October 16, 2024 - HOUSTON, TEXAS - Crown Castle Inc. (NYSE: CCI) ("Crown Castle") today reported results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2024 and maintained its full year 2024 Outlook with the exception of a reduction to net income.

(a)Reflects midpoint of full year 2024 Outlook as issued on October 16, 2024.

(b)Reflects midpoint of full year 2024 Outlook as issued on July 17, 2024.

(c)See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for further information and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to net income (loss), including on a per share basis.

“In the third quarter, we achieved solid operating and financial performance across our businesses and reaffirmed our full year 2024 Outlook for Adjusted EBITDA and AFFO,” stated Steven Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer of Crown Castle. “Looking ahead, we continue to be optimistic about the long-term value creation opportunities in our tower, small cell, and fiber solutions offerings. Across all forms of digital connectivity, the U.S. is generating record annual increases in data consumption, which we expect to drive continued demand for communications infrastructure. We believe we are well positioned to benefit from these positive trends and are also actively developing initiatives that prioritize customer service, revenue generation, capital discipline, and operational excellence. As part of our previously announced plans to enhance returns by improving profitability and capital efficiency in our Fiber segment, we completed discussions with our customers in the fourth quarter and jointly identified approximately 7,000 greenfield small cell nodes in our contracted backlog that we mutually agreed to cancel. These agreed upon cancellations increase the overall return of our remaining contracted backlog of approximately 40,000 nodes and improve our capital efficiency going forward. These changes to our operating plan and capital expenditure profile are consistent with our previously provided expectations and position us to increase the value of our fiber and small cell assets, while we remain focused on the ongoing Fiber segment strategic review.”

The table below sets forth select financial results for the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023.

(a)See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for further information and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to net income (loss), including on a per share basis.

•Site rental revenues. Site rental revenues grew 1%, or $16 million, from third quarter 2023 to third quarter 2024, inclusive of $65 million in Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, a $19 million decrease in amortization of prepaid rent, and a $30 million decrease in straight-lined revenues. The $65 million in Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings benefited from $15 million of previously disclosed small cell non-recurring revenues primarily related to early termination payments, partially offset by a $4 million unfavorable impact on fiber solutions due to adjustments related to prior period revenues and a $6 million unfavorable impact on fiber solutions from the absence of Sprint Cancellation payments that occurred in the third quarter of 2023.

•Net income. Net income for the third quarter 2024 was $303 million compared to $265 million for the third quarter 2023, and included $48 million of charges incurred in the quarter related to the restructuring plan announced in June 2024.

•Adjusted EBITDA. Third quarter 2024 Adjusted EBITDA was $1.1 billion compared to $1.0 billion for the third quarter 2023. The increase in the quarter was primarily a result of the higher contribution from site rental revenues and lower costs related to the reduction in staffing levels and office closures announced in June 2024, partially offset by $6 million of advisory fees primarily related to the recent proxy contest.

•AFFO and AFFO per share. Third quarter 2024 AFFO was $801 million, or $1.84 per share, representing an increase from the third quarter 2023 of 4%.

•Capital expenditures. Capital expenditures during the quarter were $297 million, comprised of $274 million of discretionary capital expenditures and $23 million of sustaining capital expenditures. Discretionary capital expenditures included approximately $239 million attributable to Fiber and $30 million attributable to Towers.

•Common stock dividend. During the quarter, Crown Castle paid common stock dividends of approximately $681 million in the aggregate, or $1.565 per common share, unchanged on a per share basis compared to the same period a year ago.

•Financing activity. In August 2024, Crown Castle issued $1.25 billion in aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes in a combination of 5-year and 10-year maturities with a weighted average maturity and coupon of approximately 8 years and 5.1%, respectively. Net proceeds from the senior notes offering were used to repay outstanding indebtedness under Crown Castle's commercial paper program and pay related fees and expenses.

“Since announcing a change in our operational strategy in June, we have continued to deliver results in line with expectations,” said Dan Schlanger, Crown Castle’s Chief Financial Officer. “The third quarter was highlighted by 5.2% consolidated organic growth, excluding the impact of Sprint cancellations, as demand remained strong for our tower, small cell, and fiber solutions offerings. Complementing the progress we made implementing our revised operational strategy, we took steps in the third quarter to strengthen our balance sheet. In August, we issued $1.25 billion of long-term fixed rate debt at a weighted average rate of 5.1%, allowing us to end the quarter with more than 90% fixed rate debt, a weighted average debt maturity of 7 years, limited maturities through 2025, and approximately $5.7 billion of liquidity under our revolving credit facility. We believe the increased flexibility around capital expenditures created by our revised operational strategy combined with our strong balance sheet and liquidity profile position us to take advantage of the opportunities being created by the increasing demand for connectivity in the U.S.”

This Outlook section contains forward-looking statements, and actual results may differ materially. Information regarding potential risks which could cause actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements herein is set forth below and in Crown Castle's filings with the SEC.

The following table sets forth Crown Castle's current full year 2024 Outlook, which has been updated to reflect the impact of the mutual cancellation of approximately 7,000 small cell nodes as discussed above. These cancellations are expected to result in a $125 to $150 million asset write-down charge in the fourth quarter, reducing full year 2024 Outlook for net income by $138 million at the midpoint.

(a)As issued on October 16, 2024.

(b)As issued on July 17, 2024.

(c)See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for our definition of site rental billings.

(d)Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion.

(e)See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for further information and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to net income (loss), including on a per share basis, and for definition of discretionary capital expenditures.

(f)See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for the reconciliation of "Outlook for Components of Interest Expense."

•The chart below reconciles the components contributing to expected 2024 growth in site rental revenues. Full year consolidated site rental billings growth, excluding the impact of Sprint Cancellations, is expected to be 5%, inclusive of 4.5% from towers, 15% from small cells, and 2% from fiber solutions.

•Core leasing activity for full year 2024 is expected to contribute $305 million to $335 million, consisting of $105 million to $115 million from towers (compared to $126 million in full year 2023), $65 million to $75 million from small cells (compared to $28 million in full year 2023), and $135 million to $145 million from fiber solutions (compared to $120 million in full year 2023).

•The expected 2024 small cell core leasing activity of $70 million at the midpoint includes $22 million of higher-than-expected non-recurring revenues primarily related to early termination payments which occurred in the third quarter. Excluding the impact of Sprint Cancellations and the increase in non-recurring revenues, small cell organic growth is expected to be 10% in 2024.

•The chart below reconciles the components contributing to the year over year change to 2024 AFFO.

•The expected increase in full year 2024 expenses includes approximately $30 million of advisory fees primarily related to the recent proxy contest, which is expected to be more than offset by an approximately $65 million decrease in costs related to the reduction in staffing levels and office closures announced in June 2024.

•The full year 2024 Outlook for discretionary capital expenditures is $1.2 billion to $1.3 billion, including approximately $1.1 billion in the Fiber segment and $180 million in the Towers segment, and prepaid rent additions are expected to be approximately $355 million in 2024, including $275 million from Fiber and $80 million from Towers.

Additional information is available in Crown Castle's quarterly Supplemental Information Package posted in the Investors section of our website.

Crown Castle has scheduled a conference call for Wednesday, October 16, 2024, at 5:00 p.m. Eastern time to discuss its third quarter 2024 results. A listen only live audio webcast of the conference call, along with supplemental materials for the call, can be accessed on the Crown Castle website at https://investor.crowncastle.com. Participants may join the conference call by dialing 833-816-1115 (Toll Free) or 412-317-0694 (International) at least 30 minutes prior to the start time. All dial-in participants should ask to join the Crown Castle call.

A replay of the webcast will be available on the Investor page of Crown Castle's website until end of day, Thursday, October 16, 2025.

Crown Castle owns, operates and leases more than 40,000 cell towers and approximately 90,000 route miles of fiber supporting small cells and fiber solutions across every major U.S. market. This nationwide portfolio of communications infrastructure connects cities and communities to essential data, technology and wireless service - bringing information, ideas and innovations to the people and businesses that need them. For more information on Crown Castle, please visit www.crowncastle.com.

This press release includes presentations of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Funds from Operations ("AFFO"), including per share amounts, Funds from Operations ("FFO"), including per share amounts, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, and Net Debt, which are non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are not intended as alternative measures of operating results or cash flow from operations (as determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP")).

Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies, including other companies in the communications infrastructure sector or other real estate investment trusts ("REITs").

•Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our financial performance. Adjusted EBITDA is the primary measure used by management (1) to evaluate the economic productivity of our operations and (2) for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources to, and assessing the performance of, our operations. Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA helps investors or other interested parties meaningfully evaluate and compare the results of our operations (1) from period to period and (2) to our competitors, by removing the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest charges from our outstanding debt) and asset base (primarily depreciation, amortization and accretion) from our financial results. Management also believes Adjusted EBITDA is frequently used by investors or other interested parties in the evaluation of the communications infrastructure sector and other REITs to measure financial performance without regard to items such as depreciation, amortization and accretion, which can vary depending upon accounting methods and the book value of assets. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA is similar to the measure of current financial performance generally used in our debt covenant calculations. Adjusted EBITDA should be considered only as a supplement to net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance.

•AFFO, including per share amounts, is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our financial performance. Management believes that AFFO helps investors or other interested parties meaningfully evaluate our financial performance as it includes (1) the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest expense on our outstanding debt and dividends on our preferred stock (in periods where applicable)) and (2) sustaining capital expenditures, and excludes the impact of our (1) asset base (primarily depreciation, amortization and accretion) and (2) certain non-cash items, including straight-lined revenues and expenses related to fixed escalations and rent free periods. GAAP requires rental revenues and expenses related to leases that contain specified rental increases over the life of the lease to be recognized evenly over the life of the lease. In accordance with GAAP, if payment terms call for fixed escalations or rent free periods, the revenues or expenses are recognized on a straight-lined basis over the fixed, non-cancelable term of the contract. Management notes that Crown Castle uses AFFO only as a performance measure. AFFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operations or as residual cash flow available for discretionary investment.

•FFO, including per share amounts, is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our financial performance. Management believes that FFO may be used by investors or other interested parties as a basis to compare our financial performance with that of other REITs. FFO helps investors or other interested parties meaningfully evaluate financial performance by excluding the impact of our asset base (primarily real estate depreciation, amortization and accretion). FFO is not a key performance indicator used by Crown Castle. FFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operations.

•Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings (also referred to as organic growth) is useful to investors or other interested parties in understanding the components of the year-over-year changes in our site rental revenues computed in accordance with GAAP. Management uses Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings to assess year-over-year growth rates for our rental activities, to evaluate current performance, to capture trends in rental rates, core leasing activities and tenant non-renewals in our core business, as well as to forecast future results. Separately, we are also disclosing Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations (including by line of business), which is outside of ordinary course, to provide further insight into our results of operations and underlying trends. Management believes that identifying the impact for Sprint Cancellations provides increased transparency and comparability across periods. Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings (including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations) is not meant as an alternative measure of revenue and should be considered only as a supplement in understanding and assessing the performance of our site rental revenues computed in accordance with GAAP.

•Net Debt is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our overall debt position and future debt capacity. Management uses Net Debt in assessing our leverage. Net Debt is not meant as an alternative measure of debt and should be considered only as a supplement in understanding and assessing our leverage.

(a)Represents restructuring charges recorded for the periods presented related to (1) the Company's restructuring plan announced in July 2023, as further discussed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 ("2023 Restructuring Plan"), and (2) the Company's restructuring plan announced in June 2024, as further discussed in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 ("2024 Restructuring Plan"), as applicable for the respective period. For the three-month period ended September 30, 2024, there were ($3) million of adjustments related to the July 2023 Restructuring Plan and $51 million of restructuring charges related to the June 2024 Restructuring Plan. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, there were $10 million and $94 million of restructuring charges related to the July 2023 Restructuring Plan and the June 2024 Restructuring Plan, respectively.

(b)See the reconciliation of "Components of Interest Expense" for a discussion of non-cash interest expense.

(c)See discussion and our definition of Adjusted EBITDA in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(d)The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.

(e)See the reconciliation of "Outlook for Components of Interest Expense" for a discussion of non-cash interest expense.

(f)As issued on October 16, 2024.

(g)Change in current full year 2024 Outlook for asset write-down charges are related to the impact of cancellations of small cell nodes, as further discussed above.

(a)See discussion and our definitions of FFO and AFFO in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(b)The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.

(c)Represents restructuring charges recorded for the periods presented related to the 2023 Restructuring Plan and the 2024 Restructuring Plan, as applicable, for the respective period. For the three-month period ended September 30, 2024, there were ($3) million of adjustments related to the July 2023 Restructuring Plan and $51 million of restructuring charges related to the June 2024 Restructuring Plan. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, there were $10 million and $94 million of restructuring charges related to the July 2023 Restructuring Plan and the June 2024 Restructuring Plan, respectively.

(a)See discussion and our definitions of FFO and AFFO, including per share amounts, in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(b)The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.

(c)Represents restructuring charges recorded for the periods presented related to the 2023 Restructuring Plan and the 2024 Restructuring Plan, as applicable, for the respective period. For the three-month period ended September 30, 2024, there were ($3) million of adjustments related to the July 2023 Restructuring Plan and $51 million of restructuring charges related to the June 2024 Restructuring Plan. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, there were $10 million and $94 million of restructuring charges related to the July 2023 Restructuring Plan and the June 2024 Restructuring Plan, respectively.

(a)As issued on October 16, 2024.

(b)See discussion and our definitions of FFO and AFFO, including per share amounts, in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(c)The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the period shown.

(d)Represents restructuring charges related to the 2023 Restructuring Plan and the 2024 Restructuring Plan.

(e)Change in current full year 2024 Outlook for asset write-down charges are related to the impact of cancellations of small cell nodes, as further discussed above.

(a)As issued on July 17, 2024.

(b)Represents restructuring charges recorded related to the 2023 Restructuring Plan and the 2024 Restructuring Plan.

(c)See the reconciliation of "Outlook for Components of Interest Expense" for a discussion of non-cash interest expense.

(d)See discussion of and our definition of Adjusted EBITDA, FFO and AFFO, including per share amounts in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(e)The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the period shown.

(a)See our definitions of site rental billings, core leasing activity, non-renewals, Sprint Cancellations, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings and Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(b)In the third quarter 2023, we received $6 million of payments for Sprint Cancellations that related to fiber solutions. These payments are non-recurring and therefore reduce full year 2024 Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings by the same amount. Additionally, during the third quarter 2023, there were $5 million and $2 million of non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations that related to small cells and fiber solutions, respectively.

(c)Represents the contribution from recent acquisitions. The financial impact of recent acquisitions is excluded from Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.

(a)See our definitions of site rental billings, core leasing activity, non-renewals, Sprint Cancellations, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings and Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(b)Represents the contribution from recent acquisitions. The financial impact of recent acquisitions is excluded from Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.

(a)See our definitions of site rental billings, core leasing activity, non-renewals, Sprint Cancellations, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings and Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(b)In third quarter 2023, there were $5 million of non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations that related to small cells.

(c)Represents the contribution from recent acquisitions. The financial impact of recent acquisitions is excluded from Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.

(a)See our definitions of site rental billings, core leasing activity, non-renewals, Sprint Cancellations, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings and Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(b)In the third quarter 2023, we received $6 million of payments for Sprint Cancellations that related to fiber solutions. These payments are non-recurring and therefore reduce full year 2024 Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings by the same amount. In the third quarter 2023, there were $2 million of non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations that related to fiber solutions.

(c)Represents the contribution from recent acquisitions. The financial impact of recent acquisitions is excluded from Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.

(d)As issued on October 16, 2024 and unchanged from previous outlook issued on July 17, 2024.

(e)Calculated based on midpoint of full year 2024 Outlook.

(f)In full year 2023, we received $104 million and $66 million of payments for Sprint Cancellations that related to small cells and fiber solutions, respectively. These payments are non-recurring and therefore reduce full year 2024 Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings by the same amount.

(a)As issued on October 16, 2024 and unchanged from previous outlook issued on July 17, 2024.

(b)See our definitions of site rental billings, core leasing activity, non-renewals, Sprint Cancellations, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, and Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(c)In 2023, we received $104 million and $66 million of payments for Sprint Cancellations that related to small cells and fiber solutions, respectively, and $14 million and $7 million of non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations that related to small cells and fiber solutions, respectively. These payments are non-recurring and therefore reduce full year 2024 Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings by the same amount.

(d)Represents the contribution from recent acquisitions. The financial impact of recent acquisitions is excluded from Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.

(e)Calculated based on midpoint of full year 2024 Outlook, where applicable.

Components of Capital Expenditures:(a)

Outlook for Discretionary Capital Expenditures Less Prepaid Rent Additions:(d)

(a)See our definitions of discretionary capital expenditures and sustaining capital expenditures in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

(b)As issued on October 16, 2024 and unchanged from previous outlook issued on July 17, 2024.

(c)Reflects up-front consideration from long-term tenant contracts (commonly referred to as prepaid rent) that are amortized and recognized as revenue over the associated estimated lease term in accordance with GAAP.

(d)Excludes sustaining capital expenditures. See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for our definitions of discretionary capital expenditures and sustaining capital expenditures.

Debt Balances and Maturity Dates as of September 30, 2024:

(a)Net of required principal amortizations.

(b)The Senior Secured Notes, 2009-1, Class A-2 principal amortizes over a period ending in August 2029.

(c)If the respective series of Tower Revenue Notes are not paid in full on or prior to an applicable anticipated repayment date, then the Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the indenture) of the issuers of such notes will be used to repay principal of the applicable series, and additional interest (of an additional approximately 5% per annum) will accrue on the respective series. The Senior Secured Tower Revenue Notes, 2015-2 and 2018-2 have anticipated repayment dates in 2025 and 2028, respectively. Notes are prepayable at par if voluntarily repaid within eighteen months of maturity; earlier prepayment may require additional consideration.

(d)As of September 30, 2024, reflects $30 million in finance lease obligations (primarily related to vehicles).

(e)As of September 30, 2024, the undrawn availability under the $7.0 billion 2016 Revolver was $7.0 billion. The Company pays a commitment fee on the undrawn available amount, which as of September 30, 2024 ranged from 0.080% to 0.300%, based on the Company's senior unsecured debt rating, per annum.

(f)The 2016 Term Loan A principal amortizes over a period ending in July 2027.

(g)As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $0.7 billion available for issuance under its $2.0 billion unsecured commercial paper program. The maturities of the Commercial Paper Notes, when outstanding, may vary but may not exceed 397 days from the date of issue.

(h)See further information on, and our definition and calculation of, Net Debt in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

This news release contains forward-looking statements and information that are based on our management's current expectations as of the date of this news release. Statements that are not historical facts are hereby identified as forward-looking statements. In addition, words such as "estimate," "see," "anticipate," "project," "plan," "intend," "believe," "expect," "likely," "predicted," "positioned," "continue," "target," "focus," and any variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements include our full year 2024 Outlook and plans, projections, expectations and estimates regarding (1) the value of our business model and strategy, the performance of our business and the demand for our communications infrastructure, (2) revenue growth and its driving factors, (3) net income (loss) (including on a per share basis), (4) AFFO (including on a per share basis) and its components and growth, (5) Adjusted EBITDA and its components and growth, (6) Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings (including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations) and its components and growth, (7) site rental revenues and its components and growth, (8) interest expense, (9) the impact of Sprint Cancellations on our operating and financial results, (10) services contribution,(11) discretionary capital expenditures, (12) prepaid rent additions and amortization, (13) core leasing activity, (14) increase in our expenses, including its driving factors, (15) Fiber segment strategic review and the potential impacts and benefits therefrom, (16) changes to our operating plans and capital expenditure profile for the Fiber segment and the impacts and potential benefits therefrom (including with respect to the value of our assets), (17) operating cost reductions, including cost savings and other resulting benefits, (18) payment of advisory fees, including timing, and the impact on our results, (19) the trends impacting our business and the potential benefits derived therefrom, (20) small cell node cancellations and the impacts thereof and (21) our ability to capitalize on potential opportunities created by increasing data demand. All future dividends are subject to declaration by our board of directors.

Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including prevailing market conditions and the following:

•Our business depends on the demand for our communications infrastructure (including towers, small cells and fiber), driven primarily by demand for data, and we may be adversely affected by any slowdown in such demand. Additionally, a reduction in the amount or change in the mix of network investment by our tenants may materially and adversely affect our business (including reducing demand for our communications infrastructure or services).

•A substantial portion of our revenues is derived from a small number of tenants, and the loss, consolidation or financial instability of any of such tenants may materially decrease revenues, reduce demand for our communications infrastructure and services and impact our dividend per share growth.

•The expansion or development of our business, including through acquisitions, increased product offerings or other strategic opportunities, may cause disruptions in our business, which may have an adverse effect on our business, operations or financial results.

•Our Fiber segment has expanded, and the Fiber business model contains certain differences from our Towers business model, resulting in different operational risks. If we do not successfully operate our Fiber business model or identify or manage the related operational risks, such operations may produce results that are lower than anticipated.

•Our review of potential strategic alternatives may not result in an executed or consummated transaction or other strategic alternative, and the process of reviewing strategic alternatives or the outcome could adversely affect our business. There is no guarantee that any transaction resulting from the strategic review will ultimately benefit our shareholders.

•Failure to timely, efficiently and safely execute on our construction projects could adversely affect our business.

•New technologies may reduce demand for our communications infrastructure or negatively impact our revenues.

•If we fail to retain rights to our communications infrastructure, including the rights to land under our towers and the right-of-way and other agreements related to our small cells and fiber, our business may be adversely affected.

•Our services business has historically experienced significant volatility in demand, which reduces the predictability of our results.

•If radio frequency emissions from wireless handsets or equipment on our communications infrastructure are demonstrated to cause negative health effects, potential future claims could adversely affect our operations, costs or revenues.

•Cybersecurity breaches or other information technology disruptions could adversely affect our operations, business, and reputation.

•Our business may be adversely impacted by climate-related events, natural disasters, including wildfires, and other unforeseen events.

•As a result of competition in our industry, we may find it more difficult to negotiate favorable rates on our new or renewing tenant contracts.

•New wireless technologies may not deploy or be adopted by tenants as rapidly or in the manner projected.

•Our focus on and disclosure of our Environmental, Social and Governance position, metrics, strategy, goals and initiatives expose us to potential litigation and other adverse effects to our business.

•Failure to attract, recruit and retain qualified and experienced employees could adversely affect our business, operations and costs.

•Changes to management, including turnover of our top executives, could have an adverse effect on our business.

•Actions that we are taking to restructure our business in alignment with our strategic priorities may not be as effective as anticipated.

•Actions of activist stockholders could impact the pursuit of our business strategies and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, or stock price.

•Our substantial level of indebtedness could adversely affect our ability to react to changes in our business, and the terms of our debt instruments limit our ability to take a number of actions that our management might otherwise believe to be in our best interests. In addition, if we fail to comply with our covenants, our debt could be accelerated.

•We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. In the event we do not repay or refinance such indebtedness, we could face substantial liquidity issues and might be required to issue equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities, or sell some of our assets, possibly on unfavorable terms, to meet our debt payment obligations.

•Sales or issuances of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into shares of our common stock may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

•Certain provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation amended and restated by-laws and operative agreements, and domestic and international competition laws may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us or for us to acquire control of a third party, even if such a change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders.

•If we fail to comply with laws or regulations which regulate our business and which may change at any time, we may be fined or even lose our right to conduct some of our business.

•Future dividend payments to our stockholders will reduce the availability of our cash on hand available to fund future discretionary investments, and may result in a need to incur indebtedness or issue equity securities to fund growth opportunities. In such event, the then current economic, credit market or equity market conditions will impact the availability or cost of such financing, which may hinder our ability to grow our per share results of operations.

•Remaining qualified to be taxed as a Real Estate Investment Trust ("REIT") involves highly technical and complex provisions of the Code. Failure to remain qualified as a REIT would result in our inability to deduct dividends to stockholders when computing our taxable income, thereby increasing our tax obligations and reducing our available cash.

•Complying with REIT requirements, including the 90% distribution requirement, may limit our flexibility or cause us to forgo otherwise attractive opportunities, including certain discretionary investments and potential financing alternatives.

•REIT related ownership limitations and transfer restrictions may prevent or restrict certain transfers of our capital stock.

Should one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those expected. More information about potential risk factors which could affect our results is included in our filings with the SEC. Our filings with the SEC are available through the SEC website at www.sec.gov or through our investor relations website at investor.crowncastle.com. We use our investor relations website to disclose information about us that may be deemed to be material. We encourage investors, the media and others interested in us to visit our investor relations website from time to time to review up-to-date information or to sign up for e-mail alerts to be notified when new or updated information is posted on the site.

As used in this release, the term "including," and any variation thereof, means "including without limitation."

(a)Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately.

(a)Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately.

(b)Segment costs of operations exclude (1) stock-based compensation expense, net of $6 million and $7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively and (2) prepaid lease purchase price adjustments of $4 million for each of the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Segment selling, general and administrative expenses and other selling, general and administrative expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense, net of $24 million and $29 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(c)See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for a discussion and our definitions of segment site rental gross margin, segment services and other gross margin and segment operating profit.

(d)Represents restructuring adjustments and charges recorded for the periods presented related to the 2023 Restructuring Plan and the 2024 Restructuring Plan, as applicable for the respective period. For the three-month period ended September 30, 2024, there were ($3) million of adjustments related to the July 2023 Restructuring Plan and $51 million of restructuring charges related to the June 2024 Restructuring Plan. For the three-month period ended September 30, 2023, there were $72 million of restructuring charges related to the June 2023 Restructuring Plan.

(e)See condensed consolidated statement of operations for further information.