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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): September 19, 2025
Equillium, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
| Delaware | 001-38692 | 82-1554746 | ||
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation) |
(Commission File Number) |
(IRS Employer Identification No.) |
| 2223 Avenida de la Playa | ||
| Suite 105 | ||
| La Jolla, California | 92037 | |
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (858) 412-5302
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
| ☐ | Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |
| ☐ | Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |
| ☐ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) |
| ☐ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Trading |
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| Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share | EQ | Nasdaq Capital Market |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
| Item 8.01 | Other Events. |
On September 19, 2025, Equillium, Inc. (the “Company”) filed a prospectus supplement (the “Prospectus Supplement”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for the offer and sale of shares of its common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $75,000,000 (the “Shares”), pursuant to that certain Open Market Sale Agreement, dated October 5, 2023, as amended August 3, 2025, by and between the Company and LifeSci Capital LLC (the “Sales Agreement”). The Prospectus Supplement amends and supplements the information in the prospectus dated January 18, 2023 (the “Prior Prospectus”), as previously amended and supplemented by the prospectus supplements, dated October 5, 2023 and February 23, 2024 (together with the Prior Prospectus, the “ATM Prospectus”), relating to the offer and sale of up to $21,950,000 of shares of the Company’s common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement, filed with the SEC as a supplement to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-269153). The Prospectus Supplement should be read in conjunction with the ATM Prospectus, and is qualified by reference thereto, except to the extent that the information therein amends or supersedes the information contained in the ATM Prospectus. The Prospectus Supplement is not complete without and may only be delivered or utilized in connection with, the ATM Prospectus and any future amendments or supplements thereto. The Company has previously sold 1,719,485 shares of its common stock for aggregate gross proceeds of $0.96 million under the Sales Agreement. A copy of the opinion of Cooley LLP relating to the validity of the Shares is attached as Exhibit 5.1 hereto.
| Item 9.01 | Financial Statements and Exhibits. |
(d) Exhibits
| Exhibit Number |
Description | |
| 5.1 | Opinion of Cooley LLP | |
| 23.1 | Consent of Cooley LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1) | |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the inline XBRL document) | |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| Equillium, Inc. | ||||||
| Dated: September 19, 2025 | By: | /s/ Bruce D. Steel |
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| Bruce D. Steel | ||||||
| President and Chief Executive Officer | ||||||
Exhibit 5.1
Thomas A. Coll
+1 858 550 6013
collta@cooley.com
September 19, 2025
Equillium, Inc.
2223 Avenida de la Playa, Suite 105
La Jolla, CA 92037
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to Equillium, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the offering by the Company of shares (the “Shares”) of its common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), having aggregate offering price of up to $75,000,000 pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-269153) (the “Registration Statement”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the prospectus included in the Registration Statement (the “Base Prospectus”), and the prospectus supplement relating to the Shares to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (together with the Base Prospectus, the “Prospectus”). The Shares are to be sold by the Company in accordance with that certain Open Market Sale Agreement, dated October 5, 2023, as amended August 3, 2025 by and between the Company and LifeSci Capital LLC (the “Agreement”), as described in the Prospectus.
In connection with this opinion, we have examined and relied upon (a) the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (b) the Agreement, (c) the Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each as currently in effect, and (d) such other records, documents, opinions, certificates, memoranda and instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate to enable us to render the opinion expressed below. We have assumed the genuineness of all signatures; the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals; the conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as copies; the accuracy, completeness and authenticity of certificates of public officials; and the due authorization, execution and delivery of all documents by all persons other than the Company. As to certain factual matters, we have relied upon a certificate of an officer of the Company and have not independently verified such matters.
We have assumed (i) that each sale of Shares will be duly authorized by the Board of Directors of the Company, a duly authorized committee thereof or a person or body pursuant to an authorization granted in accordance with Section 152 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), (ii) that no more than 40,000,000 Shares will be sold under the Agreement pursuant to the Prospectus and (iii) that the price at which the Shares are sold will equal or exceed the par value of the Shares. We express no opinion to the extent that future issuances of securities of the Company, anti-dilution adjustments to outstanding securities of the Company or other matters cause the number of shares of Common Stock issuable under the Agreement to exceed the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance by the Company.
Cooley LLP 10265 Science Center Drive San Diego, CA 92121-1117
t: (858) 550-6000 f: (858) 550-6420 cooley.com
Page Two
Our opinion is expressed solely with respect to the DGCL. We express no opinion to the extent that any other laws are applicable to the subject matter hereof and express no opinion and provide no assurance as to compliance with any federal or state securities law, rule or regulation.
On the basis of the foregoing, in reliance thereon and subject to the assumptions, qualifications, limitations and exceptions set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when sold and issued against payment therefor in accordance with the Agreement, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
This opinion is limited to the matters expressly set forth in this letter, and no opinion has been or should be implied, or may be inferred, beyond the matters expressly stated. This opinion speaks only as to law and facts in effect or existing as of the date hereof, and we have no obligation or responsibility to update or supplement this letter to reflect any facts or circumstances that may hereafter come to our attention or any changes in law that may hereafter occur.
We consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus and to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K to be filed with the Commission for incorporation by reference into the Registration Statement. In giving such consents, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
Sincerely,
COOLEY LLP
| By: | /s/ Thomas A. Coll |
|
| Thomas A. Coll |
Cooley LLP 10265 Science Center Drive San Diego, CA 92121-1117
t: (858) 550-6000 f: (858) 550-6420 cooley.com