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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
___________________________________
FORM 8-K
___________________________________
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): August 7, 2025
___________________________________
Power Solutions International, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
___________________________________

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation)
001-35944
(Commission File Number)
33-0963637
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
201 Mittel Drive Wood Dale, Illinois 60191
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (630) 350-9400
___________________________________
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
         Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share PSIX Nasdaq Stock Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company    ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐




Item 7.01 - Regulation FD Disclosure
On August 7, 2025, Power Solutions International, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing second quarter 2025 financial results and containing its outlook for 2025.
In accordance with General Instruction B.2. of Form 8-K, the information contained under Item 2.02 in this Current Report on Form 8-K, including Exhibit 99.1, is being furnished and shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, and will not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
Item 9.01 - Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d): The following exhibits are being filed herewith:

Exhibit No. Description
99.1
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)








SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized on this 7th day of August, 2025.


POWER SOLUTIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
By:
/s/ Xun Li
Xun Li
Chief Financial Officer



EX-99.1 2 psiearningsrelease-june302.htm EX-99.1 Document
Exhibit 99.1
psilogo.jpg

Power Solutions International Announces Record Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results
Quarter Sales of $191.9 million, up 74% from a year earlier,
Quarter Net Income of $51.2 million, up 138% from a year earlier,
Diluted EPS $2.22 for the Quarter, up 136% from a year earlier,
Resolution of going concern with $29.2 million net income and $1.27 EPS impact,
Reduced debt $15.0 million for the Quarter

WOOD DALE, Ill., August 7, 2025 – Power Solutions International, Inc. (the “Company” or “PSI”) (Nasdaq: PSIX), a leader in the design, engineering and manufacture of emission-certified engines and power systems, announced its record financial results for the second quarter 2025.
Financial Highlights
($ in millions, except per share amounts) Quarter Ended
June 30, 2025 June 30, 2024 Change
Net Sales $191.9 $110.6 74%
Gross Profit $54.1 $35.2 54%
Net Income $51.2 $21.5 138%
Diluted Earnings per Share $2.22 $0.94 $1.28
Second Quarter 2025 Results
PSI reported record sales and profit for the three months ended June 30, 2025, with sales of $191.9 million, net income of $51.2 million and diluted earnings per share of $2.22, compared to sales of $110.6 million, net income of $21.5 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.94 for the second quarter of 2024. Second quarter 2025 adjusted net income was $51.8 million, compared to adjusted net income of $16.6 million for the second quarter of 2024, an increase of 213%.
Dino Xykis, Chief Executive Officer, commented, “We are very pleased with our second quarter results, which marks the strongest sales and profit performance in our Company’s history. Achieving 74% year-over-year sales growth and 138% increase in net income reflects strong demand for our power systems solutions, the disciplined execution of our strategy, the commitment and dedication of our employees, and favorable tax benefits.
This milestone was achieved despite challenges from shifting tariffs and the complexities of scaling production. Our team responded with cross-functional coordination, operational efficiency, and financial discipline. We remain focused on mitigating tariff-related risks through strategic sourcing, agile supply chain management, and pricing actions to ensure continuity, competitiveness, and long-term value creation for our customers.”



Kenneth Li, Chief Financial Officer, stated, “In June 2025, we were honored to be included in the Russell 3000®, Russell 2000®, and Russell Microcap® indexes, an important milestone that reflects the continued progress we’re making in strengthening our business and delivering value to our customers and shareholders.
During the first six months of 2025, the Company reported net income of $70.3 million, and cash provided by operations of $25.5 million. On July 30, 2025, the Company amended its Revolving Credit Agreement, which extended the maturity date from August 30, 2025, to July 30, 2027 and increased the borrowing capacity to $135.0 million. As the Company has achieved profitability, is generating positive cash flows from operating activities, and has extended the Revolving Credit Agreement, the Company has concluded that its existing cash and cash equivalents and cash from operations will be sufficient for the Company to continue as a going concern for at least twelve months from the issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements. As a result, the Company released a valuation allowance previously recorded against its deferred tax assets, and increased net income and stockholders’ equity $29.2 million from the tax benefits as of June 30, 2025.”
Sales for the second quarter of 2025 were $191.9 million, an increase of $81.3 million, or 74%, compared to the second quarter of 2024, primarily as a result of a sales increase of $83.8 million in the power systems end market, offset by a decrease of $1.6 million and $0.9 million within the industrial and transportation end markets, respectively. This shift in market mix reflects our deliberate strategic focus on higher-growth sectors such as data centers and oil and gas. In particular, we are prioritizing the rapidly expanding data center sector by enhancing our manufacturing capacity and capabilities to meet evolving customer demand. The decline in industrial sales is largely attributable to softer demand in the material handling market.
Gross profit increased by $18.9 million, or 54%, during the second quarter of 2025 as compared to the same period in the prior year. Gross margin in the second quarter of 2025 was 28.2%, a decrease of 3.6% compared to 31.8% in the same period last year. Gross margin was impacted due to strong sales growth in comparatively lower-margin products and temporary inefficiencies related to our accelerated production ramp-up.
Selling, general and administrative expenses of $16.7 million increased during the second quarter of 2025 by $12.2 million, or 269%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The variance reflects a favorable $5.0 million non-recurring legal reserve reduction in 2024, and higher costs associated with employee incentive programs, increased sales and administrative expenses to support ongoing business growth in 2025.
Interest expense was $1.7 million in the second quarter of 2025 as compared to $2.9 million in the same period in the prior year, largely due to reduced outstanding debt and lower overall effective interest rates.
Income tax was a benefit of $20.1 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to an expense of $0.9 million in the same period in the prior year. The change was primarily driven by the release of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets with tax benefit of $29.2 million in the second quarter of 2025.
Net income and diluted earnings per share were $51.2 million and $2.22, respectively, in the second quarter of 2025, compared to $21.5 million and $0.94, respectively, for the second quarter of 2024.
Balance Sheet Update
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents were approximately $49.5 million, while total debt was approximately $96.8 million at June 30, 2025. This compares to cash and cash equivalents of approximately $55.3 million and total debt of approximately $120.2 million at December 31, 2024.



Included in the Company’s total debt at June 30, 2025 were borrowings of $95.0 million under the Revolving Credit Agreement. In the second quarter of 2025, the Company fully repaid the remaining $15.0 million balance under its shareholder loan agreement.
In July, we amended our revolving credit agreement to secure a $135.0 million, two-year committed revolving loan through a syndicate of banks. This refinancing significantly strengthened our capital structure, and with improved financial performance, enabled us to remove substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, release the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, and recognize $29.2 million in additional net income and stockholders’ equity. These impacts were reflected in the Company's second quarter financial statements.
Outlook for 2025
The Company anticipates strong sales growth for 2025 compared to 2024, driven by expected growth in the power systems end market including products supporting data centers, while sales in the industrial and transportation end markets are projected to remain about flat.
About Power Solutions International, Inc. 
Power Solutions International, Inc. (PSI) is a leader in the design, engineering and manufacture of a broad range of advanced, emission-certified engines and power systems. PSI provides integrated turnkey solutions to leading global original equipment manufacturers and end-user customers within the power systems, industrial and transportation end markets. The Company’s unique in-house design, prototyping, engineering and testing capabilities allow PSI to customize clean, high-performance engines using a fuel agnostic strategy to run on a wide variety of fuels, including natural gas, propane, gasoline, diesel and biofuels.
PSI develops and delivers complete power systems that are used worldwide in stationary and mobile power generation applications supporting standby, prime, demand response, and microgrid solutions, as well as products and packages supporting the rapidly growing data center markets. PSI’s industrial end market provides engine and battery powertrain solutions to serve applications such as forklifts, agricultural and turf, arbor care, industrial sweepers, aerial lifts, irrigation pumps, ground support, and construction equipment. PSI’s transportation end market provides engine powertrain solutions to specialized applications such as terminal tractors, port equipment, military vehicles, and other non-road vocational vehicles. For more information on PSI, visit www.psiengines.com.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains forward-looking statements regarding the current expectations of the Company about its prospects and opportunities. These forward-looking statements are entitled to the safe-harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements may involve risks and uncertainties. These statements often include words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “budgeted,” “contemplate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “guidance,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “projection,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” or similar expressions, but these words are not the exclusive means for identifying such statements. These statements are not guarantees of performance or results, and they involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Although the Company believes that these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there are many factors that could affect the Company’s results of operations and liquidity and could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the Company’s forward-looking statements.
The Company cautions that the risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause its actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements include, without limitation: the impact of the macro-economic environment in both the U.S.



and internationally on our business and expectations regarding growth of the industry; uncertainties arising from global events (including the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas conflicts), natural disasters or pandemics, and their impact on material prices; the effects of strategic investments on our operations, including our efforts to expand our global market share and actions taken to increase sales growth; the ability to develop and successfully launch new products; labor costs and other employment-related costs; loss of suppliers and disruptions in the supply of raw materials; the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern; the Company’s ability to raise additional capital when needed and its liquidity; uncertainties around the Company’s ability to meet funding conditions under its financing arrangements and access to capital thereunder; the potential acceleration of the maturity at any time of the loans under the Company’s uncommitted revolving credit agreement through the exercise by any lender of its demand right in its Revolving Credit Agreement; the impact of rising interest rates; changes in economic conditions, including inflationary trends in the price of raw materials; our reliance on information technology and the associated risk involving potential security lapses and/or cyber-attacks; the ability of the Company to accurately forecast sales, and the extent to which sales result in recorded revenues; changes in customer demand for the Company’s products; volatility in oil and gas prices; the impact of U.S. tariffs on imports and exports; the impact of supply chain interruptions and raw material shortages, including compliance disruptions such as the UFLPA delaying goods from China; the potential impact of higher warranty costs and the Company’s ability to mitigate such costs; any delays and challenges in recruiting and retaining key employees consistent with the Company’s plans; the potential effects of damage to our reputation or other adverse consequences if our employees, suppliers, sub-suppliers or other contract parties, agents or business partners violate anti-bribery, competition, export and import, trade sanctions, data privacy, environmental, human rights or other laws; the impact of unanticipated changes in our effective tax rate, the adoption of new tax legislation or exposure to additional income tax liabilities; and the risks and uncertainties described in reports filed by the Company with the SEC, including without limitation its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and the Company’s subsequent filings with the SEC.
The Company’s forward-looking statements are presented as of the date hereof. Except as required by law, the Company expressly disclaims any intention or obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Contact:
Power Solutions International, Inc.
Kenneth Li
Chief Financial Officer
630-284-9719
kli@psiengines.com



Results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED):
(in thousands, except per share amounts) For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
  2025 2024 Change % Change 2025 2024 Change % Change
Net sales
(to related parties $402 and $253 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively, $865 and $453 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively)
  $ 191,907  $ 110,586  $ 81,321  74  % $ 327,353  $ 205,826  $ 121,527  59  %
Cost of sales
(derived from any related party sales $271 and $176 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively, and $587 and $329 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively)
137,824  75,398  62,426  83  % 232,976  144,882  88,094  61  %
Gross profit   54,083  35,188  18,895  54  % 94,377  60,944  33,433  55  %
Gross margin % 28.2  % 31.8  % (3.6) % 28.8  % 29.6  % (0.8) %
Operating expenses:  
Research and development expenses 4,615  4,959  (344) (7) % 8,859  10,156  (1,297) (13) %
Research and development expenses as a % of sales 2.4  % 4.5  % (2.1) % 2.7  % 4.9  % (2.2) %
Selling, general and administrative expenses 16,680  4,520  12,160  269  % 27,789  14,052  13,737  98  %
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a % of sales 8.7  % 4.1  % 4.6  % 8.5  % 6.8  % 1.7  %
Amortization of intangible assets 306  365  (59) (16) % 613  730  (117) (16) %
Total operating expenses 21,601  9,844  11,757  119  % 37,261  24,938  12,323  49  %
Operating income   32,482  25,344  7,138  28  % 57,116  36,006  21,110  59  %
Other expense (income), net:  
Interest expense (from related parties $219 and $2,216 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $634 and $4,438 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively)
  1,700  2,909  (1,209) (42) % 3,466  6,255  (2,789) (45) %
Other expense (income), net (295) —  (295) NM (295) —  (295) NM
Total other expense (income) 1,405  2,909  (1,504) (52) % 3,171  6,255  (3,084) (49) %
Income before income taxes   31,077  22,435  8,642  39  % 53,945  29,751  24,194  81  %
Income tax (benefit) expense   (20,135) 895  (21,030) NM (16,349) 1,096  (17,445) NM
Net income   $ 51,212  $ 21,540  $ 29,672  138  % $ 70,294  $ 28,655  $ 41,639  145  %
Earnings per common share:              
Basic   $ 2.23  $ 0.94  $ 1.29  137  % $ 3.06  $ 1.25  $ 1.81  145  %
Diluted   $ 2.22  $ 0.94  $ 1.28  136  % $ 3.05  $ 1.25  $ 1.80  144  %
Non-GAAP Financial Measures:
Adjusted net income * $ 51,769  $ 16,559  $ 35,210  213  % $ 71,004  $ 23,600  $ 47,404  201  %
Adjusted net income per share – diluted* $ 2.24  $ 0.72  $ 1.52  211  % $ 3.07  $ 1.04  $ 2.03  195  %
EBITDA * $ 34,108  $ 26,662  $ 7,446  28  % $ 60,024  $ 38,641  $ 21,383  55  %
Adjusted EBITDA * $ 34,665  $ 21,681  $ 12,984  60  % $ 60,734  $ 33,586  $ 27,148  81  %

NM    Not meaningful
*    See reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP results below



POWER SOLUTIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par values) As of June 30, 2025 (unaudited) As of December 31, 2024
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 49,459  $ 55,252 
Restricted cash 3,659  3,239 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $1,831 and $1,889 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; (from related parties $623 and $1,383 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)
82,098  68,958 
Income tax receivable —  986 
Inventories, net 148,980  93,872 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 4,218  6,396 
Contract Asset 21,171  21,462 
Other current assets 716  4,170 
Total current assets 310,301  254,335 
Property, plant and equipment, net 21,008  15,406 
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net 46,549  23,275 
Intangible assets, net 1,841  2,454 
Goodwill 29,835  29,835 
Deferred tax assets 25,357  — 
Other noncurrent assets 2,791  2,877 
TOTAL ASSETS $ 437,682  $ 328,182 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable (to related parties $26,592 and $14,427 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)
$ 89,605  $ 58,208 
Current maturities of long-term debt 45  52 
Revolving line of credit 95,000  95,000 
Finance lease liability, current 382  78 
Operating lease liability, current 5,522  4,503 
Other short-term financing (from related parties $25,000 as of December 31, 2024)
—  25,000 
Other accrued liabilities (to related parties $139 and $807 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)
56,311  44,726 
Total current liabilities 246,865  227,567 
Deferred income taxes —  1,568 
Long-term debt, net of current maturities 19  38 
Finance lease liability, long-term 1,396  16 
Operating lease liability, long-term 43,199  20,663 
Noncurrent contract liabilities 1,772  1,877 
Other noncurrent liabilities 8,780  11,203 
TOTAL LIABILITIES $ 302,031  $ 262,932 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock – $0.001 par value; 50,000 shares authorized; 23,117 shares issued; 23,011 and 23,000 shares outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively
23  23 
Additional paid-in capital 157,775  157,561 
Accumulated deficit (21,217) (91,511)
Treasury stock, at cost, 106 and 117 shares at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively
(930) (823)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 135,651  65,250 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $ 437,682  $ 328,182 



POWER SOLUTIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands) For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Cash provided by operating activities
Net income $ 51,212  $ 21,540  $ 70,294  $ 28,655 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of intangible assets 306  365  613  730 
Depreciation 1,025  953  2,000  1,905 
Noncash lease expense 1,026  1,006  2,974  2,940 
Stock-based compensation expense 154  22  307  48 
Amortization of financing fees 166  29  331  273 
Deferred income taxes (26,925) 54  (26,925) 108 
(Credit) for losses in accounts receivable (20) (109) (57) (608)
Increase (decrease) in allowance for inventory obsolescence, net (131) 405  75  1,351 
Other adjustments, net 23  51  56  51 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (462) (14,860) (13,081) 3,327 
Inventories (30,233) (5,052) (49,527) (9,850)
Prepaid expenses (3,020) (2,097) 2,177  (4,269)
Contract assets 6,700  (5,178) 290  (11,152)
Other assets 78  78  3,208  93 
Accounts payable 23,993  (5,883) 31,007  (538)
Income taxes receivable —  119  986  257 
Accrued expenses (3,307) 8,986  5,965  5,458 
Other noncurrent liabilities (422) 1,105  (5,219) (1,615)
Net cash provided by operating activities 20,163  1,534  25,474  17,164 
Cash used in investing activities
Capital expenditures (2,036) (712) (5,439) (1,527)
Proceeds from disposal of assets 11  —  11  — 
Net cash used in investing activities (2,025) (712) (5,428) (1,527)
Cash used in financing activities
Repayment of long-term debt and lease liabilities (121) (51) (219) (102)
(Repayment of) proceeds from short-term financings (15,000) 5,000  (25,000) (10,000)
Payments of deferred financing costs —  13  —  (117)
Repurchases to settle tax withholding obligations for stock-based compensation awards (58) (20) (200) (20)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (15,179) 4,942  (25,419) (10,239)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (541) (4,236) (5,373) 5,398 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of the period 53,659  36,228  58,491  26,594 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of the period $ 53,118  $ 31,992  $ 53,118  $ 31,992 




Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to the results provided in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) above, this press release also includes non-GAAP (adjusted) financial measures. Non-GAAP financial measures provide insight into selected financial information and should be evaluated in the context in which they are presented. These non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information presented in compliance with U.S. GAAP, and non-GAAP financial measures as reported by the Company may not be comparable to similarly titled amounts reported by other companies. The non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, including the related notes, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations within the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025. Management does not use these non-GAAP financial measures for any purpose other than the reasons stated below.
Non-GAAP Financial Measure Comparable GAAP Financial Measure
Adjusted net income Net income
Adjusted net income per share – diluted Net income per share – diluted
EBITDA Net income
Adjusted EBITDA Net income
The Company believes that Adjusted net income, Adjusted net income per share – diluted, EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA provide relevant and useful information, which is widely used by analysts, investors and competitors in its industry as well as by the Company’s management in assessing the performance of the Company. Adjusted net income is defined as net income as adjusted for certain items that the Company believes are not indicative of its ongoing operating performance. Adjusted net income per share – diluted is a measure of the Company’s diluted earnings per common share adjusted for the impact of special items. EBITDA provides the Company with an understanding of earnings before the impact of investing and financing charges and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA further excludes the effects of other non-cash charges and certain other items that do not reflect the ordinary earnings of the Company’s operations.
Adjusted net income, Adjusted net income per share – diluted, EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA are used by management for various purposes, including as a measure of performance of the Company’s operations and as a basis for strategic planning and forecasting. Adjusted net income, Adjusted net income per share – diluted, and Adjusted EBITDA may be useful to an investor because these measures are widely used to evaluate companies’ operating performance without regard to items excluded from the calculation of such measures, which can vary substantially from company to company depending on the accounting methods, the book value of assets, the capital structure and the method by which the assets were acquired, among other factors. They are not, however, intended as alternative measures of operating results or cash flow from operations as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The following table presents a reconciliation from Net income to Adjusted net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (UNAUDITED):
(in thousands) For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2025 2024   2025   2024
Net income $ 51,212  $ 21,540    $ 70,294  $ 28,655 
Stock-based compensation 1
154  22  307  48 
Severance 2
403  —  403  — 
Other legal matters 3
—  (5,003) —  (5,103)
Adjusted net income $ 51,769  $ 16,559  $ 71,004  $ 23,600 



The following table presents a reconciliation from Net income per share – diluted to Adjusted net income per share – diluted for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (UNAUDITED):
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2025 2024   2025   2024
Net income per share – diluted $ 2.22  $ 0.94  $ 3.05  $ 1.25 
Severance 2
0.02  —  0.02  — 
Other legal matters 3
—  (0.22) —  (0.21)
Adjusted net income per share – diluted $ 2.24  $ 0.72  $ 3.07  $ 1.04 
Diluted shares (in thousands) 23,067 22,993 23,064 22,983
The following table presents a reconciliation from Net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (UNAUDITED):
(in thousands) For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2025 2024   2025   2024
Net income $ 51,212  $ 21,540    $ 70,294  $ 28,655 
Interest expense 1,700  2,909    3,466  6,255 
Income tax expense (20,135) 895    (16,349) 1,096 
Depreciation 1,025  953    2,000  1,905 
Amortization of intangible assets 306  365    613  730 
EBITDA 34,108  26,662    60,024  38,641 
Stock-based compensation 1
154  22    307  48 
Severance 2
403  —  403  — 
Other legal matters 3
—  (5,003) —  (5,103)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 34,665  $ 21,681    $ 60,734  $ 33,586 
1.Amounts reflect non-cash stock-based compensation expense and have no material impact on the Adjusted net income per share – diluted for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
2.Amounts include severance expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.
3.Amounts include legal settlements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.