株探米国株
日本語 英語
エドガーで原本を確認する
0000897723 false 0000897723 2022-11-07 2022-11-07 iso4217:USD xbrli:shares iso4217:USD xbrli:shares

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 8-K

 

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

(November 7, 2022)

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported)

 

SANMINA CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   000-21272   77-0228183
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)   (Commission File Number)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification
No.)

 

2700 North First Street

San Jose, California 95134

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

 

(408) 964-3500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

 

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

¨ Pre-commencement communication pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

¨ Pre-commencement communication pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR §230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2).

 

Emerging growth company  ¨

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ¨

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock   SANM   NASDAQ Global Select Market

 

 

 

 


 

ITEM 2.02  RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

On November 7, 2022, Sanmina Corporation (the “Company”) issued the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 announcing unaudited financial results for its fiscal quarter and year ended October 1, 2022.

 

The information set forth in this Item 2.02, including the exhibit hereto, shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section.  In addition, the information in this Item 2.02 shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

 

ITEM 9.01 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS

 

(d) Exhibits.

 

Exhibit No   Description
     
99.1   Press Release issued by Sanmina Corporation on November 7, 2022
104   Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the inline XBRL document)

 

  2  

 

SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report on Form 8-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

  SANMINA CORPORATION
   
  By: /s/ Kurt Adzema
    Kurt Adzema
    Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
   
Date: November 7, 2022  

 

  3  

 

EX-99.1 2 tm2229820d1_ex99-1.htm EXHIBIT 99.1

 

Exhibit 99.1

 

 

FINANCIAL NEWS

 

SANMINA REPORTS FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL FISCAL 2022 FINANCIAL RESULTS

 

San Jose, CA – November 7, 2022. Sanmina Corporation (“Sanmina” or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: SANM), a leading integrated manufacturing solutions company, today reported financial results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year ended October 1, 2022 and outlook for its fiscal first quarter ending December 31, 2022.

 

Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2022 Financial Highlights   Fiscal Year 2022 Financial Highlights
§ Revenue: $2.2 billion   § Revenue: $7.9 billion
§ GAAP operating margin: 5.0%   § GAAP operating margin: 4.7%
§ GAAP diluted EPS: $1.08   § GAAP diluted EPS: $4.06
         
§ Non-GAAP(1) operating margin: 5.6%   § Non-GAAP operating margin: 5.3%
§ Non-GAAP diluted EPS: $1.50   § Non-GAAP diluted EPS: $4.99

 

Additional Highlights
§ Cash flow from operations: Q4 $82 million and FY’22 $331 million
§ Free cash flow: Q4 $34 million and FY’22 $201 million
§ Share repurchases: 535,000 shares for $24 million in Q4 and 8 million shares for $317 million in FY’22
§ Q4 ending cash and cash equivalents: $530 million
§ Q4 non-GAAP pre-tax ROIC: 34.1%

 

(1)  Non-GAAP financial measures exclude charges or gains relating to: stock-based compensation expenses; restructuring costs (including employee severance costs, environmental investigation, remediation and related costs and other charges related to excess facilities and assets); acquisition and integration costs (consisting of costs associated with the acquisition and integration of acquired businesses into our operations); impairment charges for goodwill and other assets; amortization expense; and other unusual or infrequent items (e.g. charges or benefits associated with distressed customers, expenses, charges and recoveries relating to certain legal matters, gains and losses on sales of assets, deferred tax adjustments and discrete tax items). See Schedule 1 below for more information regarding our use of non-GAAP financial measures, including the economic substance behind each exclusion, the manner in which management uses non-GAAP measures to conduct and evaluate the business, the material limitations associated with using such measures and the manner in which management compensates for such limitations. A reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial information contained in this release to their most directly comparable GAAP measures is included in the financial statements furnished with this release.

 

“We are pleased with our financial results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year. Broad-based demand and solid execution were the key drivers to sequential and year-over-year revenue, non-GAAP operating margin and non-GAAP EPS growth,” stated Jure Sola, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Sanmina Corporation. “We continue to see strong demand in our first quarter and expect growth in fiscal 2023 based on our current business and new opportunities.”

 

“We are executing our long-term strategy of expanding our presence in end-markets that require greater technical expertise, complex mission critical end-to-end solutions and embedded resilience that will give us a competitive advantage and further strengthen our financial model,” concluded Sola.

 

First Quarter Fiscal 2023 Outlook

 

The following outlook is for the fiscal first quarter ending December 31, 2022. These statements are forward-looking and actual results may differ materially.

 

§ Revenue between $2.1 billion to $2.2 billion
§ GAAP diluted earnings per share(2) between $1.22 to $1.32
§ Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share(2) between $1.41 to $1.51

 

(2)  Reflects the non-cash reduction in net income of an estimated $2.5 million for partner’s equity interest in the net income of Indian JV.

 

 


 

The statements above concerning our financial outlook for the first quarter and expectations for fiscal year 2023 growth constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in these statements as a result of a number of factors, most notably ongoing supply chain constraints, including those resulting from the continuing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and geopolitical uncertainty, including from the conflict in Ukraine. Other factors that could cause our results to differ from our outlook include adverse changes to the key markets we target; significant uncertainties that can cause our future sales and net income to be variable; reliance on a small number of customers for a substantial portion of our sales; risks arising from our international operations; and the other factors set forth in the Company's annual and quarterly reports filed with the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

 

The Company is under no obligation to (and expressly disclaims any such obligation to) update or alter any of the forward-looking statements made in this earnings release, the conference call or the Investor Relations section of our website whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless otherwise required by law.

 

Company Conference Call Information

 

Sanmina will hold a conference call to review its financial results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year 2022 and outlook for the first quarter fiscal 2023 on Monday, November 7, 2022 at 5:00 p.m. ET (2:00 p.m. PT). The access numbers are: domestic 866-652-5200 and international 412-317-6060, access code is 10172946. The conference will also be webcast live over the Internet. You can log on to the live webcast at Q4 and Fiscal Year 2022 Earnings Webcast. Additional information in the form of a slide presentation is available on Sanmina’s website at www.sanmina.com. A replay of the conference call will be available for 48-hours. The access numbers are: domestic 877-344-7529 and international 412-317-0088, access code is 4302881.

 

About Sanmina

 

Sanmina Corporation, a Fortune 500 company, is a leading integrated manufacturing solutions provider serving the fastest growing segments of the global Electronics Manufacturing Services (EMS) market. Recognized as a technology leader, Sanmina provides end-to-end manufacturing solutions, delivering superior quality and support to Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) primarily in the communications networks, cloud solutions, industrial, defense, medical and automotive markets. Sanmina has facilities strategically located in key regions throughout the world. More information about the Company is available at www.sanmina.com.

 

Sanmina Contact

Paige Melching

SVP, Investor Communications

408-964-3610

 

 


 

Sanmina Corporation 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands)

(GAAP)

 

    October 1,     October 2,  
    2022     2021  
    (Unaudited)  
ASSETS            
             
Current assets:                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 529,857     $ 650,026  
Accounts receivable, net     1,138,894       1,192,434  
Contract assets     503,674       348,741  
Inventories     1,691,081       1,036,511  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets     62,044       53,952  
Total current assets     3,925,550       3,281,664  
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net     575,170       532,985  
Deferred tax assets     198,588       235,117  
Other     160,192       156,953  
Total assets   $ 4,859,500     $ 4,206,719  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY                
                 
Current liabilities:                
Accounts payable   $ 2,029,534     $ 1,464,693  
Accrued liabilities     275,735       161,896  
Accrued payroll and related benefits     130,892       117,648  
Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt     17,500       18,750  
Total current liabilities     2,453,661       1,762,987  
                 
Long-term liabilities:                
Long-term debt     329,237       311,572  
Other     215,333       253,532  
Total long-term liabilities     544,570       565,104  
                 
Stockholders' equity     1,861,269       1,878,628  
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity   $ 4,859,500     $ 4,206,719  

 

 


 

Sanmina Corporation  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(GAAP)

(Unaudited)

 

    Three Months Ended     Twelve Months Ended  
    October 1,     October 2,     October 1,     October 2,  
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Net sales   $ 2,202,561     $ 1,643,976     $ 7,890,475     $ 6,756,643  
Cost of sales     2,024,172       1,513,094       7,249,961       6,204,838  
Gross profit     178,389       130,882       640,514       551,805  
Operating expenses:                                
Selling, general and administrative     59,771       56,990       244,569       234,537  
Research and development     6,023       5,484       21,343       20,911  
Restructuring and other     3,085       1,655       6,815       15,057  
Total operating expenses     68,879       64,129       272,727       270,505  
Operating income     109,510       66,753       367,787       281,300  
Interest income     430       234       1,628       925  
Interest expense     (7,111 )     (4,894 )     (22,473 )     (19,551 )
Other income (expense), net     (19,204 )     7,063       (26,314 )     44,331  
Interest and other, net     (25,885 )     2,403       (47,159 )     25,705  
Income before income taxes     83,625       69,156       320,628       307,005  
Provision for income taxes     18,901       12,591       64,507       38,007  
Net income   $ 64,724     $ 56,565     $ 256,121     $ 268,998  
                                 
Basic income per share   $ 1.12     $ 0.87     $ 4.18     $ 4.12  
Diluted income per share   $ 1.08     $ 0.84     $ 4.06     $ 4.01  
                                 
Weighted-average shares used in                                
computing per share amounts:                                
Basic     58,023       65,352       61,310       65,318  
Diluted     59,844       67,146       63,117       67,084  

 

 


 

Sanmina Corporation 

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

      Three Months Ended     Twelve Months Ended  
      October 1,     July 2,     October 2,     October 1,     October 2,  
      2022     2022     2021     2022     2021  
GAAP Operating Income   $ 109,510     $ 94,618     $ 66,753     $ 367,787     $ 281,300  
  GAAP operating margin     5.0 %     4.7 %     4.1 %     4.7 %     4.2 %
Adjustments:                                        
  Stock compensation expense (1)     10,563       10,683       8,829       39,608       34,977  
  Amortization of intangible assets     234       251       274       1,010       558  
  Distressed customer charges (2)     -       -       -       -       (1,049 )
  Legal and other (3)     -       500       830       1,333       2,703  
  Restructuring costs     3,085       3,994       1,655       11,425       15,057  
  Transaction costs     -       200       -       700       -  
  Gain on sales of long-lived assets     -       -       -       (4,610 )     -  
Non-GAAP Operating Income   $ 123,392     $ 110,246     $ 78,341     $ 417,253     $ 333,546  
  Non-GAAP operating margin     5.6 %     5.5 %     4.8 %     5.3 %     4.9 %
                                           
GAAP Net Income   $ 64,724     $ 79,543     $ 56,565     $ 256,121     $ 268,998  
                                           
Adjustments:                                        
  Operating income adjustments (see above)     13,882       15,628       11,588       49,466       52,246  
  Gain on liquidation of foreign entity     -       -       -       -       (8,493 )
  Loss on termination of pension plan     2,380       -       -       2,380       -  
  (Gain) / reversal of gain on sale of intellectual property     7,000       -       -       7,000       (15,000 )
  Loss on extinguishment of debt     1,370       -       -       1,370       -  
  Legal and other (3)     -       -       (7,692 )     (110 )     (15,939 )
  Adjustments for taxes (4)     489       (14,818 )     3,377       (1,588 )     (15,625 )
Non-GAAP Net Income   $ 89,845     $ 80,353     $ 63,838     $ 314,639     $ 266,187  
                                           
GAAP Net Income Per Share:                                        
  Basic   $ 1.12     $ 1.33     $ 0.87     $ 4.18     $ 4.12  
  Diluted   $ 1.08     $ 1.29     $ 0.84     $ 4.06     $ 4.01  
                                           
Non-GAAP Net Income Per Share:                                        
  Basic   $ 1.55     $ 1.34     $ 0.98     $ 5.13     $ 4.08  
  Diluted   $ 1.50     $ 1.30     $ 0.95     $ 4.99     $ 3.97  
                                           
Weighted-average shares used in computing per share amounts:                                      
  Basic     58,023       59,970       65,352       61,310       65,318  
  Diluted     59,844       61,702       67,146       63,117       67,084  
                                           
(1) Stock compensation expense was as follows:                                        
  Cost of sales   $ 3,610     $ 3,724     $ 3,710     $ 14,065     $ 14,472  
  Selling, general and administrative     6,807       6,819       5,009       25,037       20,119  
  Research and development     146       140       110       506       386  
  Total   $ 10,563     $ 10,683     $ 8,829     $ 39,608     $ 34,977  
                                           
(2) Relates to accounts receivable and inventory write-downs (recoveries) associated with distressed customers.    
                                           
(3) Represents expenses, charges and recoveries associated with certain legal matters.  
                                           
(4) GAAP provision for income taxes   $ 18,901     $ 2,226     $ 12,591     $ 64,507     $ 38,007  
  Adjustments:                                        
  Tax impact of operating income adjustments     879       534       347       1,926       1,363  
  Discrete tax items     2,415       18,394       3,337       16,899       34,237  
  Deferred tax adjustments     (3,783 )     (4,110 )     (7,061 )     (17,237 )     (19,975 )
  Subtotal - adjustments for taxes     (489 )     14,818       (3,377 )     1,588       15,625  
  Non-GAAP provision for income taxes   $ 18,412     $ 17,044     $ 9,214     $ 66,095     $ 53,632  

 

Q1 FY23 Earnings Per Share Outlook*:   Q1 FY23 EPS Range  
    Low     High  
GAAP diluted earnings per share   $ 1.22     $ 1.32  
Stock compensation expense   $ 0.19     $ 0.19  
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share   $ 1.41     $ 1.51  

 

* Due to uncertainty regarding the timing of recognition of restructuring charges, impairment charges and other unusual or infrequent items, if any, that could be incurred during the first quarter of FY23, an estimate of such items is not included in the outlook for Q1 FY23 GAAP EPS.

 

 


 

Sanmina Corporation  

Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow

($ in thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

    Three Month Periods     Twelve Month Periods  
($ in thousands)   Q4'22     Q3'22     Q2'22     Q1'22     Q4'21     FY22     FY21  
GAAP Net Income   $ 64,724     $ 79,543     $ 53,220     $ 58,634     $ 56,565     $ 256,121     $ 268,998  
Depreciation and amortization     26,686       27,065       27,567       27,465       27,452       108,783       109,656  
Other, net     35,180       18,739       15,429       12,101       9,673       81,449       44,066  
Net change in net working capital     (44,692 )     (23,664 )     (17,243 )     (29,900 )     (1,969 )     (115,499 )     (84,378 )
Cash provided by operating activities     81,898       101,683       78,973       68,300       91,721       330,854       338,342  
                                                         
Purchases of long-term investments     (300 )     (700 )     (1,000 )     -       (1,000 )     (2,000 )     (2,705 )
Net purchases of property & equipment     (48,155 )     (37,434 )     (27,263 )     (17,362 )     (29,490 )     (130,214 )     (72,212 )
Proceeds from sale of intellectual property     -       -       -       -       -       -       5,000  
Cash paid for businesses acquired     -       -       -       -       -       -       (21,408 )
Cash used in investing activities     (48,455 )     (38,134 )     (28,263 )     (17,362 )     (30,490 )     (132,214 )     (91,325 )
                                                         
Net share repurchases     (23,438 )     (124,365 )     (113,146 )     (67,773 )     (32,394 )     (328,722 )     (61,066 )
Net borrowing activities     27,987       (4,688 )     (4,688 )     (4,688 )     (4,688 )     13,923       (18,752 )
Proceeds from other notes receivable     -       500       -       -       2,500       500       2,500  
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities     4,549       (128,553 )     (117,834 )     (72,461 )     (34,582 )     (314,299 )     (77,318 )
                                                         
Effect of exchange rate changes     (1,440 )     (1,584 )     (700 )     (786 )     (467 )     (4,510 )     (199 )
                                                         
Net change in cash & cash equivalents   $ 36,552     $ (66,588 )   $ (67,824 )   $ (22,309 )   $ 26,182     $ (120,169 )   $ 169,500  
                                                         
Free cash flow:                                                        
Cash provided by operating activities   $ 81,898     $ 101,683     $ 78,973     $ 68,300     $ 91,721     $ 330,854     $ 338,342  
Net purchases of property & equipment     (48,155 )     (37,434 )     (27,263 )     (17,362 )     (29,490 )     (130,214 )     (72,212 )
Proceeds from sale of intellectual property     -       500       -       -       2,500       500       7,500  
    $ 33,743     $ 64,749     $ 51,710     $ 50,938     $ 64,731     $ 201,140     $ 273,630  

 

 


 

Sanmina Corporation

Pre-Tax Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)

($ in thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

          Three Month Periods  
($ in thousands)         Q4 FY22     Q3 FY22     Q2 FY22     Q1 FY22     Q4 FY21  
Pre-tax Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)                                              
                                               
GAAP operating income         $ 109,510     $ 94,618     $ 82,226     $ 81,433     $ 66,753  
     x       4.0       4.0       4.0       4.0       4.0  
Annualized GAAP operating income           438,040       378,472       328,904       325,732       267,012  
Average invested capital (1)    ÷       1,447,439       1,397,241       1,365,669       1,337,989       1,316,373  
GAAP pre-tax ROIC           30.3 %     27.1 %     24.1 %     24.3 %     20.3 %
                                               
Non-GAAP operating income         $ 123,392     $ 110,246     $ 95,251     $ 88,364     $ 78,341  
     x       4.0       4.0       4.0       4.0       4.0  
Annualized non-GAAP operating income           493,568       440,984       381,004       353,456       313,364  
Average invested capital (1)    ÷       1,447,439       1,397,241       1,365,669       1,337,989       1,316,373  
Non-GAAP pre-tax ROIC           34.1 %     31.6 %     27.9 %     26.4 %     23.8 %

 

(1) Invested capital is defined as total assets (not including cash and cash equivalents and deferred tax assets) less total liabilities (excluding short-term and long-term debt).

 

 


 

Schedule 1

 

The statements above and financial information provided in this earnings release include non-GAAP measures of operating income, operating margin, net income, diluted earnings per share and pre-tax return on invested capital (ROIC). Management excludes from these measures stock-based compensation, restructuring, acquisition and integration expenses, impairment charges, amortization charges and other unusual or infrequent items, as adjusted for taxes, as more fully described below.

 

Management excludes these items principally because they are not directly related to the Company’s ongoing core business operations. We use such non-GAAP measures in order to (1) make more meaningful period-to-period comparisons of the Company’s operations, both internally and externally, (2) guide management in assessing the performance of the business, internally allocating resources and making decisions in furtherance of Company’s strategic plan, (3) provide investors with a better understanding of how management plans and measures the business and (4) provide investors with a better understanding of our ongoing, core business. The material limitations to management’s approach include the fact that the items excluded are nonetheless charges, benefits and expenses required to be recognized under GAAP and, in some cases, consume cash which reduces the Company’s liquidity. Management compensates for these limitations primarily by reviewing GAAP results to obtain a complete picture of the Company’s performance and by including a reconciliation of non-GAAP results to GAAP results in its earnings releases.

 

Additional information regarding the economic substance of each exclusion, management’s use of the resultant non-GAAP measures, the material limitations of management’s approach and management’s methods for compensating for such limitations is provided below.

 

Stock-based Compensation Expense, which consists of non-cash charges for the estimated fair value of equity awards granted to employees and directors, is excluded in order to permit more meaningful period-to-period comparisons of the Company’s results since the Company grants different amounts and value of equity awards each quarter. In addition, given the fact that competitors grant different amounts and types of equity awards and may use different valuation assumptions, excluding stock-based compensation permits more accurate comparisons of the Company’s core results with those of its competitors.

 

Restructuring, Acquisition and Integration Expenses, which consist of severance, lease termination costs, exit costs, environmental investigation, remediation and related costs and other charges primarily related to closing and consolidating manufacturing facilities and those associated with the acquisition and integration of acquired businesses, are excluded because such charges (1) can be driven by the timing of acquisitions and exit activities which are difficult to predict, (2) are not directly related to ongoing business results and (3) generally do not reflect expected future operating expenses. In addition, given the fact that the Company’s competitors complete acquisitions and adopt restructuring plans at different times and in different amounts than the Company, excluding these charges or benefits permits more accurate comparisons of the Company’s core results with those of its competitors. Items excluded by the Company may be different from those excluded by the Company’s competitors and restructuring and integration expenses include both cash and non-cash expenses. Cash expenses reduce the Company’s liquidity. Therefore, management also reviews GAAP results including these amounts.

 

Impairment Charges, which consist of non-cash charges, are excluded because such charges are non-recurring and do not reduce the Company’s liquidity. In addition, given the fact that the Company’s competitors may record impairment charges at different times, excluding these charges permits more accurate comparisons of the Company’s core results with those of its competitors.

 

Amortization Charges, which consist of non-cash charges impacted by the timing and magnitude of acquisitions of businesses or assets, are also excluded because such charges do not reduce the Company’s liquidity. In addition, such charges can be driven by the timing of acquisitions, which is difficult to predict. Excluding these charges permits more accurate comparisons of the Company’s core results with those of its competitors because the Company’s competitors complete acquisitions at different times and for different amounts than the Company.

 

Other Unusual or Infrequent Items, such as charges or benefits associated with distressed customers, expenses, charges and recoveries relating to certain legal matters, gains and losses on sales of assets, deferred tax adjustments and discrete tax items, are excluded because such items are typically non-recurring, difficult to predict or not directly related to the Company’s ongoing or core operations and are therefore not considered by management in assessing the current operating performance of the Company and forecasting earnings trends. However, items excluded by the Company may be different from those excluded by the Company’s competitors. In addition, these items include both cash and non-cash expenses. Cash expenses reduce the Company’s liquidity. Management compensates for these limitations by reviewing GAAP results including these amounts.

 

Adjustments for Taxes, which consist of the tax effects of the various adjustments that we exclude from our non-GAAP measures, and adjustments related to deferred tax and discrete tax items.  Including these adjustments permits more accurate comparisons of the Company's core results with those of its competitors. We determine the tax adjustments based upon the various applicable effective tax rates.  In those jurisdictions in which we do not expect to realize a tax cost or benefit (due to a history of operating losses or other factors), a reduced tax rate is applied.