NEW YORK, NY - February 13, 2024 - Moody's Corporation (NYSE: MCO) today announced results for the fourth quarter and full year 2023, and provided its outlook for full year 2024.

Fourth Quarter 2023						Full Year 2023
•Revenue increased 15%, or 13% on a constant currency basis1, from the prior-year period. •MA’s revenue grew 11%, or 10% on a constant currency basis1, from the prior-year period, with all lines of business achieving double-digit revenue growth. •MIS’s revenue grew 19%, or 17% on a constant currency basis1, from the prior-year period, as debt capital markets continued to recover and the outlook for macroeconomic conditions improved.						•Revenue increased to $5.9 billion, up 8% from the prior year. •MA’s revenue grew 10% from the prior year, to over $3 billion, now representing 52% of MCO’s total revenue. •MIS’s revenue grew 6% as markets stabilized and issuers acclimatized to the higher interest rate environment. •Foreign currency exchange had an immaterial impact on MCO, MA and MIS’s revenues.

Fourth Quarter 2023						Full Year 2023
•Revenue increased 11%, or 10% on a constant currency basis1, from the prior-year period. •Decision Solutions revenue grew 10%, or 8% on a constant currency basis1. Banking, Insurance and Know Your Customer (KYC) reported revenue grew 4%, 9% and 22%, respectively. •Research & Insights revenue increased 12%, or 11% on a constant currency basis1, reflecting continued demand and a more favorable sales mix in the quarter. •Data & Information revenue increased 14%, or 11% on a constant currency basis1. Growth continues to be driven by rising demand for ratings data feeds.						•Revenue increased 10% from the prior year. Foreign currency translation had an immaterial impact on MA’s revenue. •Annualized Recurring Revenue or ARR2 was up 10% with Decision Solutions, Research & Insights and Data & Information ARR growing 11%, 7% and 10%, respectively. •Within Decision Solutions, ARR growth for Banking, Insurance and KYC was 9%, 11% and 17%.

Moody’s Investors Service (MIS)

Moody’s updated outlook for full year 2024, as of February 13, 2024, reflects assumptions about numerous factors that could affect its business and is based on currently available information reviewed by management through, and as of, today’s date. These assumptions include, but are not limited to, the effects of current economic conditions, including the effects of interest rates, inflation, foreign currency exchange rates, capital markets’ liquidity, and activity in different sectors of the debt markets. This outlook also reflects assumptions about global GDP growth, and the impacts resulting from changes in international conditions, including as a result of the Russia-Ukraine military conflict, and the military conflict in Israel and surrounding areas. Actual full year 2024 results could differ materially from Moody’s current outlook.

This outlook incorporates various specific macroeconomic assumptions, including:

A full summary of Moody's full year 2024 guidance as of February 13, 2024, is included in Table 12 – “2024 Outlook” at the end of this press release.

Certain statements contained in this document are forward-looking statements and are based on future expectations, plans and prospects for Moody’s business and operations that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such statements involve estimates, projections, goals, forecasts, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. Stockholders and investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements and other information in this document are made as of the date hereof, and Moody’s undertakes no obligation (nor does it intend) to publicly supplement, update or revise such statements on a going-forward basis, whether as a result of subsequent developments, changed expectations or otherwise, except as required by applicable law or regulation. In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Moody’s is identifying certain factors that could cause actual results to differ, perhaps materially, from those indicated by these forward-looking statements. These factors, risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: the impact of general economic conditions (including significant government debt and deficit levels, and inflation and related monetary policy actions by governments in response to inflation) on worldwide credit markets and on economic activity, including on the volume of mergers and acquisitions, and their effects on the volume of debt and other securities issued in domestic and/or global capital markets; the uncertain effectiveness and possible collateral consequences of U.S. and foreign government initiatives and monetary policy to respond to the current economic climate, including instability of financial institutions, credit quality concerns, and other potential impacts of volatility in financial and credit markets; the global impacts of the Russia - Ukraine military conflict and the military conflict in Israel and the surrounding areas on volatility in world financial markets, on general economic conditions and GDP in the U.S. and worldwide, on global relations and on the Company's own operations and personnel; other matters that could affect the volume of debt and other securities issued in domestic and/or global capital markets, including regulation, increased utilization of technologies that have the potential to intensify competition and accelerate disruption and disintermediation in the financial services industry, as well as the number of issuances of securities without ratings or securities which are rated or evaluated by non-traditional parties; the level of merger and acquisition activity in the U.S. and abroad; the uncertain effectiveness and possible collateral consequences of U.S. and foreign government actions affecting credit markets, international trade and economic policy, including those related to tariffs, tax agreements and trade barriers; the impact of MIS’s withdrawal of its credit ratings on countries or entities within countries and of Moody’s no longer conducting commercial operations in countries where political instability warrants such actions; concerns in the marketplace affecting our credibility or otherwise affecting market perceptions of the integrity or utility of independent credit agency ratings; the introduction or development of competing and/or emerging technologies and products; pricing pressure from competitors and/or customers; the level of success of new product development and global expansion; the impact of regulation as an NRSRO, the potential for new U.S., state and local legislation and regulations; the potential for increased competition and regulation in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the EU; exposure to litigation related to our rating opinions, as well as any other litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquiries to which Moody’s may be subject from time to time; provisions in U.S. legislation modifying the pleading standards and EU regulations modifying the liability standards applicable to credit rating agencies in a manner adverse to credit rating agencies; provisions of EU regulations imposing additional procedural and substantive requirements on the pricing of services and the expansion of supervisory remit to include non-EU ratings used for regulatory purposes; uncertainty regarding the future relationship between the U.S. and China; the possible loss of key employees and the impact of the global labor environment; failures or malfunctions of our operations and infrastructure; any vulnerabilities to cyber threats or other cybersecurity concerns; the timing and effectiveness of our restructuring programs, such as the 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program; currency and foreign exchange volatility; the outcome of any review by tax authorities of Moody’s global tax planning initiatives; exposure to potential criminal sanctions or civil remedies if Moody’s fails to comply with foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that are applicable in the jurisdictions in which Moody’s operates, including data protection and privacy laws, sanctions laws, anti-corruption laws, and local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to government officials; the impact of mergers, acquisitions, such as our acquisition of RMS, or other business combinations and the ability of Moody’s to successfully integrate acquired businesses; the level of future cash flows; the levels of capital investments; and a decline in the demand for credit risk management tools by financial institutions. These factors, risks and uncertainties as well as other risks and uncertainties that could cause Moody’s actual results to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements are described in greater detail under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of Moody’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and in other filings made by the Company from time to time with the SEC or in materials incorporated herein or therein. Stockholders and investors are cautioned that the occurrence of any of these factors, risks and uncertainties may cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements, which could have a material and adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. New factors may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict new factors, nor can the Company assess the potential effect of any new factors on it. Forward-looking and other statements in this document may also address our corporate responsibility progress, plans, and goals (including sustainability and environmental matters), and the inclusion of such statements is not an indication that these contents are necessarily material to investors or required to be disclosed in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, historical, current, and forward-looking sustainability-related statements may be based on standards for measuring progress that are still developing, internal controls and processes that continue to evolve, and assumptions that are subject to change in the future.

The table below shows revenue and Adjusted Operating Income by reportable segment. Adjusted Operating Income is a financial metric utilized by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to assess the profitability of each reportable segment.

The following tables summarize the split between transaction revenue and recurring revenue. In the MA segment, recurring revenue represents subscription-based revenue and software maintenance revenue. Transaction revenue in MA represents perpetual software license fees and revenue from software implementation services, risk management advisory projects, and training and certification services. In the MIS segment, excluding MIS Other, transaction revenue represents the initial rating of a new debt issuance, as well as other one-time fees, while recurring revenue represents recurring monitoring fees of a rated debt obligation and/or entities that issue such obligations, as well as revenue from programs such as commercial paper, medium-term notes and shelf registrations. In MIS Other, transaction revenue represents revenue from professional services, while recurring revenue represents subscription-based revenue.

The Company presents Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Margin because management deems these metrics to be useful measures to provide additional perspective on Moody's operating performance. Adjusted Operating Income excludes the impact of: i) depreciation and amortization; and ii) restructuring charges/adjustments. Depreciation and amortization are excluded because companies utilize productive assets of different estimated useful lives and use different methods of acquiring and depreciating productive assets. Restructuring charges/adjustments are excluded as the frequency and magnitude of these charges may vary widely across periods and companies.

Management believes that the exclusion of the aforementioned items, as detailed in the reconciliation below, allows for an additional perspective on the Company’s operating results from period to period and across companies. The Company defines Adjusted Operating Margin as Adjusted Operating Income divided by revenue.

The Company defines Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by operating activities minus cash paid for capital additions. Management believes that Free Cash Flow is a useful metric in assessing the Company’s cash flows to service debt, pay dividends and to fund acquisitions and share repurchases. Management deems capital expenditures essential to the Company’s product and service innovations and maintenance of Moody’s operational capabilities. Accordingly, capital expenditures are deemed to be a recurring use of Moody’s cash flow.

Below is a reconciliation of the Company’s net cash flows from operating activities to Free Cash Flow:

The Company presents constant currency revenue growth as its non-GAAP measure of revenue growth. Management deems this measure to be useful in providing additional perspective in assessing the Company's revenue growth excluding the impacts of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company calculates the dollar impact of foreign exchange as the difference between the translation of its current period non-USD functional currency results using comparative prior period weighted average foreign exchange translation rates and current year reported results.

Below is a reconciliation of the Company's reported revenue and growth rates to its constant currency revenue growth measures:

The Company presents Annualized Recurring Revenue (“ARR”) on a constant currency organic basis for its MA business as a supplemental performance metric to provide additional insight on the estimated value of MA's recurring revenue contracts at a given point in time. The Company uses ARR to manage and monitor performance of its MA operating segment and believes that this metric is a key indicator of the trajectory of MA's recurring revenue base.

The Company calculates ARR by taking the total recurring contract value for each active renewable contract as of the reporting date, divided by the number of days in the contract and multiplied by 365 days to create an annualized value. The Company defines renewable contracts as subscriptions, term licenses, maintenance and renewable services. ARR excludes transaction sales including training, one-time services and perpetual licenses. In order to compare period-over-period ARR excluding the effects of foreign currency translation, the Company bases the calculation on currency rates utilized in its current year operating budget and holds these FX rates constant for the duration of all current and prior periods being reported. Additionally, ARR excludes contracts related to acquisitions to provide additional perspective in assessing growth excluding the impacts from certain acquisition activity.

The Company’s definition of ARR may differ from definitions utilized by other companies reporting similarly named measures, and this metric should be viewed in addition to, and not as a substitute for, financial measures presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The Company presents Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS because management deems these metrics to be useful measures to provide additional perspective on Moody's operating performance. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS exclude the impact of: i) amortization of acquired intangible assets; ii) restructuring charges/adjustments; iii) a gain on the extinguishment of debt; and iv) FX translation losses reclassified to earnings resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia.

The Company excludes the impact of amortization of acquired intangible assets as companies utilize intangible assets with different estimated useful lives and have different methods of acquiring and amortizing intangible assets. These intangible assets were recorded as part of acquisition accounting and contribute to revenue generation. The amortization of intangible assets related to acquisitions will recur in future periods until such intangible assets have been fully amortized. Furthermore, the timing and magnitude of business combination transactions are not predictable and the purchase price allocated to amortizable intangible assets and the related amortization period are unique to each acquisition and can vary significantly from period to period and across companies. Restructuring charges/adjustments, the gain on extinguishment of debt, and FX translation losses resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia are excluded as the frequency and magnitude of these items may vary widely across periods and companies.

The Company excludes the aforementioned items to provide additional perspective when comparing net income and diluted EPS from period to period and across companies as the frequency and magnitude of similar transactions may vary widely across periods.

Below is a reconciliation of these measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measures:

Note: The tax impacts in the tables above were calculated using tax rates in effect in the jurisdiction for which the item relates.

Moody’s updated outlook for full year 2024, as of February 13, 2024, reflects assumptions about numerous factors that could affect its business and is based on currently available information reviewed by management through, and as of, today’s date. For a complete list of these assumptions, please refer to “Assumptions and Outlook” on page 10 of this earnings release.

The following are reconciliations of the Company's adjusted forward looking measures to their comparable U.S. GAAP measure:

			Projected for the Year Ended December 31, 2024
Operating margin guidance			37% to 39%
Depreciation and amortization			Approximately 7%
Adjusted Operating Margin guidance			44% to 46%
			Projected for the Year Ended December 31, 2024
Operating cash flow guidance			$2.3 to $2.5 billion
Less: Capital expenditures			Approximately $0.4 billion
Free Cash Flow guidance			$1.9 to $2.1 billion
			Projected for the Year Ended December 31, 2024
Diluted EPS guidance			$9.45 to $10.20
Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization			Approximately $0.80
Adjusted Diluted EPS guidance			$10.25 to $11.00

NEW YORK, NY - February 13, 2024 - Moody's Corporation (NYSE: MCO) announced today that Noémie Heuland will join the Company on April 1, 2024 as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (CFO).

Ms. Heuland brings nearly 25 years of financial leadership experience at large public companies in the finance and technology spaces. She joins Moody’s from Dayforce (NYSE: DAY, formerly Ceridian), a global human capital management software company, where she has served as Executive Vice President and CFO since 2020. Prior to Dayforce, Ms. Heuland spent 12 years with global enterprise application software provider SAP, during which time the company experienced extraordinary growth as it transitioned to a global software as a service (SaaS) business model.

Ms. Heuland’s firsthand experience in scaling high-growth, category-leading public software companies, coupled with her extensive international expertise, will be invaluable as Moody's continues to invest in and grow its subscription-based analytics businesses and expand its ratings business around the world. As CFO, Ms. Heuland will lead Moody’s global finance organization, which includes accounting and controllership, financial planning and analysis, financial systems, investor relations, strategic sourcing and procurement, and tax and treasury.

Rob Fauber, President and Chief Executive Officer at Moody’s, said, “I am absolutely thrilled to welcome Noémie to the Moody’s team. Noémie brings a wealth of knowledge and global experience to Moody’s after nearly twenty-five years of finance leadership roles. Her impressive track record serving global markets, her significant experience with SaaS businesses, as well as her reputation as a business partner and team leader, make her the ideal CFO as we continue to grow and evolve.

Ms. Heuland, a Certified Public Accountant, began her career with PwC, where she advised public and private multinational companies in the technology, media, and entertainment industries for nearly a decade. Ms. Heuland holds an M.S. in Finance and Accounting from Nantes Business School of Management (now known as Audencia) in Nantes, France.

Mr. Fauber added: “I also want to thank Caroline Sullivan for her leadership and support as Interim CFO, particularly during the important year-end period. We look forward to her continued contributions as our Chief Accounting Officer and Corporate Controller.”

212.553.0298

Shivani.Kak@moodys.com

212.553.1461

Joe.Mielenhausen@moodys.com