株探米国株
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2025

or
 
Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number: 001-38888 
Red River Bancshares, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Louisiana  
72-1412058
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
1412 Centre Court Drive, Suite 301, Alexandria, Louisiana
  71301
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (318) 561-4000
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, no par value RRBI The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒   No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒
As of April 30, 2025, the registrant had 6,788,357 shares of common stock, no par value, issued and outstanding. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I
Financial Information
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II
Other Information
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
2

Table of Contents    
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this filing to “we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company,” and “our company” refer to Red River Bancshares, Inc., a Louisiana corporation and bank holding company, and its consolidated subsidiaries. All references in this filing to “Red River Bank,” “the bank,” and “the Bank” refer to Red River Bank, our wholly owned bank subsidiary.
Other abbreviations or acronyms used in this filing are defined below.
ABBREVIATION OR ACRONYM DEFINITION
ACL Allowance for credit losses
AFS Available-for-sale
AOCI Accumulated other comprehensive income or loss
ASC Accounting Standards Codification
ASU Accounting Standards Update
Basel III Basel Committee’s 2010 Regulatory Capital Framework (Third Accord)
BOLI Bank-owned life insurance
bp(s) Basis point(s)
CBLR Community bank leverage ratio
CECL
Current Expected Credit Losses, related to ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
CODM Chief operating decision maker
CRA Community Reinvestment Act
CRE Commercial real estate
Director Compensation Program Amended and Restated Director Compensation program, which allows directors of the Company and the Bank an opportunity to select how to receive their annual director fees.
Economic Growth Act Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act
EPS Earnings per share
Exchange Act Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Reserve Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
FHLB Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas
FOMC Federal Open Market Committee
FTE Fully taxable equivalent basis
GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America
HFI Held for investment
HFS Held for sale
HTM Held-to-maturity
LDPO Loan and deposit production office
MSA Metropolitan statistical area
NOW Negotiable order of withdrawal
NPA(s) Nonperforming asset(s)
Policy Statement Federal Reserve’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement
Report Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
SBIC Small Business Investment Company
Securities Act Securities Act of 1933, as amended
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission
3

Table of Contents    
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act, which reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and our financial performance. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “predict,” “potential,” “believe,” “will likely result,” “expect,” “continue,” “will,” “anticipate,” “seek,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “projection,” “would,” and “outlook,” or the negative version of those words, or such other comparable words or phrases of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, management’s beliefs, and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond our control. Accordingly, we caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions, and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, actual results may prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
There are or will be important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in these forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the following:
•volatility and direction of market interest rates;
•business and economic conditions generally, in the financial services industry, nationally, and within our local market areas;
•government intervention in the U.S. financial system, including the effects of recent and future legislative, tax, accounting, and regulatory actions and reforms, including the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, and other stimulus legislation or changes in banking, securities, accounting, and tax laws and regulations, and their application by our regulators;
•changes in management personnel;
•increased competition in the financial services industry, particularly from regional and national institutions;
•our ability to maintain important deposit customer relationships and our reputation, and to otherwise avoid liquidity risks;
•factors that can impact the performance of our loan portfolio, including real estate values and liquidity in our primary market areas, the financial health of our commercial borrowers, and the success of construction projects that we finance, including any loans acquired in acquisition transactions;
•changes in the value of collateral securing our loans;
•risks associated with system failures or failures to protect against cybersecurity threats, such as breaches of our network security;
•deterioration of our asset quality;
•the adequacy of our reserves, including our ACL;
•operational risks associated with our business;
•natural disasters and adverse weather, acts of terrorism, tariffs, trade wars, pandemics, an outbreak of hostilities or tensions with other countries, or other international or domestic calamities, and other matters beyond our control;
•our ability to prudently manage our growth and execute our strategy;
•compliance with the extensive regulatory framework that applies to us;
•changes in the laws, rules, regulations, interpretations, or policies relating to financial institutions, accounting, tax, trade, monetary, and fiscal matters; and
•the risk factors found in “Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as well as in “Part II - Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Report and other reports and documents we file from time to time with the SEC.
The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read together with the other cautionary statements included in this Report. Additional information on these and other risk factors can be found in “Part II - Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Report and in “Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. If one or more events related to these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from what we anticipate. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. New risks emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict what risks will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
4

Table of Contents    
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except share amounts) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks $ 36,438  $ 30,558 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks 215,717  238,417 
Total Cash and Cash Equivalents 252,155  268,975 
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $625,524 and $613,393, respectively)
566,874  550,148 
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $107,927 and $108,990, respectively)
129,686  131,796 
Equity securities, at fair value 2,981  2,937 
Nonmarketable equity securities 2,349  2,328 
Loans held for sale 2,178  2,547 
Loans held for investment 2,114,742  2,075,013 
Less: Allowance for credit losses (21,835) (21,731)
Loans held for investment, net 2,092,907  2,053,282 
Premises and equipment, net 59,034  59,441 
Accrued interest receivable 10,553  10,048 
Bank-owned life insurance 30,593  30,380 
Intangible assets 1,546  1,546 
Right-of-use assets 2,611  2,733 
Other assets 32,965  33,433 
Total Assets $ 3,186,432  $ 3,149,594 
LIABILITIES
Noninterest-bearing deposits $ 906,540  $ 866,496 
Interest-bearing deposits 1,919,136  1,938,610 
Total Deposits 2,825,676  2,805,106 
Accrued interest payable 6,463  7,583 
Lease liabilities 2,739  2,864 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 18,238  14,302 
Total Liabilities 2,853,116  2,829,855 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES —  — 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred stock, no par value: Authorized - 1,000,000 shares; None Issued and Outstanding
—  — 
Common stock, no par value: Authorized - 30,000,000 shares; Issued and Outstanding - 6,777,657 and 6,777,238 shares, respectively
38,710  38,655 
Additional paid-in capital 2,871  2,777 
Retained earnings 348,093  338,554 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (56,358) (60,247)
Total Stockholders’ Equity 333,316  319,739 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 3,186,432  $ 3,149,594 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5

Table of Contents    
RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 
(in thousands, except per share data) 2025 2024
INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME
Interest and fees on loans $ 28,270  $ 25,893 
Interest on securities 4,856  4,064 
Interest on deposits in other banks 2,661  3,039 
Dividends on stock 21  22 
Total Interest and Dividend Income 35,808  33,018 
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest on deposits 11,198  11,655 
Total Interest Expense 11,198  11,655 
Net Interest Income 24,610  21,363 
Provision for credit losses 450  300 
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 24,160  21,063 
NONINTEREST INCOME
Service charges on deposit accounts 1,383  1,368 
Debit card income, net 992  1,022 
Mortgage loan income 530  456 
Brokerage income 1,325  987 
Loan and deposit income 459  492 
Bank-owned life insurance income 213  202 
Gain (Loss) on equity securities 44  (31)
SBIC income 280  352 
Other income (loss) 46  80 
Total Noninterest Income 5,272  4,928 
OPERATING EXPENSES
Personnel expenses 10,023  9,550 
Occupancy and equipment expenses 1,794  1,616 
Technology expenses 835  709 
Advertising 333  337 
Other business development expenses 558  475 
Data processing expense 288  347 
Other taxes 612  737 
Loan and deposit expenses 62  (42)
Legal and professional expenses 632  618 
Regulatory assessment expenses 391  404 
Other operating expenses 1,060  1,122 
Total Operating Expenses 16,588  15,873 
Income Before Income Tax Expense 12,844  10,118 
Income tax expense 2,492  1,930 
Net Income $ 10,352  $ 8,188 
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic $ 1.53  $ 1.16 
Diluted $ 1.52  $ 1.16 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 
(in thousands) 2025 2024
Net income $ 10,352  $ 8,188 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized net gain (loss) on securities arising during period 4,595  (3,107)
Tax effect (964) 653 
Change in unrealized net loss on securities transferred to held-to-maturity 327  314 
Tax effect (69) (66)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 3,889  (2,206)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) $ 14,241  $ 5,982 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) Common
Shares Issued
Common
Stock
Additional Paid-In Capital Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2023 7,091,637  $ 55,136  $ 2,407  $ 306,802  $ (60,494) $ 303,851 
Net income —  —  —  8,188  —  8,188 
Stock incentive plan —  —  78  —  —  78 
Issuance of shares of common stock as board compensation 811  41  —  —  —  41 
Repurchase of common stock (200,000) (10,000) —  —  —  (10,000)
Cash dividend - $0.09 per share
—  —  —  (638) —  (638)
Other comprehensive income (loss) —  —  —  —  (2,206) (2,206)
Balance as of March 31, 2024 6,892,448  $ 45,177  $ 2,485  $ 314,352  $ (62,700) $ 299,314 
Balance as of December 31, 2024 6,777,238  $ 38,655  $ 2,777  $ 338,554  $ (60,247) $ 319,739 
Net income —  —  —  10,352  —  10,352 
Stock incentive plan —  —  94  —  —  94 
Forfeiture of restricted shares of common stock (575) —  —  —  —  — 
Issuance of shares of common stock as board compensation 994  55  —  —  —  55 
Cash dividend - $0.12 per share
—  —  —  (813) —  (813)
Other comprehensive income (loss) —  —  —  —  3,889  3,889 
Balance as of March 31, 2025 6,777,657  $ 38,710  $ 2,871  $ 348,093  $ (56,358) $ 333,316 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 
(in thousands) 2025 2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 10,352  $ 8,188 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation 665  600 
Amortization 186  131 
Share-based compensation earned 94  78 
Share-based board compensation earned 17  23 
(Gain) Loss on other assets owned 27  — 
Net (accretion) amortization on securities AFS 291  329 
Net (accretion) amortization on securities HTM (318) (306)
(Gain) Loss on equity securities (44) 31 
Provision for credit losses 450  300 
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense (483) 587 
Net (increase) decrease in loans HFS 369  (347)
Net (increase) decrease in accrued interest receivable (505) (50)
Net (increase) decrease in BOLI (213) (202)
Net increase (decrease) in accrued interest payable (1,120) 959 
Net increase (decrease) in accrued income taxes payable 2,994  1,415 
Other operating activities, net 1,152  2,683 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 13,914  14,419 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Activity in securities AFS:
Maturities, principal repayments, and calls 24,336  37,330 
Purchases (36,758) (16,641)
Activity in securities HTM:
Maturities, principal repayments, and calls 2,428  2,214 
Capital contribution in partnerships (50) (40)
Net (increase) decrease in loans HFI (40,216) (45,286)
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed assets 27  69 
Purchases of premises and equipment (258) (1,051)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (50,491) (23,405)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase (decrease) in deposits 20,570  (55,997)
Repurchase of common stock —  (10,000)
Cash dividends (813) (638)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 19,757  (66,635)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (16,820) (75,621)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period 268,975  305,426 
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period $ 252,155  $ 229,805 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 12,318  $ 10,696 
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION FOR NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Assets acquired in settlement of loans $ 125  $ — 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company were prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information, general practices within the financial services industry, and instructions for Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information or footnotes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These changes in presentation did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In preparing the financial statements, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the interim period presented. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature and include appropriate estimated provisions.
Accounting Standards Adopted in 2025
ASU No. 2024-01, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards. The guidance issued in this update was designed to improve GAAP by adding an illustrative example that clarifies when the scope guidance of Topic 718 should be applied, since diversity in practice exists. This ASU does not change existing guidance. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented or prospectively. On January 1, 2025, the Company adopted ASU No. 2024-01. Adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The guidance in this update provides enhanced transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendment addresses investor requests for income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The guidance requires public business entities to disclose in their rate reconciliation table additional categories of information about federal, state, and foreign income taxes and to provide more details about the reconciling items in some categories if the items meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance also requires all entities to disclose annually income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold. Investors anticipate theses disclosures will provide an understanding of an entity’s exposures to changes in tax legislation and allow investors to better assess income tax information that affects cash flow forecasts and capital allocation decisions, as well as identify opportunities to increase future cash flows. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied on a prospective basis, but retrospective application is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
ASU No. 2024-02, Codification Improvements - Amendments to Remove References to the Concept Statements. The guidance issued in this update amends the codification to remove references to various Financial Accounting Standards Board Concept Statements. The codification will be updated to clarify or correct unintended application of guidance that is not expected to have any significant effect on current accounting practice or cost to most entities. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The guidance issued in this update was designed to improve financial reporting by requiring entities to disclose additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to financial statements. This standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this update or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements.
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The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
2.    Securities
Securities are classified as AFS, HTM, and equity securities. Total securities were $699.5 million as of March 31, 2025.
Securities AFS and Securities HTM
Securities AFS and securities HTM are debt securities. Securities AFS are held for indefinite periods of time and are carried at estimated fair value. As of March 31, 2025, the estimated fair value of securities AFS was $566.9 million. The net unrealized loss on securities AFS decreased $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, resulting in a net unrealized loss of $58.7 million as of March 31, 2025.
Securities HTM, which the Company has the intent and ability to hold until maturity, are carried at amortized cost. As of March 31, 2025, the amortized cost of securities HTM was $129.7 million.
Investment activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025, included $36.8 million of securities purchased, partially offset by $26.8 million in maturities, principal repayments, and calls. There were no sales of securities AFS, and there were no purchases or sales of securities HTM for the same period.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities AFS and securities HTM are summarized in the following tables:
March 31, 2025
(in thousands) Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 351,989  $ 1,002  $ (24,708) $ 328,283 
Municipal bonds 201,832  —  (33,443) 168,389 
U.S. Treasury securities 3,498  —  (14) 3,484 
U.S. agency securities 68,205  14  (1,501) 66,718 
Total Securities AFS $ 625,524  $ 1,016  $ (59,666) $ 566,874 
Securities HTM:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 128,752  $ —  $ (21,671) $ 107,081 
U.S. agency securities 934  —  (88) 846 
Total Securities HTM $ 129,686  $ —  $ (21,759) $ 107,927 
December 31, 2024
(in thousands) Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 334,123  $ 539  $ (27,562) $ 307,100 
Municipal bonds 203,394  —  (34,551) 168,843 
U.S. Treasury securities 10,995  —  (63) 10,932 
U.S. agency securities 64,881  18  (1,626) 63,273 
Total Securities AFS $ 613,393  $ 557  $ (63,802) $ 550,148 
Securities HTM:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 130,864  $ —  $ (22,698) $ 108,166 
U.S. agency securities 932  —  (108) 824 
Total Securities HTM $ 131,796  $ —  $ (22,806) $ 108,990 
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The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities AFS and securities HTM as of March 31, 2025, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
March 31, 2025
(in thousands) Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Securities AFS:
Within one year $ 11,048  $ 10,981 
After one year but within five years 25,126  24,496 
After five years but within ten years 126,954  118,862 
After ten years 462,396  412,535 
Total Securities AFS $ 625,524  $ 566,874 
Securities HTM:
Within one year $ —  $ — 
After one year but within five years —  — 
After five years but within ten years 934  846 
After ten years 128,752  107,081 
Total Securities HTM $ 129,686  $ 107,927 
Accounting for Credit Losses – Securities AFS and Securities HTM
The Company evaluates securities AFS for impairment when there has been a decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis of a security to determine whether there is a credit loss associated with the decline in fair value on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Due to the zero credit loss assumption and the evaluation of the considerations applied to the securities AFS, there was no ACL recorded for securities AFS as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Also, as part of the Company’s evaluation of its intent and ability to hold investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in the market, the Company considers its investment strategy, cash flow needs, liquidity position, capital adequacy, and interest rate risk position. Management does not intend to sell these securities prior to recovery, and it is more likely than not that the Company will have the ability to hold them, primarily due to adequate liquidity, until each security has recovered its cost basis.
Due to the zero credit loss assumption on the securities HTM portfolio, there was no ACL recorded for securities HTM as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Accrued interest receivable totaled $3.0 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, for securities AFS and securities HTM and was reported in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets.
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Information pertaining to securities AFS with gross unrealized losses as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, is described as follows:
March 31, 2025
Less than twelve months Twelve months or more
(in thousands) Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ (417) $ 61,515  $ (24,291) $ 175,263 
Municipal bonds (85) 1,968  (33,358) 166,421 
U.S. Treasury securities —  —  (14) 3,484 
U.S. agency securities (103) 37,138  (1,398) 21,540 
Total Securities AFS $ (605) $ 100,621  $ (59,061) $ 366,708 
December 31, 2024
Less than twelve months Twelve months or more
(in thousands) Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ (642) $ 66,986  $ (26,920) $ 179,644 
Municipal bonds (136) 2,863  (34,415) 165,980 
U.S. Treasury securities —  —  (63) 10,932 
U.S. agency securities (82) 27,329  (1,544) 19,801 
Total Securities AFS $ (860) $ 97,178  $ (62,942) $ 376,357 
As of March 31, 2025, the Company held 479 securities AFS that were in unrealized loss positions. The aggregate unrealized loss of these securities AFS as of March 31, 2025, was 9.54% of the amortized cost basis of securities AFS.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no proceeds from sales of debt securities.
Equity Securities
Equity securities are an investment in a CRA mutual fund, consisting primarily of bonds. Equity securities are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets with periodic changes in value recorded through the consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2025, equity securities had a fair value of $3.0 million with a recognized gain of $44,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, equity securities had a fair value of $2.9 million with a recognized loss of $28,000 for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Pledged Securities
Securities with carrying values of approximately $237.0 million and $226.5 million were used as collateral as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
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3.    Loans and Asset Quality
Loans
Loans HFI by category and loans HFS are summarized below:
(in thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 892,205  $ 884,641 
One-to-four family residential 617,679  614,551 
Construction and development 175,575  155,229 
Commercial and industrial 339,115  327,086 
Tax-exempt 61,722  64,930 
Consumer 28,446  28,576 
Total loans HFI $ 2,114,742  $ 2,075,013 
Total loans HFS $ 2,178  $ 2,547 
Accrued interest receivable on loans HFI totaled $7.4 million and $6.9 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and was reported in accrued interest receivable on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Company maintains an ACL on all loans that reflects management’s estimate of expected credit losses for the full life of the loan portfolio.
The following table summarizes the activity in the ACL by category for the three months ended March 31, 2025:
(in thousands)
Beginning Balance December 31, 2024
Provision for Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries
Ending Balance March 31, 2025
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 9,047  $ 112  $ —  $ —  $ 9,159 
One-to-four family residential 6,452  22  (22) 6,455 
Construction and development 1,653  202  (250) —  1,605 
Commercial and industrial 4,123  117  (39) 4,208 
Tax-exempt 103  (4) —  —  99 
Consumer 353  (76) 31  309 
Total allowance for credit losses $ 21,731  $ 450  $ (387) $ 41  $ 21,835 
The following table summarizes the activity in the ACL by category for the three months ended March 31, 2024:
(in thousands) Beginning Balance December 31, 2023   Provision for Credit Losses   Charge-offs Recoveries
Ending Balance March 31, 2024
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 9,118  $ 115  $ —  $ —  $ 9,233 
One-to-four family residential 7,484  49  —  7,536 
Construction and development 1,309  (117) —  —  1,192 
Commercial and industrial 2,553  258  (51) 15  2,775 
Tax-exempt 575  (50) —  —  525 
Consumer 297  45  (80) 41  303 
Total allowance for credit losses $ 21,336  $ 300  $ (131) $ 59  $ 21,564 

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Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
The following table presents nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2025:
(in thousands) Nonaccrual with No ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total Nonaccrual
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 486  $ 276  $ 762 
One-to-four family residential 391  183  574 
Construction and development —  702  702 
Commercial and industrial 410  98  508 
Tax-exempt —  —  — 
Consumer —  79  79 
Total loans HFI $ 1,287  $ 1,338  $ 2,625 
The following table presents nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2024:
(in thousands) Nonaccrual with No ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total Nonaccrual
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 458  $ 276  $ 734 
One-to-four family residential 397  289  686 
Construction and development —  920  920 
Commercial and industrial 412  142  554 
Tax-exempt —  —  — 
Consumer —  74  74 
Total loans HFI $ 1,267  $ 1,701  $ 2,968 
No material interest income was recognized in the consolidated statements of income on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
The following table presents the aging analysis of the past due loans and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest by loan category as of March 31, 2025:
Past Due
(in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Current Total Loans HFI 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 20  $ —  $ 735  $ 891,450  $ 892,205  $ — 
One-to-four family residential 2,240  252  2,961  612,226  617,679  2,434 
Construction and development 31  —  699  174,845  175,575  — 
Commercial and industrial 82  —  403  338,630  339,115  — 
Tax-exempt —  —  —  61,722  61,722  — 
Consumer 30  28,409  28,446 
Total loans HFI $ 2,403  $ 255  $ 4,802  $ 2,107,282  $ 2,114,742  $ 2,438 
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The following table presents the aging analysis of the past due loans and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest by loan category as of December 31, 2024:
Past Due
(in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Current Total Loans HFI 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ —  $ —  $ 704  $ 883,937  $ 884,641  $ — 
One-to-four family residential 1,762  2,705  899  609,185  614,551  264 
Construction and development 32  —  918  154,279  155,229  — 
Commercial and industrial 453  326,627  327,086  — 
Tax-exempt —  —  —  64,930  64,930  — 
Consumer 44  15  28,515  28,576 
Total loans HFI $ 1,842  $ 2,722  $ 2,976  $ 2,067,473  $ 2,075,013  $ 266 
Loan Modifications
Modifications are made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, and the modified terms are in the form of principal forgiveness, interest rate reduction, other-than-insignificant payment delay, or a term extension in the current reporting period. For the periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, modifications were made to certain borrowers by granting term extensions. These term extensions were not significant to the consolidated financial statements.
Credit Quality Indicators
Loans are categorized based on the degree of risk inherent in the credit and the ability of the borrower to service the debt. A description of the general characteristics of the Bank’s risk rating grades follows:
Pass - These loans are of satisfactory quality and do not require a more severe classification.
Special mention - This category includes loans with potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan. However, the loss potential does not warrant substandard classification.
Substandard - Loans in this category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize normal repayment of principal and interest. Prompt corrective action is required to reduce exposure and to assure adequate remedial actions are taken by the borrower. If these weaknesses do not improve, loss is possible.
Doubtful - Loans in this category have well-defined weaknesses that make full collection improbable.
Loss - Loans classified in this category are considered uncollectible and charged-off to the ACL.
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As of March 31, 2025, the Company had no loans classified as doubtful or loss. The following table summarizes loans by risk rating and year of origination as of March 31, 2025, and gross charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2025:
Year of Origination
(in thousands) 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 Prior Years Revolving Lines Total
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Pass $ 31,867  $ 145,755  $ 107,665  $ 237,741  $ 201,864  $ 135,289  $ 24,822  $ 885,003 
Special Mention —  2,688  216  1,455  —  684  —  5,043 
Substandard —  713  —  —  684  762  —  2,159 
Total $ 31,867  $ 149,156  $ 107,881  $ 239,196  $ 202,548  $ 136,735  $ 24,822  $ 892,205 
One-to-four family residential
Pass $ 22,569  $ 94,305  $ 100,019  $ 110,405  $ 106,117  $ 158,334  $ 20,095  $ 611,844 
Special Mention —  121  —  2,435  793  254  —  3,603 
Substandard 37  183  184  298  —  779  751  2,232 
Total $ 22,606  $ 94,609  $ 100,203  $ 113,138  $ 106,910  $ 159,367  $ 20,846  $ 617,679 
Construction and development
Pass $ 11,388  $ 89,114  $ 53,649  $ 13,441  $ 3,278  $ 1,928  $ 1,851  $ 174,649 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  699  —  —  227  —  926 
Total $ 11,388  $ 89,114  $ 54,348  $ 13,441  $ 3,278  $ 2,155  $ 1,851  $ 175,575 
Commercial and industrial
Pass $ 24,721  $ 75,386  $ 38,333  $ 28,968  $ 33,148  $ 7,631  $ 128,475  $ 336,662 
Special Mention —  605  —  1,144  —  —  95  1,844 
Substandard 75  25  21  —  477  609 
Total $ 24,796  $ 76,016  $ 38,335  $ 30,133  $ 33,157  $ 7,631  $ 129,047  $ 339,115 
Tax-exempt
Pass $ —  $ 2,504  $ 2,295  $ 14,305  $ 6,170  $ 36,448  $ —  $ 61,722 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ —  $ 2,504  $ 2,295  $ 14,305  $ 6,170  $ 36,448  $ —  $ 61,722 
Consumer
Pass $ 5,411  $ 10,757  $ 5,950  $ 2,562  $ 739  $ 304  $ 2,638  $ 28,361 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  70  85 
Total $ 5,411  $ 10,757  $ 5,959  $ 2,562  $ 739  $ 374  $ 2,644  $ 28,446 
Total loans HFI $ 96,068  $ 422,156  $ 309,021  $ 412,775  $ 352,802  $ 342,710  $ 179,210  $ 2,114,742 
Gross charge-offs $ —  $ $ 251  $ 48  $ $ —  $ 78  $ 387 
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As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no loans classified as doubtful or loss. The following table summarizes loans by risk rating and year of origination as of December 31, 2024, and gross charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Year of Origination
(in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Years Revolving Lines Total
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Pass $ 141,677  $ 107,788  $ 242,693  $ 208,595  $ 68,371  $ 85,212  $ 22,731  $ 877,067 
Special Mention 2,883  221  1,475  —  —  658  —  5,237 
Substandard 725  —  194  684  —  734  —  2,337 
Total $ 145,285  $ 108,009  $ 244,362  $ 209,279  $ 68,371  $ 86,604  $ 22,731  $ 884,641 
One-to-four family residential
Pass $ 92,621  $ 104,575  $ 117,750  $ 111,730  $ 78,869  $ 86,432  $ 19,294  $ 611,271 
Special Mention 125  —  —  798  —  255  —  1,178 
Substandard —  63  369  42  33  785  810  2,102 
Total $ 92,746  $ 104,638  $ 118,119  $ 112,570  $ 78,902  $ 87,472  $ 20,104  $ 614,551 
Construction and development
Pass $ 79,431  $ 51,997  $ 15,031  $ 3,629  $ 672  $ 1,514  $ 1,799  $ 154,073 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  918  —  —  —  238  —  1,156 
Total $ 79,431  $ 52,915  $ 15,031  $ 3,629  $ 672  $ 1,752  $ 1,799  $ 155,229 
Commercial and industrial
Pass $ 85,573  $ 43,242  $ 32,024  $ 38,991  $ 7,619  $ 1,356  $ 115,704  $ 324,509 
Special Mention 646  —  1,191  —  —  —  78  1,915 
Substandard 26  58  11  78  485  662 
Total $ 86,245  $ 43,244  $ 33,273  $ 39,002  $ 7,621  $ 1,434  $ 116,267  $ 327,086 
Tax-exempt
Pass $ 2,510  $ 1,893  $ 14,976  $ 6,626  $ 10,811  $ 28,114  $ —  $ 64,930 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ 2,510  $ 1,893  $ 14,976  $ 6,626  $ 10,811  $ 28,114  $ —  $ 64,930 
Consumer
Pass $ 15,638  $ 7,316  $ 3,009  $ 869  $ 335  $ 183  $ 1,135  $ 28,485 
Special Mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Substandard —  10  —  —  —  74  91 
Total $ 15,638  $ 7,326  $ 3,009  $ 869  $ 335  $ 257  $ 1,142  $ 28,576 
Total loans HFI $ 421,855  $ 318,025  $ 428,770  $ 371,975  $ 166,712  $ 205,633  $ 162,043  $ 2,075,013 
Gross charge-offs $ 13  $ 27  $ 37  $ $ —  $ 312  $ 413  $ 803 
Commitments to Extend Credit
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer if all conditions of the commitment have been met. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if it is deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s evaluation of the customer’s ability to repay. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, unfunded loan commitments totaled approximately $503.1 million and $509.6 million, respectively.
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing, and similar transactions.
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As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, commitments under standby letters of credit totaled approximately $14.6 million and $11.9 million, respectively. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.
The Company estimates expected credit losses for unfunded commitments over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk through a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The reserve for unfunded commitments is recorded within accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, and the related provision is recorded in provision for credit losses on the consolidated statements of income. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. The loss rates computed for each pool and expected pool-level funding rates are applied to the related unfunded commitment balance to obtain the reserve amount. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the reserve on unfunded commitments was $642,000.
The following table summarizes the reserve for unfunded commitments for the periods indicated:
As of and For the Three Months Ended
(in thousands) March 31, 2025 March 31, 2024
Reserve for unfunded commitments at beginning of period $ 642  $ 442 
Provision for credit losses —  — 
Reserve for unfunded commitments at end of period $ 642  $ 442 
4.    Deposits
Deposits were $2.83 billion and $2.81 billion as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The $20.6 million increase was primarily a result of higher balances in consumer and commercial customer deposit accounts, partially offset by the seasonal outflow of funds from public entity customers. Deposits are summarized below:
(in thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits $ 906,540  $ 866,496 
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing demand deposits 147,343  154,720 
NOW accounts 432,054  467,118 
Money market accounts 569,613  556,769 
Savings accounts 175,239  169,894 
Time deposits less than or equal to $250,000 403,354  403,096 
Time deposits greater than $250,000 191,533  187,013 
Total interest-bearing deposits $ 1,919,136  $ 1,938,610 
Total deposits $ 2,825,676  $ 2,805,106 
Collateral for Deposits
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, securities and FHLB letters of credit with values of approximately $231.4 million and $287.5 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral to secure public entity deposits.
5.    Other Borrowed Funds
The Company has established borrowing capacity with the FHLB, the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window facility, and other correspondent banks to provide additional sources of operating funds. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under these agreements.
6.     Contingencies
The Company and the Bank are involved, from time to time, in various legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these claims or litigation cannot be determined at this time, in the opinion of management, neither the Company nor the Bank are involved in such legal proceedings that the resolution is expected to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
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7.     Fair Value
The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
Fair Value Disclosure
Securities AFS, loans HFS, and equity securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as collateral dependent loans, foreclosed assets, and other certain assets. The nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures indicates that assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value according to a fair value hierarchy comprised of three levels:
•Level 1 pricing represents quotes on the exact financial instrument that is traded in active markets. Quoted prices on actively traded equities, for example, are in this category.
•Level 2 pricing is derived from observable data including market spreads, current and projected rates, prepayment data, and credit quality. The valuation may be based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
•Level 3 pricing is derived without the use of observable data. In such cases, mark-to-model strategies are typically employed. Often, these types of instruments have no active market, possess unique characteristics, and are thinly traded.
The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value:
Securities AFS and Equity Securities: The fair values for securities AFS are determined by quoted market prices, if available (Level 1). For securities where quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices of similar securities (Level 2). For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3).
Loans HFS: Residential mortgage loans originated and held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value on an individual basis. The fair values of mortgage loans HFS are based on commitments on hand from investors within the secondary market for loans with similar characteristics. As such, the fair value adjustments for mortgage loans HFS are recurring Level 2.
Loans HFI: The Company does not record loans HFI at fair value on a recurring basis. Loans for which it was probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are evaluated individually to determine if any credit loss exists. For loans evaluated on an individual basis that are collateral dependent, the fair value is estimated by applying a discount factor to the collateral value then deducting the estimated cost to sell. For loans evaluated on an individual basis that are not collateral dependent, the discounted cash flow method is utilized to determine the fair value. When a loan experiences a credit loss with specific allocated losses determined by the fair value method, the Company considers the collateral dependent loan as nonrecurring Level 3.
Foreclosed Assets: Foreclosed assets, consisting of properties obtained through foreclosure or in satisfaction of loans, are reported at fair value, determined on the basis of current appraisals, comparable sales, and other estimates of value obtained principally from independent sources, adjusted for estimated selling costs (Level 2). However, foreclosed assets are considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because management has qualitatively applied a discount due to the size, supply of inventory, and the incremental discounts applied to the appraisals. Management also considers other factors, including changes in absorption rates, length of time the property has been on the market, and anticipated sales values, which have resulted in adjustments to the collateral value estimates indicated in certain appraisals.
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Fair Value of Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis
The table below presents the recorded amount of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
(in thousands) Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
March 31, 2025
Loans HFS $ 2,178  $ —  $ 2,178  $ — 
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 328,283  $ —  $ 328,283  $ — 
Municipal bonds $ 168,389  $ —  $ 168,389  $ — 
U.S. Treasury securities $ 3,484  $ —  $ 3,484  $ — 
U.S. agency securities $ 66,718  $ —  $ 66,718  $ — 
Equity securities $ 2,981  $ 2,981  $ —  $ — 
December 31, 2024
Loans HFS $ 2,547  $ —  $ 2,547  $ — 
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 307,100  $ —  $ 307,100  $ — 
Municipal bonds $ 168,843  $ —  $ 168,843  $ — 
U.S. Treasury securities $ 10,932  $ —  $ 10,932  $ — 
U.S. agency securities $ 63,273  $ —  $ 63,273  $ — 
Equity securities $ 2,937  $ 2,937  $ —  $ — 
There were no transfers between Level 1, 2, or 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2025 or the year ended December 31, 2024.
Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities: Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances. Financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include certain individually evaluated collateral dependent loans reported at fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Prior to foreclosure of these loans, fair value of the collateral is estimated using Level 3 inputs based on customized discounting criteria.
The table below presents certain individually evaluated collateral dependent loans that were remeasured and reported at fair value through the ACL based upon the fair value of the underlying collateral as of the dates indicated:
(in thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Carrying value of collateral dependent loans before allowance $ 2,660  $ 1,672 
Specific allowance (23) (658)
Fair value of collateral dependent loans $ 2,637  $ 1,014 
The Company had no financial liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Nonfinancial Assets and Liabilities: Certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These include certain foreclosed assets, which are remeasured and reported at fair value through a charge-off to the ACL upon initial recognition as a foreclosed asset. Subsequent to their initial recognition, certain foreclosed assets are remeasured at fair value through an adjustment included in other noninterest income. The fair value of foreclosed assets is estimated using Level 3 inputs based on customized discounting criteria less estimated selling costs.
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The following table presents foreclosed assets that were remeasured and reported at fair value as of the dates indicated:
(in thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Foreclosed assets remeasured at initial recognition:
Carrying value of foreclosed assets prior to remeasurement $ 141  $ 38 
Charge-offs (16) — 
Fair value of foreclosed assets $ 125  $ 38 
There were no foreclosed assets that were remeasured subsequent to initial recognition as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
The Company had no nonfinancial liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
The unobservable inputs used for the Level 3 fair value measurements on a nonrecurring basis were as follows:
(dollars in thousands) Fair Value Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Discount Ranges Weighted Average Discount
March 31, 2025
Collateral dependent loans $ 9,957  Discounted appraisals Collateral discounts and costs to sell
0% - 48%
4.74%
Foreclosed assets $ 125  Discounted appraisals Collateral discounts and costs to sell
0% - 14%
13.18%
December 31, 2024
Collateral dependent loans $ 7,841  Discounted appraisals Collateral discounts and costs to sell
0% - 100%
8.90%
Foreclosed assets $ 38  Discounted appraisals Collateral discounts and costs to sell N/A N/A
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were as follows:
(in thousands) Carrying
Amount
Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
March 31, 2025
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks $ 36,438  $ 36,438  $ 36,438  $ —  $ — 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks $ 215,717  $ 215,717  $ 215,717  $ —  $ — 
Securities AFS $ 566,874  $ 566,874  $ —  $ 566,874  $ — 
Securities HTM $ 129,686  $ 107,927  $ —  $ 107,927  $ — 
Equity securities $ 2,981  $ 2,981  $ 2,981  $ —  $ — 
Nonmarketable equity securities $ 2,349  $ 2,349  $ —  $ 2,349  $ — 
Loans HFS $ 2,178  $ 2,178  $ —  $ 2,178  $ — 
Loans HFI, net of allowance $ 2,092,907  $ 1,985,734  $ —  $ —  $ 1,985,734 
Accrued interest receivable $ 10,553  $ 10,553  $ —  $ —  $ 10,553 
Financial liabilities:
Deposits $ 2,825,676  $ 2,822,511  $ —  $ 2,822,511  $ — 
Accrued interest payable $ 6,463  $ 6,463  $ —  $ 6,463  $ — 
December 31, 2024
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks $ 30,558  $ 30,558  $ 30,558  $ —  $ — 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks $ 238,417  $ 238,417  $ 238,417  $ —  $ — 
Securities AFS $ 550,148  $ 550,148  $ —  $ 550,148  $ — 
Securities HTM $ 131,796  $ 108,990  $ —  $ 108,990  $ — 
Equity securities $ 2,937  $ 2,937  $ 2,937  $ —  $ — 
Nonmarketable equity securities $ 2,328  $ 2,328  $ —  $ 2,328  $ — 
Loans HFS $ 2,547  $ 2,547  $ —  $ 2,547  $ — 
Loans HFI, net of allowance $ 2,053,282  $ 1,923,754  $ —  $ —  $ 1,923,754 
Accrued interest receivable $ 10,048  $ 10,048  $ —  $ —  $ 10,048 
Financial liabilities:
Deposits $ 2,805,106  $ 2,801,310  $ —  $ 2,801,310  $ — 
Accrued interest payable $ 7,583  $ 7,583  $ —  $ 7,583  $ — 
8.    Regulatory Capital Requirements
The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s and the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of its assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Prompt corrective action provisions are not applicable to bank holding companies.
Basel III Capital Requirements
The Company and the Bank are subject to Basel III capital guidelines. Basel III requires the Company and the Bank to maintain certain minimum ratios to meet capital adequacy requirements. It is management’s belief that, as of March 31, 2025, both the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements under Basel III. Management expects that the capital ratios for the Company and the Bank under Basel III will continue to exceed capital adequacy requirements. Management believes that, as of March 31, 2025, the Bank is well-capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.
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Capital amounts and ratios for the Company as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are presented in the following table (Basel III Minimum includes the capital conservation buffer):
Actual Basel III Minimum
(dollars in thousands) Amount Ratio Amount Ratio
March 31, 2025
Total Risk-Based Capital $ 410,605  18.25  % $ 236,258  10.50  %
Tier I Risk-Based Capital $ 388,128  17.25  % $ 191,256  8.50  %
Common Equity Tier I Capital $ 388,128  17.25  % $ 157,505  7.00  %
Tier I Leverage Capital $ 388,128  12.01  % $ 129,253  4.00  %
December 31, 2024
Total Risk-Based Capital $ 400,813  18.13  % $ 232,161  10.50  %
Tier I Risk-Based Capital $ 378,440  17.12  % $ 187,940  8.50  %
Common Equity Tier I Capital $ 378,440  17.12  % $ 154,774  7.00  %
Tier I Leverage Capital $ 378,440  11.86  % $ 127,615  4.00  %
Capital amounts and ratios for the Bank as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are presented in the following table (Basel III Minimum includes the capital conservation buffer):
Regulatory Requirements
Actual Basel III Minimum
Well-Capitalized(1)
(dollars in thousands) Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio
March 31, 2025
Total Risk-Based Capital $ 402,506  17.89  % $ 236,193  10.50  % $ 224,946  10.00  %
Tier I Risk-Based Capital $ 380,029  16.89  % $ 191,204  8.50  % $ 179,957  8.00  %
Common Equity Tier I Capital $ 380,029  16.89  % $ 157,462  7.00  % $ 146,215  6.50  %
Tier I Leverage Capital $ 380,029  11.76  % $ 129,220  4.00  % $ 161,256  5.00  %
December 31, 2024
Total Risk-Based Capital $ 393,743  17.81  % $ 232,092  10.50  % $ 221,040  10.00  %
Tier I Risk-Based Capital $ 371,370  16.80  % $ 187,884  8.50  % $ 176,832  8.00  %
Common Equity Tier I Capital $ 371,370  16.80  % $ 154,728  7.00  % $ 143,676  6.50  %
Tier I Leverage Capital $ 371,370  11.64  % $ 127,582  4.00  % $ 159,477  5.00  %
(1)This column refers to the prompt corrective action requirements applicable to banks.
Community Bank Leverage Ratio Framework
As part of the directive under the Economic Growth Act, in September 2019, the FDIC and other federal bank regulatory agencies approved the CBLR framework. This optional framework became effective January 1, 2020, and is available to the Company and the Bank as an alternative to the Basel III risk-based capital framework. The CBLR framework provides for a simple measure of capital adequacy for certain community banking organizations. Specifically, depository institutions and depository institution holding companies that have less than $10.0 billion in total consolidated assets and meet other qualifying criteria, including a Tier 1 leverage ratio of greater than 9.00%, are considered qualifying community banking organizations eligible to opt into the CBLR framework and replace the applicable Basel III risk-based capital requirements.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company and the Bank qualify for the CBLR framework. Management does not intend to utilize the CBLR framework.
9.    Equity
Stock Repurchases
On December 19, 2024, the Company’s board of directors approved the renewal of the 2024 stock repurchase program that expired on December 31, 2024. The renewed program authorizes the Company to purchase up to $5.0 million of its outstanding shares of common stock from January 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025. Repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market at prevailing prices and based on market conditions, or in privately negotiated transactions.
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For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had $5.0 million available for repurchasing its common stock under the 2025 stock repurchase program.
Effective January 1, 2023, stock repurchases are subject to a nondeductible excise tax under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 equal to 1.0% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased, subject to certain limitations.
AOCI - Transfer of Unrealized Gain (Loss) of Securities AFS and HTM
During the second quarter of 2022, the Company reclassified $166.3 million, net of $17.9 million of unrealized loss, from AFS to HTM. The securities were transferred at fair value, which became the cost basis for the securities HTM. At the date of the transfer, the net unrealized loss of $17.9 million, of which $14.2 million, net of tax, was included in AOCI and is being amortized over the remaining life of the securities as a yield adjustment in a manner consistent with the amortization or accretion of the original purchase premium or discount on the associated security. There were no gains or losses recognized as a result of the transfer. As of March 31, 2025, the net unamortized, unrealized loss remaining on the transferred securities included in the consolidated balance sheets totaled $12.7 million, of which $10.0 million, net of tax, was included in AOCI.
10.    Earnings Per Common Share
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, after giving retroactive effect to stock splits. Diluted EPS includes accrued but unissued shares relating to the Director Compensation Program, stock options, and restricted stock determined using the treasury stock method. The dilutive EPS calculation assumes all outstanding stock options to purchase common stock have been exercised at the beginning of the year, and the pro forma proceeds from the exercised options and restricted stock are used to purchase common stock at the average fair market valuation price.
The computations of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the Company were as follows:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 
(in thousands, except share amounts) 2025 2024
Numerator:
Net income - basic $ 10,352  $ 8,188 
Net income - diluted $ 10,352  $ 8,188 
 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic 6,777,332  7,050,048 
Plus: Effect of Director Compensation Program 319  452 
Plus: Effect of restricted stock 19,056  16,209 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted 6,796,707  7,066,709 
 
Earnings per common share:
Basic $ 1.53  $ 1.16 
Diluted $ 1.52  $ 1.16 
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11.    Segment Reporting
The Company is engaged primarily in providing a fully integrated suite of banking products and services consistently across all of its markets. The CODM assesses performance and decides how to allocate resources based on net income as reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. While the CODM monitors the revenue streams of the various banking products, services, and markets, banking operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a company-wide basis. Accordingly, all of the Company’s banking operations are considered by management to be aggregated in one reportable operating segment.
Financial results for the banking operations segment are presented in the table below:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 
(in thousands) 2025 2024
Interest and dividend income $ 35,808  $ 33,018 
Interest expense 11,198  11,655 
Provision for credit losses 450  300 
Noninterest income 5,272  4,928 
Depreciation and amortization 851  731 
Other operating expenses 15,737  15,142 
Income before income tax expense $ 12,844  $ 10,118 
Income tax expense 2,492  1,930 
Segment net income $ 10,352  $ 8,188 
Adjustments and reconciling items —  — 
Consolidated net income $ 10,352  $ 8,188 
Banking operations segment assets were $3.19 billion and $3.15 billion as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The purpose of this discussion and analysis is to focus on significant changes in the financial condition of Red River Bancshares, Inc. on a consolidated basis from December 31, 2024 through March 31, 2025, and on our results of operations for the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.
This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, and information presented elsewhere in this Report, particularly the unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Item 1.
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and our financial performance. We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions, or beliefs about future events may, and often do, vary from actual results and the differences can be material. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Part II - Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Report. Also, see risk factors and other cautionary statements described in “Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements except as otherwise required by applicable law.
CORPORATE SUMMARY
Red River Bancshares, Inc. is the bank holding company for Red River Bank, a Louisiana state-chartered bank established in 1999 that provides a fully integrated suite of banking products and services tailored to the needs of our commercial and retail customers. Red River Bank operates from a network of 28 banking centers throughout Louisiana and one combined LDPO in New Orleans, Louisiana. Banking centers are located in the following Louisiana markets: Central, which includes the Alexandria MSA; Northwest, which includes the Shreveport-Bossier City MSA; Capital, which includes the Baton Rouge MSA; Southwest, which includes the Lake Charles MSA; the Northshore, which includes Covington; Acadiana, which includes the Lafayette MSA; and New Orleans.
Our priority is to drive shareholder value through the establishment of a market-leading commercial banking franchise based in Louisiana. We provide our services through relationship-oriented bankers who are committed to their customers and the communities where we offer our products and services. Our strategy is to expand market share in existing markets and engage in opportunistic new market de novo expansion, supplemented by strategic acquisitions of financial institutions with customer-oriented, compatible philosophies and in desirable geographic areas.
FIRST QUARTER 2025 FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS
In the first quarter of 2025, we reported an improved net interest margin, higher net interest income, and higher net income. The balance sheet reflected good loan growth, while deposits and assets had slight increases. We increased the quarterly cash dividend paid to shareholders by 33.3% to $0.12 per share for the first quarter of 2025. Also, in the first quarter, we completed significant upgrades to our digital banking systems.
•Net income for the first quarter of 2025 was $10.4 million, or $1.52 diluted EPS, an increase of $1.0 million, or 11.2%, compared to $9.3 million, or $1.37 diluted EPS, for the fourth quarter of 2024. Net income for the first quarter increased due to having higher net interest income, along with approximately $620,000 of periodic items that reduced operating expenses. These operating expense reductions benefited EPS by approximately $0.07.
•For the first quarter of 2025, the return on assets was 1.32%, and the return on equity was 12.85%.
•Net interest income and net interest margin FTE increased for the first quarter of 2025 compared to the prior quarter. Net interest income for the first quarter of 2025 was $24.6 million, which was $923,000, or 3.9%, higher than $23.7 million for the prior quarter. Net interest margin FTE increased 13 bps to 3.22% for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 3.09% for the prior quarter. These improvements resulted from higher securities yields and lower deposit rates.
•As of March 31, 2025, assets were $3.19 billion, which was $36.8 million, or 1.2%, higher than December 31, 2024. The increase was mainly due to a $20.6 million increase in deposits.
•Deposits totaled $2.83 billion as of March 31, 2025, an increase of $20.6 million, or 0.7%, compared to $2.81 billion as of December 31, 2024. This increase was mainly due to higher balances in consumer and commercial customer deposit accounts, partially offset by the seasonal outflow of funds from public entity customers.
•As of March 31, 2025, loans HFI were $2.11 billion, which was $39.7 million, or 1.9%, higher than $2.08 billion as of December 31, 2024. In the first quarter of 2025, we had steady new loan closing activity, combined with funding of loan construction commitments.
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•As of March 31, 2025, total securities were $699.5 million, which was $14.7 million, or 2.1%, higher than December 31, 2024. Securities increased mainly due to the purchase of new securities, combined with a smaller net unrealized loss on securities AFS.
•As of March 31, 2025, liquid assets, which are cash and cash equivalents, were $252.2 million, and the liquid assets to assets ratio was 7.91%. We do not have any borrowings, brokered deposits, or internet-sourced deposits.
•The provision for credit losses was $450,000 for the first quarter of 2025, compared to $300,000 for the prior quarter. The $150,000 increase was due to loan growth and uncertainty regarding tariffs and trade.
•As of March 31, 2025, NPAs were $5.2 million, or 0.16% of assets, and the ACL was $21.8 million, or 1.03% of loans HFI.
•In the first quarter of 2025, the quarterly cash dividend increased by 33.3% to $0.12 per common share, up from $0.09 per common share for each quarter in 2024.
•The 2025 stock repurchase program authorizes us to purchase up to $5.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock from January 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, the 2025 stock repurchase program had $5.0 million of available capacity.
•In the first quarter of 2025, Red River Bank’s online, mobile banking, and bill payment systems were upgraded in order to improve our digital services for all customers.
•In the first quarter of 2025, S&P Global Market Intelligence ranked the Bank 14th of the top 50 best deposit franchises in 2024 for banks with assets between $3.0 and $10.0 billion.
•On March 14, 2025, our board of directors and executive management had the privilege of ringing the closing bell at the Nasdaq Market Site in New York to commemorate being a public company for 6 years.
The following tables contain selected financial information regarding our financial position and performance as of and for the periods indicated:
As of Change from
December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025
(in thousands) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
$ Change % Change
Selected Period End Balance Sheet Data:
Total assets $ 3,186,432  $ 3,149,594  36,838  1.2  %
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks $ 215,717  $ 238,417  (22,700) (9.5  %)
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value $ 566,874  $ 550,148  16,726  3.0  %
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost $ 129,686  $ 131,796  (2,110) (1.6  %)
Loans held for investment $ 2,114,742  $ 2,075,013  39,729  1.9  %
Total deposits $ 2,825,676  $ 2,805,106  20,570  0.7  %
Total stockholders’ equity $ 333,316  $ 319,739  13,577  4.2  %
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As of and for the
Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
March 31,
2024
Net Income $ 10,352  $ 9,306  $ 8,188 
Per Common Share Data:
Earnings per share, basic $ 1.53  $ 1.37  $ 1.16 
Earnings per share, diluted $ 1.52  $ 1.37  $ 1.16 
Book value per share $ 49.18  $ 47.18  $ 43.43 
Tangible book value per share (1,2)
$ 48.95  $ 46.95  $ 43.20 
Realized book value per share (1,3)
$ 57.49  $ 56.07  $ 52.52 
Cash dividends per share $ 0.12  $ 0.09  $ 0.09 
Shares outstanding 6,777,657  6,777,238  6,892,448 
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic 6,777,332  6,797,469  7,050,048 
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted 6,796,707  6,816,299  7,066,709 
 
Summary Performance Ratios:
Return on average assets 1.32  % 1.18  % 1.07  %
Return on average equity 12.85  % 11.46  % 10.77  %
Net interest margin 3.17  % 3.04  % 2.80  %
Net interest margin FTE(4)
3.22  % 3.09  % 2.83  %
Efficiency ratio(5)
55.51  % 58.71  % 60.37  %
Loans HFI to deposits ratio 74.84  % 73.97  % 74.22  %
Noninterest-bearing deposits to deposits ratio 32.08  % 30.89  % 32.61  %
Noninterest income to average assets 0.67  % 0.63  % 0.64  %
Operating expense to average assets 2.12  % 2.14  % 2.07  %
 
Summary Credit Quality Ratios:
NPAs to assets 0.16  % 0.10  % 0.08  %
Nonperforming loans to loans HFI 0.24  % 0.16  % 0.12  %
ACL to loans HFI 1.03  % 1.05  % 1.06  %
Net charge-offs to average loans 0.02  % 0.01  % 0.00  %
 
Capital Ratios:
Stockholders’ equity to assets 10.46  % 10.15  % 9.74  %
Tangible common equity to tangible assets(1,6)
10.42  % 10.11  % 9.69  %
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets 18.25  % 18.13  % 17.84  %
Tier I risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets 17.25  % 17.12  % 16.82  %
Common equity Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets 17.25  % 17.12  % 16.82  %
Tier I risk-based capital to average assets 12.01  % 11.86  % 11.44  %
(1)Non-GAAP financial measure. Calculations of this measure and reconciliations to GAAP are included in “ - Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this Report. This measure has not been audited.
(2)We calculate tangible book value per share as total stockholders’ equity, less intangible assets, divided by the outstanding number of shares of our common stock at the end of the relevant period.
(3)We calculate realized book value per share as total stockholders’ equity, less AOCI, divided by the outstanding number of shares of our common stock at the end of the relevant period.
(4)Net interest margin FTE includes an FTE adjustment using a 21.0% federal income tax rate on tax-exempt securities and tax-exempt loans.
(5)Efficiency ratio represents operating expenses divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income.
(6)We calculate tangible common equity as total stockholders’ equity, less intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, and we calculate tangible assets as total assets, less intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net income for the first quarter of 2025 was $10.4 million, or $1.52 diluted EPS, an increase of $1.0 million, or 11.2%, compared to $9.3 million, or $1.37 diluted EPS, for the fourth quarter of 2024. The increase in net income was due to a $923,000 increase in net interest income, a $277,000 increase in noninterest income, and a $252,000 decrease in operating expenses, partially offset by a $256,000 increase in income tax expense and a $150,000 increase in the provision for credit losses. The return on assets for the first quarter of 2025 was 1.32%, compared to 1.18% for the fourth quarter of 2024. The return on equity was 12.85% for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 11.46% for the fourth quarter of 2024. Our efficiency ratio for the first quarter of 2025 was 55.51%, compared to 58.71% for the fourth quarter of 2024.
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was $10.4 million, or $1.52 diluted EPS, an increase of $2.2 million, or 26.4%, compared to $8.2 million, or $1.16 diluted EPS, for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in net income was due to a $3.2 million increase in net interest income and a $344,000 increase in noninterest income, partially offset by a $715,000 increase in operating expenses, a $562,000 increase in income tax expense, and a $150,000 increase in the provision for credit losses. The return on assets for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was 1.32%, compared to 1.07% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The return on equity was 12.85% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 10.77% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Our efficiency ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was 55.51%, compared to 60.37% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin
Our operating results depend primarily on our net interest income. Fluctuations in market interest rates impact the yield on interest-earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Changes in the amount and type of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities impact our net interest income. To evaluate net interest income, we measure and monitor: (1) yields on loans and other interest-earning assets; (2) the cost of deposits and other funding sources; (3) net interest spread; and (4) net interest margin. Since noninterest-bearing sources of funds, such as noninterest-bearing deposits and stockholders’ equity, also fund interest-earning assets, net interest margin includes the benefit of these noninterest-bearing funding sources.
In the first half of 2024, the target range for the federal funds rate was consistent at 5.25%-5.50%. In September of 2024, the FOMC decreased the federal funds rate by 50 bps and then by an additional 50 bps during the fourth quarter of 2024, reducing the target federal funds range to 4.25%-4.50%. The target range for the federal funds rate was unchanged in the first quarter of 2025. The average effective federal funds rate was 4.33% for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 4.65% for the fourth quarter of 2024, and 5.33% for the first quarter of 2024. Net interest income and net interest margin FTE increased in the first quarter of 2025 compared to both the prior quarter as well as the first quarter of 2024.
First Quarter of 2025 vs. Fourth Quarter of 2024
Net interest income for the first quarter of 2025 was $24.6 million, which was $923,000, or 3.9%, higher than the fourth quarter of 2024, due to a $178,000 increase in interest and dividend income, combined with a $745,000 decrease in interest expense. The increase in interest and dividend income was mainly due to higher interest income on securities. Securities income increased $233,000 primarily due to reinvesting lower yielding securities cash flows into higher yielding securities. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to lower rates on time deposits.
The net interest margin FTE increased 13 bps to 3.22% for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 3.09% for the prior quarter. This increase was due to improved yields on securities and loans, combined with lower deposit costs. The yield on securities increased 11 bps, primarily due to reinvesting lower yielding securities cash flows into higher yielding securities. The yield on loans increased 7 bps due to higher rates on new and renewed loans compared to the existing portfolio yield. The average rate on new and renewed loans was 7.02% for the first quarter of 2025 and 7.25% for the prior quarter. The cost of deposits decreased 10 bps to 1.61% for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 1.71% for the previous quarter, mainly due to lowering selected time deposit rates. As a result of this change, there was a 37 bp decrease in the rate on time deposits during the first quarter.
The FOMC kept the federal funds rate consistent in the first quarter of 2025, with the target federal funds range remaining at 4.25%-4.50%. The market’s expectation is that the FOMC may lower the target range of the federal funds rate several times in 2025. During the remainder of 2025, we anticipate receiving approximately $80.0 million in securities cash flows with an average yield of 3.28%, and we project approximately $162.2 million of fixed rate loans will mature with an average yield of 6.15%. We expect to redeploy these balances into slightly higher yielding assets. Additionally, during the second quarter of 2025, we expect $253.6 million of time deposits to mature with an average rate of 4.06%, which we anticipate repricing into slightly lower cost deposits. As of March 31, 2025, floating rate loans were 17.6% of loans HFI, and floating rate transaction deposits were 8.7% of interest-bearing transaction deposits. Depending on balance sheet activity, the movement in interest rates, and the economic outlook, we expect the net interest income and net interest margin FTE to remain fairly consistent for the remainder of 2025.
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The following table presents average balance sheet information, interest income, interest expense, and the corresponding average yields earned and rates paid for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Average Balance Outstanding Interest
Income/
Expense
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average Balance Outstanding Interest
Income/
Expense
Average
Yield/
Rate
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans(1,2)
$ 2,089,712  $ 28,270  5.41  % $ 2,072,858  $ 28,285  5.34  %
Securities - taxable 559,752  3,871  2.77  % 555,622  3,636  2.62  %
Securities - tax-exempt 189,729  985  2.08  % 190,470  987  2.07  %
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks 243,751  2,661  4.37  % 225,660  2,699  4.74  %
Nonmarketable equity securities 2,330  21  3.56  % 2,307  23  3.99  %
Total interest-earning assets 3,085,274  $ 35,808  4.64  % 3,046,917  $ 35,630  4.60  %
Allowance for credit losses (21,789) (21,824)
Noninterest-earning assets 107,295  109,992 
Total assets $ 3,170,780  $ 3,135,085 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing transaction deposits $ 1,341,885  $ 5,641  1.70  % $ 1,263,775  $ 5,658  1.78  %
Time deposits 592,368  5,557  3.80  % 599,910  6,285  4.17  %
Total interest-bearing deposits 1,934,253  11,198  2.35  % 1,863,685  11,943  2.55  %
Other borrowings —  —  —  % —  —  —  %
Total interest-bearing liabilities 1,934,253  $ 11,198  2.35  % 1,863,685  $ 11,943  2.55  %
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits 884,484  918,804 
Accrued interest and other liabilities 25,336  29,567 
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities 909,820  948,371 
Stockholders’ equity 326,707  323,029 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 3,170,780  $ 3,135,085 
Net interest income $ 24,610  $ 23,687 
Net interest spread 2.29  % 2.05  %
Net interest margin 3.17  % 3.04  %
Net interest margin FTE(3)
3.22  % 3.09  %
Cost of deposits 1.61  % 1.71  %
Cost of funds 1.47  % 1.56  %
(1)Includes average outstanding balances of loans HFS of $2.6 million and $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
(2)Nonaccrual loans are included as loans carrying a zero yield.
(3)Net interest margin FTE includes an FTE adjustment using a 21.0% federal income tax rate on tax-exempt securities and tax-exempt loans.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 vs. Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $24.6 million, which was $3.2 million, or 15.2%, higher than $21.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Net interest income increased due to a $2.8 million increase in interest and dividend income, combined with a $457,000 decrease in interest expense.
The increase in interest and dividend income for the three months ended March 31, 2025, when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, was due to higher interest income on loans and securities, partially offset by a decrease in interest income on short-term liquid assets. Loan income increased $2.4 million due to higher rates on new and renewed loans compared to the existing portfolio yield, combined with higher balances in loans HFI. Securities income increased $792,000 primarily due to reinvesting lower yielding securities cash flows into higher yielding securities. The interest income on short-term liquid assets decreased $378,000 due to the FOMC lowering the federal funds rate during the second half of 2024. The decrease in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025, when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily due to lower rates on time deposits.
Net interest margin FTE increased 39 bps to 3.22% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from 2.83% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to higher yields on securities and loans, combined with lower deposit costs. The yield on securities increased 47 bps mainly due to reinvesting lower yielding securities cash flows into higher yielding securities.
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The yield on loans increased 32 bps due to higher rates on new and renewed loans compared to the existing portfolio yield. The cost of deposits decreased 9 bps to 1.61% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from 1.70% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, due to a 19 bp decrease in the rate on interest-bearing deposits. Within total interest-bearing deposits, the rate on time deposits and interest-bearing transaction deposits decreased 32 and 11 bps, respectively. These decreases occurred as we adjusted rates on selected transaction and time deposits during the second half of 2024 in response to the federal funds rate decreases by the FOMC. We also lowered selected time deposit rates in the first quarter of 2025.
The following table presents average balance sheet information, interest income, interest expense, and the corresponding average yields earned and rates paid for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025 March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Average Balance Outstanding Interest
Income/
Expense
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average Balance Outstanding Interest
Income/
Expense
Average
Yield/
Rate
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans(1,2)
$ 2,089,712  $ 28,270  5.41  % $ 2,015,063  $ 25,893  5.09  %
Securities - taxable 559,752  3,871  2.77  % 569,600  3,048  2.14  %
Securities - tax-exempt 189,729  985  2.08  % 197,817  1,016  2.05  %
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks 243,751  2,661  4.37  % 224,301  3,039  5.42  %
Nonmarketable equity securities 2,330  21  3.56  % 2,240  22  3.95  %
Total interest-earning assets 3,085,274  $ 35,808  4.64  % 3,009,021  $ 33,018  4.35  %
Allowance for credit losses (21,789) (21,402)
Noninterest-earning assets 107,295  100,486 
Total assets $ 3,170,780  $ 3,088,105 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing transaction deposits $ 1,341,885  $ 5,641  1.70  % $ 1,261,361  $ 5,680  1.81  %
Time deposits 592,368  5,557  3.80  % 582,847  5,975  4.12  %
Total interest-bearing deposits 1,934,253  11,198  2.35  % 1,844,208  11,655  2.54  %
Other borrowings —  —  —  % —  —  —  %
Total interest-bearing liabilities 1,934,253  $ 11,198  2.35  % 1,844,208  $ 11,655  2.54  %
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits 884,484  913,114 
Accrued interest and other liabilities 25,336  25,055 
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities 909,820  938,169 
Stockholders’ equity 326,707  305,728 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 3,170,780  $ 3,088,105 
Net interest income $ 24,610  $ 21,363 
Net interest spread 2.29  % 1.81  %
Net interest margin 3.17  % 2.80  %
Net interest margin FTE(3)
3.22  % 2.83  %
Cost of deposits 1.61  % 1.70  %
Cost of funds 1.47  % 1.56  %
(1)Includes average outstanding balances of loans HFS of $2.6 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(2)Nonaccrual loans are included as loans carrying a zero yield.
(3)Net interest margin FTE includes an FTE adjustment using a 21.0% federal income tax rate on tax-exempt securities and tax-exempt loans.
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Rate/Volume Analysis
Increases and decreases in interest income and interest expense result from changes in average balances (volume) of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as well as changes in average interest rates. The following table presents the dollar amount of changes in interest income and interest expense for major components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the periods presented.
For the Three Months Ended For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025 vs.
December 31, 2024
March 31, 2025 vs.
March 31, 2024
Increase (Decrease)
Due to Change in
Total
Increase
Increase (Decrease)
Due to Change in
Total
Increase
(in thousands) Volume Rate
(Decrease)(1)
Volume Rate
(Decrease)(1)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans
$ 230  $ (245) $ (15) $ 960  $ 1,417  $ 2,377 
Securities - taxable 27  208  235  (53) 876  823 
Securities - tax-exempt (4) (2) (42) 11  (31)
Federal funds sold —  —  —  —  —  — 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks 219  (257) (38) 266  (644) (378)
Nonmarketable equity securities —  (2) (2) (2) (1)
Total interest-earning assets $ 472  $ (294) $ 178  $ 1,132  $ 1,658  $ 2,790 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing transaction deposits $ 350  $ (367) $ (17) $ 363  $ (402) $ (39)
Time deposits (79) (649) (728) 98  (516) (418)
Total interest-bearing deposits 271  (1,016) (745) 461  (918) (457)
Other borrowings —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total interest-bearing liabilities $ 271  $ (1,016) $ (745) $ 461  $ (918) $ (457)
Increase (decrease) in net interest income $ 201  $ 722  $ 923  $ 671  $ 2,576  $ 3,247 
(1)The change in interest attributable to rate has been determined by applying the change in rate between periods to average balances outstanding in the earlier period. The change in interest due to volume has been determined by applying the rate from the earlier period to the change in average balances outstanding between periods. Changes attributable to both rate and volume that cannot be segregated have been allocated to rate.
Provision for Credit Losses
The provision for credit losses is the amount necessary to maintain the ACL and the reserve for unfunded commitments at a level considered appropriate by management. Factors impacting the provision include loan portfolio growth, changes in the quality and composition of the loan portfolio, the level of nonperforming loans, delinquency and charge-off trends, the level of unfunded commitments, and current economic conditions.
The table below presents, for the periods indicated, the provision for credit losses:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Increase (Decrease)
Provision for credit losses $ 450  $ 300  $ 150  50.0  %
The provision for credit losses for the first quarter of 2025 was $450,000 for loans, which was $150,000 higher than the provision for credit losses of $300,000 for the prior quarter. The increase in the first quarter of 2025 was related to loan growth in the quarter, combined with uncertainty regarding tariffs and trade. The provision in the fourth quarter of 2024, which included $200,000 for loans and $100,000 for unfunded loan commitments, was due to potential economic challenges resulting from the recent inflationary environment, changing monetary policy, and loan growth. We will continue to evaluate future provision needs in relation to current economic situations, loan growth, trends in asset quality, forecasted information, and other conditions influencing loss expectations
The table below presents, for the periods indicated, the provision for credit losses:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
March 31,
2024
Increase (Decrease)
Provision for credit losses $ 450  $ 300  $ 150  50.0  %
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The provision for credit losses for the first quarter of 2025 was $450,000 for loans, which was $150,000 higher than the provision for credit losses of $300,000 for the first quarter of 2024. The increase in the first quarter of 2025 was related to loan growth in the quarter, combined with uncertainty regarding tariffs and trade. The provision in the first quarter of 2024 was due to potential economic challenges resulting from the inflationary environment, changing monetary policy, and loan growth.
Noninterest Income
Our primary sources of noninterest income are fees related to the sale of mortgage loans, service charges on deposit accounts, debit card fees, brokerage income from advisory services, and other loan and deposit fees.
First Quarter of 2025 vs. Fourth Quarter of 2024
Noninterest income increased $277,000 to $5.3 million for the first quarter of 2025 compared to $5.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2024. The increase in noninterest income was mainly due to higher brokerage income and a gain on equity securities, partially offset by lower mortgage loan income and SBIC income.
The table below presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of noninterest income:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Increase (Decrease)
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts $ 1,383  $ 1,452  $ (69) (4.8  %)
Debit card income, net 992  960  32  3.3  %
Mortgage loan income 530  652  (122) (18.7  %)
Brokerage income 1,325  924  401  43.4  %
Loan and deposit income 459  463  (4) (0.9  %)
Bank-owned life insurance income 213  216  (3) (1.4  %)
Gain (Loss) on equity securities 44  (91) 135  148.4  %
SBIC income 280  346  (66) (19.1  %)
Other income (loss) 46  73  (27) (37.0  %)
Total noninterest income $ 5,272  $ 4,995  $ 277  5.5  %
Brokerage income increased $401,000 to $1.3 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to the prior quarter. The higher income in the first quarter of 2025 was due to increased investing activity by clients. Assets under management were $1.14 billion as of March 31, 2025, which was consistent with December 31, 2024.
Equity securities are an investment in a CRA mutual fund consisting primarily of bonds. The gain or loss on equity securities is a fair value adjustment primarily driven by changes in the interest rate environment. Due to the fluctuations in market rates between quarters, equity securities had a gain of $44,000 in the first quarter of 2025, compared to a loss of $91,000 for the previous quarter.
Mortgage loan income decreased $122,000 to $530,000 for the first quarter of 2025, compared to the prior quarter due to decreased purchase activity.
SBIC income decreased $66,000 to $280,000 for the first quarter of 2025, compared to the prior quarter. This decrease was primarily due to lower normal income received from these partnerships. We expect SBIC income to be lower in future quarters due to fund value fluctuations.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 vs. Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Noninterest income increased $344,000 to $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in noninterest income was mainly due to higher brokerage income. Beginning in January 2024, net debit card income has been impacted by a new debit card provider contract.
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The table below presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of noninterest income:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
March 31,
2024
Increase (Decrease)
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts $ 1,383  $ 1,368  $ 15  1.1  %
Debit card income, net 992  1,022  (30) (2.9  %)
Mortgage loan income 530  456  74  16.2  %
Brokerage income 1,325  987  338  34.2  %
Loan and deposit income 459  492  (33) (6.7  %)
Bank-owned life insurance income 213  202  11  5.4  %
Gain (Loss) on equity securities 44  (31) 75  241.9  %
SBIC income 280  352  (72) (20.5  %)
Other income (loss) 46  80  (34) (42.5  %)
Total noninterest income $ 5,272  $ 4,928  $ 344  7.0  %
Brokerage income increased $338,000 to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year, due to increased investing activity by clients. Assets under management were $1.14 billion and $1.07 billion as of March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Debit card income, net, decreased $30,000 to $992,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, debit card income benefited from $145,000 of nonrecurring income due to the termination of our prior debit card provider contract. This decrease was partially offset by lower debit card expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025, due to the new debit card provider contract.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses are composed of all employee expenses and costs associated with operating our facilities, obtaining and retaining customer relationships, and providing services.
First Quarter of 2025 vs. Fourth Quarter of 2024
Operating expense decreased $252,000 to $16.6 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to $16.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2024. The decrease in operating expenses was mainly due to lower data processing expense and loan and deposit expenses, partially offset by higher personnel expenses.
The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of operating expenses:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Increase (Decrease)
Operating expenses:
Personnel expenses $ 10,023  $ 9,769  $ 254  2.6  %
Non-staff expenses:
Occupancy and equipment expenses 1,794  1,716  78  4.5  %
Technology expenses 835  884  (49) (5.5  %)
Advertising 333  313  20  6.4  %
Other business development expenses 558  486  72  14.8  %
Data processing expense 288  681  (393) (57.7  %)
Other taxes 612  547  65  11.9  %
Loan and deposit expenses 62  334  (272) (81.4  %)
Legal and professional expenses 632  658  (26) (4.0  %)
Regulatory assessment expenses 391  428  (37) (8.6  %)
Other operating expenses 1,060  1,024  36  3.5  %
Total operating expenses $ 16,588  $ 16,840  $ (252) (1.5  %)
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Data processing expense decreased $393,000 to $288,000 for the first quarter of 2025, compared to the prior quarter. This decrease was attributable to receipt of a $447,000 periodic refund from our data processing center in the first quarter of 2025. This decrease was partially offset by new expenses and $14,000 of nonrecurring implementation fees related to online, mobile banking, and bill payment systems implemented in the first quarter of 2025.
Loan and deposit expenses decreased $272,000 to $62,000 for the first quarter of 2025, compared to the prior quarter. This decrease was primarily attributable to receipt of a $173,000 negotiated, variable rebate from a vendor in the first quarter of 2025.
Personnel expenses increased $254,000 to $10.0 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to the prior quarter. This increase was primarily due to an increase in head count, restarting of payroll tax expense, and increased revenue-based commission compensation. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had 375 and 369 total employees, respectively.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 vs. Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Operating expenses increased $715,000 to $16.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $15.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to higher personnel expenses, occupancy and equipment expenses, technology expenses, and loan and deposit expenses, partially offset by lower other taxes and data processing expense.
The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of operating expenses:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
March 31,
2024
Increase (Decrease)
Operating expenses:
Personnel expenses $ 10,023  $ 9,550  $ 473  5.0  %
Non-staff expenses:
Occupancy and equipment expenses 1,794  1,616  178  11.0  %
Technology expenses 835  709  126  17.8  %
Advertising 333  337  (4) (1.2  %)
Other business development expenses 558  475  83  17.5  %
Data processing expense 288  347  (59) (17.0  %)
Other taxes 612  737  (125) (17.0  %)
Loan and deposit expenses 62  (42) 104  247.6  %
Legal and professional expenses 632  618  14  2.3  %
Regulatory assessment expenses 391  404  (13) (3.2  %)
Other operating expenses 1,060  1,122  (62) (5.5  %)
Total operating expenses $ 16,588  $ 15,873  $ 715  4.5  %
Personnel expenses increased $473,000 to $10.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year. This increase was primarily due to an increase in headcount and increased revenue-based commission compensation. As of March 31, 2025 and 2024, we had 375 and 358 total employees, respectively.
Occupancy and equipment expenses increased $178,000 to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year. This increase was primarily due to an increase in equipment maintenance contract expense, a full period of expenses related to our new banking center opened in the New Orleans market in 2024, and nonrecurring expenses related to the renovation of a banking center.
Technology expenses increased $126,000 to $835,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year. This increase was primarily due to continued software technology enhancements and upgrades.
Loan and deposit expenses increased $104,000 to $62,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we received a $173,000 negotiated, variable rebate from a vendor compared to a $262,000 similar rebate in the same period prior year.
Other taxes decreased $125,000 to $612,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year. This decrease was primarily due to $100,000 of stock repurchase excise tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Due to finalized guidance received in the second quarter of 2024, regulations require stock repurchase excise tax to be recorded as a reduction to stockholder's equity as opposed to being expensed. We did not repurchase any shares during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
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Data processing expense decreased $59,000 to $288,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period prior year. This decrease was due to receipt of a $447,000 periodic refund from our data processing center in the first quarter of 2025 compared to a $284,000 similar refund in the same period prior year. This decrease was partially offset by new expenses and $14,000 of nonrecurring implementation fees related to online banking, mobile banking, and bill payment systems implemented in the first quarter of 2025.
Income Tax Expense
The amount of income tax expense is influenced by the amounts of our pre-tax income, tax-exempt income, and other nondeductible expenses. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income tax rates in effect for the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.
Our accrued tax rate is based on an annualized projection and changes considering our most recent financial results and balances. Our effective income tax rates have differed from the U.S. statutory rate due to the effect of tax-exempt income from loans, securities, life insurance policies, income tax effects associated with stock-based compensation, and permanent and temporary tax differences.
The table below presents, for the periods indicated, income tax expense:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Increase (Decrease)
Income tax expense $ 2,492  $ 2,236  $ 256  11.4  %
For the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, income tax expense totaled $2.5 million and $2.2 million, respectively. This increase in income tax expense was primarily due to the increase in pre-tax income. Our effective income tax rate for the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, was 19.4% for each quarter.
The table below presents, for the periods indicated, income tax expense:
For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
March 31,
2024
Increase
(Decrease)
Income tax expense $ 2,492  $ 1,930  $ 562  29.1  %
For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, income tax expense totaled $2.5 million and $1.9 million, respectively. The increase in income tax expense was primarily due to the increase in pre-tax income. Our effective income tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, were 19.4% and 19.1%, respectively.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
As of March 31, 2025, assets were $3.19 billion, which was $36.8 million, or 1.2%, higher than $3.15 billion as of December 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in deposits. Total deposits increased $20.6 million, or 0.7%, to $2.83 billion as of March 31, 2025, from $2.81 billion as of December 31, 2024. Cash and cash equivalents decreased $16.8 million, or 6.3%, to $252.2 million and were 7.91% of assets as of March 31, 2025. Total securities increased $14.7 million, or 2.1%, to $699.5 million and were 21.95% of assets as of March 31, 2025. Loans HFI increased $39.7 million, or 1.9%, to $2.11 billion as of March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, we had no borrowings. Stockholders’ equity increased $13.6 million during the first three months of 2025 to $333.3 million as of March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, the loans HFI to deposits ratio was 74.84%, compared to 73.97% as of December 31, 2024, and the noninterest-bearing deposits to total deposits ratio was 32.08%, compared to 30.89% as of December 31, 2024.
Interest-bearing Deposits in Other Banks
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks were the third-largest component of earning assets as of March 31, 2025. Excess liquidity that is not being deployed into loans or securities is placed in these accounts. As of March 31, 2025, interest-bearing deposits in other banks were $215.7 million and were 6.8% of assets, a decrease of $22.7 million, or 9.5%, compared to $238.4 million and 7.6% of assets as of December 31, 2024. This decrease was primarily due to funding loan and securities growth, which exceeded deposit growth in the first quarter of 2025.
Securities
Our securities portfolio is the second-largest component of earning assets and provides a significant source of revenue. Securities are classified as AFS, HTM, and equity securities. As of March 31, 2025, our total securities portfolio was 22.0% of assets. It is designed primarily to provide and maintain liquidity, generate a favorable return on investments without incurring unnecessary interest rate and credit risk, and complement our lending activities. We may invest in various types of liquid assets that are permissible under governing regulations and approved by our investment policy, which include U.S. Treasury obligations, U.S. government agency obligations, certificates of deposit of insured domestic banks, mortgage-backed and mortgage-related securities, corporate notes having an investment rating of “A” or better, municipal bonds, and certain equity securities.
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Securities AFS and Securities HTM
Securities AFS and securities HTM are debt securities. Total debt securities on the consolidated balance sheets were $696.6 million as of March 31, 2025, an increase of $14.6 million, or 2.1%, from $681.9 million as of December 31, 2024.
Securities AFS are held for indefinite periods of time and are carried at estimated fair value. As of March 31, 2025, the estimated fair value of securities AFS was $566.9 million. The carrying values of our securities AFS are adjusted for unrealized gain or loss, and any unrealized gain or loss is reported on an after-tax basis as a component of AOCI in stockholders’ equity. The net unrealized loss on securities AFS decreased $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, resulting in a net unrealized loss of $58.7 million as of March 31, 2025, compared to a net unrealized loss of $63.2 million as of December 31, 2024.
Securities HTM, which we have the intent and ability to hold until maturity, are carried at amortized cost. As of March 31, 2025, the amortized cost of securities HTM was $129.7 million. Securities HTM had an unrealized loss of $21.8 million as of March 31, 2025, compared to an unrealized loss of $22.8 million as of December 31, 2024.
Investment activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025, included $36.8 million of securities purchased, partially offset by $26.8 million in maturities, principal repayments, and calls. There were no sales of securities AFS, and there were no purchases or sales of securities HTM for the same period.
The securities portfolio tax-equivalent yield was 2.73% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 2.26% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in yield was primarily due to reinvesting lower yielding securities cash flows received between March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, into higher yielding securities.
The contractual maturity of mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations is not a reliable indicator of their expected lives because borrowers have the right to prepay their obligations at any time. Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are typically issued with stated principal amounts and are backed by pools of mortgage loans and other loans with varying maturities. The term of the underlying mortgages and loans may vary significantly due to the ability of a borrower to prepay. Monthly pay downs on mortgage-backed securities may cause the average lives of the securities to be much different than the stated contractual maturity. During a period of rising interest rates, fixed rate mortgage-backed securities are not likely to experience heavy prepayments of principal, and consequently, the average lives of these securities are typically lengthened. If interest rates begin to fall, prepayments may increase, thereby shortening the estimated average lives of these securities. As of March 31, 2025, the average life of our securities portfolio was 6.7 years with an estimated effective duration of 4.7 years. As of December 31, 2024, the average life of our securities portfolio was 7.0 years with an estimated effective duration of 4.9 years.
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The following tables summarize the amortized cost and estimated fair value of our securities by type as of the dates indicated. As of March 31, 2025, other than securities issued by U.S. government agencies or government-sponsored enterprises, our securities portfolio did not contain securities of any one issuer with an aggregate book value in excess of 10.0% of our stockholders’ equity.
March 31, 2025
(in thousands)
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 351,989  $ 1,002  $ (24,708) $ 328,283 
Municipal bonds 201,832  —  (33,443) 168,389 
U.S. Treasury securities 3,498  —  (14) 3,484 
U.S. agency securities 68,205  14  (1,501) 66,718 
Total Securities AFS $ 625,524  $ 1,016  $ (59,666) $ 566,874 
Securities HTM:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 128,752  $ —  $ (21,671) $ 107,081 
U.S. agency securities 934  —  (88) 846 
Total Securities HTM $ 129,686  $ —  $ (21,759) $ 107,927 
December 31, 2024
(in thousands)
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 334,123  $ 539  $ (27,562) $ 307,100 
Municipal bonds 203,394  —  (34,551) 168,843 
U.S. Treasury securities 10,995  —  (63) 10,932 
U.S. agency securities 64,881  18  (1,626) 63,273 
Total Securities AFS $ 613,393  $ 557  $ (63,802) $ 550,148 
Securities HTM:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 130,864  $ —  $ (22,698) $ 108,166 
U.S. agency securities 932  —  (108) 824 
Total Securities HTM $ 131,796  $ —  $ (22,806) $ 108,990 
The following table shows the fair value of securities AFS that mature during each of the periods indicated. The contractual maturity of a mortgage-backed security is the date the last underlying mortgage matures. Yields are weighted-average tax equivalent yields that are calculated by dividing projected annual income by the average amortized cost of the applicable securities while using a 21.0% federal income tax rate, when applicable.
Contractual Maturity as of March 31, 2025
Within
One Year
After One Year
but Within
Five Years
After Five Years
but Within
Ten Years
After
Ten Years
Total
(dollars in thousands) Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Securities AFS:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 370  2.46  % $ 8,282  4.41  % $ 46,879  1.78  % $ 272,752  3.32  % $ 328,283  3.13  %
Municipal bonds 5,550  1.52  % 11,991  2.25  % 29,450  2.19  % 121,398  2.09  % 168,389  2.10  %
U.S. Treasury securities 3,484  1.04  % —  —  % —  —  % —  —  % 3,484  1.04  %
U.S. agency securities 1,577  4.36  % 4,223  2.73  % 42,533  4.70  % 18,385  3.82  % 66,718  4.31  %
Total Securities AFS $ 10,981  1.81  % $ 24,496  3.04  % $ 118,862  2.88  % $ 412,535  2.94  % $ 566,874  2.91  %
(1)Tax equivalent projected book yield as of March 31, 2025.
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The following table shows the amortized cost of securities HTM that mature during each of the periods indicated. The contractual maturity of a mortgage-backed security is the date the last underlying mortgage matures. Yields are weighted-average tax equivalent yields that are calculated by dividing projected annual income by the average amortized cost of the applicable securities while using a 21.0% federal income tax rate, when applicable.
Contractual Maturity as of March 31, 2025
Within
One Year
After One Year
but Within
Five Years
After Five Years
but Within
Ten Years
After
Ten Years
Total
(dollars in thousands) Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Amount
Yield(1)
Securities HTM:
Mortgage-backed securities $ —  —  % $ —  —  % $ —  —  % $ 128,752  2.39  % $ 128,752  2.39  %
U.S. agency securities —  —  % —  —  % 934  2.61  % —  —  % 934  2.61  %
Total Securities HTM $ —  —  % $ —  —  % $ 934  2.61  % $ 128,752  2.39  % $ 129,686  2.39  %
(1)Tax equivalent projected book yield as of March 31, 2025.
Equity Securities
Equity securities are an investment in a CRA mutual fund, consisting primarily of bonds. Equity securities are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets with periodic changes in value recorded through the consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2025, equity securities had a fair value of $3.0 million with a recognized gain of $44,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, equity securities had a fair value of $2.9 million with a recognized loss of $28,000 for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Loan Portfolio
Our loan portfolio is our largest category of earning assets, and interest income earned on our loan portfolio is our primary source of income. We maintain a diversified loan portfolio with a focus on CRE, one-to-four family residential, and commercial and industrial loans. As of March 31, 2025, loans HFI were $2.11 billion, an increase of $39.7 million, or 1.9%, compared to $2.08 billion as of December 31, 2024. In the first quarter of 2025, we had steady new loan closing activity, combined with funding of loan construction commitments.
Loans by Category
Loans HFI by category, loans HFI, and loans HFS are summarized below as of the dates indicated:
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Change from
December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 892,205  42.2  % $ 884,641  42.6  % $ 7,564  0.9  %
One-to-four family residential 617,679  29.2  % 614,551  29.6  % 3,128  0.5  %
Construction and development 175,575  8.3  % 155,229  7.5  % 20,346  13.1  %
Commercial and industrial 339,115  16.0  % 327,086  15.8  % 12,029  3.7  %
Tax-exempt 61,722  2.9  % 64,930  3.1  % (3,208) (4.9  %)
Consumer 28,446  1.4  % 28,576  1.4  % (130) (0.5  %)
Total loans HFI $ 2,114,742  100.0  % $ 2,075,013  100.0  % $ 39,729  1.9  %
Total loans HFS $ 2,178  $ 2,547  $ (369) (14.5  %)
Average loan HFI size, excluding credit cards $ 259  $ 250  $ 3.6  %
CRE loans are collateralized by owner occupied and non-owner occupied properties mainly in Louisiana. Non-owner occupied office loans were $54.2 million, or 2.6% of loans HFI, as of March 31, 2025, and $56.4 million, or 2.7% of loans HFI, as of December 31, 2024. The properties are primarily centered in low-rise suburban areas. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the average CRE loan size was $970,000 and $953,000, respectively.
Industry Concentrations
Health care loans are our largest loan industry concentration and are made up of a diversified portfolio of health care providers. As of March 31, 2025, health care loans were $168.9 million, or 8.0% of loans HFI, compared to $167.3 million, or 8.1% of loans HFI, as of December 31, 2024. The average health care loan size was $370,000 as of March 31, 2025 and $372,000 as of December 31, 2024. Within the health care sector, loans to nursing and residential care facilities were 4.2% of loans HFI as of March 31, 2025, and 4.4% as of December 31, 2024.
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Loans to physician and dental practices were 3.4% of loans HFI as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Energy loans were 1.4% of loans HFI as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Geographic Markets
As of March 31, 2025, the Bank operated in seven geographic markets throughout the state of Louisiana. The following table summarizes loans HFI by market of origin:
March 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent
Central $ 596,986  28.2  %
Capital 577,618  27.3  %
Northwest 346,947  16.4  %
Southwest 181,479  8.6  %
New Orleans 190,766  9.0  %
Northshore 120,172  5.7  %
Acadiana 100,774  4.8  %
Total loans HFI $ 2,114,742  100.0  %
Nonperforming Assets
NPAs consist of nonperforming loans and property acquired through foreclosures or repossession. Nonperforming loans include loans that are contractually past due 90 days or more and loans that are on nonaccrual status. Loans are considered past due when principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments are due.
Asset quality is managed through disciplined underwriting policies, continual monitoring of loan performance, and focused management of NPAs. There can be no assurance, however, that the loan portfolio will not become subject to losses due to declines in economic conditions, deterioration in the financial condition of our borrowers, or a decline in the value of collateral.
NPAs totaled $5.2 million as of March 31, 2025, an increase of $1.9 million, or 58.6%, from $3.3 million as of December 31, 2024. This increase was primarily due to a past due loan, partially offset by payoffs and charge-offs of nonaccrual loans. As of early April 2025, the past due loan was brought current by the customer, and NPAs were further reduced by receiving principal payments on two legacy nonaccrual loans. The ratio of NPAs to assets was 0.16% as of March 31, 2025, and 0.10% as of December 31, 2024.
Nonperforming loan and asset information is summarized below:
(dollars in thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Nonperforming loans:
Nonaccrual loans $ 2,625  $ 2,968 
Accruing loans 90 or more days past due 2,438  266 
Total nonperforming loans 5,063  3,234 
Foreclosed assets:
Real estate 125  38 
Total foreclosed assets 125  38 
Total NPAs $ 5,188  $ 3,272 
Nonaccrual loans to loans HFI 0.12  % 0.14  %
Nonperforming loans to loans HFI
0.24  % 0.16  %
NPAs to assets 0.16  % 0.10  %
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Nonaccrual loans are summarized below by category:
(in thousands) March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
Real estate:
Commercial real estate $ 762  $ 734 
One-to-four family residential 574  686 
Construction and development 702  920 
Commercial and industrial 508  554 
Tax-exempt —  — 
Consumer 79  74 
Total nonaccrual loans $ 2,625  $ 2,968 
Potential Problem Loans
From a credit risk standpoint, we classify loans in one of five categories: pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful, or loss. Loan classifications reflect a judgment about the risk of default and loss associated with the loans. Classifications are reviewed periodically and adjusted to reflect the degree of risk and loss believed to be inherent in each loan. The methodology is structured so that reserve allocations are increased in accordance with deterioration in credit quality (and a corresponding increase in risk and loss) or decreased in accordance with improvement in credit quality (and a corresponding decrease in risk and loss).
Loans classified as pass are of satisfactory quality and do not require a more severe classification.
Loans classified as special mention have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If these weaknesses are not corrected, repayment possibilities for the loan may deteriorate. However, the loss potential does not warrant substandard classification.
Loans classified as substandard have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize normal repayment of principal and interest. Prompt corrective action is required to reduce exposure and to assure adequate remedial actions are taken by the borrower. If these weaknesses do not improve, loss is possible.
Loans classified as doubtful have well-defined weaknesses that make full collection improbable.
Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and charged-off to the ACL.
The following table summarizes loans HFI by risk rating:
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Amount Percent Amount Percent
Pass $ 2,098,241  99.2  % $ 2,060,335  99.3  %
Special Mention 10,490  0.5  % 8,330  0.4  %
Substandard 6,011  0.3  % 6,348  0.3  %
Total loans HFI $ 2,114,742  100.0  % $ 2,075,013  100.0  %
There were no loans as of March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024, classified as doubtful or loss.
Allowance for Credit Losses
In determining the ACL for loans HFI, we estimate losses on a collective pool basis when similar risk characteristics and risk profiles exist. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics are evaluated individually and excluded from the collective evaluation. The ACL is determined using the CECL model, which considers relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.
As of March 31, 2025, the ACL was $21.8 million, or 1.03% of loans HFI. As of December 31, 2024, the ACL totaled $21.7 million, or 1.05% of loans HFI. The $104,000 increase in the ACL for the first quarter of 2025 was due to $450,000 from the provision for credit losses on loans, partially offset by $346,000 of net charge-offs.
The provision for credit losses for the first quarter of 2025 was $450,000 for loans, which was $150,000 higher than the provision for credit losses of $300,000 for the prior quarter. The increase in the first quarter of 2025 was related to loan growth in the quarter, combined with uncertainty regarding tariffs and trade. The provision in the first quarter of 2024 was due to potential economic challenges resulting from the inflationary environment, changing monetary policy, and loan growth. We will continue to evaluate future provision needs in relation to current economic situations, loan growth, trends in asset quality, forecasted information, and other conditions influencing loss expectations.
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The following table displays activity in the ACL for March 31, 2025, and March 31, 2024:
As of and For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands) March 31,
2025
March 31,
2024
Loans HFI $ 2,114,742  $ 2,038,072 
Nonaccrual loans $ 2,625  $ 2,257 
Average loans $ 2,089,712  $ 2,015,063 
Allowance at beginning of period $ 21,731  $ 21,336 
Provision for credit losses 450  300 
Charge-offs:
Real estate:
One-to-four family residential (22) — 
Construction and development (250) — 
Commercial and industrial (39) (51)
Consumer (76) (80)
Total charge-offs (387) (131)
Recoveries:
Real estate:
One-to-four family residential
Commercial and industrial 15 
Consumer 31  41 
Total recoveries 41  59 
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries (346) (72)
Allowance at end of period $ 21,835  $ 21,564 
ACL to loans HFI 1.03  % 1.06  %
ACL to nonaccrual loans 831.81  % 955.43  %
Net charge-offs to average loans 0.02  % 0.00  %
We believe that we have established our ACL in accordance with GAAP and that the ACL was adequate to provide for known and inherent losses in the portfolio at all times shown above. Future provisions for credit losses on loans are subject to ongoing evaluations of the factors and loan portfolio risks, including economic pressures related to inflation, tariffs and trade, and natural disasters affecting the state of Louisiana. A decline in market area economic conditions, deterioration of asset quality, or growth in portfolio size could cause the allowance to become inadequate, and material additional provisions for credit losses could be required.
Deposits
Deposits are the primary funding source for loans and investments. We offer a variety of deposit products designed to attract and retain consumer, commercial, and public entity customers. These products consist of noninterest and interest-bearing checking accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, and time deposit accounts. Deposits are gathered from individuals, partnerships, corporations, and public entities located primarily in our market areas. We do not have any internet-sourced or brokered deposits.
Total deposits increased $20.6 million, or 0.7%, to $2.83 billion as of March 31, 2025, from $2.81 billion as of December 31, 2024. This increase was primarily a result of higher balances in consumer and commercial customer deposit accounts, partially offset by the seasonal outflow of funds from public entity customers. Noninterest-bearing deposits increased by $40.0 million, or 4.6%, to $906.5 million as of March 31, 2025. Noninterest-bearing deposits as a percentage of total deposits were 32.08% as of March 31, 2025, compared to 30.89% as of December 31, 2024. Interest-bearing deposits decreased by $19.5 million, or 1.0%, to $1.92 billion as of March 31, 2025.
The Bank has a granular, diverse deposit portfolio with customers in a variety of industries throughout Louisiana. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the average deposit account size was approximately $28,000.
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The following table presents our deposits by account type as of the dates indicated:
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Change from
December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Balance % of Total Balance % of Total $ Change % Change
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits $ 906,540  32.1  % $ 866,496  30.9  % $ 40,044  4.6  %
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing demand deposits 147,343  5.2  % 154,720  5.5  % (7,377) (4.8  %)
NOW accounts 432,054  15.3  % 467,118  16.7  % (35,064) (7.5  %)
Money market accounts 569,613  20.2  % 556,769  19.8  % 12,844  2.3  %
Savings accounts 175,239  6.2  % 169,894  6.1  % 5,345  3.1  %
Time deposits less than or equal to $250,000 403,354  14.2  % 403,096  14.3  % 258  0.1  %
Time deposits greater than $250,000 191,533  6.8  % 187,013  6.7  % 4,520  2.4  %
Total interest-bearing deposits 1,919,136  67.9  % 1,938,610  69.1  % (19,474) (1.0  %)
Total deposits $ 2,825,676  100.0  % $ 2,805,106  100.0  % $ 20,570  0.7  %
The following table presents deposits by customer type as of the dates indicated:
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Change from
December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025
(dollars in thousands) Balance % of Total Balance % of Total $ Change % Change
Consumer $ 1,388,944  49.1  % $ 1,362,740  48.6  % $ 26,204  1.9  %
Commercial 1,200,367  42.5  % 1,178,488  42.0  % 21,879  1.9  %
Public 236,365  8.4  % 263,878  9.4  % (27,513) (10.4  %)
Total deposits $ 2,825,676  100.0  % $ 2,805,106  100.0  % $ 20,570  0.7  %
We manage our interest expense on deposits through a deposit pricing strategy that is based on competitive pricing, economic conditions, and current or anticipated funding needs. We adjust deposit rates in part based upon our anticipated funding needs and liquidity position. We also consider the potential interest rate risk caused by extended maturities of time deposits when adjusting deposit rates.
Our average deposit balance was $2.82 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $36.2 million, or 1.3%, from $2.78 billion for the three months ended December 31, 2024. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits and total deposits for the first quarter of 2025 was 2.35% and 1.61%, respectively, compared to 2.55% and 1.71% for the prior quarter, respectively. The decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing deposits and total deposits in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the prior quarter was primarily due to lowering selected time deposit rates. Also, as of March 31, 2025, 8.7% of interest-bearing transaction deposits had floating rates, which adjust with market rates.
The following table presents our average deposits by account type and the average rate paid for the periods indicated:
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) Average
Balance
Average
Rate
Average
Balance
Average
Rate
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits $ 884,484  0.00  % $ 918,804  0.00  %
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing demand deposits 136,723  3.25  % 145,767  3.59  %
NOW accounts 467,157  1.30  % 393,312  1.26  %
Money market accounts 566,541  2.13  % 556,801  2.17  %
Savings accounts 171,464  0.15  % 167,895  0.15  %
Time deposits 592,368  3.80  % 599,910  4.17  %
Total interest-bearing deposits 1,934,253  2.35  % 1,863,685  2.55  %
Total average deposits $ 2,818,737  1.61  % $ 2,782,489  1.71  %
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As of March 31, 2025, our estimated uninsured deposits, which are the portion of deposit accounts that exceed the FDIC insurance limit (currently $250,000), were approximately $875.2 million, or 31.0% of total deposits, compared to $879.8 million, or 31.4% of total deposits, as of December 31, 2024. These amounts were estimated based on the same methodologies and assumptions used for regulatory reporting purposes. Also, as of March 31, 2025, our estimated uninsured deposits, excluding collateralized public entity deposits, were approximately $689.6 million, or 24.4% of total deposits, compared to $667.6 million, or 23.8% of total deposits, as of December 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2025, our cash and cash equivalents of $252.2 million combined with our available borrowing capacity of $1.66 billion equaled 218.4% of our estimated uninsured deposits and 277.1% of our estimated uninsured deposits, excluding collateralized public entity deposits.
The following table presents the amount of time deposits by account that are in excess of the FDIC insurance limit (currently $250,000) by time remaining until maturity for the period indicated:
(in thousands) March 31, 2025
Three months or less $ 40,590 
Over three months through six months 24,692 
Over six months through 12 months 26,390 
Over 12 months 2,361 
Total $ 94,033 
Borrowings
Although deposits are our primary source of funds, we may, from time to time, utilize borrowings as a cost-effective source of funds when such borrowings can be invested at a positive interest rate spread for additional capacity to fund loan demand or to meet our liquidity needs. We established borrowing capacity with the FHLB, the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window facility, and other correspondent banks to provide additional sources of operating funds. Our FHLB line of credit is secured by a blanket lien on selected Red River Bank loans that meet FHLB collateral requirements. Our Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window line of credit is collateralized by pledged securities and eligible Red River Bank loans that are not pledged to the FHLB. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had no outstanding borrowings under these agreements.
Stockholders’ Equity
Total stockholders’ equity as of March 31, 2025, was $333.3 million compared to $319.7 million as of December 31, 2024. The $13.6 million, or 4.2%, increase in stockholders’ equity was attributable to $10.4 million of net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $3.9 million, net of tax, market adjustment to AOCI related to securities, and $149,000 of stock compensation, partially offset by $813,000 in cash dividends.
During the second quarter of 2022, we reclassified $166.3 million, net of $17.9 million of unrealized loss, from AFS to HTM. The securities were transferred at fair value, which became the cost basis for the securities HTM. At the date of the transfer, the net unrealized loss of $17.9 million, of which $14.2 million, net of tax, was included in AOCI and is being amortized over the remaining life of the securities as a yield adjustment in a manner consistent with the amortization or accretion of the original purchase premium or discount on the associated security. There were no gains or losses recognized as a result of the transfer. As of March 31, 2025, the net unamortized, unrealized loss remaining on the transferred securities included in the consolidated balance sheets totaled $12.7 million, of which $10.0 million, net of tax, was included in AOCI.
On December 19, 2024, our board of directors approved the renewal of the 2024 stock repurchase program that expired on December 31, 2024. The renewed program authorizes us to purchase up to $5.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock from January 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025. Repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market at prevailing prices and based on market conditions, or in privately negotiated transactions.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock. As of March 31, 2025, we had $5.0 million available for repurchasing our common stock under the 2025 stock repurchase program.
Effective January 1, 2023, stock repurchases are subject to a nondeductible excise tax under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 equal to 1.0% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased, subject to certain limitations.
Regulatory Capital Requirements
Capital management consists of maintaining equity and other instruments that qualify as regulatory capital to support current and future operations. Banking regulators view capital levels as important indicators of an institution’s financial soundness. As a general matter, bank holding companies and FDIC-insured depository institutions are required to maintain minimum capital relative to the amount and types of assets they hold.
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As we deploy our capital and continue to grow our operations, our capital levels may decrease depending on our level of earnings. However, we expect to monitor and control our growth in order to remain in compliance with all regulatory capital standards applicable to us.
For additional information on regulatory capital guidelines and limits for the Bank and the Company, see “Item 1. Financial Statements - Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 8. Regulatory Capital Requirements.”
LIQUIDITY AND ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
Liquidity
As of March 31, 2025, we had sufficient liquid assets available and $1.66 billion accessible from other liquidity sources.
Liquidity involves our ability to raise funds to support asset growth and potential acquisitions, reduce assets to meet deposit withdrawals and other payment obligations, maintain reserve requirements, and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis and manage unexpected events. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, and the year ended December 31, 2024, liquidity needs were primarily met by core deposits, security and loan maturities, and cash flows from amortizing security and loan portfolios. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans are predictable sources of funds, deposit outflows, mortgage prepayments, and prepayments on amortizing securities are greatly influenced by market interest rates, economic conditions, and the competitive environment in which we operate; therefore, these cash flows are monitored regularly.
Liquidity levels are dependent on our operating, financing, lending, and investing activities during any given period. Access to purchased funds from correspondent banks and overnight advances from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta are also available. Purchased funds from correspondent banks and overnight advances can be utilized to meet funding obligations.
Our primary source of funds is deposits, and our primary use of funds is the funding of loans. We invest excess deposits in interest-earning deposit accounts at other banks or at the Federal Reserve, federal funds sold, securities, or other short-term liquid investments until the deposits are needed to fund loan growth or other obligations. Our average deposits increased $67.9 million, or 2.5%, for the first quarter of 2025, compared to the average deposits for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. The increase in average total deposits was primarily a result of higher balances in consumer and commercial customer deposit accounts, partially offset by the seasonal outflow of funds from public entity customers. Our average total loans increased $43.4 million, or 2.1%, for the first quarter of 2025, compared to average total loans for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. The increase in average total loans was primarily due to the increase in real estate and commercial and industrial activity.
As of March 31, 2025, liquid assets were $252.2 million, compared to $269.0 million as of December 31, 2024. The decrease of $16.8 million, or 6.3%, was primarily due to funding loan and securities growth that exceeded deposit growth in the first quarter of 2025. The liquid assets to assets ratio was 7.91% as of March 31, 2025, compared to 8.54% as of December 31, 2024.
Our securities portfolio is an alternative source for meeting liquidity needs and was our second-largest component of assets as of March 31, 2025. The securities portfolio generates cash flow through principal repayments, calls, and maturities, and certain securities can be sold or used as collateral in borrowings that allow for their conversion to cash. Securities AFS can generally be sold, while securities HTM have significant restrictions related to sales. As of March 31, 2025, we project receipt of approximately $80.0 million of principal repayments and maturities through December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, approximately $439.1 million, or 64.8%, of the fair value of the securities portfolio was available to be sold or to be used as collateral in borrowings as a liquidity source.
We also utilize the FHLB as needed as a viable funding source. FHLB advances may be used to meet the Bank’s liquidity needs, particularly if the prevailing interest rate on an FHLB advance compares favorably to the rates that would be required to attract the necessary deposits. We currently are classified as having “blanket lien collateral status,” which means that advances can be executed at any time without further collateral requirements. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our net borrowing capacity from the FHLB was $997.9 million and $931.6 million, respectively. There were no outstanding borrowings from the FHLB as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Another borrowing source is the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window. The Bank has pledged securities to have borrowing access to the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window. In addition, the Bank has been approved for the Discount Window’s Borrower-In-Custody “BIC” program, which provides borrowing capacity through the pledging of eligible Red River Bank loans that are not pledged to the FHLB. As of March 31, 2025, we had a total borrowing capacity of $127.0 million, including $89.1 million through the BIC program, compared to a total borrowing capacity of $157.8 million, including $118.7 million through the BIC program as of December 31, 2024. There were no outstanding borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Other sources available for meeting liquidity needs include federal funds lines, repurchase agreements, and other lines of credit. We maintain four federal funds lines of credit with commercial banks that provided for the availability to borrow up to an aggregate of $95.0 million in federal funds as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The rates for the federal funds lines are determined by the applicable commercial bank at the time of borrowing.
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We had no outstanding balances from these sources as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Commitments to Extend Credit
In the normal course of business, we enter into certain financial instruments, such as commitments to extend credit and letters of credit, to meet the financing needs of our customers. These commitments involve elements of credit risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk. Some instruments may not be reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements until they are funded, although they expose us to varying degrees of credit risk and interest rate risk in much the same way as funded loans.
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer if all conditions of the commitment have been met. Commitments include revolving and nonrevolving credit lines and are primarily issued for commercial purposes. Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing, and similar transactions.
As of March 31, 2025, we had $503.1 million in unfunded loan commitments and $14.6 million in commitments associated with outstanding standby letters of credit. As of December 31, 2024, we had $509.6 million in unfunded loan commitments and $11.9 million in commitments associated with outstanding standby letters of credit. As commitments associated with letters of credit and commitments to extend credit may expire unused, the total outstanding commitments may not necessarily reflect the actual future cash funding requirements.
Investment Commitments
We are party to various investment commitments in the normal course of business. Our exposure is represented by the contractual amount of these commitments.
In 2014, we committed to an investment into an SBIC limited partnership. As of March 31, 2025, there was a $226,000 outstanding commitment to this partnership.
In 2020, we committed to an additional investment into an SBIC limited partnership. As of March 31, 2025, there was a $1.9 million outstanding commitment to this partnership.
In 2021, we committed to an investment into a bank technology limited partnership. As of March 31, 2025, there was a $352,000 outstanding commitment to this partnership.
Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk
As a financial institution, our primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Our asset-liability management policies provide management with guidelines for effective funds management, and we have established a measurement system for monitoring our net interest rate sensitivity position. We have historically managed our rate sensitivity position within our established policy guidelines.
Fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact both the level of income and expense recorded on most of our assets and liabilities and the market value of all interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, other than those that have a short term to maturity. Interest rate risk is the potential of economic losses due to future interest rate changes. These economic losses can be reflected as a loss of future net interest income and/or a loss of current fair market values. The objective is to measure the effect on net interest income and to adjust the balance sheet to minimize the inherent risk while at the same time maximizing income.
We manage exposure to interest rates by structuring the balance sheet appropriately during the ordinary course of business. We have the ability to enter into interest rate swaps to mitigate interest rate risk in limited circumstances, but it is not our policy to enter into such transactions on a regular basis. We do not enter into instruments such as financial options, financial futures contracts, or forward delivery contracts for the purpose of reducing interest rate risk. We are not subject to foreign exchange risk, and our commodity price risk is immaterial, as the percentage of our agricultural loans to loans HFI was only 0.41% as of March 31, 2025.
Our exposure to interest rate risk is managed by the Bank’s Asset-Liability Management Committee. The committee formulates strategies based on appropriate levels of interest rate risk and monitors the results of those strategies. In determining the appropriate level of interest rate risk, the committee considers the impact on both earnings and capital given the current outlook on interest rates, regional economies, liquidity, business strategies, and other related factors.
The committee meets quarterly to review, among other things, the sensitivity of assets and liabilities to interest rate changes, the book and economic values of assets and liabilities, unrealized gains and losses, purchase and sale activities, commitments to originate loans, and the maturities of investments and borrowings. Additionally, the committee reviews liquidity, cash flow flexibility, maturities of deposits, and consumer and commercial deposit activity.
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We employ methodologies to manage interest rate risk, which include an analysis of relationships between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as well as an interest rate simulation model and shock analysis.
In conjunction with our interest rate risk management process, on a quarterly basis, we run various simulations within a static balance sheet model. This model tests the impact on net interest income and fair value of equity from changes in market interest rates under various scenarios. We use parallel rate shock scenarios that assume instantaneous parallel movements in the yield curve compared to a flat yield curve scenario. We also deploy a ramped rate scenario over a 12-month and 24-month horizon based upon parallel yield curve shifts. Our nonparallel rate shock model simulation involves analysis of interest income and expense under various changes in the shape of the yield curve. Contractual maturities and repricing opportunities of loans are incorporated into the model, as are prepayment assumptions and maturity date and call options within the securities portfolio. The average life of non-maturity deposit accounts are based on assumptions developed from non-maturity deposit decay studies, which calculate average lives using historic closure rates.
Bank policy regarding interest rate risk simulations performed by our risk model currently specifies that for instantaneous parallel shifts of the yield curve, estimated net interest income at risk for the subsequent one-year period should not decline by more than 10.0% for a 100 bp shift, 15.0% for a 200 bp shift, and 20.0% for a 300 bp shift. In accordance with Bank policy regarding economic value at risk simulations performed by our risk model for instantaneous parallel shifts of the yield curve, estimated fair value of equity for the subsequent one-year period should not decline by more than 10.0% for a 100 bp shift, 20.0% for a 200 bp shift, and 30.0% for a 300 bp shift.
The following table shows the impact of an instantaneous and parallel change in rates, at the levels indicated, and summarizes the simulated change in net interest income and fair value of equity over a 12-month horizon as of the dates indicated.
March 31, 2025 December 31, 2024
% Change in
Net Interest
Income
% Change in
Fair Value
of Equity
% Change in
Net Interest
Income
% Change in
Fair Value
of Equity
Change in Interest Rates (Bps)  
+300 5.0  % 0.3  % 4.7  % (0.4  %)
+200 3.4  % 0.9  % 3.2  % 0.3  %
+100 1.8  % 0.9  % 1.6  % 0.6  %
Base
—  % —  % —  % —  %
-100 (1.5  %) (1.0  %) (1.5  %) (0.2  %)
-200 (4.4  %) (5.7  %) (4.4  %) (4.1  %)
-300 (7.3  %) (13.2  %) (7.2  %) (11.1  %)
The results above, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, demonstrate that our balance sheet is asset sensitive, which means our assets have the opportunity to reprice at a faster pace than our liabilities, over the 12-month horizon. Our repricing opportunity is captured in a gap analysis, which is the process by which we measure the repricing gap between interest-rate sensitive assets versus interest rate-sensitive liabilities.
As of March 31, 2025, the reported percentage of changes in net interest income and fair value of equity remained within the policy thresholds. These values are reported at each quarterly Asset-Liability Management Committee meeting. The net interest income at risk and the fair value of equity will continue to be monitored, and appropriate mitigating action will be taken if needed.
The impact of our floating rate loans and floating rate transaction deposits are also reflected in the results shown in the above table. As of March 31, 2025, floating rate loans were 17.6% of loans HFI, and floating rate transaction deposits were 8.7% of interest-bearing transaction deposits.
The assumptions incorporated into the model are inherently uncertain, and as a result, the model cannot precisely measure future net interest income or precisely predict the impact of fluctuations in market interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from the model’s simulated results due to timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes, as well as changes in market conditions and the application and timing of various management strategies and the slope of the yield curve.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Our accounting and reporting policies conform to GAAP and the prevailing practices in the banking industry. Certain financial measures used by management to evaluate our operating performance are discussed in this Report as supplemental non-GAAP performance measures. In accordance with the SEC’s rules, we classify a financial measure as being a non-GAAP financial measure if that financial measure excludes or includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding or including amounts, that are included or excluded, as the case may be, in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP as in effect from time to time in the U.S.
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Management and the board of directors review tangible book value per share, tangible common equity to tangible assets, and realized book value per share as part of managing operating performance. However, these non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in this Report should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the most directly comparable or other financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner we calculate the non-GAAP financial measures that are discussed in this Report may differ from that of other companies’ reporting measures with similar names. It is important to understand how such other banking organizations calculate and name their financial measures similar to the non-GAAP financial measures discussed in this Report when comparing such non-GAAP financial measures.
Tangible Book Value Per Share. Tangible book value per share is a non-GAAP measure commonly used by investors, financial analysts, and investment bankers to evaluate financial institutions. We believe that this measure is important to many investors in the marketplace who are interested in changes from period to period in book value per share exclusive of changes in intangible assets. We calculate tangible book value per share as total stockholders’ equity, less intangible assets, divided by the outstanding number of shares of our common stock at the end of the relevant period. Intangible assets have the effect of increasing total book value while not increasing tangible book value. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure for tangible book value per share is book value per share.
As a result of previous acquisitions, we have a small amount of intangible assets. As of March 31, 2025, total intangible assets were $1.5 million, which is less than 1.0% of total assets.
Tangible Common Equity to Tangible Assets. Tangible common equity to tangible assets is a non-GAAP measure generally used by investors, financial analysts, and investment bankers to evaluate financial institutions. We believe that this measure is important to many investors in the marketplace who are interested in the relative changes from period to period of tangible common equity to tangible assets, each exclusive of changes in intangible assets. Intangible assets have the effect of increasing both total stockholders’ equity and assets while not increasing our tangible common equity or tangible assets. We calculate tangible common equity as total stockholders’ equity less intangible assets, and we calculate tangible assets as total assets less intangible assets. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure for tangible common equity to tangible assets is total common stockholders’ equity to total assets.
Realized Book Value Per Share. Realized book value per share is a non-GAAP measure that we use to evaluate our operating performance. We believe that this measure is important because it allows us to monitor changes from period to period in book value per share exclusive of changes in AOCI. Our AOCI is impacted primarily by the unrealized gains and losses on securities AFS. These unrealized gains or losses on securities AFS are driven by market factors and may also be temporary and vary greatly from period to period. Due to the possibly temporary and greatly variable nature of these changes, we find it useful to monitor realized book value per share. We calculate realized book value per share as total stockholders’ equity less AOCI, divided by the outstanding number of shares of our common stock at the end of the relevant period. AOCI has the effect of increasing or decreasing total book value while not increasing or decreasing realized book value. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure for realized book value per share is book value per share.
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The following table reconciles, as of the dates set forth below, stockholders’ equity to tangible common equity, stockholders’ equity to realized common equity, and assets to tangible assets, and presents related resulting ratios.
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
March 31,
2024
Tangible common equity
Total stockholders’ equity $ 333,316  $ 319,739  $ 299,314 
Adjustments:
Intangible assets (1,546) (1,546) (1,546)
Total tangible common equity (non-GAAP) $ 331,770  $ 318,193  $ 297,768 
Realized common equity
Total stockholders’ equity $ 333,316  $ 319,739  $ 299,314 
Adjustments:
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss 56,358  60,247  62,700 
Total realized common equity (non-GAAP) $ 389,674  $ 379,986  $ 362,014 
Common shares outstanding 6,777,657  6,777,238  6,892,448 
Book value per share $ 49.18  $ 47.18  $ 43.43 
Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP) $ 48.95  $ 46.95  $ 43.20 
Realized book value per share (non-GAAP) $ 57.49  $ 56.07  $ 52.52 
Tangible assets
Total assets $ 3,186,432  $ 3,149,594  $ 3,073,298 
Adjustments:
Intangible assets (1,546) (1,546) (1,546)
Total tangible assets (non-GAAP) $ 3,184,886  $ 3,148,048  $ 3,071,752 
Total stockholders’ equity to assets 10.46  % 10.15  % 9.74  %
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (non-GAAP) 10.42  % 10.11  % 9.69  %
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and with general practices within the financial services industry. Application of these principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under current circumstances. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis. Use of alternative assumptions may have resulted in significantly different estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
There were no other material changes or developments during the reporting period with respect to methodologies that we use when developing critical accounting estimates as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. For details on the significant accounting principles and practices we follow, see “Item 1. Financial Statements - Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in this Report and “Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
See “Item 1. Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Recent Accounting Pronouncements.”
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Asset-Liability Management - Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk.” Additional information as of March 31, 2025, is included herein under “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Asset-Liability Management - Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk.” The foregoing information is incorporated into this Item 3 by reference.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Report, an evaluation was performed by our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well-designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management was required to apply judgment in evaluating our controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Report.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the first quarter of 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
51

Table of Contents    
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we, including our subsidiaries, are or may be involved in various legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, neither we, nor any of our subsidiaries, are involved in such legal proceedings that the resolution is expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. However, one or more unfavorable outcomes in these ordinary claims or litigation against us or our subsidiaries could have a material adverse effect for the period in which they are resolved. In addition, regardless of their merits or ultimate outcomes, such matters are costly, divert management’s attention, and may materially and adversely affect our reputation or that of our subsidiaries, even if resolved favorably.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
For information regarding risk factors that could affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations, see the information in “Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Our purchases of shares of common stock made during the quarter are summarized in the table below:
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased
Average Price Paid per Share(1)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program(2)(3)
January 1 - January 31, 2025 $ —  $ 5,000 
February 1 - February 28, 2025 $ —  $ 5,000 
March 1 - March 31, 2025 $ —  $ 5,000 
Total $ —  $ 5,000 
(1)Average price paid per share includes the commission expense paid on the share repurchases, but excludes the excise tax recorded on the share repurchases.
(2)On December 19, 2024, we announced that our board of directors approved the renewal of the 2024 stock repurchase program. The renewed stock repurchase program has similar terms to the 2024 stock repurchase program and authorizes us to purchase up to $5.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock from January 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025. Repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market at prevailing prices and based on market conditions, or in privately negotiated transactions.
(3)The approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program is reduced by the amount of the commission expense and the excise tax recorded on the share repurchases.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
52

Table of Contents    
Item 6. Exhibits
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
3.1
3.2
10.1
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101 The following financial information from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, is formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity, (v) the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document* - The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document*
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File* - Formatted as Inline XBRL and contained within the Inline XBRL Instance Document in Exhibit 101.
* Filed herewith
** These exhibits are furnished herewith and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.
+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.
#
Certain exhibits to the Agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. We will furnish the omitted exhibits to the SEC upon request.
53

Table of Contents    
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
Date: May 9, 2025 By: /s/ R. Blake Chatelain
R. Blake Chatelain
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: May 9, 2025 By: /s/ Isabel V. Carriere
Isabel V. Carriere, CPA, CGMA
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Assistant Corporate Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
54
EX-10.1 2 rrbiexhibit101q12025.htm EX-10.1 Document
Exhibit 10.1
RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
AND
RED RIVER BANK
AMENDED AND RESTATED DIRECTOR COMPENSATION PROGRAM
This AMENDED AND RESTATED DIRECTOR COMPENSATION PROGRAM (this “Program”), originally adopted effective as of January 23, 2020, and amended and restated effective February 25, 2021, as further amended and restated effective February 22, 2024 (the “Effective Date”), by the Boards of Directors of Red River Bancshares, Inc. (the “Company”) and its subsidiary, Red River Bank (the “Bank”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company and the Bank previously established a Director Compensation Program effective as of April 1, 2000, for the purpose of compensating non-employee directors of the Company and the Bank (“Directors”) for their time, commitment and contributions to their respective boards;
WHEREAS, the Director Compensation Program provides for the payment of cash compensation to Directors of the Company and the Bank in the form of a fee for attendance at board and committee meetings;
WHEREAS, the Director Compensation Program was amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2017 (as amended, the “Original Program”) for the purpose of providing Directors with the ability to receive payment of board fees in the form of shares of common stock of the Company;
WHEREAS, in lieu of cash payments of board and committee fees, the Original Program also provided Directors with the option to defer their board and committee fees pursuant to the terms and provisions of the Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors and Senior Management Employees of Red River Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries (as amended, the “Deferred Compensation Plan”);
WHEREAS, effective July 30, 2019, the Deferred Compensation Plan was amended and restated to limit participation to non-employee directors of the Company and its subsidiaries, and, effective July 31, 2019, such plan was terminated with the effect that non-employee directors are no longer eligible to participate in the Company’s Deferred Compensation Plan following such termination date;
WHEREAS, effective January 23, 2020, the Board of Directors of the Company and the Board of Directors of the Bank (each a “Board” and collectively, the “Boards”) amended and restated the Original Program for the purpose of (i) eliminating certain provisions relating to a director’s ability to defer board and committee fees, and (ii) incorporating an annual retainer that has been authorized by the Company’s Compensation Committee; and
WHEREAS, effective February 25, 2023, the Boards amended and restated the Program to specify the date on which the Company will issue shares of common stock of the Company in payment of board fee; and
WHEREAS, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (the “Committee”) desires to recommend to the Boards to amend and restate the Original Program to revise the fees paid to Directors.
-1-



NOW, THEREFORE, the Director Compensation Program is hereby amended and restated as follows:
1.Fee Schedule. Each Director of the Company and the Bank, other than Directors who are also employees of the Company or the Bank, shall be eligible to receive the following:
(a)an Annual Retainer, as described in Section 2 below; and
(b)cash fees from the Company and/or the Bank, as applicable, for attendance at meetings of the Board (“Board Fees”) and committees of the Board (“Committee Fees”), in accordance with the Fee Schedule attached hereto as Exhibit A (as may be amended from time to time by Boards, the “Fee Schedule”).
2.Annual Retainer.
(a)Initial Appointment to the Board. Upon a Director’s initial appointment to the Company Board or the Bank Board, as applicable, such Director will become entitled to an annual retainer in the amount set forth on the Fee Schedule attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Annual Retainer”), which Annual Retainer amount shall be prorated based on the portion of the year that has elapsed since the last annual meeting of shareholders of the Company or the Bank, as applicable, and assuming that the next succeeding annual meeting will occur exactly one year following the prior annual meeting.
(b)Annual Election to the Board. Immediately following the Company’s annual meeting of shareholders or the Bank’s annual meeting of shareholders, as applicable, at which a Director is elected to serve, such Director will become entitled to an annual retainer in the amount set forth on the Fee Schedule attached hereto as Exhibit A.
(c)Payment of Annual Retainer. The Annual Retainer shall be paid in cash by the Company or the Bank, as applicable, in a lump sum payment to be made as soon as practicable following the calendar quarter in which such Annual Retainer is earned in accordance with Section 2(a) or Section 2(b)2 above, as applicable.
(d)Partial Year of Service. In the event a Director retires, resigns or is removed from office for cause (as determined by the remaining members of the Company Board or Bank Board, as applicable, in its sole discretion) other than on the date of an annual meeting of shareholders of the Company or the Bank, as applicable, the Director shall reimburse to the Company or the Bank, as applicable, a pro rata portion of the Annual Retainer based on the portion of the 12-month period beginning on the date of the last annual meeting that such Director will not serve.
3.Board Fees.
(a)Payment of Board Fees. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 3(b) below, Board Fees shall be paid in cash by the Company and/or the Bank, as applicable, in four quarterly installments as soon as practicable following the calendar quarter in which such Board Fees were earned.
(b)Stock Elections. Notwithstanding Section 3(a) above, each Director shall be permitted to make an election to receive Board Fees in shares of common stock of the Company (“Shares”) by filing with the Administrator an election notice in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (an “Election Notice”). Any election made pursuant to this Section 3(b) will be applicable with respect to one hundred percent (100%) of such Director’s Board Fees. Absent an election made in accordance with the requirements of this Section 3(b), all Board Fees shall be paid in cash in accordance with Section 3(a) above.
-2-


(i)Election Notice. Any election made pursuant to this Section 3(b) must be submitted to the Administrator on or prior to December 31 of the calendar year that immediately precedes the calendar year for which such election will be effective. With respect to a newly-appointed Director, an election made pursuant to this Section 3(b) must be submitted to the Administrator no later than thirty (30) days following the date of the commencement of such Directors’ service with the Company and/or the Bank, as applicable. An Election Notice will remain in effect with respect to future election years unless the Director revokes such election on or prior to December 31 of the calendar year that immediately precedes the calendar year for which such election is to be revoked. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Director may not submit or revoke an Election Notice during any “blackout period” as defined in the Company’s Insider Trading Policy.
(ii)Issuance of Shares. During each calendar year for which an effective election is made by a Director pursuant to this Section 3(b), the Administrator shall maintain a bookkeeping account established in the name of such Director to reflect the accrued balance attributable to Board Fees payable in Shares. Beginning in 2022 for Board Fees earned during 2021, on January 31st following the end of the applicable calendar year in which the Board Fees were earned, the Company will issue to such Director a number of fully vested Shares equal to the accrued balance attributable to such calendar year divided by the closing sales price for a Share as quoted on the Nasdaq Stock Market on the date of issuance or, if there are no reported sales on such date, on the last preceding date on which any reported sale occurred.. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no fractional Shares shall be issued. In lieu thereof, any Board Fees attributable to a fractional Share shall be paid to such Director in cash on the date the Shares are issued.
4.Committee Fees. Committee Fees shall be paid in cash by the Company and/or the Bank, as applicable, in four quarterly installments as soon as practicable following the calendar quarter in which such Board Fees were earned.
5.Administrator. The Company Board may delegate administration of this Program to a committee of one or more members of the Company Board or to one or more officers of the Company. The term “Administrator” shall apply to any person or persons to whom such authority has been delegated.
6.Board Discretion. The Board may at any time amend, alter, suspend or terminate this Program. The Board shall have the sole discretion to interpret and enforce this Program.
7.Effective Date. This Program shall apply to all Directors from and after the Effective Date.
* * * *
-3-


EXHIBIT A
FEE SCHEDULE
Fee Amounts
As applicable, Directors of the Company and/or the Bank will be paid an Annual Retainer, Board Fees and Committee Fees as follows:
1.$10,000 Annual Retainer
2.$1,500 for each Board meeting attended
3.$5,000 Annual Retainer to the Audit Committee Chairman
4.$500 for each Audit Committee meeting attended by the Audit Committee Chairman
5.$300 for each Audit Committee meeting attended by committee members
6.$200 for each committee meeting attended (other than the Audit Committee)
Attendance by a Director at a Board or Committee meeting is determined by the Secretary of the Company or the Bank, as applicable, or in his or her absence, by the Assistant Secretary or such other person designated to record the official minutes of the meeting.
Limitations
The following limitations will be applicable to the payment of the Annual Retainer and Board and Committee Fees:
1.Persons who are directors of both the Company and the Bank shall be entitled to only one Annual Retainer, which shall reflect his or her service on the Bank Board.
2.Persons who are directors of the Company shall be paid a Board Fee for attendance at each meeting of the Company Board; provided, however, that persons who are directors of both the Company and the Bank will only be paid a fee for attendance at a meeting of the Company Board when such meetings are not held on the same day as a meeting of the Bank Board.
3.Persons who are directors of the Bank shall be paid a Board Fee for attendance at each meeting of the Bank Board.
4.Persons who are members of a committee of the Company Board or Bank Board shall be paid a Committee Fee for attendance at each committee meeting.
5.Directors who are also officers or employees of the Company and/or the Bank shall not be eligible to receive an Annual Retainer or any fees for attendance at Board or Committee meetings.

Exhibit A-1


EXHIBIT B
RED RIVER BANCSHARES, INC.
AND
RED RIVER BANK
AMENDED AND RESTATED DIRECTOR COMPENSATION PROGRAM
Election Notice
This Election Notice is entered into pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Director Compensation Program (the “Program”), as adopted by the Boards of Directors of Red River Bancshares, Inc. (the “Company”) and its subsidiary, Red River Bank (the “Bank”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Program.
Director Information:
Name
First Middle Initial Last
Effectiveness of Election Notice:
For existing Directors, this Election Notice must be submitted to the Administrator on or prior to December 31 of the calendar year that immediately precedes the calendar year for which such election will be effective. For newly-appointed Directors, this Election Notice must be submitted to the Administrator no later than thirty (30) days following the date of the commencement of such Directors’ service with the Company and/or the Bank, as applicable. An Election Notice will remain in effect with respect to future election years unless the Director revokes such election on or prior to December 31 of the calendar year that immediately precedes the calendar year for which such election is to be revoked. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Director may not submit or revoke an Election Notice during any “blackout period” as defined in the Company’s Insider Trading Policy.
Director Election for Payment of Board Fees:
In accordance with Section 3(b) of the Program, I hereby elect to have one hundred percent (100%) of my Board Fees paid to me in shares of common stock of the Company.
Taxes:
I hereby acknowledge and understand that the receipt of Board Fees, regardless of the form of payment, will ultimately be taxable to me. I further acknowledge and understand that I (and not the Company or the Bank) shall be responsible for my own tax liability resulting from the payment of Board Fees, regardless of the form of payment elected hereby. I hereby agree and acknowledge that I have reviewed the tax consequences of the election made hereby with my own tax advisors, including any U.S. federal, state and local tax laws, and any other applicable taxing jurisdiction, and that I am relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company, the Bank or any of their respective representatives. Neither the Company nor the Bank makes any representation or undertaking regarding the tax treatment of any aspect of the Program.
Exhibit B-1


Director Authorization:
I agree that I have read and understand that all elections are subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Program and this Election Notice. I authorize the Company and the Bank to implement this Election Notice.
DIRECTOR
Print Name:
Dated:

INSTRUCTIONS
Please submit your completed and signed Election Notice (both pages) to Julia Callis, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary.
Keep a copy of your completed and signed Election Notice for your records.
Exhibit B-2
EX-31.1 3 rrbiexhibit311q12025.htm EX-31.1 Document
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, R. Blake Chatelain, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Red River Bancshares, Inc. (the “registrant”);
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 9, 2025 By: /s/ R. Blake Chatelain
R. Blake Chatelain
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2 4 rrbiexhibit312q12025.htm EX-31.2 Document
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Isabel V. Carriere, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Red River Bancshares, Inc. (the “registrant”);
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 9, 2025 By: /s/ Isabel V. Carriere
Isabel V. Carriere, CPA, CGMA
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Assistant Corporate Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1 5 rrbiexhibit321q12025.htm EX-32.1 Document
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS
ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Red River Bancshares, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, R. Blake Chatelain, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: May 9, 2025 By: /s/ R. Blake Chatelain
R. Blake Chatelain
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-32.2 6 rrbiexhibit322q12025.htm EX-32.2 Document
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS
ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Red River Bancshares, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Isabel V. Carriere, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Assistant Corporate Secretary of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: May 9, 2025 By: /s/ Isabel V. Carriere
Isabel V. Carriere, CPA, CGMA
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Assistant Corporate Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)