Exhibit 99.1

Happy City Holdings Limited Announces Financial Results for the First Half of Fiscal Year 2025

HONG KONG, Oct. 21, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Happy City Holdings Limited (Nasdaq: HCHL) (the “Company”), an established all-you-can-eat hotpot restaurant operator in Hong Kong , today announced its unaudited financial results for the six months ended February 28, 2025 (the “First Half of Fiscal Year 2025”).

Financial Results for the First Half of Fiscal Year 2025

Revenue

Our revenue is generated from providing food and beverage to customers in our restaurants located in North Point, Kwun Tong, Mong Kok and Tsuen Wan. The following table sets forth the breakdown of our revenue by location of our restaurants for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively:

Our revenue increased by US$722,195 or 21.0%, from US$3,437,904 for the six months ended February 29, 2024 to US$4,160,099 for the six months ended February 28, 2025. Such increase was mainly attributable to the upward adjustment in our selling price of our food in August 2024 and the opening of one new restaurant located in Kwun Tong during the six months ended February 28, 2025.

Others represent the revenue recognized for the expiry of membership points in our loyalty program.

Cost of Revenue

Our cost of revenue consists of cost directly related to revenue generating activities, which primarily includes food and beverages cost, operating expenses for the hotpot restaurants, personnel-related compensation expenses, including salaries and related retirement benefit for operations personnel, and other cost directly related to the revenue.

The following table sets forth the breakdown of our cost of revenue for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively:

Our cost of revenue remained relatively stable at US$3,113,028 and US$3,043,454 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Food and Beverages

Our cost of food and beverages remained relatively stable at US$1,226,775 and US$1,225,912 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Payroll and Employee Benefits Expenses

Restaurant operation is highly service-oriented and labor-intensive. Payroll and employee benefits expenses of operation personnel, which primarily consisted of salaries and other allowances and retirement benefit scheme contributions of operation personnel. Our payroll and employee benefits expenses remained relative stable at US$635,998 and US$671,321 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Utilities Expenses (restaurants)

Our utilities expenses for our restaurants primarily consist of expenses incurred for electricity, gas and water utilities for the operation of the restaurants. Our utilities expenses for restaurant remained relatively stable at US$101,913 and US$92,437 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Building Management Fee (restaurants)

Our building management fee for our restaurants increased by US$36,172 or 19.8%, from US$182,325 for the six months ended February 29, 2024 to US$218,497 for the six months ended February 28, 2025. Such increase was mainly attributable to the addition of one new restaurant located in Kwun Tong during the six months ended February 28, 2025.

Depreciation of Property and Equipment

Our depreciation of property and equipment for the operation of our restaurant remained relatively stable at US$292,208 and US$274,221 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Operating lease expenses

Our operating lease expenses in relation to right-of-use assets for the operation of our restaurant increased by US$37,177 or 9.2%, from US$402,177 for the six months ended February 29, 2024 to US$439,354 for the six months ended February 28, 2025. Such increase was mainly attributable to the addition of one operating lease for our new restaurant located in Kwun Tong during the six months ended February 28, 2025.

Other Expenses

Our other expenses mainly represent repair and maintenance expenses, cleaning expenses, consumable expenses and sundry expenses incurred in the ordinary course of operation of our restaurants. Our other expenses remained relatively stable at US$198,283 and US$195,061 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Gross Profit and Gross Profit Margin

The following table sets forth the breakdown of our gross profit and gross profit margin for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively:

Our overall gross profit increased by US$652,621 or 165.5%, from US$394,450 for the six months ended February 29, 2024 to US$1,047,071 for the six months ended February 28, 2025. Our overall gross profit margin increased from 11.5% for the six months ended February 29, 2024 to 25.2% for the six months ended February 28, 2025. Such increase in our overall gross profit and gross profit margin was mainly attributable to (i) the increase in our revenue as a result of the upward adjustment in our selling price of our food in August 2024 and the opening of one new restaurant located in Kwun Tong during the six months ended February 28, 2025 as stated above; and (ii) our successful negotiation with our suppliers and also sourcing new suppliers which supply us with the same quality of food and beverages but at a reduced cost, which led our cost of food and beverages remained relatively stable for the six months ended February 28, 2025, as compared to the six months ended February 29, 2024.

Operating Expenses

Selling and Marketing Expenses

Our selling and marketing expenses mainly represented the advertising and promotion expenses incurred to promote our brand image and awareness.

Our selling and marketing expenses decreased by US$19,630 or 22.4%, from US$87,651 for the six months ended February 29, 2024 to US$68,021 for the six months ended February 28, 2025. Such decrease was mainly attributable to the decrease in marketing expenses we incurred to advertise our brand and restaurants during the six months ended February 28, 2025, as compared to the six months ended February 29, 2024.

Employee Compensation and Benefits

Our employee compensation and benefits under operating expenses primarily consisted of salaries and other allowances and retirement benefit scheme contributions for management and administrative personnel.

Our employee compensation and benefits for our management and administrative personnel remained relatively stable at US$152,855 and US$143,597 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Other General and Administrative Expenses

Our other general and administrative expenses, including other general and administrative expenses to our third parties and our related parties, primarily consisted of bank and credit card charges, office expenses, legal and professional fee, travelling expenses, entertainment expenses, etc.

Our other general and administrative expenses remained relatively stable at US$417,936 and US$327,097 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Other Income (Expense)

Other Income

Our other income includes other income received from the third parties and other income received from our related parties. Our other income received from the third parties primarily consists of bank interest income. Our other income received from our related parties mainly consists of manpower support income received from our replated parties, which we have provided our manpower resources for our related parties, and others. Our total other income decreased by US$110,156 or 94.8%, from US$116,215 for the six months ended February 29, 2024 to US$6,059 for the six months ended February 28, 2025, which was mainly attributable to the decrease in manpower support income received from our related parties by US$84,063 for the six months ended February 28, 2025.

Interest Expenses

Our interest expenses primarily comprised interest on bank borrowings, which amounted to US$107,058 and US$85,450 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively.

Net Income (loss)

As a result of the foregoing, we reported net income of US$284,988 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and net loss of US$90,245 for the six months ended February 29, 2024.

Cash Flow

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024.

Operating activities

Our cash flows generated from operating activities was principally generated from the receipts from our restaurant operations, while our cash used in operating activities was principally used for payments for purchases of food ingredients and beverages, staff costs, property rentals and other operating expenses incurred for our business operations. Our net cash provided by operating activities amounted to US$212,592 for the six months ended February 28, 2025, mainly derived from (i) the net income for the period of US$284,988; and (ii) various non-cash items of US$731,562, such as depreciation on property and equipment and operating lease expenses, which was partially offset by (i) the increase in prepaid expenses, rental deposit and other receivables of US$248,190 as a result of the additional rental deposits paid for the lease for our newly opened restaurant located in Kwun Tong during the six months ended February 28, 2025; and (ii) the payment of our lease for our operations of US$498,303 for the six months ended February 28, 2025.

Our net cash provided by operating activities amounted to US$592,859 for the six months ended February 29, 2024, mainly derived from (i) various non-cash items of US$676,398, such as depreciation on property and equipment and operating lease expenses; and (ii) the increase in accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities of US$536,631 due to more billings from our suppliers on the purchase closer to the end of the six months ended February 29, 2024, as compared to the fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, which was partially offset by (i) the net loss for the period of US$90,245; and (ii) the payment of our lease for our operations of US$376,658 for the six months ended February 29, 2024.

Investing activities

Our net cash used in investing activities was US$794,013 for the six months ended February 28, 2025, mainly attributable to the prepayment for decoration and property and equipment for our newly opened restaurant located in Kwun Tong.

Our net cash used in investing activities was US$581,617 for the six months ended February 29, 2024, mainly attributable to the purchase of property and equipment.

Financing activities

Our net cash used in financing activities was US$1,016,471 for the six months ended February 28, 2025, mainly attributable to (i) the repayment of bank borrowings of US$228,620; (ii) the payments of offering costs related to the initial public offering of US$566,466; and (iii) the net repayment to a director of US$356,388.

Our net cash provided by financing activities was US$315,682 for the six months ended February 29, 2024, mainly attributable to (i) the proceeds from bank borrowings of US$224,196; and (ii) the net advance from a director of US$91,486.

Recent Events

On June 24, 2025, the Company was listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market following the completion of its share offering. The Company began trading under the ticker symbol “HCHL” on this date. On July 7, 2025, the underwriters to the Company’s initial public offering had exercised the over-allotment option partially to purchase an additional 112,000 Class A Ordinary Shares. The gross proceeds received from the Company’s initial public offering, including the proceeds from the sale of the over-allotment shares, totalled US$6.06 million.

About Happy City Holdings Limited

We operate three all-you-can-eat hotpot restaurants and specialize in Thai and Japanese Hotpot under the brand names “Thai Pot (泰金鍋)” and “Gyu! Gyu! Shabu Shabu (牛牛殿堂日式火鍋放題)” in Hong Kong. As of the date of this prospectus, we operate three restaurants located in Tsuen Wan in the New Territories, Mong Kok in Kowloon, and Kwun Tong in Kowloon. We have been in the restaurant services industry in Hong Kong for over 5 years. We primarily compete in the Hong Kong hotpot restaurant market.

Forward-Looking Statements

This news release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and as defined in the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, words such as "may," "will," "expect," "believe," "anticipate," "intend," "could," "estimate" or "continue" or the negative or other variations thereof or comparable terminology are intended to identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantee of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the control of the Company. Actual results may differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements due to risks and uncertainties, as well as other risk factors that are included in the Company's filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Although the Company believes that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that the results contemplated in forward-looking statements will be realized. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking information included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that their objectives or plans will be achieved. The Company does not undertake any obligation to revise the forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Contacts

Happy City Holdings Limited
Investor Relations
Email: info@happycitys.com

6

Exhibit 99.2

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED
INDEX TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

TABLE OF CONTENT

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for number of shares)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for number of shares)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for number of shares)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in U.S. dollars, except for number of shares)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

Organization

Happy City Holdings Limited (the “Company”) is a limited liability company established under the laws of the British Virgin Islands on July 4, 2024. It is a holding company with no business operation.

The Company owns 100% equity interest of (i) A-One President Limited, a limited liability company established in Hong Kong on January 24, 2020; (ii) Topwell Gold Limited, a limited liability company established in Hong Kong on October 18, 2019; (iii) Million Great International Limited, a limited liability company established in Hong Kong on June 18, 2021 and (iv) Happy City Ventures Pte. Ltd., a private company limited by shares established in Singapore on 29 August, 2024. The Company has acquired 100% share holdings of two new subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong (1. East Harmony Limited from an independent third party at a consideration of $0.13 (equivalent to HK$1) on October 25, 2024; and 2. Asia Virtue Limited from Ms. Kwan Shuk Yee, a director of the Company, at a consideration of $0.13 (equivalent to HK$1) on November 11, 2024).

The Company and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”) operates established hotpot restaurants in Hong Kong.

Reorganization, share split and share redesignation

A reorganization of the legal structure of the Group (the “Reorganization”) was completed on July 24, 2024. Prior to the Reorganization, A-One President Limited, Topwell Gold Limited and Million Great International Limited, the operating subsidiaries of the Company, were wholly owned and controlled by Happy City Group Limited, which was controlled by Jantin Investments Group Limited that was beneficially owned and controlled by Mr. Lam Tak Shing and Ms. Kwan Shuk Yee. As part of the Reorganization, the Company was incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands on July 4, 2024 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Happy City Group Limited. On July 24, 2024, Happy City Group Limited transferred all of its ordinary shares in A-One President Limited, Topwell Gold Limited and Million Great International Limited to the Company. Consequently, the Company became the holding company of A-One President Limited, Topwell Gold Limited and Million Great International Limited on July 24, 2024. On August 29, 2024, Happy City Ventures Pte. Ltd. was incorporated in Singapore as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company and its subsidiaries resulting from Reorganization has always been under the common control of the same controlling shareholders before and after the Reorganization. The consolidation of the Company and its subsidiaries has been accounted for at historical cost and prepared on the basis as if the aforementioned transactions had become effective as of the beginning of the first period presented in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Results of operations for the periods presented comprise those of the previously separate entities combined from the beginning of the period to the end of the period, eliminating the effects of intra-entity transactions.

On August 14, 2024, the Company effectuated a share split of its issued and outstanding shares at a ratio of 4,000,000 for one (the “1st Share Split”), so that there were 4,000,000 ordinary shares issued and outstanding post-1st Share Split. On the same date of its 1st Share Split, the Company allotted 2,000,000 ordinary shares in aggregate to a group of investors at the consideration of US$0.375 per share.

On September 13, 2024, the Company effectuated a further share split of its issued and outstanding shares at a ratio of 3 for one (the “2nd Share Split”, together with 1st Share Split, the “Share Split”), so that there were 18,000,000 ordinary shares issued and outstanding post-2nd Share Split. From a British Virgin Islands legal perspective, the Share Split does not have any retroactive effect on our shares prior to the effective date.

On March 4, 2025, the Company’s shareholders resolved to reclassify the Company’s authorized share capital from unlimited number of shares without par value into unlimited number of Class A Ordinary Shares, each having one (1) vote per share and Class B Ordinary Shares without par value, each having 20 votes per share (the “Share Redesignation”). Pursuant to the Share Redesignation, the 18,000,000 authorized and issued shares held by the nine shareholders were redesignated into 6,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares and 12,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares in aggregate.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES (cont.)

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the activities of Happy City Holdings Limited and the following entities:

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of estimates and assumptions

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and judgments are based on historical information, information that is currently available to the Group and on various other assumptions that the Group believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Significant estimates required to be made by management, include, but are not limited to, the useful lives of property and equipment and uncertain tax position. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and as such, differences could be material to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Functional Currency and Foreign Currency Translation and transaction

Change in functional currency

Effective September 1, 2024, the Company adopted the United States Dollars (“US$” or “$”) as its functional currency. Prior to September 1, 2024, the functional currency of the Company was the Hong Kong Dollars (“HK$”). The remaining foreign operations are considered integrated and have the domestic dollar as their functional currency. The change in functional currency of the Company is due to the increased exposure to the US$, which main purpose of the Company is for the receipt of the IPO funding which dominated in US$. The management is in the opinion that the exposure of change in functional currency is minimal as HK$ is pledged to US$.

The Group’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are reported using the United States Dollars.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.) 

Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions. In addition, for unsettled foreign currency transactions, foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized for changes between the transaction exchange rates and month-end exchange rates. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in other income (expense), net, in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period incurred.

The exchange rates used to translate amounts in Hong Kong Dollars into U.S. Dollars for the purposes of preparing the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are as follows:-

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the exchange price that would be received from an asset or paid to transfer a liability (as exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

ASC 825-10 requires certain disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

The Group considers the carrying amount of its financial assets and liabilities, which consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable, tax payable and, other payables, amount due to a director and bank borrowings approximate the fair value of the respective assets and liabilities as of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024 due to their short-term nature. The carrying amount of the Group’s non-current bank borrowings is considered to approximate their fair value as of February 28, 2025, and August 31, 2024 due to the borrowings’ terms and interest rates being consistent with current market conditions, and the absence of significant prepayment penalties or embedded derivatives.

The Group had no transfers between levels during any of the periods presented. The Group did not have any instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024.

Inventories, net

Inventories, net consist of food and beverages and are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out method. Any unusable or spoiled inventory is written off when identified.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method from the time the assets are placed in service. Estimated useful lives are as follows:

The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expensed as incurred, while additions, renewals and betterments, which are expected to extend the useful life of assets, are capitalized.

Business Combinations

The Group accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805 “Business Combinations.” The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the acquisition date fair values of the assets transferred and liabilities incurred by the Group to the sellers and equity instruments issued. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets and liabilities acquired or assumed are measured separately at their fair values as of the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any non-controlling interests. The excess of (i) the total costs of acquisition, fair value of the non-controlling interests and acquisition date fair value of any previously held equity interest in the acquiree over (ii) the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized directly in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with commercial banks that can be added or withdrawn without limitation. The Group maintains the bank accounts in Hong Kong. Cash balances in bank accounts in Hong Kong are insured under the Deposit Protection Scheme introduced by the Hong Kong Government for a maximum amount of approximately $102,859 (HK$800,000). Cash balances in bank accounts in Hong Kong are not otherwise insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or other programs. As of February 28, 2025, the Group has cash on hand amounted of US$218,395 and bank balance amounted of US$1,147,083 respectively.

Accounts receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net are recognized and carried at original invoiced amount less allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable, net are mainly represented by credit card receivables, which are collected in short period of time. The Group reviews the collectability of its receivables on an on-going basis, and has not provided for an allowance as it considers all of the counterparties historically and will be able to meet their obligations.

Effective on September 1, 2022, the Group adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The new standard replaces the ‘incurred loss methodology’ credit impairment model with a new forward-looking “methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates.” In applying the new standard, the Group has adopted the loss rate methodology to estimate historical losses on accounts receivable. The Group has adopted the aging methodology to estimate the credit losses on accounts receivable. The historical data is adjusted to account for forecasted changes in the macroeconomic environment in order to calculate the current expected credit loss. The Group’s adoption did not result in a material change in the carrying values of the Group’s accounts receivable on the adoption date.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)

Prepaid expenses

Prepayments represent advance payments made to the service providers for future services. Prepayments are short-term in nature and are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the realizability of the prepayments becomes doubtful. For the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, there was no impairment indicator as the Group considers all of the prepayments are fully realizable.

Current expected credit losses

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments requires entities to use a current lifetime expected credit losses methodology to measure impairments of certain financial assets. Using this methodology will result in earlier recognition of losses than under the current incurred loss approach, which requires waiting to recognize a loss until it is probable of having been incurred. There are other provisions within the standard that affect how impairments of other financial assets may be recorded and presented, and that expand disclosures. The Group adopted the new standard effective September 1, 2022, the first day of the Group’s fiscal year and applied to other financial instruments. The adoption of this guidance did not materially impact on the net earnings and financial position and has no impact on the cash flows.

Asset retirement obligations

Pursuant to ASC 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, an asset retirement obligation (“ARO”), is recorded when there is a legal obligation associated with the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset and the fair value of the liability can reasonably be estimated. Upon initial recognition, AROs are recorded as a liability at their estimated present value, with an offsetting increase to the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. Over time, the liabilities are accreted for the change in their present value through charges to cost of revenues and general and administrative costs. If the fair value of the estimated ARO changes, an adjustment is recorded to both the ARO and the asset retirement cost. Revisions in estimated liabilities can result from revisions of estimated inflation rates, escalating retirement costs, and changes in the estimated timing of settling ARO liabilities.

The total ARO consists of liabilities for decommissioning and restoration of rented restaurant store facilities to be performed in the future. The Company engaged an external valuation expert with recognized professional qualifications and recent experience to perform the valuations of the fair value of the AROs. Fair value of the AROs is determined using third-party estimates of the total restoration costs, adjusted for inflation. These values are discounted to present value using the Group’s credit adjusted risk-free rate of the related rental facility and are recorded in other long-term liabilities. Periodic accretion of the discount on the ARO is recorded in cost of revenues for operating restaurants and general and administrative costs for general offices. If ARO is settled for an amount other than the recorded amount, a gain or loss is recognized.

Related parties

The Group adopted ASC Topic 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions.

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets, representing property and equipment with finite lives, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)

The Group assesses the recoverability of the assets based on the undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate and recognizes an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. If an impairment is identified, the Group will reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. As of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024, no impairment of long-lived assets has been recognized.

Lease

Leases that transfer substantially all of the benefits and risks incidental to the ownership of assets are accounted for as finance leases as if there was an acquisition of an asset and incurrence of an obligation at the inception of the lease. All other leases are accounted for as operating leases. The Group has no finance leases.

Under ASC 842, the Group determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of future lease payments at lease commencement. The operating lease right-of-use asset also includes any lease payments made prior to lease commencement and the initial direct costs incurred by the lessee and is recorded net of any lease incentives received. As the interest rates implicit in most of the leases are not readily determinable, the Group uses the incremental borrowing rates based on the information available at lease commencement to determine the present value of the future lease payments. Operating lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

All leases are required to be capitalised in the balance sheets as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, but accounting policy choices exist for an entity to choose not to capitalise leases which are short-term leases. The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases for which at the commencement date have a lease term of less than 12 months. The lease payments associated with those leases have been expensed on straight-line basis over the lease term.

Long-term rental and utility deposits

Long-term rental and utility deposits represent security payments made to lessors and utility service providers for the Group’s lease agreements entered. The Group made such security payments upon the commencement of the original lease agreements. The security deposit will be refunded to the Group upon the termination or expiration of the lease agreements as well as the delivery of the vacant leased properties to the lessors by the Group.

Accounts payable

Accounts payable represent trade payables to vendors with normal credit terms of 7-25 days from month-ended invoicing.

Accrued expenses and other payables

Accrued expenses and other payables primarily include accrued salary and employee benefits, accrued expenses for the operation in the ordinary course of business.

Bank borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of upfront fees incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)

Revenue recognition — food and beverages

The Group recognizes revenue from providing food and beverage to customers in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and subsequently issued additional related Accounting Standards Updates (collectively, “ASC 606”).

The Group primarily generates revenue from the operation of hotpot restaurants which provide food and beverage to customers. The Group recognizes revenue when payment is tendered at the point of sale as the performance obligation has been satisfied. The single performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time when the service or product has been delivered to the customer, no obligation is outstanding regarding that service or product, and the Group is s assured that funds have been or will be collected from the customer, i.e., customers settled the amount by cash, credit card or electronic payment. The transaction price is clearly identifiable on the food menu and revenue is recognized net of discounts and incentives collected from customers. The Group has no obligations for returns, refunds or similar obligations with customers.

The Group also offers food and beverage products through third-party aggregators’ platforms. The Group accepts orders from third-party aggregators’ platforms. The transaction price is determined by third-party aggregators’ platforms and accepted by the Group. The Group is the principal in the arrangement with third-party aggregators’ platforms and recognizes revenue net of discounts, incentives and delivery fees charged by third-party aggregators’ platforms, when the performance obligation has been satisfied. The single performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time when control of the food is transferred to the delivery partner arranged by third-party aggregators’ platforms and no obligation is outstanding regarding that product, objective evidence is received from the aggregator indicating correct delivery of the product, and the Group is reasonably assured that funds have been or will be collected from third-party aggregators’ platforms. Third-party aggregators’ platforms transfer the transaction price to the Group on a bi-weekly or monthly basis. The Group is responsible for the quality of the food and beverage, and any customers’ queries or claims, which are considered antecedent to the transfer of goods. The Group has not accrued for losses or returns as the aggregators would not be expected to provide objective evidence to the Group if the food and beverage products were not properly delivered to the end-user. At the inception of each order, the Group evaluates the amount of potential payments and the likelihood that the payments will be received.

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues consists of cost directly related to revenue generating activities, which primarily includes food and beverages costs, operating expenses for the hotpot restaurants, personnel-related compensation expenses, including salaries and related retirement benefit for operations personnel, and other cost directly linked to the revenue.

Employee benefit plan

Payments to the Mandatory Provident Fund Scheme (“MPF scheme”) under the Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance are recognized as an expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contributions. An employer is required to make regular mandatory contributions of at least 5% of the employee’s monthly income or the maximum employer’s contribution of $192 (HK$1,500) of the employee’s monthly income over $3,846 (HK$30,000).

Selling and marketing expenses

Selling and marketing expenses primarily consist of advertising and sponsorship expenses. During the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, the Group recognized advertising expenses of $33,561 and $76,508, respectively, for web adverting and marketing campaigns to promote brand image and awareness.

Bank and credit card charges

Bank and credit card charges primarily include banking service charges and credit-card terminal processing fee levied on handling electronic payment transactions.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)

Other General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel-related compensation expenses, including salaries and related retirement benefits for management and administrative personnel, operating expenses for office space, depreciation for property and equipment used in office space, professional services fees and other miscellaneous administrative expenses.

Interest income

Interest income is mainly generated from savings and time deposits which are less than one year, and is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective interest method. Interest income receives from banks on a monthly basis.

Interest expenses

Interest expenses represent bank borrowings for supporting general business operation and lease liabilities interests.

Income taxes

The Group accounts for income taxes pursuant to ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Income taxes are provided on an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Any tax paid by subsidiaries during the year is recorded. Current tax is based on the profit or loss from ordinary activities adjusted for items that are non-assessable or disallowable for income tax purpose and is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. ASC 740 also requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax losses and tax benefit carry-forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires the establishment of a valuation allowance to reflect the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. Realization of deferred tax assets, including those related to the U.S. net operating loss carry-forwards, is dependent upon future earnings, if any, of which the timing and amount are uncertain.

The Group adopted ASC 740-10-05, Income Tax, which provides guidance for recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions, and prescribes a threshold condition that a tax position must meet for any of the benefits of the uncertain tax position to be recognized in the financial statements. It also provides accounting guidance on derecognizing, classification and disclosure of these uncertain tax positions.

The Group’s policy on classification of all interest and penalties related to unrecognized income tax positions, if any, is to present them as a component of income taxes.

Comprehensive income

The Group presents comprehensive income in accordance with ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income, (“ASC 220”). ASC 220 states that all items that are required to be recognized under accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Comprehensive income consists of two components, net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income refers to revenue, expenses, gains and losses that are recorded as an element of shareholders’ equity but are excluded from net income. Other comprehensive income consists of a foreign currency translation adjustment resulting from the Group translating its financial statements from functional currency into reporting currency.

Commitments and contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of the business that relate to a wide range of matters, such as government investigations and tax matters. The Group recognizes a liability for such contingency if it determines it is probable that a loss has occurred, and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made. The Group may consider many factors in making these assessments including historical and the specific facts and circumstances of each matter.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)

Earnings per share

The Group computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the six months ended February 28, 2025 and year ended August 31, 2024, there were no dilutive shares.

Deferred offering cost

The Company capitalizes certain legal and other third-party fees that are directly associated with in-process equity financings as deferred offering costs until such financings are consummated. After consummation of the equity financing, these costs are recorded in shareholders’ deficit as a reduction of additional paid-in capital generated as a result of the offering. Should the in-process equity financing be abandoned, the deferred offering costs will be expensed immediately as a charge to operating expenses in the statements of operations. Offering costs, including legal, accounting, and filing fees related to the IPO, were deferred and were offset against the offering proceeds upon the completion of the IPO. Upon completion of the IPO, the deferred offering costs were reclassified to additional paid in capital. There were no deferred offering costs capitalized as of February 28, 2025.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Group as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Group believes that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280), Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The purpose of the update was to improve financial reporting by requiring disclosures of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which requires disclosure of incremental income tax information within the rate reconciliation and expanded disclosures of income taxes paid, among other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Group’s management does not believe the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU no. 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40). The amendments in this update enhance disclosures about a public business entity’s expense and provide more detailed information about the types of expenses included in certain notes in the consolidated financial statements. ASU no. 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption permitted. The amendments may be applied prospectively to reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to all periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. The Group’s management is currently evaluating any new disclosures that may be required upon adoption of ASU 2024-03.

Except as mentioned above, the Group does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, statements of income and comprehensive income and statements of cash flows.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

3. LIQUIDITY AND GOING CONCERN

Although the Group had a net current liabilities of $1,096,780 and $918,271 as of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024 respectively, the Group generated a positive cash flow from operating activities in an amount of US$212,592 for the six months ended February 28, 2025. Management plans to continue to focus on improving operational efficiency and cost reductions. Additionally, the Group has received $6.06 million gross proceeds in total from initial public offering and sale of the over-allotment shares.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Group will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Group be unable to continue as a going concern.

In assessing the Group’s liquidity, the Group monitors and evaluates its cash and cash equivalent and its operating and capital expenditure commitments. The Group’s liquidity needs are to meet its working capital requirements, operating expenses and capital expenditure obligations.

On Jun24, 2025, the Company was listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market following the completion of its share offer, and on July 7, 2025, the underwriter to the Company’s initial offering had exercised the over-allotment option partially to purchase 112,000 Class A Ordinary Shares. The Company received gross amount of US$6.06 million subsequently.

Based on the above consideration, management believes that the Group has sufficient funds to meet its operating and capital expenditure needs and obligations in the next 12 months.

4. SEGMENT INFORMATION

ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Group’s internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in financial statements for details on the Group’s business segments. The Group uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Group’s chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Group’s reportable segments. The Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer. Management, including the CODM, reviews operation results by the revenue of different products or services. Based on the management’s assessment, the Group has determined that it has only one operating segment. All assets of the Group are located in Hong Kong and all revenue is generated in Hong Kong as of February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024.

5. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:

During the six months ended February 28, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024, the Group had no allowance for current expected credit losses. No provision for current expected credit loss was made for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

5. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET (cont.)

As of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024, the ageing analysis of accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, based on the invoice date is as follows:

6. PREPAID EXPENSES, RENTAL DEPOSIT AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Prepaid expenses, rental deposit and other receivables, consisted of the following:

7. INVENTORIES, NET

Inventories, net consisted of the following:

No impairment on inventories were recorded for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

8. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:

Depreciation expenses recognized for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024 were $292,208 and $274,221, respectively. The management is in the opinion that the segment has operating profit during the period. Based on the management’s assessment , no impairment loss was recorded for the six month ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024.

9. LONG-TERM RENTAL, UTILITY AND OTHER DEPOSITS

Long-term rental, utility and other deposits, consisted of the following:

10. BANK BORROWINGS

Bank borrowings were analyzed as follows:

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

10. BANK BORROWINGS (cont.)

Maturities of the bank borrowings were as follows:

Bank borrowings as of February 28, 2025 (unaudited) and August 31, 2024 (audited) were as follows:

Note:

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

11. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER PAYABLES

Accrued expenses and other payables consisted of the following:

12. OPERATING LEASES

The Group entered into leases for use of office, and restaurant store premises in Hong Kong. The short-term lease was entered into in relation to the warehouse. During the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, the rental expense was amounted to $4,979 and $4,958 respectively. The Group’s total cash payment of leases classified as operating lease, was amounted to US$487,336 and US$485,054 for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024, respectively. These payments are included in the Group’s operating cash flows.

The Group’s operating lease assets and lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balances sheets consisted of the following:

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

12. OPERATING LEASES (cont.)

The maturity analysis of the Company’s operating lease obligations as of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024 were as follows:

Variable lease payments

Leases of restaurants are either with only fixed lease payments or contain variable lease payment that are based on 10% to 12% of sales with minimum monthly lease payments that are fixed over the lease term for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024. The payment terms are common in restaurants in Hong Kong and areas where the Group operates. The amounts of fixed and variable lease payments paid to relevant lessors for the six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024 are as follows:

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

12. OPERATING LEASES (cont.)

The overall financial effect of using variable payment terms is that higher rental costs are incurred by restaurants with higher sales. Variable rental expenses are expected to continue to represent a similar proportion of restaurants sales in future years.

13. AMOUNT DUE TO A DIRECTOR

The amount due to a director was unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.

14. LONG SERVICE PAYMENT OBLIGATION

Hong Kong employees are entitled to long service payments (“LSP”) in accordance with the Hong Kong Employment Ordinance under certain circumstances. These circumstances include where an employee is dismissed for reasons other than serious misconduct or redundancy, that employee resigns at the age of 65 or above, or the employment contract is of fixed term and expires without renewal. The amount of long service payments is determined with reference to the employee’s final salary (capped at $2,885 (HK$22,500) and the years of service, reduced by the amount of any accrued benefits derived from the Group’s contributions to MPF scheme, with an overall cap of $50,000 (HK$390,000) per employee. Currently, the Group does not have any separate funding arrangement in place to meet its LSP obligation.

In June 2022, the Hong Kong Government gazetted the Amendment Ordinance, which will eventually abolish the statutory right of an employer to reduce its LSP payable to a Hong Kong employee by drawing on its mandatory contributions to the MPF scheme. The Hong Kong Government has subsequently announced that the Amendment Ordinance will come into effect from May 1, 2025 (the “Transition Date”). Separately, the Government is also expected to introduce a subsidy scheme to assist employers after the abolition.

Among other things, once the abolition of the offsetting mechanism takes effect, an employer can no longer use any of the accrued benefits derived from its mandatory MPF contributions (irrespective of the contributions made before, on or after the Transition Date) to reduce the LSP in respect of an employee’s service from the Transition Date. However, where an employee’s employment commenced before the Transition Date, the employer can continue to use the above accrued benefits to reduce the LSP in respect of the employee’s service up to that date; in addition, the LSP in respect of the service before the Transition Date will be calculated based on the employee’s monthly salary immediately before the Transition Date and the years of service up to that date.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

14. LONG SERVICE PAYMENT OBLIGATION (cont.)

The present value of unfunded obligations and its movements are as follows:

15. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GOVERNMENT PLAN

The Group made contribution to the MPF Scheme for all qualifying employees in Hong Kong, in accordance with the requirements of relevant regulation. The assets of the MPF Scheme are held separately from those of the Group in funds under the control of the trustee.

16. COST OF REVENUES

Cost of revenues consists of cost directly related to revenue generating activities. The following table shows disaggregated cost of revenues by major categories for six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024:

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

17. OTHER INCOME

The following table shows other income for six months ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024:

Note: The manpower support income were for secondment of staff to related companies as set at Note 20.

18. INCOME TAXES

British Virgin Islands

Under the current laws of the British Virgin Islands, the Company is not subject to tax on income or capital gain. Additionally, upon payments of dividends to the shareholders, no British Virgin Islands withholding tax will be imposed.

Hong Kong

In accordance with the relevant tax laws and regulations of Hong Kong, a company registered in Hong Kong is subject to income taxes within Hong Kong at the applicable tax rate on taxable income. Hong Kong profit tax rates are 8.25% on assessable profits up to approximately $256,410 (HK$2,000,000), and 16.5% on any part of assessable profits approximately $256,410 (HK$2,000,000).

Income tax (benefit) expense consisted of the following components:

The following tables provide the reconciliation of the differences between the statutory and effective tax rates following as of February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024:

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

18. INCOME TAXES (cont.)

The Group’s effective tax rate was as follows as of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024:

HKSAR profits tax rate at 16.5% and 16.5% respectively. The Group’s effective tax rate was 7.20% and 1.32% respectively.

Significant components of deferred tax were as follows:

The significant components of the Group’s deferred tax assets are as follows:

As of February 28, 2025 and as of August 31, 2024, the Group has net operating loss carried forward of $125,194 and $279,024 respectively. These losses can offset future taxable income and can be carried forward indefinitely. As of February 28, 2025 and as of August 31, 2024, the management of the Company considers evidence, both positive and negative, that could affect its view of the future realization of deferred tax assets. The Company believed that it was more likely than not that the Company will be unable to fully utilize its deferred tax assets. As a result, valuation allowance of $25,382 and $46,039 were recorded against the gross deferred tax asset balance as of February 28, 2025 and August 31, 2024.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

19. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated on the basis of weighted average outstanding ordinary shares.

The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted earnings per share

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

20. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The related party transactions were as follows:

21. RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Credit risk

The Group’s assets that are potentially subject to a significant concentration of credit risk primarily consist of bank balances and accounts receivable, net. Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable, net is limited due to the short repayment period.

Bank balances

The Group believes that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash in Hong Kong, which were held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdiction where the Company’s Hong Kong subsidiary is located.

Other receivables

The Group is exposed to risk from other receivables. These assets are subject to credit evaluations. An allowance, where applicable, is made for estimated unrecoverable amounts that have been determined by reference to past default experience and the current economic environment.

Interest rate risk

The Group is exposed to cash flow interest rate risk through changes in interest rates related mainly to the Group’s bank borrowings and bank balances. The Company currently does not have any interest rate hedging policy in relation to fair value interest rate risk and cash flow interest rate risk. The directors monitor the Group’s exposures on an ongoing basis and will consider hedging the interest rate should the need arise.

Foreign currency risk

The Company is not exposed to significant foreign currency risk.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Group’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group’s reputation.

Typically, the Group ensures that it has sufficient cash on demand to meet expected operational expenses for a period of twelve months, including the servicing of financial obligations; this excludes the potential impact of extreme circumstances that cannot reasonably be predicted, such as natural disasters.

HAPPY CITY HOLDINGS LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

21. RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (cont.)

Market and geographic risk

The Group’s major operations are conducted in Hong Kong. Accordingly, the political, economic, and legal environments in Hong Kong, as well as the general state of Hong Kong’s economy may influence the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.

22. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Ordinary shares

The Company was incorporated as a British Virgin Islands business company with limited liability on July 4, 2024 under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. In connection with the incorporation, on the same date of its incorporation, Happy City Holdings Limited issued a total of 1 share of its ordinary shares to its sole shareholder, Happy City Group Limited, at the consideration of US$1. On August 14, 2024, the Company effectuated the 1st Share Split, so that there were 4,000,000 ordinary shares issued and outstanding post-1st Share Split. On the same date of its 1st Share Split, the Company allotted 2,000,000 ordinary shares in aggregate to a group of investors at the consideration of US$0.375 per share.

On September 13, 2024, the Company effectuated 2nd Share Split, so that there were 18,000,000 ordinary shares issued and outstanding post-2nd Share Split. From a British Virgin Islands legal perspective, the Share Split does not have any retroactive effect on our shares prior to the effective date.

On March 4, 2025, the Company’s shareholders resolved to reclassify the Company’s authorized share capital from unlimited number of shares without par value into unlimited number of Class A Ordinary Shares, each having one (1) vote per share and Class B Ordinary Shares without par value, each having 20 votes per share. Pursuant to the Share Redesignation, the 18,000,000 authorized and issued shares held by the nine shareholders were redesignated into 6,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares and 12,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares in aggregate.

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the Share Split and Share Redesignation, as if these events had occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented.

23. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

On June 24, 2025, the Company was listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market following the completion of its share offering. The Company began trading under the ticker symbol “HCHL” on this date. On July 7, 2025, the underwriters to the Company’s initial public offering had exercised the over-allotment option partially to purchase an additional 112,000 Class A Ordinary Shares. The gross proceeds received from the Company’s initial public offering, including the proceeds from the sale of the over-allotment shares, totalled US$6.06 million.

Except for above, the Group did not have any material subsequent event need to disclose or adjust.