA and other Non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of such measures to their most comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Management Commentary
“We are pleased with our accomplishments in 2022, as we integrated the STAR portfolio while successfully operating our business during volatile market conditions,” said Scott Schaeffer, Chairman and CEO of IRT. “We delivered fourth quarter and full year same store NOI growth of 13.0% and 13.7%, respectively and Core FFO per share growth of nearly 30% in 2022. While we expect macroeconomic uncertainty to persist, we remain confident in our portfolio in attractive markets and expect favorable demand trends to support our performance. Looking ahead to 2023, our guidance reflects another year of growth at IRT, as we continue to focus on executing our value add strategy and operating our well-positioned portfolio of middle market communities.”
Combined Same-Store Portfolio(1) Operating Results
Fourth Quarter 2022 Compared to
 Fourth Quarter 2021
Full Year 2022
 Compared to
 Full Year 2021
Rental and other property revenue (2)
9.8% increase
10.7% increase
Property operating expenses
4.6% increase
5.9% increase
Net operating income (“NOI”) (2)
13.0% increase
13.7% increase
Average occupancy
220 bps decrease to 93.8%
130 bps decrease to 94.7%
Average rental rate
12.2% increase to $1,514
12.0% increase to $1,446
NOI Margin
180 bps increase to 64.6%
160 bps increase to 63.1%
(1)Combined same-store portfolio includes 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
(2)Reflects upfront concessions recorded on a straight-line basis. With upfront concessions recorded on a cash basis, the increase in rental and other property revenue would be 9.6% and 10.3%, for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and the increase in NOI would be 12.6% and 13.0% for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, respectively.
2


Operating Metrics
The table below summarizes operating metrics for the combined same-store portfolio for the applicable periods.
4Q 2022
1Q 2023 (3)
Combined Same-Store Portfolio (1)
   Average Occupancy 93.8  % 93.2  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth: (2)
        New Leases 6.4  % 4.6  %
        Renewal Leases 7.6  % 4.9  %
        Blended 7.0  % 4.8  %
   Resident retention rate 45.4  % 51.0  %
Combined Same-Store Portfolio excluding Ongoing Value Add
   Average Occupancy 94.6  % 94.0  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth: (2)
        New Leases 5.2  % 3.7  %
        Renewal Leases 6.8  % 4.5  %
        Blended 6.0  % 4.2  %
   Resident retention rate 46.7  % 51.3  %
Value Add (18 properties with Ongoing Value Add)
   Average Occupancy 90.2  % 89.8  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth: (2)
        New Leases 11.6  % 7.7  %
        Renewal Leases 11.4  % 7.1  %
        Blended 11.5  % 7.4  %
   Resident retention rate 39.3  % 49.3  %
(1)Combined same-store portfolio for 4Q 2022 includes 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units. Combined same-store portfolio for 1Q 2023 includes 116 properties, which represent 34,571 units.
(2)Lease-over-lease effective rent growth represents the change in effective monthly rent, as adjusted for concessions, for each unit that had a prior lease and current lease that are for a term of 9-13 months.
(3)1Q 2023 average occupancy and resident retention rates are as through February 13, 2023. 1Q 2023 new lease and renewal rates are for leases commencing during 1Q 2023 that were signed as of February 13, 2023.
Value Add Program
We completed renovations on 656 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2022, bringing our total renovations completed during the year ended December 31, 2022 to 1,451 units. For the 1,451 units renovated during the year ended December 31, 2022 we achieved a return on investment of 24.1%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $13,659, and an average rent increase per renovated unit of $270. See the Value Add Summary page of our supplemental for additional information on our projects life to date as of December 31, 2022.
Investment Activity
Held for Sale
As of December 31, 2022, in connection with our ongoing capital recycling program, we had one property in Indianapolis, IN, classified as held for sale. We expect the disposition to close in the first quarter of 2023. The proceeds from the disposition will be used to reduce indebtedness.
3


Dispositions
During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, we sold two previously held for sale properties, one in Louisville, KY and one in Terre Haute, IN. The combined sale price was $99.0 million and we recognized a net gain on sale of $17.0 million.
Capital Expenditures
For the quarter ended December 31, 2022, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $4.6 million, or $129 per unit. For the year ended December 31, 2022, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $24.3 million, or $680 per unit.
Dividend Distribution
On December 12, 2022, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.14 per share of our common stock, which was paid on January 20, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 30, 2022.
2023 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance
We are introducing 2023 full year guidance. Earnings per diluted share is projected to be in the range of $0.23 to $0.27. A reconciliation of IRT's projected net income allocable to common shares to its projected CFFO per share is included below. See the schedules and definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding how IRT calculates CFFO and for management’s definition and rationale for the usefulness of CFFO.
2023 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance (1)(2)
Low High
Earnings per share $0.23 $0.27
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization
0.95 0.95
Gain on sale of real estate assets (3)
(0.01) (0.01)
     Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net (0.05) (0.05)
Core FFO per share $1.12 $1.16
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions presented in the table below, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual full year 2023 EPS and CFFO could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below. Our guidance is based on the key guidance assumptions detailed below.
(2)Per share guidance is based on 230.0 million weighted average shares and units outstanding.
(3)Gains on sale of real estate assets includes one property identified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022.
4


2023 Guidance Assumptions
Our key guidance assumptions for 2023 are enumerated below. See definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding our same-store definitions.
Combined Same-Store Portfolio
2023 Outlook (1)
Number of properties/units 116 properties / 34,571 units
Property revenue growth 5.7% to 7.0%
Controllable operating expense growth 3.3% to 5.4%
Real estate tax and insurance expense growth 8.1% to 9.1%
Total operating expense growth 5.2% to 6.9%
Property NOI growth 5.0% to 8.0%
Corporate Expenses
   General and administrative & Property management expenses $51.5 million to $53.5 million
   Interest expense (2)
$104.5 million to $106.5 million
Transaction/Investment Volume (3)
Acquisition volume None
Disposition volume $35.0 million to $40.0 million
Capital Expenditures
Recurring $19.0 million to $21.0 million
Value add & non-recurring $78.0 million to $82.0 million
Development $80.0 million to $90.0 million
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual results could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below.
(2)Interest expense includes amortization of deferred financing costs but excludes loan premium accretion, net. As a result of purchase accounting associated with the merger with Steadfast Apartment REIT, Inc. (“STAR”) on December 16, 2021, we recorded a $72.1 million loan premium, net, related to STAR debt. This loan premium will be accreted into and reduce GAAP interest expense over the remaining term of the associated debt. However, loan premium accretion will be excluded from CFFO.
(3)Includes one property identified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022. We continue to evaluate our portfolio for capital recycling opportunities so actual acquisitions and dispositions could vary significantly from our projections. We undertake no duty to update these assumptions. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below.

5


Selected Financial Information
See the schedules at the end of this earnings release for selected financial information for IRT.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions
We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this earnings release: FFO, CFFO, NOI and Adjusted EBITDA. Included at the end of this release are definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of our reported net income to our FFO and CFFO, a reconciliation of our same store NOI to our reported net income, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and management’s rationales for the usefulness of each of these and other non-GAAP financial measures used in this release.
Conference Call
All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 9:00 AM ET on Thursday, February 16, 2023 from the investor relations section of the IRT website at www.irtliving.com or by dialing 1.844.200.6205, access code 513491. For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call from the investor relations section of IRT’s website and telephonically until Thursday, February 23, 2022 by dialing 1.866.813.9403, access code 910516.
Supplemental Information
We produce supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures, same store information and other useful information for investors. The supplemental information is available via our website, www.irtliving.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.
About Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT) is a real estate investment trust that owns and operates multifamily communities, across non-gateway U.S. markets including Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, Columbus, OH, Indianapolis, IN, Oklahoma City, OK, Raleigh-Durham, NC, Houston, TX, Nashville, TN, and Tampa, FL. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT aims to provide stockholders attractive risk-adjusted returns through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and a consistent return on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
6


Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “will,” “strategy,” “expects,” “seeks,” “believes,” “potential,” or other similar words that predict or indicate future events and trends and that do not report historical matters.
These forward-looking statements involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market including legislation that may regulate rents or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of COVID-19 and other potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve projected rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the initiatives, unknown or unexpected liabilities including the cost of legal proceedings, inability to sell certain assets within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.
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Schedule I
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Selected Financial Information
Dollars in thousands, except per share data (unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Selected Financial Information:
Operating Statistics:
Net income (loss) available to common shares $ 33,631  $ 16,223  $ (7,205) $ 74,600  $ 28,615 
Earnings (loss) per share -- diluted $ 0.15  $ 0.07  $ (0.03) $ 0.34  $ 0.23 
Rental and other property revenue $ 162,493  $ 160,300  $ 154,643  $ 149,977  $ 76,803 
Property operating expenses $ 57,450  $ 59,967  $ 58,976  $ 55,883  $ 26,952 
NOI $ 105,043  $ 100,333  $ 95,667  $ 94,094  $ 49,851 
NOI margin 64.6  % 62.6  % 61.9  % 62.7  % 64.9  %
Adjusted EBITDA $ 93,017  $ 89,264  $ 83,228  $ 81,375  $ 42,301 
CORE FFO per share $ 0.29  $ 0.28  $ 0.26  $ 0.25  $ 0.24 
Dividends per share $ 0.14  $ 0.14  $ 0.14  $ 0.12  $ 0.12 
CORE FFO payout ratio 48.3  % 50.0  % 53.8  % 48.0  % 50.0  %
Portfolio Data:
Total gross assets $ 7,034,902  $ 7,097,280  $ 6,801,034  $ 6,731,377  $ 6,785,648 
Total number of operating properties 120  122  120  119  123 
Total units 35,526  36,176  35,594  35,498  36,831 
Period end occupancy 93.6  % 94.6  % 95.7  % 95.4  % 95.6  %
Total portfolio average occupancy 93.9  % 94.2  % 95.5  % 95.2  % 96.0  %
Total portfolio average effective monthly rent, per
  unit
$ 1,522  $ 1,484  $ 1,414  $ 1,374  $ 1,329 
Combined same-store portfolio period end
  occupancy (a)
93.5  % 94.5  % 95.4  % 95.6  % 95.7  %
Combined same-store portfolio average occupancy
  (a)
93.8  % 94.2  % 95.6  % 95.3  % 96.0  %
Combined same-store portfolio average effective
  monthly rent, per unit (a)
$ 1,514  $ 1,481  $ 1,414  $ 1,375  $ 1,349 
Capitalization:
Total debt (b) $ 2,631,645  $ 2,713,625  $ 2,552,936  $ 2,542,088  $ 2,705,336 
Common share price, period end $ 16.86  $ 16.73  $ 20.73  $ 26.44  $ 25.83 
Market equity capitalization $ 3,880,432  $ 3,850,365  $ 4,729,580  $ 6,031,873  $ 5,882,410 
Total market capitalization $ 6,512,077  $ 6,563,990  $ 7,282,516  $ 8,573,961  $ 8,587,746 
Total debt/total gross assets 37.4  % 38.2  % 37.5  % 37.8  % 39.9  %
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (c) 6.9x 7.2x 7.4x 7.6x 7.7x
Interest coverage 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 3.9x
Common shares and OP Units:
Shares outstanding 224,064,940  224,056,179  222,060,280  221,163,391  220,753,735 
OP units outstanding 6,091,171  6,091,171  6,091,171  6,970,993  6,981,841 
Common shares and OP units outstanding 230,156,111  230,147,350  228,151,451  228,134,384  227,735,577 
Weighted average common shares and OP units 229,994,927  228,051,780  227,964,753  227,778,484  127,046,225 
(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
(b)Includes indebtedness associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
(c)Reflects net debt to Adjusted EBITDA for each period presented, including adjustments for the timing of acquisitions and dispositions, impacting quarterly EBITDA. For the five quarters ended December 31, 2022, net debt to Adjusted EBITDA excluding adjustments for timing of acquisitions and dispositions was 6.9x, 7.4x, 7.4x, 7.5x, and 15.4x, respectively.
8


Schedule II
Independence Realty Trust Inc.
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Funds from Operations and Core Funds from Operations
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
(unaudited)


For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 29,465  $ 120,659  $ 45,529 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization 51,957 26,068 251,545  76,487 
Real estate depreciation and amortization from
  investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
416 2,320  — 
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of real estate
  assets, net, excluding prepayment (gains) losses
(16,635) (78,490) (111,347) (90,277)
FFO $ 70,262  $ (22,957) $ 263,177  $ 31,739 
FFO per share $ 0.31  $ (0.18) $ 1.15  $ 0.29 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO $ 70,262  $ (22,957) $ 263,177  $ 31,739 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization 204 142 1,304  423 
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) (8,866) 359 
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization,
  net
(2,760) (501) (11,005) (501)
Prepayment (gains) losses on asset dispositions (409) 2,312 (409) 2,607 
Loss on extinguishment of debt 10,261 —  10,261 
Other income, net (860) (2,298) — 
Merger and integration costs 2,028 41,787 5,505  47,063 
CFFO $ 66,775  $ 31,044  $ 247,408  $ 91,951 
CFFO per share $ 0.29  $ 0.24  $ 1.08  $ 0.84 
Weighted-average shares and units
  outstanding
229,994,927 127,046,225 228,452,958 109,418,810
9



Schedule III
Independence Realty Trust Inc.
Reconciliation of Combined Same-Store Net Operating Income to Net Income (Loss)
Dollars in thousands
(unaudited)
For the Three-Months Ended (a)
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Reconciliation of combined same-store portfolio NOI to net income (loss):
Combined same-store portfolio NOI $ 97,774  $ 94,041  $ 90,263  $ 88,638  $ 86,544 
Combined non same-store portfolio NOI 7,269  6,292  5,404  5,456  8,393 
Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI —  —  —  —  (45,086)
Other revenue 306  300  120  385  113 
Property management expenses (6,593) (5,744) (6,139) (5,556) (3,221)
General and administrative expenses (5,739) (5,625) (6,968) (7,928) (4,442)
Depreciation and amortization expense (52,161) (49,722) (72,793) (78,174) (26,210)
Casualty (losses) gains, net 1,690  191  5,592  1,393  — 
Interest expense (23,337) (22,093) (20,994) (20,531) (10,757)
Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of
  real estate assets, net
17,044  —  —  94,712  76,179 
Loss on extinguishment of debt —  —  —  —  (10,261)
Other income, net 57  765  294  443  — 
Gain (loss) from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
242  (1,477) (871) (63) — 
Merger and integration costs (2,028) (275) (1,307) (1,895) (41,787)
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 16,653  $ (7,399) $ 76,880  $ 29,465 
(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
10


Schedule IV
Independence Realty Trust Inc.
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and Interest Coverage Ratio
Dollars in thousands
(unaudited)
 Three Months Ended
ADJUSTED EBITDA: Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 16,653  $ (7,399) $ 76,880  $ 29,465 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense 23,337  22,093  20,994  20,531  10,757 
Depreciation and amortization 52,161  49,722  72,793  78,174  26,210 
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) (191) (5,592) (1,393) — 
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of
  real estate assets, net
(17,044) —  —  (94,712) (76,179)
Loss on extinguishment of debt —  —  —  —  10,261 
Merger and integration costs 2,028  275  1,307  1,895  41,787 
(Gain) loss from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
(242) 1,477  1,125  —  — 
Other income, net (57) (765) —  —  — 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 93,017  $ 89,264  $ 83,228  $ 81,375  $ 42,301 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense $ 23,337  $ 22,093  $ 20,994  $ 20,531  $ 10,757 
INTEREST COVERAGE: 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 3.9x


11


Schedule V
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Definitions
Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Average effective rent per unit represents the average of gross rent amounts, divided by the average occupancy (in units) for the period presented. We believe average effective rent is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing. This metric, when presented, reflects the average effective rent per month.
Average Occupancy
Average occupancy represents the average occupied units for the reporting period divided by the average of total units available for rent for the reporting period.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense including amortization of deferred financing costs, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA before certain other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as asset sales, debt extinguishments and acquisition related debt extinguishment expenses, casualty (gains) losses, merger and integration costs, and income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities. We consider each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure of performance because it eliminates interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and other non-cash or non-operating gains and losses, which permits investors to view income from operations without these non-cash or non-operating items. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the methodology used for calculating Adjusted EBITDA by certain other REITs and, accordingly, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other REITs.
Funds From Operations (“FFO”) and Core Funds From Operations (“CFFO”)
We believe that FFO and Core FFO (“CFFO”), each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT and us in particular. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, gains or losses on sales of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with NAREIT’s definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO computations of such other REITs.
CFFO is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate company’s operating performance by removing the effect of items that do not reflect ongoing property operations, including depreciation and amortization of other items not included in FFO, and other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as casualty (gains) losses, abandoned deal costs, loan premium accretion and discount amortization, debt extinguishment costs, and merger and integration costs from the determination of FFO.
Our calculation of CFFO may differ from the methodology used for calculating CFFO by other REITs and, accordingly, our CFFO may not be comparable to CFFO reported by other REITs. Our management utilizes FFO and CFFO as measures of our operating performance, and believe they are also useful to investors, because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash or non-recurring items that are required by GAAP to be expensed but may not necessarily be indicative of current operating performance and our operating performance between periods. Furthermore, although FFO, CFFO and other supplemental performance measures are defined in various ways throughout the REIT industry, we believe that FFO and CFFO may provide us and our investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to certain other REITs. Neither FFO nor CFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and CFFO do not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Accordingly, FFO and CFFO do not measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements.
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Neither FFO nor CFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.
Interest Coverage
Interest coverage is a ratio computed by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by interest expense.
Net Debt
Net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total consolidated debt less cash and cash equivalents and loan premiums and discounts. The following table provides a reconciliation of total consolidated debt to net debt (Dollars in thousands).
We present net debt and net debt to Adjusted EBITDA because management believes it is a useful measure of our credit position and progress toward reducing leverage. The calculation is limited because we may not always be able to use cash to repay debt on a dollar for dollar basis.
As of
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Total debt $ 2,631,645  $ 2,713,625  $ 2,552,936  $ 2,542,088  $ 2,705,336 
Less: cash and cash equivalents (16,084) (23,753) (11,378) (23,971) (35,972)
Less: loan discounts and premiums, net (59,937) (63,340) (66,091) (68,832) (71,586)
Total net debt $ 2,555,624  $ 2,626,532  $ 2,475,467  $ 2,449,285  $ 2,597,778 
Net Operating Income
We believe that Net Operating Income (“NOI”), a non-GAAP financial measure, is a useful measure of our operating performance. We define NOI as total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, casualty related costs and gains, property management expenses, general administrative expenses, interest expense, and net gains on sale of assets.
Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI, and accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our performance on a same-store and non same-store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.
Same-Store Properties and Same-Store Portfolio
We review our same-store portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year. Properties are added into the same-store portfolio if they were owned at the beginning of the previous year. Properties that are held-for-sale or have been sold are excluded from the same-store portfolio. Because our portfolio of properties changed significantly as a result of our STAR Merger, which closed on December 16, 2021, we may also present, as described below, information on the IRT Same-Store Portfolio, STAR Same-Store Portfolio and Combined Same-Store Portfolio.
IRT Same-Store Portfolio
IRT Same-Store Portfolio represents the 48 properties that IRT owned and consolidated as of January 1, 2021 and through December 31, 2022 (other than properties held for sale as of December 31, 2022).
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STAR Same-Store Portfolio
STAR Same-Store Portfolio represents the 64 properties that STAR owned and consolidated as of January 1, 2021 and that, following the consummation of the Merger on December 16, 2021, continued to be owned and consolidated by IRT through December 31, 2022 (other than properties held for sale as of December 31, 2022).
Combined Same-Store Portfolio
Combined Same-Store Portfolio represents the combination of the IRT Same-Store Portfolio and the STAR Same-Store Portfolio considered as a single portfolio of 112 properties which represent 33,527 units.

Combined Non Same-Store Portfolio
Combined Non Same-Store Portfolio represents the combination of five IRT non same-store properties and three STAR non same-store properties considered as a single non same-store portfolio of eight properties which represent 1,999 units acquired after January 1, 2021 (includes one property held for sale as of December 31, 2022).
Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI
In order to reconcile Combined Same-Store Portfolio NOI to net income for periods prior to our December 16, 2021 merger with STAR, our reconciliation excludes NOI generated by the STAR Portfolio because IRT did not own these properties prior to December 16, 2021.
Total Gross Assets
Total Gross Assets equals total assets plus accumulated depreciation and accumulated amortization, including fully depreciated or amortized real estate and real estate related assets. The following table provides a reconciliation of total assets to total gross assets (dollars in thousands).
As of
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Total assets $ 6,532,095  $ 6,633,533  $ 6,386,634  $ 6,387,322  $ 6,506,696 
Plus: accumulated depreciation (a) 426,097  386,606  337,338  291,199  254,123 
Plus: accumulated amortization 76,710  77,141  77,062  52,856  24,829 
Total gross assets $ 7,034,902  $ 7,097,280  $ 6,801,034  $ 6,731,377  $ 6,785,648 
(a)Includes accumulated depreciation associated with real estate held for sale.
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EX-99.2 3 irt-20230215xsupex992.htm EX-99.2 Document

Exhibit 99.2


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NYSE: IRT
WWW.IRTLIVING.COM


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Three and Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
Three and Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
Three and Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
Three Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021


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Independence Realty Trust
December 31, 2022
Company Information: 
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT) is a real estate investment trust that owns and operates multifamily communities, across non-gateway U.S. markets including Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, Columbus, OH, Indianapolis, IN, Raleigh-Durham, NC, Oklahoma City, OK, Nashville, TN, Houston, TX , and Tampa, FL. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT aims to provide stockholders attractive risk-adjusted returns through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and a consistent return on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
Corporate Headquarters 1835 Market Street, Suite 2601
Philadelphia, PA 19103
267.270.4800
Trading Symbol NYSE: “IRT”
Investor Relations Contact Edelman Smithfield
Ted McHugh and Lauren Torres
917-365-7979
IRT@edelman.com 
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Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “will,” “strategy,” “expects,” “seeks,” “believes,” “potential,” or other similar words that predict or indicate future events and trends and that do not report historical matters.
These forward-looking statements involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market including legislation that may regulate rents or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of COVID-19 and other potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve projected rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the initiatives, unknown or unexpected liabilities including the cost of legal proceedings, inability to sell certain assets within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.

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Independence Realty Trust Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2022 Financial Results

Introduces Full Year 2023 Guidance

PHILADELPHIA – (BUSINESS WIRE) – February 15, 2023 — Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (“IRT”) (NYSE: IRT), a multifamily apartment REIT, today announced its fourth quarter and full year 2022 financial results and introduced its full year 2023 guidance.
Fourth Quarter Highlights
•Net income available to common shares of $33.6 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $28.6 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.15 for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $0.23 for the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Combined same-store portfolio net operating income (“NOI”) growth of 13.0% for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Core Funds from Operations (“CFFO”) of $66.8 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $31.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021. CFFO per share was $0.29 for the fourth quarter of 2022, as compared to $0.24 for the fourth quarter of 2021.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $93.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared to $42.3 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021.
•Value add program has completed renovations at 656 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2022, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the quarter of 20.5%.
Full Year Highlights
•Net income available to common shares of $117.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $44.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.53 for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $0.41 for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Combined same-store portfolio NOI growth of 13.7% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021.
•CFFO of $247.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $92.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. CFFO per share was $1.08 for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to $0.84 for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $346.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $128.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
•Value add program has completed renovations at 1,451 units during the year ended December 31, 2022, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the year of 24.1%.
2023 Guidance Highlights
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.25 at the mid-point of our guidance range.
•CFFO per share of $1.14 at the mid-point of our guidance range.
•2023 same store NOI growth of 6.5% at the mid-point of our guidance range.
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Included later in this press release are definitions of NOI, CFFO, Adjusted EBITDA and other Non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of such measures to their most comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Management Commentary
“We are pleased with our accomplishments in 2022, as we integrated the STAR portfolio while successfully operating our business during volatile market conditions,” said Scott Schaeffer, Chairman and CEO of IRT. “We delivered fourth quarter and full year same store NOI growth of 13.0% and 13.7%, respectively and Core FFO per share growth of nearly 30% in 2022. While we expect macroeconomic uncertainty to persist, we remain confident in our portfolio in attractive markets and expect favorable demand trends to support our performance. Looking ahead to 2023, our guidance reflects another year of growth at IRT, as we continue to focus on executing our value add strategy and operating our well-positioned portfolio of middle market communities.”
Combined Same-Store Portfolio(1) Operating Results
Fourth Quarter 2022 Compared to
 Fourth Quarter 2021
Full Year 2022
 Compared to
 Full Year 2021
Rental and other property revenue (2)
9.8% increase
10.7% increase
Property operating expenses
4.6% increase
5.9% increase
Net operating income (“NOI”) (2)
13.0% increase
13.7% increase
Average occupancy
220 bps decrease to 93.8%
130 bps decrease to 94.7%
Average rental rate
12.2% increase to $1,514
12.0% increase to $1,446
NOI Margin
180 bps increase to 64.6%
160 bps increase to 63.1%
(1)Combined same-store portfolio includes 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
(2)Reflects upfront concessions recorded on a straight-line basis. With upfront concessions recorded on a cash basis, the increase in rental and other property revenue would be 9.6% and 10.3%, for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and the increase in NOI would be 12.6% and 13.0% for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, respectively.
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Operating Metrics
The table below summarizes operating metrics for the combined same-store portfolio for the applicable periods.
4Q 2022
1Q 2023 (3)
Combined Same-Store Portfolio (1)
   Average Occupancy 93.8  % 93.2  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth: (2)
        New Leases 6.4  % 4.6  %
        Renewal Leases 7.6  % 4.9  %
        Blended 7.0  % 4.8  %
   Resident retention rate 45.4  % 51.0  %
Combined Same-Store Portfolio excluding Ongoing Value Add
   Average Occupancy 94.6  % 94.0  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth: (2)
        New Leases 5.2  % 3.7  %
        Renewal Leases 6.8  % 4.5  %
        Blended 6.0  % 4.2  %
   Resident retention rate 46.7  % 51.3  %
Value Add (18 properties with Ongoing Value Add)
   Average Occupancy 90.2  % 89.8  %
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth: (2)
        New Leases 11.6  % 7.7  %
        Renewal Leases 11.4  % 7.1  %
        Blended 11.5  % 7.4  %
   Resident retention rate 39.3  % 49.3  %
(1)Combined same-store portfolio for 4Q 2022 includes 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units. Combined same-store portfolio for 1Q 2023 includes 116 properties, which represent 34,571 units.
(2)Lease-over-lease effective rent growth represents the change in effective monthly rent, as adjusted for concessions, for each unit that had a prior lease and current lease that are for a term of 9-13 months.
(3)1Q 2023 average occupancy and resident retention rates are as through February 13, 2023. 1Q 2023 new lease and renewal rates are for leases commencing during 1Q 2023 that were signed as of February 13, 2023.
Value Add Program
We completed renovations on 656 units during the quarter ended December 31, 2022, bringing our total renovations completed during the year ended December 31, 2022 to 1,451 units. For the 1,451 units renovated during the year ended December 31, 2022 we achieved a return on investment of 24.1%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $13,659, and an average rent increase per renovated unit of $270. See the Value Add Summary page of our supplemental for additional information on our projects life to date as of December 31, 2022.
Investment Activity
Held for Sale
As of December 31, 2022, in connection with our ongoing capital recycling program, we had one property in Indianapolis, IN, classified as held for sale. We expect the disposition to close in the first quarter of 2023. The proceeds from the disposition will be used to reduce indebtedness.
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Dispositions
During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, we sold two previously held for sale properties, one in Louisville, KY and one in Terre Haute, IN. The combined sale price was $99.0 million and we recognized a net gain on sale of $17.0 million.
Capital Expenditures
For the quarter ended December 31, 2022, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $4.6 million, or $129 per unit. For the year ended December 31, 2022, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $24.3 million, or $680 per unit.
Dividend Distribution
On December 12, 2022, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.14 per share of our common stock, which was paid on January 20, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 30, 2022.
2023 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance
We are introducing 2023 full year guidance. Earnings per diluted share is projected to be in the range of $0.23 to $0.27. A reconciliation of IRT's projected net income allocable to common shares to its projected CFFO per share is included below. See the schedules and definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding how IRT calculates CFFO and for management’s definition and rationale for the usefulness of CFFO.
2023 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance (1)(2)
Low High
Earnings per share $0.23 $0.27
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization
0.95 0.95
Gain on sale of real estate assets (3)
(0.01) (0.01)
     Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net (0.05) (0.05)
Core FFO per share $1.12 $1.16
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions presented in the table below, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual full year 2023 EPS and CFFO could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below. Our guidance is based on the key guidance assumptions detailed below.
(2)Per share guidance is based on 230.0 million weighted average shares and units outstanding.
(3)Gains on sale of real estate assets includes one property identified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022.
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2023 Guidance Assumptions
Our key guidance assumptions for 2023 are enumerated below. See definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding our same-store definitions.
Combined Same-Store Portfolio
2023 Outlook (1)
Number of properties/units 116 properties / 34,571 units
Property revenue growth 5.7% to 7.0%
Controllable operating expense growth 3.3% to 5.4%
Real estate tax and insurance expense growth 8.1% to 9.1%
Total operating expense growth 5.2% to 6.9%
Property NOI growth 5.0% to 8.0%
Corporate Expenses
   General and administrative & Property management expenses $51.5 million to $53.5 million
   Interest expense (2)
$104.5 million to $106.5 million
Transaction/Investment Volume (3)
Acquisition volume None
Disposition volume $35.0 million to $40.0 million
Capital Expenditures
Recurring $19.0 million to $21.0 million
Value add & non-recurring $78.0 million to $82.0 million
Development $80.0 million to $90.0 million
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual results could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below.
(2)Interest expense includes amortization of deferred financing costs but excludes loan premium accretion, net. As a result of purchase accounting associated with the merger with Steadfast Apartment REIT, Inc. (“STAR”) on December 16, 2021, we recorded a $72.1 million loan premium, net, related to STAR debt. This loan premium will be accreted into and reduce GAAP interest expense over the remaining term of the associated debt. However, loan premium accretion will be excluded from CFFO.
(3)Includes one property identified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022. We continue to evaluate our portfolio for capital recycling opportunities so actual acquisitions and dispositions could vary significantly from our projections. We undertake no duty to update these assumptions. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below.

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Selected Financial Information
See the schedules at the end of this earnings release for selected financial information for IRT.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions
We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this earnings release: FFO, CFFO, NOI and Adjusted EBITDA. Included at the end of this release are definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of our reported net income to our FFO and CFFO, a reconciliation of our same store NOI to our reported net income, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and management’s rationales for the usefulness of each of these and other non-GAAP financial measures used in this release.
Conference Call
All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 9:00 AM ET on Thursday, February 16, 2023 from the investor relations section of the IRT website at www.irtliving.com or by dialing 1.844.200.6205, access code 513491. For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call from the investor relations section of IRT’s website and telephonically until Thursday, February 23, 2022 by dialing 1.866.813.9403, access code 910516.
Supplemental Information
We produce supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures, same store information and other useful information for investors. The supplemental information is available via our website, www.irtliving.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.
About Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT) is a real estate investment trust that owns and operates multifamily communities, across non-gateway U.S. markets including Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, Columbus, OH, Indianapolis, IN, Oklahoma City, OK, Raleigh-Durham, NC, Houston, TX, Nashville, TN, and Tampa, FL. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT aims to provide stockholders attractive risk-adjusted returns through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and a consistent return on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
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Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “will,” “strategy,” “expects,” “seeks,” “believes,” “potential,” or other similar words that predict or indicate future events and trends and that do not report historical matters.
These forward-looking statements involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market including legislation that may regulate rents or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of COVID-19 and other potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve projected rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the initiatives, unknown or unexpected liabilities including the cost of legal proceedings, inability to sell certain assets within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.
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FINANCIAL & OPERATING HIGHLIGHTS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Selected Financial Information:
Operating Statistics:
Net income (loss) available to common shares $ 33,631  $ 16,223  $ (7,205) $ 74,600  $ 28,615 
Earnings (loss) per share -- diluted $ 0.15  $ 0.07  $ (0.03) $ 0.34  $ 0.23 
Rental and other property revenue $ 162,493  $ 160,300  $ 154,643  $ 149,977  $ 76,803 
Property operating expenses $ 57,450  $ 59,967  $ 58,976  $ 55,883  $ 26,952 
NOI $ 105,043  $ 100,333  $ 95,667  $ 94,094  $ 49,851 
NOI margin 64.6  % 62.6  % 61.9  % 62.7  % 64.9  %
Adjusted EBITDA $ 93,017  $ 89,264  $ 83,228  $ 81,375  $ 42,301 
CORE FFO per share $ 0.29  $ 0.28  $ 0.26  $ 0.25  $ 0.24 
Dividends per share $ 0.14  $ 0.14  $ 0.14  $ 0.12  $ 0.12 
CORE FFO payout ratio 48.3  % 50.0  % 53.8  % 48.0  % 50.0  %
Portfolio Data:
Total gross assets $ 7,034,902  $ 7,097,280  $ 6,801,034  $ 6,731,377  $ 6,785,648 
Total number of operating properties 120  122  120  119  123 
Total units 35,526  36,176  35,594  35,498  36,831 
Period end occupancy 93.6  % 94.6  % 95.7  % 95.4  % 95.6  %
Total portfolio average occupancy 93.9  % 94.2  % 95.5  % 95.2  % 96.0  %
Total portfolio average effective monthly rent, per
  unit
$ 1,522  $ 1,484  $ 1,414  $ 1,374  $ 1,329 
Combined same-store portfolio period end
  occupancy (a)
93.5  % 94.5  % 95.4  % 95.6  % 95.7  %
Combined same-store portfolio average occupancy
  (a)
93.8  % 94.2  % 95.6  % 95.3  % 96.0  %
Combined same-store portfolio average effective
  monthly rent, per unit (a)
$ 1,514  $ 1,481  $ 1,414  $ 1,375  $ 1,349 
Capitalization:
Total debt (b) $ 2,631,645  $ 2,713,625  $ 2,552,936  $ 2,542,088  $ 2,705,336 
Common share price, period end $ 16.86  $ 16.73  $ 20.73  $ 26.44  $ 25.83 
Market equity capitalization $ 3,880,432  $ 3,850,365  $ 4,729,580  $ 6,031,873  $ 5,882,410 
Total market capitalization $ 6,512,077  $ 6,563,990  $ 7,282,516  $ 8,573,961  $ 8,587,746 
Total debt/total gross assets 37.4  % 38.2  % 37.5  % 37.8  % 39.9  %
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (c) 6.9x 7.2x 7.4x 7.6x 7.7x
Interest coverage 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 3.9x
Common shares and OP Units:
Shares outstanding 224,064,940  224,056,179  222,060,280  221,163,391  220,753,735 
OP units outstanding 6,091,171  6,091,171  6,091,171  6,970,993  6,981,841 
Common shares and OP units outstanding 230,156,111  230,147,350  228,151,451  228,134,384  227,735,577 
Weighted average common shares and OP units 229,994,927  228,051,780  227,964,753  227,778,484  127,046,225 
(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
(b)Includes indebtedness associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
(c)Reflects net debt to Adjusted EBITDA for each period presented, including adjustments for the timing of acquisitions and dispositions, impacting quarterly EBITDA. For the five quarters ended December 31, 2022, net debt to Adjusted EBITDA excluding adjustments for timing of acquisitions and dispositions was 6.9x, 7.4x, 7.4x, 7.5x, and 15.4x, respectively.
12

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BALANCE SHEETS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
As of
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Assets:
Real estate held for investment, at cost $ 6,615,243  $ 6,634,087  $ 6,428,482  $ 6,382,324  $ 6,462,355 
Less: accumulated depreciation (425,034) (379,171) (329,903) (283,666) (243,475)
Real estate held for investment, net 6,190,209  6,254,916  6,098,579  6,098,658  6,218,880 
Real estate held for sale 35,777  82,178  81,818  80,992  61,560 
Real estate under development 105,518  86,763  61,777  48,959  41,777 
Cash and cash equivalents 16,084  23,753  11,378  23,971  35,972 
Restricted cash 27,933  35,829  31,017  26,789  29,699 
Investment in unconsolidated real estate entities 80,220  70,608  54,178  43,541  24,999 
Other assets 34,846  34,480  26,707  27,281  38,052 
Derivative assets 41,109  43,967  21,162  12,944  2,488 
Intangible assets, net 399  1,039  18  24,187  53,269 
Total assets $ 6,532,095  $ 6,633,533  $ 6,386,634  $ 6,387,322  $ 6,506,696 
Liabilities and Equity:
Indebtedness, net $ 2,631,645  $ 2,667,183  $ 2,506,375  $ 2,495,410  $ 2,705,336 
Indebtedness associated with real estate held
  for sale, net
—  46,442  46,561  46,678  — 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 109,677  126,310  98,173  81,498  106,332 
Accrued interest payable 7,713  11,019  6,891  6,955  7,175 
Dividends payable 32,189  32,188  31,907  27,345  16,792 
Derivative liabilities —  —  —  128  11,896 
Other liabilities 13,004  13,816  15,077  15,921  17,089 
Total liabilities 2,794,228  2,896,958  2,704,984  2,673,935  2,864,620 
Equity:
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred shares, $0.01 par value per share —  —  —  —  — 
Common shares, $0.01 par value per share 2,241  2,241  2,221  2,212  2,208 
Additional paid in capital 3,751,056  3,749,550  3,698,763  3,678,478  3,678,903 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 35,102  37,569  18,430  9,958  (11,940)
Retained earnings (deficit) (191,735) (194,014) (178,902) (140,643) (188,410)
Total shareholders' equity 3,596,664  3,595,346  3,540,512  3,550,005  3,480,761 
Noncontrolling Interests 141,203  141,229  141,138  163,382  161,315 
Total equity 3,737,867  3,736,575  3,681,650  3,713,387  3,642,076 
Total liabilities and equity $ 6,532,095  $ 6,633,533  $ 6,386,634  $ 6,387,322  $ 6,506,696 




13

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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS, FFO & CORE FFO
TRAILING FIVE QUARTERS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue $ 162,493  $ 160,300  $ 154,643  $ 149,977  $ 76,803 
Other revenue 306 300 120 385 113
Total revenue 162,799 160,600 154,763 150,362 76,916
Expenses:
Property operating expenses 57,450 59,967 58,976 55,883 26,952
Property management expenses 6,593 5,744 6,139 5,556 3,221
General and administrative expenses (a) 5,739 5,625 6,968 7,928 4,442
Depreciation and amortization expense 52,161 49,722 72,793 78,174 26,210
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) (191) (5,592) (1,393)
Total expenses 120,253 120,867 139,284 146,148 60,825
Interest expense (23,337) (22,093) (20,994) (20,531) (10,757)
Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of real estate
  assets, net
17,044 94,712 76,179
Loss on extinguishment of debt (10,261)
Other income, net 57 765 294 443
Gain (loss) from investments in unconsolidated
  real estate entities
242 (1,477) (871) (63)
Merger and integration costs (2,028) (275) (1,307) (1,895) (41,787)
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 16,653  $ (7,399) $ 76,880  $ 29,465 
(Income) loss allocated to noncontrolling interests (893) (430) 194 (2,280) (850)
Net income (loss) available to common shares $ 33,631  $ 16,223  $ (7,205) $ 74,600  $ 28,615 
EPS - basic $ 0.15  $ 0.07  $ (0.03) $ 0.34  $ 0.23 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic 223,903,756 221,960,609 221,164,284 220,798,692 125,375,694
EPS - diluted $ 0.15  $ 0.07  $ (0.03) $ 0.34  $ 0.23 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted 224,915,128 222,867,546 221,164,284 222,045,286 126,675,551
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 16,653  $ (7,399) $ 76,880  $ 29,465 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization 51,957 49,347 72,298 77,943 26,068
Real estate depreciation and amortization from
  investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
416 1,388 515
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of real estate
  assets, net, excluding prepayment (gains) losses
(16,635) (94,712) (78,490)
FFO $ 70,262  $ 67,388  $ 65,414  $ 60,111  $ (22,957)
FFO per share $ 0.31  $ 0.30  $ 0.29  $ 0.26  $ (0.18)
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO $ 70,262  $ 67,388  $ 65,414  $ 60,111  $ (22,957)
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization 204 375 495 231 142
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) (191) (5,592) (1,393)
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization,
  net
(2,760) (2,750) (2,741) (2,754) (501)
Prepayment (gains) losses on asset dispositions (409) 2,312
Loss on extinguishment of debt 10,261
Other income, net (860) (765) (294) (380)
Merger and integration costs 2,028 275 1,307 1,895 41,787
CFFO $ 66,775  $ 64,332  $ 58,589  $ 57,710  $ 31,044 
CFFO per share $ 0.29  $ 0.28  $ 0.26  $ 0.25  $ 0.24 
Weighted-average shares and units
  outstanding
229,994,927 228,051,780 227,966,261 227,778,484 127,046,225
(a)Included in the three months ended March 31, 2022 is $2.4 million of stock compensation expense recorded with respect to stock awards granted to retirement eligible employees.
14

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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS, FFO & CORE FFO
THREE AND TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
Dollars in thousands, except per share data

For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue $ 162,493  $ 76,803  $ 627,414  $ 249,492 
Other revenue 306 113 1,111  760 
Total revenue 162,799 76,916 628,525  250,252 
Expenses:
Property operating expenses 57,450 26,952 232,275  93,252 
Property management expenses 6,593 3,221 24,033  9,539 
General and administrative expenses 5,739 4,442 26,260  18,610 
Depreciation and amortization expense 52,161 26,210 252,849  76,909 
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) (8,866) 359 
Total expenses 120,253 60,825 526,551  198,669 
Interest expense (23,337) (10,757) (86,955) (36,401)
Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of real estate
  assets, net
17,044 76,179 111,756  87,671 
Loss on extinguishment of debt (10,261) —  (10,261)
Other income, net 57 1,558  — 
Gain (loss) from investments in unconsolidated
  real estate entities
242 (2,169) — 
Merger and integration costs (2,028) (41,787) (5,505) (47,063)
Net income (loss) 34,524  29,465  120,659  45,529 
(Income) loss allocated to noncontrolling interests (893) (850) (3,410) (940)
Net income (loss) available to common shares $ 33,631  $ 28,615  $ 117,249  $ 44,589 
EPS - basic $ 0.15  $ 0.23  $ 0.53  $ 0.41 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic 223,903,756 125,375,694 221,965,460 108,552,185
EPS - diluted $ 0.15  $ 0.23  $ 0.53  $ 0.41 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted 224,915,128 126,675,551 223,012,828 109,831,520
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 29,465  $ 120,659  $ 45,529 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization 51,957 26,068 251,545  76,487 
Real estate depreciation and amortization from
  investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
416 2,320  — 
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of real estate
  assets, net, excluding prepayment (gains) losses
(16,635) (78,490) (111,347) (90,277)
FFO $ 70,262  $ (22,957) $ 263,177  $ 31,739 
FFO per share $ 0.31  $ (0.18) $ 1.15  $ 0.29 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO $ 70,262  $ (22,957) $ 263,177  $ 31,739 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization 204 142 1,304  423 
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) (8,866) 359 
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization,
  net
(2,760) (501) (11,005) (501)
Prepayment (gains) losses on asset dispositions (409) 2,312 (409) 2,607 
Loss on extinguishment of debt 10,261 —  10,261 
Other income, net (860) (2,298) — 
Merger and integration costs 2,028 41,787 5,505  47,063 
CFFO $ 66,775  $ 31,044  $ 247,408  $ 91,951 
CFFO per share $ 0.29  $ 0.24  $ 1.08  $ 0.84 
Weighted-average shares and units
  outstanding
229,994,927 127,046,225 228,452,958 109,418,810
15

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ADJUSTED EBITDA RECONCILIATION AND COVERAGE RATIO
Dollars in thousands
 Three Months Ended
ADJUSTED EBITDA: Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 16,653  $ (7,399) $ 76,880  $ 29,465 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense 23,337  22,093  20,994  20,531  10,757 
Depreciation and amortization 52,161  49,722  72,793  78,174  26,210 
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) (191) (5,592) (1,393) — 
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of
  real estate assets, net
(17,044) —  —  (94,712) (76,179)
Loss on extinguishment of debt —  —  —  —  10,261 
Merger and integration costs 2,028  275  1,307  1,895  41,787 
(Gain) loss from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
(242) 1,477  1,125  —  — 
Other income, net (57) (765) —  —  — 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 93,017  $ 89,264  $ 83,228  $ 81,375  $ 42,301 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense $ 23,337  $ 22,093  $ 20,994  $ 20,531  $ 10,757 
INTEREST COVERAGE: 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 3.9x

For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
ADJUSTED EBITDA: 2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 29,465  $ 120,659  $ 45,529 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense 23,337  10,757  86,955  36,401 
Depreciation and amortization 52,161  26,210  252,849  76,909 
Casualty losses (gains), net (1,690) —  (8,866) 359 
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of
  real estate assets, net
(17,044) (76,179) (111,756) (87,671)
Loss on extinguishment of debt —  10,261  —  10,261 
Merger and integration costs 2,028  41,787  5,505  47,063 
(Gain) loss from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
(242) —  2,360  — 
Other income, net (57) —  (822) — 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 93,017  $ 42,301  $ 346,884  $ 128,851 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense $ 23,337  $ 10,757  $ 86,955  $ 36,401 
INTEREST COVERAGE: 4.0x 3.9x 4.0x 3.5x
16

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COMBINED SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO(a) NET OPERATING INCOME
TRAILING FIVE QUARTERS
Dollars in thousands, except per unit data
For the Three-Months Ended
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue $ 151,392  $ 150,011  $ 145,611  $ 140,763  $ 137,827 
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes 18,810  18,299  19,231  18,648  16,408 
Property insurance 3,268  3,487  2,972  2,761  3,006 
Personnel expenses (b) 11,814  11,810  12,135  11,924  12,131 
Utilities 7,711  7,914  7,014  7,245  7,017 
Repairs and maintenance 3,913  5,963  5,973  4,147  5,205 
Contract services 4,967  5,260  5,077  4,686  4,730 
Advertising expenses 1,164  1,447  1,212  1,169  1,314 
Other expenses 1,971  1,790  1,734  1,545  1,472 
Total property operating expenses 53,618  55,970  55,348  52,125  51,283 
Combined same-store portfolio NOI $ 97,774  $ 94,041  $ 90,263  $ 88,638  $ 86,544 
Combined same-store portfolio NOI
  margin
64.6  % 62.7  % 62.0  % 63.0  % 62.8  %
Average occupancy 93.8  % 94.2  % 95.6  % 95.3  % 96.0  %
Average effective monthly rent, per unit $ 1,514  $ 1,481  $ 1,414  $ 1,375  $ 1,349 
Reconciliation of combined same-store portfolio NOI to net income (loss):
Combined same-store portfolio NOI $ 97,774  $ 94,041  $ 90,263  $ 88,638  $ 86,544 
Combined non same-store portfolio NOI 7,269  6,292  5,404  5,456  8,393 
Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI —  —  —  —  (45,086)
Other revenue 306  300  120  385  113 
Property management expenses (6,593) (5,744) (6,139) (5,556) (3,221)
General and administrative expenses (5,739) (5,625) (6,968) (7,928) (4,442)
Depreciation and amortization expense (52,161) (49,722) (72,793) (78,174) (26,210)
Casualty (losses) gains, net 1,690  191  5,592  1,393  — 
Interest expense (23,337) (22,093) (20,994) (20,531) (10,757)
Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of
  real estate assets, net
17,044  —  —  94,712  76,179 
Loss on extinguishment of debt —  —  —  —  (10,261)
Other income, net 57  765  294  443  — 
Gain (loss) from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
242  (1,477) (871) (63) — 
Merger and integration costs (2,028) (275) (1,307) (1,895) (41,787)
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 16,653  $ (7,399) $ 76,880  $ 29,465 
(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
(b)Included in the quarter ended September 30, 2022 is a refund of previously paid employer payroll taxes of $0.7 million from a portion of an employee retention credit received.
17

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COMBINED SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO(a) NET OPERATING INCOME
THREE AND TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
Dollars in thousands, except per unit data
For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2022 2021 % change 2022 2021 % change
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue $ 151,392  $ 137,827  9.8  % $ 587,777  $ 531,097  10.7  %
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes 18,810  16,408  14.6  % 74,988  69,299  8.2  %
Property insurance 3,268  3,006  8.7  % 12,488  11,485  8.7  %
Personnel expenses (b) 11,814  12,131  (2.6) % 47,683  47,062  1.3  %
Utilities 7,711  7,017  9.9  % 29,884  28,000  6.7  %
Repairs and maintenance 3,913  5,205  (24.8) % 19,996  19,255  3.8  %
Contract services 4,967  4,730  5.0  % 19,990  18,601  7.5  %
Advertising expenses 1,164  1,314  (11.4) % 4,992  5,183  (3.7) %
Other expenses 1,971  1,472  33.9  % 7,040  6,026  16.8  %
Total property operating expenses 53,618  51,283  4.6  % 217,061  204,911  5.9  %
Combined same-store portfolio NOI $ 97,774  $ 86,544  13.0  % $ 370,716  $ 326,186  13.7  %
Combined same-store portfolio NOI
  margin
64.6  % 62.8  % 1.8  % 63.1  % 61.4  % 1.7  %
Average occupancy 93.8  % 96.0  % (2.2) % 94.7  % 96.0  % (1.3) %
Average effective monthly rent, per unit $ 1,514  $ 1,349  12.2  % $ 1,446  $ 1,291  12.0  %
Reconciliation of combined same-store portfolio NOI to net income (loss):
Combined same-store portfolio NOI $ 97,774  $ 86,544  $ 370,716  $ 326,186 
Combined non same-store portfolio NOI 7,269  8,393  24,423  26,666 
Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI —  (45,086) —  (196,612)
Other revenue 306  113  1,111  760 
Property management expenses (6,593) (3,221) (24,033) (9,539)
General and administrative expenses (5,739) (4,442) (26,260) (18,610)
Depreciation and amortization expense (52,161) (26,210) (252,849) (76,909)
Casualty (losses) gains, net 1,690  —  8,866  (359)
Interest expense (23,337) (10,757) (86,955) (36,401)
Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of
  real estate assets, net
17,044  76,179  111,756  87,671 
Loss on extinguishment of debt —  (10,261) —  (10,261)
Other income, net 57  —  1,558  — 
Gain (loss) from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
242  —  (2,169) — 
Merger and integration costs (2,028) (41,787) (5,505) (47,063)
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 29,465  $ 120,659  $ 45,529 
(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
(b)Included in the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 is a refund of previously paid employer payroll taxes of $0.7 million from a portion of an employee retention credit received.
18

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NET OPERATING INCOME BRIDGE
TRAILING FIVE QUARTERS
Dollars in thousands
For the Three Months Ended
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Rental and other property revenue
Combined same-store portfolio (a) $ 151,392  $ 150,011  $ 145,611  $ 140,763  $ 137,827 
Combined non same-store portfolio 11,101  10,289  9,032  9,214  13,431 
Total rental and other property revenue 162,493  160,300  154,643  149,977  151,258 
Property operating expenses
Combined same-store portfolio (a) 53,618  55,970  55,348  52,125  51,283 
Combined non same-store portfolio 3,832  3,997  3,628  3,758  5,038 
Total property operating expenses 57,450  59,967  58,976  55,883  56,321 
NOI
Combined same-store portfolio (a) 97,774  94,041  90,263  88,638  86,544 
Combined non same-store portfolio 7,269  6,292  5,404  5,456  8,393 
Total property NOI $ 105,043  $ 100,333  $ 95,667  $ 94,094  $ 94,937 
Reconciliation of NOI to net income (loss)
Total property NOI $ 105,043  $ 100,333  $ 95,667  $ 94,094  $ 94,937 
      Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI —  —  —  —  (45,086)
      Other revenue 306  300  120  385  113 
      Property management expenses (6,593) (5,744) (6,139) (5,556) (3,221)
      General and administrative expenses (5,739) (5,625) (6,968) (7,928) (4,442)
      Depreciation and amortization expense (52,161) (49,722) (72,793) (78,174) (26,210)
      Casualty (losses) gains, net 1,690  191  5,592  1,393  — 
      Interest expense (23,337) (22,093) (20,994) (20,531) (10,757)
      Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of
        real estate assets, net
17,044  —  —  94,712  76,179 
      Loss on extinguishment of debt —  —  —  —  (10,261)
      Other income, net 57  765  294  443  — 
      Gain (loss) from unconsolidated
        real estate entities
242  (1,477) (871) (63) — 
      Merger and integration costs (2,028) (275) (1,307) (1,895) (41,787)
Net income (loss) $ 34,524  $ 16,653  $ (7,399) $ 76,880  $ 29,465 
(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.

19

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COMBINED SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME BY MARKET
THREE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
Rental and Other Property Revenue Property Operating Expenses Net Operating Income Average Occupancy Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Market Number of Properties Units 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change
Atlanta, GA 13 5,180 $ 23,610  $ 21,875  7.9  % $ 8,460  $ 7,484  13.0  % $ 15,146  $ 14,391  5.3  % 92.6  % 96.0  % (3.4) % $ 1,615  $ 1,420  13.7  %
Dallas, TX 13 3,685 19,564  17,696  10.6  % 7,946  7,446  6.7  % 11,618  10,251  13.3  % 94.2  % 97.0  % (2.8) % 1,761  1,569  12.2  %
Denver, CO 9 2,292 11,884  10,586  12.3  % 3,755  3,908  (3.9) % 8,129  6,678  21.7  % 94.3  % 94.9  % (0.6) % 1,685  1,539  9.4  %
Columbus, OH 10 2,510 10,391  9,361  11.0  % 3,503  3,402  3.0  % 6,888  5,959  15.6  % 95.3  % 96.2  % (0.9) % 1,348  1,219  10.6  %
Raleigh - Durham, NC 6 1,690 7,622  6,690  13.9  % 2,346  2,160  8.6  % 5,275  4,530  16.4  % 94.8  % 95.4  % (0.6) % 1,519  1,300  16.9  %
Oklahoma City, OK 8 2,147 7,497  7,050  6.3  % 2,423  2,571  (5.8) % 5,075  4,479  13.3  % 92.2  % 96.3  % (4.1) % 1,152  1,038  11.0  %
Indianapolis, IN 7 1,979 7,953  7,179  10.8  % 2,915  2,793  4.4  % 5,038  4,386  14.9  % 93.6  % 96.2  % (2.6) % 1,317  1,180  11.7  %
Houston, TX 7 1,932 8,337  7,705  8.2  % 3,539  3,786  (6.5) % 4,798  3,920  22.4  % 94.0  % 96.7  % (2.7) % 1,423  1,315  8.2  %
Memphis, TN 4 1,383 6,186  5,517  12.1  % 1,884  1,748  7.8  % 4,302  3,769  14.1  % 93.3  % 94.5  % (1.2) % 1,521  1,343  13.3  %
Nashville, TN 3 1,236 5,710  5,379  6.2  % 1,815  1,579  15.0  % 3,895  3,800  2.5  % 90.4  % 96.9  % (6.5) % 1,593  1,409  13.1  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 4 1,104 5,735  4,897  17.1  % 2,008  1,880  6.8  % 3,727  3,017  23.5  % 95.7  % 95.6  % 0.1  % 1,763  1,470  20.0  %
Lexington, KY 3 886 3,663  3,294  11.2  % 966  1,093  (11.6) % 2,697  2,201  22.5  % 96.6  % 96.4  % 0.2  % 1,270  1,154  10.1  %
Louisville, KY 4 1,150 4,381  4,127  6.2  % 1,779  1,725  3.2  % 2,602  2,402  8.3  % 93.7  % 95.9  % (2.2) % 1,257  1,140  10.2  %
Birmingham, AL 2 1,074 4,654  4,337  7.3  % 2,136  1,722  24.0  % 2,518  2,615  (3.7) % 90.3  % 94.4  % (4.1) % 1,473  1,359  8.4  %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC 3 628 2,658  2,245  18.4  % 666  596  11.8  % 1,992  1,649  20.8  % 95.2  % 97.2  % (2.0) % 1,400  1,162  20.5  %
Huntsville, AL 2 599 2,684  2,544  5.5  % 810  643  26.0  % 1,875  1,901  (1.4) % 95.0  % 97.4  % (2.4) % 1,486  1,369  8.5  %
Cincinnati, OH 2 542 2,570  2,347  9.5  % 843  938  (10.2) % 1,727  1,409  22.6  % 94.1  % 97.0  % (2.9) % 1,544  1,382  11.7  %
Charleston, SC 2 518 2,447  2,286  7.0  % 833  1,008  (17.4) % 1,614  1,278  26.3  % 95.3  % 95.7  % (0.4) % 1,585  1,391  13.9  %
Greenville, SC 1 702 2,430  2,263  7.4  % 889  843  5.5  % 1,541  1,419  8.6  % 95.0  % 95.6  % (0.6) % 1,234  1,103  11.9  %
Chicago, IL 1 374 1,978  1,872  5.7  % 736  747  (1.5) % 1,242  1,125  10.4  % 94.4  % 94.4  % —  % 1,746  1,638  6.6  %
Charlotte, NC 1 208 1,268  1,078  17.6  % 336  330  1.7  % 933  748  24.7  % 96.3  % 97.9  % (1.6) % 1,916  1,605  19.3  %
Orlando, FL 1 297 1,538  1,392  10.5  % 616  506  21.7  % 922  886  4.0  % 94.6  % 96.7  % (2.1) % 1,770  1,523  16.2  %
San Antonio, TX 1 306 1,466  1,375  6.6  % 624  655  (4.8) % 842  720  16.9  % 97.6  % 96.9  % 0.7  % 1,506  1,415  6.4  %
Asheville, NC 1 252 1,097  966  13.6  % 295  267  10.6  % 802  699  14.7  % 96.8  % 98.5  % (1.7) % 1,475  1,240  18.9  %
Fort Wayne, IN 1 222 1,011  870  16.2  % 313  289  8.6  % 698  581  20.1  % 94.6  % 95.9  % (1.3) % 1,417  1,272  11.3  %
Austin, TX 1 256 1,258  1,199  4.9  % 563  585  (3.9) % 696  613  13.5  % 87.3  % 95.7  % (8.4) % 1,741  1,541  12.9  %
Norfolk, VA 1 183 1,004  920  9.1  % 320  301  6.1  % 684  619  10.5  % 96.1  % 97.3  % (1.2) % 1,870  1,706  9.6  %
Chattanooga, TN 1 192 796  777  2.4  % 299  278  7.7  % 498  499  (0.3) % 94.0  % 97.5  % (3.5) % 1,398  1,290  8.4  %
Total / Weighted Average 112 33,527 $ 151,392  $ 137,827  9.8  % $ 53,618  $ 51,283  4.6  % $ 97,774  $ 86,544  13.0  % 93.8  % 96.0  % (2.2) % $ 1,514  $ 1,349  12.2  %
20

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COMBINED SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME BY MARKET
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
Rental and Other Property Revenue Property Operating Expenses Net Operating Income Average Occupancy Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Market Number of Properties Units 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change 2022 2021 % Change
Atlanta, GA 13 5,180 $ 92,760  $ 84,286  10.1  % $ 33,960  $ 29,813  13.9  % $ 58,799  $ 54,470  7.9  % 93.8  % 96.4  % (2.6) % $ 1,540  $ 1,351  14.0  %
Dallas, TX 13 3,685 75,272  67,910  10.8  % 32,020  30,464  5.1  % 43,251  37,447  15.5  % 95.2  % 96.4  % (1.2) % 1,678  1,509  11.2  %
Denver, CO 9 2,292 45,612  41,156  10.8  % 14,321  14,310  0.1  % 31,291  26,847  16.6  % 95.1  % 95.4  % (0.3) % 1,622  1,483  9.3  %
Columbus, OH 10 2,510 39,759  35,812  11.0  % 14,778  14,008  5.5  % 24,981  21,804  14.6  % 95.1  % 95.6  % (0.5) % 1,292  1,172  10.2  %
Oklahoma City, OK 8 2,147 29,564  26,983  9.6  % 10,046  10,065  (0.2) % 19,519  16,919  15.4  % 94.7  % 96.4  % (1.7) % 1,103  990  11.5  %
Raleigh - Durham, NC 6 1,690 29,033  26,140  11.1  % 9,617  8,689  10.7  % 19,416  17,451  11.3  % 95.1  % 95.7  % (0.6) % 1,417  1,245  13.8  %
Indianapolis, IN 7 1,979 30,604  27,555  11.1  % 11,764  10,966  7.3  % 18,841  16,589  13.6  % 94.7  % 96.6  % (1.9) % 1,257  1,119  12.3  %
Houston, TX 7 1,932 32,391  30,434  6.4  % 14,963  14,836  0.9  % 17,428  15,598  11.7  % 94.4  % 96.5  % (2.1) % 1,386  1,289  7.6  %
Memphis, TN 4 1,383 23,832  21,437  11.2  % 7,903  7,300  8.3  % 15,929  14,137  12.7  % 93.4  % 95.9  % (2.5) % 1,461  1,271  15.0  %
Nashville, TN 3 1,236 22,625  20,612  9.8  % 7,586  7,414  2.3  % 15,039  13,198  13.9  % 94.2  % 96.4  % (2.2) % 1,513  1,346  12.5  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 4 1,104 21,928  18,520  18.4  % 8,127  7,339  10.7  % 13,801  11,181  23.4  % 94.7  % 95.0  % (0.3) % 1,657  1,386  19.5  %
Birmingham, AL 2 1,074 18,565  17,172  8.1  % 7,404  6,545  13.1  % 11,161  10,628  5.0  % 93.3  % 94.8  % (1.5) % 1,425  1,312  8.7  %
Louisville, KY 4 1,150 17,406  15,816  10.1  % 7,259  6,926  4.8  % 10,148  8,889  14.2  % 94.2  % 93.9  % 0.3  % 1,202  1,096  9.7  %
Lexington, KY 3 886 14,044  12,437  12.9  % 4,409  4,413  (0.1) % 9,635  8,024  20.1  % 96.4  % 96.7  % (0.3) % 1,218  1,085  12.3  %
Huntsville, AL 2 599 10,531  9,916  6.2  % 3,113  2,577  20.8  % 7,418  7,339  1.1  % 95.5  % 97.6  % (2.1) % 1,440  1,322  8.9  %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC 3 628 10,001  8,609  16.2  % 2,925  2,693  8.6  % 7,077  5,916  19.6  % 95.5  % 95.8  % (0.3) % 1,303  1,112  17.1  %
Cincinnati, OH 2 542 10,138  8,779  15.5  % 3,287  3,445  (4.6) % 6,851  5,333  28.5  % 96.0  % 96.3  % (0.3) % 1,473  1,313  12.2  %
Greenville, SC 1 702 9,706  8,836  9.8  % 3,582  3,559  0.7  % 6,123  5,277  16.0  % 95.0  % 94.7  % 0.3  % 1,185  1,059  11.8  %
Charleston, SC 2 518 9,627  8,872  8.5  % 3,648  3,901  (6.5) % 5,979  4,972  20.3  % 95.6  % 95.8  % (0.2) % 1,510  1,351  11.8  %
Chicago, IL 1 374 7,751  7,072  9.6  % 2,893  2,827  2.3  % 4,858  4,245  14.4  % 95.0  % 95.0  % —  % 1,699  1,573  8.0  %
Orlando, FL 1 297 5,792  5,392  7.4  % 2,376  2,151  10.5  % 3,416  3,241  5.4  % 94.5  % 96.6  % (2.1) % 1,655  1,473  12.4  %
San Antonio, TX 1 306 5,800  5,103  13.7  % 2,439  2,496  (2.3) % 3,361  2,607  28.9  % 96.7  % 95.4  % 1.3  % 1,481  1,340  10.5  %
Charlotte, NC 1 208 4,736  4,160  13.9  % 1,422  1,320  7.7  % 3,314  2,840  16.7  % 96.0  % 96.3  % (0.3) % 1,771  1,548  14.4  %
Asheville, NC 1 252 4,181  3,704  12.9  % 1,178  1,111  6.0  % 3,003  2,593  15.8  % 96.7  % 98.1  % (1.4) % 1,373  1,188  15.6  %
Austin, TX 1 256 5,108  4,525  12.9  % 2,303  2,213  4.1  % 2,805  2,312  21.3  % 93.5  % 94.2  % (0.7) % 1,648  1,465  12.5  %
Norfolk, VA 1 183 3,898  3,623  7.6  % 1,237  1,176  5.2  % 2,660  2,447  8.7  % 95.6  % 97.7  % (2.1) % 1,804  1,610  12.1  %
Fort Wayne, IN 1 222 3,834  3,315  15.7  % 1,241  1,090  13.8  % 2,593  2,225  16.6  % 95.2  % 97.0  % (1.8) % 1,367  1,208  13.2  %
Chattanooga, TN 1 192 3,279  2,921  12.3  % 1,260  1,264  (0.3) % 2,019  1,657  21.9  % 96.0  % 97.7  % (1.7) % 1,375  1,204  14.2  %
Total / Weighted Average 112 33,527 $ 587,777  $ 531,097  10.7  % $ 217,061  $ 204,911  5.9  % $ 370,716  $ 326,186  13.7  % 94.7  % 96.0  % (1.3) % $ 1,446  $ 1,291  12.0  %
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TOTAL PORTFOLIO NOI EXPOSURE BY MARKET
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2022
Market Number of Properties Units Gross Real 
Estate 
Assets
Period End
 Occupancy
Average 
Effective
 Monthly Rent 
per Unit
NOI % of NOI
Atlanta, GA 13 5,180 $ 1,061,732  92.5  % $ 1,615  $ 15,146  14.5  %
Dallas, TX 14 4,007 849,346  93.7  % 1,770  12,766  12.2  %
Denver, CO (a) 9 2,292 605,320  94.1  % 1,685  8,129  7.8  %
Columbus, OH 10 2,510 367,204  95.0  % 1,348  6,888  6.6  %
Indianapolis, IN (b) 8 2,256 326,078  93.1  % 1,310  5,583  5.3  %
Raleigh - Durham, NC 6 1,690 255,291  94.4  % 1,519  5,275  5.0  %
Oklahoma City, OK 8 2,147 318,568  92.7  % 1,152  5,075  4.9  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 5 1,452 290,799  95.2  % 1,780  4,967  4.8  %
Nashville, TN 5 1,508 365,469  90.0  % 1,605  4,908  4.7  %
Houston, TX 7 1,932 322,075  94.5  % 1,423  4,798  4.6  %
Memphis, TN 4 1,383 159,297  94.3  % 1,521  4,302  4.1  %
Charlotte, NC 3 714 189,216  95.8  % 1,753  2,803  2.7  %
Huntsville, AL 3 873 189,691  93.8  % 1,515  2,749  2.6  %
Lexington, KY 3 886 159,840  94.9  % 1,270  2,697  2.6  %
Louisville, KY 4 1,150 148,564  93.2  % 1,257  2,602  2.5  %
Birmingham, AL 2 1,074 231,912  90.1  % 1,473  2,518  2.4  %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC 3 628 67,766  95.4  % 1,400  1,992  1.9  %
Cincinnati, OH 2 542 122,104  93.7  % 1,544  1,727  1.7  %
Charleston, SC 2 518 81,208  95.0  % 1,585  1,614  1.5  %
Greenville, SC 1 702 123,165  95.0  % 1,234  1,541  1.5  %
Chicago, IL 1 374 90,127  95.2  % 1,746  1,242  1.2  %
Orlando, FL 1 297 50,140  95.9  % 1,770  922  0.9  %
San Antonio, TX 1 306 57,041  97.1  % 1,506  842  0.8  %
Asheville, NC 1 252 29,210  96.8  % 1,475  802  0.8  %
Fort Wayne, IN 1 222 44,140  93.2  % 1,417  698  0.7  %
Austin, TX 1 256 55,782  87.1  % 1,741  696  0.7  %
Norfolk, VA 1 183 54,057  94.5  % 1,870  684  0.7  %
Chattanooga, TN 1 192 36,942  94.8  % 1,398  498  0.5  %
Total / Weighted Average 120 35,526 $ 6,652,084  93.6  % $ 1,522  $ 104,464  100.0  %
(a)Includes properties in our Fort Collins, CO and Colorado Springs, CO markets.
(b)Includes one property classified as held for sale.

22

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VALUE ADD SUMMARY BY MARKET
PROJECT LIFE TO DATE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022

Renovation Costs per Unit (b)
Market Total Properties Total
Units To Be Renovated
Units Complete Units
Leased
Rent Premium (a)
% Rent Increase Interior Exterior Total
ROI - Interior Costs (c)
ROI - Total Costs (d)
Ongoing
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 2 540  388  377  $ 329  29.0  % $ 12,202  $ 774  $ 12,976  32.1  % 30.1  %
Memphis, TN 1 362  221  217  393  33.8  % 14,469  807  15,276  32.6  % 30.9  %
Raleigh-Durham, NC 1 318  166  152  189  15.2  % 15,017  1,046  16,063  15.1  % 14.2  %
Indianapolis, IN 1 236  106  87  243  20.9  % 13,028  805  13,833  22.4  % 21.1  %
Columbus, OH 2 546  151  136  269  22.5  % 13,137  831  13,968  24.4  % 23.0  %
Atlanta, GA 5 2,180  569  529  271  32.9  % 11,305  843  12,149  30.7  % 28.8  %
Oklahoma City, OK 2 541  131  125  136  9.6  % 17,268  748  18,016  9.5  % 9.0  %
Austin, TX 1 256  48  32  178  14.9  % 14,032  1,104  15,136  15.2  % 14.1  %
Dallas, TX 2 586  99  93  244  18.2  % 16,172  1,110  17,282  18.3  % 17.2  %
Nashville, TN 1 724  99  51  131  9.6  % 11,261  1,664  12,926  14.0  % 12.2  %
   Total / Weighted
     Average
18 6,289  1,978  1,799  $ 269  24.5  % $13,155 $ 1,108  $ 14,263  24.5  % 22.6  %
Future (e)
Atlanta, GA 644  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Dallas, TX 876  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 348  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Oklahoma City, OK 546  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Columbus, OH 240  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
   Total / Weighted
     Average
2,654  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Completed (f)
Raleigh-Durham, NC 328  325  312  $ 183  15.2  % $ 14,446  $ 2,108  $ 16,554  15.2  % 13.3  %
Louisville, KY 728  707  687  220  17.4  % 14,912  2,252  17,163  17.9  % 15.2  %
Wilmington, NC 288  271  260  69  11.1  % 7,381  56  7,436  11.3  % 11.2  %
Atlanta, GA 494  454  443  177  23.3  % 8,682  1,773  10,456  24.4  % 20.3  %
Memphis, TN 691  611  595  190  21.5  % 10,722  970  11,692  21.1  % 19.4  %
Columbus, OH 763  668  642  202  23.6  % 9,833  664  10,497  23.6  % 22.1  %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL 348  302  292  207  17.9  % 13,964  2,155  16,119  17.8  % 15.4  %
   Total / Weighted
     Average
11  3,640  3,338  3,231  $ 188  19.5  % $ 11,541  $ 1,429  $ 12,970  19.6  % 17.4  %
Grand Total/Weighted
  Average
38  12,583  5,316  5,030  $ 219  21.2  % $ 12,142  $ 1,215  $ 13,357  21.6  % 19.6  %
Sold/Held for Sale
  Properties (g)
1,212  807  782  $ 154  19.2  % $ 9,663  $ 2,145  $ 11,807  20.1  % 15.7  %
(a) The rent premium reflects the per unit per month difference between the rental rate on the renovated unit and the market rent for an unrenovated unit as of the date presented, as determined by management consistent with its customary rent-setting and evaluation procedures.
(b)Includes all costs to renovate the interior units and make certain exterior renovations, including clubhouses and amenities. Interior costs per unit are based on units leased. Exterior costs per unit are based on total units at the community. Excludes overhead costs to support and manage the value add program as those costs relate to the entire program and cannot be allocated to individual projects.
(c)Calculated using the rent premium per unit per month, multiplied by 12, divided by the interior renovation costs per unit.
(d)Calculated using the rent premium per unit per month, multiplied by 12, divided by the total renovation costs per unit.
(e)Renovation project start dates are scheduled in Q1 2023 through Q3 2023.
(f)We consider value add projects completed when over 85% of the property’s units to be renovated have been completed. We continue to renovate remaining unrenovated units as leases expire until we complete 100% of the property’s units.
(g)Includes Meadows, Haverford, Crestmont and Creekside that were formerly a part of the value add program but were sold in October 2022 (with respect to Meadows), February 2022 (with respect to Haverford) and December 2021 (with respect to Crestmont and Creekside).
23

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INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY
Dollars in thousands with respect to Contract Price and Price per Unit

2022 ACQUISITIONS
Property Market Units Acquisition Date Purchase Price Price per Unit Average Rent Per Unit at Acquisition
Views of Music City (Phase I) Nashville, TN 96 April 6, 2022 $ 25,440  $ 265  $ 1,483 
Cyan Mallard Creek Charlotte, NC 234 August 16, 2022 80,000  342  1,701 
The Enclave at Tranquility Lake Tampa, FL 348 September 13, 2022 98,000  282  1,714 
Total 678 $ 203,440  $ 300  $ 1,677 
2022 DISPOSITIONS
Property Location Units Disposition Date Sale Price Price per Unit Average Rent Per Unit at Disposition Gain on sale (loss on impairment), net
Riverchase Indianapolis, IN 216 January 18, 2022 $ 31,000  $ 144  $ 1,028  $ 12,901 
Heritage Park Oklahoma City, OK 453 February 2, 2022 48,500  107  767  31,366 
Raindance Oklahoma City, OK 504 February 2, 2022 47,500  94  669  33,748 
Haverford Louisville, KY 160 February 2, 2022 31,050  194  1,146  16,697 
Meadows Apartments Louisville, KY 400 October 26, 2022 57,000  143  1,154  20,573 
Sycamore Terrace Terre Haute, IN 250 December 6, 2022 42,000  168  1,349  (3,529)
Total 1,983 $ 257,050  $ 130  $ 952  $ 111,756 
ASSETS HELD FOR SALE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022
Property Location Units
Eagle Lake Landing Indianapolis, IN 277
REAL ESTATE UNDER DEVELOPMENT
Projected Development Costs
Real estate Under Development Location Planned Units Start Date Initial Occupancy Date Completion Date Stabilization Date Total Estimated Total through Dec 31, 2022 Remaining
Destination at Arista Denver, CO 325 3Q 2021 2Q 2023 4Q 2023 1Q 2025 $ 102,100  $ 82,416  $ 19,684 
Flatirons Apartments Denver, CO 296 4Q 2022 3Q 2024 3Q 2024 2Q 2026 119,400  23,102  96,298 
Total 621 $ 221,500  $ 105,518  $ 115,982 
INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE ENTITIES
Investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities Location Units Estimated Delivery Date Total Construction Budget Total Project Debt IRT Equity Interest in JV Remaining Expected IRT Investment Carrying Value - IRT Investment
Metropolis at Innsbrook Richmond, VA 402 Q2 2023 $ 83,383  $ 64,000  84.8  % $ —  $ 17,331 
Views of Music City II / The Crockett (a) Nashville, TN 408 Q1 2023 66,079  43,275  50.0  % —  11,363 
Virtuoso (b) Huntsville, AL 178 57,491  39,281  90.0  % —  14,422 
Lakeline Station Austin, TX 378 Q2 2024 109,524  76,500  90.0  % 4,850  25,292 
The Mustang Dallas, TX 275 Q3 2024 109,583  79,447  85.0  % 13,941  11,812 
Total 1,641 $ 426,060  $ 302,503  $ 18,791  $ 80,220 
(a)Views of Music City phase II consists of 209 units with an estimated delivery date of Q4 2023. The Crockett, formerly known as the Jackson, consists of 199 units with an estimated delivery date of Q1 2023.
(b)The Virtuoso investment made on March 31, 2022 is an operating property.
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DEBT SUMMARY AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022
Dollars in thousands
Amount
Weighted Average Rate (d)
Type
Weighted Average Maturity (in years)
Debt:
Unsecured revolver (a)
$ 165,978  4.9  % Floating 3.1
Unsecured term loans (b)
600,000  5.1  % Floating 4.5
Secured credit facilities (c)
635,128  4.3  % Floating/Fixed 5.9
Mortgages 1,185,246  3.9  % Fixed 5.2
Total Principal 2,586,352  4.3  % 5.1
Loan premiums (discounts), net 59,937 
Unamortized deferred financing costs (14,644)
Total Debt 2,631,645 
Market Equity Capitalization, at period end 3,880,432 
Total Capitalization $ 6,512,077 
(a)Unsecured revolver total capacity is $500,000, of which $165,978 was drawn as of December 31, 2022. The maturity date of borrowings under the unsecured revolver is January 31, 2026.
(b)Consists of a (i) $200,000 unsecured term loan with a maturity date of May 18, 2026 and a (ii) $400,000 unsecured term loan with a maturity date of January 28, 2028.
(c)Consists of a (i) $558,880 secured credit facility, three tranches of which, in an aggregate principal amount of $518,412, have a maturity date of August 1, 2028 and the fourth tranche of which, in the principal amount of $40,468, has a maturity date of March 1, 2030 and a (ii) $76,248 secured credit facility with a maturity date of July 1, 2030.
(d)Represents the weighted average of the contractual interest rates in effect as of quarter-end without regard to any interest rate swaps or collars. Our total weighted average effective interest rate during the quarter ended December 31, 2022, after giving effect to the impact of interest rate swaps and collars, and excluding the impact of loan premium amortization and discount accretion was 4.1%.
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(e)As of December 31, 2022, we maintained the following hedges that have effectively fixed a portion of our floating rates debt.

Hedges: Notional Start End Swap Rate Floor Rate Cap Rate
   Collar $ 100,000  11/17/2017 11/17/2024 —  1.25  % 2.00  %
   Collar $ 150,000  10/17/2018 1/17/2024 —  2.25  % 2.50  %
   Swap $ 150,000  6/17/2021 6/17/2026 2.176  % —  — 
   Swap $ 150,000  5/17/2022 5/17/2027 0.985  % —  — 
   Forward starting collar $ 100,000  1/17/2024 1/17/2028 —  1.50  % 2.50  %
   Forward starting collar $ 100,000  11/17/2024 1/17/2028 —  1.50  % 2.50  %
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DEBT COVENANT AND UNENCUMBERED ASSET STATS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022
Dollars in thousands

Debt Covenant Summary (a)
Requirement Actual Compliance
Consolidated leverage ratio ≤ 60% 33.3% Yes
Consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio ≥ 1.5x 3.0x Yes
Unsecured leverage ratio ≤ 60% 23.9% Yes
(a)For a complete listing of all debt covenants along with definitions of each covenant calculation see the Fourth Amended, Restated and Consolidated Credit Agreement, which is included as exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8-K filed on July 27, 2022.
Encumbered & Unencumbered Statistics
Total Units % of Total Gross Assets % of Total Q4 2022 NOI % of Total
   Unencumbered assets 18,164  51.1  % $ 3,496,789  49.7  % $ 53,837  51.5  %
   Encumbered assets 17,362  48.9  % 3,538,113  50.3  % 50,627  48.5  %
35,526  100.0  % $ 7,034,902  100.0  % $ 104,464  100.0  %
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DEFINITIONS
Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Average effective rent per unit represents the average of gross rent amounts, divided by the average occupancy (in units) for the period presented. We believe average effective rent is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing. This metric, when presented, reflects the average effective rent per month.
Average Occupancy
Average occupancy represents the average occupied units for the reporting period divided by the average of total units available for rent for the reporting period.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense including amortization of deferred financing costs, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA before certain other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as asset sales, debt extinguishments and acquisition related debt extinguishment expenses, casualty (gains) losses, merger and integration costs, and income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities. We consider each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure of performance because it eliminates interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and other non-cash or non-operating gains and losses, which permits investors to view income from operations without these non-cash or non-operating items. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the methodology used for calculating Adjusted EBITDA by certain other REITs and, accordingly, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other REITs.
Funds From Operations (“FFO”) and Core Funds From Operations (“CFFO”)
We believe that FFO and Core FFO (“CFFO”), each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT and us in particular. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, gains or losses on sales of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with NAREIT’s definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO computations of such other REITs.
CFFO is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate company’s operating performance by removing the effect of items that do not reflect ongoing property operations, including depreciation and amortization of other items not included in FFO, and other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as casualty (gains) losses, abandoned deal costs, loan premium accretion and discount amortization, debt extinguishment costs, and merger and integration costs from the determination of FFO.
Our calculation of CFFO may differ from the methodology used for calculating CFFO by other REITs and, accordingly, our CFFO may not be comparable to CFFO reported by other REITs. Our management utilizes FFO and CFFO as measures of our operating performance, and believe they are also useful to investors, because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash or non-recurring items that are required by GAAP to be expensed but may not necessarily be indicative of current operating performance and our operating performance between periods. Furthermore, although FFO, CFFO and other supplemental performance measures are defined in various ways throughout the REIT industry, we believe that FFO and CFFO may provide us and our investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to certain other REITs. Neither FFO nor CFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and CFFO do not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Accordingly, FFO and CFFO do not measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements. Neither FFO nor CFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.
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Interest Coverage
Interest coverage is a ratio computed by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by interest expense.
Net Debt
Net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total consolidated debt less cash and cash equivalents and loan premiums and discounts. The following table provides a reconciliation of total consolidated debt to net debt (Dollars in thousands).
We present net debt and net debt to Adjusted EBITDA because management believes it is a useful measure of our credit position and progress toward reducing leverage. The calculation is limited because we may not always be able to use cash to repay debt on a dollar for dollar basis.
As of
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Total debt $ 2,631,645  $ 2,713,625  $ 2,552,936  $ 2,542,088  $ 2,705,336 
Less: cash and cash equivalents (16,084) (23,753) (11,378) (23,971) (35,972)
Less: loan discounts and premiums, net (59,937) (63,340) (66,091) (68,832) (71,586)
Total net debt $ 2,555,624  $ 2,626,532  $ 2,475,467  $ 2,449,285  $ 2,597,778 
Net Operating Income
We believe that Net Operating Income (“NOI”), a non-GAAP financial measure, is a useful measure of our operating performance. We define NOI as total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, casualty related costs and gains, property management expenses, general administrative expenses, interest expense, and net gains on sale of assets.
Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI, and accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our performance on a same-store and non same-store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.
Same-Store Properties and Same-Store Portfolio
We review our same-store portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year. Properties are added into the same-store portfolio if they were owned at the beginning of the previous year. Properties that are held-for-sale or have been sold are excluded from the same-store portfolio. Because our portfolio of properties changed significantly as a result of our STAR Merger, which closed on December 16, 2021, we may also present, as described below, information on the IRT Same-Store Portfolio, STAR Same-Store Portfolio and Combined Same-Store Portfolio.
IRT Same-Store Portfolio
IRT Same-Store Portfolio represents the 48 properties that IRT owned and consolidated as of January 1, 2021 and through December 31, 2022 (other than properties held for sale as of December 31, 2022).
STAR Same-Store Portfolio
STAR Same-Store Portfolio represents the 64 properties that STAR owned and consolidated as of January 1, 2021 and that, following the consummation of the Merger on December 16, 2021, continued to be owned and consolidated by IRT through December 31, 2022 (other than properties held for sale as of December 31, 2022).
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Combined Same-Store Portfolio
Combined Same-Store Portfolio represents the combination of the IRT Same-Store Portfolio and the STAR Same-Store Portfolio considered as a single portfolio of 112 properties which represent 33,527 units.

Combined Non Same-Store Portfolio
Combined Non Same-Store Portfolio represents the combination of five IRT non same-store properties and three STAR non same-store properties considered as a single non same-store portfolio of eight properties which represent 1,999 units acquired after January 1, 2021 (includes one property held for sale as of December 31, 2022).
Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI
In order to reconcile Combined Same-Store Portfolio NOI to net income for periods prior to our December 16, 2021 merger with STAR, our reconciliation excludes NOI generated by the STAR Portfolio because IRT did not own these properties prior to December 16, 2021.
Total Gross Assets
Total Gross Assets equals total assets plus accumulated depreciation and accumulated amortization, including fully depreciated or amortized real estate and real estate related assets. The following table provides a reconciliation of total assets to total gross assets (dollars in thousands).
As of
Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021
Total assets $ 6,532,095  $ 6,633,533  $ 6,386,634  $ 6,387,322  $ 6,506,696 
Plus: accumulated depreciation (a) 426,097  386,606  337,338  291,199  254,123 
Plus: accumulated amortization 76,710  77,141  77,062  52,856  24,829 
Total gross assets $ 7,034,902  $ 7,097,280  $ 6,801,034  $ 6,731,377  $ 6,785,648 
(a)Includes accumulated depreciation associated with real estate held for sale.
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APPENDIX A
COMBINED SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME
FOR THE THREE AND TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 and 2021
Dollars in thousands, except per unit data

IRT Same-Store Portfolio (a)
STAR Same-Store Portfolio (b)
Combined Same-Store Portfolio (c)
Q4 2022 Q4 2021 % Change Q4 2022 Q4 2021 % Change Q4 2022 Q4 2021 % Change
Revenue:
Rental and other
  property revenue
$57,648  51,783  11.3  % 93,744  $86,044  8.9  % $151,392  $137,827  9.8  %
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes 6,164  5,252  17.4  % 12,646  11,156  13.4  % 18,810  16,408  14.6  %
Property insurance 1,259  1,060  18.8  % 2,009  1,946  3.2  % 3,268  3,006  8.7  %
Personnel expenses 4,537  4,298  5.6  % 7,277  7,833  (7.1) % 11,814  12,131  (2.6) %
Utilities 2,828  2,559  10.5  % 4,883  4,458  9.5  % 7,711  7,017  9.9  %
Repairs and
 maintenance
1,295  1,461  (11.4) % 2,618  3,744  (30.1) % 3,913  5,205  (24.8) %
Contract services 1,948  1,752  11.2  % 3,019  2,978  1.4  % 4,967  4,730  5.0  %
Advertising expenses 481  454  5.9  % 683  860  (20.6) % 1,164  1,314  (11.4) %
Other expenses 834  591  41.1  % 1,137  881  29.1  % 1,971  1,472  33.9  %
Total property operating
  expenses
19,346  17,427  11.0  % 34,272  33,856  1.2  % 53,618  51,283  4.6  %
Same-store NOI (a) $38,302  34,356  11.5  % 59,472  $52,188  14.0  % $97,774  $86,544  13.0  %
Same-store NOI margin 66.4  % 66.3  % 0.1  % 63.4  % 60.7  % 2.8  % 64.6  % 62.8  % 1.8  %
Average occupancy 94.2  % 96.0  % (1.8) % 93.5  % 96.1  % (2.6) % 93.8  % 96.0  % (2.2) %
Average effective
  monthly rent, per unit
$ 1,483  $ 1,289  15.0  % $ 1,534  $ 1,387  10.6  % $ 1,514  $ 1,349  12.2  %

IRT Same-Store Portfolio (a)
STAR Same-Store Portfolio (b)
Combined Same-Store Portfolio (c)
YTD 2022 YTD 2021 % Change YTD 2022 YTD 2021 % Change YTD 2022 YTD 2021 % Change
Revenue:
Rental and other
  property revenue
$221,512  199,330  11.1  % 366,265  $331,767  10.4  % $587,777  $531,097  10.7  %
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes 24,779  23,339  6.2  % 50,209  45,960  9.2  % 74,988  69,299  8.2  %
Property insurance 4,952  4,337  14.2  % 7,536  7,148  5.4  % 12,488  11,485  8.7  %
Personnel expenses 18,714  17,127  9.3  % 28,969  29,935  (3.2) % 47,683  47,062  1.3  %
Utilities 10,881  9,907  9.8  % 19,003  18,093  5.0  % 29,884  28,000  6.7  %
Repairs and
 maintenance
7,482  7,054  6.1  % 12,514  12,201  2.6  % 19,996  19,255  3.8  %
Contract services 7,741  7,294  6.1  % 12,249  11,307  8.3  % 19,990  18,601  7.5  %
Advertising expenses 2,128  1,890  12.6  % 2,864  3,293  (13.0) % 4,992  5,183  (3.7) %
Other expenses 2,830  2,140  32.2  % 4,210  3,886  8.3  % 7,040  6,026  16.8  %
Total property operating
  expenses
79,507  73,088  8.8  % 137,554  131,823  4.3  % 217,061  204,911  5.9  %
Same-store NOI (a) $142,005  126,242  12.5  % 228,711  $199,944  14.4  % $370,716  $326,186  13.7  %
Same-store NOI margin 64.1  % 63.3  % 0.8  % 62.4  % 60.3  % 2.2  % 63.1  % 61.4  % 1.7  %
Average occupancy 94.7  % 95.9  % (1.2) % 94.7  % 96.1  % (1.4) % 94.7  % 96.0  % (1.3) %
Average effective
  monthly rent, per unit
$ 1,399  $ 1,232  13.6  % $ 1,475  $ 1,329  11.0  % $ 1,446  $ 1,291  12.0  %
(a)IRT Same-Store Portfolio consists of 48 properties, which represent 13,110 units.
(b)STAR Same-Store Portfolio consists of 64 properties, which represent 20,417 units.
(c)Combined Same-Store Portfolio consists of 112 properties, which represent 33,527 units.
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