OSRホールディングスの四半期報告

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2025

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		001-41390		84-5052822
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(Commission File Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

10900 NE 4th Street, Suite 2300 Bellevue, WA		98004
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(425) 635-7700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class:	Trading Symbol:	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered:
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	OSRH	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Redeemable warrants, exercisable for shares of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share	OSRHW	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 20, 2025, there were 19,276,978 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share issued and outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I Financial Information		1

Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	4
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	33

PART II Other Information		34

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	34
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	34
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	34
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	36
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	36
Item 5.	Other Information	36
Item 6.	Exhibits	36
	Signatures	37

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

OSR HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIAIRIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In the United States Dollar, except share data)

	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Assets	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,595,697		$	341,543
Trade and other receivables, less allowance for credit losses of $66,006.82 and $67,579.81 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		799,537			933,824
Inventories, net		736,630			922,107
Prepaid income taxes		4			39
Other current financial assets		54,552			54,422
Other current assets		280,419			74,555
Total current assets		3,466,839			2,326,489
Equipment and vehicles, net		999			2,334
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		68,595			78,484
Intangible assets, net		146,159,289			148,056,852
Goodwill		24,412,190			24,354,066
Other non-current financial assets		349,964			329,252
Deferred tax assets		92,320			92,101
Total assets	$	174,550,197		$	175,239,579
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowing	$	1,649,175		$	1,799,796
Short-term corporate bond		2,563,000			-
Trade and other payables		7,296,793			1,078,760
Accrued expenses		726,325			459,883
Operating lease liabilities-current		42,028			44,741
Other current liabilities		1,002,877			79,777
Income taxes payable		358,588			255
Current portion - LT debt		245,482			-
Total current liabilities		13,884,268			3,463,212

Long-term debt		253,042			497,615
Operating lease liabilities- non-current		26,331			33,372
Other non-current liabilities		1,661			1,657
Deferred tax liabilities		28,102,418			28,035,508
Total liabilities		42,267,720			32,031,364

Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, ₩5,000 par value, Authorized 100,000,000 shares; 19,276,978 shares and 2,155,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		1,928			216
Additional paid-in capital		106,082,223			162,606,449
Accumulated deficit		(30,565,877	)		(19,173,063	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		241,690			(225,386	)
Non-controlling interests		56,522,514			-
Total stockholders’ equity		132,282,477			143,208,215
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	174,550,197		$	175,239,579

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

OSR HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIAIRIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(In the United States Dollar)

	Three months ended March 31,
	2025			2024

Net sales	$	761,272		$	910,225
Cost of sales		592,586			670,424
Gross profit		168,686			239,802
Selling, general, and administrative expenses		3,086,512			3,542,330
Operating loss		(2,917,826	)		(3,302,528	)
Other income (expense):
Interest income		4,318			5,526
Interest expense		(16,399	)		(13,545	)
Other income		26,494			26,776
Other expenses		(8,489,401	)		(71,591	)
Loss before income taxes		(11,392,814	)		(3,355,362	)
Income tax benefit		—			(4	)
Net loss		(11,392,814	)		(3,355,366	)
Attributable to:
OSR Holdings Co., Ltd. and subsidiaries		(11,392,814	)		(3,355,366	)
Non-controlling interests		—			-
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax

Gain on foreign currency translation		467,076			11,974
Total comprehensive loss for the year	$	(10,925,738	)	$	(3,343,391	)
Attributable to:
OSR Holdings Co., Ltd. and subsidiaries		(10,925,738	)		(3,343,391	)
Non-controlling interests		—			-
Loss per share attributable to OSR Holdings Co., Ltd. and subsidiaries
Basic loss per ordinary share	$	(1.04	)	$	(0.60	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

OSR HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIAIRIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(In the United States Dollar, except share data)

	Common stock				Additional			Retained Earnings (accumulated			Accumulated other comprehensive			Non-controlling		Total stockholders’
	Shares		Amounts		paid-in capital			deficit)			Income (loss)			interests		equity
Balance at January 1, 2024		5,622,954	$	640	$	162,606,449		$	(10,496,810	)	$	131,022		$	—	$	152,241,301
Net loss		—		—		—			(3,355,366	)		—			—		(3,355,366	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—			—			11,974			—		11,974
Balance at March 31, 2024		5,622,954	$	640	$	162,606,449		$	(13,852,175	)	$	142,997		$	—	$	148,897,910
Balance at January 1, 2025		2,155,000	$	216	$	162,606,449		$	(19,173,063	)	$	(225,386	)	$	—	$	143,208,215
Net loss		—		—		—			(11,392,814	)		—			—		(11,392,814	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—			—			467,076			—		467,076
Business Combination		17,121,978		1,712		(56,524,226	)		—			—			56,522,514		—
Balance at March 31, 2025		19,276,978	$	1,928	$	106,082,223		$	(30,565,877	)	$	241,690		$	56,522,514	$	132,282,477

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

OSR HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIAIRIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(In the United States Dollar)

	Three months ended March 31,
	2025			2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(11,392,814	)	$	(3,355,366	)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation		378			16,936
Amortization		2,272,817			2,896,174
Loss on inventory valuation		-			2,240
Loss on disposal of tangible assets		-			626
Lease expense		13,424			-
Gain on disposal of ROU assets		-			(444	)
Bad debts		(1,751	)		4,216
Severance pay		152,087			24,477
Interest expense		-			64
Merger and acquisiton costs		8,464,579			-
Loss on foreign currency translation		(3,075	)		34,772
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in trade and other receivables		139,567			15,089
Increase in inventories, net		189,466			210,419
Increase in other current assets		(11,599	)		(37,739	)
(Decrease) increase in trade and other payables		22,356			(290,858	)
Increase in accrued expenses		94,922			4,805
Increase (decrease) in lease liabilities		(13,424	)		(16,447	)
Increase in tax payables		35			(4,208	)
(Decrease) Increase in other liabilities		8,962			(3,532	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(64,069	)		(498,776	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Decrease in deposits		-			4,271
Decrease in short-term loan		-			225,440
Disposal of equipment and vehicles		1,000			684
Increase in deposits		-			(3,764	)
Increase in long-term loan		(14,539	)		-
Increase in cash and cash equivalents from business combination		1,199,129			-
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		1,185,591			226,631
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt		-			121,501
Proceeds from short-term borrowing		149,381			481,460
Repayment of short-term borrowing		-			(336,378	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		149,381			266,582
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		1,270,902			(5,562	)
Effects of changes in exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents		(16,749	)		(22,210	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		341,543			540,207
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	1,595,697		$	512,435
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	16,991		$	13,481
Cash paid for income taxes (net of refunds received)		(35	)		4,212

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 2025 and 2024

(UNAUDITED)

(1)	Organization and nature of business

The condensed consolidated financial statements of OSR Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or the “Parent”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”) for the period ended March 31, 2025 were authorized for issuance in accordance with a resolution of the directors meeting on May 7, 2025. The registered office is located at 37-36 Hoedong-gil, Paju-si, Gyeongi-do, Republic of Korea.

The Company is a global life sciences holding company based in South Korea and is actively engaging in drug development, dedicating to advance healthcare outcome and driving social progress. Through open innovation and responsible investment, the Company aims to make a lasting impact across the industry as well as our society. With a strong focus on oncology and immunology, the Company’s mission is to build a robust portfolio of ventures, bringing innovative and transformative therapies to market.

Details of shareholders as of March 31, 2025 are as follows:

Name of Shareholder	Number of ordinary share		Percentage of ownership
Bellevue Global Life Sciences Investors LLC		1,332,500		6.91	%
Bellevue Capital Management Europe AG		8,612,634		44.68	%
Bellevue Capital Management LLC		3,123,970		16.21	%
Duksung Co.,Ltd.		1,420,215		7.37	%
Others		4,787,659		25.68	%
Total		19,276,978		100.00	%

Details of investments in subsidiaries as of March 31, 2025 are as follows:

Name of subsidiary	Share capital		Percentage of ownership			Principal activities	Country of incorporation
VAXIMM AG (“VAXIMM”)		1,091,203,754		100.00	%	Biotech (drug development)	Switzerland
RMC Co., Ltd. (“RMC”)		35,000,000		100.00	%	Medical device distribution	Republic of Korea
Darnatein Co., Ltd. (“Darnatein”)		6,466,667,000		100.00	%	Biotech (drug development)	Republic of Korea
OSR Holdings, Inc.		2,826,969		100.00	%	SPAC	The United States

Key financial information of the subsidiaries at March 31, 2025 are as follows :

Name of subsidiary	Asset		Liability		Equity			Sales		Net Income (loss)
VAXIMM AG	$	910,415	$	386,254	$	524,161		$	-	$	(78,609	)
RMC Co.,Ltd		2,040,181		1,568,695		471,486			761,272		(211,541	)
Darnatein Co.,Ltd		110,171		678,651		(568,481	)		-		(141,742	)
OSR Holdings, Inc.		1,687,119		10,071,814		(8,384,695	)		-		-

Summaries of entities, which are newly included in consolidation scope for the periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

For the year ended March 31, 2025
Name of subsidiary	Reason	Type of purchase consideration
OSR Holdings, Inc.	Acquisition (*1)	Equity swap with shares of the Parent and OSR inc.’s share

(*1)	The Parent acquired subsidiary in February 2025 and accounted for the acquisitions at March 31, 2025, which is deemed the acquisition date.

(2)	Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (US-GAAP) and reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair presentation of the results of the interim periods presented, under the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any subsequent quarter or for the entire year ending December 31, 2024. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the Company’s annual audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes prepared in accordance with US-GAAP have been condensed in, or omitted from, these interim financial statements. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form S-4 filed with the SEC on December 27, 2024.

Principle of consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of OSR Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company consolidates entities in which it has a controlling financial interest based on either the variable interest entity (VIE) or voting interest model. The Company is required to first apply the VIE model to determine whether it holds a variable interest in an entity, and if so, whether the entity is a VIE. If the Company determines it does not hold a variable interest in a VIE, it then applies the voting interest model. Under the voting interest model, the Company consolidates an entity when it holds a majority voting interest in an entity.

The Company accounts for investments in which it has significant influence but not a controlling financial interest using the equity method of accounting.

Use of estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US-GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include allowance for credit losses, valuation of inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, the useful lives of equipment and vehicles, lease liabilities and right-of-use assets, and other contingencies.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Group considers all highly liquid financial instruments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Allowance for credit losses

The Group records an allowance for credit losses (ACL) under Subtopic 326-20 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses – Measured at Amortized Cost for the current expected credit losses inherent in its financial assets measured at amortized cost and contract assets. The ACL is a valuation account deducted from the amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected. The estimate of expected credit losses includes expected recoveries of amounts previously written off as well as amounts expected to be written off.

Accounts receivable

The Group uses an aging schedule to estimate the ACL for trade accounts receivable. This method categorizes trade receivables into different groups based on industry and the number of days past due. Past due status is measured based on the number of days since the payment due date. The trade receivables are evaluated individually for expected credit losses if they no longer share similar risk characteristics. The Group determines that the receivables no longer share similar risk characteristic if they are past due balances over 90 days and over a specified amount. The Group evaluates the collectability of trade accounts receivables with payments that are more than 90 days past due on an individual basis to determine if any are deemed uncollectible. Trade accounts receivable balances are deemed uncollectible and written off as a deduction from the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Amounts collected on trade accounts receivable are included in cash flows from operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value and cost is determined by the first-in, first-out method. Cost comprises of direct materials and delivery costs, direct labor, import duties and other taxes, an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure based on normal operating capacity, and, where applicable, transfers from cash flow hedging reserves in equity. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts received or receivable.

Stock in transit is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost comprises of purchase and delivery costs, net of rebates and discounts received or receivable.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

Equipment and vehicles

Equipment and vehicles are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.

Depreciation of all equipment and vehicles is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost or revalued amounts, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows:

		Estimated useful lives
Vehicle		5 years
Office equipment		5 years
Facility equipment		3 to 13 years

The assets’ depreciation method, residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.

Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination.

The Group accounts for intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (ASC 350). ASC 350 requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives and reviewed for impairment in accordance with accounting standards.

When impairment indicators are identified, the Group compares the reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying amount, including goodwill. An impairment loss is recognized as the difference, if any, between the reporting unit’s carrying amount and its fair value, to the extent the difference does not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually, and more frequently when there is a triggering event. Annually, or when there is a triggering event, the Group first performs a qualitative assessment by evaluating all relevant events and circumstances to determine if it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible assets are impaired; this includes considering any potential effect on significant inputs to determining the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets. When it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, then the Group calculates the fair value of the intangible asset and performs a quantitative impairment test.

Impairment of long--lived assets

Long-lived assets, such as equipment, vehicles and intangible assets subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group to be tested for possible impairment, the Group first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary.

Leases

The Group is a lessee in several noncancellable operating leases, primarily for plants and main offices. The Group does not have a finance lease.

The Group accounts for leases in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases. The Group determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at contract inception. The Group recognizes a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date.

For operating leases, the lease liability is initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. For finance leases, the lease liability is initially measured in the same manner and date as for operating leases and is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective-interest method.

Key estimates and judgments include how the Group determines (1) the discount rate it uses to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value, (2) lease term, and (3) lease payments.

●

Topic 842 requires a lessee to discount its unpaid lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, its incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Group cannot determine the interest rate implicit in the lease because it does not have access to the lessor’s estimated residual value or the amount of the lessor’s deferred initial direct costs. Therefore, the Group generally uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for the lease. The Group’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest it would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. Because the Group does not generally borrow on a collateralized basis, it uses the interest rate it pays on its noncollateralized borrowings as an input to deriving an appropriate incremental borrowing rate, adjusted for the amount of the lease payments, the lease term, and the effect on that rate of designating specific collateral with a value equal to the unpaid lease payments for that lease.

●

The lease term for all of the Group’s leases includes the noncancellable period of the lease plus any additional periods covered by either a Group option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease that the Group is reasonably certain to exercise, or an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease controlled by the lessor.

●

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following:

–

Fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments, owed over the lease term (includes termination penalties the Group would owe if the lease term reflects the Group’s exercise of a termination option);

–

Variable lease payments that depend on an index or rate, initially measured using the index or rate at the lease commencement date;

–

Amounts expected to be payable under a Group-provided residual value guarantee; and

–

The exercise price of a Group option to purchase the underlying asset if the Group is reasonably certain to exercise the option.

The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received.

For operating leases, the ROU asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, plus initial direct costs, plus (minus) any prepaid (accrued) lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

ROU assets are periodically reduced by impairment losses. The Group uses the long-lived assets impairment guidance in ASC Subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant, and Equipment – Overall, to determine whether an ROU asset is impaired, and if so, the amount of the impairment loss to recognize.

The Group monitors for events or changes in circumstances that require a reassessment of one of its leases. When a reassessment results in the remeasurement of a lease liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the corresponding ROU asset unless doing so would reduce the carrying amount of the ROU asset to an amount less than zero. In that case, the amount of the adjustment that would result in a negative ROU asset balance is recorded in profit or loss.

Operating lease ROU assets are presented as operating lease right of use assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The current portion of operating lease liabilities are presented separately on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Group has elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. The Group recognizes the lease payments associated with its short-term leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Foreign currency translation

The Group has operations in South Korea, Switzerland, and Germany. Accounting records in foreign operations are maintained in local currencies and remeasured to the Korean won during the consolidation. Nonmonetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical rates, and monetary assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the end of the year. Income statement accounts are translated at average rates for the year. Gains or losses from remeasurement of foreign currency financial statements into the Korean won are included in current results of comprehensive income.

Revenue recognition

The Group only has revenue from customers. The Group recognizes revenue when it satisfies performance obligations under the terms of its contracts, and control of its products is transferred to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to receive from its customers in exchange for those products. This process involves identifying the customer contract, determining the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract, and recognizing revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered distinct from other obligations in a contract when it (a) provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and (b) is separately identified in the contract. The Group considers a performance obligation satisfied once it has transferred control of a good or product to a customer, meaning the customer has the ability to direct the use and obtain the benefit of the good or product.

Income taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Group recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Valuation allowances are established when management determines it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Group reports income tax-related interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions, if applicable, as a component of income tax expense.

Fair value measurements

The Group utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Group determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. When considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the following fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels:

–

Level 1 inputs: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the reporting entity at the measurement date.

–

Level 2 inputs: Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

–

Level 3 inputs: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at measurement date.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, inventories, prepaid expenses and other current and financial assets, trade and other payable, short-term borrowing, current operating lease liabilities, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximates their fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying amount reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for notes payable to related party may differ from fair value since the interest rate is fixed.

Accounting pronouncements adopted during 2024

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which provides an exception to fair value measurement for contract assets and contract liabilities related to revenue contracts acquired in a business combination. The ASU requires an entity (acquirer) to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606. At the acquisition date, an acquirer should account for the related revenue contracts in accordance with Topic 606 as if it had originated the contracts. The ASU is effective for the Company for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. The ASU is applied to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date. The Group adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2024 and there is no impact on the Group’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting pronouncements issued, but not adopted as of March 31, 2025

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements – Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. The ASU modifies the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification to align with the SEC’s regulations. The ASU also makes those requirements applicable to entities that were not previously subject to the SEC’s requirements. The ASU is effective for the Company two years after the effective date to remove the related disclosure from Regulation S-X or S-K. As of the date these financial statements have been made available for issuance, the SEC has not yet removed any related disclosure. The Group does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-06 to have a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires enhanced disclosure of significant segment expenses on an annual and interim basis. This ASU will be effective for the annual periods beginning the year ended December 31, 2024, and for interim periods beginning January 1, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, this ASU should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Group does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to have a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. This ASU will be effective for the annual periods beginning the year ended December 31, 2026. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, this ASU can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Group is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

(3)	Critical accounting estimates and assumptions

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements requires the Group to make estimates and assumptions concerning the future. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

Income taxes

The Group’s taxable income generated from these operations are subject to income taxes based on tax laws and interpretations of tax authorities in numerous jurisdictions. There are many transactions and calculations during the ordinary course of business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences and the losses can be utilized. Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits, together with future tax planning strategies Business combinations are initially accounted for on a provisional basis.

Business combinations

The fair value of assets acquired, liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed are initially estimated by the Parent taking into consideration all available information at the reporting date. Fair value adjustments on the finalization of the business combination accounting is retrospective, where applicable, to the period the combination occurred and may have an impact on the assets and liabilities, depreciation and amortization reported.

Patent technology

Patent technology is recognized in Intangible assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Group considers both qualitative and quantitative factors when determining whether the patent technology may be impaired. For the purposes of assessing impairment, the Group follows its accounting policy disclosed in Note 2. In assessing whether there is any indication that the patent technology may be impaired, the Group considers, at minimum, the following indications:

External sources of information

●

there are observable indications that the patent technology’s value has declined during the period significantly more than would be expected as a result of the passage of time or normal use.

●

significant changes with an adverse effect on the Group have taken place during the period, or will take place in the near future, in the technological, market, economic or legal environment in which the entity operates or in the market to which an asset is dedicated.

●

market interest rates or other market rates of return on investments have increased during the period, and those increases are likely to affect the discount rate used in calculating an asset’s value in use and decrease the asset’s recoverable amount materially.

●

the carrying amount of the net assets of the entity is more than its market capitalization.

Internal sources of information

●

evidence is available of obsolescence or physical damage of the patent technology.

●

significant changes with an adverse effect on the entity have taken place during the period, or are expected to take place in the near future, in the extent to which, or manner in which, the patent technology is used or is expected to be used. These changes include the patent technology becoming idle, plans to discontinue or restructure the operation to which the patent technology belongs, and plans to dispose of the patent technology before the previously expected date.

●

evidence is available from internal reporting that indicates that the economic performance of the patent technology is, or will be, worse than expected.

(4)	Financial risk management

The Group is exposed to various financial risks such as market risk (exchange risk, interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk due to various activities. The Group’s overall risk management policy focuses on volatility in the financial markets and focuses on minimizing any negative impact on financial performance. Risk management is conducted under the supervision of the finance department according to the policy approved by the Board of Directors. The finance department identifies, evaluates and manages financial risks in close cooperation with the sales departments. The Board of Directors provides written policies on overall risk management principles and specific areas such as foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, use of derivative and non-derivative financial instruments, and investments in excess of liquidity.

Market risk management

Market risk is the risk of possible losses which arise from the changes of market factors, such as interest rate, stock price, foreign exchange rate, commodity value and other market factors related to the fair value or future cash flows of the financial instruments, such as securities, derivatives and others.

Currency risk

The following table sets forth the result of foreign currency translation into Korean won for financial assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency of the Group as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

	March 31, 2025
	USD		EUR			CHF
Assets in foreign currency	$	1,272,464	$	305,601		$	591,247
Liabilities in foreign currency		11,334,006		(172,887	)		(208,705	)

	December 31, 2024
	USD		EUR		CHF
Assets in foreign currency	$	37,902	$	278,766	$	582,222
Liabilities in foreign currency		1,929,368		139,672		160,875

The following table sets forth the impact of strengthening (or weakening) of the Korean won by a hypothetical 10% against each foreign currency on the Group’s after-tax profit (or loss), assuming all other variables remain constant.

	March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
	Rise			Fall			Rise			Fall
USD	$	(1,006,154	)	$	1,006,154		$	(189,147	)	$	189,147
EUR		47,849			(47,849	)		13,909			(13,909	)
CHF		79,995			(79,995	)		42,135			(42,135	)

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk refers to the risk that interest income and interest expenses arising from deposits or borrowings will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates in the future, which mainly arises from deposits and borrowings with floating interest rates. The goal of interest rate risk management is to maximize corporate value by minimizing uncertainty caused by interest rate fluctuations.

As of the end of the reporting period, there are no financial instruments subject to a variable interest rate.

Price risk

Price risk is the risk that the fair value of a financial instrument or future cash flows will change due to changes in market prices other than interest rate or foreign exchange rate. As of the end of the reporting period, the Group is not exposed to commodity price risk. Investments in financial instruments are made on a non-recurring basis according to management’s judgment.

Credit risk management

Credit risk is the risk of possible losses in an asset portfolio in the events of counterparty’s default, breach of contract and deterioration in the credit quality of the counterparty. For the risk management reporting purposes, the Group manages the credit risk systematically and pursues value maximization and continuous growth of the Group by efficient resource allocation and monitoring non-performing loans. In order to reduce the risks that may occur in transactions with financial institutions, such as cash and cash equivalents and various deposits, the Group conducts transactions only with financial institutions with high creditworthiness. As of March 31, 2025, the Group believes that there are low signs of material default, and the maximum exposure to credit risk as of March 31, 2025 is equal to the book value of financial instruments (excluding cash).

Liquidity risk management

The Group constantly monitors its liquidity positions to ensure that no borrowing limits or commitments are breached to meet operating capital needs. In estimating liquidity, we also take into account external laws or legal requirements, such as the group’s financing plan, compliance with agreements, internal target financial ratios and currency restrictions.

The Group’s liquidity risk analysis details as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

	March 31, 2025
					Remaining maturity
	Book Value		Cashflow by contract		Within a year		1 year to 3 years		More than 3 years
Financial liabilities	$	4,710,699	$	4,846,694	$	4,558,520	$	288,173	$
Other Payables		8,023,117		8,023,117		8,023,117		-		-
Lease liabilities		68,359		81,827		46,028		35,800		-
Total	$	12,802,176	$	12,951,639	$	12,627,666	$	323,973	$	-

	December 31, 2024
					Remaining maturity
	Book Value		Cashflow by contract		Within a year		1 year to 3 years		More than 3 years
Borrowings	$	2,297,411	$	2,423,008	$	1,840,406	$	35,048	$	547,555
Other Payables		1,538,643		1,538,643		1,538,643		-		-
Lease liabilities		80,848		93,537		48,980		44,558		-
Total	$	3,916,903	$	4,055,188	$	3,428,028	$	79,605	$	547,555

Capital risk management

Capital includes issued capital, share premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Group. The primary objective of the Group’s capital management is to maximize the shareholder value.

The Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. The Group uses the debt ratio as a capital management indicator. This ratio is calculated by dividing total liabilities by total equity, and total liabilities and total equity are calculated based on the amounts in the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

The group’s debt ratio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Net borrowings (A)
Borrowings	$	4,710,699		$	2,297,411
Lease liabilities		68,359			78,113
Less: cash and cash equivalents		(1,595,697	)		(341,543	)
		3,183,361			2,033,981
Total equity (B)		132,282,477			143,208,215
Debt ratio (A / B)		2.4	%		1.4	%

(5)	Fair value measurements

Book value and fair value of financial instruments

The difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are insignificant.

Fair value hierarchy

All financial assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

●

Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

●

Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

●

Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

Fair values of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, which are accounted as amortized cost, are categorized as Level 3.

Recurring transfer between levels of the fair value hierarchy

There is no transfer of fair value hierarchy among Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(6)

Financial instruments by category

The carrying value of financial instruments category as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

	March 31, 2025
Fianancial assets:	Financial assets at amortized cost		Financial assets at fair value		Financial liabilities at amortized cost		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,595,697	$	-	$	-	$	1,595,697
Trade and other receivables		799,537		-		-		799,537
Other current financial assets		54,552		-		-		54,552
Other non-current financial assets		349,964		-		-		349,964

Fianancial liabilities:
Trade and other payables		-		-		7,296,793		7,296,793
Accrued expenses		-		-		726,325		726,325
Current financial liabilities		-		-		4,457,657		4,457,657
Non-current financial liabilities		-		-		253,042		253,042

	December 31, 2024
Fianancial assets:	Financial assets at amortized cost		Financial assets at fair value		Financial liabilities at amortized cost		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	341,543	$	-	$	-	$	341,543
Trade and other receivables		933,824		-		-		933,824
Other current financial assets		54,422		-		-		54,422
Other non-current financial assets		329,252		-		-		329,252
Fianancial liabilities:
Trade and other payables		-		-		1,078,760		1,078,760
Accrued expenses		-		-		459,883		459,883
Borrowings		-		-		2,297,411		2,297,411

Net gains or losses by financial instrument category for the three-months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	For the three-month ended March 31, 2025			For the three-month ended March 31, 2024
Amortized cost:
Interest income	$	4,318		$	5,526
Foreign exchange gains		491			11,726
Gains on foreign currency translation		18,582			12,619
Interest expense		(16,399	)		(13,545	)
Losses on foreign currrency transaction		(9,274	)		(20,695	)
Losses on foreign currrency translation		(15,507	)		(47,391	)

(7)

Cash and cash equivalents

The Group considers all money market funds and highly liquid financial instruments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

		March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents		$	1,595,697			$	341,543

(8)

Trade and other receivables, net

All trade receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Amounts collected on trade receivables are included in net cash provided by operating activities in the statements of cash flows. The Group does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Trade receivables	$	860,514		$	972,036
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(66,007	)		(67,580	)
Net trade receivables		794,507			904,456
Other receivables		5,029			29,368
Total	$	799,537		$	933,824

(9)

Inventories, net

Inventories consisted of the following as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Merchandised goods	$	764,313		$	949,724
Less inventory reserves		(27,683	)		(27,617	)
	$	736,630		$	922,107

(10)

Other financial assets

Details of other financial assets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Current		Non-current		Current		Non-current
Leasehold guarantee deposits	$	54,552	$	22,053	$	54,422	$	21,669
Other deposits		-		1,091		-		1,088
Loan		-		326,820		-		306,494
Total	$	54,552	$	349,964	$	54,422	$	329,252

(11)

Other assets

Details of other assets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Current		Non-current		Current		Non-current
Prepayments	$	71,800	$	-	$	53,908	$	-
Prepaid expenses		208,619		-		20,646		-
Total	$	280,419	$	-	$	74,555	$	-

(12)

Equity method investment

Details of investment under the equity method are as follows:

				March 31, 2025					December 31, 2024
	Location		Main business	Ownership			Book value		Ownership			Book value
Taction Co., LTD		Korea	Software development		33.3	%	$	-		33.3	%	$	-

The summarized financial information of investment under the equity method as of the closing date and for the current period is as follows:

	As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024
									Comprehensive
	Assets		Liabilities		Revenue		Net loss		loss
Taction Co., LTD	$	97,936	$	32,785	$	-	-₩	74,740	$	-74,740

There is no equity method valuation applied on investments in associate for the three-months ended March 31, 2025 or 2024.

Taction Co., Ltd. was incorporated to engage in software development and IT consulting. As no practical plan to generate revenue and maintain going-concern basis in the foreseeable future was provided, the Parent recognized impairment loss amounting to acquisition cost.

(13)

Equipment and vehicles, net

Equipment and vehicles consist as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Office equipment	$	26,976		$	26,912
Tools and instruments		22,741			22,687
Machinery and equipment		22,304			22,251
Facilities		197,787			210,613
Vehicles		9,397			9,375
		279,206			291,838
Less accumulated depreciation		(278,207	)		(289,504	)
Equipment and vehicles, net	$	999		$	2,334

(14)

Goodwill

Changes of goodwill for the for the three-months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	For the three-months ended March 31, 2025
	Beginning		Business combination		Impairment loss		Effects of changes in exchange rate		Ending
Goodwill	$	24,354,066	$	-	$	-	$	58,124	$	24,412,190

	For the three-months ended March 31, 2024
	Beginning		Business combination		Impairment loss		Effects of changes in exchange rate			Ending
Goodwill	$	27,765,222	$	-	$	-	$	(1,183,341	)	$	26,581,881

(15)

Intangible assets, net

The acquired intangible assets, all of which are being amortized, have an average useful life of approximately 20 years. Intangible assets consist of the following as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

	For the year ended March 31, 2025
	Average useful life		Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net carrying amount
Technology license		20 years	$	98,061	$	78,691	$	19,371
Customer relationship		20 years		580,489		261,220		319,269
Patent technology		20 years		165,207,671		19,387,021		145,820,650
			$	165,886,221	$	19,726,932	$	146,159,289

	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Average useful life		Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net carrying amount
Technology license		20 years	$	97,828	$	78,439	$	19,389
Customer relationship		20 years		579,107		231,643		347,464
Patent technology		20 years		164,814,319		17,124,320		147,690,000
			$	165,491,254	$	17,434,402	$	148,056,852

Accumulated amortization expense for intangible assets is $2,272,817 and $2,896,174 for the three-months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(16)	Short-term borrowings

The Group has a loan agreement with Bellevue Capital Management Europe AG and as of March 31, 2025, the outstanding balance was $860,000 (3.00% interest rate at March 31, 2025), which matures in March 2025.

The Group has multiple loan agreements with an individual and as of March 31, 2025, the outstanding balance was $1,034,657 (0% interest rate at March 31, 2025), which mature various dates in 2025.

The Group has a loan agreement with Dukseong Co.,Ltd and as of March 31, 2025, the outstanding balance was $800,000 (7.00% interest rate at March 31, 2025), which matures in July 2025.

The Group has a loan agreement with BGLSI and as of March 31, 2025, the outstanding balance was $1,628,000 (0% interest rate at March 31, 2025), which matures in July 2025.

The Group has multiple loan agreements with an individual and as of March 31, 2025, the outstanding balance was $135,000 (0% interest rate at March 31, 2025), which mature various dates in 2025.

The Group has a loan agreement with Bellevue Capital Management Europe AG and as of December 31, 2024, the outstanding balance was $600,000 (3.00% interest rate at December 31, 2024), which matures in March 2025.

The Group has a loan agreement with Bellevue Capital Management Europe AG and as of December 31, 2024, the outstanding balance was $260,000 (3.00% interest rate at December 31, 2024), which matures in July 2025.

The Group has a loan agreement with Bellevue Life Sciences Acquisition Corp. and as of December 31, 2024, the outstanding balance was $300,000 (3.96% interest rate at December 31, 2024), which matures in October 2025.

The Group has a loan agreement with an individual and as of December 31, 2024, the outstanding balance was $50,000 (7.00% interest rate at December 31, 2024), which matures in December 2025.

The Group has multiple loan agreements with an individual and as of December 31, 2024, the outstanding balance was $408,163 (0% interest rate at December 31, 2024), which mature various dates in 2025.

(17)	Long-term debt

The Group has long-term debt agreements with individuals and as of March 31, 2025, the total outstanding balance was $253,042 (4.6% interest rate at March 31, 2025), which matures in 2030.

The Group has long-term debt agreements with individuals and as of December 31, 2024, the total outstanding balance was $497,615 (4.6% interest rate at December 31, 2024), which matures in 2030.

(18)	Post-employment benefits

The Group maintains a defined contribution retirement benefit plan for its employees. The Group is obligated to pay fixed contributions to an independent fund, and the amount of future retirement benefits to be paid to employees is determined by the contributions made to the fund, etc., and the investment income generated from those contributions. Plan assets are managed independently from the Group’s assets in a fund managed by a trustee.

Danatein’s pension plan has converted from the DB type to the DC type at the end of March 31, 2017, and is obligated to pay severance payment as DB type which incurred before the March 31, 2017.

Meanwhile, expenses recognized by the Group in relation to the defined contribution retirement benefit plan for the three-months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are $194,659 and $58,442, respectively.

(19)	Related party transactions

As of March 31, 2025, the Group’s related parties are as follows:

Type		Related parties
Ultimate parent entity		Bellevue Capital Management LLC
Major shareholder of the Parent		BCM Europe AG
Subsidiaries		RSM, VAXIMM, Darnatein, OSR Holdings, Inc.
Associates		Taction Co., Ltd.
Other related parties		Bellevue Global Life Sciences Investors LLC

There are no sales and procurement transactions and treasury transactions with related parties for the three-months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The Group acquired Vaximm from BCM Europe AG in December 2022 (Transaction between entities under common control), which is disclosed in detail in Note 27 Business combinations.

Details of receivables and payables from related party transactions as at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

	March 31, 2025
	Related parties	Short-term borrowings
Key management	Individuals	$	641,323
Bellevue Global Life Sciences Acquisition Corp	Other related parties	$	300,716
Bellevue Capital Management Europe AG	Major shareholder of the Parent	$	862,053

	December 31, 2024
	Related parties		Short-term borrowings
Key management	Individuals	$	340,136

Compensations paid or accrued to key management of the Parent for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	For the three-month ended
	March 31, 2025		March 31, 2024
Salaries	$	80,701	$	104,344

The Group’s key management includes registered directors who have important authority and responsibility for planning, operation, and control of the Group’s business activities.

No collateral or guarantee were provided for related parties and were received from related parties as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

(20)	Administrative expenses

Details of administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	For the three months ended March 31, 2025			For the three months ended March 31, 2024
Salary	$	225,182		$	227,999
Retirement payment		197,325			29,221
Employee benefits		12,970			12,349
Travel expenses		6,226			13,379
Entertainment expenses		5,880			8,218
Communication cost		426			609
Tax and due		5,144			7,135
Depreciation cost		378			16,936
Amortization of intangible assets		2,272,817			2,896,174
Rental cost		28,506			4,633
Repair fee		102			72
Insurance cost		3,164			8,180
Vehicle maintenance fee		6,651			3,363
Allowance for expected credit losses		(1,751	)		4,216
Research and development expenses		90,149			46,715
Travel expenses		426			757
Training cost		1,165			-
Publishing fee		15			127
Office supplies fee		71			83
Consumable cost		15,689			6,039
Commisions and professional fee		211,662			251,069
Building management fee		4,314			4,569
Advertising expenses		-			486
Total	$	3,086,512		$	3,542,330

(21)	Income taxes

In assessing the reliability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon these considerations as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had a full valuation allowance for the net deferred tax assets on one of its Asian subsidiaries and certain of its European subsidiaries. Also, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had a partial valuation allowance offsetting certain deferred tax assets of another one of its Asian subsidiaries. Management believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefits of the remaining deductible differences, net of valuation allowances, at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The Company did not have any material uncertain tax positions, which should be recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2025. In addition, the Company did not have any unrecognized tax benefits, which, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate for the nine months then ended.

(22)	Loss per share

Basic loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are calculated as follows:

(The United States Dollar in unit and number of shares)	For the three months ended March 31
	2025			2024
Net loss (A)	$	(11,392,814	)	$	(3,355,366	)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding (B)		10,906,233			5,622,954
Basic loss per ordinary share (A/B)	$	(1.04	)	$	(0.60	)

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are calculated as follows:

	For the three-months ended March 31
(Number of shares)	2025		2024
Ordinary shares outstanding at the beginning		2,155,000		5,622,954
Changes due to business combination		8,751,233		-
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding		10,906,233		5,622,954

The group’s diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share because there is no dilution effect.

(23)

Business combinations

The Parent acquired Darnatein (a novel drug development company) (referred as the “Acquiree” herein) as it executes on its business plan to further expand its business by discovering and investing in innovative healthcare companies with cutting-edge technology and creating operating synergies between subsidiaries. As the Parent and the Acquiree former owners exchanged only equity interests in business combination transactions and the acquisition-date fair value of the Parent’s equity interests could not reliably be measured, the Parent determined the amount of goodwill by using the acquisition-date fair value of the Acquiree equity interests instead of the acquisition-date fair value of the shares transferred.

Vaximm (2022 acquisition) and Darnatein can be reasonably categorized as “(bio)platform companies” which differ from the companies only with drug development pipelines. Bioplatforms can be defined as biotechnologies that, once created and harnessed, allow for the intentional and repeatable generation of multiple medicines or agricultural and sustainability products. Both Vaximm and Darnatein are biotech companies whose drug R&D pipelines are based on their own in-house platform technologies that are protected by either patents or trade secrets. According to the “hub-and-spoke” business model of OSR Holdings, the Parent has assumed the position to either own or control the technology platforms of Vaximm and Darnatein through the Business Combinations, which means that the Parent will be able to launch new services to external clients or create additional drug candidates by a new start-up or Joint Venture with business partners based on their direct ownership or control over the platform technologies acquired from the Business Combinations. Such quality would support the goodwill recognition.

Details of business combinations that occurred for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

For the year ended December 31, 2023

Acquiree

Main business

Acquisition date

Ownership
(%)

Total
consideration

Darnatein

New drug development, etc.

March 31, 2023

100.0

81,436,889

Business combination in 2023 - Darnatein

Details of identifiable assets and liabilities and goodwill, which are recognized as the result of the acquisition of Darnatein completed during the year ended December 31, 2023 are set forth in the table below.

	Darnatein
Fair value of total identifiable assets:
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	68,600
Trade and other receivables		4,338
Current tax assets		285
Non-current assets:
Equipment and vehicles		7,307
Right-of-use assets		73,114
Intangible assets		73,948,145
Non-current financial assets		1,101
		74,102,891
Fair value of total identifiable liabilties:
Current liabilities:
Trade and other payables		70,240
Lease liabilities		33,612
Current other liabilities		6,497
Non-current liabilities:
Severance payment		1,889
Lease liabilities		58,784
Deferred tax liabilities		19,407,543
		19,578,565
Fair value of identifiable net assets		54,524,326
Goodwill		26,912,563
Purchase consideraation transferred (*)	$	81,436,889

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Group’s condensed consolidated statement of operations included $146,757 of operating loss, which included $39,177 of wages and salaries, from Darnatein. The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations assume that the acquisition of Darnatein was completed as of January 1, 2023.

	(Unaudited) three months ended March 31,
	2025			2024
Total operating revenues	$	-		$	-
Net loss attributable to OSR Holdings		(141,742	)		(751,979,471	)

Pro forma data may not be indicative of the results that would have been obtained had these events occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor is it intended to be a projection of future results.

The acquisition-date fair value of Darnatein was measured using the Discount Cash Flow (“DCF”) method and the Risk adjusted Net Present Value (“r-NPV”) method by outside valuation professionals. Key estimations and assumptions used in measuring the fair value of Darnatein are as follows:

●

19.88% of discount rate (Weighted Average Cost of Capital: WACC) used in discounting operating cashflows

●

Patent technology will generate operating revenue for 20 years

(*1)	OSR ordinary shares issued for purchase consideration of $81,436,889 is 590,425 shares at $138 per share. The number of OSR ordinary shares to be issued was determined based on negotiation with former owners of Darnatein.

Patent technology - Darnatein

Details of patent technology recognized from the acquisition of Darnatein that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2023 are set forth in the table below.

		Amount
Patent technology project code:
DRT 101	$	73,513,419

DRT-101 is a synthetic bio-signaling molecule that replaces BMPRII-binding segments of BMP-7, one of the bone-forming proteins, with high affinity ActRII binding segments of Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily along with BMP-7. In nature, endogenous BMP7 promotes chondrogenesis in damaged cartilage tissue by signaling primarily via the type II receptor BMPRII and to a lesser extent via the activin type II receptor ActRII, which it binds with lower affinity. DRT-101 amplifies intracellular regeneration signaling capacity compared to natural BMP-7 and allows for regeneration and restoration of mechanically depleted cartilage cells to normal levels.

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder in the aging population. Although surgical treatment of osteoar-thritis can reduce pain and improve joint mobility and function, the operative management of osteoarthritis is associated with significant cost and morbidity. Unmet medical needs for DRT-101 for Osteoarthritis are enormous specially with aging population. Unique market opportunity of DRT-101 relies on novel Mechanism of Action of DRT-101 that can lead to potential first-in-class DMOAD (Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drug) in the market.

Darnatein is pursuing pre-clinical studies of DRT-101 targeting osteoarthritis and plans to file Investigational New Drug Application (IND) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration by 2025 for Phase 1 clinical trial, with aims of FDA approval by 2032. Darnatein will seek to create cashflow via licensing deals from the preclinical and clinical developments of its pipeline assets.

Net cashflow from the acquisitions for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

		2025
Net cash outflow arising from acquisition of Darnatein:
Cash consideration	$	-
Less: cash and cash equivalent balances acquired		-
	$	-

		2024
Net cash outflow arising from acquisition of VAXIMM and RMC:
Cash consideration	$	-
Less: cash and cash equivalent balances acquired		-
	$	-

(24)

Commitment and contingencies

The Group has no pending litigation cases arising in the ordinary course of business as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Parent has entered into various contractual commitments related to the acquisition of VAXIMM including a future financial obligation of CHF 7,416 underlying as of March 31, 2025. Meanwhile, both parties have agreed to remove section 6.1.3 of the license agreement that states that in the event of the Parent’s sale to a third party, the Licensor shall reimburse the Licensee for reasonable costs and expenses incurred in the preparation, submission, maintenance, prosecution, and enforcement process.

(25)

Segment reporting

The Group operates in one operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The Group’s CODM role is fulfilled by the Executive Leadership Team, who allocates resources and assesses performance based upon consolidated financial information. The geographic segments for the long-lived assets and ROU assets are disclosed below.

There are no external customers that account for more than 10% of sales for the reporting period.

(26)

Subsequent events

The Group has evaluated subsequent events from the balance sheet date through May 7, 2025, the date at which the condensed consolidated financial statements were available to be issued and determined that there are no other items to disclose.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References in this report (the “Quarterly Report”) to “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to by OSR Holdings, Inc. References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those described in our other filings made with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Overview

Prior to our initial Business Combination on February 14, 2025, we were a blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation and formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. We effectuated our initial business combination using cash from the proceeds of our IPO and the Private Placement Units, the proceeds of the sale of our capital stock in connection with our initial business combination, shares issued to the owners of the target, debt issued to banks or other lenders or the owners of the target, or a combination of the foregoing.

Recent Developments

As had been approved at the special meeting of the Company’s stockholders held on November 9, 2023, a Certificate of Amendment to the Company’s Charter to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination from the February 14, 2024 to May 14, 2024 was filed with the Delaware Secretary of State with an effective date of February 9, 2024. The foregoing description of the Charter Amendment is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Charter Amendment, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the February 9, 2024 Form 8-K.

As also previously reported by the Company on Form 8-K dated May 14, 2024, on that date the Company held a special meeting of its stockholders (the “May 14, 2024 Special Meeting”). At the May 14, 2024 Special Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved a proposal to amend to the Company’s Charter to allow the Company to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination from May 14, 2024, to November 14, 2024.

As of the close of business on April 18, 2024, the record date for the Special Meeting, there were 5,622,954 shares of the Company’s common stock (“Common Stock”) issued and outstanding, each of which was entitled to one vote with respect to each of the proposals presented at the Special Meeting. A total of 4,338,495 shares of Common Stock, representing approximately 77.16% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the Special Meeting, were present in person or by proxy, constituting a quorum. The proposals listed below are described in more detail in the Proxy Statement.

Proposal 1 - Extension Amendment Proposal

The stockholders approved the proposal to amend the Charter to allow the Company to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination from May 14, 2024 to November 14, 2024.

Proposal 2 - Adjournment Proposal

The stockholders approved the proposal to approve the adjournment of the Special Meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation and vote of proxies in the event that there are insufficient votes to approve the Extension Amendment Proposal or to establish quorum.

In connection with the votes to approve the Extension Amendment Proposal, 1,581,733 shares of common stock of the Company were tendered for redemption.

In connection with the approval of the extension of the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination from May 14, 2024 to November 14, 2024, BGLSI (or its affiliates or permitted designees) agreed to deposit, by no later than one business day prior to each of May 14, 2024, June 14, 2024, July 15, 2024, August 14, 2024, September 16, 2024, and October 15, 2024 (each date referred to herein as a “Payment Date”), the amount of $50,000 into the trust account (each such deposit, a “Contribution”). Each of the foregoing contribution payments were timely made by the Company.

The Certificate of Amendment to the Charter (the “Charter Amendment”) was filed with the Delaware Secretary of State and has an effective date of May 14, 2024. The foregoing description of the Charter Amendment is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Charter Amendment, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.1 hereto.

As previously reported by the Company on Form 8-K dated November 12, 2024, on that date the Company held an annual meeting of its stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”). At the Annual Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved two proposals to amend the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Charter”). The stockholders approved a proposal to amend the Charter to allow the Company to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination from November 14, 2024 to February 14, 2025 (the “Extension Amendment Proposal”). The stockholders also approved a proposal to amend the Charter to remove the net tangible asset requirement in order to expand the methods that the Company may employ so as not to become subject to the “penny stock” rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “NTA Requirement Amendment Proposal”). The Certificate of Amendment to the Charter (the “Charter Amendment”) was filed with the Delaware Secretary of State and has an effective date of November 12, 2024. The foregoing description of the Charter Amendment is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Charter Amendment, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K dated November 12, 2024 hereto.

As of the close of business on October 17, 2024, the record date for the Annual Meeting, there were 4,041,221 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”), issued and outstanding, each of which was entitled to one vote with respect to each of the proposals presented at the Annual Meeting. A total of 2,878,990 shares of Common Stock, representing approximately 71.24% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting, were present in person or by proxy, constituting a quorum.

Both the Extension Amendment Proposal and the NTA Requirement Amendment were approved by the shareholders.

Additionally, the stockholders duly elected each of the five (5) then existing directors (Kuk Hyoun Hwang, Jun Chul Whang, Jin Whan Park, Phil Geon Lee and Sang Hyun Kim) to the Company’s Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of stockholders following this annual meeting or until each such director’s successor is elected and qualified, subject to his earlier death, resignation or removal.

In connection with the votes to approve the Extension Amendment Proposal and NTA Requirement Amendment Proposal, 1,721,469 shares of common stock of the Company were tendered for redemption.

As previously reported by the Company on Form 8-K dated February 13, 2025, on that date the Company filed an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of the State of Delaware. The terms of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation are described in the proxy statement (the “Proxy Statement”) for the special meeting of stockholders held by the Company on February 13, 2025 (the “Special Meeting”). A copy of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is attached to the Company’s Form 8-K dated February 13, 2025 as Exhibit 3.1.

On February 13, 2025, the Company held the Special Meeting. There were 2,319,752 shares of Company common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Company Common Stock”), outstanding at the close of business on January 27, 2025, the record date for the Special Meeting. At the Special Meeting, the holders of 2,179,383 shares of Company Common Stock, or 93.95% of the voting power of all outstanding Company Common Stock were represented in person or by proxy, which constituted a quorum.

Set forth below are the proposals voted upon at the Special Meeting (each of which is described in the Proxy Statement.

Proposal No. 1 – The Business Combination Proposal

The Shareholders approved the proposal to approve the business combination (the “Business Combination”) reflected by the Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement, dated May 23, 2024, as amended on December 20, 2024 (the “Business Combination Agreement”).

Proposal No. 2 – The Charter Proposal

The Shareholders approved the proposal to approve the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (the “Amended Charter”).

Proposals No. 3A-3F – The Advisory Governance Proposals

The Shareholders approved six separate governance proposals (on a non-binding advisory basis in accordance with the requirements of the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission) relating to material differences between the current certificate of incorporation and the Amended Charter, and the current bylaws of the Company and Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company to be in effect upon completion of the Business Combination. Specifically:

3A:

Name Change – To change the Company name to “OSR Holdings, Inc.”

3B:

Preferred Stock – To increase the number of shares of preferred stock that can be issued from 1,000,000 shares to 20,000,000 shares.

3C:

Increase Vote Required for Removal of Directors – To provide that directors may be removed by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power instead of for cause and by the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the voting power.

3D:

Corporate Opportunity – To eliminate the current limitations on the corporate opportunity doctrine.

3E:

Change in Quorum – To provide that the quorum required for stockholder meetings is the holders of one-third in voting power of then outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote at the meeting instead of the holders of a majority in voting power of then outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote at the meeting.

3F:

Additional Charter Amendments – To approve all other changes including eliminating certain provisions related to special purpose acquisition companies that will no longer be relevant following the closing of the Business Combination.

Proposal No. 4 – The Incentive Plan Proposal

The Shareholders approved the proposal to adopt the new omnibus incentive plan in the form attached as Annex H to the Proxy Statement.

Proposal No. 5 – The Director Election Proposal

The Shareholders approved the proposal to elect nine (9) individuals as directors of the Company following the closing of the Business Combination until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.

Kuk Hyoun Hwang

Jun Chul Whang

Phil Geon Lee

Alcide Barberis

Seng Chin Mah

Jin Whan Park

Sang Hyun Kim

Hyuk Joo Jee

Joong Myung Cho

Proposal No. 6 – The Nasdaq Proposal

The Shareholders approved the proposal to approve, for purposes of complying with the applicable listing rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, the issuance of shares of Company common stock pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement in connection with the Business Combination.

In connection with the votes to approve certain of the above proposals, 57,821 shares of Company Common Stock were tendered for redemption.

On February 13, 2025, the Company issued a press release announcing the results of the Special Meeting. A copy of the press release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s February 13, 2025 Form 8-K filing.

As previously disclosed on the Company’s Current Report filed on Form 8-K on February 21, 2025, on February 14, 2025 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed its previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”) with the Company Co., Ltd., a corporation organized under the laws of the Republic of Korea (“OSR”), pursuant to the Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement, dated as of May 23, 2024, as amended on December 20, 2024 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among the Company, OSR, each stockholder of OSR that executed a Participating Joinder thereto (each such person, a “Participating Stockholder”), and each stockholder of OSR that executed a Non-Participating Joinder thereto (each such person, a “Non-Participating Stockholder”, and together with the Participating Stockholders, the “OSR Stockholders”).

On the Closing Date, the Company issued to the Participating Stockholders an aggregate of 16,282,047 shares of Company common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Company Common Stock”), and the Participating Stockholders transferred their respective shares of OSR’s Series A common stock, with a par value of KRW 5,000 per share (“OSR Common Stock”), to the Company (the “Share Exchange”). Following the consummation of the Business Combination and the Share Exchange (the “Closing”), the Company now owns approximately 67% of the outstanding OSR Common Stock, and OSR Stockholders holding an additional 22% of the outstanding OSR Common Stock will continue to hold their shares of OSR Common Stock subject to the terms of the Non-Participating Joinders which contain put and call rights whereby the Non-Participating Stockholders shall have the right to cause the Company to purchase (the “Put Right”) and the Company shall have the right to cause the Non-Participating Stockholders to sell to the Company or its designee (the “Call Right”) all of the shares of OSR Common Stock owned and held of record by such Non-Participating Stockholder. These rights become exercisable on or after the earlier of (i) January 1, 2026, or (ii) the date that the Non-Participating Stockholder is notified by the Company of a transaction that will result in a change in control (as defined in the Non-Participating Joinder) of the Company (the “Trigger Date”). The Put Right and Call Right terminate and expire 120 days after the Trigger Date. The exchange ratio is fixed under the put/call rights at the same exchange ratio set forth in the Business Combination Agreement, and there is no option for cash settlement. Holders of approximately 11% of the outstanding OSR Common Stock did not sign a Joinder and will continue to hold their shares of OSR Common Stock, and such shares will not be subject to any contractual put or call rights, or other conversion rights, with or into Company Common Stock.

As of the Closing Date, Kuk Hyoun Hwang beneficially held approximately 67.8% of the outstanding shares of the Company Common Stock.

Prior to the Closing Date, the Company entered into participating joinders (the “Participating Joinders”) with the Participating Stockholders, pursuant to which the Company issued an aggregate of 16,282,047 shares of Company Common Stock to the Participating Stockholders in exchange for an aggregate of 1,256,085 shares of OSR Common Stock, or approximately 67% of the outstanding shares of OSR Common Stock. Pursuant to the Participating Joinders, the Participating Stockholders became party to the Business Combination Agreement with all attendant rights, duties and obligations (including in respect of all of the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements and conditions of the Business Combination Agreement), with the same force and effect as if originally named as a “Participating Company Stockholder” in the Business Combination Agreement.

The Participating Joinders contain customary representations, warranties and covenants, and include a general release of all claims against the Company, OSR and each of its and their respective affiliates, successors, assigns, officers, directors, employees, agents, administrators and trustees.

The foregoing summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Form of Participating Joinder, which is filed hereto as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s February 21, 2025 8-K Filing.

Prior to the Closing Date, the Company entered into non-participating joinders (the “Non-Participating Joinders” and, together with the Participating Joinders, the “Joinders”) with the Non-Participating Stockholders, pursuant to which the Non-Participating Stockholders became party to the Business Combination Agreement with all attendant rights, duties and obligations (including in respect of all of the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements and conditions of the Business Combination Agreement), with the same force and effect as if originally named as a “Non-Participating Company Stockholder” in the Business Combination Agreement.

The Non-Participating Joinders contain put and call rights for the Non-Participating Stockholders and the Company, respectively, whereby the Non-Participating Stockholders shall have the Put Right and the Company shall have the Call Right.

The Put Right and Call Right will be exercisable on or after the Trigger Date. The Put Right and Call Right terminate and expire 120 days after the Trigger Date.

The Non-Participating Joinders contain customary representations, warranties and covenants, and include a general release of all claims against the Company, OSR and each of its and their respective affiliates, successors, assigns, officers, directors, employees, agents, administrators and trustees.

The foregoing summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Form of Non-Participating Joinder, which is filed hereto as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s February 21, 2025 8-K Filing.

Additionally, on the Closing Date, the Company entered into Lock-up Agreements (the “Lock-Up Agreements”) with Bellevue Capital Management LLC (“BCM”), BCM Europe AG (“BCME”), Sung Jae Yu, and Sung Hoon Chung (together, the ”Holders”), pursuant to which the Holders are contractually restricted from selling or transferring between 70%-100% of their shares of Company Common Stock received in the Share Exchange (the “Lock-Up Shares”). Such restrictions became applicable commencing from the Closing Date and end (i) with respect to BCM and BCME, on the 36-month anniversary of the Closing Date; and (ii) with respect to Sung Jae Yu and Sung Hoon Chung, on January 1, 2026.

The foregoing summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Form of Lock-Up Agreement, which is filed hereto as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s February 21, 2025 8-K Filing.

As previously disclosed by the Company in its Current Report on Form 8-K filed On February 18, 2025, on February 14, 2025 the Company issued a press release announcing the closing of its previously announced business combination with the Company Co., Ltd., a corporation organized under the laws of the Republic of Korea. A copy of the press release is attached to the Company’s February 18, 2025 Form 10-K filing as Exhibit 99.1 thereto.

As previously reported by the Company on Form 8-K dated October 25, 2024, on that date the Company advanced a loan to OSR in the amount of $300,000 evidenced by a promissory note (the “the Company Promissory Note”) that bears interest at a rate of 3.96% per annum, compound semi-annually, and is due on October 25, 2025. Interest is payable only on maturity. The following events constitute an event of default under the Company Promissory Note: (i) a failure to pay the outstanding balance due within five (5) business days of the Maturity Date and (ii) the commencement of a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy action. The funds were to be used by OSR for working capital and other expenses of OSR.

The Company Promissory Note is filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filing of October 25, 2025. The disclosures set forth herein are intended to be summaries only and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the Company Promissory Note.

Nasdaq Listing Rules Compliance

As previously disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 21, 2024, on February 15, 2024 the Company received a letter (the “Notice”) from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq notifying the Company that the Company no longer met the minimum 300 public holders requirement for The Nasdaq Capital Market pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(3) (the “Minimum Public Holders Requirement”). On April 1, 2024, the Company submitted to Nasdaq a plan to regain compliance with the Minimum Public Holders Requirement and, on April 17, 2024, the staff of Nasdaq approved the plan and granted the Company an extension until August 13, 2024 to demonstrate compliance with the Minimum Public Holders Requirement (the “Compliance Period”).

As previously reported by the Company on Form 8-K dated August 20, 2024, on that date the Company received written notice (the “Second Notice”) from Nasdaq stating that the Company has not regained compliance with the Minimum Public Holders Requirement within the Compliance Period. According to the Second Notice, unless the Company timely requested a hearing before a Hearings Panel (the “Panel”), the Company’s securities would be subject to suspension or delisted from Nasdaq.

As previously reported by the Company on Form 8-K dated October 4, 2024, in accordance with the Second Notice, the Company timely requested a hearing before the Nasdaq Hearings Panel (the “Panel”), which automatically stayed any suspension or delisting action of the Company’s securities, and the hearing was held on October 1, 2024. On October 4, 2024, the Panel granted the Company’s request for continued listing on the Nasdaq, subject to the requirement that on or before February 17, 2025, the Company shall demonstrate compliance with Listing Rule 5505, and that during the exception period, the Company shall provide prompt notification of any significant events that occur during this time that may affect the Company’s compliance with Nasdaq requirements.

On March 7, 2025, the Hearings Advisor from the Nasdaq Office of General Counsel sent a letter to Donohoe Advisory Associates LLC, who have advised the Company on SEC compliance matters, noting that on February 13, 2025, the Company had completed its business combination with the Company Co., Ltd. and finding that “[t]he post transaction entity demonstrated compliance with the requirements for initial listing under Listing Rule 5505 and the securities of OSRH began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market February 18, 2025. ... [a]ccordingly, the Panel has determined to continue the listing of the Company’s securities on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC and is closing this matter.”

Recent Promissory Notes

Note Purchase Agreement

As previously reported by the Company on Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2025, on May 6, 2025, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with White Lion Capital, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund, a Nevada limited liability company (“White Lion”).

Pursuant and subject to the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, White Lion has loaned the Company the principal amount of $1,110,000 at an interest rate of 5% per annum subject to two Convertible Notes maturing on the date occurring Nine (9) months after the closing date of each respective loan. The first Convertible Note in the principal amount of $445,000 shall close on or before one day after the filing of a related registration statement on Form S-1. The second Convertible Note in the amount of $665,000 shall close one day after such registration statement becomes effective.

The Company has agreed to allocate 10% of the proceeds from each purchase notice under the ELOC and/or warrant exercise toward the repayment of the outstanding Convertible Note(s). At any time, White Lion may convert one or both Convertible Notes at 95% multiplied by the lowest Volume Weighted Average Price (“VWAP”) fifteen days prior to the conversion notice. The Company and the Investor have agreed that no more than 4.99% of the shares outstanding will be issued to White Lion.

Result of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2025

The following table presents OSR Holdings’ statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, and percentage change between the two periods:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2025			Change $		Change %
Net Sales:		910,225			761,272			-148,954		-16	%
Cost of Sales		670,424			592,586			-77,838		-12	%
Gross Profit		239,802			168,686			-71,116		-30	%
Expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses		3,542,330			3,086,512			-455,818		-13	%
Operating loss		(3,302,528	)		(2,917,826	)		384,702		-12	%
Other income (expense)		(52,834	)		(8,474,988	)		-8,422,154		15,941	%
Profit (loss) before income taxes		(3,355,362	)		(11,392,814	)		-8,037,452		240	%

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased by $149 thousand, or 16%, compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to the termination of relationship with a key RMC customer Penumbra in late 2024. OSR Holdings expects revenue to decrease in 2025 and possibly longer until RMC can replace the sales of Penumbra’s products by increasing other sales or securing additional products from other manufacturers.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased by $78 thousand, or 12%, from the same period in 2024, in line with lower sales volume for RMC, after the termination of its relationship with Penumbra.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased by $71 thousand, or 30%, from the same period in 2024. Gross margin percentage decreased from 26.3% to 22.2%, primarily due to KRW depreciation that led to higher costs of imported goods for RMC. In the meantime, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of Korea (“HIRA”) will officially increase the reimbursement amount by 2% from April 1, 2025. This is expected to partially offset the impact of unfavorable KRW exchange rates.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

OSR Holding’s SG&A expenses in the three months ended March 31, 2025, consisted mainly of personnel-related expenses, including salaries, retirement payment, benefits, bonus, and travel. Other SG&A expenses included amortization of intangible assets, research and development expenses, professional services fees, such as legal, audit, investor relations and press releases, non-income taxes, insurance costs, and employee recruiting and training costs. SG&A expenses decreased by 13% in the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily attributable to a decrease of approximately $623 thousand in amortization expense, resulting from the change in the useful life of certain intangible assets to align with the useful life of other intangible assets. This benefit was partially offset by an increase in personnel-related expenses.

Research and Development (R&D) Expenses

OSR Holding’s R&D expenses consisted primarily of development costs associated with our product candidates in pre-clinical and clinical trials, and related costs of salaries and contractors. R&D costs are expensed as incurred. OSR Holdings expects to incur and report R&D related expenses mainly from its subsidiaries actively engaged in R&D at an estimated amount of $2.5 million to $3.0 million per quarter beginning from the middle of 2025, which could potentially increase to $5.0 million to $6.0 million per quarter.

Operating Loss

Operating loss was $2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $3.3 million in the same period of 2024. The slight improvement was primarily driven by a reduction in SG&A expenses, largely attributable to lower amortization expenses following a change in the useful lives of certain intangible assets. This benefit was partially offset by an increase in personnel-related expenses.

Other Income (Expense)

Interest income decreased from $5.5 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $4.3 thousand in the same period in 2025, a decrease of 22%. Interest expense increased by $2.9 thousand, or 21%, from $13.5 thousand in the three months ended March 31, 2024, to $16.4 thousand in the same period in 2025, The increase in interest expense was primarily due to the addition of approximately $2.6 million in short-term corporate bonds, which were not outstanding during the same period of the prior year. Other income (gains on foreign currency exchange and foreign currency translation) decreased by $0.3 thousand, from $26.8 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $26.5 thousand for the same period in 2025. Other expenses increased significantly by $8.4 million, from $71.6 thousand to $8.5 million, primarily due to the one-time recognition of approximately $8.5 million in merger-related expenses associated with the business combination that closed on February 14, 2025.

Loss Before Income Taxes

Loss before income taxes increased by approximately $8.0 million from $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $11.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025, reflecting the one-time recognition of $8.5 million in merger-related expenses mentioned above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

From inception through March 31, 2025, OSR Holdings has incurred significant operating losses and negative cash flows from its operations. OSR Holdings’ operating loss was $3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, OSR Holdings had an accumulated deficit of $30.6 million. OSR Holdings has funded its operations primarily through the issuance of common shares and convertible bonds as well as from bank loans, loans from affiliates and, to a lesser extent, from RMC product revenue. OSR Holdings had $1.6 million in cash and cash equivalents on March 31, 2025, which consisted primarily of bank deposits. OSR Holdings has incurred significant expenses in connection with the business combination and the Form S-4, which, together with other expenses, has reduced its available funds for operations, resulting in the need for immediate capital raising. In response, in February 2025, OSR Holdings entered into an equity line of credit agreement with an investor for up to $80 million, through which the Company expects to secure ongoing financing.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2025. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.

Contractual Obligations

We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations, purchase obligations or long-term liabilities, other than an agreement to pay an affiliate of our Sponsor a monthly fee of $7,500, for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. We began incurring these fees on March 1, 2023 and will continue to incur these fees monthly until the earlier of the completion of our initial business combination or our liquidation.

Chardan is entitled to a deferred underwriting commission of $2,070,000. Also, we have incurred deferred legal fees payable upon consummation of our initial business combination of approximately $1.25 million.

The holders of the founder shares, equity participation shares, placement units, and units that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans (and in each case holders of their component securities, as applicable) are entitled to registration rights pursuant to the registration rights agreement. These holders are entitled to make up to two demands, excluding short form registration demands, that we register such securities for sale under the Securities Act. In addition, these holders will have “piggyback” registration rights to include their securities in other registration statements filed by us. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements. Chardan may not exercise its demand and “piggyback” registration rights after five and seven years, respectively, after the date of our prospectus issued in connection with our IPO and may not exercise its demand rights on more than one occasion.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have not identified any critical accounting estimates.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our management carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer and concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2025 because of the identification of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as described below. A material weakness, as defined in the SEC regulations, is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

In light of these material weaknesses, we performed additional analyses as deemed necessary to ensure that our financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, management believes that the financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q present fairly in all material respects our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the period presented.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We currently do not have any claims, lawsuits, or proceedings against us that, individually or in the aggregate, would be considered material to our business or likely to result in a material adverse effect on our future operating results, financial condition, or cash flows. We may from time to time become subject to a range of actual or potential claims, lawsuits and other legal and administrative proceedings that may arise in the ordinary course of business. Some of these claims, lawsuits and other proceedings may range in complexity and result in substantial uncertainty; it is possible that they may result in damages, fines, penalties, non-monetary sanctions, or relief.

In March and May of 2025, Company Management became aware of a civil action filed against the Company by Benjamin Securities, Inc. in Supreme Court, New York County, seeking $425,000.00 in brokerage fees and costs that the plaintiff alleges are due and owing.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the risk factors set forth below and the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on April 17, 2024 (or “2024 Annual Report”), in our prospectus dated February 9, 2023 (“IPO Prospectus”), and in the other reports we file with the SEC before making a decision to invest in our securities. These factors could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and capital position, and could cause our actual results to differ materially from our historical results or the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report or we could face liquidation. In that event, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described in our 2024 Annual Report, IPO Prospectus and other reports we filed with the SEC and below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. Except as disclosed below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors described in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” included in our 2024 Annual Report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Pursuant to the terms of an Equity Line of Credit Agreement comprising a Common Stock Purchase Agreement and a Registration Rights Agreement (taken together, the “ELOC Agreement”) as amended May 6, 2025, the Company may elect, in our sole discretion, to issue and sell to by White Lion Capital LLC dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund (“White Lion”), from time to time, up to $78.9 million worth of shares of Common Stock from after the effective date of a related registration statement until the earlier of December 31, 2026 or the sale of all of such shares to White Lion. Any terms in initial capitals and not otherwise defined herein shall be as defined in the amended Common Stock Purchase Agreement and/or the Registration Rights Agreement.

Pursuant to the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, following the effective date of this resale registration statement registering the shares issuable to White Lion in accordance with the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to require White Lion to purchase, from time to time, up to the lesser of (i) $78,900,000 in aggregate gross purchase price of newly issued shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share and (ii) 3,853,467 shares of Common Stock (the “Exchange Cap”), in each case, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Common Stock Purchase Agreement.

The number of shares of Common Stock that the Company may require White Lion to purchase in any single sales notice will depend on a number of factors, including the relevant calculated purchase price and type of purchase notice that the Company delivers to White Lion. For example: (1) if the Company were to deliver a Rapid Purchase Notice, the Company can require White Lion to purchase a number of shares equal to $2,000,000 divided by the average of the three (3) lowest traded prices of the Common Stock on the Rapid Purchase Notice Date; and (2) if the Company were to deliver a VWAP Purchase Notice, the Company can require White Lion to purchase a number of shares equal to $2,000,000 divided by the product of (i) the lowest daily VWAP of the Common Stock during the VWAP Purchase Valuation Period and (ii) ninety-seven percent (97%).

White Lion’s purchase obligations under a single Rapid Purchase Notice or a single VWAP Purchase Notice shall not exceed $2,000,000, and the maximum amount of shares of Common Stock the Company may require White Lion to purchase under a single VWAP Purchase Notice shall be the lesser of (A) 30% of the Average Daily Trading Volume or (B) $2,000,000 divided by the highest closing price of the Common Stock over the most recent five (5) Business Days immediately preceding White Lion’s receipt of the subject VWAP Purchase Notice.

Additionally, in consideration for White Lion’s commitments under the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to issue to White Lion the number of shares of Common Stock equal to $800,000 divided by the closing price of the Common Stock on the day that is the earlier of (i) the business day prior to effectiveness of this resale registration statement registering the shares issuable under the Common Stock Purchase Agreement and (ii) the business day prior to the date that White Lion requests the issuance of such shares (such shares, the “Commitment Shares”).

Accordingly, the actual number of shares of our Common Stock issuable will vary depending on the then-current market price of shares of Common Stock sold to White Lion under the ELOC Agreement, but will not exceed the number set forth in the preceding paragraphs unless we file an additional registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). See “Prospectus Summary—Post IPO Financing—Equity Line of Credit Agreement” and “ELOC Financing” for a description of the ELOC Agreement and “Selling Stockholder” for additional information regarding White Lion.

Warrants

Pursuant and subject to the terms of the ELOC Agreement and as further subject to the terms of a Common Stock Purchase Warrant dated May 6, 2025 between the Company and White Lion (“Warrant”), White Lion has the right, but not the obligation, at any time for a period of five years following the Warrant’s execution date, to subscribe for and purchase from the Company up to $4,000,000 worth, or the Available Share Amount (as defined in the Warrant and subject to adjustment thereunder), of Common Stock (the “Warrant Shares”). The initial purchase price of one share of Common Stock under the Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, which shall be $1.584 or as otherwise defined therein pursuant to any applicable adjustments to the same.

Convertible Note

Pursuant and subject to the terms of a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement and executed on May 6, 2025 between the Company and White Lion (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) and related convertible promissory notes (“Convertible Notes”), White Lion has agreed to loan the Company the principal amount of $1,110,000 at an interest rate of 5% per annum subject to two Convertible Notes maturing on the date occurring Nine (9) months after the closing date of each respective loan. The first Convertible Note in the principal amount of $445,000 shall close on or before one day after the filing of a related registration statement. The second Convertible Note in the principal amount of $665,000 shall close one day after the applicable registration statement becomes effective.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are being filed herewith, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K:

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.		Description
10.1		Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2025, between OSR Holdings, Inc. and White Lion Capital, LLC.
10.2		Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Note, issued May 6, 2025, by OSR Holdings, Inc. to White Lion Capital LLC.
10.3		Common Stock Purchase Warrant, issued May 6, 2025, by OSR Holdings, Inc to White Lion Capital, LLC.
10.4		Amendment No. 1 to Common Stock Purchase Agreement, between OSR Holdings, Inc. and White Lion Capital LLC.
31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 *
31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 *
32.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **
32.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Dated: May 20, 2025

OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

By:	/s/ Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Name:	Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer

By:	/s/ Gihyoun Bang
	Name:	Gihyoun Bang
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer

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EX-10.1 2 ea024239301ex10-1_osrhold.htm NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT, DATED AS OF MAY 6, 2025, BETWEEN OSR HOLDINGS, INC. AND WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC

Exhibit 10.1

NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT

THIS NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of May 6, 2025 (the “Execution Date”), is entered into by and between OSR HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund, a Nevada limited liability company (the “Buyer”). Each capitalized term used herein shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 10 below, or as otherwise defined herein.

WHEREAS, the Company and the Buyer are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon an exemption from securities registration afforded by the rules and regulations as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”); and

WHEREAS, the Buyer desires to purchase and the Company desires to issue and sell, upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement senior secured convertible promissory notes of the Company, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, in an aggregate funded amount of $1,000,000 as set forth on the Issuance Schedule attached hereto (such notes, together with any note(s) issued in replacement thereof or as a dividend thereon or otherwise with respect thereto in accordance with the terms thereof, the “Notes”), convertible into shares (the “Conversion Shares”) of common stock,

$0.0001 par value per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock”), pursuant to the terms of the Note; and

WHEREAS, as an inducement to enter into this Agreement, the Company has agreed to amend that certain Common Stock Purchase Agreement by and between the Company and Buyer, dated February 25, 2025 (the “ELOC Agreement”), as pursuant to that amendment in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “ELOC Amendment”).

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Buyer hereby agree as follows:

PURCHASE AND SALE OF SECURITIES.

(a)

Closings.

(i)

On the First Closing Date (as defined below), the Company shall sell and issue to the Buyer and the Buyer shall purchase a Note in such principal amount, and for such funding price, set forth on the Issuance Schedule under “First Closing” (the “First Closing”), which such funding amount shall be $400,000 for the First Closing (the “First Funding Amount”). The date on which Buyer funds such Note shall be the “First Funding Date.”

(ii)

On the Second Closing Date (as defined below), the Company shall sell and issue to the Buyer and the Buyer shall purchase a Note in such principal amount, and for such funding price, set forth on the Issuance Schedule under “Second Closing” (the “Second Closing”), which such funding amount shall be $600,000 for the Second Closing (the “Second Funding Amount”). The date on which Buyer funds such Note shall be the “Second Funding Date.” Each of the First Closing and Second Closing shall be referred to herein as a “Closing.” Each of the First Funding Date and Second Funding Date shall be referred to herein as a “Funding Date.” Each of the First Funding Amount and Second Funding Amount shall be referred to herein as a “Funding Amount.”

(b)

Closing Dates.

(i)

Subject to the satisfaction (or written waiver) of the conditions set forth in Section 7 and Section 8 below, the date of the purchase, issuance and sale of the Note constituting the First Closing pursuant to this Agreement (the “First Closing Date”) shall be within one (1) Trading Day after the date of the Company’s filing of the Registration Statement (as described and defined under Section 5(e) below).

(ii)

Subject to the satisfaction (or written waiver) of the conditions set forth in Section 7 and Section 8 below, the date of the purchase, issuance and sale of the Note constituting the Second Closing pursuant to this Agreement (the “Second Closing Date”) shall be within one (1) Trading Day after the date that the Registration Statement is approved as effective by the SEC.

(c)

Form of Payment. On a Funding Date, the Buyer shall deliver the Funding Amount by wire transfer of immediately available funds, in accordance with the Company’s written wiring instructions.

(d)

ELOC Amendment. At the First Closing, the Company shall deliver the to the Buyer an executed copy of the ELOC Amendment and all of the ancillary documents contemplated by the ELOC Amendment.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE BUYER. The Buyer represents and warrants to the Company that:

(a)

Investment Purpose. As of the Execution Date, the Buyer is purchasing the Securities for its own account for investment only and not with a view towards the public sale or distribution thereof, except pursuant to sales registered or exempted from registration under the Securities Act; provided, however, that by making the foregoing representation and warranty, the Buyer does not agree to hold any of the Securities for any minimum or other specific term and reserves the right to dispose of all or any portion of the Securities at any time in accordance with or pursuant to a registration statement or an exemption under the Securities Act.

(b)

Reliance on Exemptions. The Buyer understands that the Securities are being offered and sold to it in reliance upon specific exemptions from the registration requirements of United States federal and state securities laws and that the Company is relying upon the truth and accuracy of, and the Buyer’s compliance with, the representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgments and understandings of the Buyer set forth herein in order to determine the availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of the Buyer to acquire the Securities.

(c)

Information. The Buyer and its advisors, if any, have been furnished with all materials relating to the business, finances and operations of the Company and materials relating to the offer and sale of the Securities which have been requested by the Buyer or its advisors. The Buyer and its advisors, if any, have been afforded the opportunity to ask questions of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company has not disclosed to the Buyer any material non-public information and will not disclose such information unless such information is disclosed to the public prior to or promptly following such disclosure to the Buyer. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigation conducted by Buyer or any of its advisors or representatives shall modify, amend or affect Buyer’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in Section 3 below.

(d)

Authorization; Enforcement. This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized by the Buyer. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered on behalf of the Buyer, and this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Buyer enforceable in accordance with its terms.

(e)

Accredited Investor Status. The Buyer is (i) an “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Act by reason of Rule 501(a)(3) (an “Accredited Investor”), (ii) experienced in making investments of the kind described in this Agreement and the related documents, (iii) able, by reason of the business and financial experience of its officers (if an entity) and professional advisors (who are not affiliated with or compensated in any way by the Company or any of its Affiliates or selling agents), to protect its own interests in connection with the transactions described in this Agreement, and the related documents, and (iv) able to afford the entire loss of its investment in the Securities.

(f)

General Solicitation. The Buyer is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio or presented at any seminar or any other general solicitation or general advertisement.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. The Company represents and warrants to the Buyer that as of the Execution Date and as of each Closing Date and as of each Funding Date (or as of such other time expressly specified below):

(a)

Corporate Governance Compliance:

(i) Issuance of Note and Conversion Shares. Each Note has been duly authorized and is being validly issued to the Buyer. The Conversion Shares have been duly authorized and fully reserved for issuance and, upon conversion of the Note in accordance with its terms, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and free from all taxes, liens, claims and encumbrances with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. The Conversion Shares shall not be subject to pre-emptive rights or other similar rights of stockholders of the Company (except to the extent already waived) and will not impose personal liability upon the holder thereof, other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents and under the Securities Act.

(ii) Organization and Qualification. The Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with the requisite corporate power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, and, to the extent any Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary as defined below, such Subsidiary is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite corporate power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Each of the Company and the Material Subsidiaries is not in violation or default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and its Material Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.

(iii) Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no further consent or authorization of the Company or its Board of Directors or stockholders is required. Each of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors’ rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application.

(iv) Capitalization. As of the Execution Date, the authorized capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the SEC Documents (as defined below). The Company has filed in its SEC Documents true and correct copies of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation as in effect on the Execution Date, the Company’s bylaws, as in effect on the Execution Date, and the terms of all securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock of the Company and the material rights of the holders thereof in respect thereto.

(v) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance and reservation for issuance of the Conversion Shares) will not (a) result in a violation of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, by- laws or other organizational or charter documents, (b) conflict with, or constitute a material default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a material default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture, instrument or any “lock-up” or similar provision of any underwriting or similar agreement to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party, or (c) result in a violation of any federal, state or local law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws and regulations) applicable to the Company or any Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected (except for such conflicts, defaults, terminations, amendments, accelerations, cancellations and violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect), nor is the Company otherwise in violation of, conflict with or in default under any of the foregoing. The business of the Company is not being conducted in violation of any law, ordinance or regulation of any governmental entity, except for possible violations that either singly or in the aggregate do not and will not have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company is not required under federal, state or local law, rule or regulation to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency in order for it to issue the Conversion Shares or to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents (other than any SEC, FINRA or state securities filings that may be required to be made by the Company subsequent to Closing).

(b)

SEC and Offering Compliance:

(i) SEC Documents. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act for the Company to be deemed fully “fully reporting” and “current” and in compliance with the periodic and current reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, and in compliance with the Rule 144(c)(1) under the Securities Act (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Documents”). The SEC Documents comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and other federal laws, rules and regulations applicable to such SEC Documents, and none of the SEC Documents contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

(ii) Financial Statements. The financial statements of the Company included in its SEC Documents (the “Financial Statements”) comply as to form and substance in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC as well as other applicable rules and regulations with respect thereto. Such Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except (a) as may be otherwise indicated in such Financial Statements or the notes thereto or (b) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may not include footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments). The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls appropriate for its size. There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that is not disclosed by the Company in its Financial Statements or otherwise that would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Buyer or its agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information. The Company understands and confirms that the Buyer will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.

(iii) Acknowledgment Regarding Buyer’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Buyer is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and that the Buyer is neither (i) an officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor (ii) an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. The Company further acknowledges that the Buyer is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and any advice given by a Buyer or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Buyer’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Buyer that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives.

(iv) No Integrated Offering. Neither the Company, nor any person acting on its or their behalf, has directly or indirectly made any offers or sales in any security or solicited any offers to buy any security under circumstances that would require registration under the Securities Act of the issuance of the Securities to the Buyer. The issuance of the Securities to the Buyer will not be integrated with any other issuance of the Company’s securities (past, current or future) for purposes of any stockholder approval provisions applicable to the Company or its securities.

(v) Brokers. No broker is entitled to a commission payable by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by this transaction and the Company has taken no action which would give rise to any claim by any person for brokerage commissions, transaction fees or similar payments relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. Any all fees due to any brokers shall be paid and satisfied by the Company at the Closing.

(vi) Disclosure. All information relating to or concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries set forth in this Agreement and provided to the Buyer pursuant in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby is true and correct in all material respects and the Company has not omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made herein or therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No event or circumstance has occurred or exists with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or its or their business, properties, prospects, operations or financial conditions, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed (assuming for this purpose that the Company’s reports filed under the Exchange Act are being incorporated into a qualified filing pursuant to Regulation of the Securities Act, by the Company under the Securities Act).

(vii) No Disqualification Events. With respect to Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506 under the Securities Act (“Regulation D Securities”), none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “bad actor” disqualifying events described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i)(viii) under the Securities Act (each, a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Buyers a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.

(viii) Other Covered Persons. The Company is not aware of any Person (other than any Issuer Covered Person) that has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration for solicitation of buyers or potential purchasers in connection with the sale of any Regulation D Securities.

(ix) No General Solicitation; Placement Agent. Neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged any placement agent in connection with the sale of the Securities. In the event that a broker-dealer or other agent or advisory is engaged by the Company subsequent to the Closing, the Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or brokers’ commissions (other than for persons engaged by any Buyer or its investment advisor) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby in connection with the sale of the Securities. The Company shall pay, and hold the Buyer harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, attorney’s fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such claim.

(x) Investment Company Status. The Company is not, and upon consummation of the sale of the Securities will not be, an “investment company,” a company controlled by an “investment company” or an “affiliated person” of, or “promoter” or “principal underwriter” for, an “investment company” as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

(xi) Transfer Taxes. On the Closing Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income or similar taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the sale and transfer of the Securities to be sold to the Buyer hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company, and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been complied with.

(xii) Compliance with Rule 15c2-11. On the Closing Date, and at all times that any of the Securities remain outstanding, the Company shall maintain as publicly available all information required by paragraph (b) of Rule 15c2-11 of the Exchange Act (as effective on September 26, 2021), as amended, such that brokers or dealers attempting to publish any quotation for the Common Stock or, directly or indirectly, to submit any such quotation for publication, shall be able to comply with Rule 15c2- 11(a).

(c)

Operations Related:

(i) Absence of Certain Changes. No event has occurred that would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any Subsidiary that has not been disclosed in the SEC Documents.

(ii) Absence of Litigation. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, there are no actions, suits, investigations, inquiries or proceedings pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties, nor has the Company received any written or oral notice of any such action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, which would have a Material Adverse Effect or would require disclosure under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. No judgment, order, writ, injunction or decree or award has been issued by or, to the Knowledge of the Company, requested of any court, arbitrator or governmental agency which would have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents there has not been, and to the Knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the SEC involving the Company, any Subsidiary or any current or former director or officer of the Company or any Subsidiary.

(iii) Patents, Copyrights, etc. The Company and the Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights or licenses to use all material trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and rights necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted (“Intellectual Property”). None of the Company’s nor any Subsidiary’s Intellectual Property rights have expired or terminated, or, by the terms and conditions thereof, could expire or terminate within two years from the Execution Date other than by default under agreements that grant such rights. The Company does not have any Knowledge of any infringement by the Company and/or any Subsidiary of any material trademark, trade name rights, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, service names, service marks, service mark registrations, trade secret or other similar rights of others, or of any such development of similar or identical trade secrets or technical information by others, and there is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought against, or to the Company’s Knowledge, being threatened against, the Company and/or any Subsidiary regarding trademark, trade name, patents, patent rights, invention, copyright, license, service names, service marks, service mark registrations, trade secret or other infringement, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(iv) Tax Status. The Company and each of its Material Subsidiaries has made or filed all federal and material state and foreign income and all other material tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject (unless and only to the extent that the Company and each of its Material Subsidiaries has set aside on its books provisions reasonably adequate for the payment of all unpaid and unreported taxes) and has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith and has set aside on its books provisions reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company know of no basis for any such claim. The Company has not executed a waiver with respect to the statute of limitations relating to the assessment or collection of any foreign, federal, state or local tax. None of the Company’s tax returns is presently being audited by any taxing authority.

(v) Certain Transactions. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary, and to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner, in each case in excess of the lesser of (i) $120,000 or (ii) one percent of the average of the Company’s total assets at year end for the last two completed fiscal years, other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.

(vi) Permits; Compliance. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in possession of all franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits, easements, variances, exemptions, consents, certificates, approvals and orders necessary to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted (collectively, the “Company Permits”), and there is no action pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened regarding suspension or cancellation of any of the Company Permits. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in conflict with, or in default or violation of, any of the Company Permits, except for any such conflicts, defaults or violations which, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notification with respect to possible conflicts, defaults or violations of applicable laws, except for notices relating to possible conflicts, defaults or violations, which conflicts, defaults or violations would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

(vii) Environmental Matters. The Company is in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws in all respects except where the failure to comply does not have and could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of the foregoing: “Environmental Laws” means, collectively, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended, the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, as amended, the Clean Air Act, as amended, the Clean Water Act, as amended, any other “Superfund” or “Superlien” law or any other applicable federal, state or local statute, law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, order or decree regulating, relating to, or imposing liability or standards of conduct concerning, the environment or any Hazardous Material.

(viii) Title to Property. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, the Company and each Subsidiary has good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by it and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by it that is material to the business of the Company and each Subsidiary, in each case free and clear of all Liens and, except for Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or any Subsidiary and Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company or any Subsidiary is held under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company is in compliance with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company or any Subsidiary.

(ix) Internal Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents the Company and each of its Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient, in the judgment of the Company’s board of directors, to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company is in compliance with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, which are applicable to it.

(x) Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any director, officer, agent, employee or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary has, in the course of his actions for, or on behalf of, the Company, used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; violated or is in violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee.

(xi) Insurance. The Company and each Material Subsidiary is insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as management of the Company believes to be prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and each Material Subsidiary is engaged. Neither the Company, nor any Material Subsidiary has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for, and the Company has no reason to believe that it or any Material Subsidiary will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not materially and adversely affect the condition, financial or otherwise, or the earnings, business or operations of the Company, taken as a whole.

(xii) No Undisclosed Events, Liabilities, Developments or Circumstances. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, the Company and its Subsidiaries have no liabilities or obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent, unasserted or otherwise and whether due or to become due) other than those liabilities or obligations that are disclosed in the Financial Statements or which do not exceed, individually in excess of $50,000 and in the aggregate in excess of $200,000. The reserves, if any, established by the Company or the lack of reserves, if applicable, are reasonable based upon facts and circumstances known by the Company on the Execution Date and there are no loss contingencies that are required to be accrued by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 5 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board which are not provided for in the Financial Statements.

(xiii) Management. During the past five year period, no current or former officer or director or, to the Knowledge of the Company, stockholder of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been the subject of any matter that would require disclosure under Paragraph (f) of Rule 401 of Regulation S-K that has not been publicly disclosed.

(xiv) Assets; Title. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has good and valid title to, or a valid leasehold interest in, as applicable, all of its properties and assets, free and clear of all Liens except (i) any Lien for taxes not yet due or delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, (ii) any statutory Lien arising in the ordinary course of business by operation of law with respect to a liability that is not yet due or delinquent, (iii) any Lien created by operation of law, such as materialmen’s liens, mechanics’ liens and other similar liens, arising in the ordinary course of business with respect to a liability that is not yet due or delinquent or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, and (iv) such as have been disposed of in the ordinary course of business. To the Company’s Knowledge, all tangible personal property owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries has been maintained in good operating condition and repair, except (x) for ordinary wear and tear, and (y) where such failure would not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the Company’s Knowledge, all assets leased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are in the condition required by the terms of the lease applicable thereto during the term of such lease and upon the expiration thereof. To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property and good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them which is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its Subsidiaries.

(xv) Subsidiary Rights. The Company or one of its Subsidiaries has the unrestricted right to vote, and to receive dividends and distributions on, all equity securities of its Subsidiaries as owned by the Company or such Subsidiary.

(xvi) Books and Records. To the Company’s Knowledge, the books of account, ledgers, order books, records and documents of the Company and its Subsidiaries accurately and completely reflect all information relating to the respective businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries, the nature, acquisition, maintenance, location and collection of each of their respective assets, and the nature of all transactions giving rise to material obligations or accounts receivable of the Company or its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, except where the failure to so reflect such information would not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the Company’s Knowledge, the minute books of the Company and its Subsidiaries contain accurate records in all material respects of all meetings and accurately reflect all other actions taken by the stockholders, boards of directors and all committees of the boards of directors, and other governing Persons of the Company and its Subsidiaries, respectively.

(xvii) Money Laundering. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with, and have not previously violated, the USA PATRIOT ACT of 2001 and all other applicable U.S. and non-U.S. anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws, regulations and Executive Orders and sanctions programs administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control, including, but not limited, to (i) Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001 entitled, “Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism” (66 Fed. Reg. 49079 (2001)); and (ii) any regulations contained in 31 CFR, Subtitle B, Chapter V.

(d)

General

(i) Acknowledgment of Dilution. The Company understands and acknowledges the potentially dilutive effect to the Common Stock upon the issuance of the Conversion Shares upon conversion of the Note. The Company further acknowledges that its obligation to issue Conversion Shares upon conversion of the Note is absolute and unconditional regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuances may have on the ownership interests of other stockholders of the Company.

(ii) Breach of Representations and Warranties by the Company. If the Company breaches any of the representations or warranties set forth in this Section 3, and in addition to any other remedies available to the Buyer pursuant to this Agreement, it will be considered an “Event of Default” as defined under each Note.

(iii) Absence of Schedules. In the event that at the Closing Date, the Company does not deliver and attach hereto any disclosure schedule contemplated by this Agreement, the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that (i) each such undelivered disclosure schedule shall be deemed to read as follows: “Nothing to Disclose”, and (ii) the Buyer has not otherwise waived delivery of such disclosure schedule.

GENERAL COVENANTS.

(a)

Best Efforts. The parties shall use their commercially reasonable best efforts to satisfy timely each of the conditions described in Section 7 and 8 of this Agreement.

(b)

Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the proceeds from the sale of the Notes for general corporate purposes.

(c)

Financial Information. The Company agrees to send or make available the following reports to the Buyer until the Buyer transfers, assigns, or sells all of the Securities: (i) within ten (10) days after the filing with the SEC, a copy of its Annual Report on Form 10-K, its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and any Current Reports on Form 8-K; (ii) within five (5) days after upload or filing, any filings made in the SEC Documents, (iii) within one (1) day after release, copies of all press releases issued by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to the transactions contemplated hereby; and (iv) contemporaneously with the making available or giving to the stockholders of the Company, copies of any notices or other information the Company makes available or gives to such stockholders. For the avoidance of doubt, filing the documents required in (i) above via EDGAR or releasing any documents set forth in (ii) above via a recognized wire service shall satisfy the delivery requirements of this Section 4(c).

(d)

Listing. The Company shall work in good faith to secure the listing of the Conversion Shares upon each national securities exchange or automated quotation system, if any, upon which shares of Common Stock are then listed (subject to official notice of issuance) and, so long as the Buyer owns any of the Securities, shall maintain, so long as any other shares of Common Stock shall be so listed, such listing of all Conversion Shares from time to time issuable upon exercise of the Note. The Company will obtain and, so long as the Buyer owns any of the Securities, maintain the listing and trading of its Common Stock on the Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and such exchanges, as applicable.

(e)

Corporate Existence. So long as the Buyer beneficially owns any of the Securities, the Company shall maintain its corporate existence and shall not sell all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, except in the event of a merger or consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, where the surviving or successor entity in such transaction (i) assumes the Company’s obligations hereunder and under the agreements and instruments entered into in connection herewith and (ii) is a publicly traded corporation whose Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the Trading Market.

(f)

No Integration; Other Investors. The Company shall not make any offers or sales of any security (other than the Securities) under circumstances that would require registration of the Securities being offered or sold hereunder under the Securities Act or cause the offering of the Securities to be integrated with any other offering of securities by the Company for the purpose of any stockholder approval provision applicable to the Company or its securities.

(g)

Failure to Comply with the Exchange Act. So long as the Buyer beneficially owns any of the Securities, the Company shall comply with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act; and the Company be subject to the periodic reporting and other reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.

(h)

Breach of Covenants. If the Company breaches any of the covenants set forth in this Section 4, then in addition to any other remedies available to the Buyer pursuant to this Agreement, each such breach will be considered an “Event of Default” as defined under the Note.

(i)

Reservation of Shares. The Company covenants that while the Note remains outstanding, the Company will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock, five times (5x) the number of shares of Common Stock, free from pre-emptive rights, that would be issuable upon full, unconditioned conversion of the Note calculated on the basis of the conversion price in effect as the Closing Date, which such reserved amounts shall be increased by the Company, or upon the written demand of the Buyer, from time to time. In addition to all other rights in this Agreement and the Notes, in the event that on any date (the “Reserve Depletion Date”) the Company does not have available enough authorized shares of Common Stock to satisfy any conversion request regarding the Note, the Company shall first convert as much as would be permitted based on the number of authorized and available shares of Common Stock and then repay all remaining outstanding amounts owed under the Note in full within thirty (30) days of the Reserve Depletion Date at the election of the Buyer.

(j)

Indemnification. Each party hereto (an “Indemnifying Party”) agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the other party along with its officers, directors, employees, and authorized agents, and each Person or entity, if any, who controls such party within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder (an “Indemnified Party”) from and against any Damages, joint or several, and any action in respect thereof to which the Indemnified Party becomes subject to, resulting from, arising out of or relating to any misrepresentation, breach of warranty or nonfulfillment of or failure to perform any covenant or agreement on the part of the Indemnifying Party contained in this Agreement.

SPECIAL COVENANTS

(a)

Piggyback Registration Rights. The Company shall include on any registration and/or offering statement filed with the SEC, including without limitation on any offering statement on Form 1-A, all Conversion Shares for resale by the Buyer. In addition to all other remedies at law or in equity or otherwise under this Agreement or other Transaction Documents, failure to do so will result in liquidated damages of $400,000.00 pursuant to this Section 5(a), being immediately due and payable to the Buyer at its election in the form of cash payment.

(b)

Repayment from Proceeds. While any portion of any Note is outstanding, if the Company receives cash proceeds from the issuance of securities pursuant the ELOC Agreement, or pursuant to the exercise of any purchase under the Warrant, the Buyer shall have the right in its sole discretion to require the Company to immediately apply up to 10% of such proceeds to repay all or any portion of the outstanding amounts owed under the Note.

(c)

Compliance with Rule 15c2-11. The Company take all actions to maintain as publicly available all information required by paragraph (b) of Rule 15c2-11 of the Exchange Act (as effective on September 26, 2021), as amended, such that brokers or dealers attempting to publish any quotation for the Common Stock or, directly or indirectly, to submit any such quotation for publication, shall be able to comply with Rule 15c2-11(a).

(d)

Audit. The Company shall maintain an engagement with a PCAOB registered accounting firm at all times the Securities are outstanding.

(e)

Registration Rights. The Company shall file with the SEC, within thirty (30) days from the Execution Date, a registration statement on Form S-1 covering the offering and resale of the Securities (the “Registration Statement”). The Registration Statement shall relate to the transactions contemplated by, and describing the material terms and conditions of, this Agreement, and disclosing all information relating to the transactions contemplated hereby required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement and the related prospectus, including, without limitation, information required to be disclosed in the section captioned “Plan of Distribution” in the Registration Statement. The Company shall use its best efforts to permit the Buyer to review and comment upon the Registration Statement within a reasonable time prior to their filing with the SEC, and the Company shall give reasonable consideration to all such comments. The Buyer shall also furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Company’s securities beneficially owned by the Buyer, and the intended method of distribution thereof, including any arrangement between the Buyer and any other person or relating to the sale or distribution of the Company’s securities, as shall be reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of a Current Report and the Registration Statement, and shall otherwise cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of a Current Report and the Registration Statement with the SEC. At the time of the filing of the Registration Statement, the Company shall have no knowledge of any untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) of a material fact in the Registration Statement (as supplemented by the Registration Statement) or omission (or alleged omission) of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and there shall be no such untrue statement of material fact or omission in any effective registration statement filed or any post-effective amendment or prospectus which is a part of the foregoing. The Company shall promptly give the Buyer notice of any event (including the passage of time) which makes the aforementioned prospectus not to be in compliance with Section 5(b) or 10 of the Securities Act and shall use its best efforts thereafter to file with the SEC any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, or amended prospectus in order to comply with Section 5(b) or 10 of the Securities Act.

(f)

Stockholder Approval. The Company will take all actions necessary, including without limitation the filing of a proposal in a proxy statement, to obtain Stockholder Approval, which shall expressly allow for issuances of all Securities hereunder and under the ELOC Agreement and Warrant. In the event that such Stockholder Approval is not obtained by the June 30, 2025, such failure will result in liquidated damages of $400,000.00 being immediately due and payable to the Buyer at its election in the form of cash payment. “Stockholder Approval” means the approval of the holders of a majority of the Company’s outstanding voting Common Stock that are present or represented by proxy at a meeting, to effectuate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the issuance of all of the Securities in excess the Exchange Cap, subject to appropriate adjustment for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, rights offerings, reclassification or similar transaction that proportionately decreases or increases the Common Stock. “Exchange Cap” means that threshold amount of shares that the Company cannot issue to the Buyer related to this Agreement, and any other agreements with the Buyer, without first obtaining the approval of the Company’s stockholders in compliance with the rules of the Trading Market. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall obtain Stockholder Approval regarding the issuance to the Buyer of 20% or more of its outstanding shares of Common Stock as required by the NASDAQ stock market rules regarding the shares of Common Stock issuable under the Note, ELOC Agreement and the Warrant.

(g)

Variable Rate Right of First Refusal. Until the first anniversary of the Execution Date, prior to entering into any definitive documents regarding a Variable Rate Transaction with any third-parties, the Company shall present the terms of such contemplated Variable Rate Transaction to the Buyer as a right of first refusal, and the Buyer shall have the option, in its sole discretion, to fund the complete, or any portion, of the contemplated Variable Rate Transaction to the exclusion of any third-parties. The Buyer shall notify the Company of its election to proceed with the Variable Rate Transaction within thirty (30) Trading Days of receiving notice thereof from the Company.

(h)

Breach of Covenants. If the Company breaches any of the covenants set forth in this Section 5, then in addition to any other remedies available to the Buyer pursuant to this Agreement, each such breach will be considered an “Event of Default” as defined under the Note.

TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS. Prior to registration of the Conversion Shares under the Securities Act or the date on which the Conversion Shares may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without any restriction as to the number of Securities as of a particular date that can then be immediately sold, all such certificates shall bear the restrictive legend specified in the Note or Warrants as applicable. The Company warrants that: (i) no stop transfer instructions will be given by the Company to its Transfer Agent and that the Securities shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company as and to the extent provided in this Agreement and the Note; (ii) it will not direct its Transfer Agent not to transfer or delay, impair, and/or hinder its Transfer Agent in transferring (or issuing) (electronically or in certificated form) any certificate for Conversion Shares to be issued to the Buyer upon conversion of or otherwise pursuant to the Note, as and when required by the Note or this Agreement; and (iii) it will not fail to remove (or direct its Transfer Agent not to remove or impairs, delays, and/or hinders its Transfer Agent from removing) any restrictive legend (or to withdraw any stop transfer instructions in respect thereof) on any certificate for any Conversion Shares as contemplated by the terms of this Agreement and the Note, as applicable. Nothing in this Section shall affect in any way the Buyer’s obligations and agreement to comply with all applicable prospectus delivery requirements, if any, upon re-sale of the Securities. If the Buyer provides the Company (which shall be at the cost of the Company), with (i) an opinion of counsel in form, substance and scope customary for opinions in comparable transactions, to the effect that a public sale or transfer of any Securities may be made without registration under the Securities Act and such sale or transfer is effected or (ii) the Buyer provides reasonable assurances that the Securities can be sold pursuant to Rule 144, the Company shall permit the transfer, and, in the case of the Conversion Shares, promptly instruct its Transfer Agent to issue one or more certificates, free from restrictive legend, in such name and in such denominations as specified by the Buyer or, in the sole discretion of the Buyer, the Company shall take all action necessary to ensure that such Common Stock is transferred electronically as DWAC (as defined in the Note) shares. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Buyer, by vitiating the intent and purpose of the transactions contemplated hereby. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Section may be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section, that the Buyer shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE COMPANY’S OBLIGATIONS TO SELL. The obligation of the Company hereunder to issue and sell any Note to the Buyer at the Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Closing Date of each of the following conditions thereto, provided that these conditions are for the Company’s sole benefit and may be waived by the Company at any time in its sole discretion:

(a)

The Buyer shall have executed this Agreement and delivered the same to the Company.

(b)

The Buyer shall have delivered the Funding Amount in accordance with Section 1 above.

(c)

The representations and warranties of the Buyer shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made and as of the First Closing Date as though made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date), and the Buyer shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Buyer at or prior to the First Closing Date.

(d)

No litigation, statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by or in any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction or any self- regulatory organization having authority over the matters contemplated hereby which prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE BUYER’S OBLIGATION TO PURCHASE. The obligation of the Buyer hereunder to purchase any Note and fund any such Note at any Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the applicable Closing Date of each of the following conditions, provided that these conditions are for the Buyer’s sole benefit and may be waived by the Buyer at any time in its sole discretion:

(a)

The Company shall have executed this Agreement and delivered the same to the Buyer on the First Closing Date.

(b)

The Company shall have executed the ELOC Agreement and delivered the same to the Buyer on the First Closing Date.

(c)

The Company shall have delivered to the Buyer the duly executed Note in accordance with Section 1 above on the applicable Closing Date.

(d)

The Company shall have delivered to the Buyer the duly executed Transfer Agent Instruction Letter on the First Closing Date.

(e)

The Company shall have delivered a copy of its Directors’ resolutions relating to the transactions contemplated hereby, the form of which is reasonably acceptable to the Buyer, on the Closing Date.

(f)

(g)

No event shall have occurred which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company including but not limited to a change in the Exchange Act reporting status of the Company or the failure of the Company to be timely in its Exchange Act reporting obligations, as of the subject Closing Date.

(h)

The Company shall have delivered to the Buyer a copy of its certificate of good standing with the State of Delaware dated within five (5) days of the subject Closing.

(i)

The Company shall have delivered a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent regarding the issuance of the Conversion Shares in form and substance acceptable to the Buyer.

(j)

The representations and warranties of the Company shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made and as of the Execution Date and the subject Closing Date as though made at such time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such specific date) and the Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the subject Closing Date. The Buyer shall have received a certificate or certificates, executed by the chief executive officer of the Company, dated as of the subject Closing Date, to the foregoing effect and as to such other matters as may be reasonably requested by the Buyer, in the form prescribed by the Buyer.

GOVERNING LAW; MISCELLANEOUS.

(a)

Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to principles of conflicts of laws. Any dispute, controversy, difference or claim that may arise between the Company and the Buyer in connection with these Transaction Documents, shall be submitted to binding arbitration governed by the rules of the American Arbitration Association. The seat of the arbitration shall be in the State and County of New York. There shall be only one arbitrator selected in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be conducted in English and may be conducted in a virtual setting. The arbitrator’s decision shall be final and binding and judgment may be entered thereon.

(b)

JURY TRIAL WAIVER. THE COMPANY AND THE BUYER HEREBY WAIVE A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY EITHER OF THE PARTIES HERETO AGAINST THE OTHER IN RESPECT OF ANY MATTER ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS.

(c)

Counterparts; Signatures by Electronic Mail. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which shall constitute one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party. This Agreement, once executed by a party, may be delivered to the other party hereto by electronic mail transmission of a copy of this Agreement bearing the signature of the party so delivering this Agreement.

(d)

Headings. The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement.

(e)

Severability. In the event that any provision of this Agreement or of any of the Transaction Documents is invalid or unenforceable under any applicable statute or rule of law, then such provision shall be deemed inoperative to the extent that it may conflict therewith and shall be deemed modified to conform with such statute or rule of law. Any provision hereof which may prove invalid or unenforceable under any law shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof.

(f)

Entire Agreement; Amendments. This Agreement and the instruments referenced herein contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the matters covered herein and therein and, except as specifically set forth herein or therein, neither the Company nor the Buyer makes any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking with respect to such matters. No provision of this Agreement may be waived or amended other than by an instrument in writing signed by the Buyer and the Company.

(g)

Notices. All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and, unless otherwise specified herein, shall be (a) personally served, (b) deposited in the mail, registered or certified, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (c) delivered by reputable air courier service with charges prepaid, or (d) transmitted by hand delivery, or e-mail, addressed as set forth below or to such other address as such party shall have specified most recently by written notice given in accordance herewith. Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be deemed effective (i) upon hand delivery or delivery by e-mail at the address designated below (if delivered on a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be received), or the first business day following such delivery (if delivered other than on a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be received) or (ii) on the second business day following the date of mailing by express courier service or on the fifth business day after deposited in the mail, in each case, fully prepaid, addressed to such address, or upon actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur.

If to the Company, to:

OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

10900 NE 4th Street, Suite 2300
Bellevue, WA

Attn: Kuk Hyoun Hwang, CEO

E-mail: peter.hwang@osr-holdings.com

If to the Buyer, to:

WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC

21031 Ventura Blvd #920
Woodland Hills, CA 91364

Attn: Yash Thukral, Managing Director
E-mail: team@whitelioncapital.com

Either party hereto may from time to time change its address or e-mail for notices under this Section 9(g) by giving prior written notice of such changed address to the other party hereto.

(h)

Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and assigns. Neither the Company nor the Buyer shall assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the other. Notwithstanding the foregoing, subject to Section 4(c), the Buyer may assign its rights hereunder to any person that purchases Securities in a private transaction from the Buyer or to any of its “affiliates,” as that term is defined under the Exchange Act, without the consent of the Company.

(i)

Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other person.

(j)

Survival. The representations and warranties of the Company and the agreements and covenants set forth in this Agreement shall survive the Closings hereunder as well as the termination/satisfaction of the Note for the longest period allowable under applicable law. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Buyer and all their officers, directors, employees and agents for loss or damage arising as a result of or related to any breach by the Company of any of its representations, warranties and covenants set forth in this Agreement or any of its covenants and obligations under this Agreement, including advancement of expenses as they are incurred. The Buyer agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and all its officers, directors, employees and agents for loss or damage arising as a result of or related to any breach by the Buyer of any of its representations, warranties and covenants set forth in this Agreement or any of its covenants and obligations under this Agreement, including advancement of expenses as they are incurred.

(k)

Further Assurances. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as the other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(l)

No Strict Construction. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.

(m)

Remedies.

(i) The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Buyer by vitiating the intent and purpose of the transaction contemplated hereby. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Agreement will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Agreement, that the Buyer shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies at law or in equity, and in addition to the penalties assessable herein, to an injunction or injunctions restraining, preventing or curing any breach of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.

(ii) In addition to any other remedy provided herein or in any document executed in connection herewith, the Company shall pay the Buyer for all costs, fees and expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation, contest, dispute, suit or any other action to enforce any rights of the Buyer against the Company in connection herewith, including, but not limited to, costs and expenses and attorneys’ fees, and costs and time charges of counsel to the Buyer.

(n)

Publicity. The Company and the Buyer shall have the right to review a reasonable period of time before issuance of any press releases, SEC, Trading Market, or FINRA filings, or any other public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby; provided, however, that the Company shall be entitled, without the prior approval of the Buyer, to make any press release or SEC, Trading Market or FINRA filings with respect to such transactions as is required by applicable law and regulations (although the Buyer shall be consulted by the Company in connection with any such press release prior to its release and shall be provided with a copy thereof).

10.

DEFINED TERMS. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings specified or indicated (such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined):

“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person, and the term “control” (including the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management policies of such Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

“Common Stock Equivalents” shall mean any securities of the Company entitling the holder thereof to acquire at any time shares of Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, shares of Common Stock.

“Damages” shall mean any loss, claim, damage, liability, cost and expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements and costs and expenses of expert witnesses and investigation).

“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Hazardous Material” means and includes any hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance or material, the generation, handling, storage, disposal, treatment or emission of which is subject to any Environmental Law.

“Knowledge” including the phrase “to the Company’s Knowledge” shall mean the actual knowledge after reasonable investigation of the Company’s officers and directors.

“Lien” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, pre- emptive right or any other restriction.

“Material Adverse Effect” means any effect on the business, operations, properties, or financial condition of the Company and/or the Subsidiaries that is material and adverse to the Company and/or the Subsidiaries and/or any condition, circumstance, or situation that prohibits or otherwise materially interferes with the ability of the Company and/or the Subsidiaries to enter into and/or perform its obligations under any Transaction Document.

“Material Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary with assets, liabilities or operations that is material to the business, operations, properties or financial condition of the Company.

“Person” means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, an association, a trust or other entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.

“Securities” means, collectively, the Note, the Conversion Shares, and any other securities of the Company issued in connection with or in exchange for any of the foregoing.

“Subsidiary” or “Subsidiaries” means any Person the Company wholly-owns or controls, or in which the Company, directly or indirectly, owns a majority of the voting stock or similar voting interest, in each case that would be disclosable pursuant to Item 601(b)(21) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Trading Day” shall mean a day on which the NASDAQ stock market shall be open for business.

“Trading Market” means the NASDAQ stock market.

“Transaction Documents” shall mean this Agreement, the Note, the Transfer Agent Instruction Letter and all schedules and exhibits hereto and thereto.

“Transfer Agent” shall mean the current transfer agent of the Company, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.

“Transfer Agent Instruction Letter” means the letter from the Company to the Transfer Agent in the form of Exhibit C attached hereto, or in such other form approved by the Buyer. .

“Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any equity or debt securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price, exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such equity or debt securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such equity or debt security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (including, without limitation, any “full ratchet” or “weighted average” anti-dilution provisions, but not including any standard anti-dilution protection for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction), (ii) issues or sells any equity or debt securities, including without limitation, Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, either (A) at a price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (other than standard anti- dilution protection for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction), or (B) that are subject to or contain any put, call, redemption, buy-back, price-reset or other similar provision or mechanism (including, without limitation, a “Black-Scholes” put or call right) that provides for the issuance of additional equity securities of the Company or the payment of cash by the Company, or (iii) enters into any agreement, including, but not limited to, an “equity line of credit” or “at the market offering” or other continuous offering or similar offering of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, whereby the Company may sell Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at a future determined price.

“Warrant” means any warrants to purchase Common Stock issued by the Company to the Buyer under the ELOC Agreement.

** signature page follows **

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Note Purchase Agreement to be duly executed as of the Execution Date.

	COMPANY:

	OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

	By:	/s/ Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Name:	Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Title:	CEO

	BUYER:

	WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC
	dba WHITE LION GBM INNOVATION FUND

	By:	/s/ Yash Thukral
	Name:	Yash Thukral
	Title:	Managing Director

** Signature Page to Note Purchase Agreement **

ISSUANCE SCHEDULE

FIRST CLOSING

(1)		(2)		(3)
Buyer		Face Value of Note		Funding Amount
White Lion Capital, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund	$	445,000.00	$	400,000.00

SECOND CLOSING

(1)		(2)		(3)
Buyer		Face Value of Note		Funding Amount
White Lion Capital, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund	$	665,000.00	$	600,000.00

EXHIBITS

A – FORM OF NOTE

B – FORM OF ELOC AMENDMENT

C – TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS

EX-10.2 3 ea024239301ex10-2_osrhold.htm SENIOR SECURED CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE, ISSUED MAY 6, 2025, BY OSR HOLDINGS, INC. TO WHITE LION CAPITAL LLC

Exhibit 10.2

NEITHER THE ISSUANCE NOR SALE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THESE SECURITIES ARE CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (I) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES FILED PURSUANT TO THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR (B) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH COUNSEL SHALL BE SELECTED BY THE HOLDER), IN A GENERALLY ACCEPTABLE FORM, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR (II) UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE 144 OR RULE 144A UNDER SAID ACT. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.

Principal Amount: $445,000.00

Issue Date: May 6, 2025

SENIOR SECURED CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, as of May 6, 2025 (the “Issue Date”), OSR HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation (hereinafter called the “Borrower” or “Company”), hereby promises to pay to the order of WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund, a Nevada limited liability company, or its registered assigns (the “Holder”), the principal amount of $445,000.00, payable upon the earlier of maturity or upon prepayment of this Note as set forth herein. The term “Note” and all references thereto, as used throughout this instrument, shall mean this instrument as originally executed, or if later amended or supplemented, then as so amended or supplemented. This Note shall accrue interest at the rate of 5% on the principal amount of this Note. The maturity date of this Note shall be the nine (9) month anniversary of the Issue Date (the “Maturity Date”), and is the date upon which the principal amount, as well as any accrued and unpaid interest and other fees, shall be due and payable. This Note may be prepaid in whole or in part as explicitly set forth herein. All payments due hereunder (to the extent not converted into common stock of the Company, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”) in accordance with the terms hereof) shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America. All payments shall be made at such address as the Holder shall hereafter give to the Borrower by written notice made in accordance with the provisions of this Note. Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of this Note is due on any day which is not a business day, the same shall instead be due on the next succeeding day which is a business day and, in the case of any interest payment date which is not the date on which this Note is paid in full, the extension of the due date thereof shall not be taken into account for purposes of determining the amount of interest due on such date. As used in this Note, the term “business day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which commercial banks in the city of Los Angeles, California are authorized or required by law or executive order to remain closed. Each capitalized term used herein, and not otherwise defined, shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in that certain Note Purchase Agreement dated May 6, 2025 between the parties, pursuant to which this Note was originally issued (as amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Purchase Agreement”). The consideration delivered to the Borrower at the closing for the issuance of this Note is the delivery of $400,000 of cash, as contemplated by the Purchase Agreement.

This Note is free from all taxes, liens, claims and encumbrances with respect to the issue thereof and shall not be subject to preemptive rights or other similar rights of shareholders of the Borrower and will not impose personal liability upon the holder thereof.

The Company hereby affirms all of its obligations to the Holder under all of the Transaction Documents and agrees and affirms as follows: (i) that as of the Issue Date, the Company has performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all the covenants, agreements and conditions under each of the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company; (ii) that the Company shall continue to perform each and every covenant, agreement and condition set forth in each of the Transaction Documents and this Note, and continue to be bound by each and all of the terms and provisions thereof and hereof; (iii) that as of the Issue Date, no default or Event of Default has occurred or is continuing under the Purchase Agreement, the Note or any other Transaction Documents, and no event has occurred that, with the passage of time, the giving of notice, or both, would constitute a default or an Event of Default under the Purchase Agreement, the Note or any other Transaction Documents; and (iv) that as of the Issue Date, no event, fact, or other set of circumstances has occurred which could reasonably be expected to have, cause, or result in a Material Adverse Effect. “Material Adverse Effect” means any effect on the business, operations, properties, or financial condition of the Company and/or its Subsidiaries that is material and adverse to the Company and/or such Subsidiaries and/or any condition, circumstance, or situation that prohibits or otherwise materially interferes with the ability of the Company and/or its subsidiaries to enter into and/or perform its obligations under any Transaction Document.

The Company hereby acknowledges, represents, warrants and confirms to the Holder that: (i) each of the Transaction Documents executed by the Company are valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms; and (ii) no oral representations, statements, or inducements have been made by Holder, or any agent or representative of Holder, with respect to this Note, any other Note, the Purchase Agreement, and all other Transaction Documents.

This Note shall be a first senior secured obligation of the Borrower, with priority over all existing and future Indebtedness (as defined below) of the Borrower as provided for herein. The obligations of the Borrower under this Note are secured by all of the assets, personal property of every kind, intellectually property, claims and products and proceeds of the foregoing, of the Borrower (the “Collateral”). So long as the Borrower shall have any obligation under this Note, the Borrower shall not (directly or indirectly through any subsidiary or affiliate) incur or suffer to exist or guarantee any Indebtedness that is senior to or pari passu with (in priority of payment and performance) the Borrower’s obligations hereunder. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “Borrower” shall include any subsidiary of the Borrower in addition to the Borrower. As used herein, the term “Indebtedness” means (a) all indebtedness of the Borrower for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services, including any type of letters of credit, but not including deferred purchase price obligations in place as of the Issue Date and as disclosed in the Company’s SEC filings or obligations to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business, (b) all obligations of the Borrower evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or other similar instruments, (c) purchase money indebtedness hereafter incurred by the Borrower to finance the purchase of fixed or capital assets, including all capital lease obligations of the Borrower which do not exceed the purchase price of the assets funded, (d) all guarantee obligations of the Borrower in respect of obligations of the kind referred to in clauses (a) through (c) above that the Borrower would not be permitted to incur or enter into, and (e) all obligations of the kind referred to in clauses (a) through (d) above that the Borrower is not permitted to incur or enter into that are secured and/or unsecured by (or for which the holder of such obligation has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured and/or unsecured by) any lien or encumbrance on property (including accounts and contract rights) owned by the Borrower, whether or not the Borrower has assumed or become liable for the payment of such obligation. The Borrower shall take all actions required to perfect the security interest of the Holder in the Collateral, including, without limitation, with respect to all Collateral over which control may be obtained within the meaning of sections 8-106, 9-104, 9-105, 9- 106 and 9-107 of the UCC. The Borrower shall immediately take all actions as may be requested from time to time by the Holder so that control of such Collateral is obtained and at all times held by the Holder. All of the foregoing shall be at the sole cost and expense of the Borrower. The Borrower hereby irrevocably authorizes the Holder at any time and from time to time to file in any relevant jurisdiction any financing statements, or file any documents with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office, for the purpose of perfecting, confirming, continuing, enforcing or protecting the security interest granted by the Borrower hereunder, without the signature of the Borrower where permitted by law.

The following additional terms shall also apply to this Note:

ARTICLE I
CONVERSION RIGHTS

1.1 Conversion Right. The Holder shall have the right at any time, and from time to time, on or after the Issue Date until the complete satisfaction by the Borrower of all amounts owed under this Note to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid principal, interest, fees, or any other obligation owed pursuant to this Note into fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock, as such Common Stock exists on the Issue Date, or any shares of capital stock or other securities of the Borrower into which such Common Stock shall hereafter be changed or reclassified, at the Conversion Price (as defined below) selected by the Holder for any particular conversion, determined as provided herein (a “Conversion”); provided, however, that in no event shall the Holder be entitled to convert any portion of this Note in excess of that portion of this Note upon conversion of which the sum of (1) the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its affiliates (other than shares of Common Stock which may be deemed beneficially owned through the ownership of the unconverted portion of this Note or the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other security of the Borrower subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitations contained herein) and (2) the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the Conversion of the portion of this Note with respect to which the determination of this proviso is being made, would result in beneficial ownership by the Holder and its affiliates of more than 4.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (the “Ownership Limitation”), provided that, the Holder may increase the Ownership Limitation up to 9.99% at its sole discretion upon sixty-one (61) days prior written notice to the Company. For purposes of the proviso to the immediately preceding sentence, beneficial ownership shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and Regulations 13D-G thereunder, except as otherwise provided in clause (1) of such proviso. The number of shares of Common Stock to be issued upon each Conversion of this Note shall be determined by dividing the Conversion Amount (as defined below) (the numerator) by the applicable Conversion Price then in effect on the date specified in the notice of conversion (the denominator), in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Notice of Conversion”), delivered to the Company by the Holder in accordance with Section 1.4 below; provided that the Notice of Conversion is submitted by facsimile or e-mail (or by other means resulting in, or reasonably expected to result in, notice) to the Borrower before 8:00 p.m., New York, New York time on such conversion date (the “Conversion Date”). The term “Conversion Amount” means, with respect to any Conversion of this Note, the sum of (1) the principal amount of this Note to be converted in such Conversion plus (2) at the Holder’s option, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on such principal amount at the interest rates provided in this Note to the Conversion Date.

1.2 Conversion Price. Subject to the adjustments described herein, this Note shall be convertible into shares of Common Stock at any time, and from time to time, in any portion at the Conversion Price. The Conversion Price shall be automatically adjusted equitably for stock splits, stock dividends or rights offerings by the Borrower relating to the Borrower’s securities or the securities of any subsidiary of the Borrower, as well as combinations, recapitalization, reclassifications, extraordinary distributions and similar events:

(a) Variable Conversion Price. At any time, and from time to time, the Holder may utilize the Variable Conversion Price for conversions of this Note into Common Stock. The Variable Conversion Price shall be a rate per share equal to 95% multiplied by the Market Price (as defined herein) (representing a discount rate of 5%) (the “Variable Conversion Price”). “Market Price” means the lowest daily VWAP of the Common Stock during the fifteen (15) Trading Day period ending on the latest complete Trading Day prior to the Conversion Date. “Trading Price” means the lowest volume-weighted average daily price as reported on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is quoted, listed or traded or, if no trading price of such security is available in any of the foregoing manners, the average of the trading prices of any market makers for such security that are listed in the “pink sheets” by the National Quotation Bureau, Inc. “Trading Day” shall mean any day on which the Common Stock is tradable for any period on the NASDAQ stock market or on the principal securities exchange or other securities market on which the Common Stock is then being quoted or traded.

(b) Additional Conversion Considerations. To the extent the Conversion Price of the Borrower’s Common Stock closes below the par value per share, the Borrower will take all steps necessary to solicit the consent of the stockholders to reduce the par value of the Common Stock to the lowest value possible under law. The Borrower agrees to honor all conversions submitted pending this adjustment. If the shares of the Borrower’s Common Stock have not been delivered within two (2) business days to the Holder after its transmittal of the Notice of Conversion, the Notice of Conversion may be rescinded by the Holder in its sole discretion. If the Trading Price cannot be calculated for such security on such date in the manner provided above, the Trading Price shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Borrower and the Holder for which the calculation of the Trading Price is required in order to determine the Conversion Price of such Notes. If at any time the Conversion Price as determined hereunder for any conversion would be less than the par value of the Common Stock, then at the sole discretion of the Holder, the Conversion Price hereunder may equal such par value for such conversion and the Conversion Amount for such conversion may be increased to include Additional Principal, where “Additional Principal” means such additional amount to be added to the Conversion Amount to the extent necessary to cause the number of conversion shares issuable upon such conversion to equal the same number of conversion shares as would have been issued had the Conversion Price not been adjusted by the Holder to the par value price. The Note is convertible into shares of Common Stock at any time, and from time to time either of the Variable Conversion Price or the Default Conversion Price then in effect. “Conversion Price” means the then applicable Variable Conversion Price or Default Conversion Price or other conversion price as determined in accordance with this Note.

(c) Pro Rata Conversion; Disputes. In the event of a dispute as to the number of shares of Common Stock issuable to the Holder in connection with a conversion of this Note, the Borrower shall issue to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock not in dispute and resolve such dispute in accordance with this Note.

1.3 Authorized Shares. The Borrower covenants that during the period the Conversion right exists, the Borrower will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient number of shares, free from preemptive rights, to provide for the issuance of Common Stock upon the full conversion of this Note issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. The Borrower is required at all times to have authorized and reserved five times (5x) the number of shares that is actually issuable upon full conversion of the Note (based on the Conversion Price of the Note in effect from time to time) (the “Reserved Amount”). The Borrower represents that upon issuance, such shares of Common Stock will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. In addition, if the Borrower shall issue any securities or make any change to its capital structure which would change the number of shares of Common Stock into which this Note shall be convertible at the then current Conversion Price, the Borrower shall at the same time make proper provision so that thereafter there shall be a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock authorized and reserved, free from preemptive rights, for conversion of the outstanding Note. The Borrower (i) represents that it has irrevocably instructed its transfer agent to issue certificates for the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note, and (ii) agrees that its issuance of this Note shall constitute full authority to its officers and agents who are charged with the duty of executing stock certificates to execute and issue the necessary certificates for shares of Common Stock in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Note.

Borrower’s failure to maintain or to replenish the Reserved Amount within two (2) business days of a request of the Holder, shall be an Event of Default under this Note.

1.4

Method of Conversion.

(a) Mechanics of Conversion. Subject to Section 1.1, this Note may be converted by the Holder in whole or in part at any time from time to time on or after the Issue Date, by (i) submitting to the Borrower a Notice of Conversion (by facsimile, e-mail or other reasonable means of communication dispatched on the Conversion Date prior to 8:00 p.m., New York, New York time) and (ii) subject to Section 1.4(b), surrendering this Note at the principal office of the Borrower.

(b) Surrender of Note Upon Conversion. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, upon conversion of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Note to the Borrower unless the entire unpaid principal amount of this Note is so converted. The Holder and the Borrower shall maintain records showing the principal amount so converted and the dates of such conversions or shall use such other method, reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and the Borrower, so as not to require physical surrender of this Note upon each such conversion. In the event of any dispute or discrepancy, such records of the Holder shall, prima facie, be controlling and determinative in the absence of manifest error. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Note, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following conversion of a portion of this Note, the unpaid and unconverted principal amount of this Note represented by this Note may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.

(c) Delivery of Common Stock Upon Conversion. Upon receipt by the Borrower from the Holder of a facsimile transmission or e-mail (or other reasonable means of communication) of a Notice of Conversion meeting the requirements for conversion as provided in this Section 1.4, the Borrower shall issue and deliver or cause to be issued and delivered to or upon the order of the Holder certificates (or electronic shares via DWAC transfer, at the option of Holder) for the Common Stock issuable upon such conversion within one (1) business day after such receipt (the “Deadline”) (and, solely in the case of conversion of the entire unpaid principal amount hereof, surrender of this Note) in accordance with the terms hereof.

(d) Obligation of Borrower to Deliver Common Stock. Upon receipt by the Borrower of a Notice of Conversion, the Holder shall be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Stock issuable upon such conversion, the outstanding principal amount and the amount of accrued and unpaid interest on this Note shall be reduced to reflect such conversion, and, unless the Borrower defaults on its obligations under this Article I, all rights with respect to the portion of this Note being so converted shall forthwith terminate except the right to receive the Common Stock or other securities, cash or other assets, as herein provided, on such conversion. If the Holder shall have given a Notice of Conversion as provided herein, the Borrower’s obligation to issue and deliver the certificates for Common Stock shall be absolute and unconditional, irrespective of the absence of any action by the Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision thereof, the recovery of any judgment against any person or any action to enforce the same, any failure or delay in the enforcement of any other obligation of the Borrower to the holder of record, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination, or any breach or alleged breach by the Holder of any obligation to the Borrower, and irrespective of any other circumstance which might otherwise limit such obligation of the Borrower to the Holder in connection with such conversion. The Conversion Date specified in the Notice of Conversion shall be the Conversion Date so long as the Notice of Conversion is received by the Borrower before 8:00 p.m., New York, New York time, on such date.

(e) Delivery of Common Stock by Electronic Transfer. In lieu of delivering physical certificates representing the Common Stock issuable upon conversion, provided the Borrower is participating in the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) Fast Automated Securities Transfer (“FAST”) program, upon request of the Holder and its compliance with the provisions contained in Section 1.1 and in this Section 1.4, the Borrower shall cause its transfer agent to electronically transmit the Common Stock issuable upon conversion to the Holder by crediting the account of Holder’s Prime Broker with DTC (as designated by the Holder in a Notice of Conversion) through its Deposit Withdrawal At Custodian (“DWAC”) system.

(f) Failure to Deliver Common Stock Prior to Delivery Deadline. Without in any way limiting the Holder’s right to pursue other remedies, including actual damages and/or equitable relief, the parties agree that if delivery of the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note is not delivered by the Deadline the Borrower shall pay to the Holder $2,000.00 per day in cash, for each day beyond the Deadline that the Borrower fails to deliver such Common Stock until the Borrower issues and delivers a certificate to the Holder or credit the Holder’s balance account with DTC for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon such Holder’s conversion of any Conversion Amount (under Holder’s and Borrower’s expectation that any damages will tack back to the Issue Date). Such cash amount shall be paid to Holder by the fifth day of the month following the month in which it has accrued or, at the option of the Holder (by written notice to the Borrower by the first day of the month following the month in which it has accrued), shall be added to the principal amount of this Note, in which event interest shall accrue thereon in accordance with the terms of this Note and such additional principal amount shall be convertible into Common Stock in accordance with the terms of this Note. The Borrower agrees that the right to convert is a valuable right to the Holder. The damages resulting from a failure, attempt to frustrate, interference with such conversion right are difficult if not impossible to qualify. Accordingly, the parties acknowledge that the liquidated damages provision contained in this Section 1.4(f) are justified.

(g) Rescindment of a Notice of Conversion. If (i) the Borrower fails to respond to Holder within one (1) business day from the Conversion Date confirming the details of Notice of Conversion, (ii) the Borrower fails to provide any of the shares of the Borrower’s Common Stock requested in the Notice of Conversion within one (1) business day from the date of receipt of the Note of Conversion, (iii) the Holder is unable to procure a legal opinion required to have the shares of the Borrower’s Common Stock issued unrestricted and/or deposited to sell for any reason related to the Borrower’s standing, (iv) the Holder is unable to deposit the shares of the Borrower’s Common Stock requested in the Notice of Conversion for any reason related to the Borrower’s standing, (v) at any time after a missed Deadline, at the Holder’s sole discretion, or (vi) if there is a trading restriction on the Common Stock on the day of or any day after the Conversion Date, the Holder maintains the option and sole discretion to rescind the Notice of Conversion with a “Notice of Rescindment.”

1.5 Concerning the Shares. Until such time as the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note have been registered under the 1933 Act or otherwise may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without any restriction as to the number of securities as of a particular date that can then be immediately sold, each certificate for shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note that has not been so included in an effective registration statement or that has not been sold pursuant to an effective registration statement or an exemption that permits removal of the legend, shall bear a legend substantially in the following form, as appropriate:

“NEITHER THE ISSUANCE OR SALE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (I) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR (B) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH COUNSEL SHALL BE SELECTED BY THE HOLDER), IN A GENERALLY ACCEPTABLE FORM, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR (II) UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE 144 OR RULE 144A UNDER SAID ACT. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.”

The legend set forth above shall be removed and the Borrower shall issue to the Holder a new certificate therefore free of any transfer legend if (i) the Borrower or its transfer agent shall have received an opinion of counsel, in form, substance and scope customary for opinions of counsel in comparable transactions, to the effect that a public sale or transfer of such Common Stock may be made without registration under the 1933 Act, which opinion shall be reasonably accepted by the Company so that the sale or transfer is effected or (ii) in the case of the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note, such security is registered for sale by the Holder under an effective registration statement filed under the 1933 Act or otherwise may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without any restriction as to the number of securities as of a particular date that can then be immediately sold. In the event that the Company does not accept the opinion of counsel provided by the Holder with respect to the transfer of securities pursuant to an exemption from registration, such as Rule 144 or Regulation S, at the Deadline, and the does not provide a suitable replacement opinion to the Holder within two (2) business days, it will be considered an Event of Default pursuant to Section 3.2 of the Note.

1.6

Effect of Certain Events.

(a) Effect of Merger, Consolidation, Etc. At the option of the Holder, the sale, conveyance or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Borrower, the effectuation by the Borrower of a transaction or series of related transactions in which more than 50% of the voting power of the Borrower is disposed of, or the consolidation, merger or other business combination of the Borrower with or into any other Person (as defined below) or Persons when the Borrower is not the survivor shall either: (i) be deemed to be an Event of Default (as defined in Article III) pursuant to which the Borrower shall be required to pay to the Holder upon the consummation of and as a condition to such transaction an amount equal to the Default Amount (as defined in Article III) or (ii) be treated pursuant to Section 1.6(b) hereof. “Person” shall mean any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, trust or other entity or organization.

(b) Adjustment Due to Merger, Consolidation, Etc. If, at any time when this Note is issued and outstanding and prior to conversion of all of the Notes, there shall be any merger, consolidation, exchange of shares, recapitalization, reorganization, or other similar event, as a result of which shares of Common Stock of the Borrower shall be changed into the same or a different number of shares of another class or classes of stock or securities of the Borrower or another entity, or in case of any sale or conveyance of all or substantially all of the assets of the Borrower other than in connection with a plan of complete liquidation of the Borrower, then the Holder of this Note shall thereafter have the right to receive upon conversion of this Note, upon the basis and upon the terms and conditions specified herein and in lieu of the shares of Common Stock immediately theretofore issuable upon conversion, such stock, securities or assets which the Holder would have been entitled to receive in such transaction had this Note been converted in full immediately prior to such transaction (without regard to any limitations on conversion set forth herein), and in any such case appropriate provisions shall be made with respect to the rights and interests of the Holder of this Note to the end that the provisions hereof (including, without limitation, provisions for adjustment of the Conversion Price and of the number of shares issuable upon conversion of the Note) shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as may be practicable in relation to any securities or assets thereafter deliverable upon the conversion hereof. The Borrower shall not affect any transaction described in this Section 1.6(b) unless (a) it first gives, to the extent practicable, thirty (30) days prior written notice (but in any event at least fifteen (15) days prior written notice) of the record date of the special meeting of shareholders to approve, or if there is no such record date, the consummation of, such merger, consolidation, exchange of shares, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar event or sale of assets (during which time the Holder shall be entitled to convert this Note) and (b) the resulting successor or acquiring entity (if not the Borrower) assumes by written instrument the obligations of this Section 1.6(b). The above provisions shall similarly apply to successive consolidations, mergers, sales, transfers or share exchanges.

(c) Adjustment Due to Distribution. If the Borrower shall declare or make any distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of Common Stock as a dividend, stock repurchase, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including any dividend or distribution to the Borrower’s shareholders in cash or shares (or rights to acquire shares) of capital stock of a subsidiary (i.e., a spin-off)) (a “Distribution”), then the Holder of this Note shall be entitled, upon any conversion of this Note after the date of record for determining shareholders entitled to such Distribution, to receive the amount of such assets which would have been payable to the Holder with respect to the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion had such Holder been the holder of such shares of Common Stock on the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to such Distribution.

(d) Adjustment Due to Dilutive Issuance. If, at any time when this Note is issued and outstanding, the Borrower issues or sells, or in accordance with this Section 1.6(d) hereof is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock for no consideration or for a consideration per share less than the Conversion Price in effect on the date of such issuance (or deemed issuance) of such shares of Common Stock (a “Dilutive Issuance”), then immediately upon the Dilutive Issuance, the Conversion Price will be reduced to the amount of the consideration per share received by the Borrower in such Dilutive Issuance, subject to the Holder’s other rights under Section 1.2 to select its Conversion Price.

The Borrower shall be deemed to have issued or sold shares of Common Stock if the Borrower in any manner issues or grants any warrants, rights or options (not including employee stock option plans), whether or not immediately exercisable, to subscribe for or to purchase Common Stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock (“Convertible Securities”) (such warrants, rights and options to purchase Common Stock or Convertible Securities are hereinafter referred to as “Options”) and the price per share for which Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of such Options is less than the Conversion Price then in effect, then the Conversion Price shall be equal to such price per share. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the “price per share for which Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of such Options” is determined by dividing (i) the total amount, if any, received or receivable by the Borrower as consideration for the issuance or granting of all such Options, plus the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration, if any, payable to the Borrower upon the exercise of all such Options, plus, in the case of Convertible Securities issuable upon the exercise of such Options, the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration payable upon the conversion or exchange thereof at the time such Convertible Securities first become convertible or exchangeable, by (ii) the maximum total number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of all such Options (assuming full conversion of Convertible Securities, if applicable). No further adjustment to the Conversion Price will be made upon the actual issuance of such Common Stock upon the exercise of such Options or upon the conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of such Options.

Additionally, the Borrower shall be deemed to have issued or sold shares of Common Stock if the Borrower in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities, whether or not immediately convertible (other than where the same are issuable upon the exercise of Options), and the price per share for which Common Stock is issuable upon such conversion or exchange is less than the Conversion Price then in effect, then the Conversion Price shall be equal to such price per share. For the purposes of the preceding sentence, the “price per share for which Common Stock is issuable upon such conversion or exchange” is determined by dividing (i) the total amount, if any, received or receivable by the Borrower as consideration for the issuance or sale of all such Convertible Securities, plus the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration, if any, payable to the Borrower upon the conversion or exchange thereof at the time such Convertible Securities first become convertible or exchangeable, by (ii) the maximum total number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion or exchange of all such Convertible Securities. No further adjustment to the Conversion Price will be made upon the actual issuance of such Common Stock upon conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities.

For the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding any other terms of this Note, if, at any time when this Note is issued and outstanding, the Borrower issues or sells any shares of Common Stock under an “equity line” common stock purchase agreement, or other agreement similar in function thereto, with the Borrower or other investor, for a purchase price per share less than the Conversion Price in effect on the date of such issuance of such shares of Common Stock, then such issuance shall constitute a Dilutive Issuance and the Conversion Price will be reduced to the amount of the purchase price per share received by the Borrower in such Dilutive Issuance, subject to the Holder’s other rights under Section 1.2 to select its Conversion Price.

(e) Purchase Rights. If, at any time when any Notes are issued and outstanding, the Borrower issues any Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property (the “Purchase Rights”) pro rata to the record holders of any class of Common Stock, then the Holder of this Note will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which such Holder could have acquired if such Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitations on conversion contained herein) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights.

(f) Notice of Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment of the Conversion Price as a result of the events described in this Section 1.6, or under Section 1.2 (regarding stock splits, combinations, etc.), the Borrower, at its expense, shall promptly compute such adjustment or readjustment and prepare and furnish to the Holder a certificate setting forth such adjustment or readjustment and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. The Borrower shall, upon the written request at any time of the Holder, furnish to such Holder a like certificate setting forth (i) such adjustment or readjustment, (ii) the Conversion Price at the time in effect and (iii) the number of shares of Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other securities or property which at the time would be received upon conversion of the Note.

1.7 Trading Market Limitations. Unless permitted by the applicable rules and regulations of the principal securities market on which the Common Stock is then quoted, listed or traded, in no event shall the Borrower issue upon conversion of or otherwise pursuant to this Note more than the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that the Borrower can issue pursuant to any rule of the principal United States securities market on which the Common Stock is then traded (the “Maximum Share Amount”), subject to equitable adjustment from time to time for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, capital reorganizations and similar events relating to the Common Stock occurring after the Issue Date. Once the Maximum Share Amount has been issued, if the Borrower fails to eliminate any prohibitions under applicable law or the rules or regulations of any stock exchange, interdealer quotation system or other self- regulatory organization with jurisdiction over the Borrower or any of its securities on the Borrower’s ability to issue shares of Common Stock in excess of the Maximum Share Amount, in lieu of any further right to convert this Note, this will be considered an Event of Default under Section 3.2 of the Note.

1.8 Status as Shareholder. Upon submission of a Notice of Conversion by a Holder, (i) the shares covered thereby (other than the shares, if any, which cannot be issued because their issuance would exceed such Holder’s allocated portion of the Reserved Amount or Maximum Share Amount) shall be deemed converted into shares of Common Stock and (ii) the Holder’s rights as a Holder of such converted portion of this Note shall cease and terminate, excepting only the right to receive certificates for such shares of Common Stock and to any remedies provided herein or otherwise available at law or in equity to such Holder because of a failure by the Borrower to comply with the terms of this Note. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Holder has not received certificates or transmission of such shares pursuant to Section 1.4(e) for all shares of Common Stock prior to the tenth (10th) business day after the expiration of the Deadline with respect to a conversion of any portion of this Note for any reason, then (unless the Holder otherwise elects to retain its status as a holder of Common Stock by so notifying the Borrower) the Holder shall regain the rights of a Holder of this Note with respect to such unconverted portions of this Note and the Borrower shall, as soon as practicable, return such unconverted Note to the Holder or, if this Note has not been surrendered, adjust its records to reflect that such portion of this Note has not been converted. In all cases, the Holder shall retain all of its rights and remedies (including, without limitation, (i) the right to receive Conversion default payments pursuant to Section 1.3 to the extent required thereby for such Conversion default and any subsequent Conversion default and (ii) the right to have the Conversion Price with respect to subsequent conversions determined in accordance with Section 1.2) for the Borrower’s failure to convert this Note.

1.9 Prepayment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Note, the Borrower may not prepay the amounts outstanding hereunder without first obtaining the written consent of the Holder.

ARTICLE II
CERTAIN COVENANTS

2.1 Section 3(a)(9) or 3(a)(10) Transaction. So long as this Note is outstanding, the Borrower shall not enter into any transaction or arrangement structured in accordance with, based upon, or related or pursuant to, in whole or in part, either Section 3(a)(9) of the 1933 Act (a “3(a)(9) Transaction”) or Section 3(a)(10) of the 1933 Act (a “3(a)(10) Transaction”). In the event that the Borrower does enter into, or makes any issuance of Common Stock related to a 3(a)(9) Transaction or a 3(a)(10) Transaction while this Note is outstanding, a liquidated damages charge of 25% of the outstanding principal balance of this Note, but not less than Fifteen Thousand Dollars ($15,000.00), will be assessed and will become immediately due and payable to the Holder at its election in the form of cash payment or addition to the balance of this Note.

2.2 Preservation of Existence, etc. The Borrower shall maintain and preserve, and cause each of its subsidiaries to maintain and preserve, its existence, rights and privileges, and become or remain, and cause each of its subsidiaries to become or remain, duly qualified and in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the character of the properties owned or leased by it or in which the transaction of its business makes such qualification necessary.

2.3 Non-circumvention. The Borrower hereby covenants and agrees that the Borrower will not, by amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Note, and will at all times in good faith carry out all the provisions of this Note and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of the Holder.

2.4 Piggyback Registration Rights. The Company shall include on any registration statement or offering statement filed with the SEC, all shares of Common Stock issuable and issued pursuant to the exercise of this Note. In addition to all other remedies at law or in equity or otherwise in connection with any breaches under this Note or the other Transaction Documents, failure to do so in compliance with this Section 2.4 will result in liquidated damages of $400,000, being immediately due and payable to the Holder at its election in the form of cash payment.

2.5 Legal Opinions. If the Holder provides the Company (which shall be at the cost of the Company), with (i) an opinion of counsel in form, substance and scope customary for opinions in comparable transactions, to the effect that a public sale or transfer of the shares may be made without registration under the 1933 Act and such sale or transfer is effected or (ii) the Holder provides reasonable assurances that the Shares can be sold pursuant to Rule 144, the Company shall permit the transfer, and, in the case of the Shares, promptly instruct its transfer agent to issue one or more certificates, free from restrictive legend, in such name and in such denominations as specified by the Holder or, in the sole discretion of the Holder, the Company shall take all action necessary to ensure that such Shares are transferred electronically as DWAC shares. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder, by vitiating the intent and purpose of the transactions contemplated hereby. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Section may be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section, that the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies (including without limitation consequential damages), to an injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.

ARTICLE III
EVENTS OF DEFAULT

The occurrence of any of the following shall each constitute an “Event of Default” with no right to notice or the right to cure except as specifically stated:

3.1 Failure to Pay Principal or Interest. The Borrower fails to pay the principal hereof or interest thereon when due on this Note, whether at the Maturity Date, or upon any granted optional prepayment date, upon acceleration or otherwise.

3.2 Conversion and the Shares. The Borrower fails to issue shares of Common Stock to the Holder (or announces or threatens in writing that it will not honor its obligation to do so) upon exercise by the Holder of the Conversion rights of the Holder in accordance with the terms of this Note, fails to transfer or cause its transfer agent to transfer (issue) (electronically or in certificated form) any certificate for shares of Common Stock issued to the Holder upon conversion of or otherwise pursuant to this Note as and when required by this Note, the Borrower directs its transfer agent not to transfer or delays, impairs, and/or hinders its transfer agent in transferring (or issuing) (electronically or in certificated form) any certificate for shares of Common Stock to be issued to the Holder upon conversion of or otherwise pursuant to this Note as and when required by this Note, or fails to remove (or directs its transfer agent not to remove or impairs, delays, and/or hinders its transfer agent from removing) any restrictive legend (or to withdraw any stop transfer instructions in respect thereof) on any certificate for any shares of Common Stock issued to the Holder upon conversion of or otherwise pursuant to this Note as and when required by this Note (or makes any written announcement, statement or threat that it does not intend to honor the obligations described in this paragraph) and any such failure shall continue uncured (or any written announcement, statement or threat not to honor its obligations shall not be rescinded in writing) for two (2) business days after the Holder shall have delivered a Notice of Conversion. It is an obligation of the Borrower to remain current in its obligations to its transfer agent. It shall be an “Event of Default” of this Note, if a conversion of this Note is delayed, hindered or frustrated due to a balance owed by the Borrower to its transfer agent. If at the option of the Holder, the Holder advances any funds to the Borrower’s transfer agent in order to process a conversion, such advanced funds shall be paid by the Borrower to the Holder within forty-eight (48) hours of a demand from the Holder.

3.3 Breach of Agreement. The Borrower breaches any covenant or other term or condition contained in this Note or in any of the Transaction Documents, including but not limited to the Purchase Agreement.

3.4 Breach of Representations and Warranties. Any representation or warranty of the Borrower made herein or in any agreement, statement or certificate given in writing pursuant hereto or in connection herewith (including, without limitation, the Purchase Agreement), shall be false or misleading in any material respect when made.

3.5 Receiver or Trustee. The Company or any subsidiary of the Company shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver or trustee for it or for a substantial part of its property or business, or such a receiver or trustee shall otherwise be appointed.

3.6 Judgments. Except with respect to the $500,000 claim filed by Benjamin Securities, Inc. prior to the Issue Date, if any money judgment, writ or similar process shall be entered or filed against the Borrower or any subsidiary of the Borrower or any of its property or other assets for more than $50,000.00, and shall remain unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of twenty (20) days unless otherwise consented to by the Holder, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld.

3.7 Bankruptcy; Liquidation. (i) Bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or liquidation proceedings or other proceedings, voluntary or involuntary, for relief under any bankruptcy law or any law for the relief of debtors shall be instituted by or against the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or the Borrower admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they mature, or have filed against it an involuntary petition for bankruptcy; or (ii) any dissolution, liquidation, or winding up of Borrower or any substantial portion of its business occurs.

3.8 Delisting of Common Stock. The Borrower shall fail to maintain the listing of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ stock market.

3.9 Failure to Comply with the Exchange Act. The Borrower shall fail to timely comply with the reporting requirements of the 1934 Act (including but not limited to becoming delinquent in its filings); and/or the Borrower shall cease to be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act; and/or the Borrower shall not have publicly available all information required by paragraph (b) of Rule 15c2-11 of the Exchange Act (as effective on September 26, 2021), as amended, such that brokers or dealers attempting to publish any quotation for the Common Stock or, directly or indirectly, to submit any such quotation for publication, shall be able to comply with Rule 15c2-11(a).

3.10 DTC. In the event that the Company (i) loses its ability to deliver shares via “DWAC/FAST” electronic transfer, or (ii) loses its stats as “DTC Eligible.”

3.11 Cessation of Operations. Any cessation of operations by Borrower or Borrower admits it is otherwise generally unable to pay its debts as such debts become due, provided, however, that any disclosure of the Borrower’s ability to continue as a “going concern” shall not be an admission that the Borrower cannot pay its debts as they become due.

3.12 Maintenance of Assets. The failure by Borrower to maintain any material intellectual property rights, personal, real property or other assets which are necessary to conduct its business (whether now or in the future) or any disposition or conveyance of any material asset of the Borrower.

3.13 Financial Statement Restatement. The restatement of any financial statements filed by the Borrower with the SEC for any date or period from two years prior to the Issue Date of this Note and until this Note is no longer outstanding, if the result of such restatement would, by comparison to the unrestated financial statement, have constituted a material adverse effect on the rights of the Holder with respect to this Note or the Purchase Agreement.

3.14 Reverse Splits. The Borrower effectuates a reverse split of its Common Stock.

3.15 Replacement of Transfer Agent. In the event that the Borrower proposes to replace its transfer agent, the Borrower fails to provide, prior to the effective date of such replacement, a fully executed Transfer Agent Instruction Letter in a form as initially delivered pursuant to the Purchase Agreement (including but not limited to the provision to irrevocably reserve shares of Common Stock in the Reserved Amount) signed by the successor transfer agent to Borrower and the Borrower.

3.16 Cessation of Trading. Any cessation of trading of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ stock market, and such cessation of trading shall continue for a period of five consecutive (5) Trading Days.

3.17 Cross-Default. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Note or the other related or companion documents, a breach, non-compliance, or default by the Borrower of any covenant or other term or condition contained in any of the Other Agreements, shall, at the option of the Holder, be considered a default under this Note and the Other Agreements, in which event the Holder shall be entitled (but in no event required) to apply all rights and remedies of the Holder under the terms of this Note and the Other Agreements by reason of a default under said Other Agreement or hereunder. “Other Agreements” means, collectively, all agreements and instruments between, among or by: (1) the Borrower, and, or for the benefit of, (2) the Holder and any affiliate of the Holder. For the avoidance of doubt, Other Agreements shall include, without limitation, the Purchase Agreement, that certain Common Stock Purchase Agreement “equity line”, as amended, between the Holder and Borrower (“ELOC Agreement”), that certain Warrant to be issued pursuant to the ELOC Agreement, and that certain Registration Rights Agreement between the Holder and the Borrower. Any loan transactions will be cross-defaulted with each other loan transaction and with all other existing and future debt of Borrower to the Holder.

3.18 Inside Information. Any attempt by the Borrower or its officers, directors, and/or affiliates to transmit, convey, disclose, or any actual transmittal, conveyance, or disclosure by the Borrower or its officers, directors, and/or affiliates of, material non-public information concerning the Borrower, to the Holder or its successors and assigns, which is not immediately cured by Borrower’s filing of a Form 8-K pursuant to Regulation FD on that same date.

3.19 Unavailability of Rule 144. If, at any time on or after the Issue Date, the Holder is unable to (i) obtain a standard “144 legal opinion letter” from an attorney reasonably acceptable to the Holder, the Holder’s brokerage firm (and respective clearing firm), and the Borrower’s transfer agent in order to facilitate the Holder’s conversion of any portion of the Note into free trading shares of the Borrower’s Common Stock pursuant to Rule 144, and (ii) thereupon deposit such shares into the Holder’s brokerage account.

Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default specified above, exercisable through the delivery of written notice to the Borrower by such Holders (the “Default Notice”) the Note shall become immediately due and payable and the Borrower shall pay to the Holder, in full satisfaction of its obligations hereunder, an amount equal to (x) the then outstanding principal amount of this Note plus (y) accrued and unpaid interest on the unpaid principal amount of this Note to the date of payment on the amounts referred to in clauses (x) and/or (y) plus (z) any amounts owed to the Holder pursuant to Sections 1.3 and 1.4(f) hereof (the then outstanding principal amount of this Note to the date of payment plus the amounts referred to in clauses (x), (y) and (z) shall collectively be known as the “Default Amount”). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, upon delivery by the Holder to the Borrower of a Default Notice (as defined herein) setting forth the Event of Default under the Note, at the sole option of the Holder the Default Conversion Price (as defined below) can be used by the Holder as the Conversion Price, at any time, and from time to time, thereafter while the Note remains outstanding. The “Default Conversion Price” shall mean $0.01 per share.

The Holder shall have the right at any time, to require the Borrower to immediately issue, in lieu of the Default Amount, the number of shares of Common Stock of the Borrower equal to the Default Amount divided by the Conversion Price then in effect, subject to the terms of this Note. This requirement by the Borrower shall automatically apply upon the occurrence of an Event of Default without the need for any party to give any notice or take any other action.

If the Holder shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of this Note, including, without limitation, engaging an attorney, then if the Holder prevails in such action, the Holder shall be reimbursed by the Borrower for its attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred in the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.

ARTICLE IV
MISCELLANEOUS

4.1 Failure or Indulgence Not Waiver. No failure or delay on the part of the Holder in the exercise of any power, right or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privileges. All rights and remedies existing hereunder are cumulative to, and not exclusive of, any rights or remedies otherwise available.

4.2 Notices. All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be delivered as contemplated by the notice provisions under Section 9(g) of the Purchase Agreement.

4.3 Amendments. This Note and any provision hereof may only be amended by an instrument in writing signed by the Borrower and the Holder.

4.4 Assignability. This Note shall be binding upon the Borrower and its successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of the Holder and its successors and assigns. The Borrower shall not assign this Note or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Holder. Notwithstanding anything in this Note to the contrary, (i) this Note may be pledged as collateral in connection with a bonafide margin account or other lending arrangement, and (ii) the Holder may assign this Note and any rights hereunder without the prior written consent of the Borrower. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Note, acknowledge and agree that following conversion of a portion of this Note, the unpaid and unconverted principal amount of this Note represented by this Note may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.

4.5 Cost of Collection. If default is made in the payment of this Note, the Borrower shall pay the Holder hereof reasonable costs of collection, including reasonable attorneys’ fees.

4.6 Governing Law; Dispute Resolution. This Note shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the principles of conflicts of law. THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY WAIVE A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY EITHER OF THE PARTIES HERETO AGAINST THE OTHER IN RESPECT OF ANY MATTER ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS NOTE. Any dispute, controversy, difference or claim that may arise between the Company and the Holder in connection with this Note; and all claims arising out of or relating to the validity, construction, interpretation, enforceability, breach, performance, application or termination of this Note, shall be submitted to binding arbitration governed by the rules of the American Arbitration Association. The seat of the arbitration shall be in the State and County of New York. There shall be only one arbitrator selected in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be conducted in English and may be conducted in a virtual setting. The arbitrator’s decision shall be final and binding and judgment may be entered thereon. Provided a party has made a sufficient showing under applicable law, the arbitrator shall have the freedom to invoke, and the parties agree to abide by, injunctive measures that either party submits in writing for arbitration claims requiring immediate relief. Additionally, nothing in this Section shall preclude either party from seeking equitable relief or interim or provisional relief from a court of competent jurisdiction, including a temporary restraining order, preliminary injunction or other equitable relief, concerning a dispute either prior to or during arbitration if necessary to protect the interests of such party or to preserve the status quo pending the arbitration proceeding. Each side must bear its own costs and legal fees during the pendency of the arbitration. A party’s failure to pay any costs or fees required to proceed in the arbitration, as they timely come due, shall result in an immediate default against that party. The prevailing party in the arbitration shall be entitled to recoup all its reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs from the nonprevailing, including, without limitation, all of its costs relating to the arbitration. The arbitrator’s final award shall include this assessment of costs and fees.

4.7 Certain Amounts. Whenever pursuant to this Note the Borrower is required to pay an amount in excess of the outstanding principal amount (or the portion thereof required to be paid at that time) plus accrued and unpaid interest, the Borrower and the Holder agree that the actual damages to the Holder from the receipt of cash payment on this Note may be difficult to determine and the amount to be so paid by the Borrower represents stipulated damages and not a penalty.

4.8 Purchase Agreement. By its acceptance of this Note, each party agrees to be bound by the applicable terms of the Purchase Agreement.

4.9 Notice of Corporate Events. Except as otherwise provided in this Note, the Holder of this Note shall have no rights as a Holder of Common Stock unless and only to the extent that it converts this Note into Common Stock. The Borrower shall provide the Holder with prior notification of any meeting of the Borrower’s shareholders (and copies of proxy materials and other information sent to shareholders). In the event of any taking by the Borrower of a record of its shareholders for the purpose of determining shareholders who are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution, any right to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire (including by way of merger, consolidation, reclassification or recapitalization) any share of any class or any other securities or property, or to receive any other right, or for the purpose of determining shareholders who are entitled to vote in connection with any proposed sale, lease or conveyance of all or substantially all of the assets of the Borrower or any proposed liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Borrower, the Borrower shall mail a notice to the Holder, at least twenty (20) days prior to the record date specified therein (or thirty (30) days prior to the consummation of the transaction or event, whichever is earlier), of the date on which any such record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, right or other event, and a brief statement regarding the amount and character of such dividend, distribution, right or other event to the extent known at such time. The Borrower shall make a public announcement of any event requiring notification to the Holder hereunder substantially simultaneously with the notification to the Holder in accordance with the terms of this Section 4.9 including, but not limited to, name changes, recapitalizations, etc. as soon as possible under law.

4.10 Usury. If it shall be found that any interest or other amount deemed interest due hereunder violates the applicable law governing usury, the applicable provision shall automatically be revised to equal the maximum rate of interest or other amount deemed interest permitted under applicable law. The Borrower covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not seek to claim or take advantage of any usury law that would prohibit or forgive the Borrower from paying all or a portion of the principal or interest on this Note.

4.11 Remedies. The Borrower acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder, by vitiating the intent and purpose of the transaction contemplated hereby. Accordingly, the Borrower acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Note will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Borrower of the provisions of this Note, that the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies at law or in equity, and in addition to the penalties assessable herein, to an injunction or injunctions restraining, preventing or curing any breach of this Note and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions thereof, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. No provision of this Note shall alter or impair the obligation of the Borrower, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, and interest on, this Note at the time, place, and rate, and in the form, herein prescribed.

4.12 Severability. In the event that any provision of this Note is invalid or unenforceable under any applicable statute or rule of law, then such provision shall be deemed inoperative to the extent that it may conflict therewith and shall be deemed modified to conform with such statute or rule of law. Any provision hereof which may prove invalid or unenforceable under any law shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof.

4.13 Terms of Future Financings. So long as this Note is outstanding, upon any issuance by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of any security with any term more favorable to the holder of such security or with a term (including without limitation any Conversion Price) in favor of the holder of such security that was not similarly provided to the Holder in this Note (other than a future financing with the Holder), then the Borrower shall notify the Holder of such additional or more favorable term and such term, at Holder’s option, shall become a part of the Transaction Documents with the Holder. The types of terms contained in another security that may be more favorable to the holder of such security include, but are not limited to, terms addressing conversion discounts, prepayment rate, conversion lookback periods, interest rates, original issue discounts, stock sale price, private placement price per share, and warrant coverage.

*** signature page follows ***

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Borrower has caused this Note to be signed in its name by its duly authorized officer as of the Issue Date.

	COMPANY:

	OSR Holdings, Inc.

	By:	/s/ Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Name:	Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Title:	CEO

Acknowledged and Accepted by:

HOLDER:

White Lion Capital, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund

By:	/s/ Yash Thukral
Name:	Yash Thukral
Title:	Managing Director

EXHIBIT A

NOTICE OF CONVERSION

The undersigned hereby elects to convert $_______________ principal amount of the Note (defined below) together with $________________ of accrued and unpaid interest thereto, totaling $_____________ into that number of shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the conversion of the Note (“Common Stock”) as set forth below, of OSR Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Borrower”), according to the conditions of the senior secured convertible note of the Borrower dated as of May 6, 2025 (the “Note”), as of the date written below. No fee will be charged to the Holder for any conversion, except for transfer taxes, if any.

Box Checked as to applicable instructions:

☐

The Borrower shall electronically transmit the Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Notice of Conversion to the account of the undersigned or its nominee with DTC through its Deposit Withdrawal At Custodian system (“DWAC Transfer”).

Name of DTC Prime Broker: ___________________________________________________________

Account Number: __________________________________________________________________

☐

The undersigned hereby requests that the Borrower issue a certificate or certificates for the number of shares of Common Stock set forth below (which numbers are based on the Holder’s calculation attached hereto) in the name(s) specified immediately below or, if additional space is necessary, on an attachment hereto:

Name: [NAME]

Address: [ADDRESS]

Date of Conversion: _________________________________

Applicable Conversion Price: $__________________________

Number of Shares of Common Stock to be Issued

Pursuant to Conversion of the Notes: ____________________

Amount of Principal Balance Due remaining

Under the Note after this conversion: ______________________

Accrued and unpaid interest remaining: ____________________

[HOLDER]

	By:
	Name:	[NAME]
	Title:	[TITLE]
	Date:	[DATE]

EX-10.3 4 ea024239301ex10-3_osrhold.htm COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT, ISSUED MAY 6, 2025, BY OSR HOLDINGS, INC TO WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC

Exhibit 10.3

NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.

COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

Warrant Shares: $4,000,000

Initial Exercise Date: May 6, 2025

THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC, DBA WHITE LION GBM INNOVATION FUND or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and until the earlier of the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date or until this Warrant is exercised in full (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from OSR HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), up to the Available Share Amount (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock. The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b).

Section 1. Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Warrant, the following terms have the meanings indicated in this Section 1:

“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.

“Available Share Amount” means up to $4,000,000 of shares of Common Stock, meaning that this Warrant shall be exercisable for up to such number of shares of Common Stock equal to $4,000,000 in the aggregate with Warrant Shares valued upon each exercise hereunder (as such amount of shares may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant, and as with respect to changes in the Exercise Price). By way of example, the Holder shall have the right to purchase up to 800,000 shares of Common Stock if the Exercise Price is $5.00 per share on any given day and no exercises have been executed, but if the Exercise Price is $4.00 per share on the following day, the Holder would have the right to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock as of such day if no exercise had been previously executed.

“Bid Price” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.

“Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of Los Angeles, California are authorized or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee” or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally are open for use by customers on such day.

“Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Common Stock” means the Common Stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.

“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Company and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.

“Trading Day” means a day on which the Common Stock is traded on a Trading Market.

“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market or the New York Stock Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).

“Transfer Agent” means the transfer agent of the Company as of the Initial Exercise Date, or such other Person who is then serving as the transfer agent for the Company in respect of the Common Stock.

“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the reasonable and documented fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.

“Warrant” means this Warrant.

Section 2. Exercise.

(a) Exercise of Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed copy submitted by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto (the “Notice of Exercise”). Within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver to the Company the aggregate Exercise Price for the Warrant Shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. With respect to any Notice(s) of Exercise delivered on or prior to 8:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the business day prior to the Initial Exercise Date the Company agrees to deliver the Warrant Shares subject to such notice(s) by 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Initial Exercise Date and the Initial Exercise Date shall be the Warrant Share Delivery Date for purposes hereunder, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received by such Warrant Share Delivery Date. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this Section 2(a), following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the Available Share Amount of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the Available Share Amount stated set forth above.

(b) Exercise Price. The exercise price per Warrant Share under this Warrant shall be $1.5841, subject to adjustment hereunder (the “Exercise Price”).

(c) Cashless Exercise. If at the time of exercise hereof there is no effective registration statement registering, or the prospectus contained therein is not available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder, then this Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B)*(X)] by (A), where:

(A)

the highest traded price of the common stock the thirty days prior to the applicable Notice of Exercise.

(B)

the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and

(X)

the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.

If Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).

(d)

Mechanics of Exercise.

(i) Delivery of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system if the Company’s transfer agent is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is the earliest of (i) two (2) Trading Days after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise, (ii) one (1) Trading Day after delivery of the aggregate Exercise Price to the Company and (iii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received within the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, $1,000 per Trading Day for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise. The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise.

1	Equal to 120% of the closing price on the Initial Exercise Date.

(ii) Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical with this Warrant.

(iii) Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise by delivering written notice to the Company at any time prior to the delivery of such Warrant Shares.

(iv) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date (other than any such failure that is solely due to any action or inaction by the Holder with respect to such exercise), and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases for the Holder shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

(v) No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.

(vi) Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided, however, that, in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.

(vii) Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.

(e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination and shall have no liability for exercises of this Warrant that are not in compliance with the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, provided this limitation of liability shall not apply if the Holder has detrimentally relied on outstanding share information provided by the Company or the Transfer Agent. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination and shall have no liability for exercises of the Warrant that are not in compliance with the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, except to the extent the Holder relies on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock that was provided by the Company. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing or by electronic mail to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this Section 2(e) shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.

Section 3. Certain Adjustments.

(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.

(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, the Company sells or grants any option to purchase or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of, or issues (or announces any sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition), any Common Stock, or Common Stock Equivalents entitling any Person to acquire shares of Common Stock, at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Exercise Price (such lower price, the “Base Exercise Price” and such issuances, collectively, a “Dilutive Issuance”) (if the holder of the Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents so issued shall at any time, whether by operation of purchase price adjustments, reset provisions, floating conversion, exercise or exchange prices or otherwise, or due to warrants, options or rights per share which are issued in connection with such issuance, be entitled to receive shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Exercise Price, such issuance shall be deemed to have occurred for less than the Exercise Price on such date of the Dilutive Issuance), then the Exercise Price shall be reduced to equal the Base Exercise Price. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued. The Company shall notify the Holder in writing, no later than the Trading Day following the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents subject to this Section 3(b), indicating therein the applicable issuance price, or applicable reset price, exchange price, exercise price, conversion price and other pricing terms (such notice, the “Dilutive Issuance Notice”). For purposes of clarification, whether or not the Company provides a Dilutive Issuance Notice pursuant to this Section 3(b), upon the occurrence of any Dilutive Issuance, the Holder is entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares based upon the Base Exercise Price on or after the date of such Dilutive Issuance, regardless of whether the Holder accurately refers to the Base Exercise Price in the Notice of Exercise.

(c) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).

(d) Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, upon the exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, that, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).

(e) Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company (and all of its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole), directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination)(each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.

(f) Failure to Approve Issuances. In the event that the Company fails to obtain stockholder approval of this Warrant, or stockholder approval of any other of the agreements or instruments entered into between the Company and the Holder, by June 30, 2025, for the issuance of Common Stock in excess of 20% of the voting power and number of shares (as contemplated by NASDAQ rule 5635 and otherwise) of the Company under the Warrant and such agreements and instruments, the same will constitute a breach and default under this Warrant, and the Exercise Price shall be immediately adjusted to

$0.01 at the sole election of the Holder.

(g) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.

(h) Notice to Holder.

(i) Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.

(ii) If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 10 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to mail such notice or any defect therein or in the mailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice required by this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file the material terms of such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.

(iii) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 3(a) through 3(g) above, whenever any event requiring an adjustment to the Exercise Price or the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall occur prior to the date on which the Exercise Price or the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be determined pursuant to the terms of this Warrant, such adjustment shall be effected upon the determination of the Exercise Price or number of shares, as the case may be, and any notice thereof to the Holder required by Section 3(g) shall thereafter be promptly provided to the Holder pursuant to Section 3(g).

Section 4. Transfer of Warrant.

(a) Transferability. Subject to compliance with any applicable securities laws, and the conditions set forth in Section 4(d) hereof, this Warrant and all rights hereunder are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to the Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.

(b) New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.

(c) Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.

(d) Transfer Restrictions. If, at the time of the surrender of this Warrant in connection with any transfer of this Warrant, the transfer of this Warrant shall not be either (i) registered pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and under applicable state securities or blue sky laws or (ii) eligible for resale without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or current public information requirements pursuant to Rule 144, the Company may require, as a condition of allowing such transfer, that the Holder or transferee of this Warrant, as the case may be, make usual and customary representations as to investment intent to the Company.

(e) Representation by the Holder. The Holder, by the acceptance hereof, represents and warrants that it is acquiring this Warrant and, upon any exercise hereof, will acquire the Warrant Shares issuable upon such exercise, for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Warrant Shares or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, except pursuant to sales registered or exempted under the Securities Act.

Section 5. Miscellaneous.

(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly set forth in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant to Section 2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i), Section 2(d)(iv) and Section 2(d)(v) herein, in no event shall the Company be required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant.

(b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant, shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.

(c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.

(d) Authorized Shares.

(i) The Company covenants that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock five times (5x) the amount of shares issuable under this Warrant to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with the duty of issuing the necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).

(ii) Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant, and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.

(iii) Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.

(e) Jurisdiction. This Warrant shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the principles of conflicts of law. THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY WAIVE A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY EITHER OF THE PARTIES HERETO AGAINST THE OTHER IN RESPECT OF ANY MATTER ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS WARRANT. Any dispute, controversy, difference or claim that may arise between the Company and the Holder in connection with this Warrant; and all claims arising out of or relating to the validity, construction, interpretation, enforceability, breach, performance, application or termination of this Warrant, shall be submitted to binding arbitration governed by the rules of the American Arbitration Association. The seat of the arbitration shall be in the State and County of New York. There shall be only one arbitrator selected in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be conducted in English and may be conducted in a virtual setting. The arbitrator’s decision shall be final and binding and judgment may be entered thereon. Provided a party has made a sufficient showing under applicable law, the arbitrator shall have the freedom to invoke, and the parties agree to abide by, injunctive measures that either party submits in writing for arbitration claims requiring immediate relief. Additionally, nothing in this Section shall preclude either party from seeking equitable relief or interim or provisional relief from a court of competent jurisdiction, including a temporary restraining order, preliminary injunction or other equitable relief, concerning a dispute either prior to or during arbitration if necessary to protect the interests of such party or to preserve the status quo pending the arbitration proceeding. Each side must bear its own costs and legal fees during the pendency of the arbitration. A party’s failure to pay any costs or fees required to proceed in the arbitration, as they timely come due, shall result in an immediate default against that party. The prevailing party in the arbitration shall be entitled to recoup all its reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs from the nonprevailing, including, without limitation, all of its costs relating to the arbitration. The arbitrator’s final award shall include this assessment of costs and fees..

(f) Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered and if the Holder does not utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.

(g) Nonwaiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies, notwithstanding the fact that all rights hereunder terminate on the Termination Date. If the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.

(h) Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.

(i) Notices. Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the either party to the other shall be delivered in by recognized overnight courier, facsimile or email as follows:

If to the Holder:

White Lion Capital, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund
21031 Ventura Blvd #920

Woodland Hills, CA 91364

Attn: Yash Thukral, Managing Director
E-mail: team@whitelioncapital.com

With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice or service of process):

Greenberg Traurig, P.A.

333 S.E. 2nd Avenue, Suite 4400

Miami, Florida 33131

	Attention:	John D. Owens, III, Esq.
	E-mail:	jo@gtlaw.com

If to the Company:

OSR Holdings, Inc.

10900 NE 4th Street, Suite 2300
Bellevue, WA

Attn: Kuk Hyoun Hwang, CEO

E-mail: peter.hwang@osr-holdings.com

(j) Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.

(k) Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.

(l) Amendment. No provision of this Warrant may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Holder. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Warrant shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.

(m) Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.

(n) Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.

(o) Electronic Signatures. Electronically scanned and transmitted signatures, including by email attachment, shall be deemed originals for all purposes of this Warrant.

********************

(Signature Page Follows)

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.

	OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

	By:	/s/ Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Name:	Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer

Acknowledged and accepted by the Holder:

WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC, DBA WHITE LION GBM INNOVATION FUND

By:	/s/ Yash Thukral
Name:	Yash Thukral
Title:	Managing Director

NOTICE OF EXERCISE

TO: OSR HOLDINGS, INC.

(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase _______________ Warrant Shares of the Company (constituting ______________ of the Available Share Amount) pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.

(2) Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):

☐ in lawful money of the United States; or

☐ if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).

(3) (Optional) If the exercise is being done cashlessly, the net number of shares to be received is _________________________.

(4) Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified: ______________________________________________________________________________________

(5) The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the undersigned’s account with the following transfer agent: ______________________________________________________________________________________

[SIGNATURE OF HOLDER]

Name of Investing Entity: ____________________________________________________________

Signature of Authorized

Signatory of Investing Entity: _________________________________________________________

Name of Authorized Signatory: _________________________________________________________

Title of Authorized Signatory: __________________________________________________________ FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to

Date: _____________________________________________________________________________

ASSIGNMENT FORM

(To assign the foregoing Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)

Name:
		(Please Print)

Address:
		(Please Print)

Phone Number:
Email Address:
Dated:

Holder’s Signature: _________________________________

Holder’s Address: __________________________________

EX-10.4 5 ea024239301ex10-4_osrhold.htm AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT, BETWEEN OSR HOLDINGS, INC. AND WHITE LION CAPITAL LLC

Exhibit 10.4

AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
OSR HOLDINGS INC.
AND
WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC,
DBA WHITE LION GBM INNOVATION FUND

THIS AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”), effective May 6, 2025 (the “Amendment Effective Date”), is by and between OSR Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and White Lion Capital, LLC, dba White Lion GBM Innovation Fund, a Nevada limited liability company (the “Investor”), and amends the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated February 25, 2025, by and between the Company and the Investor (the “Agreement”). All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, the mutual covenants contained herein, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

Amendments to Article VI.

Sections 6.3 and 6.4 of Article VI of the Agreement are hereby amended and restated in their entirety as follows as of the Amendment Effective Date:

Section 6.3 FILING OF REGISTRATION STATEMENT. The Company shall file with the SEC, within thirty (30) days after the closing of the Business Combination, a new Registration Statement on Form S-1 (the “Registration Statement”) in compliance with the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, covering only the resale of the Resale Securities by the Investor. The Registration Statement shall relate to the transactions contemplated by, and describing the material terms and conditions of, this Agreement and disclosing all information relating to the transactions contemplated hereby required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement and the prospectus supplement as of the date of the Registration Statement, including, without limitation, information required to be disclosed in the section captioned “Plan of Distribution” in the Registration Statement. The Company shall permit the Investor to review and comment upon the Registration Statement within a reasonable time prior to its filing with the SEC, the Company shall give reasonable consideration to all such comments, and the Company shall not file the Current Report or the Registration Statement with the SEC in a form to which the Investor reasonably objects. The Investor shall furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Company’s securities beneficially owned by the Investor and the intended method of distribution thereof, including any arrangement between the Investor and any other person or relating to the sale or distribution of the Company’s securities, as shall be reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of the Current Report and the Registration Statement, and shall otherwise cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of the Current Report and the Registration Statement with the SEC. The Company shall have no knowledge of any untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) of a material fact or omission (or alleged omission) of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, in any pre-existing registration statement filed or any new registration statement or prospectus which is a part of the foregoing. The Company shall promptly give the Investor notice of any event (including the passage of time) which makes the final prospectus not to be in compliance with Section 5(b) or 10 of the Securities Act and shall use its best efforts thereafter to file with the SEC any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, amended prospectus or prospectus supplement in order to comply with Section 5(b) or 10 of the Securities Act.

Section 6.4 COMMITMENT SHARES. In consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of, and agreement to perform under this Agreement, the Company shall (i) cause the Transfer Agent to issue an amount of shares of Common Stock equal to $800,000 divided by the closing price of the Common Stock on the Commitment Shares Determination Date (the “Initial Commitment Shares”) and (ii) issue to the Investor the Warrant to purchase $4,000,000 of shares of Common Stock, to the Investor as a commitment fee. The Initial Commitment Shares and the Warrant Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Warrant are collectively referred to herein as the “Commitment Shares”. For the avoidance of doubt, all of the Initial Commitment Shares and the Warrant shall be fully earned as of the Execution Date, and the issuance of the Initial Commitment Shares and the Warrant is not contingent upon any other event or condition, including, without limitation, the Company’s submission of a Purchase Notice to the Investor, the filing of a Registration Statement, and irrespective of any termination of this Agreement. The Company shall include on the Registration Statement filed with the SEC, all Commitment Shares. In the event that the Company does not promptly issue the Initial Commitment Shares to the Investor within at least two (2) Business Days after the Commitment Shares Determination Date, or the Warrant to the Investor on May 6, 2025, or if the Company fails to include all of the Commitment Shares on the initial Registration Statement filed with the SEC, in addition to all other remedies at law or in equity or otherwise under this Agreement, the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Investor liquidated damages of $800,000, being immediately due and payable to the Investor at its election in the form of cash payment.

Amendments to Article I.

The following terms shall be added to Article I of the Agreement as of the Amendment Effective Date:

“Resale Securities” shall mean the Purchase Notice Shares issued to the Investor by the Company pursuant to this Agreement, the Warrant Shares and the Commitment Shares.

“Warrant” shall mean that Common Stock Purchase Warrant issued by the Company to the Investor on May 6, 2025, the form of which is attached here to as Exhibit E.

“Warrant Shares” shall mean those shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant.

The following terms in Article I of the Agreement shall be amended and restated as follows as of the Amendment Effective Date:

“Securities” mean the Purchase Notice Shares issued to the Investor by the Company pursuant to this Agreement, the Commitment Shares, the Warrant Shares and the Warrant.

“Transaction Documents” shall mean this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Warrant and all schedules and exhibits hereto and thereto.

Amendment to Section 10.14.

Section 10.14 of the Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows as of the Amendment Effective Date:

Section 10.14 AMENDMENTS; WAIVERS. (i) No provision of this Agreement may be amended other than by a written instrument signed by both parties hereto and (ii) no provision of this Agreement may be waived other than in a written instrument signed by the party against whom enforcement of such waiver is sought. No failure or delay in the exercise of any power, right or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privilege.

Amendment to Exhibits.

Exhibit A attached hereto shall be added as Exhibit E to the Agreement.

5. Representations and Warranties. Each of the Investor and the Company represents and warrants that it has the authority and legal right to execute, deliver and carry out the terms of this Amendment, that such actions were duly authorized by all necessary entity action and that the officers executing this Amendment on its behalf were similarly authorized and empowered and that this Amendment does not contravene any provisions of its articles of incorporation, bylaws, certificate of formation, limited liability company agreement or other formation documents, as applicable, or of any contract or agreement to which it is a party or by which any of its properties are bound.

Miscellaneous.

(a)

Except as modified by this Amendment, the Agreement continues in full force and effect in accordance with its terms.

(b) This Amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York as set forth in Section 10.1 of the Agreement and the dispute resolution provisions set forth in Section 10.16 of the Agreement.

(c) This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts and by electronic transmission (which shall bind the parties hereto), each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

** signature page follows **

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by their respective authorized officer as of the Amendment Effective Date.

	OSR HOLDINGS INC.

	By:	/s/ Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Name:	Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer

	WHITE LION CAPITAL, LLC
	DBA/ WHITE LION GBM INNOVATION FUND

	By:	/s/ Yash Thukral
	Name:	Yash Thukral
	Title:	Managing Director

Exhibit A

EXHIBIT E

FORM OF WARRANT

EX-31.1 6 ea024239301ex31-1_osrhold.htm CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

OR RULE 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Kuk Hyoun Hwang, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of OSR Holdings, Inc.;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 20, 2025	By:	/s/ Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Name:	Kuk Hyoun Hwang
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2 7 ea024239301ex31-2_osrhold.htm CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

OR RULE 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Gihyoun Bang, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of OSR Holdings, Inc.;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 20, 2025	By:	/s/ Gihyoun Bang
	Name:	Gihyoun Bang
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1 8 ea024239301ex32-1_osrhold.htm CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of OSR Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Kuk Hyoun Hwang, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to my knowledge, that:

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 20, 2025	By:	/s/ Kuk Hyoun Hwang
		Kuk Hyoun Hwang
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

This Certification is being furnished solely to accompany the Report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and shall not be deemed “filed” by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Report, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EX-32.2 9 ea024239301ex32-2_osrhold.htm CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of OSR Holdings Incorporated (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Gihyoun Bang, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to my knowledge, that:

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 20, 2025	By:	/s/ Gihyoun Bang
		Gihyoun Bang
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)