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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM
OR
For the fiscal year ended
OR
OR
Date of event requiring this shell company report
For the transition period from to
Commission file number:
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
N/A
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
+65 6261-1212
(Address of principal executive offices)
Telephone:
Email:
At the address of the Company set forth above
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Copies to:
Charlotte Westfall, Esq.
Rimon P.C.
545 Middlefield Road, Suite 260
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Phone: +1 415.869.7180
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
| The |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
None
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
None
(Title of Class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ☐
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |
| ☒ | Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company that prepares its
financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition
period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange
Act.
| † | The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012. |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial
reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared
or issued its audit report.
If securities are registered pursuant to Section
12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction
of an error to previously issued financial statements.
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
| International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ☐ | Other ☐ |
| * | If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ☐ Item 18 ☐ |
If this is an annual report, indicate by check
mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
ii
ABOUT THIS ANNUAL REPORT
Conventions Which Apply to this Annual Report
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all references in this annual report to “we”, “us”, “our”, “Company”, “Group”, “our Company”, “our Group”, and “SMJ” is a reference to SMJ International Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Throughout this annual report, we use a number of key terms and provide a number of key performance indicators used by management. Unless the context otherwise requires, the following definitions apply throughout where the context so admits:
Other Companies, Organizations and Agencies
| “Articles” or “Articles of Association” | : | The Amended and Restated Articles of Association of our Company, adopted on and effective as of April 23, 2025, as further supplemented, amended, or otherwise modified from time to time. |
| “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” | : | Assentsure PAC. |
General
| “Audit Committee” | : | The audit committee of our Board of Directors. |
| “Board” or “Board of Directors” | : | The board of Directors of our Company. |
| “Class A Ordinary Shares” | : | The Class A ordinary shares of our Company, US$0.0002 par value per share, and having the rights provided for in the articles of association of our Company, as amended or substituted from time to time. |
| “Class B Ordinary Shares” | : | The Class B ordinary shares of our Company, US$0.0002 par value per share, and having the rights provided for in the articles of association of our Company, as amended or substituted from time to time. |
| “Companies Act” | : | The Companies Act (Revised) of the Cayman Islands, as amended, supplemented, or modified from time to time. |
| “Company”, “Group”, “we”, “us”, “our” |
: | SMJ International Holdings Inc., a Cayman Islands exempted company limited by shares and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated. |
| “CEO” | : | Chief executive officer of our Company. |
| “CFO” | : |
Chief financial officer of our Company.
|
| “COO” | : | Chief operating officer of our Company. |
| “Darrien Ong” | : | Ong Kar Loon, our independent director. |
| “Directors” | : | The directors of our Company, including the executive directors and independent directors. |
iii
| “Employment Act” | : | Employment Act 1968 of Singapore, as amended, supplemented, or modified from time to time. |
| “Executive Directors” | : | The executive directors of our Company. See section titled “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees - A. Directors and Senior Management”. |
| “Executive Officers” | : | The executive officers of our Company. See section titled “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees - A. Directors and Senior Management”. |
| “FASB” | : | The Financial Accounting Standards Board. |
| “Financial Year” or “FY” | : | Financial year ended or, as the case may be, ending March 31. |
| “GST” | : | Goods and Services Tax of Singapore. |
| “IPO” | : |
Initial public offering.
|
| “Major Shareholder” | : | A person who has an interest or interests (whether by record or beneficial ownership) in one or more voting Shares in our Company, and the total votes attached to that share, or those Shares, is not less than 5.0% of the total votes attached to all the voting Shares in our Company. |
| “Memorandum” or “Memorandum of Association” | : | The Amended and Restated Memorandum of Association of our Company adopted and effective as of April 23, 2025, as further supplemented, amended, or otherwise modified from time to time. |
| “Nellie Ho” | : | Ho Wan Jing Nellie, our Major Shareholder and Executive Officer. |
| “NYSE American” | : | The NYSE American LLC |
| “NYSE American Listing Rules” | : | The NYSE American rules governing listed companies. |
| “PRC” | : | People’s Republic of China. |
| “Rena Ho” | : | Ho Pei Yuen Rena, our Major Shareholder and Executive Officer. |
| “Rosie Lee” | : | Lee Lay Choo, our Major Shareholder and Executive Officer. |
| “Sherina Low” | : | Low Yeen Mei Sherina, our Executive Officer. |
| “Singapore Companies Act” | : | Companies Act 1967 of Singapore, as amended, supplemented, or modified from time to time. |
| “Singapore Income Tax Act” | : | Income Tax Act 1947 of Singapore, as amended, supplemented, or modified from time to time. |
| “Shareholders” | : | Registered holders of Shares. |
| “Track Record Period” | : | The period comprising the two financial years ended March 31, 2026, and March 31, 2025. |
| “U.S. GAAP” | : | Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. |
Currencies, Units and Others
| “S$” or “SGD” | : | Singapore dollars, the lawful currency of the Republic of Singapore. |
| “US$”, “$” or “USD” | : | U.S. dollars and cents respectively, the lawful currency of the United States of America. |
| “%” or “per cent.” | : | Per centum. |
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MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
We are responsible for the information contained in this annual report. This annual report includes statistical and other industry and market data that we obtained from industry publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties, as well as estimates by our management based on such data. The market data and estimates used in this annual report involve a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such data and estimates. While we believe that the information from these industry publications, surveys and studies is reliable, the industry in which we operate is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of important factors, including those described in the section titled “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties and by us.
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PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Unless otherwise indicated, all financial information contained in this annual report is prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in Singapore dollars (“S$”), which is the reporting currency of our Company. This annual report contains translations of certain foreign currency amounts into U.S. dollars for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from U.S. dollars to Singapore dollars in this annual report were calculated at the rate of S$1.2893=US$1, as set forth in the statistical release of the Federal Reserve System on March 31, 2026. No representation is made that the Singapore dollars amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate, or at any other rate. Any discrepancies in tables included herein between the total sum of amounts listed and the totals thereof are due to rounding. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables may not be an arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them.
Certain of our customers and suppliers are referred to in this annual report by their trade names. Our contracts with these customers and suppliers are typically with an entity or entities in the relevant customer or supplier’s group of companies.
Internet site addresses in this annual report are included for reference only and the information contained in any website, including our website, is not incorporated by reference into, and does not form part of this annual report.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report contains statements of a forward-looking nature. All statements other than statements of historical facts are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made under the “safe harbor” provision under Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In some cases, these forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “aim,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “potential,” “continue,” “is/are likely to” or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include statements about:
| ● | changes in political, social and economic conditions, the regulatory environment, laws and regulations and interpretation thereof in the jurisdictions where we conduct business or expect to conduct business; |
| ● | the risk that we may be unable to realize our anticipated growth strategies and expected internal growth; |
| ● | changes in the availability and cost of professional staff which we require to operate our business; |
| ● | changes in customers’ preferences and needs; |
| ● | changes in competitive conditions and our ability to compete under such conditions; |
| ● | changes in our future capital needs and the availability of financing and capital to fund such needs; |
| ● | changes in currency exchange rates or interest rates; |
| ● | projections of revenue, profits, earnings, capital structure and other financial items; |
| ● | changes in our plan to enter into certain new business sectors; and |
| ● | other factors beyond our control. |
We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs.
You should read these statements in conjunction with the risks disclosed in “Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors” of this annual report and other risks outlined in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. The forward-looking statements made in this annual report relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this annual report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this annual report and the documents that we have referred to in this annual report, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.
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Part I
Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Adviser
Not applicable.
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Not applicable.
Item 3. Key Information
A. [Reserved]
B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable.
C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
D. Risk Factors
This annual report also contains forward-looking statements having direct and/or indirect implications on our future performance. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks and uncertainties faced by us described below and elsewhere in this annual report. See section titled “Cautionary Statement regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
Our business is dependent on the goodwill in our proprietary “SMJ” brand.
Our business is dependent on the goodwill of our proprietary “SMJ” brand. Maintaining our reputation for supplying good quality flooring products is important to enable us to maintain our existing customer base and increase our new customers. Any negative publicity and/or any failure to maintain our reputation and the goodwill associated with these brands that we market and sell flooring products under may tarnish the goodwill and the commercial value of our proprietary “SMJ” brand name which we have established with our customers. This may materially and adversely affect our business and financial performance. In addition, it is possible that our competitors may distribute products or adopt trade names that are similar to ours and our suppliers notwithstanding that our and our suppliers’ trademarks have been registered in Singapore. Please refer to the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Intellectual Property” for further details of our trademark. It is also possible that we or our suppliers may not be able to completely prevent an infringement of our or our suppliers’ intellectual property rights. In any of such events, the goodwill generated by our or our suppliers’ brand name may be eroded and our business will be adversely affected.
We are required to continually maintain a wide range of inventory and may be adversely affected if there is a mismatch between our inventory acquisition and our expected market demand.
The nature of our business requires us to invest in and keep a substantial and varied stock of flooring products in order to meet the needs of our diverse customer base at short notice. Our customers’ requirements are difficult to predict and are not made in accordance with any fixed or long-term contracts. As of March 31, 2026, the total cost of our inventory was approximately S$4.1 million, which accounted for approximately 20.6% of our current assets. Currently, our Singapore warehouse maintains approximately 80 different designs of flooring products in up to 400 different colors. Over the Track Record Period, our inventory turnover period ranged from 142.6 to 161.8 days in our warehouse. The longer our stock remains unsold, the higher our holding costs of inventory. If we fail to anticipate the needs of our customers accurately or if we manage our inventory levels inefficiently, we may accumulate large amounts of slow-moving inventory. Further, any mismanagement of inventory may lead to cash flow shortages while any mismanagement of freight and transportation costs incurred for the purchase and sale of inventory may lead to higher cost of purchase of inventories and thereby negatively impacting our business, profitability and financial position.
1
We have not written off any slow-moving inventories for both financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026. Our revenue depends largely on the range and variety of flooring products that we are able to offer our customers. Customers’ preferences for particular designs of flooring products may change and may result in different market trends emerging. Some of our flooring products may be subject to impairment over the years in the event of changes in consumer preferences and trends in the designs which render certain range of our stocks to be obsolete or lacking in appeal to consumers. As a result of such events, our financial position and performance will be adversely affected.
Our business and financial performance will be affected by any increase in rental charges or the failure to procure the renewal of existing leases.
Currently, our office, showroom and warehouse are housed in leased premises. The total rental expenses of our Group which include the rental and service charges for our office, showroom and warehouse amounted to approximately S$1.0 million in FY2025 and FY2026.
The tenure of our lease for our office, showroom and warehouse will expire on March 31, 2027 with an option to renew for a further term of three years at revised terms to be mutually agreed. We generally commence negotiations for a new lease about six months prior to the expiry of the existing lease. The new lease agreement is usually signed within one month of the expiry of the existing lease. Upon the expiry of such lease, the lessor has the right to review and alter the terms and conditions of the lease. We face the risk of increase in rental charges or the inability to renew the lease on terms and conditions which are favorable to us. Any increase in the rental charges or changes in terms and conditions that are unfavorable to us would inevitably increase our operating expenses, thus affecting our profitability. In addition, failure to procure the renewal of lease or premature termination of the lease by the lessor in accordance with the termination clauses of the existing lease agreement may result in losses and disruptions to our business, and our financial performance will be adversely affected.
Our business and financial performance will be affected by any increase in costs of fundings or failure to obtain required working capital and financing at reasonable terms and costs.
We are exposed to interest rate risk as we generally fund our purchases of flooring products via our internal resources and short and long-term financing from banks and other financial institutions. As of March 31, 2026, we had an outstanding short-term trade financing loan of approximately S$1.7 million. However, our finance expenses decreased by S$33,390 from S$186,235 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to S$152,845 for the financial year ended March 31, 2026. This decreased is due to early repayment of S$1.1 million short-term borrowings. Our interest rate for Singapore dollars denominated transactions is based on the bank’s prevailing prime lending rate while our interests rate for foreign currency is based on 2.5% p.a. over the bank’s prevailing cost of funds as determined by the bank. Although interest rates for our short-term trade financing facilities are fixed during the terms, which are typically 120 days, our interest rates are subject to change at each drawdown.
Therefore, any disruption, uncertainty and volatility in the global credit markets may limit our ability to obtain the required working capital and financing for our business at reasonable terms and finance costs. If all or a substantial portion of our credit facilities are withdrawn and we are unable to secure alternative funding on acceptable commercial terms, our operations and financial position will be adversely affected. These situations could potentially present risks to our Company, including an increase in interest expenses on our bank borrowings or reduction of the amount of banking facilities currently available to us, thereby materially and adversely affecting our business operations and may have a material adverse impact on our future financial performance.
In addition, such fluctuations and volatility in the global credit markets could limit credit lines of our current and potential customers from banks or financial institutions. Accordingly, such customers may not be able to obtain sufficient financing to purchase our flooring products, or we may be required to lower our rates in order to cater to our customers’ current situation. This may have an adverse impact on our revenue and financial performance.
2
We rely on a limited number of key customers for our business.
During the financial years ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 our two most significant customers accounted for a combined 26.1% and 25.3% of revenue, respectively. We do not typically enter into long-term agreements with our customers, and we have not entered into such agreements with these significant customers. As a result, revenue generated by each customer varies from year-to-year, and is subject to the value of the projects which we secure from them and the time taken to complete such products.
The ability and willingness of our customers to continue working with us is largely beyond our control. If one or more of these customers decide to terminate their business relationship with us and that we are unable to find customers to replace them, we could face difficulties in maintaining sufficient cash flows, revenues or profits. As a result, our total revenue could decline and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.
Changes in international investment and trade policies, escalations of tensions in international relations, and increased scrutiny from customs and other authorities to trade may have an adverse effect on our business and expansion plans.
For the financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, we derived approximately 47.2% and 51.4% of our revenue from export markets, respectively. There have been heightened tensions in international relations in recent years, which has resulted in and will continue to cause changes in international trade policies and additional barriers to trade. Tensions in the relations between countries may intensify and these countries may adopt measures in the future that impact our business operations. Countries impose, modify, and remove tariffs and other trade restrictions in response to a diverse array of factors, including global and national economic and political conditions, which contribute to the volatile nature of tariffs and other trade restrictions.
We currently do not expect material impact from recent changes in worldwide tariffs on imports and exports. As our business activities are primarily performed within Asia, there are two active trade treaties:
| ● | The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is a trade bloc agreement by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations supporting local trade and manufacturing in all ASEAN countries, and facilitating economic integration with regional and international allies. It stands as one of the largest and most important free trade areas (FTA) in the world, and together with its network of dialogue partners, drove some of the world’s largest multilateral forums and blocs, including Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, East Asia Summit and Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership. |
| ● | The ASEAN–China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) is a free-trade area among the ten member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the People’s Republic of China. The free trade agreement reduced tariffs on 7,881 product categories, or 90 percent of imported goods, to zero. |
However, changes in governmental policies including sanctions, tariffs, trade agreements and export controls administered by governments around the world, particularly those imposed as a result of an increasingly tense relationship of the political or economic relations among major economic groups and other geopolitical challenges, could impose a severe constraint on the manufacturing and sale activities and consequently causing a material and adverse effect on the business and prospects of our customers and business partners and of ourselves. As a result, global trade tensions may materially and adversely affect our revenue and financial performance.
We are affected by regional and worldwide political, regulatory, social and economic conditions in the jurisdictions in which we and our customers and suppliers operate and in the jurisdictions in which we intend to expand our business.
We and our customers and suppliers are governed by the laws, regulations, and government policies in each of the various jurisdictions in which we and our customers and suppliers operate or into which we intend to expand our business and operations. Our business and future growth are dependent on the political, regulatory, social and economic conditions in these jurisdictions, which are beyond our control. Any economic downturn, changes in policies, currency and interest rate fluctuations, capital controls or capital restrictions, labor laws, changes in environmental protection laws and regulations, duties and taxation and limitations on imports and exports in these countries may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
3
We may be affected by economic downturns, reduction in renovation and furnishings spending budget and uncertain global economic outlook.
The industry that we operate in has historically been subject to the spending budget of businesses and organizations as well as cyclical economic downturns which affect the continuous supply of commercial space in Singapore and our overseas markets, thereby negatively impacting our sales, gross margins and profitability. Our business is therefore dependent on such supply of commercial space and spending budget for renovations and furnishings as our products are mainly used in the office and commercial space. An economic slowdown would generally lead to a decrease in the supply of commercial space and number of renovation and furnishings projects, which we rely on for our sales. As we have not entered into long term contracts with any of our customers, in the event of a contraction in the supply of commercial space or slowdown in renovation and furnishing activities of the office and commercial space, our business and financial performance will be adversely affected.
General economic factors and conditions worldwide, including inflation and unemployment rate, may affect consumers’ willingness to spend. Generally, consumers may also be reluctant to spend on renovation or furnishings if they lack confidence in the economy. The global macroeconomic environment has faced numerous challenges in recent years, including the sustained tension between certain major countries in the world over trade policies which could significantly undermine the stability of the global economy. There is no assurance that consumer spending will remain buoyant or that demand for our flooring products will remain at current level. Specifically, consumer spending is affected by a number of factors, including actual and perceived economic conditions, inflation, unemployment rate, demand for better quality of work environment, interest rates, and availability of credit in the markets where our flooring products are sold. Any significant and adverse change to the aforesaid factors could reduce the level of consumer spending and hence, demand for our flooring products.
Due to uncertainties in the global markets, it is difficult to predict how our markets and businesses may be affected by the global markets as our marketing and sales are carried out through our network of more than 260 dealers, importers and installation companies that made at least one purchase in each of the 2025 and 2026 fiscal years in Singapore and over 20 countries mainly in Asia. Accordingly, these situations could potentially present risks to our Company, including an increase in interest expenses on our bank borrowings or reduction of the amount of banking facilities currently available to us, thereby materially and adversely affecting our business operations and future financial performance. Given the uncertainties as to the future economic outlook, there is no assurance that we will be able to maintain or continue to grow our revenue and profits, or that we will be able to react promptly to any change in economic conditions. In the event that we fail to react promptly to the changing economic conditions, our performance and profitability could be adversely affected.
Our business is subject to supply chain interruptions.
We work with third-party logistic providers for the import, export, and transportation of our flooring products. We rely on such third-party service providers’ abilities to deliver our flooring products as part of the supply chain logistics. The factors that can adversely affect our operations include, but are not limited to:
| ● | interruptions to our delivery capabilities; |
| ● | failure of third-party service providers to meet our standards or their commitments to us; |
| ● | increasing transportation costs, shipping constraint or other factors that could impact cost, such as having to find more expensive service providers which may or may not be readily available; and |
| ● | the COVID-19 and disruptions as a result of efforts to control or mitigate the pandemic (such as facility closures, governmental orders, outbreaks and/or transportation capacity). |
Any increased costs from delays, cancellations, and insurance, or disruption to, or inefficiency in, the supply chain network of our third-party service providers, whether due to geopolitical conflicts, or other factors, could affect our revenue and profitability.
4
We are dependent on key personnel for our continued success.
Our success to date has been largely attributable to the efforts of our key management led by our Executive Directors, namely Ms. Rena Ho, Ms. Nellie Ho and Ms. Rosie Lee who are supported by our experienced management teams. Each of our Executive Directors has more than 20 years of experience in the flooring industry. Our continued success is dependent to a large extent, on our ability to retain the services of our management team, who are responsible for our day-to-day operations and the implementation of the business strategy and corporate development of our Group as well as our experienced sales and project teams with deep product knowledge. The loss of the services of any of our key personnel without suitable replacements may have an adverse impact on our business operations and the future growth of our Group. Please refer to the section titled “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees – A. Directors and Senior Management” for details of the qualifications and working experience of our management team.
Failure to keep abreast of changes in consumer preferences will adversely affect sales.
The demand for flooring product is susceptible to changes in consumer preferences and trends in the design of flooring products, or other substitute materials or stones. Such changes in demand or preference are difficult to predict accurately. Our continued growth and success are dependent on our ability to launch new flooring products with unique designs at competitive prices, as well as the popularity of and customer demand for our flooring products. Shifts in customer preferences away from our range of flooring product will affect our business and profitability. Our business and financial performance will be adversely affected in the event that we are unable to respond promptly and appropriately to the changing requirements of our customers or if our flooring product design or styles do not satisfy changing consumer preferences.
We rely on third party flooring product manufacturers for our products.
We collaborate with several third-party flooring manufacturers in the PRC and Thailand to produce all our flooring products marketed under our proprietary “SMJ” brand. The use of third-party flooring manufacturers to produce flooring products for our sale does not guarantee products of acceptable quality as we do not have direct control over the manufacturing process. In addition, there can be no assurance that there will not be a disruption in the supply of products from these manufacturers, and in the event of such disruption, we may not be able to source for suitable alternative manufacturers on a timely basis. The failure of any third-party flooring manufacturer to perform or the loss of any third-party flooring manufacturer whom we generally do not enter into long term or exclusive agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial performance.
We are exposed to risks arising from fluctuations of foreign currency exchange rates.
Our revenue is predominantly denominated in S$ which constituted approximately 52.8% and 48.2% of our revenue for FY2025 and FY2026 respectively. Our purchases are predominantly denominated in US$ which constituted approximately 98.7% and 98.9% of our purchases for FY2025 and FY2026 respectively. Purchases made in US$ include flooring products under our third-party flooring manufacturers. Foreign exchange risks arise mainly from a mismatch between the currency of our sales and the currency of our purchases. We may suffer foreign currency losses if there are significant adverse fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the time of our purchases and payments in foreign currencies and the time of our sales and receipts. This may adversely affect our financial results. In FY2025 and FY2026, our net foreign exchange losses were S$129,593 and S$172,602, respectively. We do not currently have any formal policy for hedging against foreign exchange exposure.
In addition, as our shares are quoted in US$ on the NYSE American Market, dividends, if any, in respect of our shares will be paid in US$. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the US$ and other currencies will affect, amongst other things, the foreign currency value of the proceeds which a shareholder would receive upon sale of our shares and the foreign currency value of dividend distributions.
5
We may be subject to litigation if we infringe third party intellectual property rights.
We market and sell flooring products mainly under our proprietary brand known as “SMJ”. If these brands or their products carry designs that are similar or identical to registered trademarks belonging to any other third party whom we may not be aware of, we may be sued for infringement of their trademarks. Even if the trademarks or designs were not registered, we may still be liable under an action for passing off if these third parties are able to prove their interests in such trademarks or designs. Generally, we may not have recourse against our suppliers, its distributors or suppliers in claims for infringement of intellectual property rights. If we are being sued for trademark infringement or in an action of passing off, we may be liable for damages and incur legal costs, which if substantial, will have an adverse effect on our financial performance.
Our inability to mitigate against lower prices in certain international markets outside of Singapore may cause our gross margin to decrease, and affect our future profitability and results of operations.
We derived approximately 47.2% and 51.8% of our revenue from export sales to markets outside of Singapore for the financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively. For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, revenue from export sales increased by approximately S$1.1 million or 13.5% from approximately S$8.0 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to approximately S$9.1 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2026. As a result of the higher proportion of export sales which generally command lower gross profit margins, our overall gross profit margins had deteriorated by approximately 1.5%, from approximately 36.1% for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to approximately 34.6% for financial year ended March 31, 2026. The lower gross profit margins from our export sale was primarily due to lower prices for our goods in certain international markets outside of Singapore, as well as increased logistical costs. We envisage that the revenue contribution from export sales will continue to increase as we intend to strengthen and expand our geographical coverage outside Singapore further. Therefore, as the proportion of our sales from exports continues to rise, we will face overall lower gross margins. While we are evaluating pricing strategies and supplier efficiencies to mitigate the impact of such pricing pressure, there is no assurance that we may be able to do so.
We may be unable to retain the loyalty of our end-users or secure new projects.
Our high performance flooring product typically has a product life cycle of approximately 10 years. There is no assurance that our end-users will remain as repeat customers when replacing their existing flooring product after the flooring product is worn out or damaged. As we are operating in a highly competitive industry, there is no assurance that we would be able to retain the loyalty of our end-users and ensure that they will continue to support and use our products. In the event that we are not able to retain the loyalty of our end-users, our business and performance may be adversely affected.
It is crucial for the continued success of our business that we manage to continuously secure new projects of a high value since we do not typically enter into long term agreements with our customers. We typically source for our projects through requests for quotation and referrals from our customers who are satisfied with our products and services. Generally, we maintain regular contacts with architects and designers who are instrumental in recommending our products to their end-users in the course of their design and selection of suppliers and sub-contractors during their renovation and furnishings projects. Notwithstanding so, there is no assurance that our Group will be able to secure new and lucrative projects on a regular basis through our participation in tenders or our customers will continue to refer new projects to us. In addition, our resources are limited and we will not be able to participate in tenders for projects which may generate lucrative profit margins if we do not have the capacity to undertake the work. If we are unable to secure new and lucrative projects, our business and financial performance will be materially and adversely affected.
We are exposed to fluctuations in prices of raw materials.
The main raw materials used in the manufacture of flooring products are nylon and polypropylene fibers. The prices of these raw materials, being petroleum-based, will increase when there is an increase in crude oil prices. As such, any major upward trend in the prices of such raw materials would increase the costs of our inventory and correspondingly increase the amount of working capital required for our business. In the event that such increase in prices results in a substantial increase in working capital, and we are unable to fund such increase, our business and financial performance will be adversely affected.
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Our business may be affected by competition with existing industry players and new entrants.
We operate in a highly competitive industry and our success depends to a large extent on our ability to compete effectively against other players within the industry and respond in an effective and timely manner to cope with changing market conditions and trends. There is no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively with existing industry players or new entrants. Should our existing or new competitors offer products and services similar to ours at a lower cost or engage in aggressive pricing in order to increase or gain market share, our revenue may decline if we are not able to match such lower pricing. As a result, such competitive pressures could result in a negative impact on our pricing (thus eroding our profit margins), erode our market share or make it more difficult for us to achieve any significant market penetration. In the event we are unable to compete effectively with our existing and future competitors and adapt quickly to changing market conditions and trends, our business and financial performance will be adversely affected. Please refer to the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview– Competition” for further details of our competitors.
Disputes, claims and variation orders can erode our Group’s profitability.
We may be involved from time to time in disputes with various parties in the course of our business. These parties include suppliers, sub-contractors and other partners. These disputes may lead to legal and other proceedings which may incur substantial costs to the extent that we are unable to recover such costs from our suppliers, sub-contractors and other partners, and the diversion of our management’s resources and attention. During the course of a project, the project owner may request our Group to perform additional works which are not specified in the original contract or to carry out variations to the specifications stipulated in the original contract. At times, the parties may agree that variation orders be performed before the costs for such additional works are finalized between the parties. Hence, the final values of such variation orders may be subject to dispute by the project owner. Our Group’s earnings will be adversely affected if we are required to bear any part of the variation costs.
We will be liable to pay liquidated damages in the event of delay in the completion of projects.
Our Group may be liable to pay liquidated damages in the event of any delays in the completion of a project within the specified date of completion as provided in the contract. The quantum of liquidated damages payable is normally stated in the contracts. However, our Group would not be liable for liquidated damages and may be granted an extension of completion time if the delay is caused by external factors that are beyond our control. While we have the right to claim against our suppliers, sub-contractors and other partners should the delay in the completion of the project be attributable to their fault, there is no assurance that we can make such claim successfully. There can be no assurance that there will not be any delays in existing and future projects which we undertake resulting in the payment of liquidated damages to the extent that we are unable to recover such costs from our suppliers, sub-contractors and other partners which could have a material impact on our financial performance and financial condition.
We may require additional funding for our future growth.
We may require additional funding for the identified future growth plans as set out in the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – Business Overview – Our Business Strategies and Future Plans”, the proceeds from our recent IPO may not be sufficient to cover the estimated costs to implement all these plans. Under such circumstance, we may need to obtain debt or equity financing to implement these growth opportunities. Additional debt and/or equity financing may result in dilution to our Shareholders. If such financing does not generate a commensurate increase in earnings, our EPS will be diluted, and this could lead to a decline in our Share price.
Any additional debt financing may, apart from increasing interest expense and gearing, result in all or any of the following:
| ● | limit our ability to pay dividends; |
| ● | increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; |
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| ● | require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flows to fund capital expenditure, working capital and other requirements; and/or |
| ● | limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry. |
There is no assurance that we will be able to obtain additional debt and/or financing on terms that are acceptable to us or at all. Any inability to secure additional debt and/or financing may materially and adversely affect our business, implementation of our business strategies and future plans and results of operations.
There is no assurance that our expansion plans will be successful.
In order to grow our business, we intend to expand in accordance with our future plans as set out in the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – Business Overview – Our Business Strategies and Future Plans”, which include expanding our business through acquisitions, joint ventures and/or strategic alliances in businesses that are complementary to our business. Participation in strategic alliances, acquisitions, or joint ventures similarly involves risks, including but not limited to, difficulties in integrating management, operations, services, products and personnel. The successful integration of such growth strategies depends on our ability to identify suitable partners and the successful integration of operations. There can be no assurance that we will be able to execute such growth strategies successfully. Should any of the aforesaid events occur, our profitability may be adversely affected.
We are exposed to credit risks of our customers.
Our financial position and profitability is dependent on the credit-worthiness of our customers. If there are any unforeseen circumstances affecting our customers’ ability or willingness to pay us, we may experience defaults in payment which will adversely affect our financial position and profitability.
We may be affected by major or sustained disruptions to our operations.
In the event of any major or sustained disruptions or any outbreak of fire, flood or any other natural disasters which results in significant damage to our premises, our operations may be adversely affected. For instance, in the event that our office and warehouse experience downtime, we may not be able to deliver the required goods to our customers. In such an event, the confidence of our customers may drop and our business and financial position may be adversely affected.
Our business is dependent on the services of our sub-contractors.
We may engage sub-contractors to provide installation works required by our customers. These sub-contractors are selected based on, inter alia, our past working experience with them, and their competitiveness in terms of pricing, quality and ability to meet the stipulated timelines. We cannot ensure that the services rendered by these sub-contractors will be satisfactory or that they will continue to meet our requirements for quality. In the event of any loss or damage which arises from the default of the sub-contractors engaged by us, we will nevertheless be liable for our sub-contractors’ default. Furthermore, these sub-contractors may experience financial or other difficulties that may affect their ability to carry out the work for which they contracted for, thus delaying the completion of or failing to complete the installation projects, resulting in additional costs to us or exposing us to the risk of liquidated damages. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
We may face rising labor costs and labor shortage.
Our ability to meet our labor requirements may be subject to numerous external factors, including the availability of a sufficient number of suitable persons in the relevant job segment, prevailing labor costs including wage rates and applicable levies, demographics, and health and insurance costs. In addition, any changes to the labor laws in Singapore in the form of stricter qualifying criteria and salary thresholds for foreign workers, and increases in foreign worker levies and foreign workers’ accommodation costs may result in an increase in our labor-related costs.
Our growth plans may require us to hire new employees in the future. As we face competition for labor, we may have to increase wages and employee benefits to attract and retain qualified personnel or risk considerable employee turnover. If we are unable to hire, train and retain qualified employees at a reasonable cost, we may be unable to execute our growth strategy and our business, financial position and results of operations may be adversely affected.
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Our L3 status is not guaranteed.
Our Group is registered with Building and Construction Authority of Singapore as a L3 contractor under the workhead of SY06 - Finishing and Building Products which allows our Group to tender for public sector contracts of up to S$5 million. To maintain our Group’s existing L3 status, our Group must, among other requirements, maintain a track record of S$3 million (contract value of awarded projects) for the past three years. In the event that the L3 status cannot be maintained, our Group will not be able to tender for public sector contracts of value up to S$5 million, which will have an adverse impact on our Group’s financial performance.
Our insurance coverage may not be adequate.
We maintain workmen’s or work injury compensation insurance, public liability insurance and fire insurance. We also maintain insurance policies which cover personal accidents, hospitalization and surgery for our employees. However, in the event that the amount of such claims exceed the coverage of the insurance policies which we have taken up, we may be liable for shortfalls of the amounts claimed.
Notwithstanding that we are insured against business interruption, significant damage to our operations, whether as a result of fire or other causes, may still have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position. Please refer to the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – Business Overview – Insurance” for further details.
We may be affected by an outbreak of communicable and infectious diseases.
Various outbreak of communicable and infectious diseases in recent years, including the COVID-19 pandemic, have caused significant disruption to the market and have resulted in global economic and social uncertainties. The occurrence of such outbreaks in the future may disrupt our operations, and the operations of our customers, suppliers, and/or sub-contractors if the development of such outbreak becomes more severe resulting in a tightening of restrictions and regulations on businesses. If we or our customers, suppliers, and sub-contractors are forced to close their businesses with prolonged disruptions to their operations, we may experience a delay or shortage of supplies and/or services by our suppliers and sub-contractors, or termination of our orders and contracts by our customers, thereby causing our business and financial performance to be adversely affected.
We are exposed to risks with respect of acts of war, terrorist attacks, epidemics, political unrest, adverse weather conditions, and other uncontrollable events.
Our business may be affected by macroeconomic factors in the countries in which we market our products to, such as general economic conditions, market sentiment, social and political unrest, and regulatory, fiscal, and other governmental policies, all of which are beyond our control. In particular, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, increased hostilities and other acts of violence or war around the world may also adversely affect the markets that we market our products to. The occurrence of any of these events may result in a loss of business confidence, which could potentially lead to an economic recession and have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, unforeseeable circumstances and other factors such as power outages, labor disputes, adverse weather conditions or other catastrophes, epidemics, or outbreaks may disrupt our operations and cause loss and damage to our warehousing facilities and office. Any such events may cause damage or disruption to our business, markets, customers, and suppliers, any of which may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
The ability of our subsidiary in Singapore to distribute dividends to us may be subject to restrictions under applicable laws.
We are a holding company, and our operating subsidiary is located in Singapore. Part of our primary internal sources of funds to meet our cash needs is our share of the dividends, if any, paid by our operating subsidiary. The distribution of dividends to us from our subsidiary is subject to restrictions imposed by the applicable laws and regulations in these markets, which are more fully described in the section titled “Item 8. Financial Information – A. Consolidated Statements and other Financial Information - Dividend Policy” in this annual report. In addition, although there are currently no foreign exchange control regulations which restrict the ability of our operating subsidiary in Singapore to distribute dividends to us, the relevant regulations may be changed and the ability of our subsidiary to distribute dividends to us may be restricted in the future.
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Cyber-attacks and security vulnerabilities could result in serious harm to our reputation, business, and financial condition.
Threats to network and data security are constantly evolving and becoming increasingly diverse and sophisticated. Our products and services, as well as our servers and computer systems and those of third parties that we rely on, are subject to cybersecurity risks inherent to companies that process personal data. An increasing number of organizations have disclosed breaches of their information security systems, some of which have involved sophisticated and highly targeted attacks.
We were informed, in July of 2025, by the representative of the underwriters in our IPO which was closed in December 2025 (“Representative”) that it had suffered a cybersecurity incident and specifically a ransomware incident, which has resulted in unauthorized access to some of the Representative’s systems and data, and the exfiltration of certain data from the Representative’s systems as well. Based on information currently available to the Representative regarding the incident, the Representative believes that confidential information regarding the Company that we had provided to the Representative in connection with its due diligence for our IPO was included in the data that was exfiltrated. The Representative has also informed us that it does not have any evidence that this data has been publicly posted or otherwise misused by the threat actors at this time. The incident has not impacted our business operations and we do not expect the incident to impact our business operations in the future, as it did not involve unauthorized access to our systems or third-party systems that we use in our business operations. While we believe that any material data regarding the Company that was exfiltrated was reflected in our prospectus and the registration statement of which the prospectus was a part, and therefore was publicly available, we could be subject to liability risks to the extent the data consists of sensitive information about our officers, directors, personnel, contractors, customers, suppliers or vendors. We believe that any such risk is manageable and can be absorbed and addressed by our existing cybersecurity policies, procedures, and controls.
To that end, we employ robust security to defend against intrusion and attack of our systems, to protect our data and to resolve and mitigate the impact of any incidents. We also regularly educate our employees on these risks, and provide training to them to learn how to identify and respond to the same. Like most companies today, despite these efforts there is no way to fully remove the possibility of a cybersecurity incident from occurring and we, and third parties that we rely on, will likely experience cyber incidents in the future. Thus, in addition to the identified risk above, any additional future cyber incidents and resulting data breaches could result in substantial liability, regulatory actions, financial penalties, significant out of pocket costs, damage to our data and ability to do business, and reputational harm.
We and third parties that we rely on may experience cybersecurity incidents due to human error, malfeasance, system errors or vulnerabilities, or other issues. Actual or perceived cybersecurity incidents relating to our data or confidential information could subject us to regulatory investigations and orders, litigation, indemnity obligations, damages, penalties, fines and other costs in connection with actual and alleged contractual breaches, violations of applicable laws and regulations and other liabilities. Any such incident could also materially damage our reputation and harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. We maintain errors, omissions, and cyber liability insurance policies covering certain security and privacy damages. However, we cannot be certain that our coverage will always be adequate for the liabilities actually incurred or that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, especially depending on the facts of the situation and method of incident.
It may be difficult for you to enforce any judgment obtained in the United States against us, our Directors, Executive Officers or our affiliates.
We are a company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. We conduct our operations outside the United States and, except for certain of our investments, substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, all of our Directors and Executive Officers reside outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult to enforce in the United States any judgment obtained in the United States against us or any of these persons, including judgments based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. securities laws. In addition, in original actions brought in courts in jurisdictions located outside the United States, it may be difficult for investors to enforce liabilities based upon U.S. securities laws.
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Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands, Singapore or other relevant jurisdiction may render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers.
Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the courts of the Cayman Islands, Singapore or other relevant jurisdiction would enforce against us, our Directors or our Executive Officers, judgments obtained in the United States which are predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States.
It is not certain if the Company will be classified as a Singapore tax resident.
Under the Singapore Income Tax Act, a company established outside Singapore but whose governing body, being the board of directors, usually exercises de facto control and management of its business in Singapore could be considered a tax resident in Singapore. However, such control and management of the business should not be deemed to be in Singapore if physical board meetings are conducted outside of Singapore. Where board resolutions are passed in the form of written consent signed by the directors each acting in their own jurisdictions, or where the board meetings are held by teleconference or videoconference, it is possible that the place of de facto control and management will be considered to be where the majority of the Board are located when they sign such consent or attend such conferences.
We believe that our Company, which is a Cayman Islands exempted company, is not a Singapore tax resident for Singapore income tax purposes. However, the tax residence status of our Company is subject to determination by the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (“IRAS”), and uncertainties remain with respect to the interpretation of the term “control and management” for the purposes of the Singapore Income Tax Act. If IRAS determines that our Company is a Singapore tax resident for Singapore income tax purposes, the portion of our Company’s single company income on an unconsolidated basis that is received or deemed by the Singapore Income Tax Act to be received in Singapore, where applicable, may be subject to Singapore income tax at the prevailing tax rate of 17% before applicable income tax exemptions or relief. If our Company is regarded as a Singapore tax resident, any dividends received or deemed received by our Company in Singapore from our subsidiary located in a foreign jurisdiction with a rate of income tax or tax of a similar nature of no more than 15% may generally be subject to additional Singapore income tax where there is no other applicable tax treaty between such foreign jurisdiction and Singapore. Income is considered to have been received in Singapore when it is: (i) remitted to, transmitted or brought into Singapore; (ii) applied in or towards satisfaction of any debt incurred in respect of a trade or business carried on in Singapore; or (iii) applied to purchase any movable property that is brought into Singapore. In addition, as Singapore does not impose withholding tax on dividends declared by Singapore resident companies, if our Company is considered a Singapore tax resident, dividends paid to the holders of our Shares will not be subject to withholding tax in Singapore. Regardless of whether or not our Company is regarded as a Singapore tax resident, holders of our Shares who are not Singapore tax residents would generally not be subject to Singapore income tax on gains derived from the disposal of our Shares if such shareholders do not maintain a permanent establishment in Singapore, to which the disposition gains may be effectively connected, and the entire process (including the negotiation, deliberation, execution of the acquisition and sale, etc.) leading up to the actual acquisition and sale of our Shares is performed outside of Singapore. For Singapore resident shareholders, if the gain from disposal of our Shares is considered by IRAS as income in nature, such gain will generally be subject to Singapore income tax. However, if the gain from disposal of our Shares is considered by IRAS as capital gains in nature, such gain will not be taxable in Singapore. Please refer to the section titled “Item 10. Additional Information – E. Taxation —Certain Singapore Tax Considerations” in this annual report.
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Risks Related to our Class A Ordinary Shares
An active trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares may not be established or, if established, may not continue and the trading price for our Class A Ordinary Shares may fluctuate significantly.
We cannot assure you that a liquid public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares will be established or, if established, will continue. If an active public market for our Class A Ordinary Shares does not continue, the market price and liquidity of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be materially and adversely affected. As a result, investors in our Class A Ordinary Shares may experience a significant decrease in the value of their shares.
Because of the terms of our Class A Ordinary Shares and the concentrated nature of the voting power in our shares, Our Class A Ordinary Shares are limited in voting power as compared to our Class B Ordinary Shares, which are owned by insiders.
Our Class A Ordinary Shares offered are entitled to one vote per share. Our Class B Ordinary Shares, which are held by insiders, are entitled to ten votes per share. Additionally, as of date of this annual report, approximately 86.4% of the total voting power of our issued and outstanding share capital is held by three individuals. As a result, your voting power may be significantly limited.
We may not maintain the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the NYSE American which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our Class A Ordinary Shares and subject us to additional trading restrictions.
Our Class A Ordinary Shares are listed on the NYSE American. In order to continue listing our shares on the NYSE American, we must maintain certain financial and share price levels and we may be unable to meet these requirements in the future. We cannot assure you that our shares will continue to be listed on the NYSE American in the future.
If the NYSE American delists our Class A Ordinary Shares and we are unable to list our shares on another national securities exchange, we expect our shares could be quoted on an over-the-counter market in the United States. If this were to occur, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:
| ● | a limited availability of market quotations for our Class A Ordinary Shares; |
| ● | reduced liquidity for our Class A Ordinary Shares; |
| ● | a determination that our Class A Ordinary Shares are “penny stock”, which will require brokers trading in our shares to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares; |
| ● | a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and |
| ● | a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future. |
As long as our Class A Ordinary Shares are listed on the NYSE American, U.S. federal law prevents or pre-empts the states from regulating their sale. However, the law does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar their sale. Further, if we were no longer listed on the NYSE American, we would be subject to regulations in each state in which we offer our shares.
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The trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors.
The trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be volatile and could fluctuate widely due to factors beyond our control. This may happen because of the broad market and industry factors, like the performance and fluctuation of the market prices of other companies with business operations located mainly in Singapore that have listed their securities in the United States. In addition to market and industry factors, the price and trading volume for our shares may be highly volatile for factors specific to our own operations, including the following:
| ● | fluctuations in our operating results, including but not limited to, revenue, earnings and cash flow; |
| ● | changes in securities analysists’ recommendations, perceptions or financial estimates by securities analysts; |
| ● | additions or departures of key personnel; |
| ● | failure of our management in implementing business and growth strategies; |
| ● | changes in conditions affecting the industry, the general economic conditions or stock market sentiments or other events or factors; |
| ● | negative publicity involving our Group, any of our Directors or Major Shareholders; |
| ● | release of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding equity securities or sales of additional equity securities; and |
| ● | potential litigation or regulatory investigations. |
Any of these factors may result in significant and sudden changes in the volume and price at which our shares will trade.
In the past, shareholders of public companies have often brought securities class action suits against those companies following periods of instability in the market price of their securities. If we were involved in a class action suit, it could divert a significant amount of our management’s attention and other resources from our business and operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit, which could harm our results of operations. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm our reputation and restrict our ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against us, we may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Companies with public floats comparable to our public float have experienced extreme volatility that was seemingly unrelated to the underlying performance of the respective company. We may experience similar volatility, which may make it difficult for prospective investors to assess the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
In addition to the risks addressed above in “The trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors,” our Class A Ordinary Shares may be subject to extreme volatility that is seemingly unrelated to the underlying performance of our business. Recently, companies with comparable public floats have experienced instances of extreme stock price run-ups followed by rapid price declines, and such stock price volatility was seemingly unrelated to the respective company’s underlying performance. Although the specific cause of such volatility is unclear, our public float may amplify the impact the actions taken by a few shareholders have on the price of our shares, which may cause our share price to deviate, potentially significantly, from a price that better reflects the underlying performance of our business. Should our Class A Ordinary Shares experience run-ups and declines that are seemingly unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance and financial condition or prospects, prospective investors may have difficulty assessing the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
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We intend to grant employee share options and other share-based awards in the future. We will recognize any share-based compensation expenses in our consolidated statements of profit or loss. Any additional grant of employee share options and other share-based awards in the future may have a material adverse effect on our results of operation.
We have adopted the SMJ Incentive Securities Plan 2025 on September 5, 2025, for the purpose of granting share-based compensation awards to our employees, directors and consultants to incentivize their performance and align their interests with ours. Under the SMJ Incentive Securities Plan 2025, the maximum aggregate number of Class A Ordinary Shares which may be issued or transferred pursuant to all awards (including incentive share options) is fifteen percent (15%) of the total number of issued and outstanding Shares.
As of the date of this report, no awards have been granted under the SMJ Incentive Securities Plan 2025. As a result of potential future grants, we expect to incur significant share-based compensation expenses in the future. The amount of these expenses is based on the fair value of the share-based awards. We account for compensation costs for all share options using a fair-value based method and recognize expenses in our consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The expenses associated with share-based compensation will decrease our profitability, perhaps materially, and the additional securities issued under share-based compensation plans will dilute the ownership interests of our shareholders. However, if we limit the scope of our share-based compensation plan, we may not be able to attract or retain key personnel who expect to be compensated by options.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they adversely change their recommendations regarding our Class A Ordinary Shares, the market price for our Class A Ordinary Shares and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares will be influenced by research or reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more analysts downgrade their assessment on our Class A Ordinary Shares or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the market price for our Class A Ordinary Shares would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease to cover us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, or if these securities analysts are not widely respected within the general investment community, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the market price or trading volume for our Class A Ordinary Shares to decline.
Short selling may drive down the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
Short selling is the practice of selling shares that the seller does not own but rather has borrowed from a third party with the intention of buying identical shares back at a later date to return to the lender. The short seller hopes to profit from a decline in the value of the shares between the sale of the borrowed shares and the purchase of the replacement shares, as the short seller expects to pay less in that purchase than it received in the sale. As it is in the short seller’s interest for the price of the shares to decline, many short sellers publish, or arrange for the publication of, negative opinions and allegations regarding the relevant issuer and its business prospects in order to create negative market momentum and generate profits for themselves after selling the shares short. These short attacks have, in the past, led to selling of shares in the market. If we were to become the subject of any unfavorable publicity, whether such allegations are proven to be true or untrue, we would have to expend a significant amount of resources to investigate such allegations and/or defend ourselves. While we would strongly defend against any such short seller attacks, we may be constrained in the manner in which we can proceed against the relevant short seller by principles of freedom of speech, applicable state law or issues of commercial confidentiality.
You must rely on the judgment of our management as to the uses of the net proceeds from our recent IPO, and such uses may not produce income or increase our share price.
We plan to use the net proceeds of our recent IPO primarily for (i) our inventory stocking program; (ii) strategic acquisitions and investments; (iii) strengthening and expanding our sale and distribution networks; and (iv) general corporate purposes and working capital. Please see section titled “Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds” for further information. However, our management will have considerable discretion in the application of the net proceeds received by us in our recent IPO. You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether proceeds are being used appropriately. The net proceeds may be used for corporate purposes that do not improve our efforts to achieve or maintain profitability or increase our share price. The net proceeds from our recent IPO may be placed in investments that do not produce income or that lose value.
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There can be no assurance that we will not be a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. investors who own our securities.
We are a non-U.S. corporation and, as such, we will be classified as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for any taxable year if, for such year, either:
| ● | at least 75% of our gross income for the year is passive income; or |
| ● | the average percentage of our assets (determined at the end of each quarter) during the taxable year that produced passive income or that are held for the production of passive income is at least 50%. |
Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, rents, royalties (other than rents or royalties derived from the active conduct of a trade or business) and gains from the disposition of passive assets.
Based on the current and projected composition of our income and assets, and the expected value of our assets, including goodwill, we do not expect to be a PFIC for the current taxable year. However, because PFIC status is determined on an annual basis, and therefore our PFIC status for the current taxable year and any future taxable year will depend upon the future composition of our income and assets, there can be no assurance that we will not be a PFIC for any taxable year. If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. investor holds Class A Ordinary Shares, we generally would continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to that U.S. investor for all succeeding years during which the U.S. investor holds such Class A Ordinary Shares, even if we ceased to meet the threshold requirements for PFIC status. In such case, such a U.S. investor generally will be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, including (i) the treatment of all or a portion of any gain on disposition as ordinary income, (ii) the application of a deferred interest charge on such gain and the receipt of certain dividends and (iii) compliance with certain reporting requirements. We do not intend to provide the information that would enable investors to make a qualified electing fund election that could mitigate the adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences should we be a PFIC. You are urged to consult your tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of Class A Ordinary Shares if we are to become classified as a PFIC.
We treat our affiliated entities as being owned by us for United States federal income tax purposes, not only because we exercise effective control over the operation of such entities but also because we are entitled to substantially all of their economic benefits, and, as a result, we consolidate their operating results in our consolidated financial statements. For purposes of the PFIC analysis, in general, a non-U.S. corporation is deemed to own its pro rata share of the gross income and assets of any entity in which it is considered to own at least 25% of the equity by value.
For a more detailed discussion of the application of the PFIC rules to us and the consequences to U.S. taxpayers if we were determined to be a PFIC, see section titled “Item 10. Additional Information – E. Taxation – Certain Singapore Tax Considerations”.
We are an emerging growth company within the meaning of the Securities Act and may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements.
We are an “emerging growth company”, as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, most significantly, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for so long as we are an emerging growth company. As a result, if we elect not to comply with such auditor attestation requirements, our investors may not have access to certain information they may deem important.
In addition, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts an emerging growth company from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until such date that a private company is otherwise required to comply with such new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period, although we have already adopted certain new and revised accounting standards based on transition guidance permitted under such standards. As a result of this election, our future financial statements may not be comparable to other public companies that comply with the public company effective dates for these new or revised accounting standards, which may make our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive to investors. In addition, if we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will no longer be able to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards.
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We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the Exchange Act, and as such we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to United States domestic public companies.
Because we are a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions of the securities rules and regulations in the United States that are applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, including:
| ● | the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K with the SEC; |
| ● | the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; |
| ● | the sections of the Exchange Act subjecting insiders to liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and |
| ● | the selective disclosure rules by issuers of material non-public information under Regulation FD. |
We will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four (4) months after the end of each fiscal year. In addition, we intend to publish our financial results on a semi-annual basis through press releases distributed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the NYSE American. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely compared to that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protections or information that would be made available to you if you were investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.
The determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last Business Day of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and, accordingly, the next determination will be made with respect to us on March 31, 2026. In the future, we would lose our foreign private issuer status if more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities become directly or indirectly held of record by U.S. holders and any one of the following is true: (i) the majority of our directors or executive officers are U.S. citizens or residents; (ii) more than 50% of our assets are located in the United States; or (iii) our business is administered principally in the United States. If we lose our foreign private issuer status, we will be required to file with the SEC periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic issuer forms, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. We will also have to comply with U.S. federal proxy requirements, and our officers, Directors and 10% shareholders will become subject to the short-swing profit disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will lose our ability to rely upon exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements under the listing rules of the NYSE American. As a U.S. listed public company that is not a foreign private issuer, we will incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses that we will not incur as a foreign private issuer.
As an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from corporate governance listing standards of the NYSE American.
As an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from NYSE American corporate governance listing requirements. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with corporate governance listing requirements of the NYSE American. We rely on home country practice to be exempted from certain NYSE American corporate governance requirements, namely (i) there is no requirement for our Company to obtain shareholder approval prior to an issuance of securities in connection with (a) the acquisition of stock or assets of another company; (b) equity-based compensation of officers, directors, employees or consultants: (c) a change of control; and (d) transactions other than public offerings; (ii) we do not have a board of directors made up of a majority of independent directors; (iii) we do not have a compensation committee or nominating and corporate governance committee; (iv) our director nominees will not be selected or recommended for selection by a majority of the independent directors and (v) our chief executive officer’s compensation will not be determined or recommended by a majority of the independent directors.
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We will incur significantly increased costs and devote substantial management time as a result of the listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on NYSE American.
We are required to comply with the additional requirements of the rules and regulations of the SEC and NYSE American rules, including applicable corporate governance practices. We expect that compliance with these requirements will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. In addition, we expect that our management and other personnel will need to divert attention from operational and other business matters to devote substantial time to these public company requirements. We cannot predict or estimate the number of additional costs we may incur as a public company.
In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time-consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidelines are provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to their application and practice, regulatory authorities may also initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be adversely affected.
Some members of our management team have limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies. Our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage the Company as a public company subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under the federal securities laws and regulations and the continuous scrutiny of securities analysts and investors. The need to maintain the corporate infrastructure demanded of a public company may divert the management’s attention from implementing our growth strategy, which could prevent us from improving our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, we expect these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and consequently we may be required to incur substantial costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. These additional obligations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee and qualified executive officers.
As a result of disclosure of information in this annual report and in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition is more visible than private companies, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be adversely affected, and, even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could cause an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, prospects and reputation.
You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under Cayman Islands law.
We are an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands with limited liability, and conduct all of our operations through our subsidiary, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd., outside the United States. All of our assets are located, and our officers and directors reside, and the assets of such persons are located, outside the United States. As a result, it could be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against us or against these individuals outside of the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed upon under the applicable securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands and Singapore could render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers.
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In addition, our corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, the Companies Act and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action against our Directors and us, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our Directors to us under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from the common law of England and Wales, which are generally of persuasive authority, but are not binding, on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our Directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a different body of securities laws than the United States, and provide significantly less protection to investors. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have the standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States. There is no statutory recognition in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the Cayman Islands will generally recognize and enforce a non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits.
Shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies like us have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records (other than the memorandum and articles of association, a list of the current directors of the company, the register of mortgages and charges and any special resolutions passed by our shareholders) or to obtain copies of lists of shareholders of these companies. Our Directors are not required under our memorandum and articles of association to make our corporate records available for inspection by our shareholders. This may make it more difficult for you to obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder resolution or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.
The courts of the Cayman Islands are unlikely (i) to recognize or enforce judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or any state securities laws; and (ii) in original actions brought in the Cayman Islands, to impose liabilities predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or any state securities laws, so far as the liabilities imposed by those provisions are penal in nature. In those circumstances, although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, the courts of the Cayman Islands will recognize and enforce a foreign money judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits based on the principle that a judgment of a competent foreign court imposes upon the judgment debtor an obligation to pay the sum for which judgment has been given provided certain conditions are met. For a foreign judgment to be enforced in the Cayman Islands, such judgment must be final and conclusive and for a liquidated sum, and must not be in respect of taxes or a fine or penalty, inconsistent with a Cayman Islands judgment in respect of the same matter, impeachable on the grounds of fraud or obtained in a manner, or be of a kind the enforcement of which is, contrary to natural justice or the public policy of the Cayman Islands (awards of punitive or multiple damages may well be held to be contrary to public policy). A Cayman Islands Court may stay enforcement proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere.
Certain corporate governance practices in the Cayman Islands, which is our home country, differ significantly from requirements for companies incorporated in other jurisdictions such as the United States. To the extent we choose to follow home country practice with respect to corporate governance matters, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under rules and regulations applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.
As a result of all of the above, our shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by our management or members of the Board than they would as shareholders of a company incorporated in a U.S. state. For a discussion of significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Act and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in a U.S. state and their shareholders.
Future issuance of shares by us and sale of shares by our existing shareholders may adversely affect the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.
In the event we issue or our shareholders sell substantial amounts of our shares in the public market, the price of our shares may be adversely affected. The sale of a significant number of shares in the public market, or the issue of further new securities by us, or the perception that such sales or issues may occur, could materially affect the market price of our shares. Such issues or sales may also make it difficult for us to issue new shares and raise the necessary funds in the future at a time and price we deem appropriate.
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Our dual-class voting structure will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any change of control transactions that holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares may view as beneficial.
Our authorized and issued ordinary shares have been divided into Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares are entitled to one vote per share, while holders of Class B Ordinary Shares are entitled to 10 votes per share. We issued Class A Ordinary Shares in our IPO. Each Class B Ordinary Share is convertible into one Class A Ordinary Share at any time by the holder thereof, while Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares under any circumstances. The holders of Class B Ordinary Shares have the ability to control matters requiring shareholders’ approval, including any amendment of our memorandum and articles of association and approval over any change of control transactions. Any conversions of Class B Ordinary Shares into Class A Ordinary Shares may dilute the percentage ownership of the existing holders of Class A Ordinary Shares within their class of ordinary shares.
Mdm. Lui Oi Kheng and our Executive Directors, namely, Ms. Rena Ho, Ms. Nellie Ho and Ms. Rosie Lee, beneficially own all of our issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares. These Class B Ordinary Shares constitute approximately 46.1% of our total issued and outstanding share capital and approximately 89.5% of the aggregate voting power of our total issued and outstanding share capital as of the date of this annual report. As a result of the dual-class share structure and the concentration of ownership, holders of Class B Ordinary Shares have considerable influence over matters such as decisions regarding mergers and consolidations, election of directors and other significant corporate actions. Such holders may take actions that are not in the best interest of us or our other shareholders. This concentration of ownership may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our Company, which could have the effect of depriving our other shareholders of the opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our Company and may reduce the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. This concentrated control will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any potential merger, takeover or other change of control transactions that holders of Class A Ordinary Shares may view as beneficial.
You may experience dilution in your Class A Ordinary Shares.
We may, in the future, expand our capabilities and business through acquisitions, joint ventures and strategic partnerships with parties who can add value to our business. We may also require additional equity funding. If we choose to issue new Class A Ordinary Shares in order to finance future expansion, acquisitions, joint ventures and strategic partnerships, our shareholders will face dilution of their shareholdings.
In particular, if we offer, or cause to be offered to shareholders rights to subscribe for additional Class A Ordinary Shares or any right of any other nature, we will have discretion as to the procedure to be followed in making such rights available to shareholders, or in disposing of such rights for the benefit of such shareholders and making the net proceeds available to such shareholders such as in a private placement. If we choose to initiate a private placement in order to raise additional capital, our shareholders may face dilution of their shareholdings.
The conversion by the holders of Class B Ordinary Shares into Class A Ordinary Shares will result in a dilution of the percentage ownership of the existing holders of Class A Ordinary Shares within their class of ordinary shares.
Holders of Class B Ordinary Shares may convert each Class B Ordinary Share into one fully paid Class A Ordinary Share at any time. The right to convert is exercisable by the holder of the Class B Ordinary Share by delivering a written notice to our Company that such holder elects to convert a specified number of Class B Ordinary Shares into Class A Ordinary Shares. In no event shall Class A Ordinary Shares be convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares. In addition, upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
| ● | any sale, transfer, assignment or disposition of Class B Ordinary Shares by a holder thereof to any person which is not an affiliate of such holder; |
| ● | a change of beneficial ownership of any Class B Ordinary Share as a result of which any person who is not an affiliate of the holders of such ordinary shares becomes a beneficial owner of such ordinary shares; |
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| ● | the death of existing holder of Class B Ordinary Shares; or |
| ● | vacation of office of a director holding Class B Ordinary Shares, |
the Class B Ordinary Shares held by the relevant holder shall be automatically and immediately converted into an equal number of Class A Ordinary Shares. Accordingly, the conversion by any holder of Class B Ordinary Shares held by it into Class A Ordinary Shares will result in a dilution of the percentage ownership of the existing holders of Class A Ordinary Shares within their class of ordinary shares.
We may not be able to declare dividends in the future.
We are not legally or contractually required to pay dividends and any determination to pay dividends in the future will be entirely at the discretion of our Board, taking into consideration a number of factors including our level of cash and retained earnings, our financial performance, capital expenditure and expansion plans, working capital requirements and general financial condition, the ability of our subsidiaries to declare and pay dividends to our Company and any applicable restrictions and any other factors that our Board may deem relevant. Please see the section titled “Item 8. Financial Information – A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information - Dividend Policy” for further details.
Pursuant to the Companies Act, no dividends may be paid except out of profits or share premium, and provided that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in our Company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. Our ability to declare dividends to our shareholders in the future will be contingent on our future financial performance and distributable reserves of our Company. This is in turn dependent on our ability to implement our future plans, and on regulatory, competitive and technical factors and other factors such as general economic conditions, demand for flooring products and other factors exclusive to our industry, many of which are beyond our control. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business operations, prospects, financial position and results of operations, and hence there is no assurance that we will be able to pay dividends to our shareholders.
The receipt of dividends from our subsidiaries may also be affected by the passage of new laws, adoption of new regulations and other events outside our control, and our subsidiaries may not continue to meet the applicable legal and regulatory requirements for the payment of dividends in the future. Source withholding tax and exchange rate fluctuations may also apply to dividends and distributions from our subsidiaries to us. If our subsidiaries stop paying dividends or reduce the amount of the dividends they pay to our Company, or dividends become subject to increased tax because of changes in ownership of our subsidiaries or changes in tax laws or treaties, it would have an adverse effect on our ability to pay dividends on our Shares.
Further, in the event that we are required to enter into any loan arrangements with any financial institutions, covenants in the loan agreements may also limit when and how much dividends we can declare and pay out.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting, our ability to timely produce accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective system of disclosure controls and internal controls over our financial reporting. Our management is responsible for maintaining such controls to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. As our business grows and changes, we will need to continuously develop and refine our disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting. This process is expensive, time-consuming, and requires significant management attention. Furthermore, as we grow our business, our internal controls may become more complex and we may require significantly more resources to ensure they remain effective. Failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation could severely inhibit our ability to accurately report our financial condition, or results of operations and cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.
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In addition, as a public company in the United States, we will be required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, and once we cease to be an “emerging growth company”, we will be required to include an attestation report on internal controls over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm on an annual basis.
During our evaluation of our internal controls, if we or our independent registered public accounting firm identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, has defined a material weakness as “a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis”. Moreover, even if our management concludes that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, our independent registered public accounting firm, after conducting its own independent testing, may issue a report that is qualified if it is not satisfied with our internal controls or the level at which our controls are documented, designed, operated or reviewed, or if it interprets the relevant requirements differently from us. Therefore, we cannot assure you that there will not be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting in the future. The disclosure of material weaknesses in our internal controls, even if quickly remedied, may cause investors to lose confidence in our financial statements and the trading price of our Shares may decline.
Remediation of a material weakness could require us to incur significant expense and if we fail to remedy any material weakness, our financial statements may be inaccurate, our ability to report our financial results on a timely and accurate basis may be adversely affected, our access to the capital markets may be restricted, the trading price of our shares may decline, and we may be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities, including the SEC or NYSE. We may also be required to restate our financial statements from prior periods. In addition, as a public company, our reporting obligations may place a burden on our management, operational and financial resources and systems for the foreseeable future. We may be unable to timely complete our evaluation testing and any required remediation.
Therefore, if we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, as these standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404. Generally speaking, if we fail to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment, we could suffer material misstatements in our financial statements and fail to meet our reporting obligations, which would likely cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information. This could in turn limit our access to capital markets, harm our results of operations and lead to a decline in the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Additionally, ineffective internal control over financial reporting could expose us to increased risk of fraud, misuse of corporate assets and legal actions under the United States securities laws and subject us to potential delisting from the NYSE American to regulatory investigations and to civil or criminal sanctions.
Risks Related to Regulations and Litigation
We are subject to evolving laws, regulations, standards and policies, and any actual or perceived failure to comply could harm our brand and reputation, subject us to significant fines and liability, or otherwise adversely affect our business.
The laws, regulations, standards and policies governing our business and operations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. The application of these types of laws to our operations continues to be difficult to predict but could pose operational challenges for us in the future. Because laws vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, our services must be continually monitored for compliance with the various rules and requirements, which may change from time to time. Furthermore, the costs of compliance, including remediation of any discovered issues and any changes to our operations mandated by new or amended laws, may be significant, and any failures to comply could result in additional expenses, delays or fines. The applicable laws, regulations, standards and policies relating to our business and operations in the different jurisdictions in which our customers are located in continue to rapidly change, which increases the likelihood of a patchwork of complex or conflicting regulations, or which could adversely increase our compliance costs or otherwise materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects.
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We may be involved in certain legal proceedings from time to time. Any adverse decision in such proceedings may render us liable to liabilities and may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects.
We may be involved in legal proceedings from time to time. In addition to the related cost, managing and defending litigation can divert our management’s attention. We may also need to pay damages to settle claims with a substantial amount of cash. Any of these could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects.
Item 4. Information on the Company
A. History and Development of the Company
Corporate Information
We are an offshore holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. As a holding company with no material operations of our own, we conduct our operations through our operating company in Singapore, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. SMJ International Holdings Inc. wholly-owns the shares of SMJ Furnishings Inc., which wholly-owns the shares of SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd.
Our principal place of business is at 31 Jurong Port Road #02-20 Jurong Logistics Hub Singapore 619115 and our phone number is +65 62611212. Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is Harneys Fiduciary (Cayman) Limited, 4th Floor, Harbour Place, 103 South Church Street, P.O. Box 10240, Grand Cayman KY1-1002, Cayman Islands. Our agent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc. Our corporate website is https://smjf.com.sg. Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this annual report.
The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy, and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC using its EDGAR system.
For information regarding our principal capital expenditures, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Expenditures.”
Corporate History
Our Group’s history can be traced back to 1988 when our late founder, Mr. Peter Ho, founded the business to specialize in the supply and installation of carpet tiles and broadloom carpets in Singapore under our subsidiary SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. Since then, we have grown to become one of the leading premier flooring specialists that markets carpet tiles, broadloom carpets and luxury vinyl tiles under our proprietary “SMJ” brand in Asia. Through our continuous emphasis on quality products and services over the years, we have successfully developed an extensive distribution network of more than 20 countries and have positioned ourselves as a premier flooring specialist in Asia supplying high quality flooring products. Our corporate end-users today include private and government offices, business premises, educational institutions, banks, hospitals and hotels.
Recent Development
Initial Public Offering
On December 4, 2025, we completed our IPO on the NYSE American Market. In the offering, we sold 2,705,000 Class A Ordinary Shares at a public offering price of US$4.00 per Class A Share. We received gross proceeds of approximately US$10.8 million from the IPO, before deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses. Our Class A Ordinary Shares commenced trading on the NYSE American Market on December 4, 2025 under the ticker symbol “SMJF.”
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B. Business Overview
Our Business Overview
We strive to become a global eco-friendly premier flooring specialist.
With an established distribution network in more than 20 countries and a track record of over 35 years, we believe that we are one of the leading Singapore-based premier flooring specialists that has a well-established reputation and track records with the commercial and institutional sectors in Asia. We specialize in the sale and distribution of a wide range of premier flooring products such as carpet tiles, broadloom carpets and vinyl tiles under our proprietary brand known as “SMJ” in Singapore and over 20 countries mainly in Asia. These overseas markets include Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Hong Kong, PRC, Taiwan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei, India, Sri Lanka, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Maldives, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, Australia, Kuwait and the United Kingdom. To meet the increasing demand for green and eco-friendly materials in Asia, we also supply flooring products that have been certified as environmentally friendly to support government initiatives in promoting sustainable building practices in Asia.
As of the date of this annual report, our premier flooring products are mainly marketed through our extensive distribution network of more than 260 dealers, importers and installation companies that made at least one purchase in each of the 2025 and 2026 fiscal years. These customers usually make bulk purchases from us on wholesale basis and will in turn sell and distribute them primarily to a wide range of end-users in the commercial and institutional sectors including private and government offices, business premises, educational institutions, banks, hospitals, hotels and other premises. We also sell our flooring products to property developers of commercial buildings, professional firms such as architecture, interior design and renovation firms, and owners or tenants of commercial spaces. These customers may require us to provide professional installation services for renovation projects carried out in Singapore.
With our experienced in-house design team, we are able to meet with retailing market trends. We are also able to customize flooring products to meet specific customer requirements, including custom designs and colors to align with corporate branding or personal preferences. We usually place advance orders and import flooring products after taking into account the anticipated market demands. This provides us with a competitive advantage as we are able to fulfil orders within a significantly shorter timeframe, avoiding the extended lead times associated with the overseas production and shipment of flooring products to our customers.
We distinguish ourselves from competitors by maintaining a comprehensive inventory of flooring products in various designs and colors, readily available for sale from. Our head office and corporate showroom are located in Singapore at 31 Jurong Port Road, #02-20 Jurong Logistics Hub, Singapore 619115. We have a centralized warehousing facility located at 31 Jurong Port Road, #01-25/26/27/28/29/30 Jurong Logistics Hub, Singapore 619115 with a floor area of approximately 42,614 sq ft. We currently maintain approximately 80 different designs of flooring products in up to 400 different colors.
We also maintain a real-time inventory management system which is updated daily to allow us to check on the availability of our inventory and enable us to manage our stock level efficiently. Equipped with a good inventory management system, our turnaround time to fulfil our customers’ orders is greatly reduced, thereby allowing us to respond to our customers’ orders within the next working day (if the stocks are readily available). The short turnaround time from order to delivery is crucial as we serve the commercial and institutional sectors where our customers will have to complete flooring installation and renovation of their premises within a few weeks’ time of rent-free fitting out period.
Due to the wide variety of our flooring products stocks in different designs and colors and our ability to fulfil orders within a short turnaround time without the need to wait for the manufacturing process, we gain a competitive edge over our peers in the marketplace. When placing orders with us, overseas customers have the flexibility to select a diverse range of designs and colors in varying quantities from our available stock. This enables the consolidation of multiple products into a single shipment, maximizing efficiency and minimizing shipping costs. This also enables us to meet our customers’ requirements efficiently, avoiding the extended timelines typically required for the production and shipment of such flooring products from overseas. Our commitment to service quality, efficiency, reliability, and competitive pricing has solidified our position in the market. With our ready stock of products, we are able to cater to our clients’ fast paced projects.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, our revenue was approximately S$17.4 million, which represents an increase of approximately S$0.6 million from our revenue of approximately S$16.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025, while net loss for the financial year ended March 31, 2026 was approximately S$0.9 million, representing a decrease of approximately S$1.9 million from our net income of approximately S$1.0 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025. We derived approximately 52.8% and 48.6% of our revenue from Singapore market for the financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively. The balance of our revenue is derived from overseas markets.
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COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS
Our Directors believe that the following are our Group’s competitive strengths that have contributed to our success in the commercial flooring industry:
| 1. | We are able to provide wide selection of flooring products and fulfil customers’ order within short turnaround time. |
Commercial and institutional customers usually want to complete their renovation works within a short time frame. Therefore, we believe that our ability to provide a wide selection of flooring products and to quickly complete our customers’ orders are key factors to our success. To date, we have established a large warehouse located in Singapore of approximately 42,614 sq. ft. and an inventory stocking program with suppliers in PRC and Thailand to cater to our customers’ needs. Such inventory stocking program has allowed us to be more responsive to customer needs and requirements, and to allow us to enjoy greater cost savings to maintain our competitiveness.
We also maintain a real-time inventory management system which is updated daily to allow us to check on the availability of our stocks and enable us to manage our stock level efficiently. Equipped with a good inventory management system, our turnaround time to fulfil our customers’ orders is greatly reduced, thereby allowing us to respond to our customers’ orders within the next working day (if the stocks are available in our warehouse) and giving us a competitive edge over our competitors. The short turnaround time from order to delivery is crucial as we serve the commercial and institutional sectors where our customers will have to complete installation of flooring and renovation of their premises within a few weeks of rent-free fitting out period.
| 2. | We have an established reputation and strong track record of more than 35 years, demonstrating flexibility and adaptability to evolving market trends. |
We have an established reputation and strong track record of more than 35 years in the flooring industry. We believe that we have built up a resilient business model, which is able to withstand the fast-changing nature of the flooring industry, as reflected in our ability to maintain a consistent track record of profitability. Over the years, we believe that we have gained the trust of our customers and have established ourselves as one of the leading players in this industry in Asia, through consistently providing our customers with high quality products and services. We believe that this has enabled us to build close and long-standing relationships with our customers and end-users, which include multi-national corporations and institutions, such as the Ministry of Defence of Singapore, Housing Development Board of Singapore, Singapore Stock Exchange, Immigration Authority of Singapore, AIA, Development Bank of Singapore (DBS Bank), Shopee, WeWork and Justco Group of companies.
In addition, our long operating history has also demonstrated our flexibility and adaptability to evolving market trends in the fast-changing flooring industry. To this end, we have developed new product range to cater to the recent trend towards sustainable, eco-friendly and aesthetically pleasing flooring products. With our established reputation and track record and our ability to adapt to evolving trends and consumer demands, we believe that we are well-positioned to capture opportunities arising from the increasing demand for environmentally friendly flooring solutions.
| 3. | Our proprietary “SMJ” brand of carpets is well-recognized in Singapore and overseas markets, establishing a regional footprint. |
We started marketing and distributing our proprietary brand of carpets under “SMJ” since 1996 and have been actively developing our export sales business to the overseas markets for more than 15 years. Our proprietary “SMJ” brand has become well-recognized within the flooring industry in both Singapore and overseas for quality and reliability. Over the years, we have exported our proprietary “SMJ” brand of flooring products to more than 20 overseas markets and this is a testament of our proprietary “SMJ” brand recognition in overseas markets. We believe that our established branding and market-leading position foster brand loyalty among our customers and has enabled us to cement our position as a well-known premier flooring specialist in Asia.
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| 4. | We have a well-established and robust regional supply chain. |
We have established long-term working relationships with third-party manufacturers in Asia, majority of them have been working with our Group for over 10 years on average. Over the years of co-operation, they have developed the competency to manufacture and supply our proprietary “SMJ” brand of flooring products that meet our quality requirements at competitive price within a short turnaround time. Such capability has enabled us to stay competitive as we are able to offer customized flooring product according to the preference of our customers.
Through our strong working relationships with our third-party manufacturers, we are also able to collaborate closely with their research and design team to enable us to introduce unique and innovative designs in our flooring products in anticipation of market trends and changing consumer tastes. Such arrangement has helped to broaden our product offerings to keep up with the ever-changing market trends and to enhance our competitiveness.
| 5. | We have a committed and highly experience management team, with deep insights into the flooring industry, who have been instrumental in building up our Group’s brand and reputation regionally. |
Our Group is led by a committed management team with extensive knowledge and experience in the flooring industry. Each member of our management team has vast experience in their respective fields of expertise, majority of them have also been with our Group for more than 20 years. They are highly familiar with our business and understands our customers’ needs and requirements and have been instrumental in building up our Group’s brand and reputation regionally.
We believe our management team’s in-depth product and industry knowledge, coupled with strong management capabilities, business network, and ability to identify market trends and new business opportunities have contributed significantly to the growth of our Group and are vital to our continued growth and future development. We also benefited from their ability to develop strong business relationship with our customers and suppliers and their commitment has been one of the key factors to our success and a competitive edge that we are well-positioned to leverage on for the continued growth of our Group.
OUR PRODUCTS AND BUSINESS PROCESS
Our Products
We specialize in the sale and distribution of flooring products under our proprietary “SMJ” brand, offering a diverse range of designs and colors. Our range of flooring products includes carpet tiles, broadloom carpets and luxury vinyl tiles. Our Singapore warehouse currently maintains approximately 80 different designs of flooring products in up to 400 different colors.
Our well-established regional supply chain allows us to produce our proprietary “SMJ” brand of flooring products tailored to our specific designs, colors, and specifications. These products are marketed and sold under our proprietary “SMJ” brand. The flooring products that we sell and distribute comprise the following:
| ● | Carpet Tiles and Broadloom Carpets. Broadloom carpets are carpets that are tufted on a very wide loom, whereas carpet tiles are pieces of carpets that come in either square or rectangular tiles. The carpet industry primarily uses two types of yarn: nylon and polypropylene. Nylon carpets are more widely used due to their excellent wear characteristics. Polypropylene carpets are less durable as compared to nylon carpets and are catered for end-users which have a lower budget. Most of the carpets that we sell and distribute are of premium quality, enabling us to market ourselves as a premier carpet specialist. |
| ● | Luxury Vinyl Tiles. They are mainly made of polyvinyl chloride. Vinyl tiles comes in the form of planks and tiles that are generally made to replicate natural hardwood or ceramic tile flooring. Luxury vinyl tiles typically have a rigid construction. They typically include multiple layers, realistic 3D printing, a tough wear layer, and sometimes, a textured surface. |
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Both carpets and vinyl tiles are commonly used as preferred floor coverings and furnishings for commercial use for the following reasons, inter alia:
| 1. | It provides acoustic effect and helps to reduce noise in the enclosed areas, which is suitable for public and the office environment in the financial institutions, hotels, airports and hospitals. |
| 2. | It can be easily installed, maintained and replaced. |
| 3. | It is available in a variety of designs and colors. It is convenient for users as it allows under cabling access for installation of electrical power points, when installed over raised floor systems. |
We are able to supply flooring products which have been certified as environmentally friendly products with green label certification. This is to meet the increasing trend of projects requiring green and eco-friendly products in line with the government initiatives to promote “green” or resource efficient buildings in Singapore. To meet the environmentally friendly requirements, the flooring products and the adhesives used on them must, inter alia, have low emissions of volatile organic compounds (commonly known as VOC) to help improve indoor air quality, which is in turn determined by the raw materials (such as the fibers, dyes and colorants) used in the manufacture of such flooring products.
Our Notable Projects
In the last two financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026 and up to the date of this annual report, we have been awarded contracts for the sales and distribution of flooring products for the following notable projects:
| Customer | Project Location | Year of Completion |
Area (sq ft) | |||||
| Housing Development Board | Various location in Singapore | 2024 | 90,418 | |||||
| Ministry of Defence @ Hillview | Hillview Singapore | 2024 | 163,581 | |||||
| Singapore Stock Exchange | SGX Centre, Singapore | 2024 | 105,743 | |||||
| Immigration Authority of Singapore | ICA Building, Singapore | 2024 | 330,563 | |||||
| Conduent Philippines | Manila, Philippines | 2025 | 74,325 | |||||
| Bank Negara Indonesia | Jakarta, Indonesia | 2025 | 67,899 | |||||
| Shopee Indonesia | Jakarta, Indonesia | 2025 | 134,651 | |||||
| Justco Japan | Tokyo, Japan | 2025 | 17,640 | |||||
| Justco Thailand | Bangkok, Thailand | 2025 | 21,481 | |||||
| Housing & Development Board – Singapore | HDB Hub L4 & 16 | Oct-25 | 78,147 | |||||
| Nasdaq Office – Singapore | Collyer Quay L24 | Dec-25 | 5,860 | |||||
| DBS Bank Ltd – Singapore | DBS Academy @ Changi Biz Park | Dec 2025-Mar 2026 | 32,421 | |||||
| Accenture – Philippines | Manila CP3 (phase 1) | Jan-26 | 80,182 | |||||
| Accenture – Philippines | Manila CP3 (phase 2) | Jan-26 | 99,707 | |||||
| Urban Redevelopment Authority – Singapore | URA Centre @ Maxwell | Feb-26 | 166,046 | |||||
| K-Line Shipping – Singapore | Keppel South Central L22 | Apr-26 | 13,527 | |||||
| Bali International Airport – Indonesia | Bali Airport | Apr-26 | 37,288 | |||||
| T-Mobile – India | Hyderabad | Apr-26 | 101,989 | |||||
| Accenture – Philippines | Manila (Ebloc2 – L14, L15) | Apr-26 | 39,169 | |||||
| Credit Agricole Bank – Singapore | Pasir Panjang L3 | May-26 | 51,820 | |||||
| Jaguar Land Rover – India | Chennai | May-26 | 86,112 | |||||
| Antara Genting Hotel – Malaysia | Genting Guest Rooms | Jun-26 | 232,341 | |||||
| ASL Marine Holdings – Indonesia | Batam | Jun-26 | 37,922 | |||||
| Global Life Sciences – Singapore | Biopolis | Aug-26 | 19,602 | |||||
| Woodlands Evangelical Free Church – Singapore | Woodlands | Aug-26 | 11,034 | |||||
In each of the above projects, we were involved in the project planning stage assisting in the selection of suitable color and design of flooring products as furnishing, as well as, sales and distribution of flooring products at the project sites.
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OUR BUSINESS STRATEGIES AND FUTURE PLANS
Our business strategies and future plans for the growth and expansion of our businesses are as follows:
We intend to expand our inventory stocking program to drive business growth.
We believe that our ability to provide a wide selection of flooring products and to quickly complete our customers’ orders are key factors to our success. To date, we have established a large warehouse located in Singapore of approximately 42,614 sq. ft. and an inventory stocking program with suppliers in PRC and Thailand to cater to our customers’ needs. Such inventory stocking program allows us to quickly respond to our customers’ needs while saving costs. As we expand our geographic coverage, we intend to roll out similar inventory stocking programs to our regional distributors so that we can continue to quickly fill customers’ orders, which is crucial to our customers mainly in the commercial and institutional sectors.
We intend to strengthen and expand our geographical coverage.
According to Grand View Research, the Asia-Pacific flooring market was valued at approximately US$ 127.6 billion as of 2023, and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.0% from 2024 to 2030. This growth is driven mainly by the increasing demand for aesthetically pleasing, durable, and easy-to-maintain flooring products, as well as the overall growth in the construction industry in countries like PRC, India, Indonesia, and Vietnam.(1)
As an established premier commercial flooring specialists, we have distributed our proprietary “SMJ” brand of flooring products through our extensive distribution networks of more than 260 dealers, importers and installation companies in over 20 countries mainly in Asia, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Hong Kong, PRC, Taiwan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei, India, Sri Lanka, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Maldives, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, Australia, Kuwait and United Kingdom that made at least one purchase in each of the 2025 and 2026 fiscal years. We intend to strengthen and expand our Asia presence and beyond by expanding our sales and marketing teams and/or seeking investments, mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures and/or strategic collaborations with local partners to tap the opportunities in these markets. We believe that we can leverage on our established brand reputation and long-standing track record to extend our market presence globally.
We intend to continue to broaden our products and services offerings.
We believe that there is a growing trend towards sustainable and eco-friendly flooring materials in the commercial sector, which presents an opportunity for us to innovate and differentiate ourselves in the market. We intend to broaden our products and services offerings by enhancing product design and features, with emphasis on eco-friendliness and sustainability of our flooring products. By broadening our products and services offerings, there is potential in servicing the untapped market in the hospitality, healthcare and residential sectors.
In addition, we also see opportunity in offering products and services which are ancillary and complementary to our existing core business in the distribution of commercial flooring products, such as system office furniture, blinds and wall coverings. Such offering of new products and services will serve to create new revenue streams for our Group whilst leveraging on our existing sales and distribution networks. We aim to achieve greater success through the introduction of new products or services to stay ahead of the competition. We intend to search for opportunities to broaden our portfolio of products and services through investments, mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures and/or strategic collaborations. Depending on available opportunities, feasibility and market conditions, we may explore joint ventures, strategic alliances, acquisitions or investment opportunities with suitable partners in new and complementary businesses in order to expand our current business and/or complement our current and future business.
| 1 | https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/asia-pacific-flooring-market?form=MG0AV3 |
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SALES AND MARKETING
Our team in the sales and marketing department is organized into local and export sales. The local sales and marketing department is headed by Ms. Rena Ho, whereas the export sales and marketing department is led by Ms. Nellie Ho. They are assisted by our business director who manages the business development and execution of marketing strategies for the assigned markets and projects according to the prevailing needs of our Group from time to time. Our sales and marketing department is responsible for cultivating existing and developing new customers, managing the distribution network, as well as the collection of trade receivables as this is a factor in determining the amount of commission payable to them.
Our sales are carried out mainly through our network of more than 260 dealers, importers and installation companies in Singapore and over 20 countries mainly in Asia, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Hong Kong, PRC, Taiwan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei, India, Sri Lanka, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Maldives, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, Australia, Kuwait and United Kingdom that made at least one purchase in each of the 2025 and 2026 fiscal years. Through market surveys, internet research and referrals, we identify suitable dealers, importers and installation companies who can sell our products in their respective town or county of a certain overseas jurisdiction. We assist some of our key overseas customers by providing them with support on the technical aspects of our products as they pitch for new sales to their end-users. We also maintain regular contacts with architects and designers who are instrumental in recommending our products to their end-users in the course of their design and selection of suppliers and sub-contractors during their renovation and furnishings projects.
We constantly evaluate the market trends affecting the supply and demand of flooring products in our target markets in Asia. We also monitor the type of material, design and color used by manufacturers and suppliers around the world. In addition, our sales and marketing team will gather feedback from interior designers and architects from time to time to find out the latest market trends affecting interior furnishing. Such feedback will help our management in assessing prevailing market trends and demands and planning for our inventory stocking program and new product launch.
Whenever we launch a new range of flooring products under our proprietary “SMJ” brand, we will update our regular customers, including those operating overseas, on the unique features and specifications of such products. As we introduce and launch around eight to twelve new products over three to four times a year, this gives us ample opportunity to market and promote our proprietary “SMJ” brand of flooring products particularly to the Asian buyers of flooring products, and to maintain our business relationship with them on a regular basis.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
We strive to provide good quality flooring products and services in order to meet our customers’ expectations. To this end, we have implemented a quality management system which our Executive Director and COO, Ms. Rosie Lee, is responsible for.
To ensure the quality of the products that we supply, our Group also checks that our third-party manufacturers have proven track records in the production of high quality flooring products. We will visit their factories in their home countries regularly to ensure that our third-party manufacturers conform to their production processes.
In order to ensure that we maintain the supply of good quality flooring products on a consistent basis, our logistics department will conduct review and inspection of the incoming products for quality, specifications and defects in accordance to the requirements stated in the purchase contracts. Any product that fails our incoming inspection will be rejected and returned to our manufacturers for replacement or rectification. If faulty inventory is not returned due to shipping costs, our third-party manufacturer will provide a discount or credit note for our next order instead. Prior to delivery of the products to our customers, our logistics department performs outgoing inspection to ensure that products with the required specifications and quantities are packed and delivered to our customers.
There has not been any product return of a significant value during the Track Record Period.
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PRODUCT WARRANTY AND AFTER SALES SERVICE
All our flooring products are backed with the relevant manufacturer’s warranty for products manufactured by them. These warranties include dimensional stability and limited wear resistance. As an after-sales service, our team will assist our customers to register their particulars and project details with the relevant manufacturers, so that they can lodge their claims with the manufacturers should any issue arise over the flooring products purchased by them. In addition, we will assist our customers in processing their claims with the manufacturers should there be a potential claim on the manufacturer’s warranty due to manufacturing defects found in the flooring products purchased by them.
To the best of our knowledge, there has not been any claim on product warranty of a significant value during the Track Record Period.
MAJOR SUPPLIERS
We purchase our flooring products mainly from our regular suppliers, all of which are located in Thailand and the PRC. As we do not enter into long term or exclusive agreements with our regular suppliers, we retain the flexibility to evaluate and select new suppliers, based on their ability to provide us with the highest quality products at the most competitive pricing. Our suppliers normally grant us between 30 to 90 days credit terms for our purchases (or extended up to 180 days credit terms for purchase of newly introduced stocking items). However, we will make payment of the purchase value by way of telegraphic transfer in certain transactions to several of our suppliers before the shipment of the products or once the products have been shipped. We also use trust receipts from banks to settle payment to our suppliers. Our trust receipts typically have a maturity period of up to 120 days.
For the financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, our top supplier accounted for approximately 48.9% and 39.9% of our total purchases, respectively. Notwithstanding the high proportion of purchase from this supplier, we believe that we are not substantially dependent on this supplier as we are able to source for flooring products of comparable quality from alternative suppliers.
CREDIT MANAGEMENT
Account Receivables, net
We grant our customers up to 90 days’ credit terms. All our credit terms are recommended by our sales and marketing department after performing credit standing checks with an independent credit rating company and subject to the approval of our Executive Directors. We also perform periodic credit limit reviews of our customers. Factors taken into consideration will include the customer’s current financial strength, payment history, transaction volume and length of business relationship with the customer.
Our average turnover of account receivables during the Track Record Period were as follows:
| FY2025 | FY2026 | |||||||
| Account receivables, net (S$) | 1,123,801 | 2,020,209 | ||||||
| Account receivables turnover days (1) | 20.4 | 32.9 | ||||||
| (1) | Account receivables turnover days were determined based on the average of account receivables divided by the revenue for the financial year, then multiplied by 365 days. |
The account receivables aging schedule of our Group (based on the date of invoice) as of March 31, 2026 was as follows:
| Age of Account Receivables | Amount of Account Receivables (S$) |
Percentage of Account Receivables |
||||||
| Up to 90 days | 2,020,209 | 100 | % | |||||
| More than 90 days | N/A | N/A | ||||||
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Account Payables
Our suppliers normally grant us between 30 to 90 days credit terms for our purchases (or extended up to 180 days credit terms for purchase of newly introduced stocking items). However, we will make payment of the purchase value by way of telegraphic transfer in certain transactions to several of our suppliers before the shipment of the products or once the products have been shipped. We also use trust receipts from banks to settle payment to our suppliers. Our trust receipts typically have a maturity period of up to 120 days.
Our average account payables turnover during the Track Record Period were as follows:
| FY2025 | FY2026 | |||||||
| Account payables (S$) | 211,143 | 557,999 | ||||||
| Account payables turnover days (1) | 14.2 | 14.6 | ||||||
| (1) | Account payables turnover days were determined based on the average of account payables divided by the purchases for the financial year, then multiplied by 365 days. |
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
We do not have a research and development department. As such, we leverage on the research and design team of third-party manufacturers to assist us in the production of new designs and range of flooring products based on our ideas and concepts. Certain third-party manufacturers will produce a sample prototype for our evaluation and assessment before commercial production.
We constantly evaluate the market trends affecting the supply and demand of flooring products in our target markets in Asia. We also monitor the type of material, designs and colors used by manufacturers and suppliers from around the world. In addition, our sales and marketing team will gather feedback from interior designers and architects from time to time to find out the latest market trends affecting interior furnishing. Such feedback will help our management in assessing prevailing market trends and demands and planning for our inventory stocking program and new product launch.
Our senior management team works hand-in-hand with our design team, sales and marketing team and our regular third-party manufacturers to develop new range of flooring products for launch to the market. We have been introducing and launching around eight to twelve products with new designs, colors and/or specifications in terms of materials over three to four times a year during the past few years.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Trademark
Except as disclosed below, we do not own nor are we dependent on any registered trademark, patent or other intellectual property rights:
| Trademark | Application No. |
Registration Class |
Country of Registration |
Status | ||||
 |
T1312333Z | 27, 35 | Singapore | Registered (Renewed on 05 April 2023 and valid until 01 August 2033) |
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Note: The class of Specification of Goods and Services in Singapore is described as follows:
| ● | Class 27: Carpets; Carpet inlays; Carpet protectors; Carpeting; Floor tiles made of carpet; Handmade woollen carpets; Mat (carpet) tiles; Moquettes (carpets); Squares for use as carpets; Underlay for carpets; Carpet tiles; Broadloom carpets; Wall to wall carpets. |
| ● | Class 35: Export services, not being transport services; Import services, not being transport services; Retail services; Retailing of goods (by any means); Promotion of fairs for trade purposes; Provision of trade information; Trade promotional services. |
During the Track Record Period, our business or profitability is not materially dependent on any registered trademark, patent or other intellectual property rights. To the best of our knowledge, we are not aware of any third party infringing on our intellectual property rights.
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
Our inventory comprises carpet tiles, broadloom carpets, luxury vinyl tiles and flooring accessories. We manage our inventory based on the recent sales trend and make purchases based on our stocking program and indent requirements. In our stocking program, we acquire inventories of various flooring product designs and colors in anticipation of potential orders whereas we only make purchases for flooring products required for indent sales according to the specific requirements of our customers when there is a firm contract order from our customers.
We continuously monitor the development of the construction and renovation activities in the geographical areas we operate in, especially our primary market Singapore and in other Asian countries. Our sales and marketing team interacts consistently with our distributors, existing and potential customers to better understand markets’ requirements and preferences, which enable us to make efficient procurement decisions.
We apply weighted average costing for our inventory and conduct half yearly inventory counts in our warehouse. Our management conducts regular inventory reviews based on the different product designs and colors to assess our inventory level in order to better plan for replenishment and to manage inventory obsolescence risk.
Our average inventory turnover days during the Track Record Period were as follows:
| FY2025 | FY2026 | |||||||
| Inventories, net (S$) | 4,835,312 | 4,085,531 | ||||||
| Average inventory turnover days (1) | 161.8 | 142.6 | ||||||
| (1) | Average inventory turnover days were determined based on the average inventory balance divided by costs of revenue for the financial year, then multiplied by 365 days. |
Our management is of the opinion that the risk of inventory obsolescence is low due to the durable nature of our inventory and that inventory which we have kept for more than 36 months can still be sold. We review the inventory aging periodically and write-off inventory that is considered obsolete and slow moving in the line of our business.
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The write-off of inventory during the Track Record Period were as follows:
| FY2025 | FY2026 | |||||||
| Inventory write-off (S$) | - | - | ||||||
| As a percentage of PBT (%) | - | - |
LICENSES, PERMITS, APPROVALS AND CERTIFICATIONS
As of the date of this annual report, our Group holds the following licenses, permits, approvals and certifications which are material to our operations:
| Description of License / Permit / Approval / Certification | License / Reference number | Authority | Date of expiry | |||
| Building and Construction Authority (BCA) Contractors Registration (L3 under the workhead of SY06 – Finishing and Building Products) | BCA ID 87.1.9 | BCA | February 1, 2028 | |||
| BizSAFE Level 4 | E05746 | Workplace Safety and Health Council |
July 17, 2026
(Cert under Renewal) |
|||
| Certificate of Conformity for Product Certification Scheme SMJ Nylon Carpet Tiles (Tufted surface nylon fiber carpet flooring) | FSP-2023-1440 | SETSCO Services Pte Ltd | November 2, 2028 | |||
| Certificate of Conformity for Product Certification Scheme SMJ Vinyl Flooring (Wood grain surface flooring) | FSP-2023-1441 | SETSCO Services Pte Ltd | November 2, 2028 | |||
| Singapore Green Label (Carpet Tiles) | SMJ Carpet Tiles 039-017-2094 Environmentally Preferred Carpets | Singapore Environment Council | June 10, 2026 (Cert under Renewal) |
|||
| Singapore Green Label (Vinyl Tiles) | SMJ Luxury Vinyl Tiles 064-063-3742 Environmentally Preferred Flooring Products | Singapore Environment Council | October 6, 2026 | |||
| Singapore Green Building Product Certificate for Floor Finishes Carpet (SMJ Carpet Tiles) | SGBP 3404 | Singapore Green Building Product Certification Scheme |
July 21, 2026 (Cert under Renewal) |
As of the date of this annual report, none of the licenses which is material to the business and operations of our Group has been suspended or revoked. There are at present no facts or circumstances which would cause such licenses to be suspended or revoked or for any applications for, or for the renewal of, any of these licenses to be rejected by the relevant authorities. Other than disclosed above, our Group does not require any other governmental licenses, permits or approvals in respect of its operations apart from those pertaining to general business registration requirements.
Except as disclosed above, our Group does not require any other governmental licenses, permits or approvals in respect of its operations apart from those pertaining to general business registration requirements.
PRODUCTION FACILITY
As we work with third-party manufacturers to manufacture flooring products under our proprietary “SMJ” brand, we do not have any manufacturing or production facilities. As such, information indicating the production capacity and extent of utilization of production facilities is not applicable.
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PROPERTIES AND FIXED ASSETS
As of March 31, 2026, the net book value of our fixed assets comprising mainly motor vehicle of S$0.2 million.
Our Group currently leases the following properties:
| Location | Lessor | Usage | Approximate Gross Floor Area (sq ft) |
Tenure | Monthly Rental and Service Charge (excluding GST) |
|||||
| 31 Jurong Port Road, #01-25/26/27/28/29/30 Jurong Logistics Hub, Singapore 619115 |
HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Singapore) Limited (as trustee of Mapletree Logistics Trust) | Storage | 42,614 | Commencing from April 1, 2021 and ending on March 31, 2027 with an option to renew for a further term of three years from April 1, 2027. |
S$63,898.26 per month from April 1, 2025 and expiring on March 31, 2026.
S$66,036.12 per month from April 1, 2026 and expiring on March 31, 2027. |
|||||
| 31 Jurong Port Road, #02-20 Jurong Logistics Hub, Singapore 619115 |
HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Singapore) Limited (as trustee of Mapletree Logistics Trust) | Office | 5,113 | Commencing from April 1, 2024 to March 31, 2027 with an option to renew for a further term of three years |
S$6,749.75 per month from April 1, 2025 and expiring on March 31, 2026.
S$6,901.75 per month from April 1, 2026 and expiring on March 31, 2027. |
To the best of our Directors’ knowledge, there are no regulatory requirements or environmental issues that may materially affect our utilization of the above properties and fixed assets, save as disclosed under the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations”.
STAFF TRAINING
We recognize that our employees are an invaluable resource and that the competency and dedication of our employees have been instrumental to our continuous success in delivering quality products and services. Our training policy is to ensure that our employees are equipped with the essential skills and expertise for our business and have the right attitude and approach towards customer service. To this end, we have conducted seminars and courses for our employees in the areas of basic legal principles relating to commercial contract, sales and marketing, accounting, quality management and public relations. In addition, we organize orientation programs for new employees.
Employee performances are reviewed by their respective department heads to identify further training needs of each employee on an annual basis. The department head may also from time to time recommend appropriate training for our staff when suitable courses or seminars are conducted by external trainers. Some of such training include courses organized by BCI Asia Construction Information Pte Ltd.
During the Track Record Period, our expenses incurred in relation to staff training were not significant as most of the training was conducted in-house and consisted of on-the-job training.
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INSURANCE
Our Group has taken up, inter alia, the following insurance policies:
| (i) | Travel insurance for certain management staff; |
| (ii) | Hospitalisation and surgical insurance; |
| (iii) | Marine cargo insurance; |
| (iv) | Burglary and theft insurance; |
| (v) | Fire insurance; |
| (vi) | Public liability insurance; |
| (vii) | Work injury compensation insurance; |
| (viii) | Motor vehicle insurance; |
| (ix) | Cyber insurance; |
| (x) | D&O insurance; |
| (xi) | Group personal accident; and |
| (xii) | Industrial all-risk (including business interruption). |
Our Directors are of the view that the above insurance policies are adequate for our existing operations. Notwithstanding that we are insured against business interruption, significant damage to our operations, whether as a result of fire or other causes, may still have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position. Please refer to the section titled “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks related to our business and industry – Our insurance coverage may not be adequate” for more details. We will review our insurance coverage annually to ensure that our Group has sufficient insurance coverage.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Our Group is committed to contributing towards sustainable development and making a positive impact on local communities. As part of our on-going efforts towards sustainability, we supply flooring products which have been certified as environmentally friendly products with green label certification. This is to meet the increasing trend of projects requiring green and eco-friendly products in line with the government initiatives to promote “green” or resource efficient buildings in Singapore and Asia countries. To meet the environmentally friendly requirements, the flooring products and the adhesives used on them must, inter alia, have low emissions of volatile organic compounds (commonly known as VOC) to help improve indoor air quality, which is in turn determined by the raw materials (such as the fibers, dyes and colorants) used in the manufacture of such flooring products.
COMPETITION
We operate in a competitive environment and face competition from existing competitors as well as new market entrants. While our Directors recognize that the barriers to entry are not prohibitive in terms of capital investment, we believe that our competitive strengths, as set out in the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview– Competitive Strengths”, set us apart from our existing and potential competitors.
To the best of our knowledge, we regard “Interface Singapore Pte. Ltd.” as our key competitor for our local business taking into account the scale of its operations in Singapore and the competition we encountered when we pitched for the supply of similar range of products to potential customers.
In regard to our export business, we face competition from various flooring products manufacturers mainly operating in the PRC who sell directly to overseas markets and local dealers operating in our targeted overseas markets.
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Please also refer to the section titled “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks related to our business and industry – Our business may be affected by competition with existing industry players and new entrants”.
To the best of our knowledge, there are no published statistics or official sources of information with respect to industry statistics and the market shares of our Group and our competitors.
None of our Directors or Major Shareholders has any interest, direct or indirect, in any of the above competitors.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
To the best of our knowledge, there is no material litigation, arbitration or governmental proceeding currently pending against us or any members of our management team in their capacity as such.
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS
As our material business operations are conducted in Singapore, we are subject to the relevant laws and regulations of Singapore and may be affected by new laws, regulations and policies which may be introduced by the Singapore government from time to time. We have identified below the main laws and regulations (apart from those pertaining to general business requirements) that we anticipate may materially affect our operations, the relevant regulatory bodies and the licenses, permits and approvals typically required for the conduct of our business in Singapore. However, we believe that we comply with all these laws and regulations, and therefore none of them have materially affected the Company or operations in the past.
As of the date of this annual report, our Directors believe that we are not in breach of any laws or regulations applicable to our business operations that would materially affect our business operations, and our Group is in compliance with all the applicable laws and regulations that are material to our business operations. The Group may be subject to certain fines/penalties arising from its ordinary course of business from time to time.
Singapore
This section sets forth a summary of the most significant rules and regulations that affect our business activities in Singapore.
Our business operations are subject to the laws and regulations which are of general application in Singapore. The laws and regulations set out below are not exhaustive and are only intended to provide some general information to the investors and are neither designed nor intended to be a substitute for professional advice. Prospective investors should consult their own advisers regarding the implication of such laws and regulations.
Sale of Goods Act 1979
The Sale of Goods Act 1979 of Singapore (the “SGA”) is the main governing law in Singapore in relation to sale of goods. The SGA applies to any contract for the sale of goods. A contract for sale of goods is a contract by which the seller transfers or agrees to transfer the property in goods to the buyer for a money consideration, called the price. Section 14 of the SGA provides that where a seller sells goods in the course of a business, there is an implied condition that the goods supplied under the contract are of satisfactory quality, except that there is no such condition (i) as regards defects specifically drawn to the buyer’s attention before the contract is made; (ii) where the buyer examines the goods before the contract is made, as regards defects which the examination ought to reveal; or (iii) if the contract is a contract for sale by sample, defects which would have been apparent on a reasonable examination of the sample. For the purposes of the SGA, goods are of satisfactory quality if they meet the standard that a reasonable person would regard as satisfactory, taking account of any description of the goods, the price, and all other relevant circumstances. Breach of this implied provision, it being a condition of the contract, would entitle the buyer to terminate the agreement and take action against the seller in respect of any loss suffered.
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Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977
The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 of Singapore (the “UCTA”) generally regulates against unfair contract terms such as exclusion clauses and limitation of liability clauses in most consumer and standard form contracts. Amongst other things, the UCTA prohibits the exclusion or restriction of liability for death or personal injury caused by negligence in all contracts. It also prevents sellers/service providers from excluding or limiting their liability for a breach of contract, unless, in each case, the contract term satisfies the requirement of reasonableness (that is, the contract term must have been a fair and reasonable one to be included having regard to the circumstances which were, or ought reasonably to have been, known to or in the contemplation of the parties when the contract was made). Similarly, contract terms requiring the consumer to indemnify the supplier in respect of liability incurred by the supplier’s negligence or breach of contract are also prohibited unless they satisfy the requirement of reasonableness. The UCTA also circumscribes the limitation of liability in relation to certain implied terms in respect of goods purchased.
Misrepresentation Act 1967
The Misrepresentation Act 1967 of Singapore (the “Misrepresentation Act”) applies this requirement of “reasonableness” to terms which would exclude or restrict any liability to which a party to a contract may be subject by reason of any misrepresentation made by him before the contract was made, or any remedy available to another party to the contract by reason of such a misrepresentation. If the supplier is liable for fraudulent misrepresentation under the Misrepresentation Act, the Singapore Courts can award all losses flowing directly from the claimant’s reliance on the fraudulent misrepresentation, regardless of whether the loss was foreseeable. This measure of damages similarly applies if the supplier made a negligent misrepresentation to the claimant, unless the claimant had reasonable ground to believe, and did believe, that the facts represented were true.
Workplace Safety and Health Act
The Workplace Safety and Health Act 2006 of Singapore (the “WSHA”) is the principal legislation governing the safety, health and welfare of persons at work in workplaces. Among other things, the WSHA imposes a duty on every employer and every principal (which would include us) to take, so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures as are necessary to ensure the safety and health of its employees, and any contractor, any direct or indirect sub-contractor, and any employee employed by such contractor or sub-contractor, when at work. The general penalties for non-compliance with the WSHA include the imposition of fines up to the amount of S$500,000 in the case of a body corporate. Further or other penalties may apply in the case of repeat offences or specific offences under the WSHA or its subsidiary legislation.
Workplace Safety and Health (Risk Management) Regulations (“Risk Management Regulations”)
Pursuant to the Risk Management Regulations, employers and principal must in every workplace conduct a risk assessment in relation to the safety and health risks posed to any person who may be affected by his undertaking in the workplace, and take all reasonably practicable steps to eliminate any foreseeable risk to any person who may be affected by his undertaking in the workplace. Where it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate such risk, the employer or principal is required to implement reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk, such as substitution, engineering control, administrative control and provision and use of suitable personal protective equipment, and safe work procedures to control the risk. The employer and principal shall also take all reasonably practicable steps to ensure that any person in the workplace who may be exposed to a risk to his safety and health is informed of the nature of the risk involved, and any measure of safe work procedures implemented.
Work Injury Compensation Act
The Work Injury Compensation Act 2019 of Singapore (the “WICA”), which is regulated by the Ministry of Manpower (“MOM”), applies to all employees who are engaged under a contract of service or apprenticeship with an employer regardless of their level of earnings. The WICA does not cover self-employed persons or independent contractors. However, as the WICA provides that, where any person (referred to as the principal) in the course of or for the purpose of his trade or business contracts with any other person (referred to as the sub-contractor employer), the principal shall be liable to compensate those employees of the sub-contractor employer who were injured while employed in the execution of work for the principal. The WICA provides that if an employee dies or sustains injuries in a work-related accident or contracts occupational diseases in the course of the employment, the employer shall be liable to pay compensation in accordance with the provisions of the WICA. An injured employee is entitled to claim medical leave wages, medical expenses and lump sum compensation for permanent incapacity or death, subject to certain limits stipulated in the WICA.
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An employee who has suffered an injury arising out of and in the course of his employment can choose to either:
| ● | report the accident to his employer in order to submit a claim for compensation through the MOM without needing to prove fault or negligence on anyone’s part. There is a fixed formula in the WICA for the amount of compensation to be awarded; or |
| ● | commence legal proceedings to claim damages under common law against the employer for breach of duty or negligence. |
Damages under a common law claim are usually more than an award under the WICA and may include compensation for pain and suffering, loss of wages, medical expenses and any future loss of earnings. However, the employee must show that the employer has failed to provide a safe system of work, or breached a duty required by law or that the employer’s negligence caused the injury.
Under the WICA, every employer is required to insure and maintain under one or more approved employee insurance policies with one or more designated employer’s insurers against all liabilities that the employer may incur under the WICA in respect of every employee of the employer. Such liability includes personal injury suffered by an employee by an accident arising out of and in the course of his/her employment. Notably, section 24(2)(a) of the WICA read with Paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule of the Work Injury Compensation (Insurance) Regulations 2020 notes that Work Injury Compensation Insurance is mandated only for any employee doing manual work (regardless of salary level) and all employees doing non-manual work, earning a salary of S$2,600 or less a month (excluding any overtime pay, bonus pay, annual wage supplement, productivity incentive payment or allowance). Failure to provide adequate insurance is an offense carrying a fine of up to S$10,000 or imprisonment for a term of up to 12 months, or both. For further information on our Group’s insurance policies, please refer to the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Insurance”.
Singapore Companies Act
SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. is a private company limited by shares, incorporated and governed under the provisions of the Singapore Companies Act and its regulations. The Singapore Companies Act generally governs, amongst others, matters relating to the status, power and capacity of a company, shares and share capital of a company, including issuances of new shares, treasury shares, share buybacks, redemption, share capital reduction, declaration of dividends, financial assistances, directors and officers and shareholders of a company, protection of minority shareholders’ rights, accounts, arrangements, reconstructions and amalgamations, winding up and dissolution. In addition, members of a company are subject to, and bound by the provisions of the constitution of the company. The constitution of a company contains, among others, provisions relating to some of the matters in the foregoing paragraph, transfers of shares, and sets out the rights and privileges attached to the different classes of shares of the company (if applicable).
Goods and Services Tax
Goods and Services Tax (the “GST”) is a broad-based consumption tax levied on the import of goods (collected by the Singapore Customs), as well as nearly all supplies of goods and services in Singapore. This is similar to Value-Added Tax (the “VAT”) in other jurisdictions. Under section 8(1) of the Goods and Services Tax Act of Singapore 1993 (the “GST Act”), a person (i.e. business) who is or is required to be registered under section 9 of the GST Act is required, pursuant to section 16 of the GST Act) to charge GST of 9% from and including January 1, 2024, on any taxable supply made by it in the course or furtherance of any business carried on by it. Such persons required to be registered are as set out in Paragraph 1 of the First Schedule of the GST Act, including (i) business whose total value of all its taxable supplies made in Singapore, at the end of any quarter the last day of which is a day before January 1, 2019, and immediately preceding three quarters or calendar year respectively has exceeded S$1 million; or (ii) at the end of the year 2019 or a subsequent calendar year, the total value of all of (A) the taxable supplies made in Singapore and (B) if the subsequent calendar year is 2022 or later, the taxable supplies in Singapore under paragraph 3(2)(b)(ii) and (3A) of the Seventh Schedule of the GST Act in that calendar year, has exceeded S$1 million.
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Section 61 of the GST Act provides that where a person fails to apply for registration as required by the First Schedule of the GST Act, such persons shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction, (a) pay a penalty equal to 10% of the tax due in respect of each year or part thereof beginning on the date on which the person is required to make the notification or to apply for registration, as the case may be; (b) be liable to a fine not exceeding S$10,000; and (c) be liable to a further penalty of S$50 for every day during which the offence continues after conviction. As a registered person under the GST Act, a company is further required to file accurate GST returns and pay the tax due in a timely manner.
Under the GST Act, GST may be payable on a transfer of assets in a business sale or under an amalgamation. However, pursuant to section 34A(1) of the GST Act, if the corporate reorganization involves the transfer of business (as a whole or part thereof) as a going concern, such a transaction is treated as neither a supply of goods nor a supply of services. Simply put, such a transfer would not be subject to GST.
Customs Regulations
Goods exported from Singapore are regulated under the Customs Act 1960 of Singapore (the “Customs Act”). To export goods from Singapore, the exporter is required to declare the goods to Singapore Customs, a department under the Ministry of Finance, which is the lead agency for trade facilitation and revenue enforcement. The Singapore Goods and Services Tax (the “GST”) is not levied on goods exported from Singapore. A Customs export permit is required for, among other things, the export of locally manufactured goods or local GST paid goods, the export of goods from free trade zones, dutiable goods from licensed warehouses and non-dutiable goods from a zero-rated warehouse. The exporter will be the party that issues the commercial invoice to his overseas customer. Exporters who intend to engage in import and/or export activities in Singapore or appoint a declaring agent to apply for Customs import, export and transshipment permits or certificates will need to activate their Customs Account with Singapore Customs, further to which a declaring agent may be appointed to apply for Customs permits on their behalf. Declaring agents have to be registered with the Singapore Customs.
Exporters may be penalized if they do not comply with the requirements and conditions imposed under the Customs Act. Making an incorrect declaration or failing to make a declaration of goods imported into, exported from or transshipped in Singapore will result in being liable on conviction for a fine not exceeding S$10,000, or the equivalent of the amount of the customs duty, excise duty or GST payable, whichever is the greater amount, or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months, or both.
Employment Act
The Employment Act 1968 of Singapore, or the Singapore EA, sets out the basic terms and conditions of employment and the rights and responsibilities of employers as well as employees who are covered under the Singapore EA. With effect from 1 April 2019, the Singapore EA extends to all employees, including persons employed in managerial or executive positions, with certain exceptions.
The Singapore EA prescribes certain minimum conditions of service that employers are required to provide to their employees, including (i) minimum days of statutory annual and sick leave; (ii) paid public holidays; (iii) statutory protection against wrongful dismissal; (iv) provision of key employment terms in writing; and (v) statutory maternity leave and childcare leave benefits. In addition, certain statutory protections relating to overtime and hours of work are prescribed under the Singapore EA, but only apply to limited categories of employees, such as an employee (other than a workman) who is not employed in a managerial or executive position and who receives a salary of up to S$2,600 a month (“relevant employee”). Section 38(8) of the Singapore EA provides that a relevant employee is not allowed to work for more than 12 hours in any one day except in specified circumstances, such as where the work is essential to the life of the community, defense or security. In addition, section 38(5) of the Singapore EA limits the extent of overtime work that a relevant employee can perform, to 72 hours a month.
Other employment-related benefits which are prescribed by law include (i) contributions to be made by an employer to the Central Provident Fund, under the Central Provident Fund Act 1953 of Singapore in respect of each employee who is a citizen or permanent resident of Singapore; (ii) the provision of statutory maternity, paternity, childcare, adoption, unpaid infant care and shared parental leave benefits (in each case subject to the fulfilment of certain eligibility criteria) under the Child Development Co-savings Act 2001 of Singapore; (iii) statutory protections against dismissal on the grounds of age, and statutory requirements to offer re-employment to an employee who attains the prescribed minimum retirement age, under the Retirement and Re-employment Act 1993 of Singapore; and (iv) statutory requirements relating to work injury compensation, and workplace safety and health, under the Work Injury Compensation Act 2019 of Singapore and the Workplace Safety and Health Act 2006 of Singapore, respectively.
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Employment of Foreign Manpower Act
Together with the Immigration Act 1959 and the Employment Agencies Act 1958, the employment of foreign employees in Singapore is governed by the Employment of Foreign Manpower Act 1990 of Singapore (the “EFMA”) and its subsidiary regulations, which are also administered by and is regulated by the MOM. The EFMA prescribes the responsibilities and obligations of employers who employ foreign employees in Singapore.
The EFMA provides that no person shall employ a foreign employee unless the foreign employee has obtained a valid work pass from the MOM in accordance with the Employment of Foreign Manpower (Work Passes) Regulations 2012, which allows the foreign employee to work for him. In this regard, a “foreign employee” is defined under section 2 of the EFMA to include, amongst others, “any foreigner, other than a self-employed foreigner, who seeks or is offered employment in Singapore”. Any person who fails to comply with or contravenes this provision of the EFMA is guilty of an offense and will: (a) be liable on conviction for a fine not less than S$5,000 and not more than S$30,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or both; and (b) on a second or subsequent conviction: (i) in the case of an individual, be liable for a fine of not less than S$10,000 and not more than S$30,000 and imprisonment for a term of not less than one month and not more than 12 months; or (ii) in any other case, be punished with a fine of not less than S$20,000 and not more than S$60,000.
In Singapore, the work pass to be issued to a foreigner is contingent on, among other things, the type of work and salary being received by the foreigner in question. Foreign professionals, managers and executives earning a fixed monthly salary of at least S$5,600 (in all sectors except the financial services sector) and at least S$6,200 (in the financial sector), with acceptable qualifications (such as a good university degree, professional qualifications or specialist skills) are eligible for an employment pass. The qualifying salaries increases for older and more experienced candidates. From September 1, 2023, in addition to meeting qualifying salary, employment pass candidates must also pass a points-based Complementarity Assessment Framework (“COMPASS”). Mid-level skilled staff earning a fixed monthly salary of at least S$3,300 (in all sectors except the financial services) and S$3,800 (in the financial services sector) who possess a degree, diploma or technical certificate and have the relevant work experience may apply for an S-pass; and semi-skilled foreign workers from approved source countries working in, among others, the manufacturing sector may apply for a work permit.
Further, under the Employment of Foreign Manpower (Work Passes) Regulations 2012, an employer is required to purchase and maintain medical insurance with coverage of at least S$15,000 per 12-month period of a foreign workers’ employment (or for such shorter period where the foreign workers’ period of employment is less than 12 months) for the foreign workers’ in-patient care and day surgery except as the Controller of Work Passes may otherwise provide by notification in writing.
Since July 1, 2023, enhanced medical insurance coverage to better protect employers from bearing large unexpected medical bills applies to all new Work Permit and S Pass applications and renewals. The enhanced coverage include (a) introduction of a co-payment element for employers and insurers for amounts above S$15,000, up to an annual claim limit of S$60,000, (b) standardization of allowable exclusion clauses (c) introduction of age-differentiated premiums and (d) requirement for insurers to reimburse hospitals directly upon the admissibility of the claim.
In addition, the employment of foreign workers is also subject to sector-specific rules regulated by the MOM through the following policy instruments: (a) business activity; (b) approved source countries; (c) the imposition of security bonds and levies; and (d) quota (or dependency ratio ceilings) based on the ratio of local to foreign workers.
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Central Provident Fund Act
The Central Provident Fund (“CPF”) system is a mandatory social security savings scheme funded by contributions from employers and employees. Pursuant to the Central Provident Fund Act 1953 of Singapore (“CPFA”), an employer is obliged to make CPF contributions for all employees who are Singapore citizens or permanent residents who are employed in Singapore by an employer (save for employees who are employed as a master, a seaman or an apprentice in any vessel, subject to an exception for non-exempted owners). CPF contributions are not applicable for foreigners who hold employment passes, S passes or work permits. CPF contributions are required for both ordinary wages and additional wages (subject to an ordinary wage ceiling and a yearly additional wage ceiling) of employees at the applicable prescribed rates which is dependent on, among other things, the amount of monthly wages and the age of the employee. An employer must pay both the employer’s and employee’s share of the monthly CPF contribution. However, an employer can recover the employee’s share of CPF contributions by deducting it from their wages when the contributions are paid for that month.
The rate of contribution into CPF is dependent on the age of the employee and can range from 12.5% to 37% of one’s monthly wages and is as set out in the First Schedule of the CPFA. CPF contributions are due at the end of the month and an employer has a grace period of 14 days to pay it. The employer must pay both the employer’s and employee’s share of the monthly CPF contribution. However, the employer can recover the employee’s share by deducting it from their wage when the contributions are paid for that month. Where the amount of the contributions which an employer is liable to pay under the CPFA in respect of any month is not paid within such period as may be prescribed, the employer shall be liable for the payment of interest on the amount for every day the amount remains unpaid commencing from the first day of the month succeeding the month in respect of which the amount is payable and the interest shall be calculated at the rate of 1.5% per month or the sum of S$5, whichever is greater. Where any employer who has recovered any amount from the monthly wages of an employee in accordance with the CPFA fails to pay the contributions to the CPF within such time as may be prescribed, he will be guilty of an offense and will be liable on conviction for a fine not exceeding S$10,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years or both. Where an offense has been committed under the CPFA but there are no penalties provided, the offender may be liable for a fine not exceeding S$5,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or both, and where the offense is repeated by the same offender, the offender may be liable for a fine not exceeding S$10,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or both.
Personal Data Protection Act 2012
Data Protection Obligations
The Personal Data Protection Act 2012 of Singapore (“PDPA”) establishes the baseline regime for the protection of personal data in Singapore. The PDPA applies to all organizations that collect, use, disclose, and/or process personal data. The PDPA is administered and enforced by the Personal Data Protection Commission (“PDPC”). In this regard, “personal data” as defined under the PDPA refers to data, whether true or not, about an individual who can be identified from that data and/or other information to which the organization has or is likely to have access to.
An organization is required to comply with, amongst other things, the data protection obligations prescribed by the PDPA, which may be summarized as follows:
| (a) | Consent obligation – the consent of individuals must be obtained before collecting, using, disclosing and/or processing their personal data, unless an exception applies. Additionally, an organization must allow the withdrawal of consent by an individual which has been given or is deemed to have been given; |
| (b) | Purpose limitation obligation – personal data must be collected, used, disclosed, and/or processed only for purposes that a reasonable person would consider appropriate in the circumstances, and if applicable, have been notified to the individual concerned; |
| (c) | Notification obligation – individuals must be notified of the purposes for the collection, use, disclosure, and/or processing of their personal data, prior to such collection, use, disclosure, and/or processing; |
| (d) | Access and correction obligations – when requested by an individual and unless an exception applies, an organization must: (i) provide that individual with access to his personal data in the possession or under the control of the organization and information about the ways in which his personal data may have been used or disclosed during the past year, and/or (ii) correct an error or omission in his personal data that is in the possession or under the control of the organization; |
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| (e) | Accuracy obligation – an organization must make reasonable efforts to ensure that personal data collected by or on its behalf is accurate and complete if such data is likely to be used by the organization to make a decision affecting the individual to whom the personal data relates or if such data is likely to be disclosed to another organization; |
| (f) | Protection obligation – an organization must implement reasonable security arrangements to protect personal data in its possession or under its control from (i) unauthorized access, collection, use, disclosure, copying, modification, disposal or similar risks, and (ii) the loss of any storage medium or device on which personal data is stored; |
| (g) | Retention limitation obligation – an organization must anonymize or must not keep personal data for longer than it is necessary to fulfill; (i) the purposes for which it was collected, or (ii) a legal or business purpose; |
| (h) | Transfer limitation obligation – personal data must not be transferred out of Singapore except in accordance with the requirements prescribed under the PDPA. In this regard, an organization must ensure that the recipient of the personal data in that country outside Singapore is bound by legally enforceable obligations to provide the transferred personal data a standard of protection that is at least comparable to the protection under the PDPA; |
| (i) | Accountability obligation – an organization must implement the necessary policies and procedures in order to meet its obligations under the PDPA, communicate and inform their staff about these policies and procedures, as well as make information of such policies and procedures available on request. In addition, an organization must develop a process to receive and respond to data-related complaints, and must designate at least one individual as the data protection officer to oversee the organization’s compliance with the PDPA; |
| (j) | Data breach notification obligati–n - an organization must notify the PDPC and/or the affected individuals if it has suffered a data breach that meets the notification thresholds prescribed under the PDPA (i.e. the data breach is or is likely to be of significant scale, or has caused or is likely to cause significant harm to the affected individuals). The organization is expected to expeditiously assess the severity of the breach, and the timeline to notify the PDPC is 3 calendar days of the organization assessing that a notification threshold has been met; and |
| (k) | Data portability obligation – the data portability obligation (which is not yet in force as at the date of this annual report) grants individuals with an existing direct relationship with an organization the right to request for a copy of their personal data to be transmitted in a commonly used machine-readable format to another organization which has a business presence in Singapore. The exact scope and applicability of this right will be delineated by the relevant regulations and guidelines to be published by the PDPC. |
A failure to comply with any of the above can subject an organization to a fine of up to the higher of S$1,000,000 or, 10% of the organization’s annual turnover in Singapore (for an organization whose annual turnover in Singapore exceeds S$10,000,000). The maximum financial penalty that can be imposed on organizations is S$1 million, or 10% of the organization’s annual turnover in Singapore, whichever is higher. The severity of the penalties will be assessed based on, amongst other things, the amount of personal data involved, and the degree of harm caused to individuals.
Intellectual Property Rights
The Intellectual Property Office of Singapore administers the intellectual property legislative framework in Singapore, which includes copyrights, trademarks and patents. Singapore is a member of the main international conventions regulating intellectual property matters, and the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
Inventions are protected in Singapore under the Patents Act 1994 of Singapore and may be registered either through a domestic application filed with the Registry of Patents within the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (the “IPOS”) or an international application filed in accordance with the Patent Cooperation Treaty, with the Registry of Patents acting as the receiving office for the application. A patent may be granted for an invention which is a product or a process, and such invention must (a) be new; (b) involve an inventive step (being a step that is not obvious to a person who is skilled in the relevant art); (c) be capable of industrial application; and (d) not encourage offensive, immoral, or anti-social behavior through its publication or exploitation.
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Trademarks may be protected both under the Trade Marks Act 1998 of Singapore (the “TMA”) and under common law. These two systems are independent of each other. Protection under the TMA is conditional upon registration of the trademark with the Registry of Trade Marks within the IPOS. Singapore operates a first-to-file system in respect of registered trademarks under the TMA, and the registered proprietor is granted a statutory monopoly of the trademark in Singapore in relation to the product or service for which it is registered. There are several key criteria for registration, including but not limited to: the subject matter being (a) a “trademark”, which is any sign capable of being graphically represented that is used, or proposed to be used, by a trader to distinguish his goods or services from those of other traders; (b) “distinctive”, if it is not descriptive of those goods or services. It is a question of degree in every case whether the sign is so descriptive of the goods or services in question that it will be refused registration; and (c) does not conflict with an earlier trademark, that is an earlier registered trademark or a trademark (whether registered or not) which is well known in Singapore. In the event of any trademark infringement, the registered proprietor will be able to rely on the registered trademark as proof of his right to the mark, and the infringement of a trademark may give rise to civil and criminal liabilities. Statutory protection of a registered trademark can last indefinitely, as long as the registration is renewed every 10 years. Unregistered trademarks are also protected under the common law of passing off, provided that the owner is able to prove that there is goodwill or reputation in the mark; misrepresentation on the part of the infringer; and damage to the mark as a result.
Regulations on Anti-Money Laundering and Prevention of Terrorism Financing
The primary anti-money laundering legislation in Singapore is the Corruption, Drug Trafficking and Other Serious Crimes (Confiscation of Benefits) Act 1992 of Singapore (“CDSA”) which criminalizes the laundering of criminal benefits, sets out requirements for reporting suspicious transactions, and provides for the investigation and confiscation of such benefits. The CDSA permits the confiscation of benefits derived from, and to combat, corruption, drug dealing and other serious crimes. The CDSA is complimented by regulations which imposes anti-money laundering requirements on obligated private sector entities (including financial institutions and designated non-financial businesses and professions, and non-profit organizations). Various sector supervisors, including but not limited to, the Monetary Authority of Singapore, the Ministry of Law, and the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority, are empowered to monitor compliance and take actions for breaches of such requirements within their respective sectors.
The Terrorism (Suppression of Financing) Act 2002 of Singapore (“TSOFA”) is the primary legislation for the combating of terrorism financing. The TSOFA criminalizes terrorism financing and prohibits any person in Singapore from dealing with or providing services to a terrorist entity, including those designated pursuant to the TSOFA. It was enacted to give effect to the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism.
Besides criminalizing the laundering of proceeds derived from drug dealing and other serious crimes and terrorism financing, the CDSA and the TSOFA also require suspicious transaction reports to be lodged with the Suspicious Transaction Reporting Office, Singapore’s Financial Intelligence Unit within the Criminal Affairs Division of the Singapore Police Force. If any person fails to lodge the requisite reports under the CDSA and the TSOFA, it may be subject to criminal liability. In addition, the TSOFA has extraterritorial reach, and any person outside Singapore who commits an act or omission that would constitute an offense under the TSOFA if committed in Singapore may be proceeded against, charged, tried and punished accordingly in Singapore.
C. Organizational Structure
Our Company was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on February 24, 2025 under the Companies Act as an exempted company with limited liability. Our authorized share capital is US$50,000 divided into 250,000,000 Ordinary Shares, with a par value of US$0.0002 each, comprising (a) 225,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of nominal or par value US$0.0002 each, and (b) 25,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of nominal or par value of US$0.0002 each.
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SMJ Furnishings Inc., a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands on October 29, 2024 with limited liability, and authorized to issue a maximum of 50,000 ordinary shares of no par value, comprising (a) 44,893 Class A ordinary shares with no par value and (b) 5,107 Class B ordinary shares with no par value, is the holding company of our principal operating subsidiary, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd.. SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. was incorporated in Singapore on February 12, 1988, as a private company limited by shares. It is principally engaged in the sales and distribution of flooring products.
Pursuant to a reorganization completed on April 28, 2025, all shareholders of SMJ Furnishings Inc. transferred their respective ordinary shares in the capital of SMJ Furnishings Inc. to our Company. The consideration for the share transfers was satisfied by the allotment and issuance of 24,999,999 Ordinary Shares, with a par value of US$0.0002 each, comprising (a) 12,232,500 Class A Ordinary Shares of nominal or par value US$0.0002 each and (b) 12,767,500 Class B Ordinary Shares of nominal or par value of US$0.0002 each to the aforementioned shareholders of SMJ Furnishings Inc., each credited as fully paid.
Upon completion of the reorganization, our Company has 12,232,500 Class A Ordinary Shares and 12,767,500 Class B Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding. All issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares are fully paid. Accordingly, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. has become a subsidiary of SMJ Furnishings Inc., which is in turn, a wholly-owned subsidiary of our Company.
In December 2025, our Company completed our IPO, in which we offered and sold 2,705,000 Class A Ordinary Shares. Upon completion of the IPO, our Company has 14,937,500 Class A Ordinary Shares and 12,767,500 Class B Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding. All issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares are fully paid.
The chart below illustrates our corporate structure and identifies our subsidiaries as of the date of this annual report:
D. Property, Plants and Equipment
See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Properties and Fixed Assets”
Item 4A. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
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Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in this annual report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report.
A. Operating Results
Overview
We are a Singapore-based premier flooring specialists serving the commercial and institutional sectors in Asia, with a well-established reputation and track record of more than 35 years. We generate revenue mainly through the sale and distribution of a wide range of premier flooring products such as carpet tiles, broadloom carpets and vinyl tiles under our proprietary brand known as “SMJ” in Singapore and over 20 countries mainly in Asia. These products are mainly marketed through our extensive distribution network of more than 260 dealers, importers and installation companies. These customers usually make bulk purchases from us on wholesale basis and will in turn sell and distribute them primarily to a wide range of end-users in the commercial and institutional sectors including private and government offices, business premises, educational institutions, banks, hospitals, hotels and other premises. We also sell our flooring products to property developers of commercial buildings, professional firms such as architecture, interior design and renovation firms, and owners or tenants of commercial spaces. These customers may require us to provide professional installation services for renovation projects carried out in Singapore.
SMJ International Holdings Inc. is an investment holding company incorporated on February 24, 2025 under the laws of the Cayman Islands. We conduct our operations mainly through SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary operating in Singapore. We have consolidated the financial results of our subsidiaries in our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the following entities:
| Name | Date of incorporation |
Percentage of direct or indirect interests |
Place of incorporation |
Principal activities | ||||||
| SMJ International Holdings Inc. | February 24, 2025 | 100 | % | Cayman Island | Investment holding | |||||
| SMJ Furnishings Inc. | October 29, 2024 | 100 | % | British Virgin Islands | Investment holding | |||||
| SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. | February 12, 1988 | 100 | % | Singapore | Sale and distribution of flooring products. | |||||
For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, our revenue was approximately S$17.4 million, which represents an increase of approximately S$0.6 million from our revenue of approximately S$16.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025, while net loss for the financial year ended March 31, 2026 was approximately S$0.9 million, representing a decrease of approximately S$1.9 million from our net income of approximately S$1 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025. We derived approximately 52.8% and 48.6% of our revenue from Singapore market for the financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively. The balance of our revenue is derived from overseas markets.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2025, our revenue was approximately S$16.8 million, which represents an increase of approximately S$0.2 million from our revenue of approximately S$16.6 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024, while net income for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 was approximately S$1.0 million, representing a decrease of approximately S$0.8 million from our net income of approximately S$1.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024. We derived approximately 59.7% and 52.8% of our revenue from Singapore market for the financial years ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The balance of our revenue is derived from overseas markets.
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General Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
Our business and operating results are affected by a variety of general factors in the flooring industry, including, but not limited to:
| ● | Economic conditions, including economic growth, inflation, interest rates, and consumer confidence, impact construction activity and capital expenditure. Economic downturns may reduce demand for flooring products and services. |
| ● | Material cost, where the Company’s profitability depends on the cost and availability of our flooring materials. Fluctuations in raw material prices, transportation costs, and supplier pricing may affect gross profit margins. |
| ● | Competition in the flooring industry is highly competitive. The Company compete on pricing, product quality, service standards, project delivery, and customer relationships. Increased competition may result in pricing pressure and reduced profit margins. |
Unfavorable changes in any of these general factors could materially and adversely affect our business and our results of operations.
Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
Our financial performance may be affected by any of the factors set forth under “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors” in this annual report.
Results of Operations
Set forth below is a discussion of our results of operations for the periods indicated and the summary of selected financial results derived from our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Form 20-F:
| For the year ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | 16,590,843 | 16,841,170 | 17,440,594 | 13,526,925 | ||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | (10,278,447 | ) | (10,759,420 | ) | (11,413,795 | ) | (8,852,539 | ) | ||||||||
| Gross profit | 6,312,396 | 6,081,750 | 6,026,799 | 4,674,386 | ||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling and distribution expenses | (200,415 | ) | (216,467 | ) | (211,810 | ) | (164,280 | ) | ||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | (3,514,164 | ) | (3,576,589 | ) | (5,655,989 | ) | (4,386,785 | ) | ||||||||
| Depreciation expenses | (139,944 | ) | (131,880 | ) | (86,805 | ) | (67,326 | ) | ||||||||
| Operating lease expense | (984,308 | ) | (1,003,597 | ) | (1,036,946 | ) | (804,255 | ) | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | (4,838,831 | ) | (4,928,533 | ) | (6,991,550 | ) | (5,422,646 | ) | ||||||||
| Income/(Loss) from operations | 1,473,565 | 1,153,217 | (964,751 | ) | (748,260 | ) | ||||||||||
| Other income (expenses), net: | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income | 715,571 | 296,990 | 985,831 | 764,611 | ||||||||||||
| Other loss | (112,713 | ) | (129,593 | ) | (465,098 | ) | (360,730 | ) | ||||||||
| Finance expense | (150,321 | ) | (186,235 | ) | (152,845 | ) | (118,547 | ) | ||||||||
| Total other income/(expenses),net | 452,537 | (18,838 | ) | 367,888 | 285,334 | |||||||||||
| Income (loss) before taxes | 1,926,102 | 1,134,379 | (596,863 | ) | (462,926 | ) | ||||||||||
| Income tax expenses | (146,954 | ) | (117,999 | ) | (328,803 | ) | (255,020 | ) | ||||||||
| Net income/(loss) | 1,779,148 | 1,016,380 | (925,666 | ) | (717,946 | ) | ||||||||||
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Comparison of Results of Operations for the Financial Years ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
Revenue
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | 17,440,594 | 16,841,170 | 599,424 | 3.6 | % | |||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | (11,413,795 | ) | (10,759,420 | ) | (654,375 | ) | 6.1 | % | ||||||||
| Gross profit | 6,026,799 | 6,081,750 | (54,951 | ) | (0.9 | )% | ||||||||||
Revenue increased by approximately S$0.6 million, or 3.6%, to S$17.4 million (US$13.5 million) for the financial year ended March 31, 2026, compared to S$16.8 million for the corresponding period in 2025. The growth was primarily driven by stronger demand for our products in overseas markets, particularly in India and Philippines. This was mainly attributable to new projects secured from end-users such as “WeWork” and “Accenture Inc.” within these countries
Cost of revenues
Our cost of revenue primarily consists of purchasing costs of our flooring products and other direct costs associated with the sales of our flooring products, such as installation, freight and handling charges. For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, cost of revenues increased by approximately S$0.6 million, or 6.1%, to S$11.4 million (US$8.9 million), compared to S$10.8 million for the corresponding period in 2025. The increase was mainly attributable to higher sales volume, particularly from export sales, as well as significant increase in freight cost and fuel surcharge.
Gross profit
Our overall gross profit decreased by approximately 0.9% from approximately S$6.1 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to approximately S$6.0 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2026. For the financial years ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, our overall gross margin amounted to approximately 34.6% and 36.1%, respectively.
Operating expenses
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Selling and distribution expenses | (211,810 | ) | (216,467 | ) | 4,657 | (2.2 | )% | |||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | (5,655,989 | ) | (3,576,589 | ) | (2,079,400 | ) | 58.1 | % | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (86,805 | ) | (131,880 | ) | 45,075 | (34.2 | )% | |||||||||
| Operating lease expense | (1,036,946 | ) | (1,003,597 | ) | (33,349 | ) | 3.3 | % | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | (6,991,550 | ) | (4,928,533 | ) | (2,063,017 | ) | 41.9 | % | ||||||||
Selling and distribution expenses
Our selling and distribution expenses consist primarily of business development expenses, benefits for sales and marketing staff and other daily expenses which are related to the sales and marketing functions, remained relatively consistent for the financial year ended March 31, 2026, compared to the corresponding period in 2025.
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General and administrative expenses
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee costs and benefits, professional fees, provisions and other expenses which are related to the general corporate functions. For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately S$2.1 million, or approximately 58.1%, compared to the corresponding period in 2025. The increase was mainly due to expenses related to consulting and professional fees of approximately S$1.9 million incurred in connection with the Company’s listing on – NYSE American and related advisory services, as well as an increase in provision of slow-moving stock of S$0.2 million.
Depreciation expenses
For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, depreciation expenses reduced by S$45,075, or approximately 34.2%, compared to the corresponding period in 2025. This reduction was mainly due to sale of our freehold property within the year.
Operating lease expenses
Operating lease expenses remain relatively constant for the financial years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026.
Loss from operations
As a result of the foregoing, our profit from operations decreased by approximately 183.7% from income from operations of approximately S$1.1 million for the year ended March 31, 2025 to a net loss from operations of approximately S$1.0 million.
The operating loss was primarily attributable to the higher general and administrative expenses of approximately S$2.1 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
Other income (expense)
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Other income | 985,831 | 296,990 | 688,841 | 231.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Other loss | (465,098 | ) | (129,593 | ) | (335,505 | ) | 258.9 | % | ||||||||
| Finance expense | (152,845 | ) | (186,235 | ) | 33,390 | (17.9 | )% | |||||||||
| Total other income (expense), net | 367,888 | (18,838 | ) | 386,726 | 2,052.9 | % | ||||||||||
Our total net other income from operations increased by approximately 2,052.9% from approximately a net loss of S$18,838 for the year ended March 31, 2025 to approximately a net income of S$367,888 for the year ended March 31, 2026.
Other income
Our other income increased by approximately 231.9% from approximately S$0.3 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to approximately S$1.0 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2026, primarily due to a gain on disposal of fixed assets of approximately S$0.8 million arising from the successful sale of our investment property to a third-party purchaser at a selling price of S$3.5 million with a carrying value of S$2.7 million.
Other loss
Other losses increased by S$335,505 from S$129,593 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to S$465,098 for the financial year ended March 31, 2026. The increase was mainly due to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against the Singapore dollar during the period, which led to foreign exchange losses and fair value losses on investments, instead of gains, thereby increasing other losses.
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Finance expense
Our finance expense decreased by approximately 17.9% from approximately S$186,235 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to approximately S$152,845 for the financial year ended March 31, 2026, due to early repayment of S$1.1 million short-term borrowings.
Income (loss) before taxes
As a result of the foregoing, our income before income taxes decreased by approximately 152.6% from approximately S$1.1 million for financial year ended March 31, 2025 to approximately a net loss of S$0.6 million for financial year ended March 31, 2026.
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before tax expenses | (596,863 | ) | 1,134,379 | (1,731,242 | ) | (152.6 | )% | |||||||||
| Income tax expense | (328,803 | ) | (117,999 | ) | (210,804 | ) | 178.6 | % | ||||||||
| Net profit (loss) after tax | (925,666 | ) | 1,016,380 | (1,942,046 | ) | (191.1 | )% | |||||||||
Income tax expenses
Our income tax expenses increased by S$210,804 from S$117,999 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 to S$328,803 for financial year ended March 31, 2026, primarily due to reversal of deductible temporary differences associated with the disposal of our investment property, partially offset by additional deductible temporary differences arising from the increase in allowance for credit loss.
Net loss
As a result of the foregoing, our net profit decreased by approximately 191.1% from approximately S$1.0 million for the financial year March 31, 2025 to approximately a net loss of S$0.9 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
Comparison of Results of Operations for the Financial Years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | 16,841,170 | 16,590,843 | 250,327 | 1.5 | % | |||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | (10,759,420 | ) | (10,278,447 | ) | (480,973 | ) | 4.7 | % | ||||||||
| Gross profit | 6,081,750 | 6,312,396 | (230,646 | ) | (3.7 | )% | ||||||||||
Revenue
Our revenue increased by approximately S$0.2 million, or approximately 1.5%, from approximately S$16.6 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024, to approximately S$16.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025, mainly due to an increase in the export sales from India and Indonesia markets as we secured new projects from end-user such as “WeWork” and “Shopee” in these countries
Cost of revenues
Our cost of revenue primarily consists of purchasing costs of our flooring products and other direct costs associated with the sales of our flooring products, such as installation, freight and handling charges. Our cost of revenue increased by approximately S$0.5 million, or approximately 4.7%, from approximately S$10.3 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to approximately S$10.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025. The increase was mainly due to an increase in the sales volume attributable to our export sales.
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Gross profit
As a result of the foregoing, our gross profits were approximately S$6.3 million and S$6.1 million for the financial years ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively, and our gross profit margins were approximately 38.0% and 36.1%, respectively. Notwithstanding the increase in the revenue for financial year ended March 31, 2025, our gross profit has decreased marginally by approximately S$0.2 million, or approximately 3.7% primarily due to higher proportion of export sales where the gross profit margin is generally lower than local sales in Singapore. Additionally, the lower gross profit margins from our export sales was primarily due to lower prices for our goods in certain international markets outside of Singapore, as well as increased logistical costs. Accordingly, our overall gross profit margin deteriorated by approximately 1.9% for the financial year ended March 31, 2025, as compared to financial year ended March 31, 2024.
Operating expenses
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Selling and distribution expenses | (216,467 | ) | (200,415 | ) | (16,052 | ) | 8.0 | % | ||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | (3,576,589 | ) | (3,514,164 | ) | (62,425 | ) | 1.8 | % | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (131,880 | ) | (139,944 | ) | 8,064 | (5.8 | )% | |||||||||
| Operating lease expense | (1,003,597 | ) | (984,308 | ) | (19,289 | ) | 2.0 | % | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | (4,928,533 | ) | (4,838,831 | ) | (89,702 | ) | 1.9 | % | ||||||||
Our operating expenses increased by approximately 1.9% from approximately S$4.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to approximately S$4.9 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025.
Selling and distribution expenses
For the financial year ended March 31, 2025, selling and distribution expenses increased by S$16,052 or approximately 8.0%, from S$200,415 for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to S$216,467 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025. The increase was mainly due to an increase in the business development expenses by S$22,713 as we expand our export sales. This was partially offset by a decrease in shipping costs as we achieved higher shipping efficiency with more exports that shipped directly from our factories to our overseas clients.
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses remain relatively constant for the financial years ended March 31, 2024 and 2025.
Depreciation expenses
Depreciation expenses remain relatively constant for the financial years ended March 31, 2024 and 2025.
Operating lease expenses
Operating lease expenses remain relatively constant for the financial years ended March 31, 2024 and 2025.
Income from operations
As a result of the above, income from operations decreased by S$320,348, from approximately S$1.5 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to approximately S$1.2 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025.
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Other income (expense)
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Other income | 296,990 | 715,571 | (418,581 | ) | (58.5 | )% | ||||||||||
| Other loss | (129,593 | ) | (112,713 | ) | (16,880 | ) | 15.0 | % | ||||||||
| Finance expense | (186,235 | ) | (150,321 | ) | (35,914 | ) | 23.9 | % | ||||||||
| Total other income (expense), net | (18,838 | ) | 452,537 | (471,375 | ) | (104.2 | )% | |||||||||
Our total net other expense increased by approximately 104.2% from approximately net income of S$452,537 for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to approximately net expense of S$18,838 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025.
Other income
Other income decreased by S$418,581, from S$715,571 for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to S$296,990 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025. The decrease was mainly due to a drop in sundry income of S$333,866 as we did not receive any income from surrendering of insurance policy in FY2025, which we did in FY2024. In addition, we also did not record any forex gain and gain on lease modification in FY2025, which we received S$41,989 and S$28,338, in FY2024 respectively. The gain on lease modification was attributable to the renewal of the office and warehouse leases in FY2024.
Other loss
Other loss increased by S$16,880, from S$112,713 for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to approximately S$129,593 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025. The increase was mainly due to increase in the loss on foreign exchange as our export sales were primarily denominated in United States dollars.
Finance expenses
Finance expenses increased by S$35,914, from S$150,321 for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to S$186,235 for the financial year ended March 31, 2025. The increase was primarily attributable to higher interest charges incurred on trade financing facilities, which were utilized to support the increase volume of export sales.
Income (loss) before taxes
As a result of the foregoing, our income before income taxes decreased by approximately 41.1% from approximately S$1.9 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to approximately S$1.1 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025.
| Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | % | |||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before tax expenses | 1,134,379 | 1,926,102 | (791,723 | ) | (41.1 | )% | ||||||||||
| Income tax expense | (117,999 | ) | (146,954 | ) | 28,955 | (19.7 | )% | |||||||||
| Net profit (loss) after tax | 1,016,380 | 1,779,148 | (762,768 | ) | (42.9 | )% | ||||||||||
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Income taxes expenses
Our income tax expenses were S$146,954 and S$117,999 for the financial years ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively. We incurred lower income tax expenses for the financial year ended March 31, 2025 which is in line with our lower income before income taxes expenses.
Net income
As a result of the above, net income after tax decreased by approximately S$0.8 million or 42.9%, from approximately S$1.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 to approximately S$1.0 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2025.
Impact of Foreign Currency Fluctuations
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in Singapore dollars (“S$”), which is the reporting currency of our Company. Assets and liabilities contains translations of certain foreign currency amounts into U.S. dollars for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from U.S. dollars to Singapore dollars in this annual report were calculated at the rate of S$1.2893=US$1, as set forth in the statistical release of the Federal Reserve System on March 31, 2026. The statement of income accounts is translated at the average translation rates and the equity accounts are translated at historical rates. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred. The foreign currency translation from SGD to USD could materially affect our financial condition and results of operations due to the fluctuation of exchange rate. The exchange rates in effect are shown below:
| U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate | March
31, 2026 |
March
31, 2025 |
March
31, 2024 |
|||
| At the end of the period - USD: SGD | US$1=SGD1.2893 | US$1= SGD1.3445 | US$1= SGD1.3475 | |||
| Average rate for the period - USD: SGD | US$1= SGD1.3155 | US$1= SGD1.3490 | US$1= SGD1.3376 |
We did not have any foreign currency investments hedged by currency borrowings or other hedging instruments in years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024.
B. Liquidity and Capital Resources
We finance our daily operations through a combination of shareholders’ equity (share capital and retained profits) and net cash generated from operating activities. As of March 31, 2026, our shareholder’s equity as well as cash and cash equivalents (including short term investments) amounted to approximately S$18.9 million and S$11.7 million, respectively.
Working Capital
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | ||||||||||
| Current assets | 19,859,545 | 7,536,558 | 13,551,274 | |||||||||
| Current liabilities | 4,279,205 | 3,783,660 | 3,927,836 | |||||||||
| Net current assets | 15,580,340 | 3,752,898 | 9,623,438 | |||||||||
As of March 31, 2026, current assets of approximately S$19.9 million comprised inventories, net of approximately S$4.1 million, cash and cash equivalents of approximately S$1.3 million, account receivables, net of approximately S$2.1 million, short term investment of S$10.4 million and other current assets of approximately S$2.0 million. Current liabilities of S$4.3 million comprised short-term borrowings of approximately S$1.7 million, accounts and other payables of approximately S$1.0 million, contract liabilities of approximately S$0.7 million and current operating lease liabilities of approximately S$0.9 million. As a result of the foregoing, net current assets as of March 31, 2026 were approximately S$15.6 million.
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As of March 31, 2025, current assets of approximately S$7.5 million comprised inventories, net of approximately S$4.8 million, cash and cash equivalents of approximately S$0.8 million, account receivables, net of approximately S$1.1 million, contract asset of approximately S$0.2 million, deferred offering costs of approximately S$0.4 million and other assets of approximately S$0.3 million. Current liabilities of S$3.8 million comprised of short-term borrowings of approximately S$2.3 million, accounts and other payables of S$0.3 million, contract liabilities of approximately S$0.3 million and current operating lease liabilities of approximately S$0.9 million. As a result of the foregoing, net current assets as of March 31, 2025 were approximately S$3.8 million.
As of March 31, 2024, current assets of approximately S$13.6 million comprised inventories, net of approximately S$4.7 million, cash and cash equivalents of approximately S$2.4 million, account receivables, net of approximately S$0.8 million, contract asset of approximately S$0.4 million, short term investment of S$5.0 million and other current assets of approximately S$0.3 million. Current liabilities of S$3.9 million comprised short-term borrowings of approximately S$1.7 million, accounts and other payables of approximately S$0.7 million, contract liabilities of approximately S$0.7 million and current operating lease liabilities of approximately S$0.8 million. As a result of the foregoing, net current assets as of March 31, 2024 were approximately S$9.6 million.
Cash Flows
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated:
| For the year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | ||||||||||
| Net cash generated from /(used in) operating activities | (3,406,476 | ) | 82,875 | 3,014,749 | ||||||||
| Net cash generated from/(used in) investing activities | (7,885,349 | ) | 2,109,293 | (1,362,402 | ) | |||||||
| Net cash (used in) generated from financing activities | 11,803,730 | (3,839,115 | ) | (890,820 | ) | |||||||
| Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 511,905 | (1,646,947 | ) | 761,527 | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the financial year | 778,563 | 2,425,510 | 1,663,983 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the financial year | 1,290,468 | 778,563 | 2,425,510 | |||||||||
Operating Activities
For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, we recorded net cash used in operating activities of approximately S$3.4 million, which consisted of net cash outflow of approximately S$1.9 million from operating activities before changes in working capital. We recorded net working capital outflow of approximately S$1.5 million mainly due to increase in prepayment of approximately S$3.1 million, which was partially offset by decrease in inventory and contract assets of approximately S$0.5 million and S$0.1million respectively, as well as an increase in payables of approximately S$0.7million and contract liabilities of approximately $0.8million respectively.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2025, we recorded net cash generated from operating activities of S$82,875, which consisted of net cash inflow of approximately S$0.5 million from operating activities before changes in working capital. We recorded net working capital outflow of approximately S$0.4 million mainly due to decrease in contract liabilities of approximately S$0.4 million and decrease in accounts payable of approximately S$0.3 million, which was partially offset by decrease in account receivables of approximately S$0.3 million.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2024, we recorded net cash generated from operating activities of approximately S$3.0 million, which consisted of net cash inflow of approximately S$1.3 million from operating activities before changes in working capital. We recorded net working capital inflow of approximately S$1.7 million mainly due to decrease in account receivables, inventories and deferred tax assets of approximately S$1.0 million, S$0.8 million and S$0.1 million, respectively, which was offset by increases in contract assets of approximately S$0.2 million.
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Investing Activities
For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, the net cash used in investing activities of approximately S$7.9 million was mainly due to net placement of approximately S$11.4 million into other investments which was partially offset by proceeds received of approximately S$3.5 million from our sales of investment property.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2025, the net cash generated from investing activities of approximately S$2.1 million was mainly due to net divestment of our other investments of S$2.0 million.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2024, the net cash used in investing activities of approximately S$1.4 million was mainly due to net placement of approximately S$1.5 million into other investments which was partially offset by interest income received of approximately S$0.1 million from our investments.
Financing Activities
For the financial year ended March 31, 2026, the net cash generated from financing activities of approximately S$11.8 million was mainly due to issuance of shares of S$13.3 million, capitalization of deferred offering cost of S$0.8 million and repayment of bank loan of approximately S$0.7 million.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2025, the net cash used in financing activities of approximately S$3.8 million was mainly due to repayment of director’s loan of approximately S$1.1 million and partial dividends paid to shareholders of our Singapore subsidiary of S$2.8 million.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2024, the net cash used in financing activities of approximately S$0.9 million was mainly due to repayment of working capital loan of approximately S$0.6 million and S$0.3 million dividends paid to shareholders of our Singapore subsidiary in FY2024.
Capital Expenditures
Our capital expenditures amounted to approximately S$63,938, S$122,541 and S$18,535 relating to the purchase of warehouse racking, motor vehicles and equipment and for the financial years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We plan to fund our future capital expenditures with our existing cash balance. We will continue to make capital expenditures to meet the expected growth of our business, including for office equipment and leasehold improvements.
Contractual Obligations
Contractual obligations are cash amounts that we are obligated to pay as part of certain contracts that we have entered into during the normal course of business. As of March 31, 2026, the future minimum payments under certain of our contractual obligations were as follows:
| Payments due in | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | Less than 1 year |
1 - 2 years | 2 - 5 years | Thereafter | ||||||||||||||||
| S$’000 | S$’000 | S$’000 | S$’000 | S$’000 | ||||||||||||||||
| Banking facilities | 1,685 | 1,685 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
| Operating leases obligations | 3,710 | 936 | 2,774 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 5,395 | 2,621 | 2,774 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.
See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Intellectual Property.”
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D. Trend Information
Other than as described elsewhere in this annual report, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our revenue, income from continuing operations, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause our reported financial information not necessarily to be indicative of future operating results or financial condition.
E. Critical Accounting Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the SEC. The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant inter-company balances and transactions within the Company have been eliminated upon consolidation.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
We have identified certain accounting policies that are significant to the preparation of our financial statements. These accounting policies are important for an understanding of our financial condition and results of operation. Critical accounting policies are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial conditions and results of operations and require management’s difficult, subjective, or complex judgment, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. The significant accounting estimates reflected in our consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, allowance for credit loss of account receivables and other current assets, allowance for inventory obsolescence and fair value measurement on financial assets. Certain accounting estimates are particularly sensitive because of their significance to financial statements and because of the possibility that future events affecting the estimate may differ significantly from management’s current judgments. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Estimates are used when accounting for items and matters including the critical accounting estimates as follows:
Cash and cash equivalents
Our management considers cash equivalents to be short-term, that are readily convertible to cash and have a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, demand deposit placed with financial institutions, which is unrestricted as to withdrawal and use. Management believes that the banks and other financial institutions are of high credit quality and continually monitors the credit worthiness of these banks and financial institutions.
Short term investment
Short term investment consists primarily of fixed deposits with original maturities of more than three months and less than one year as of the date of placement. These investments are held with financial institutions with high credit ratings and are intended to be held to maturity.
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Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
A. Directors and senior management
The following table sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers as of the date of this annual report. The business address of all of our directors and executive officers is 31 Jurong Port Road #02-20 Jurong Logistics Hub, Singapore 619115.
| Name | Age | Position/Title | ||
| Rena Ho | 52 | Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer | ||
| Nellie Ho | 47 | Executive Director and Deputy Chief Executive Officer | ||
| Rosie Lee | 64 | Executive Director and Chief Operating Officer | ||
| Sherina Low | 46 | Chief Financial Officer | ||
| Darrien Ong (1) | 47 | Independent Director and Chairman of the Board of Directors | ||
| Ng Hui Hsien (1) | 44 | Independent Director and Chair of Audit Committee | ||
| Lee How Fen (1) | 51 | Independent Director |
| (1) | Member of the Audit Committee. |
Below is a summary of the business experiences of each of our Board of Directors and Executive Officers.
Ms. Rena Ho, Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer
Ms. Rena Ho is the Executive Director and CEO of our Group and is responsible for the formulation of our Group’s strategic directions, expansion plans and managing our Group’s overall business development. In addition, she oversees local sales and marketing function of our Group. She joined our Group in 1997 and rose through the ranks from administrative assistant, local sales coordinator, becoming an executive director of SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. in 2002 and subsequently CEO in 2014. During her time with our Group, she gained experience on various products in flooring industry and spearheaded the growth of our local sales and marketing department with effective sales strategies and techniques. Ms. Ho graduated from Nanyang Technological University in Singapore with a Bachelor’s degree in Business (Honours) in 1997.
Ms. Nellie Ho, Executive Director and Deputy Chief Executive Officer
Ms. Nellie Ho is the Executive Director and Deputy CEO of our Group and her primary role is to formulate the viable expansion plans and business development for overseas markets. She is responsible for export sales and marketing function and monitoring the implementation of all expansion plans and policies for overseas markets. She joined our Group in 1999 starting as an administrative assistant, export sales coordinator, becoming an executive director of SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. in 2002 and subsequently Deputy CEO in 2014. Her experience in handling overseas customers and distributorships led to the continuous growth of our export sales. Ms. Ho has been admitted as a Certified Accounting Technician of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants in 2001.
Ms. Rosie Lee, Executive Director and Chief Operating Officer
Ms. Rosie Lee is the Executive Director and COO of our Group. Ms. Lee started her career in 1979 as administrative assistant in charge of administrative duties and local client delivery scheduling with several companies. Ms. Lee joined our Group in 1988 as administrative assistant and was promoted to administrative manager in 1996 handling local distribution sales and overseeing the administrative and warehousing functions. She was subsequently promoted to associate director in 2004 and was responsible for local and export distribution sales, purchasing and cost control. In 2014, she was promoted to the role of COO, where she is responsible for the day-to-day operations, purchasing and inventory management. Ms. Lee attained a GCE ‘O’ Level certificate in 1978.
Ms. Sherina Low, Chief Financial Officer
Ms. Sherina Low is our Chief Financial Officer. She is responsible for daily accounting and human resource matters of our Group. Ms. Low started her career working as accounts assistant for Evergreen Shipping (S) Pte Ltd, a company which is principally engaged in shipping business, from 2003 to 2005. She joined Geometra Worldwide Movers Pte Ltd which is principally engaged in logistic business in 2005 as accounts executive and was the accounts manager when she left in 2011. Prior to joining our Group in 2012, she was on a six-month contract assignment with FIL SPA Intelligence Pte Ltd as an accountant. She graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Applied Accounting (Honours) from Oxford Brookes University in 2008.
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Independent Directors
Mr. Darrien Ong, Independent Non-Executive Chairman
Mr. Darrien Ong is an independent director and chairman of the board of directors of our Company. He has more than 20 years of experience in the finance, fund management, corporate development and investment industries. Mr. Ong is an executive director at Capstone Investment Corporate Finance Pte. Ltd., a fund management and corporate finance firm licensed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore since February 2025. Prior to his current role, Mr. Ong led the corporate development department at ADA Digital Singapore Pte. Ltd., a data and artificial intelligence company that designs and executes integrated digital, analytics, and marketing solutions, operating across South and Southeast Asia. From June 2016 to April 2022, he served as an associate director of corporate development at a subsidiary of a large advertising company. He was also previously an investment director of a subsidiary of Fosun International Ltd, a company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, focusing on investments in Southeast Asia countries. From September 2005 to June 2014, Mr. Ong worked in SEAVI Venture Services Pte. Ltd., a private equity and venture capital firm in Southeast Asia where his last position was vice president. Mr. Ong obtained a bachelor’s degree in Business (Banking and Finance) from Monash University in 2003. He further obtained a master’s degree in Business Administration from Manchester Business School in 2014.
Ms. Ng Hui Hsien, Independent Non-Executive Director
Ms. Ng Hui Hsien is an independent director of our Company. She has more than 15 years of experience in audit and accounting. In her current role, she serves as a director of Prime Accountants Solutions Pte. Ltd., which she co-founded in 2021, and oversees its corporate secretarial, accounting and taxation departments. Prior to her current role, Ms. Ng was an associate director of a family-owned business, providing analyses of investment opportunities and tracking its portfolio. She was also the financial controller of two companies from September 2015 to November 2019. From March 2007 to September 2015, she worked in two public accounting firms as audit manager and audit team leader, respectively. Ms. Ng obtained her Bachelor of Science Degree in Applied Accounting from Oxford Brookes University in 2004. She is a Chartered Accountant of Singapore since 2012 and a fellowship member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants.
Ms. Lee How Fen, Independent Non-Executive Director
Ms. Lee How Fen is an independent director of our Company. Ms. Lee has more than 20 years of experience in the legal and compliance industries. She currently oversees the general operations of a family-owned business in the construction sector, focusing on finance matters and regulatory compliance. Prior to 2019, Ms. Lee was a licensed foreign counsel in Singapore with extensive experience in capital markets, commercial law, corporate finance, project financing, real property transactions, and corporate litigation. Her practice has involved handling cross-border transactions across multiple jurisdictions, including the Republic of China, Hong Kong, Russia, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Ms. Lee graduated from the University of Northumbria, United Kingdom – a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) and a Postgraduate Diploma. She is admitted as a Barrister-at-Law at the Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn and as an Advocate and Solicitor at the Malaysian Bar. In 2009, she obtained an Executive Diploma in Islamic Laws (Islamic Banking) from the International Islamic University Malaysia.
Family Relationships
As of the date of this annual report, other than Ms. Rena Ho and Ms. Nellie Ho, who are sisters, none of the other Directors or Executive Officers have a family relationship as defined in Item 401 of Regulation S-K.
Controlled Company
A group consisting of Lui Oi Kheng and her daughters, Rena Ho and Nellie Ho, owns a total of approximately 86.4% of the total voting power of our issued and outstanding share capital as of the date of this annual report making them “controlling shareholders” pursuant to applicable law. Rena Ho is a Director and CEO of the Company while Nellie Ho is a Director and Deputy CEO of the Company. This gives the group significant influence over matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of directors, amendment of organizational documents, and approval of major corporate transactions, such as a change in control, merger, consolidation, or sale of assets, and that the group will control the outcome of such matters. Thus, we are a “controlled company” under NYSE American Company Guide Section 801(a), which affords us certain corporate governance exemptions.
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B. Compensation
The following table summarizes all compensation received by our Board of Directors and our Executive Officers during the financial years ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
| Name and Principal Position | Financial Years ended March 31, |
Salary (SGD) |
Bonus (SGD) |
Other Compensation (SGD) |
Total (SGD) |
|||||||||||||||
| Rena Ho | 2025 | 236,400 | 49,250 | 16,422 | 302,072 | |||||||||||||||
| Executive Director and CEO | 2026 | 238,370 | 39,400 | 16,422 | 294,192 | |||||||||||||||
| Nellie Ho | 2025 | 204,000 | 42,500 | 16,422 | 262,922 | |||||||||||||||
| Executive Director and Deputy CEO | 2026 | 206,000 | 34,000 | 16,422 | 256,422 | |||||||||||||||
| Rosie Lee | 2025 | 234,000 | 48,750 | 11,286 | 294,036 | |||||||||||||||
| Executive Director and COO | 2026 | 235,950 | 39,000 | 11,742 | 286,692 | |||||||||||||||
| Sherina Low | 2025 | 89,700 | 18,500 | 16,422 | 124,622 | |||||||||||||||
| Executive Officer and CFO | 2026 | 93,200 | 15,400 | 16,422 | 125,022 | |||||||||||||||
| Darrien Ong | 2025 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | |||||||||||||||
| Independent Chairman | 2026 | Nil | Nil | 13,733 | 13,733 | |||||||||||||||
| Ng Hui Hsien | 2025 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | |||||||||||||||
| Independent Director | 2026 | Nil | Nil | 17,167 | 17,167 | |||||||||||||||
| Lee How Fen | 2025 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | |||||||||||||||
| Independent Director | 2026 | Nil | Nil | 13,733 | 13,733 | |||||||||||||||
C. Board practices
Foreign Private Issuer Exemption
As a “foreign private issuer” incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from NYSE American corporate governance listing requirements. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with corporate governance listing requirements of the NYSE American. We rely on home country practice to be exempted from certain NYSE American corporate governance requirements, namely (i) there is no requirement for our Company to obtain shareholder approval prior to an issuance of securities in connection with (a) the acquisition of stock or assets of another company; (b) equity-based compensation of officers, directors, employees or consultants: (c) a change of control; and (d) transactions other than public offerings; (ii) we do not have a board of directors made up of a majority of independent directors; (iii) we do not have a compensation committee or nominating and corporate governance committee; (iv) our director nominees will not be selected or recommended for selection by a majority of the independent directors and (v) our chief executive officer’s compensation will not be determined or recommended by a majority of the independent directors.
Furthermore, listing rules of NYSE American provide that a foreign private issuer, such as us, may rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of their respective rules and listing standards, subject to conditions thereof. If we rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules of NYSE American, our shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of NYSE American. If we choose to do so, we may utilize these exemptions for as long as we continue to qualify as a foreign private issuer.
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Board of Directors
Our Board of Directors consists of six directors. A director is not required to hold any shares in our Company to qualify to serve as a director. A director who is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or transaction or proposed contract or transaction with our Company is required to declare the nature of his interest at a meeting of our directors. A general notice given to the directors by any director to the effect that he is a member of any specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract or transaction which may thereafter be made with that company or firm shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of interest in regard to any contract so made or transaction so consummated. Subject to the NYSE American Rules and disqualification by the chairman of the relevant Board meeting, a director may vote in respect of any contract or transaction or proposed contract or transaction that he may be interested therein, and the director may also be counted in the quorum of any meeting of the Board at which any such contract or transaction or proposed contract or transaction shall come before the meeting for consideration. Our board of directors may exercise all of the powers of our Company to raise or borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and assets (present and future) and uncalled capital or any part thereof, to issue debentures, debenture stock, bonds and other securities, whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of the company or of any third party. None of our directors has a service contract with us that provides for benefits upon termination of service.
As a Cayman Islands company listed on the NYSE American, we are a foreign private issuer and are permitted to follow the home country practice with respect to certain corporate governance matters rather than complying with the NYSE American corporate governance standards. Cayman Islands law does not require a majority of a publicly traded company’s board of directors to be comprised of independent directors. We follow Cayman Islands practices in lieu of the requirements of the Rule 805 of the NYSE American Company Guide. The Company’s practices with regard to these requirements are not prohibited by the Companies Act (as amended) of the Cayman Islands.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Audit Committee
Our audit committee consists of our three independent directors and is chaired by Ms. Ng Hui Hsien. We have determined that Ms. Ng Hui Hsien satisfies the requirements of 803 of the NYSE American Company Guide and meet the independence standards under Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We have determined that Ms. Ng Hui Hsien qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert.” The audit committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of the financial statements of our Company. The audit committee is responsible for, among other things:
| ● | reviewing and recommending to our board for approval, the appointment, re-appointment or removal of the independent auditor, after considering its annual performance evaluation of the independent auditor; |
| ● | approving the remuneration and terms of engagement of the independent auditor and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by our independent auditors at least annually; |
| ● | reviewing with the independent registered public accounting firm any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response; |
| ● | discussing with our independent auditor, among other things, the audits of the financial statements, including whether any material information should be disclosed, issues regarding accounting and auditing principles and practices; |
| ● | reviewing and approving all proposed related party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act; |
| ● | discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm; |
| ● | reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our accounting and internal control policies and procedures and any special steps taken to monitor and control major financial risk exposures; |
| ● | approving annual audit plans, and undertaking an annual performance evaluation of the internal audit function; |
| ● | establishing and overseeing procedures for the handling of complaints and whistleblowing; and |
| ● | meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent registered public accounting firm. |
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Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees
As an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from NYSE American corporate governance listing requirements. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with corporate governance listing requirements of the NYSE American. We rely on these exemptions, and as a result we do not have a Compensation Committee or Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. See “Foreign Private Issuer” on page 81 of this annual report for additional information on our operation as a Foreign Private Issuer.
In addition, we are a “controlled company” under Section 801(a) of the NYSE American Company Guide. Accordingly, controlled companies are exempt from the corporate governance rules of the NYSE American requiring that listed companies have (i) a majority of the board of directors consist of “independent” directors under the listing standards of the NYSE American, (ii) a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written nominating/corporate governance committee charter meeting the requirements of the NYSE American, and (iii) a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written compensation committee charter meeting the requirements of the NYSE American. We utilize these exemptions, as a result, we do not have a majority of independent directors and we do not have nomination and corporate governance committee and compensation committee.
Duties of Directors
As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore it is considered that he or she owes the following duties to the company — a duty to act bona fide in the best interests of the company, a duty not to make a profit based on his or her position as director (unless the company permits him to do so) and a duty not to put himself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his or her personal interest or his or her duty to a third party. A director of a Cayman Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his or her duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his or her knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands.
Interested Transactions
A director may, subject to any separate requirement for audit committee approval under applicable law, the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association or applicable NYSE American rules, vote in respect of any contract or transaction in which he or she is interested, provided that the nature of the interest of any directors in such contract or transaction is disclosed by him or her at or prior to its consideration and any vote in that matter.
Other Corporate Governance Matters
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related rules subsequently implemented by the SEC, requires foreign private issuers, including us, to comply with various corporate governance practices. In addition, NYSE American rules provide that foreign private issuers may follow home country practices in lieu of the NYSE American corporate governance standards, subject to certain exceptions and except to the extent that such exemptions would be contrary to U.S. federal securities laws.
Because we are a foreign private issuer, our members of our board of directors, executive board members and senior management are not subject to short-swing profits provisions under section 16(b) of the Exchange Act. They are, however, subject to obligations to report changes in share ownership under section 13 of the Exchange Act and related SEC rules and insider trading reporting obligations under section 16(a) of the Exchange Act.
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As of the date of this annual report, a group consisting of Lui Oi Kheng and her daughters, Rena Ho and Nellie Ho, owns a total of approximately 86.4% of the total voting power of our issued and outstanding share capital, making them “controlling shareholders” pursuant to applicable law. Rena Ho is a Director and CEO of the Company while Nellie Ho is a Director and Deputy CEO of the Company. This gives the group significant influence over matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of directors, amendment of organizational documents, and approval of major corporate transactions, such as a change in control, merger, consolidation, or sale of assets, and that the group will control the outcome of such matters. Thus, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance rules of the NYSE American. Controlled companies are exempt from the corporate governance rules of the NYSE American requiring that listed companies have (i) a majority of the board of directors consist of “independent” directors under the listing standards of the NYSE American, (ii) a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written nominating/corporate governance committee charter meeting the requirements of the NYSE American, and (iii) a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written compensation committee charter meeting the requirements of the NYSE American. We utilize these exemptions. Thus, we do not have a majority of independent directors, and we do not have nomination and corporate governance committee and compensation committee.
Employment Agreements
On September 28, 2025, we have entered into employment agreements with each of our Executive Officers, Ms. Rena Ho, Ms. Nellie Ho, Ms. Rosie Lee and Ms. Sherina Low pursuant to which each such individuals is employed as an executive officer for a continuous term unless we or the executive officer gives prior notice to terminate such employment in accordance with the employment agreement. We may terminate the employment for cause without notice, at any time for certain acts, such as repeated or continuing breach of the executive officer’s obligations under the employment agreement, any act or conduct which would bring the executive officer or our Company into disrepute, any serious misconduct, unreasonable absenteeism or willful disobedience of our Company’s lawful orders, willful refusal to perform all or any duties, insubordination, breach of company secrecy, or violation of the applicable laws and regulations. We may also terminate the employment without cause at any time upon three (3) months’ advance written notice. Each executive officer may resign at any time upon three months’ advance written notice or upon payment of three (3) months’ remuneration in lieu of notice for the relevant notice period.
Each executive officer agrees to hold, throughout the term of his/her employment agreement and at all times thereafter, in strict confidence and not to use for his/her own account or divulge or disclose to any person, firm or company, except as required in the performance of his duties in connection with the employment or as required by applicable laws or if the information lawfully comes into the public domain, any trade secret, intellectual property, or any of confidential information of or relating to our Group the confidential information of any third party received by us and for which we owe confidentiality obligations to. Each executive officer also agrees to disclose in confidence to us all inventions, designs and trade secrets which he/she conceives, develops during his employment with us and to assign all right, title and interest in them to us, and assist us in obtaining and enforcing patents, copyrights and other legal rights for these inventions, designs and trade secrets.
In addition, each executive officer agrees to be bound by non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions during the term of the employment and for twelve (12) months following the last date of employment. Specifically, each executive officer agrees not to: (i) engage or seek to do business which shall be in competition with our business, or (ii) solicit, divert or do business with any person, firm or company who has done business with our Company in the previous twelve (12) months preceding the termination of the executive officer’s employment, or (iii) canvass or attempt to entice away the custom of any person who had in the previous twelve (12) months before the termination of the executive officer’s employment had been a customer or supplier of the our Company, or (iv) solicit, induce or attempt to induce any employee or independent contractor to terminate his or her employment or engagement with us. The employment agreements also contain other customary terms and provisions.
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The cash compensation of each executive officer is as follows:
| Executive officer | Position | Cash compensation (per month) |
||||
| Rena Ho | CEO | S$ | 20,685 | |||
| Nellie Ho | Deputy CEO | S$ | 18,000 | |||
| Rosie Lee | COO | S$ | 20,475 | |||
| Sherina Low | CFO | S$ | 8,100 | |||
Director Agreements and Indemnification Agreements
We have entered into director agreements with each of our independent directors, Mr. Darrien Ong, Ms. Ng Hui Hsien and Ms. Lee How Fen, which agreements set forth the terms and provisions of their engagement (collectively, the “Director Service Agreement”). Pursuant to the Director Service Agreement, each of them serves as an Independent Director (“Director”) of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) until the earlier of the date on which Director ceases to be a member of the Board for any reason or the date of termination of the Director Service Agreement in accordance with the terms of the Director Service Agreement. The Board consists of the independent directors and such other members as nominated and elected pursuant to the then current Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company (the “Articles”). In fulfilling their responsibilities, Directors shall be charged with fiduciary duties to the Company and all of its shareholders. Directors shall be attentive and inform themselves of all material facts regarding a decision before taking action. In addition, Director’s actions shall be motivated solely by the best interests of the Company and its shareholders.
The Company pays Ms. Ng Hui Hsien, Mr. Darrien Ong and Ms. Lee How Fen a fee of S$2,500, S$2,000 and S$2,000 per month for each month of service as Director, respectively. In the event Director ceases to be a member of the Board on a day other than the last day of a calendar month, the Director shall be paid the pro rata portion of the monthly fee for his final month of service. The Company shall reimburse Director for all reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the Director Services rendered by Director. Immediately upon the Effective Date, the Director shall be entitled to participate in the Company’s share incentive plan that the Company may adopt. The Company’s proposed director and officer liability insurance policy, if any, shall provide Director with coverage for damages and losses incurred in connection with the Director Services.
The Director Service Agreement is effective on the Effective Date and will continue for one year. Upon expiration of the Director Service Agreement, its renewal should be based on negotiations between the Company and Director. The Director Service Agreement, and the Director’s service as a member of the Board, shall terminate: at any time (i) upon thirty (30) days prior written notice by the Director of his resignation; (ii) upon the close of any shareholder’s meeting for the election of directors, if the Director is not re-elected to the Board by the Company’s shareholders at such meeting; (iii) upon removal of the Director by Ordinary Resolution as provided in the Articles; (iv) automatically if, at any time, the Director becomes disqualified under the terms of the Articles; or (v) upon a determination by a majority of the Board (not including the Director), that: (a) the Director has committed a breach of any of Director’s obligations under this Agreement; (b) the Director is or has become prohibited by any law, regulation, or rule applicable to the Company from serving as a member of the Board; (c) the Director has become unable to perform his duties under this Agreement due to health reasons, disability, or being of unsound mind, unless the Company can accommodate the Director’s health impairment or disability without the Company incurring undue hardship; (d) the Director is guilty of any serious misconduct or serious neglect in the discharge of the Director’s duties hereunder; (e) the Director’s actions or omissions bring the name or reputation of the Company, or any of Company’s affiliates, subsidiaries, or parent (each a “Group Member”) into serious disrepute or prejudices the business interests of the Company or any Group Member; or (f) the Director is charged or convicted of any criminal offence other than an offence which, in the reasonable opinion of the Board, does not affect the Director’s position as a director (bearing in mind the nature of the duties in which the Director is engaged and the capacities in which the Director is engaged).
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. Under these agreements, we agree to indemnify our directors and executive officers against certain liabilities and expenses incurred by such persons in connection with claims made by reason of their being a director or officer of our company.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
To the best of our knowledge, none of our Directors or Executive Officers has, during the past ten years, been involved in any legal proceedings described in subparagraph (f) of Item 401 of Regulation S-K. Our Directors and Executive Officers have not been involved in any transactions with us or any of our affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
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Equity Incentive Plans
SMJ Incentive Securities Plan 2025
We adopted the SMJ Incentive Securities Plan 2025 on September 5, 2025, to attract and retain the best available personnel, provide additional incentives to employees, directors and consultants, and promote the success of our business (the “Plan”).
Under the Plan, the maximum aggregate number of Class A Ordinary Shares which may be issued or transferred pursuant to all awards (including incentive share options) is fifteen percent (15%) of the total number of issued and outstanding Shares, calculated on a fully-diluted basis, as of the date of the Company’s IPO (the “Initial Share Reserve”); and on January 1 of each calendar year following the Company’s IPO, the Initial Share Reserve shall be adjusted to equal fifteen percent (15%) of the total number of issued and outstanding Shares, calculated on a fully-diluted basis, as of March 31st of the preceding calendar year, provided that after issuance of any and all such Initial Share Reserve, the then total number of issued Shares will not exceed the maximum number of authorized Shares in the authorized share capital of the Company at the relevant time.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
As of March 31, 2026 and 2025, we had no outstanding equity awards.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics, which is applicable to all of our Board of Directors, Executive Officers and employees and is publicly available.
Compensation Recovery Policy
We have adopted a compensation recovery policy to provide for the recovery of erroneously awarded incentive compensation, as required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, final SEC rules, and applicable listing standards.
D. Employees
We employed 37 full-time employees as of March 31, 2026 and 41 full-time employees as of March 31, 2025. These full-time employees were mostly located in Singapore. We believe we maintain a good working relationship with our employees, and we have not experienced any material labor disputes. None of our employees is represented by a labor union.
E. Share ownership
The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our share capital as at the date of this annual report by:
| ● | each of our Directors and Executive Officers; and |
| ● | each person known to us to own beneficially 5% and more of our ordinary shares. |
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The calculations in the shareholder table below are based on 27,705,000 ordinary shares issued and outstanding as of the date of this annual report, comprising of (i) 14,937,500 Class A Ordinary Shares, and (ii) 12,767,500 Class B Ordinary Shares.
| Class A Ordinary Shares |
Class B Ordinary Shares |
Percentage of Beneficial Ownership(2) % |
Percentage of Voting Power (3) % |
|||||||||||||
| Directors and Executive Officers(1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Rena Ho | 1,000,000 | 2,755,000 | 13.55 | % | 20.02 | % | ||||||||||
| Nellie Ho | 1,000,000 | 2,755,000 | 13.55 | % | 20.02 | % | ||||||||||
| Rosie Lee | 500,000 | 750,000 | 4.51 | % | 5.61 | % | ||||||||||
| Darrien Ong | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Ng Hui Hsien | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Lee How Fen | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Sherina Low | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Major Shareholder (other than Directors and Executive Officer)(2) | ||||||||||||||||
| Lui Oi Kheng | 1,000,000 | 6,507,500 | 27.10 | % | 46.33 | % | ||||||||||
Notes:-
| (1) | The address of our Directors, Executive Officers and Major Shareholder is 31 Jurong Port Road #02-20 Jurong Logistics Hub Singapore 619115. |
| (2) | Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the SEC rules, and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. For each person and group included in this column, percentage of beneficial ownership is calculated by dividing the number of shares beneficially owned by such person or group by the sum of the total number of shares outstanding and the number of shares such person or group has the right to acquire upon exercise of option, warrant, or other right within 60 days after the date of this annual report. |
| (3) | For each person and group included in this column, percentage of voting power is calculated by dividing the voting power beneficially owned by such person or group by the voting power of all of our Class A and Class B ordinary shares as a single class. Each holder of Class B ordinary shares is entitled to ten votes per share, and each holder of our Class A ordinary shares is entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to them for a vote. Our Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, except as may otherwise be required by law. Our Class B ordinary shares are convertible at any time by the holder thereof into Class A ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis. |
To be best of our knowledge and based on our review of our register of shareholder as of the date of this annual report, approximately 51.5% of our issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares are held in the United States by one record holder (CEDE & CO), representing 5.4% of the aggregated voting power. We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of our Company.
F. Disclosure of a registrant’s action to recover erroneously awarded compensation
Not applicable.
Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
A. Major Shareholders
See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—E. Share Ownership.”
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B. Related Party Transactions
Material Transactions with Related Parties
A related party is generally defined as (i) any person and or their immediate family hold 10% or more of the Company’s securities, (ii) the Company’s management and or their immediate family, (iii) someone that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Company, or (iv) anyone who can significantly influence the financial and operating decisions of the Company. We have adopted an audit committee charter, which requires the committee to review all related-party transactions on an ongoing basis and all such transactions be approved by the committee.
During the last two years and up to the date of this annual report, we have engaged in the following transactions with our related parties, namely Mdm. Lui Oi Kheng, Ms. Rena Ho, Ms. Nellie Ho and Ms. Rosie Lee. Except for the compensation and other arrangements described in “Executive and Director Compensation” elsewhere, our related party balances as of March 31, 2026, 2025, 2024 and transactions since April 1, 2026 are identified as follows:
Amount due to Shareholders
Amount due to Shareholders are those non-trade payables arising from transactions between the Group and Shareholders, such as advances made by the Shareholders on behalf of the Group and dividends payable. These advances are unsecured and non-interest bearing.
| As of Latest Practicable |
As of March 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| Name of Related Party | Relationship | Date | 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| US$ | S$ | S$ | S$ | |||||||||||||||
| Lui Oi Kheng | Shareholder | 1,291,374 | 1,665,000 | 1,665,000 | - | |||||||||||||
| Rena Ho | Shareholder, Director, CEO | 717,430 | 925,000 | 925,000 | 1,096,831 | |||||||||||||
| Nellie Ho | Shareholder, Director, Deputy CEO | 717,430 | 925,000 | 925,000 | - | |||||||||||||
| Rosie Lee | Shareholder, Director, COO | 143,486 | 185,000 | 185,000 | - | |||||||||||||
| Total | 2,869,720 | 3,700,000 | 3,700,000 | 1,096,831 | ||||||||||||||
Notes:
| (1) | Ms. Rena Ho had made unsecured, interest-free loan repayment on behalf of our Company’s subsidiaries, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. amounting to approximately S$1,096,831 in 2018. As of March 31, 2024, the outstanding balance due to Ms. Rena Ho amounted to approximately S$1,096,831. The amounts were fully settled in cash in January 2025. |
| (2) | On June 30, 2024, the Company’s subsidiaries, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd., declared dividends of S$6.5 million, of which S$2.8 million was paid in October 2024. Accordingly, approximately S$3.7 million remained unpaid as of March 31, 2026 which was recorded as amount due to Shareholders. |
Other Transactions with Related Parties
In 2018, Mdm. Lui Oi Kheng, Ms. Rena Ho and Ms. Nellie Ho entered into a deed of guarantee and indemnity agreement, providing personal guarantees to secure credit facilities from Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited for the benefit of SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. While the amount guaranteed is S$6,000,000, the amount of principal outstanding as of March 31, 2026 was S$1,684,634 and never exceeded S$3,000,000 during the Track Record Period. Furthermore, there were no fees paid to Mdm. Lui Oi Kheng, Ms. Rena Ho or Ms. Nellie Ho, for providing the guarantees. Refer to section titled “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - B. Liquidity and Capital Resources — Contractual Obligations” for more details.
Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions
Our Board of Directors established an audit committee, which is tasked with review and approval of all related party transactions.
C. Interests of experts and counsel
Not applicable.
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Item 8. Financial Information
A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
We have appended consolidated financial statements filed as part of this annual report. See “Item 18. Financial Statements.”
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may become a party to various legal or administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, including actions with respect to intellectual property infringement, violation of third-party licenses or other rights, breach of contract, and labor and employment claims. We are currently not a party to, and we are not aware of any threat of, any legal or administrative proceedings that, in the opinion of our management, are likely to have any material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flow, or results of operations.
Dividend Policy
We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Under Cayman Islands law, a Cayman Islands company may pay a dividend on its shares out of profits of the company or its share premium amount or a combination of both, provided that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in the company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business immediately following the date on which the distribution or dividend is paid. Therefore, as a holding company with no direct operations, we will only be able to pay dividends from our available cash on hand and funds received from our operating subsidiary incorporated in Singapore. Under Singapore law, Section 403 of the Singapore Companies Act prohibits the payment of dividends otherwise than out of profits, and dividends shall be paid in accordance with the company’s constitution and generally acceptable accounting principles in Singapore. In order for us to pay dividends to our shareholders, we will rely on the distribution of profits of Singapore subsidiary to our BVI subsidiaries, and then to our Company.
We do not have a formal dividend policy and we cannot assure you that any dividends will be paid in the future. Our ability to pay dividends will be subject to the terms of our indebtedness and depends on our Singapore subsidiary’s ability to make any payments to us, which is dependent on many factors, including our operating results, cash flows, capital expenditure requirements, legal requirements, financial condition and others. Further, while our Singapore subsidiary previously declared dividends of S$6.5 million and nil for the financial years ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2026, respectively, there can be no assurance that dividends will be paid in the future.
The declaration and payment of any future dividends will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors after taking into account various factors, including legal requirements, our subsidiaries’ ability to make payments to us, our financial condition, operating results, cash flow from operating activities, available cash and current and anticipated cash needs. Even if our Board of Directors decides to pay dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant.
B. Significant Changes
Except as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we have not experienced any significant changes since the date of our audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.
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Item 9. The Offer and Listing
A. Offer and Listing Details
Our Class A Ordinary Shares have been listed on NYSE American Market since December 4, 2025 under the symbol “SMJF.”
B. Plan of Distribution
Not applicable.
C. Markets
Our Class A Ordinary Shares have been listed on NYSE American Market since December 4, 2025 under the symbol “SMJF.”
D. Selling Shareholders
Not applicable.
E. Dilution
Not applicable.
F. Expenses of the Issue
Not applicable.
Item 10. Additional Information
A. Share Capital
Not applicable.
B. Memorandum and Articles of Association
We incorporate by reference into this annual report the description of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, Exhibit 3.1, and the description of differences in corporate laws contained in our registration statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333- 290077), as amended, initially filed with the SEC on September 5, 2025.
C. Material Contracts
We have not entered into any material contracts other than in the ordinary course of business and other than those described in “Item 4. Information on the Company” or elsewhere in this annual report.
D. Exchange Controls
There are currently no foreign exchange control restrictions or similar laws, decrees, regulatory or other requirements applicable to us that may affect the following:
| (a) | The ability to transfer funds by or to the Company in the form of repatriation of capital and remittance of profits; |
| (b) | The availability of cash and cash equivalents for use by the Company; and |
| (c) | The remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to holders of the Company’s securities. |
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E. Taxation
The following are material Cayman Islands tax, Singapore tax and U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares. This discussion does not address all of the tax consequences relating to an investment in the Class A Ordinary Shares, such as the tax consequences under U.S. state and local tax laws or under the tax laws of jurisdictions other than the Cayman Islands, Singapore and the United. Potential investors should consult their own tax advisers regarding the overall tax consequences arising in an investor’s particular situation under U.S. federal, state, local or foreign law of the ownership or disposal of the Class A Ordinary Shares
Cayman Islands Tax Considerations
The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains, or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to us levied by the government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or, after execution, brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands is a party to a double tax treaty entered with the United Kingdom in 2010 but is otherwise is not party to any double tax treaties that are applicable to any payments made to or by our Company. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.
Payments of the dividends and capital in respect of our Class A Ordinary Shares will not be subject to taxation in the Cayman Islands and no withholding will be required on the payment of a dividend or capital to any holder of our Class A Ordinary Shares, nor will gains derived from the disposal of our Class A Ordinary Shares be subject to Cayman Islands income or corporation tax.
No stamp duty is payable in the Cayman Islands in respect of the issue of our Class A Ordinary Shares or on an instrument of transfer in respect of our Class A Ordinary Shares, so long as the instrument of transfer is not executed in, brought to, or produced before a court of the Cayman Islands.
Certain Singapore Tax Considerations
Dividend Distributions
All Singapore-tax resident companies are currently under the one-tier corporate tax system, or one-tier system.
Under the one-tier system, the income tax paid by a tax resident company is a final tax and its distributable profits can be distributed to shareholders as tax exempt (one-tier) dividends. Such dividends are tax exempt in the hands of a shareholder, regardless of the tax residence status, shareholding level or legal form of the shareholder. All dividends paid by a Singapore tax resident company are tax exempt in Singapore in the hands of the shareholders regardless of their tax residency and whether the shareholder is a company or an individual. As at the date hereof, Singapore does not impose withholding tax on dividends.
Accordingly, dividends received in respect of the ordinary shares by either a resident or non-resident of Singapore are not subject to Singapore income tax (whether by withholding or otherwise), on the basis that we are a tax resident of Singapore and under the one-tier system.
For completeness, section 403(1) of the Singapore Companies Act provides that no dividend is payable to the shareholders of any company except out of the profits available for distribution. This may further be subject to the company’s constitution or shareholders’ agreement (if any). In this regard, section 403(2) of the Singapore Companies Act further provides that every director or chief executive officer of a company who willfully pays or permits to be paid any dividend in contravention of this section, upon conviction, shall:
| (a) | without prejudice to any other liability, be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding S$5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve (12) months; and |
| (b) | also be liable to the creditors of the company for the amount of the debts due by the company to them respectively to the extent by which the dividends so paid have exceeded the profits and such amount may be recovered by the creditors or the liquidator suing on behalf of the creditors. |
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Foreign shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers to take into account the tax laws of their respective countries of residence and the existence of any agreement for the avoidance of double taxation which their country of residence may have with Singapore.
Individual Income Tax
An individual is considered a tax resident in Singapore for a particular year of assessment (“YA”) if, during the preceding calendar year, he or she was physically present in Singapore or was employed in Singapore (other than as a director of a company) for 183 days or more, except for temporary absences therefrom as may be reasonable and not inconsistent with a claim by such person to be tax resident in Singapore.
Individual taxpayers (both tax resident and non-tax resident of Singapore) are liable to pay Singapore individual income tax on income accruing in or derived from Singapore, with specific exemptions. Foreign-sourced income received or deemed received in Singapore by an individual taxpayer is generally exempt from income tax in Singapore, irrespective of an individual’s tax residency status in Singapore, except when such income is acquired through a partnership in Singapore by the individual.
Between calendar year 2016 to calendar year 2022 (i.e. YA 2017 to YA 2023), a Singapore tax resident individual is subject to tax at the progressive rates, ranging from 0% to 22%, after deducting qualifying personal reliefs where applicable. With effect from calendar year 2023 (i.e. YA 2024), a Singapore tax resident individual is subject to tax at the progressive rates, ranging from 0% to 24%. Non-Singapore tax resident individuals generally face a flat tax rate of 15% on employment income or the progressive resident tax rates, whichever results in a higher tax amount. All other income derived or accruing in Singapore (such as director’s fees, consultation fees, rental income and all other income) will be subject to a flat tax rate of 22% (up to calendar year 2022 or YA 2023), and 24% (from calendar year 2023 or YA 2024 onwards).
Corporate Income Tax
A company is regarded as tax resident in Singapore if the control and management of the company’s business is exercised in Singapore. Generally, the control and management of a company’s business is vested in the board of directors of the company (i.e. the decision-making on policy and strategic matters), hence the location of a company’s board of directors meetings usually determines where such control and management is exercised.
A Singapore tax resident corporate taxpayer is subject to Singapore income tax on (i) income accruing in or derived from Singapore; and (ii) income derived from outside Singapore (i.e. foreign-sourced income) which is received or deemed received in Singapore, unless otherwise exempted.
The prevailing corporate tax rate in Singapore is 17% and taxpayers are entitled to claim partial tax exemption on the first S$200,000 of a company’s normal chargeable income as follows:
| (a) | 75% on the first S$10,000 of normal chargeable income; and |
| (b) | 50% on the next S$190,000 of normal chargeable income. |
Tax exemption will be granted to a Singapore tax resident corporate taxpayer on its foreign-sourced income, including foreign-sourced dividends, foreign branch profits and foreign-sourced service income, received or deemed to be received in Singapore, subject to meeting all the qualifying conditions
| (a) | such foreign-sourced income has been subject to tax in the foreign jurisdiction from which it is received; |
| (b) | the highest corporate income tax rate of such foreign jurisdiction from which the foreign-sourced income is received is at least 15% at the time the foreign-sourced income is received in Singapore; and |
| (c) | the Comptroller of Income Tax is satisfied that the tax exemption is beneficial to the Singapore tax resident company. |
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A non-Singapore tax resident corporate taxpayer, who is carrying on a trade or business in Singapore, is liable to Singapore income tax on income accruing in or derived from Singapore, and foreign-sourced income received or deemed received in Singapore.
The Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements and other arrangements which Singapore has entered into with various jurisdictions has also served to relieve investors of the burden of double taxation of income earned in a jurisdiction by a resident of the other jurisdiction.
Withholding tax
Singapore withholding tax (known as tax deduction at source in other countries) refers to the tax withheld and paid to the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (the “IRAS”), when a Singapore company or individual pays a non-resident payment for services of specific natures performed in Singapore. Provided for under sections 45A to 45H of the Singapore Income Tax Act, such payments include, amongst others, (i) interests, commissions or fees in connection with any loan or indebtedness; (ii) royalties or other payments for the use of or the right to use any movable property; or (iii) rent or other payment for the use of any movable property, amongst others, is subject to withholding tax when paid to non-resident companies. The rate of withholding tax is dependent on the nature of the payment. For example, payments to non-resident company director are subject to 24% withholding tax. This applies to all forms of income (salary, bonus, director’s fees, accommodation, gains from stocks and shares, and other payments). However, where such payment is made to Singapore branches of non-resident company, withholding tax is waived.
Capital Gains
Any gains considered to be in the nature of capital made from the sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares will not be taxable in Singapore to the extent that they do not fall within the ambit of Section 10L of the Singapore Income Tax Act, which came into effect on 1 January 2024. However, any gains derived by any person from the sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares which are gains from any trade, business, profession or vocation carried on by that person, if accruing in or derived from Singapore, may be taxable as such gains are considered revenue in nature.
Under Section 10L of the Singapore Income Tax Act, gains received in Singapore by an entity of a relevant group from the sale or disposal of any movable or immovable property outside Singapore will be treated as income chargeable to tax under Section 10(1)(g) of the Singapore Income Tax Act under certain circumstances. The foreign-sourced disposal gains will be subject to tax if the entity does not have adequate economic substance in Singapore and the sale or disposal of the foreign asset occurs on or after 1 January 2024. An entity is a member of a group of entities if its assets, liabilities, income, expenses and cash flows are (a) included in the consolidated financial statements of the parent entity of the group; or (b) excluded from the consolidated financial statements of the parent entity of the group solely on size or materiality grounds or on the grounds that the entity is held for sale. A group is a relevant group if (a) the entities of the group are not all incorporated, registered or established in Singapore; or (b) any entity of the group has a place of business outside Singapore.
Investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors on the applicable tax treatment if they received gains in Singapore from the disposal of the Class A Ordinary Shares.
Holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares who apply or who are required to apply Financial Reporting Standard (“FRS”) 39, FRS 109 or Singapore Financial Reporting Standard (International) 9 (“SFRS(I) 9”) (as the case may be), for Singapore income tax purposes may be required to recognize gains or losses (not being gains or losses in the nature of capital) on the Class A Ordinary Shares, irrespective of disposal, in accordance with FRS 39 or FRS 109 or SFRS(I) 9 (as the case may be).
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Goods and Services Tax (“GST”)
The sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares by a GST-registered investor belonging in Singapore to another person belonging in Singapore is an exempt supply and is therefore not subject to GST. Any input GST (e.g. GST on brokerage) incurred by the GST-registered investor in making such an exempt supply is generally not recoverable from the Comptroller of GST and constitutes an additional cost to the investor, unless certain conditions specified under the GST legislation or certain GST concessions are met by the investor. Where our Class A Ordinary Shares are sold by a GST-registered investor to a person belonging outside Singapore, and the supply directly benefits (a) a person who belongs in a country other than Singapore and who is outside Singapore at the time of the sale or (b) a GST-registered person who belongs in Singapore. The sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares qualifies for zero-rating (i.e. subject to GST at 0%). As a general rule, any input GST incurred by a GST-registered investor in the making of this zero-rated supply in the course of or furtherance of his business activities, may be recovered from the Comptroller of GST as input tax credit, subject to the normal input tax recovery rules.
Investors are advised to seek their own tax advice regarding the recoverability of GST incurred on expenses related to the purchase and disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Services consisting of arranging, broking, underwriting or advising on the issue, allotment or transfer of ownership of our Class A Ordinary Shares provided by a GST-registered person to an investor belonging in Singapore for GST purposes in connection with the investor’s purchase, sale or holding of our Shares should be subject to GST at the standard rate, presently at 9%. Such services should qualify for zero-rating if these services are contractually supplied to an investor belonging outside Singapore and the supply directly benefits (a) a person who belongs in a country other than Singapore and who is outside Singapore at the time the services are performed; or (b) a GST-registered person who belongs in Singapore.
Estate Duty
Singapore’s estate duty was abolished with respect to all deaths occurring on or after February 15, 2008.
Certain Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following discussion is a summary of U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to U.S. Holders (as defined below) of the ownership and disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares. This summary applies only to U.S. Holders that hold our Class A Ordinary Shares as capital assets (generally, property held for investment) and that have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. This summary is based on U.S. tax laws in effect as of the date of this annual report, on U.S. Treasury regulations in effect or, in some cases, proposed as of the date of this annual report, and judicial and administrative interpretations thereof available on or before such date. All of the foregoing authorities are subject to change, which could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below. No ruling has been sought from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) with respect to any U.S. federal income tax considerations described below, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position. Moreover, this summary does not address the U.S. federal estate, gift, backup withholding, and alternative minimum tax considerations, or any state, local, and non-U.S. tax considerations, relating to the ownership and disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares. The following summary does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be important to particular investors in light of their individual circumstances or to persons in special tax situations such as:
| ● | financial institutions or financial services entities; |
| ● | underwriters; |
| ● | insurance companies; |
| ● | pension plans; |
| ● | cooperatives; |
| ● | regulated investment companies; |
| ● | real estate investment trusts; |
| ● | grantor trusts; |
| ● | broker-dealers; |
| ● | traders that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting; |
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| ● | governments or agencies or instrumentalities thereof; |
| ● | certain former U.S. citizens or long-term residents; |
| ● | tax-exempt entities (including private foundations); |
| ● | persons liable for alternative minimum tax; |
| ● | persons holding stock as part of a straddle, hedging, conversion or other integrated transaction; |
| ● | persons whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; |
| ● | passive foreign investment companies; |
| ● | controlled foreign corporations; |
| ● | the Company’s officers or directors; |
| ● | holders who are not U.S. Holders; |
| ● | persons that actually or constructively own 5% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our voting stock; or |
| ● | partnerships or other entities taxable as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or persons holding Class A Ordinary Shares through such entities. |
For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our Class A Ordinary Shares that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
| ● | an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| ● | a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; |
| ● | an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| ● | a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions, or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. |
If a partnership (or other entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of our Class A Ordinary Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships holding our Class A Ordinary Shares and their partners are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding an investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares.
Persons considering an investment in our CLASS A ORDINARY Shares should consult their own tax advisors as to the particular tax consequences applicable to them relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our class a ordinary Shares including the applicability of U.S. federal, state and local tax laws and non-U.S. tax laws.
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Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on Our Class A Ordinary Shares
As discussed under “Dividend Policy” above, while we have paid out dividends in the past, there is no guarantee that any dividends will be paid in the foreseeable future. Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, a U.S. Holder generally will be required to include in gross income, in accordance with such U.S. Holder’s method of accounting for United States federal income tax purposes, as dividends the amount of any distribution paid on the Class A Ordinary Shares to the extent the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under United States federal income tax principles). Such dividends paid by us will be taxable to a corporate U.S. Holder as dividend income and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to domestic corporations in respect of dividends received from other domestic corporations. Dividends received by certain non-corporate U.S. Holders (including individuals) may be “qualified dividend income,” which is taxed at the lower capital gains rate, provided that our Class A Ordinary Shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States and the U.S. Holder satisfies certain holding periods and other requirements. In this regard, Class A Ordinary Shares generally are considered to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States if they are listed on the NYSE American, as our Class A Ordinary Shares are expected to be.
Distributions in excess of such earnings and profits generally will be applied against and reduce the U.S. Holder’s basis in its Class A Ordinary Shares (but not below zero) and, to the extent in excess of such basis, will be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of such Class A Ordinary Shares. In the event that we do not maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under United States federal income tax principles, a U.S. Holder should expect that all cash distributions will be reported as dividends for United States federal income tax purposes. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for any cash dividends paid with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares.
Dividends will generally be treated as income from foreign sources for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes and will generally constitute passive category income. Depending on the U.S. Holder’s individual facts and circumstances, a U.S. Holder may be eligible, subject to a number of complex limitations, to claim a foreign tax credit not in excess of any applicable treaty rate in respect of any foreign withholding taxes imposed on dividends received on our Class A Ordinary Shares. A U.S. Holder who does not elect to claim a foreign tax credit for foreign tax withheld may instead claim a deduction, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in respect of such withholding, but only for a year in which such U.S. Holder elects to do so for all creditable foreign income taxes. The rules governing the foreign tax credit are complex and their outcome depends in large part on the U.S. Holder’s individual facts and circumstances. Accordingly, U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances.
Taxation of Sale or Other Disposition of Our Class A Ordinary Shares
Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules,” a U.S. Holder will generally recognize capital gain or loss upon the sale or other disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized upon the disposition and the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in such Class A Ordinary Shares. Any capital gain or loss will be long term if the Class A Ordinary Shares have been held for more than one year and will generally be U.S.-source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Long-term capital gains of non-corporate taxpayers are currently eligible for reduced rates of taxation. The deductibility of a capital loss may be subject to limitations. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences if a foreign tax is imposed on a disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares, including the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
A non-U.S. corporation, such as our company, will be classified as a PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, if either (i) 75% or more of its gross income for such year consists of certain types of “passive” income or (ii) 50% or more of the value of its assets (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) during such year is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. For this purpose, cash and cash equivalents are categorized as passive assets and the company’s goodwill and other unbooked intangibles are taken into account as non-passive assets. Passive income generally includes, among other things, dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains from the disposition of passive assets. We will be treated as owning a proportionate share of the assets and earning a proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, more than 25% (by value) of the stock.
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No assurance can be given as to whether we may be or may become a PFIC, as this is a factual determination made annually that will depend, in part, upon the composition of our income and assets. Furthermore, the composition of our income and assets may also be affected by how, and how quickly, we use our liquid assets and the cash raised in our recent IPO. Under circumstances where our revenue from activities that produce passive income significantly increase relative to our revenue from activities that produce non-passive income, or where we determine not to deploy significant amounts of cash for active purposes, our risk of becoming classified as a PFIC may substantially increase. In addition, because there are uncertainties in the application of the relevant rules, it is possible that the IRS may challenge our classification of certain income and assets as non-passive or our valuation of our tangible and intangible assets, each of which may result in our becoming a PFIC for the current or subsequent taxable years. If we were classified as a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. Holder held our Class A Ordinary Shares, we generally would continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which such U.S. Holder held our Class A Ordinary Shares even if we cease to be a PFIC in subsequent years, unless certain elections are made. Our U.S. counsel expresses no opinion with respect to our PFIC status for any taxable year.
If we are classified as a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our Class A Ordinary Shares, and unless the U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election (as described below), the U.S. Holder will generally be subject to special tax rules that have a penalizing effect, regardless of whether we remain a PFIC, on (i) any excess distribution that we make to the U.S. Holder (which generally means any distribution paid during a taxable year to a U.S. Holder that is greater than 125 percent of the average annual distributions paid in the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the Class A Ordinary Shares), and (ii) any gain realized on the sale or other disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares. Under these rules,
| ● | the U.S. Holder’s gain or excess distribution will be allocated ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the Class A Ordinary Shares; |
| ● | the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable years in the U.S. Holder’s holding period prior to the first taxable year in which we are classified as a PFIC (each, a “pre-PFIC year”), will be taxable as ordinary income; |
| ● | the amount allocated to each prior taxable year, other than a pre-PFIC year, will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for individuals or corporations, as appropriate, for that year; and |
| ● | an additional tax equal to the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed in respect of the tax attributable to each prior taxable year, other than a pre-PFIC year, of the U.S. Holder. |
If we are treated as a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our Class A Ordinary Shares, or if any of our subsidiaries is also a PFIC, such U.S. Holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of any lower-tier PFICs for purposes of the application of these rules. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to any of our subsidiaries.
As an alternative to the foregoing rules, a U.S. Holder of “marketable stock” in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election with respect to such stock, provided that such stock is “regularly traded” within the meaning of applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. If our Class A Ordinary Shares qualify as being regularly traded, and an election is made, the U.S. Holder will generally (i) include as ordinary income for each taxable year that we are a PFIC the excess, if any, of the fair market value of Class A Ordinary Shares held at the end of the taxable year over the adjusted tax basis of such Class A Ordinary Shares and (ii) deduct as an ordinary loss the excess, if any, of the adjusted tax basis of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the fair market value of such Class A Ordinary Shares held at the end of the taxable year, but such deduction will only be allowed to the extent of the amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. The U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the Class A Ordinary Shares would be adjusted to reflect any income or loss resulting from the mark-to-market election. If a U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election in respect of a corporation classified as a PFIC and such corporation ceases to be classified as a PFIC, the U.S. Holder will not be required to take into account the gain or loss described above during any period that such corporation is not classified as a PFIC. If a U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election, any gain such U.S. Holder recognizes upon the sale or other disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares in a year when we are a PFIC will be treated as ordinary income and any loss will be treated as ordinary loss, but such loss will only be treated as ordinary loss to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election.
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Because a mark-to-market election cannot be made for any lower-tier PFICs that we may own, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to such U.S. Holder’s indirect interest in any investments held by us that are treated as an equity interest in a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Furthermore, as an alternative to the foregoing rules, a U.S. Holder that owns stock of a PFIC generally may make a “qualified electing fund” election regarding such corporation to elect out of the PFIC rules described above regarding excess distributions and recognized gains. However, we do not intend to provide information necessary for U.S. Holders to make qualified electing fund elections which, if available, would result in tax treatment different from the general tax treatment for PFICs described above.
If a U.S. Holder owns our Class A Ordinary Shares during any taxable year that we are a PFIC, the U.S. Holder must generally file an annual IRS Form 8621 and provide such other information as may be required by the U.S. Treasury Department, whether or not a mark-to-market election is or has been made. If we are or become a PFIC, you should consult your tax advisor regarding any reporting requirements that may apply to you.
You should consult your tax advisors regarding how the PFIC rules apply to your investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Certain U.S. Holders are required to report information to the IRS relating to an interest in “specified foreign financial assets,” including shares issued by a non-United States corporation, for any year in which the aggregate value of all specified foreign financial assets exceeds $50,000 (or a higher dollar amount prescribed by the IRS), subject to certain exceptions (including an exception for shares held in custodial accounts maintained with a U.S. financial institution). These rules also impose penalties if a U.S. Holder is required to submit such information to the IRS and fails to do so.
In addition, dividend payments with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be subject to additional information reporting to the IRS and possible U.S. backup withholding. Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a U.S. Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification on IRS Form W-9 or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. U.S. Holders who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on IRS Form W-9. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information. We do not intend to withhold taxes for individual Shareholders. However, transactions effected through certain brokers or other intermediaries may be subject to withholding taxes (including backup withholding), and such brokers or intermediaries may be required by law to withhold such taxes.
IT IS NOT TAX ADVICE. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE PARTICULAR U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF OUR CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAWS.
F. Dividends and Paying Agents
Not applicable.
G. Statement by Experts
Not applicable.
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H. Documents on Display
We are subject to the periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act. Under the Exchange Act, we are required to file reports and other information with the SEC. Specifically, we are required to file annually a Form 20-F within four months after the end of each fiscal year. The SEC maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding registrants that make electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR system. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules of the Exchange Act prescribing, among other things, the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
I. Subsidiary Information
Not applicable.
J. Annual Report to Security Holders
Not applicable.
Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Concentration of Suppliers
The following table sets forth a summary of suppliers who represent 10% or more of our purchases:
| For the financial years ended March 31, |
||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | |||||||
| Amount of our purchases | S$ | S$ | ||||||
| Supplier A | 1,296,183 | 2,080,441 | ||||||
| Supplier B | 755,136 | - | ||||||
| Supplier C | 5,266,343 | 4,551,796 | ||||||
| Supplier D | 1,071,825 | 1,284,834 | ||||||
The following table sets forth a summary of suppliers who represent 10% or more of our accounts payable:
| For the financial years ended March 31, |
||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | |||||||
| Amount of our accounts payable | S$ | S$ | ||||||
| Supplier C | 118,026 | 257,207 | ||||||
All of our major suppliers are located in Thailand and PRC. The fluctuations in our purchases vary according to the demand for our products, which in turn is dependent on changing customer preferences and fashion trends. Each supplier has their own specific designs and product range. On a year-to-year basis, some suppliers may see more purchases depending on the prevailing customer preferences and fashion trends, as well as our need to replenish our stockpile of those designs. Hence, year-on-year comparison of purchases from each individual supplier may not be strictly comparative.
Our Directors believe that our profitability will not be materially affected by the loss of any of our suppliers as long as we are able to source for flooring products of comparable quality and prices from alternative suppliers in a timely manner.
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To the best of our Directors’ knowledge, we are not aware of any information or arrangements which would lead to a cessation or termination of our current relationship with any of our major suppliers. Our business and profitability are currently not dependent on any particular industrial, commercial or financial contract with any of our regular suppliers.
Concentration of Customers
The following table sets forth a summary of single customers who represent 10% or more of our total revenue:
| For the financial years ended March 31, |
||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | |||||||
| Amount of our revenue | S$ | S$ | ||||||
| Customer A | 2,525,301 | 2,703,318 | ||||||
| Customer B | 1,726,758 | 1,857,001 | ||||||
The following table sets forth a summary of single customers who represent 10% or more of our account receivables:
| For the financial years ended March 31, |
||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | |||||||
| Amount of our account receivables | S$ | S$ | ||||||
| Customer B | 322,159 | 527,623 | ||||||
We do not typically enter into long term agreements with our customers. Revenue generated by each customer varies from year to year as the nature of our business is primarily project-based, and is subject to the value of the projects which we secure from them and time taken to complete such projects. We may not be able to secure similar projects in terms of size and scope with the same customer in subsequent years.
Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially expose us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, account receivables, investments and other current assets. As of March 31, 2026 all of our cash and cash equivalents were held in financial institutions with high credit ratings and quality in Singapore. Management believes that these financial institutions are of high credit quality and continually monitors the credit worthiness of these financial institutions. Should any bank holding cash become insolvent, or if our Company is otherwise unable to withdraw funds, our Company would lose the cash with that bank; however, our Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes we are not exposed to any significant risks on its cash in bank accounts. In Singapore, a depositor has up to S$100,000 insured by Singapore Deposit Insurance Corporation (“SDIC”).
Account receivables, net primarily comprise of amounts receivable from customers. Our account receivables are short term in nature and the associated risk is minimal. To reduce credit risk, we perform ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of these customers and generally does not require collateral or other security from the customers. We periodically evaluate the creditworthiness of our existing customers in determining the allowance for doubtful accounts primarily based upon the age of the receivables and factors surrounding the credit risk of specific clients. Historically, such losses have been within management’s expectations.
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Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that we will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with our financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. Our approach to managing liquidity is to regularly monitor our liquidity requirements and to ensure, as far as possible, that we will always have sufficient liquidity to meet our liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to our reputation.
Inflation Risk
Inflationary factors, such as increases in personnel and overhead costs, could impair our operating results. Although we do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our financial position or results of operations to date, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of gross margin and operating expenses as a percentage of sales revenue if our revenue does not increase.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to interest rate risk as we rely on short-term trade financing facilities such as trust receipts, to support our export sales. Our interests rate for Singapore dollars denominated transactions is based on the bank’s prevailing prime lending rate while our interests rate for foreign currency are based on 2.5% p.a. over the bank’s prevailing cost of funds as determined by the bank. Although interest rates for our short-term trade financing facilities are fixed during the terms, which are typically 120 days, our interest rates are subject to change at each drawdown.
Foreign Exchange Risk
Our reporting currency is Singapore dollar as our operating entity’s functional currency is Singapore dollar since we transact predominantly in Singapore dollar. Other than Singapore dollar, we also transact in United States dollar mainly in export sales and import purchases. As a result, we are exposed to foreign exchange risk as our results of operations may be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate among Singapore dollar and United States dollar.
We will be exposed to adverse fluctuations of the United States dollar against the Singapore dollar to the extent that our sales, purchases and purchases related expenses amounts are not matched in the same currency and the timing differences between invoicing and collections and/or payments. Such adverse fluctuations will adversely impact our profitability.
Currently we do not have any hedging policy with respect to the foreign currency exchange exposure as our Board is of the opinion that the exposure is insignificant and manageable. In the event that the risk becomes significant in the future, we will monitor closely and will consider hedging any material foreign exchange currency exposure should the need arise. Should the need arise, we may hedge our significant foreign currency denominated transactions in the future after taking into account the foreign currency exchange exposure, the exposure period and the hedging costs.
Item 12. Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities
A. Debt Securities
Not applicable.
B. Warrants and Rights
Not applicable.
C. Other Securities
Not applicable.
D. American Depositary Shares
Not applicable.
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Part II
Item 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
None.
Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
On November 24, 2025, the Company’s registration statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-290077), as amended, previously filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on September 5, 2025, and subsequently became effective in accordance with the provisions of Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933.
On December 4, 2025, we completed our IPO in which we issued and sold an aggregate of 2,500,000 Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0002 per share at a public offering price of US$4.00 per share (the “Offering Price”), for a total of US$10,000,000 of gross proceeds to the Company, before deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses. In addition, the Underwriters exercised its overallotments and purchased 205,000 Class A ordinary shares. Thus, the Company received gross proceeds amounting to US$10,820,000 before deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses. We received net proceeds of approximately S$13,330,440 after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses of S$1,276,560. No payments for such expenses were made directly or indirectly to (i) any of our officers or directors or their associates, (ii) any persons owning 10% or more of any class of our equity securities or (iii) any of our affiliates. The offering terminated after the sale of all securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement.
For the year ended March 31, 2026, approximately S$5,984,597 of our IPO proceeds have been used, approximately 55.9% of which (S$3,345,000) was for strengthening and expanding sale and distribution networks and approximately 44.1% of which (S$2,639,597) was for general corporate purposes and working capital. We still intend to use the proceeds from our IPO, as disclosed in our registration statements on Form F-1, to invest in (i) our inventory stocking program, (ii) strategic acquisition and investment, (iii) strengthening and expanding sale and distribution networks and (iv) general corporate purposes and working capital.
Item 15. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures means controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in SEC’s rule and forms and that such information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, our senior management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report, Based upon that evaluation, our senior management has concluded that, as of March 31, 2026, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
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Internal Control over Financial Reporting
In the course of auditing our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2026, we and our auditor have identified the following material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting: (a) lack of sufficient full-time personnel with appropriate levels of accounting knowledge and experience to address complex U.S. GAAP accounting issues and (b) to prepare and review financial statements and related disclosures under U.S. GAAP. We intend to hiring more qualified staff who are familiar with the U.S. GAAP to improve our internal control over financial reporting.
The process of designing and implementing an effective financial reporting system is a continuous effort that requires us to anticipate and react to changes in our business and the economic and regulatory environments and to expend significant resources to maintain a financial reporting system that is adequate to satisfy our reporting obligation. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting, our ability to timely produce accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.”
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
This annual report on Form 20-F does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting due to a transition period established by rules of the SEC for newly public companies. Beginning with our second annual report on Form 20-F after we become a company whose securities are publicly listed in the United States, we will be required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting.
Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm
This annual report on Form 20-F does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. As an emerging growth company and a non-accelerated filer, we are not required to provide an auditor attestation report on internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this annual report on Form 20-F that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 16. [Reserved]
Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert
Ms. Ng Hui Hsien qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in Item 16A of Form 20-F. Ms. Ng Hui Hsien satisfies the “independence” requirements of NYSE American Section 803A as well as the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act.
Item 16B. Code of Ethics
Our board of directors has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics, which is applicable to all of our directors, officers, and employees. Our code of business conduct and ethics is publicly available on our website.
79
Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The following table sets forth the aggregate fees by categories specified below in connection with certain professional services rendered and billed by Assentsure PAC, our independent registered public accounting firm for the periods indicated.
| For the Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Audit fees (1) | $ | 186,949 | 201,090 | - | ||||||||
| Audit-Related fees | 23,268 | 18,648 | - | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 210,217 | 219,738 | - | ||||||||
| (1) | Audit fees include the aggregate fees billed for each of the fiscal years for professional services rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm for the audit of our annual financial statements and review of the interim financial statements in connection with statutory and regulatory filings |
The policy of our audit committee is to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm, including audit services, audit-related services, tax services, and other services as described above.
Item 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees
Not applicable.
Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
None.
Item 16F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant
None.
Item 16G. Corporate Governance
Emerging Growth Company
We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). As such, we are eligible, for up to five years, to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other publicly traded entities that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include:
| ● | the ability to include only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations disclosure; |
| ● | exemptions from the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting; | |
| ● | to the extent that we no longer qualify as a foreign private issuer, (i) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and (ii) exemptions from the requirement to hold a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation, including golden parachute compensation. |
We may take advantage of these provisions until the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our IPO which is December 4, 2030 or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company.
As a result, the information contained in this annual report may be different from the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold shares. We do not know if some investors will find our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. The result may be a less active trading market for the Class A Ordinary Shares, and the price of the Class A Ordinary Shares may become more volatile.
80
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of: (1) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenue exceeds $1.235 billion; (2) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of our IPO which is December 4, 2025; (3) the date that we become a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of the Shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter; or (4) the date on which we have issued more than $1.00 billion in non-convertible debt securities during any three-year period.
Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, for complying with new or revised accounting standards. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards and acknowledge such election is irrevocable pursuant to Section 107 of the JOBS Act.
Foreign Private Issuer
As a public company, we report under the Exchange Act as a non-U.S. company with foreign private issuer status. Even after we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, as long as we qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we will be exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. domestic public companies, including:
| ● | the rules under the Exchange Act requiring domestic filers to issue financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP; | |
| ● | the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; | |
| ● | the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and | |
| ● | the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q containing unaudited financial and other specific information, or current reports on Form 8-K, upon the occurrence of specified significant events. |
Notwithstanding these exemptions, we will file with the SEC, within four months after the end of each fiscal year, or such applicable time as required by the SEC, an annual report on Form 20-F containing financial statements audited by an independent registered public accounting firm.
We may take advantage of these exemptions until such time as we are no longer a foreign private issuer. We would cease to be a foreign private issuer at such time as more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities are held by U.S. residents and any of the following three circumstances applies: (i) the majority of our Executive Officers or members of our Board of Directors are U.S. citizens or residents, (ii) more than 50% of our assets are located in the United States, or (iii) our business is administered principally in the United States.
Both foreign private issuers and emerging growth companies are also exempt from certain more extensive executive compensation disclosure rules. Thus, even if we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, but remain a foreign private issuer, we will continue to be exempt from the more extensive compensation disclosures required of companies that are neither an emerging growth company nor a foreign private issuer and will continue to be permitted to follow our home country practice on such matters.
As an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are also permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from NYSE American corporate governance listing requirements. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with corporate governance listing requirements of the NYSE American. We follow and rely on home country practice to be exempted from certain NYSE American corporate governance requirements, namely (i) there will be no requirement for our Company to obtain shareholder approval prior to an issuance of securities in connection with (a) the acquisition of stock or assets of another company; (b) equity-based compensation of officers, directors, employees or consultants: (c) a change of control; and (d) transactions other than public offerings; (ii) we will not have a board of directors made up of a majority of independent directors; (iii) we will not have a compensation committee or nominating and corporate governance committee; (iv) our director nominees will not be selected or recommended for selection by a majority of the independent directors and (v) our chief executive officer’s compensation will not be determined or recommended by a majority of the independent directors.
81
Controlled Company
As of date of this annual report, a group consisting of Lui Oi Kheng and her daughters, Rena Ho and Nellie Ho, owns a total of approximately 86.4% of the total voting power of our issued and outstanding share capital, making them “controlling shareholders” pursuant to applicable law. Rena Ho is a Director and CEO of the Company while Nellie Ho is a Director and Deputy CEO of the Company. This gives the group significant influence over matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of directors, amendment of organizational documents, and approval of major corporate transactions, such as a change in control, merger, consolidation, or sale of assets, and that the group will control the outcome of such matters. Thus, we are a “controlled company” under NYSE American Company Guide Section 801(a), which affords us certain corporate governance exemptions.
For so long as we remain a “controlled company,” we are permitted to elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements. If we rely on these exemptions, you will not have the same protection afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to these corporate governance requirements. A “controlled company” under the NYSE American corporate governance rules is a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company. Accordingly, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance rules of the NYSE American. Controlled companies are exempt from the corporate governance rules of the NYSE American requiring that listed companies have (i) a majority of the board of directors consist of “independent” directors under the listing standards of the NYSE American, (ii) a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written nominating/corporate governance committee charter meeting the requirements of the NYSE American, and (iii) a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written compensation committee charter meeting the requirements of the NYSE American. We utilize these exemptions, as a result, we do not have a majority of independent directors and we do not have nomination and corporate governance committee and compensation committee. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE American.
Even if we cease to be a controlled company, we can still rely on exemptions available to foreign private issuers. See section titled “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors — We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the Exchange Act, and as such we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to United States domestic public companies.”
In addition, as a result of the dual-class share structure and the concentration of ownership, holders of Class B Ordinary Shares will have considerable influence over matters such as decisions regarding mergers and consolidations, election of directors and other significant corporate actions. For a detailed description of the risks associated with our dual-class structure, see section titled “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares” on page 12 of this annual report.
Item 16H. Mine Safety Disclosure
Not applicable.
Item 16I. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not applicable.
82
Item 16J. Insider Trading Policies
Our board of directors has
Our board of directors has also adopted a compensation recovery policy, the form of which is attached as Exhibit 97.1 to this annual report.
Item 16K. Cybersecurity
We believe cybersecurity is fundamental to our operations and are committed to maintaining robust governance and oversight of cybersecurity risks. We implement comprehensive processes to identify, assess, and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats as part of our broader risk management framework.
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy
We have implemented comprehensive cybersecurity risk assessment procedures to ensure effectiveness in cybersecurity management, strategy and governance and reporting cybersecurity risks. Our approach to managing cybersecurity risks and safeguarding sensitive data is multi-faceted, involving technological safeguards, a program of surveillance on our corporate network, continuous testing of aspects of our security posture, and regular cybersecurity training sessions for our key employees. Our IT department is actively engaged in continuous monitoring of the performance of our infrastructure to ensure prompt identification and response to potential issues, including potential cybersecurity threats.
Save as disclosed in this annual report, we have not experienced any material cybersecurity incidents or identified any material cybersecurity threats that have affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition.
Data Privacy and Safety
We have comprehensive procedures to ensure data
security, employing encryption and firewalls to prevent and detect risks. Confidential data is stored and transmitted encrypted on separate
servers, with regular backups. We prohibit unauthorized
Governance
Our board of directors oversees cybersecurity
risks and incidents, including disclosure compliance and law enforcement cooperation, as we lack a dedicated cybersecurity committee.
Senior management regularly discusses cyber risks with the board and reports material incidents.
Key Elements of Our Approach
| 1. | Continuous monitoring of cybersecurity threats using data analytics and network systems. |
| 2. | Engagement of third-party consultants to assess vulnerabilities in our security systems. |
| 3. | Materiality assessment of incidents by senior management and the board, with external input as needed. |
| 4. | Board oversight of cybersecurity risks and disclosure compliance. |
| 5. | Training—We maintain cybersecurity policies and provide periodic employee training to ensure compliance and risk reporting. |
Investment and Impact
We continue to invest in cybersecurity systems and controls. Our operations and financial condition have not been materially affected by cybersecurity threats or past incidents, but future risks could have an impact. While we dedicate resources to managing these risks, our efforts may not fully prevent or remediate incidents, potentially affecting our business, reputation, and financial condition.
83
Part III
Item 17. Financial Statements
We have elected to provide financial statements pursuant to Item 18.
Item 18. Financial Statements
The consolidated financial statements of SMJ International Holdings Inc., and its operating entities are included at the end of this annual report.
Item 19. Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
List all exhibits filed as part of the registration statement or annual report, including exhibits incorporated by reference.
84
| 12.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * | ||||||||||
| 12.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * | ||||||||||
| 13.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ** | ||||||||||
| 13.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ** | ||||||||||
| 97.1 | Form of Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy | F-1/A | 333-290077 | 99.2 | 11/5/2025 | |||||||
| 101 | The following financial statements from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended March 31, 2026, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iii) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags | * | ||||||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | * | ||||||||||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document | * | ||||||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | * | ||||||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | * | ||||||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | * | ||||||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | * | ||||||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | * | ||||||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | * |
| * | Filed herewith. |
| ** | Furnished herewith. |
85
SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
| SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Rena Ho | |
| Rena Ho | ||
| Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director | ||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: July 28, 2026 | ||
86
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of SMJ International Holdings Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SMJ International Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) as of March 31, 2026, and 2025, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity, and consolidated statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2026, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2026, and 2025, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2026, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and in accordance with the auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/
July 28, 2026
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2024.
PCAOB ID Number
F-2
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||||||
| Current assets | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||||||
| Other investment | ||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||||||
| Inventories, net | ||||||||||||
| Contract asset | ||||||||||||
| Deferred offering costs | ||||||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||||||
| Non-current assets | ||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets, net | ||||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||||||
| Prepayment | ||||||||||||
| Other investments | ||||||||||||
| Total non-current assets | ||||||||||||
| TOTAL ASSETS | ||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES | ||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | ||||||||||||
| Accruals and other payables | ||||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Income taxes payable | ||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | ||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Amount due to shareholders | ||||||||||||
| Provision | ||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Total non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES | ||||||||||||
| SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||
| Ordinary shares, Class A, US$ |
||||||||||||
| Ordinary shares, Class B, US$ |
||||||||||||
| Additional paid in capital | ||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | ||||||||||||
| Total equity | ||||||||||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||
| * |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-3
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
| For the year ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling and distribution expenses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Depreciation expenses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Operating lease expense | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Income (Loss) from operations | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Other income (expenses), net: | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income | ||||||||||||||||
| Other loss | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Finance expense | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Total other income (expenses), net | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before taxes | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Income tax expenses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Net income (loss), representing total comprehensive income (loss) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per share attributable to ordinary shareholder | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in computing net income per share | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | * | * | ||||||||||||||
| * |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
| Ordinary shares, Class A | Ordinary shares, Class B | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Shares | Additional paid in |
Retained | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding | Par value | Outstanding | Par value | capital | earnings | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | S$ | S$ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of April 1, 2023* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net profit | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividend declared (Note 13) | - | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of April 1, 2024* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net profit | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividend declared (Note 13) | - | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2025* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of share | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | ||||||||||||||||
| * |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| For the year ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Inventories written off | ||||||||||||||||
| Inventories write-downs to net realizable value | ||||||||||||||||
| Allowance (Reversal) for inventory obsolescence | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Reversal of allowance for credit loss | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Property and equipment written off | ||||||||||||||||
| Gain on disposal of property and equipment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Dividend income | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Fair value (gain) loss on other investment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Realized (gain) loss on disposal of other investment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Bad debts written off | ||||||||||||||||
| ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||
| Change in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Account receivables | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Inventories | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Contract assets | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Deposit, prepaid expenses and other current | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Prepayments | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Account payable | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Accruals and other payables | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Tax payables | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Net cash generated from (used in) operating activities | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividend received | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest received | ||||||||||||||||
| Net (placement) withdrawal of short-term investment | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Net purchase of investment securities | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Net cash (used in) generated from investing activities | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of working capital loan | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Proceeds from working capital loan | ||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized offering costs | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||
| Repayment of director loan | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds from initial public offering | ||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) generated from financing activities | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents - beginning of year | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents - end of year | ||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| For the year ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for income tax | ||||||||||||||||
| NON-CASH TRANSACTION: | ||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
| Deferred offering costs reclassified to APIC | ||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 1 | Organization and business overview |
SMJ International Holdings Inc.
is an investment holding company incorporated on
The Company is a Singapore based premier flooring specialists serving the commercial and institutional sectors in Asia, with a well-established reputation and track record of more than 35 years. The Company generates revenues mainly through the sale and distribution of a wide range of premier flooring products such as carpet tiles, broadloom carpets and vinyl tiles under our proprietary brand known as “SMJ” in Singapore and over 20 countries mainly in Asia. These overseas markets include Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Hong Kong, PRC, Taiwan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei, India, Sri Lanka, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Maldives, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, Australia, Kuwait and United Kingdom.
On April 28, 2025, the Company completed
a reorganization under common control of its then existing shareholders, who collectively owned all the equity interests of SMJ Furnishings
(S) Pte. Ltd. through SMJ Furnishings Inc. prior to the reorganization. Pursuant to the reorganization, all shareholders of SMJ Furnishings
Inc. transferred their respective ordinary shares in the capital of SMJ Furnishings Inc. to the Company. The consideration for the share
transfers was satisfied by the allotment and issuance of
Upon completion of the reorganization
the Company has
Upon completion of the reorganization, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. has become a subsidiary of SMJ Furnishings Inc., which is in turn, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
The consolidation of the Company and its subsidiaries has been accounted for at historical cost and prepared on the basis as if the reorganization became effective as of the beginning of the first period presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company.
The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the following entities:
| Name | Date of incorporation | Percentage of direct or indirect interests | Place of incorporation | Principal activities | ||||
| SMJ International Holdings Inc. | ||||||||
| SMJ Furnishings Inc. | ||||||||
| SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. | of flooring products. |
F-8
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies |
Basis of presentation
This summary of significant accounting policies is presented to assist in understanding the Company’s consolidated financial statements and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the financial statements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
| Consolidation |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company balances, investment and capital, if any, have been eliminated upon consolidation.
| Reclassification |
Certain amounts in the prior year’s
consolidated balance sheet have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. Specifically, S$
Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, estimated useful lives of property and equipment, allowance for slow-moving and obsolete inventories, allowance for credit losses on accounts receivables, determination of the incremental borrowing rate for lease accounting, fair value measurement of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), revenue recognition, including identification of performance obligations and allocation of transaction price, assessment of valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.
Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers cash equivalents to be short-term, that are readily convertible to cash and have a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, demand deposit placed with financial institutions, which is unrestricted as to withdrawal and use. Management believes that the banks and other financial institutions are of high credit quality and continually monitors the credit worthiness of these banks and financial institutions.
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable mainly represent amounts due from customers that meet the revenue recognition criteria. These accounts receivables are recorded net of any allowance for credit losses. The Company maintains an allowance for estimated credit losses inherent in its accounts receivable portfolio. In establishing the required allowance, management considers historical losses adjusted to take into account current market conditions and the Company’s customers’ financial condition, the receivable amount in dispute, and the current receivables aging and current payment patterns, over the contractual life of the receivable. Forward-looking information is also considered in the evaluation of current expected credit losses. The Company writes off the receivable when it is determined to be uncollectible.
F-9
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d) |
Other current assets
Other current assets primarily consist of deposits, prepayments, interest receivables and other receivables. As of March 31, 2025 and 2026 management believes that the Company’s other current assets are not impaired.
Inventories, net
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost of inventories is based on the weighted average principle, and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location and condition. Where necessary, allowance is provided for damaged, obsolete and slow-moving items to adjust the carrying value of inventories to the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to be incurred for selling and distribution.
Deferred offering costs
Pursuant to ASC 340-10-S99-1, offering costs directly attributable to an offering of equity securities are deferred and would be charged against the gross proceeds of the offering as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. These costs include legal fees related to the registration drafting and counsel, consulting fees related to the registration preparation, the SEC filing and print related costs.
Upon the consummation of the IPO, the deferred offering costs were reclassified to equity and recorded as a reduction of the gross proceeds from the offering within additional paid-in capital (“APIC”). Any costs that were not directly attributable to the IPO were expensed as incurred in the consolidated statements of operations.
Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment are stated
at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment if applicable.
| Property and equipment | Expected useful life (Number of years) | |
| Freehold property | ||
| Computer | ||
| Furniture and fittings | ||
| Office equipment | ||
| Motor vehicles | ||
| Leasehold improvements |
The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, while additions renewals and betterments, which are expected to extend the useful life of assets, are capitalized. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.
The Company reviews property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of the assets based on the undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate and recognize an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. If an impairment is identified, the Company would reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values.
F-10
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d) |
Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities
On October 1, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02. Under this guidance, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception, operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. As the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable for the operating lease, the Company generally uses an incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of future lease payments. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU assets”) assets represent the Company’s right to control the use of an identified asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets are generally recognized based on the amount of the initial measurement of the operating lease liabilities. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance to combine the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for operating lease associated with the Company’s office space lease, and to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company has an operating lease for office and equipment, including an option to renew which is at the Company’s sole discretion. The renewal to extend the lease term is excluded from the Company’s ROU assets and operating lease liabilities due to uncertainty about its exercise. The Company regularly evaluates the renewal option, and, when it is reasonably certain of exercise, the Company will include the renewal period in its lease term. New lease modifications result in re-measurement of the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities. The Company’s lease agreement does not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
The operating lease is included in right-of-use assets, net, operating lease liabilities-current and operating lease liabilities-non-current on the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company has elected to not recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. Lease payments associated with these leases are expensed as incurred.
Impairment of long-lived assets
The Company evaluates the recoverability of its long-lived assets (asset groups), including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of its asset (asset group) may not be fully recoverable. When these events occur, the Company measures impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset (asset group) and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset (asset group), the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset (asset group) over their fair value. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the cash flows expected to be generated by the asset (asset group), when the market prices are not readily available. The adjusted carrying amount of the asset is the new cost basis and is depreciated over the asset’s remaining useful life. Long-lived assets are grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. For the years ended March 31, 2024, 2025 and 2026, impairment of long-lived assets was observed and recognized.
F-11
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d) |
Fair value measurements
ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in pricing the asset or liability. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1 - observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 - other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Level 3 - unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
The following table shows an analysis of each class of assets measured at fair value at the end of the reporting period:
| Fair value measurement at the reporting period using | ||||||||||||||||
| Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) |
Significant observable input other than quoted prices (Level 2) |
Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) |
Total | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | S$ | |||||||||||||
| As of March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||
| Financial assets: | ||||||||||||||||
| At fair value through profit or loss | ||||||||||||||||
| Investment Funds | ||||||||||||||||
| As of March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||
| Financial assets: | ||||||||||||||||
| At fair value through profit or loss | ||||||||||||||||
| Investment Funds | ||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, the Company held investments classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. These investments consist of bonds and unit trusts, which are not actively traded on a public exchange but are valued using observable market inputs.
The fair value of the investments is based on valuation information provided by the respective fund managers, brokers, custodians, and pricing service providers. Such valuations are derived from observable market inputs, including quoted prices for similar assets, market interest rates, credit spreads, and net asset values published by the underlying funds. As the valuations are based on observable inputs other than quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets, the investments are classified as Level 2 assets under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investment, accounts receivable, contract assets, other current assets, accounts payable, contract liabilities and accruals and other payables approximate their fair values because of their generally short maturities.
Provisions
The Company recognizes a provision for reinstatement costs in respect of its leased properties where it has an obligation to restore the premises to their original condition at the expiration or termination of the lease agreements. The provision is recognized when the obligation is incurred and is measured at the present value of the estimated expenditures required to settle the obligation. The estimated costs are based on management’s assessment of the expected restoration activities, current market rates, and other assumptions considered reasonable under the circumstances. The corresponding amount is capitalized as part of the related right-of-use asset or property and equipment, as applicable.
The provision is reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation. Changes in estimates of the timing or amount of the expected cash outflows are recognized prospectively. The unwinding of the discount is recognized as interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
F-12
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d) |
Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax is calculated using tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it is related to items credited or charged directly to equity. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets when we determine that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets will not be utilized in the future. The Company consider positive and negative evidence to determine whether some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will more-likely-than-not be realized. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of recent losses and forecasts of future profitability. These assumptions require significant judgment and the forecasts of future taxable income are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses.
The Company believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from these estimates. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and the actual results, future financial statements will be affected.
Revenue recognition
The Company accounts for its revenue under FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The five-step model defined by FASB ASC Topic 606 requires the Company to:
| (1) | identify its contracts with customers; |
| (2) | identify its performance obligations under those contracts; |
| (3) | determine the transaction prices of those contracts; |
| (4) | allocate the transaction prices to its performance obligations in those contracts; and |
| (5) | recognize revenue when each performance obligation under those contracts is satisfied. Revenue is recognized when promised services are transferred to the client in an amount that reflects the consideration expected in exchange for those services. |
Revenues are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, service has occurred, and all performance obligations have been performed pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Based on our assessment, the revenue is recognized at a point in time upon delivery of flooring products and service rendered and there is no unfulfilled obligation that could affect the customer’s acceptance of the services rendered.
Contract assets and contract liabilities
The contract assets primarily relate to the Company’s rights to bill for work completed but not billed at the reporting date. The contract assets are transferred to receivables until subsequent billing phase. The contract liabilities primarily relate to advance billing to customers, for which performance obligation has yet completed.
Employee benefits
Employee benefits are recognized as an expense, unless the cost qualifies to be capitalized as an asset.
| i) | Defined contribution plans |
Defined contribution plans are post-employment benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions into separate entities such as the Central Provident Fund on a mandatory, contractual or voluntary basis. The Company has further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid.
| ii) | Short-term compensated absences |
Employee entitlements to annual leave are recognized when they accrue to employees. A provision is made for the estimated liability for annual leave as a result of services rendered by employees up to the balance sheet date.
F-13
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d) |
Segments
ASC 280, “Segment Reporting”,
establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organizational
structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major clients in financial statements for detailing
the Company’s business segments. Based on the criteria established by ASC 280, the Company’s chief operating decision maker
(“CODM”) has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer, who reviews consolidated results when making decisions about
allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company. As a result of the assessment made by the CODM, the Company has only
Concentrations and credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially
expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, investments
and other current assets. As of March 31, 2026, the Company held all of its cash and cash equivalents in financial institutions with
high credit ratings and quality in Singapore. Management believes that these financial institutions are of high credit quality and continually
monitors the credit worthiness of these financial institutions. Should any bank holding cash become insolvent, or if the Company is otherwise
unable to withdraw funds, the Company would lose the cash with that bank; however, the Company has not experienced any losses in such
accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risks on its cash in bank accounts. In Singapore, a depositor has up to S$
Accounts receivable, net primarily comprise of amounts receivable from customers. The Company’s accounts receivable are short term in nature and the associated risk is minimal. To reduce credit risk, the Company conducts ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition on its customers and generally does not require collateral or other security. The Company periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of the existing customers in determining the allowance for credit losses primarily based upon the age of the receivables and factors surrounding the credit risk of specific clients. Historically, such losses have been within management’s expectations.
For the year ended March 31, 2024,
customer A and B accounted for
For the year ended March 31, 2024,
vendor B and C accounted for
Related parties
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or significant influence of the same party, such as a family member or relative, shareholder, or a related corporation.
Foreign currency
The functional currency of SMJ International Holdings Inc. and SMJ Furnishings Inc. is United State Dollars whereas the functional currency of the operating subsidiary, SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. is Singapore Dollars and the consolidated reporting is in Singapore Dollars (“S$”). No cumulative translation adjustment (“CTA”) is presented in equity for the periods shown as management has assessed the impact of foreign currency translation adjustments to be immaterial.
F-14
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d) |
Foreign currency (cont’d)
Transactions in currencies other than the reporting or functional currency are measured and recorded in the functional currency at the exchange rate prevailing on the transaction date. The cumulative gain or loss from foreign currency transactions is reflected in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as other income (expense).
Translations of the consolidated
balance sheet, consolidated statement of income and consolidated statements of cash flows from S$ into US$ as of and for the year ended
March 31, 2026 are solely for the convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of US$
Income taxes
The provisions of FASB ASC 740-10-25, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” prescribe a more-likely-than-not threshold for consolidated financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken) in a tax return. This interpretation also provides guidance on the recognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and related disclosures.
The Company did accrue any liability, interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions in its provision for income taxes for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2025 and 2026. The Company does not expect that its assessment regarding unrecognized tax positions will materially change over the next 12 months.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if outstanding stock options, warrants and convertible debt were exercised or converted into ordinary shares. When the Company has a loss, diluted shares are not included as their effect would be anti-dilutive. The Company has dilutive securities or debt for each of the years ended March 31, 2024, 2025 and 2026.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, which is an update to Topic 740, Income Taxes. The amendments in this update related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The amendments allow investors to better assess, in their capital allocation decisions, how an entity’s worldwide operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operational opportunities affect its income tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. 5 The other amendments in this Update improve the effectiveness and comparability of disclosures by (1) adding disclosures of pretax income (or loss) and income tax expense (or benefit) to be consistent with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Regulation S-X 210.4-08(h), Rules of General Application—General Notes to Financial Statements: Income Tax Expense, and (2) removing disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial or relevant. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The amendments in this Update should be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company does not expect ASU 2023-09 will have any material impact to our consolidated financial statements.
F-15
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 2 | Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d) |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements (cont’d)
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The new standard requires entities to disclose additional information about certain expenses, such as purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, as well as selling expenses included in commonly presented expense captions on the income statement. The FASB further clarified the effective date in January 2025 with the issuance of ASU 2025-01, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Companies have the option to apply this guidance either on a retrospective or prospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In July 2025, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. The ASU provides a practical expedient for estimating credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from revenue transactions accounted for under ASC 606. Under the practical expedient, an entity may assume that current economic conditions as of the balance sheet date will remain unchanged over the remaining contractual life of these short-term assets, eliminating the requirement to incorporate separate reasonable-and-supportable forward-looking forecasts for such balances. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB also issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements (“ASU 2025-11”). ASU 2025-11 update results in a comprehensive list of interim disclosures and includes a disclosure principle that requires entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. The new guidance is effective for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this change will have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations and cash flows.
| 3 | Accounts receivable, net |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||||||
| Less: allowance for credit losses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||||||
Movement of allowance for credit losses is as follows:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Beginning of the year | ||||||||||||
| Written off | ( |
) | ||||||||||
| Reversal during the year | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| End of the year | ||||||||||||
F-16
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 4 | Inventories, net |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Finished goods | ||||||||||||
| Inventory held for installation | ||||||||||||
| Less: allowance for inventory obsolescence | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
Movement of allowance for inventory obsolescence are as follows:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Beginning of the year | ||||||||||||
| Reversal during the year | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| End of the year | ||||||||||||
The Company maintains an allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventory based on a review of inventory aging, usage, and market conditions. The allowance is reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted as necessary to reflect management’s best estimate of inventory recoverability.
As of March 31,
2025, inventories, net includes S$
| 5 | Other current assets |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Deposits | ||||||||||||
| Prepayments | ||||||||||||
| Interest receivables | ||||||||||||
| Other receivables | ||||||||||||
Prepayments comprise of prepaid operating expenses and expected to be amortized on a straight-line basis in the Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income within the next 12 months.
As of March 31, 2026, prepayments
primarily comprised prepaid business development consultancy service fees of S$
As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, management believes that the Company’s other current assets are realizable and not impaired.
F-17
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 6 | Contract asset |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Balance - beginning of the year | ||||||||||||
| Amounts billed and reclassified to accounts receivable | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Revenue recognized that was not yet billed | ||||||||||||
| Balance – end of the year | ||||||||||||
Contract asset represents revenue recognized for goods or services transferred to the customer for which the Company does not yet have an unconditional right to consideration. These amounts are expected to be billed and collected within the next 12 months.
As of March 31, 2025, S$
| 7 | Contract liabilities |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Balance - beginning of the year | ||||||||||||
| Advances from customers | ||||||||||||
| Revenue recognized related to amounts previously deferred | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Balance – end of the year | ||||||||||||
Contract liabilities primarily relate to advance payments received from customers for which performance obligations have not yet been satisfied. The balance is expected to be recognized as revenue within the next 12 months.
| 8 | Other investment |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Current: | ||||||||||||
| Investment fund at fair value through profit or loss | ||||||||||||
| Non-current: | ||||||||||||
| Investment fund at fair value through profit or loss | ||||||||||||
| Debt securities at amortized cost | ||||||||||||
F-18
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 8 | Other investment (cont’d) |
Movement in other investments are as follows:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Balance - beginning of the year | ||||||||||||
| Addition | ||||||||||||
| Disposal | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Fair value gain (loss) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Balance – end of the year | ||||||||||||
As of the reporting date, the Company holds investments in a portfolio comprising:
| ● | Debt securities, classified as: |
| 1. | Held-to-maturity (HTM) securities, measured at amortized cost; and |
| ● | Equity investments, consisting of unit trusts over which the Company does not have significant influence. |
The Company does not hold any available-for-sale securities as of the reporting date.
| 9 | Property and equipment, net |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Freehold property | ||||||||||||
| Computer | ||||||||||||
| Furniture and fittings | ||||||||||||
| Office equipment | ||||||||||||
| Motor vehicles | ||||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
Depreciation expense
for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2025 and 2026 was S$
During the year ended
March 31, 2026, the Company disposed of its freehold property with carrying value of S$
Capital expenditure commitments
The Company’s
capital expenditures consisted primarily of purchases of warehouse racking, motor vehicles, and equipment, and amounted to approximately
S$
F-19
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 9 | Property and equipment, net (cont’d) |
Capital expenditure commitments (cont’d)
The Company expects to continue incurring capital expenditures to support the growth of its business, including expenditures related to office equipment and leasehold improvements. Such expenditures are expected to be funded through existing cash balances.
As of March 31, 2026, the Company did not have any material commitments for capital expenditures.
| 10 | Leases |
The Company determines if a contract contains a lease at inception. US GAAP requires that the Company’s leases be evaluated and classified as operating or finance leases for financial reporting purposes. The classification evaluation begins at the commencement date and the lease term used in the evaluation includes the non-cancellable period for which the Company has the right to use the underlying asset, together with renewal option periods when the exercise of the renewal option is reasonably certain and failure to exercise such option which results in an economic penalty.
The Company has
As of March 31, 2026, the Company had the following non-cancellable lease contracts:
| Description of lease | Lease term | |
| Office lease at 31 Jurong Port Road #02-20 Jurong Logistics Hub Singapore 619115 |
|
|
| Warehouse lease at 31 Jurong Port Road #01-25/26/27/28/29/30 Jurong Logistics Hub Singapore 619115 |
|
|
| Photocopier machine |
|
Amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Right of use assets | ||||||||||||
| Lease liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Current | ||||||||||||
| Non-current | ||||||||||||
| (b) |
| Year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Operating lease expense | ||||||||||||||||
| (c) | The Company had total cash outflows for all leases of S$ |
F-20
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 10 | Leases (cont’d) |
Lease Commitment
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating lease agreements as of March 31, 2026 were as follows:
Twelve months ending March 31,
| Minimum lease payment | ||||||||
| S$ | US$ | |||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||
| 2028 | ||||||||
| 2029 | ||||||||
| 2030 | ||||||||
| 2031 onwards | ||||||||
| Total future minimum lease payments | ||||||||
| Less imputed interest | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Present value of operating lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Less: current portion | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Long-term portion | ||||||||
The following summarizes other supplemental information about the Company’s lease as of March 31, 2025 and 2026:
| As of March 31, 2025 |
As of March 31, 2026 |
||||||||
| Weighted average discount rate | % | % | |||||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term | |||||||||
| 11 | Accruals and other payables |
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Accruals | ||||||||||||
| - Staff salary | ||||||||||||
| - Directors’ fee | ||||||||||||
| - Operating expenses | ||||||||||||
| Accrued purchase | ||||||||||||
| GST payables | ||||||||||||
| Interest payable | ||||||||||||
| Other payables | ||||||||||||
F-21
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 12 | Short-term borrowings |
As of
March 31, 2025 and 2026, the carrying amounts of the Company’s short-term borrowings under trust receipt financing arrangements
were S$
The borrowings are classified as short-term liabilities and are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, in accordance with ASC 835-30.
| 13 | Related party transactions and balances |
The table below sets forth the major related parties and their relationships with the Company as of March 31, 2025 and 2026:
| Name of related parties | Relationship with the Company | |
| Lui Oi Kheng | ||
| Rena Ho | ||
| Nellie Ho | ||
| Rosie Lee |
Due to related parties
On June
30, 2024, the Company declared dividends of S$
Other transactions with related parties
In 2018,
Lui Oi Kheng, Rena Ho and Nellie Ho entered into a deed of guarantee and indemnity agreement, providing personal guarantees to secure
credit facilities from Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited for the benefit of SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. While the amount
guaranteed is S$
| 14 | Equity |
Ordinary shares
The Company
was incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands on February 24, 2025. Our authorized share capital is US$
Holders
of Class A ordinary shares are entitled to
Each Class
B ordinary share is convertible into
F-22
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 14 | Equity (cont’d) |
Ordinary shares (cont'd)
Except for the differential voting rights and conversion features described above, Class A and Class B ordinary shares have the same economic rights, including rights to dividends and distributions and to share pro rata in the assets of the Company upon liquidation.
On
December 4, 2025, the Company completed its initial public offering in which the Company issued and sold an aggregate of
Upon the
closing of the IPO, the Company received net proceeds of approximately US$
Offering costs that were directly attributable to the IPO were previously capitalized and, upon consummation of the IPO, were charged against the gross proceeds and recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital (“APIC”) in accordance with ASC 340-10-S99-1.
All issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares are fully paid.
| 15 | Revenue |
| Year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Timing of revenue recognition: | ||||||||||||||||
| Point in time | ||||||||||||||||
| Year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Revenue by geographical locations: | ||||||||||||||||
| Singapore | ||||||||||||||||
| India | ||||||||||||||||
| Philippines | ||||||||||||||||
| Indonesia | ||||||||||||||||
| Vietnam | ||||||||||||||||
| Malaysia | ||||||||||||||||
| Others | ||||||||||||||||
F-23
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 16 | Segmental information |
Reportable segments
The Company
operates as a single reportable segment, which is consistent with how the Chief Operation Decision Maker (“CODM”), the , allocates resources and assesses performance. The Company’s operations are centralized and integrated, with
financial results reviewed and managed on a consolidated basis. Accordingly, management has determined that the Company has
Measure of Segment Profit or Loss
The CODM
reviews financial information on a consolidated basis, using Operating Income as the primary measure of segment performance. Operation
income is defined as revenue less cost of goods sold and operating expenses, excluding interest expenses and income taxes. Significant
Segment Expense Categories Provided to CODM.
| Year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| OPERATING REVENUES | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| GROSS PROFIT | ||||||||||||||||
| GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling and distribution | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Payroll and welfare expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Office related expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Professional services expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| OTHER SEGMENT ITEMS | ||||||||||||||||
| Bad debts written off | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Reversal of allowance for credit loss | ||||||||||||||||
| Inventories written off | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Inventories write-downs to net realizable value | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||
| Allowance (reversal) for inventory obsolescence | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Gain on disposal of property and equipment | ||||||||||||||||
| Rental income | ||||||||||||||||
| Fair value gain (loss) on other investment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Realized gain (loss) on disposal of other investment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Other income | ||||||||||||||||
| Other loss | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Finance expense | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Income tax expenses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Net income | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
F-24
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 17 | Other income |
| Year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Rental income | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividend income | ||||||||||||||||
| Gain on disposal of property and equipment | ||||||||||||||||
| Realized gain on disposal of other investment | ||||||||||||||||
| Fair value gain on other investment | ||||||||||||||||
| Gain on lease modification | ||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange gain | ||||||||||||||||
| Miscellaneous income | ||||||||||||||||
| Others – other income | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | ||||||||||||||||
| 18 | Income taxes |
Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands
SMJ International Holdings Inc. and its subsidiary, SMJ Furnishings Inc., are domiciled in the Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands, respectively. The locality currently enjoys permanent income tax holidays; accordingly, SMJ International Holdings Inc. and SMJ Furnishings Inc. do not accrue for income taxes.
Singapore
The subsidiary,
SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. is incorporated in Singapore and is subject to Singapore Corporate Tax on the taxable income as reported
in its statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with relevant Singapore tax laws. The applicable tax rate is
Significant components of the provision for income taxes are as follows:
| Year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Income tax expense comprised of the following: | ||||||||||||||||
| Current income tax | ||||||||||||||||
| Current year | ||||||||||||||||
| (Over) under provision current taxation in respect of prior year | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Deferred income tax | ||||||||||||||||
| Current year | ||||||||||||||||
| Under provision of deferred tax in respect of prior year | ||||||||||||||||
F-25
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 18 | Income taxes (cont’d) |
Singapore (cont'd)
A reconciliation between the statutory tax rate to the effective tax rate are as follows:
| Year ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | |||||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | S$ | US$ | |||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before tax | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Tax calculated at tax rate @ |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Effects of: | ||||||||||||||||
| - Tax effect on expense not deductible for tax purposes | ||||||||||||||||
| - Income not subject to tax | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| - Singapore statutory stepped income exemption | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| -Tax rebate | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| - Under provision of deferred tax in respect of prior year | ||||||||||||||||
| - Utilization of capital allowance | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| - (Over) under provision of current taxation in respect of prior year | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Tax charge | ||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rate | % | % | ( |
)% | ( |
)% | ||||||||||
Deferred tax assets
Significant components of deferred tax assets are as follows:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2026 | ||||||||||
| S$ | S$ | US$ | ||||||||||
| Property and equipment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Fair value gain on other investment | ||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ||||||||||||
| Allowance for inventory obsolescence | ||||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||||||
| At Singapore tax rate of |
||||||||||||
F-26
SMJ INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 18 | Income taxes (cont’d) |
Singapore (cont'd)
The Company has recognized deferred tax assets arising from temporary differences primarily related to depreciation, fair value adjustments on investments, and provisions. The Company believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized, and accordingly, no valuation allowance has been recorded as of March 31, 2026.
Uncertain Tax Positions
In accordance with ASC 740-10, the Company evaluates each uncertain tax position based on its technical merits, and measures any unrecognized benefits associated with tax positions. Each position is reviewed individually, considering past audits, interpretations of tax law, and developments in tax regulations. The Company assesses whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant tax authorities, based solely on the technical merits of the position.
As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, the Company did have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions. The Company also did accrue any liability, interest, or penalties related to uncertain tax positions, as there were no positions where it was determined that an unfavorable outcome was probable.
The Company continues to monitor developments in tax law and evaluates any changes in its tax positions on a quarterly basis. Should any uncertain tax positions arise in the future, the Company will measure and record any potential liabilities in accordance with ASC 740.
| 19 | Commitment and Contingencies |
For the details on future minimum lease payment under the non-cancelable operating leases as of March 31, 2026 please refer to section headed “Leases” set forth in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, the Company did not have any capital commitments and contingencies. The Company is not currently a party to any material legal or administrative proceedings. From time to time, the Company may be subject to claims or legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business; however, the Company does not believe that any such matters, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
| 20 | Subsequent events |
The Company has assessed all subsequent events through the date of this report which is the date that these consolidated financial statements are available to be issued, there are no further material subsequent events that require disclosure in these consolidated financial statements.
F-27
Exhibit 2.3
Description of Rights of Each Class of Securities
Registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Amended (the “Exchange Act”)
Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0002 per share (“Class A Ordinary Shares”), of SMJ International Holdings Inc. (“we,” “our,” “our company,” or “us”) are listed and traded on NYSE American Market, and in connection with this listing (but not for trading), its Class A Ordinary Shares are registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act. This exhibit contains a description of the rights of the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares.
Description of Class A Ordinary Shares
The following is a summary of material provisions of our currently effective amended and restated memorandum and articles of association as well as the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands (the “Cayman Companies Act”) insofar as they relate to the material terms of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Notwithstanding this, because it is a summary, it may not contain all the information that you may otherwise deem important. For more complete information, you should read the entirety of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which have been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as exhibits to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-290077), initially filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on September 5, 2025.
Type and Class of Securities (Item 9.A.5 of Form 20-F)
Each Class A Ordinary Share has a par value of $0.0002 per share. The number of Class A Ordinary Shares that have been issued as of the last day of the financial year ended March 31, 2026 is provided on the cover of the annual report on Form 20-F filed on July 28, 2026 (the “2026 Form 20-F”). Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be held in either certificated or uncertificated form.
Preemptive Rights (Item 9.A.3 of Form 20-F)
Our Class A Ordinary Shares are not subject to any pre-emptive or similar rights under the Cayman Companies Act or pursuant to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Limitations or Qualifications (Item 9.A.6 of Form 20-F)
Each Class A Ordinary Share entitles the holder thereof to one (1) vote on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of our company.
Rights of Other Types of Securities (Item 9.A.7 of Form 20-F)
Each Class B Ordinary Share entitles the holder thereof to ten (10) votes on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of our company and is convertible into one (1) Class A Ordinary Share at any time at the option of the holder. In no event shall Class A Ordinary Shares be convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares. Upon certain events, including any transfer of Class B Ordinary Shares to a non-Affiliate, death of the holder, or vacation of office by a director holding Class B Ordinary Shares, such Class B Ordinary Shares shall automatically convert into Class A Ordinary Shares.
Rights of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares (Item 10.B.3 of Form 20-F)
Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares
Our authorized share capital is US$50,000 divided into 250,000,000 ordinary shares of par value of US$0.0002 each, comprising (a) 225,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of par value of US$0.0002 each and (b) 25,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of par value of US$0.0002 each. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares shall at all times vote together as one class on all resolutions submitted to a vote by the Members. Each holder of Class A Ordinary Shares will be entitled to one (1) vote per Class A Ordinary Share and each holder of Class B Ordinary Shares will be entitled to ten (10) votes per Class B Ordinary Share. The Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into shares of any other class. Each Class B Ordinary Share is convertible into one (1) Class A Ordinary Share at any time at the option of the holder thereof. Save and except for voting rights and conversion rights, the Class A Ordinary Shares and the Class B Ordinary Shares shall rank pari passu with one another and shall have the same rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions.
1
All of our issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Our Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares are issued in registered form, and are issued when registered in our register of members. Unless the board of directors determines otherwise, each holder of our Class A Ordinary Shares or Class B Ordinary Shares will not receive a certificate in respect of such shares. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. We may not issue shares to bearer.
Subject to the provisions of the Cayman Companies Act and our articles regarding redemption and purchase of the shares, the directors have general and unconditional authority to allot (with or without confirming rights of renunciation), grant options over or otherwise deal with any unissued shares to such persons, at such times and on such terms and conditions as they may decide. Such authority could be exercised by the directors to allot shares which carry rights and privileges that are preferential to the rights attaching to Class A Ordinary Shares or Class B Ordinary Shares. No share may be issued at a discount except in accordance with the provisions of the Cayman Companies Act. The directors may refuse to accept any application for shares, and may accept any application in whole or in part, for any reason or for no reason.
Dividends
Subject to the provisions of the Cayman Companies Act and any rights attaching to any class or classes of shares under and in accordance with the articles:
| (a) | the directors may from time to time declare dividends (including interim dividends) and other distributions on shares in issue and authorize payment of the same out of the funds of the Company lawfully available therefor; and |
| (b) | our shareholders may, by ordinary resolution, declare dividends but no such dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by the directors. |
The directors may, before recommending or declaring any dividend, set aside out of the funds legally available for distribution such sums as they think proper as a reserve or reserves which shall, in the absolute discretion of the directors, be applicable for meeting contingencies or for equalizing dividends or for any other purpose to which those funds may be properly applied. The directors when paying dividends to shareholders may make such payment either in cash or in specie. Unless provided by the rights attached to a share, no dividend shall bear interest against the Company.
Voting Rights
Subject to any rights and restrictions for the time being attached to any share, on a show of hands every member present in person or represented by its duly authorized representative or proxy shall, at a general meeting of the Company, each have one (1) vote and on a poll every member present in person or represented by its duly authorized representative or proxy shall have one (1) vote for each Class A Ordinary Share and ten (10) votes for each Class B Ordinary Share of which such member is the holder. Votes may be given either personally or by proxy.
Calls on shares and forfeiture of Shares
Subject to the terms of allotment, the directors may from time to time make calls upon the members in respect of any moneys unpaid on their shares, and each member shall (subject to receiving at least fourteen (14) calendar days’ notice specifying when and where payment is to be made), pay to us the amount called on his shares. Members registered as the joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls in respect of the share. If a call remains unpaid after it has become due and payable the person from whom it is due and payable shall pay interest on the amount unpaid from the day it became due and payable until it is paid at the rate of eight percent (8%) per annum. The directors may waive payment of the interest wholly or in part.
2
We have a first and paramount lien on every share (whether or not fully paid) for all amounts (whether presently payable or not) payable at a fixed time or called in respect of that share. We also have a first and paramount lien on every share registered in the name of a person indebted or under liability to us (whether he is the sole registered holder of a share or one of two or more joint holders) for all amounts owing by him or his estate to us (whether or not presently payable). The directors may at any time declare a share to be wholly or in part exempt from these lien provisions. Our lien on a share extends to any amount payable in respect of it, including but not limited to dividends.
| (a) | either alone or jointly with any other person, whether or not that other person is a member; and |
| (b) | whether or not those monies are presently payable. |
The directors may at any time declare any share to be wholly or partly exempt from the lien on shares provisions of the articles.
We may sell, in such manner as the directors in their absolute discretion think fit, any share on which we have a lien, but no sale shall be made unless an amount in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable nor until the expiration of fourteen (14) calendar days after a notice in writing, demanding payment of such part of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is presently payable, has been given to the registered holder for the time being of the share, or the persons entitled thereto by reason of his death or bankruptcy.
Forfeiture or surrender of shares
If a member fails to pay any call or instalment of a call in respect of partly paid shares on the day appointed for payment, the directors may, at any time thereafter during such time as any part of such call or instalment remains unpaid, serve a notice on him requiring payment of so much of the call or instalment as is unpaid, together with any interest which may have accrued.
The notice shall name a further day (not earlier than the expiration of fourteen (14) calendar days from the date of the notice) on or before which the payment required by the notice is to be made, and shall state that in the event of non-payment at or before the time appointed, the shares in respect of which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited. If the requirements of any such notice are not complied with, any share in respect of which the notice has been given may at any time thereafter, before the payment required by notice has been made, be forfeited by a resolution of the directors to that effect.
A forfeited share may be sold or otherwise disposed of on such terms and in such manner as the directors think fit, and at any time before a sale or disposition the forfeiture may be cancelled on such terms as the directors think fit.
A person whose shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a member in respect of the forfeited shares, but shall, notwithstanding such forfeiture, remain liable to pay to us all monies which at the date of forfeiture were payable by him to us in respect of the shares, but his liability shall cease if and when we receive payment in full of the amount unpaid on the shares forfeited.
A certificate in writing under the hand of a director that a share has been duly forfeited on a date stated in the certificate shall be conclusive evidence of the facts in the certificate as against all persons claiming to be entitled to the share.
The Company may receive the consideration, if any, given for a share on any sale or disposition thereof pursuant to the forfeiture provisions and may execute a transfer of the share in favor of the person to whom the share is sold or disposed of, and that person shall be registered as the holder of the share and shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, if any, nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the disposition or sale.
Share Premium Account
The directors shall in accordance with the Cayman Companies Act establish a share premium account and shall carry to the credit of such account from time to time a sum equal to the amount or value of the premium paid on the issue of any share.
Redemption and Purchase of Own Shares
Subject to the Cayman Companies Act and any rights for the time being conferred on the shareholders holding a particular class of shares, we may by action of our directors:
| (a) | issue shares that are to be redeemed or are liable to be redeemed at our option or the option of the member holding those redeemable shares, on the terms and in the manner the directors determine before the issue of those shares; |
3
| (b) | purchase our own shares (including any redeemable shares) on such terms and in such manner as have been approved by the directors, or are otherwise authorized by these articles; and |
| (c) | make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of our own shares in any manner permitted by the Cayman Companies Act, including out of capital. |
The purchase of any share shall not oblige us to purchase any other share other than as may be required pursuant to applicable law and any other contractual obligations. The holder of shares being purchased shall be bound to deliver up to us the certificate(s) (if any) thereof for cancellation and thereupon we shall pay to him the purchase or redemption monies or consideration in respect thereof.
The directors may accept the surrender for no consideration of any fully paid share.
Transfer of Shares
The instrument of transfer of any share shall be in writing and in any usual or common form or such other form as the directors may, in their absolute discretion, approve and be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and if in respect of a nil or partly paid up share, or if so required by the directors, shall also be executed on behalf of the transferee and shall be accompanied by the certificate (if any) of the shares to which it relates and such other evidence as the directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer. The transferor shall be deemed to remain a member until the name of the transferee is entered in the register in respect of the relevant shares. Subject to our articles, any member may transfer all or any of his shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in a form prescribed by the Designated Stock Exchange or in any other form approved by the board.
| (a) | where the Class A Ordinary Shares or Class B Ordinary Shares are fully paid, by or on behalf of that shareholder; and |
| (b) | where the Class A Ordinary Shares or Class B Ordinary Shares are partly paid, by or on behalf of that shareholder and the transferee. |
The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of a Class A Ordinary Share or Class B Ordinary Share until the name of the transferee is entered into the register of members of the Company.
Our board of directors may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any Class A Ordinary Share or Class B Ordinary Share that has not been fully paid up or on which the Company has a lien. Our board of directors may also decline to register any transfer of such Class A Ordinary Share or Class B Ordinary Share unless:
| (a) | the instrument of transfer is lodged with the Company, accompanied by the certificate for the Class A Ordinary Shares or Class B Ordinary Shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; |
| (b) | the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares; |
| (c) | the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required; |
| (d) | in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the share is to be transferred does not exceed four; |
| (e) | a fee of such maximum sum as the Designated Stock Exchange may determine to be payable, or such lesser sum as the board of directors may from time to time require, is paid to us in respect thereof. |
If our directors refuse to register a transfer of any shares, they shall within two (2) calendar months after the date on which the transfer was lodged with the Company send notice of the refusal to each of the transferor and the transferee.
This, however, is unlikely to affect market transactions of the Class A Ordinary Shares purchased by investors in a public offering. Once the Class A Ordinary Shares have been listed, the legal title to such Class A Ordinary Shares and the registration details of those Class A Ordinary Shares in our register of members will remain with DTC/Cede & Co. All market transactions with respect to those Class A Ordinary Shares will then be carried out without the need for any kind of registration by the directors, as the market transactions will all be conducted through the DTC systems.
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The registration of transfers may, after compliance with any notice required by the Designated Stock Exchange Rules, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as the directors may, in their absolute discretion, from time to time determine, provided always that such registration of transfer shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than thirty (30) calendar days in any calendar year.
Inspection of Books and Records
The directors may from time to time determine whether and to what extent and at what times and places and under what conditions or regulations the accounts and books of the Company or any of them shall be open to the inspection of members not being directors, and no member (not being a director) shall have any right to inspect any account or book or document of the Company except as conferred by law or authorized by the directors or by ordinary resolution, provided that members may inspect the register without charge, and receive the annual audited financial statements of the Company.
Capitalization of Profits
Subject to the Cayman Companies Act, the directors may:
| (a) | resolve to capitalize an amount standing to the credit of reserves (including a share premium account, capital redemption reserve and profit and loss account), which is available for distribution; or |
| (b) | appropriate the sum resolved to be capitalized to the shareholders in proportion to the nominal amount of shares (whether or not fully paid) held by them respectively and apply that sum on their behalf in or towards paying up the amounts (if any) for the time being unpaid on shares held by them respectively, or paying up in full unissued shares or debentures of a nominal amount equal to that sum, and allot the shares or debentures, credited as fully paid, to the members in those proportions. |
The amount resolved to be capitalized must be appropriated to the shareholders who would have been entitled to it had it been distributed by way of dividend and in the same proportions.
Liquidation Rights
If we are wound up, the liquidator may, with the sanction of a special resolution of the Company and any other sanction required by the Cayman Companies Act, divide amongst the members in specie or in kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company (whether they shall consist of property of the same kind or not) and may for that purpose value any assets and determine how the division shall be carried out as between the members or different classes of members. The liquidator may, with the like sanction, vest the whole or any part of such assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the members as the liquidator, with the like sanction, shall think fit, but so that no member shall be compelled to accept any asset upon which there is a liability.
| (a) | If we shall be wound up, and the assets available for distribution amongst the members shall be insufficient to repay the whole of the share capital, such assets shall be distributed so that, as nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by the members in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them; and |
| (b) | if in a winding up the assets available for distribution amongst the members shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the share capital at the commencement of the winding up, the surplus shall be distributed amongst the members in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them at the commencement of the winding up subject to a deduction from those shares in respect of which there are monies due, of all monies payable to the Company for unpaid calls or otherwise. This is without prejudice to the rights of the holders of shares issued upon special terms and conditions. |
We may at any time and from time to time by special resolution alter or amend our articles of association in whole or in part.
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Requirements to Change the Rights of Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares (Item 10.B.4 of Form 20-F)
Variation of Rights of Shares
Whenever our capital is divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached to any class of share (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) may be materially and adversely varied only with the consent in writing of the holders of two-thirds of the issued shares of that class, or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of shares of that class. To every such separate meeting all the provisions of our articles relating to general meetings of the Company or to the proceedings thereat shall, mutatis mutandis, apply, except that the necessary quorum shall be one or more persons holding or representing by proxy at least two-thirds in nominal or par value amount of the issued shares of the relevant class.
The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to the shares of that class, be deemed to be materially and adversely varied by, inter alia, the creation, allotment or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with or subsequent to them or the redemption or purchase of any shares of any class by the Company. The rights of the holders of shares shall not be deemed to be materially and adversely varied by the creation or issue of shares with preferred or other rights including, without limitation, the creation of shares with enhanced or weighted voting rights.
Limitations on the Rights to Own Class A Ordinary Shares (Item 10.B.6 of Form 20-F)
There are no limitations under the Cayman Companies Act or imposed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares.
Provisions Affecting Any Change of Control (Item 10.B.7 of Form 20-F)
Anti-Takeover Provisions
Some provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our Company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including, among other things, the following:
| ● | provisions that authorize our board of directors to issue shares (including preferred shares) with such rights, preferences and privileges as they may determine, without any further vote or action by our shareholders; |
| ● | provisions that restrict the ability of our shareholders to call meetings and to propose special matters for consideration at shareholder meetings; and |
| ● | the dual-class share structure with Class B Ordinary Shares carrying ten (10) votes per share compared to one (1) vote per Class A Ordinary Share. |
Ownership Threshold (Item 10.B.8 of Form 20-F)
There are no provisions under the Cayman Companies Act or under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association that govern the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.
Differences Between the Law of Different Jurisdictions (Item 10.B.9 of Form 20-F)
The Cayman Companies Act is derived, to a large extent, from the older Companies Acts of England and Wales but does not follow recent United Kingdom statutory enactments, and accordingly there are significant differences between the Cayman Companies Act and the current Companies Act of England and Wales. In addition, the Cayman Companies Act differs from laws applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of certain significant differences between the provisions of the Cayman Companies Act applicable to us and the comparable laws applicable to companies incorporated in the State of Delaware in the United States.
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Mergers and Similar Arrangements
The Cayman Companies Act permits mergers and consolidations between Cayman Islands companies and between Cayman Islands companies and non-Cayman Islands companies. For these purposes, (a) “merger” means the merging of two or more constituent companies and the vesting of their undertaking, property, and liabilities in one of such companies as the surviving company, and (b) a “consolidation” means the combination of two or more constituent companies into a consolidated company and the vesting of the undertaking, property and liabilities of such companies to the consolidated company. In order to effect such a merger or consolidation, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must then be authorized by (a) a special resolution of the shareholders of each constituent company, and (b) such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in such constituent company’s articles of association. The plan must be filed with the Registrar of Companies together with a declaration as to the solvency of the consolidated or surviving company, a list of the assets and liabilities of each constituent company, and an undertaking that a copy of the certificate of merger or consolidation will be given to the shareholders and creditors of each constituent company and that notification of the merger or consolidation will be published in the Cayman Islands Gazette. Court approval is not required for a merger or consolidation which is effected in compliance with these statutory procedures.
A merger between a Cayman Islands parent company and its Cayman Islands subsidiary or subsidiaries does not require authorization by a resolution of shareholders. For this purpose, a subsidiary is a company of which at least 90% of the issued shares entitled to vote are owned by the parent company.
The consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest of a constituent company is required unless this requirement is waived by a court in the Cayman Islands.
Except in certain limited circumstances, a dissenting shareholder of a Cayman Islands constituent company is entitled to payment of the fair value of his or her shares upon dissenting from a merger or consolidation. The exercise of such dissenter rights will preclude the exercise by the dissenting shareholder of any other rights to which he or she might otherwise be entitled by virtue of holding shares, except for the right to seek relief on the grounds that the merger or consolidation is void or unlawful.
In addition, there are statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies, provided that the arrangement is approved by a majority in number of each class of shareholders and creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made, and who must, in addition, represent three-fourths in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors, as the case may be, that are present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings, convened for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder has the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not to be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it determines that:
| (a) | the statutory provisions as to the required majority vote have been met; |
| (b) | the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question and the statutory majority are acting bona fide without coercion of the minority to promote interests adverse to those of the class; |
| (c) | the arrangement is such that may be reasonably approved by an intelligent and honest man of that class acting in respect of his interest; and |
| (d) | the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Cayman Companies Act. |
When a takeover offer is made and accepted by holders of 90% of the shares affected within four months, the offeror may, within a two-month period commencing on the expiration of such four-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to succeed in the case of an offer which has been so approved unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.
If an arrangement and reconstruction is thus approved, or if a takeover offer is made and accepted, a dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of Delaware corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.
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Shareholders’ Suits
In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff to sue for a wrong done to us as a company, and as a general rule, a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English law authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, the Cayman Islands courts can be expected to follow and apply the common law principles (namely the rule in Foss v. Harbottle and the exceptions thereto) so that a non-controlling shareholder may be permitted to commence a class action against or derivative actions in the name of the company to challenge:
| (a) | an act which is illegal or ultra vires with respect to the company and is therefore incapable of ratification by the shareholders; |
| (b) | an act which, although not ultra vires, requires authorization by a qualified (or special) majority (that is, more than a simple majority) which has not been obtained; and |
| (c) | an act which constitutes a “fraud on the minority” where the wrongdoers are themselves in control of the company. |
Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability
The Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our articles of association provide to the extent permitted by law, we shall indemnify each existing or former secretary, director (including alternate director), and any of our other officers (including an investment adviser or an administrator or liquidator) and their personal representatives against:
| (a) | all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages, or liabilities incurred or sustained by the existing or former director (including alternate director), secretary, or officer in or about the conduct of our business or affairs or in the execution or discharge of the existing or former director (including alternate director), secretary’s or officer’s duties, powers, authorities, or discretions; and |
| (b) | without limitation to paragraph (a) above, all costs, expenses, losses, or liabilities incurred by the existing or former director (including alternate director), secretary, or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative proceedings (whether threatened, pending or completed) concerning us or our affairs in any court or tribunal, whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere. |
No such existing or former director (including alternate director), secretary, or officer, however, shall be indemnified in respect of any matter arising out of his own dishonesty.
To the extent permitted by law, we may make a payment, or agree to make a payment, whether by way of advance, loan, or otherwise, for any legal costs incurred by an existing or former director (including alternate director), secretary, or any of our officers in respect of any matter identified in above on condition that the director (including alternate director), secretary, or officer must repay the amount paid by us to the extent that it is ultimately found not liable to indemnify the director (including alternate director), the secretary, or that officer for those legal costs.
This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation. In addition, we intend to enter into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers that will provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our articles of association.
Anti-Takeover Provisions in Our Articles
Some provisions of our articles of association may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our Company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including provisions that authorize our board of directors to issue shares at such times and on such terms and conditions as the board of directors may decide without any further vote or action by our shareholders.
Under the Cayman Companies Act, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our articles of association for what they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our Company and for a proper purpose.
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Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless:
| ● | prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
| ● | upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding the shares owned by directors and officers and shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or |
| ● | on or following the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least 66% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
An interested stockholder is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns or, within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, did own 15% or more of a corporation’s outstanding voting securities. Such provision could have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions that the board of directors do not approve in advance. It could also discourage attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of common stock held by stockholders. A Delaware corporation may opt out of Section 203 with an express provision in its original certificate of incorporation or an express provision in its certification of incorporation or bylaws resulting from amendments approved by the holders of at least a majority of the corporation’s outstanding voting shares.
Directors’ Fiduciary Duties
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He or she must not use his or her corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interests of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer, or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.
As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director owes three types of duties to the company: (i) statutory duties, (ii) fiduciary duties, and (iii) common law duties. The Cayman Companies Act imposes a number of statutory duties on a director. A Cayman Islands director’s fiduciary duties are not codified, however the courts of the Cayman Islands have held that a director owes the following fiduciary duties (a) a duty to act in what the director bona fide considers to be in the best interests of the company, (b) a duty to exercise their powers for the purposes they were conferred, (c) a duty to avoid fettering his or her discretion in the future, and (d) a duty to avoid conflicts of interest and of duty. The common law duties owed by a director are those to act with skill, care, and diligence that may reasonably be expected of a person carrying out the same functions as are carried out by that director in relation to the company and, also, to act with the skill, care, and diligence in keeping with a standard of care commensurate with any particular skill they have which enables them to meet a higher standard than a director without those skills. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time. We have the right to seek damages if a duty owed by any of our directors is breached.
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Shareholder Proposals
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. The Delaware General Corporation Law does not provide shareholders an express right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, but in keeping with common law, Delaware corporations generally afford shareholders an opportunity to make proposals and nominations provided that they comply with the notice provisions in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.
The Cayman Companies Act provides shareholders with only limited rights to requisition a general meeting, and does not provide shareholders with any right to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our articles of association provide that the Chairman or a majority of the directors (acting by a resolution of the board) may call general meetings, and they shall on a members’ requisition forthwith proceed to convene an extraordinary general meeting. A members’ requisition is a requisition of members holding at the date of deposit of the requisition shares which carry in aggregate not less than one-third (1/3) of the total number of votes attaching to all issued and outstanding shares that as at the date of the deposit carry the right to vote at general meetings of the Company. If the directors do not within twenty-one (21) calendar days from the date of the deposit of the requisition duly proceed to convene a general meeting to be held within a further twenty-one (21) calendar days, the requisitionists, or any of them representing more than one-half of the total voting rights of all of them, may themselves convene a general meeting, but any meeting so convened shall not be held after the expiration of three calendar months after the expiration of said twenty-one (21) calendar days. Our articles of association provide no other right to put any proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings. As a Cayman Islands exempted company, we are not obligated by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings.
Cumulative Voting
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. As permitted under the Cayman Companies Act, our articles of association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
Removal of Directors
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Subject to the provisions of our articles of association (which include the removal of a director by ordinary resolution), the office of a director may be terminated forthwith if (a) he is prohibited by the laws of the Cayman Islands from acting as a director, (b) he is made bankrupt or makes an arrangement or composition with his creditors generally, (c) he resigns his office by notice to us, (d) he only held office as a director for a fixed term and such term expires, (e) in the opinion of a registered medical practitioner by whom he is being treated he becomes physically or mentally incapable of acting as a director, (f) he is given notice by the majority of the other directors (not being less than two in number) to vacate office (without prejudice to any claim for damages for breach of any agreement relating to the provision of the services of such director), (g) he is made subject to any law relating to mental health or incompetence, whether by court order or otherwise, or (h) without the consent of the other directors, he is absent from meetings of directors for continuous period of six months.
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Transactions with Interested Shareholders
The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware public corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation or bylaws that is approved by its shareholders, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or a group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting stock or who or which is an affiliate or associate of the corporation and owned 15% or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors.
The Cayman Companies Act has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although the Cayman Companies Act does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, under Cayman Islands law such transactions must be entered into bona fide in the best interests of the company and for a proper corporate purpose and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.
Dissolution; Winding Up
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board of directors.
Under the Cayman Companies Act and our articles of association, the company may be wound up by a special resolution of our shareholders, or if the winding up is initiated by our board of directors, by either a special resolution of our members or, if our Company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due, by an ordinary resolution of our members. In addition, a company may be wound up by an order of the courts of the Cayman Islands. The court has authority to order winding up in a number of specified circumstances including where it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable to do so.
Variation of Rights of Shares
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under the Cayman Companies Act and our articles of association, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, the rights attaching to any class of share (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) may be varied either with the consent in writing of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the issued shares of that class, or with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the holders of shares of the class present in person or by proxy at a separate general meeting of the holders of shares of that class.
Amendment of Governing Documents
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s certificate of incorporation may be amended only if adopted and declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, and the bylaws may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote and may, if so provided in the certificate of incorporation, also be amended by the board of directors. Under the Cayman Companies Act, our articles of association may only be amended by special resolution of our shareholders.
Anti-money Laundering—Cayman Islands
In order to comply with legislation or regulations aimed at the prevention of money laundering, we may be required to adopt and maintain anti-money laundering procedures and may require subscribers to provide evidence to verify their identity. Where permitted, and subject to certain conditions, we may also delegate the maintenance of our anti-money laundering procedures (including the acquisition of due diligence information) to a suitable person.
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We reserve the right to request such information as is necessary to verify the identity of a subscriber. In the event of delay or failure on the part of the subscriber in producing any information required for verification purposes, we may refuse to accept the application, in which case any funds received will be returned without interest to the account from which they were originally debited.
We also reserve the right to refuse to make any redemption payment to a shareholder if our directors or officers suspect or are advised that the payment of redemption proceeds to such shareholder might result in a breach of applicable anti-money laundering or other laws or regulations by any person in any relevant jurisdiction, or if such refusal is considered necessary or appropriate to ensure our compliance with any such laws or regulations in any applicable jurisdiction.
If any person resident in the Cayman Islands knows or suspects or has reason for knowing or suspecting that another person is engaged in criminal conduct or is involved with terrorism or terrorist property and the information for that knowledge or suspicion came to their attention in the course of their business in the regulated sector, or other trade, profession, business or employment, the person will be required to report such knowledge or suspicion to (i) a nominated officer (appointed in accordance with the Proceeds of Crime Act (Revised) of the Cayman Islands) or the Financial Reporting Authority of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the Proceeds of Crime Act (Revised), if the disclosure relates to criminal conduct or money laundering or (ii) to a police constable or a nominated officer (pursuant to the Terrorism Act (Revised) of the Cayman Islands) or the Financial Reporting Authority, pursuant to the Terrorism Act (Revised), if the disclosure relates to involvement with terrorism or terrorist financing and terrorist property. Such a report shall not be treated as a breach of confidence or of any restriction upon the disclosure of information imposed by any enactment or otherwise.
Data Protection in the Cayman Islands – Privacy Notice
This privacy notice explains the manner in which we collect, process, and maintain personal data about investors of the Company pursuant to the Data Protection Act, 2017 of the Cayman Islands, as amended from time to time and any regulations, codes of practice, or orders promulgated pursuant thereto (the “DPA”).
We are committed to processing personal data in accordance with the DPA. In our use of personal data, we will be characterized under the DPA as a “data controller,” whilst certain of our service providers, affiliates, and delegates may act as “data processors” under the DPA. These service providers may process personal information for their own lawful purposes in connection with services provided to us.
By virtue of your investment in the Company, we and certain of our service providers may collect, record, store, transfer, and otherwise process personal data by which individuals may be directly or indirectly identified.
Your personal data will be processed fairly and for lawful purposes, including (a) where the processing is necessary for us to perform a contract to which you are a party or for taking pre-contractual steps at your request, (b) where the processing is necessary for compliance with any legal, tax, or regulatory obligation to which we are subject, or (c) where the processing is for the purposes of legitimate interests pursued by us or by a service provider to whom the data are disclosed. As a data controller, we will only use your personal data for the purposes for which we collected it. If we need to use your personal data for an unrelated purpose, we will contact you.
We anticipate that we will share your personal data with our service providers for the purposes set out in this privacy notice. We may also share relevant personal data where it is lawful to do so and necessary to comply with our contractual obligations or your instructions or where it is necessary or desirable to do so in connection with any regulatory reporting obligations. In exceptional circumstances, we will share your personal data with regulatory, prosecuting, and other governmental agencies or departments, and parties to litigation (whether pending or threatened), in any country or territory including to any other person where we have a public or legal duty to do so (e.g. to assist with detecting and preventing fraud, tax evasion, and financial crime or compliance with a court order).
Your personal data shall not be held by the Company for longer than necessary with regard to the purposes of the data processing.
We will not sell your personal data. Any transfer of personal data outside of the Cayman Islands shall be in accordance with the requirements of the DPA. Where necessary, we will ensure that separate and appropriate legal agreements are put in place with the recipient of that data.
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We will only transfer personal data in accordance with the requirements of the DPA, and will apply appropriate technical and organizational information security measures designed to protect against unauthorized or unlawful processing of the personal data and against the accidental loss, destruction, or damage to the personal data.
If you are a natural person, this will affect you directly. If you are a corporate investor (including, for these purposes, legal arrangements such as trusts or exempted limited partnerships) that provides us with personal data on individuals connected to you for any reason in relation to your investment into the Company, this will be relevant for those individuals and you should inform such individuals of the content.
You have certain rights under the DPA, including (a) the right to be informed as to how we collect and use your personal data (and this privacy notice fulfils our obligation in this respect), (b) the right to obtain a copy of your personal data, (c) the right to require us to stop direct marketing, (d) the right to have inaccurate or incomplete personal data corrected, (e) the right to withdraw your consent and require us to stop processing or restrict the processing, or not begin the processing of your personal data, (f) the right to be notified of a data breach (unless the breach is unlikely to be prejudicial), (g) the right to obtain information as to any countries or territories outside the Cayman Islands to which we, whether directly or indirectly, transfer, intend to transfer, or wish to transfer your personal data, general measures we take to ensure the security of personal data, and any information available to us as to the source of your personal data, (h) the right to complain to the Office of the Ombudsman of the Cayman Islands, and (i) the right to require us to delete your personal data in some limited circumstances.
If you consider that your personal data has not been handled correctly, or you are not satisfied with our responses to any requests you have made regarding the use of your personal data, you have the right to complain to the Cayman Islands’ Ombudsman. The Ombudsman can be contacted by calling +1 (345) 946-6283 or by email at info@ombudsman.ky.
Changes in Capital (Item 10.B.10 of Form 20-F)
Subject to the Cayman Companies Act, we may, by ordinary resolution:
| (a) | increase our share capital by new shares of the amount fixed by that ordinary resolution and with the attached rights, priorities and privileges set out in that ordinary resolution; |
| (b) | consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of larger amount than our existing shares; |
| (c) | convert all or any of our paid-up shares into stock, and reconvert that stock into paid up shares of any denomination; |
| (d) | sub-divide our shares or any of them into shares of an amount smaller than that fixed, so, however, that in the sub-division, the proportion between the amount paid and the amount, if any, unpaid on each reduced share shall be the same as it was in case of the share from which the reduced share is derived; and |
| (e) | cancel shares which, at the date of the passing of that ordinary resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled or, in the case of shares without nominal par value, diminish the number of shares into which our capital is divided. |
Subject to the Cayman Companies Act and to any rights for the time being conferred on the shareholders holding a particular class of shares, we may, by special resolution, reduce our share capital in any way.
Debt Securities (Item 12.A of Form 20-F)
Not applicable.
Warrants and Rights (Item 12.B of Form 20-F)
Not applicable.
Other Securities (Item 12.C of Form 20-F)
Not applicable.
Description of American Depositary Shares (Items 12.D.1 and 12.D.2 of Form 20-F)
Not applicable.
13
Exhibit 8.1
List of Subsidiaries of SMJ International Holdings Inc.
Registrant - SMJ International Holdings Inc. (a Cayman Islands corporation)
The Registrant owns, directly or indirectly, 100% of the stock of the following subsidiaries as of March 31, 2026 (all of which are included in the consolidated financial statements)
| Name of Subsidiary | Country of Incorporation | |
| SMJ Furnishings Inc. | British Virgin Islands | |
| SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd.(1) | Singapore |
Note:
| (1) | SMJ Furnishings (S) Pte. Ltd. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of SMJ Furnishings Inc. |
Exhibit 12.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Rena Ho, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of SMJ International Holdings Inc. (the “Company”); |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: |
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| (b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: July 28, 2026
| By: | /s/ Rena Ho | ||
| Name: | Rena Ho | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | ||
Exhibit 12.2
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Sherina Low, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of SMJ International Holdings Inc. (the “Company”); |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: |
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| (b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function): |
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: July 28, 2026
| By: | /s/ Sherina Low | ||
| Name: | Sherina Low | ||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | ||
Exhibit 13.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of SMJ International Holdings Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended March 31, 2026, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Rena Ho, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: July 28, 2026
| By: | /s/ Rena Ho | ||
| Name: | Rena Ho | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | ||
Exhibit 13.2
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of SMJ International Holdings Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended March 31, 2026, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Sherina Low, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: July 28, 2026
| By: | /s/ Sherina Low | ||
| Name: | Sherina Low | ||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | ||