株探米国株
英語
エドガーで原本を確認する
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission File Number 000-29480 
HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
 
Washington   91-1857900
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
201 Fifth Avenue SW, Olympia WA   98501
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
(360) 943-1500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 
 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading symbol
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, no par value
HFWA
NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer  
Smaller reporting company  
Emerging growth company 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  ☐    No  ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date:
As of October 25, 2023, there were 34,901,076 shares of the registrant's common stock, no par value per share, outstanding.


HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q
September 30, 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I.
ITEM 1.
NOTE 1.
NOTE 2.
NOTE 3.
NOTE 4.
NOTE 5.
NOTE 6.
NOTE 7.
NOTE 8.
NOTE 9.
NOTE 10.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
2

PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 5.
ITEM 6.

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND TERMS

The acronyms, abbreviations, and terms listed below are used in various sections of this Form 10-Q. As used throughout this report, the terms “we”, “our”, or “us” refer to Heritage Financial Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.
2022 Annual Form 10-K
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022
ACL Allowance for credit losses
AOCI Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net
ASU Accounting Standards Update
Bank Heritage Bank
BTFP
Bank Term Funding Program
CECL Current Expected Credit Loss
CMO Collateralized Mortgage Obligations
Company Heritage Financial Corporation
CRE Commercial real estate
FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Reserve Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
FRB Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
FHLB Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines
GAAP U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
LIBOR London Interbank Offering Rate
LIHTC Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
MBS Mortgage-backed securities
SBA Small Business Administration
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission
SM Special Mention
SS Substandard
TDR Troubled debt restructured

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-Q may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact, are based on certain assumptions and often include the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “plans,” “targets,” “potentially,” “probably,” “projects,” “outlook” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would” and “could.” These statements relate to our financial condition, results of operations, beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, assumptions and statements about future performance or business. The Company cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information then actually known to the Company. The Company does not undertake and specifically disclaims any obligation to revise any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results for future periods to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements by, or on behalf of, us, and could negatively affect the Company’s operating results and stock price performance.
3

These risks include, but are not limited to:
•potential adverse impacts to economic conditions nationally or in our local market areas, other markets where the Company has lending relationships, or other aspects of the Company’s business operations or financial markets, including, without limitation, as a result of employment levels, labor shortages and the effects of inflation, a potential recession or slowed economic growth;
•changes in the interest rate environment, including the recent increases in the Federal Reserve benchmark rate and duration at which such increased interest rate levels are maintained, which could adversely affect our revenues and expenses, the value of assets and obligations, and the availability and cost of capital and liquidity;
•the credit risks of lending activities, including changes in the level and trend of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in our ACL on loans and provision for credit losses on loans that may be affected by deterioration in the housing and CRE markets, which may lead to increased losses and nonperforming assets in our loan portfolio, and may result in our ACL on loans no longer being adequate to cover actual losses, and require us to increase our ACL on loans;
•the impact of continuing inflation and the current and future monetary policies of the Federal Reserve in response thereto;
•changes in the levels of general interest rates, and the relative differences between short-term and long-term interest rates, deposit interest rates, our net interest margin and funding sources;
•the transition away from LIBOR toward new interest rate benchmarks;
•the impact of repricing and competitors' pricing initiatives on loan and deposit products;
•fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes and other properties and fluctuations in real estate values in our market areas;
•secondary market conditions for loans and our ability to sell loans in the secondary market;
•results of examinations of us by the bank regulators, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, initiate an enforcement action against the Company or our bank subsidiary which could require us to increase our ACL on loans, write-down assets, change our regulatory capital position, affect our ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits, or impose additional requirements on us, any of which could affect our ability to continue our growth through mergers, acquisitions or similar transactions and adversely affect our liquidity and earnings;
•legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business, including changes in banking, securities, and tax law, regulatory policies and principles, or the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules;
•our ability to attract and retain deposits;
•liquidity issues, including our ability to borrow funds or raise additional capital, if necessary;
•our ability to control operating costs and expenses;
•effects of critical accounting policies and judgments, including the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of our assets, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant declines in valuation;
•the effectiveness of our risk management framework;
•difficulties in reducing risk associated with our loans;
•staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect our workforce and potential associated charges;
•disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events, failures or interruptions in, or attacks on, our information technology systems or on the third-party vendors who perform several of our critical processing functions;
•our ability to retain key members of our senior management team;
•costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments;
•our ability to implement our business strategies and manage our growth;
•future goodwill impairment due to changes in our business, market conditions, or other factors;
•our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel we may acquire into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames or at all, and any goodwill charges related thereto and costs or difficulties relating to integration matters, including but not limited to customer and employee retention, which might be greater than expected;
•risks related to acquiring assets in or entering markets in which we have not previously operated and may not be familiar;
•increased competitive pressures among financial service companies;
•changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;
•the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions;
•our ability to pay dividends on our common stock;
•the quality and composition of our securities portfolio and the impact of any adverse changes in the securities markets, including market liquidity;
•inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;
•changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the FASB, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods;
•the impact of bank failures or adverse developments at other banks and the related negative press about the banking industry in general on investor and depositor sentiment;
•the effects of climate change, severe weather events, natural disasters, pandemics, epidemics and other public health crises, acts of war or terrorism, and other external events on our business;
•other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services; and
•other risks detailed from time to time in our reports filed with or furnished to the SEC, including our 2022 Annual Form 10-K which are available on our website at www.hf-wa.com and on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
4

PART I.     FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except shares)
September 30,
2023
December 31
2022
ASSETS
Cash on hand and in banks $ 61,568  $ 74,295 
Interest earning deposits 158,935  29,295 
Cash and cash equivalents 220,503  103,590 
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value, net (amortized cost of $1,292,500 and $1,460,033, respectively)
1,147,547  1,331,443 
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net (fair value of $636,257 and $673,434, respectively)
746,845  766,396 
Total investment securities 1,894,392  2,097,839 
Loans held for sale 263  — 
Loans receivable 4,266,858  4,050,858 
Allowance for credit losses on loans (46,947) (42,986)
Loans receivable, net 4,219,911  4,007,872 
Premises and equipment, net 76,436  76,930 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost 8,373  8,916 
Bank owned life insurance 123,639  122,059 
Accrued interest receivable 18,794  18,547 
Prepaid expenses and other assets 341,952  296,181 
Other intangible assets, net 5,386  7,227 
Goodwill 240,939  240,939 
Total assets $ 7,150,588  $ 6,980,100 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Deposits $ 5,635,187  $ 5,907,420 
Deposits held for sale —  17,420 
Total deposits 5,635,187  5,924,840 
Borrowings 450,000  — 
Junior subordinated debentures 21,692  21,473 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 23,158  46,597 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 207,005  189,297 
Total liabilities 6,337,042  6,182,207 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, no par value, 2,500,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding, respectively
—  — 
Common stock, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 34,901,076 and 35,106,697 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
548,652  552,397 
Retained earnings 377,522  345,346 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net (112,628) (99,850)
Total stockholders’ equity 813,546  797,893 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 7,150,588  $ 6,980,100 

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
5

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
INTEREST INCOME:
Interest and fees on loans $ 56,119  $ 43,847  $ 160,192  $ 125,762 
Taxable interest on investment securities 14,590  12,362  44,021  25,972 
Nontaxable interest on investment securities 448  892  1,554  2,645 
Interest on interest earning deposits 2,310  4,009  4,436  7,057 
Total interest income 73,467  61,110  210,203  161,436 
INTEREST EXPENSE:
Deposits 11,877  1,478  25,012  4,315 
Junior subordinated debentures 540  312  1,521  745 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 38  34  148  98 
Borrowings 5,394  —  12,238  — 
Total interest expense 17,849  1,824  38,919  5,158 
Net interest income 55,618  59,286  171,284  156,278 
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses (878) 1,945  2,856  (2,836)
Net interest income after (reversal of) provision for credit losses 56,496  57,341  168,428  159,114 
NONINTEREST INCOME:
Service charges and other fees 2,856  2,688  8,162  7,739 
Card revenue 2,273  2,365  6,396  6,774 
Loss on sale of investment securities, net (1,940) —  (2,226) — 
Gain on sale of loans, net 157  133  307  593 
Interest rate swap fees 62  78  230  383 
Bank owned life insurance income 734  723  2,280  3,182 
Gain on sale of other assets, net —  265  469 
Other income 2,129  1,201  6,659  3,867 
Total noninterest income 6,271  7,453  21,810  23,007 
NONINTEREST EXPENSE:
Compensation and employee benefits 25,008  24,206  75,325  67,236 
Occupancy and equipment 4,814  4,422  14,372  12,924 
Data processing 4,366  4,185  13,208  12,431 
Marketing 389  358  1,232  968 
Professional services 582  639  1,961  1,867 
State/municipal business and use taxes 1,088  963  3,150  2,626 
Federal deposit insurance premium 818  500  2,465  1,525 
Amortization of intangible assets 595  671  1,841  2,079 
Other expense 3,310  3,203  10,346  8,918 
Total noninterest expense 40,970  39,147  123,900  110,574 
Income before income taxes 21,797  25,647  66,338  71,547 
Income tax expense 3,578  4,657  10,816  12,216 
Net income $ 18,219  $ 20,990  $ 55,522  $ 59,331 
Basic earnings per share $ 0.52  $ 0.60  $ 1.58  $ 1.69 
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.51  $ 0.59  $ 1.57  $ 1.67 
Dividends declared per share $ 0.22  $ 0.21  $ 0.66  $ 0.63 
Average number of basic shares outstanding 35,022,676  35,103,984  35,062,760  35,103,048 
Average number of diluted shares outstanding 35,115,165  35,468,890  35,305,456  35,438,672 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
6

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands thousands)

Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Net Income $ 18,219  $ 20,990  $ 55,522  $ 59,331 
Change in fair value of investment securities available for sale, net of tax of $(4,673), $(12,027), $(4,258) and $(31,778), respectively
(16,627) (43,143) (14,332) (114,022)
Amortization of net unrealized gain for the reclassification of investment securities available for sale to held to maturity, net of tax of $(17), $(20), $(51) and $(103), respectively
(60) (75) (183) (375)
Reclassification adjustment for net loss from sale of investment securities available for sale included in income, net of tax of $426, $0, $489 and $0, respectively
1,514  —  1,737  — 
Other comprehensive loss (15,173) (43,218) (12,778) (114,397)
Comprehensive income (loss) $ 3,046  $ (22,228) $ 42,744  $ (55,066)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
7

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Number of
common
shares
Common
stock
Retained
earnings
AOCI Total
stockholders’
equity
Balance at June 30, 2023 35,047,800  $ 550,103  $ 367,085  $ (97,455) $ 819,733 
Restricted stock units vested 1,730 
Stock-based compensation expense 1,120  1,120 
Common stock repurchased (148,454) (2,571) (2,571)
Net income 18,219  18,219 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax (15,173) (15,173)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.22 per share)
(7,782) (7,782)
Balance at September 30, 2023 34,901,076  $ 548,652  $ 377,522  $ (112,628) $ 813,546 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Number of
common
shares
Common
stock
Retained
earnings
AOCI Total
stockholders’
equity
Balance at December 31, 2022 35,106,697  $ 552,397  $ 345,346  $ (99,850) $ 797,893 
Restricted stock units vested 156,370 
Stock-based compensation expense —  3,204  3,204 
Common stock repurchased (361,991) (6,949) (6,949)
Net income 55,522  55,522 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax (12,778) (12,778)
Cash dividends declared on common stock (0.66 per share)
(23,346) (23,346)
Balance at September 30, 2023 34,901,076  $ 548,652  $ 377,522  $ (112,628) $ 813,546 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Number of
common
shares
Common
stock
Retained
earnings
AOCI Total
stockholders’
equity
Balance at June 30, 2022 35,103,929  $ 550,417  $ 316,732  $ (61,783) $ 805,366 
Restricted stock units vested 419 
Stock-based compensation expense —  1,004  1,004 
Common stock repurchased (100) (2) (2)
Net income 20,990  20,990 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax (43,218) (43,218)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.21 per share)
(7,438) (7,438)
Balance at September 30, 2022 35,104,248  $ 551,419  $ 330,284  $ (105,001) $ 776,702 
8

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Number of
common
shares
Common
stock
Retained
earnings
AOCI Total
stockholders’
equity
Balance at December 31, 2021 35,105,779  $ 551,798  $ 293,238  $ 9,396  $ 854,432 
Restricted stock units vested 124,839 
Stock-based compensation expense 2,797  2,797 
Common stock repurchased (126,370) (3,176) (3,176)
Net income 59,331  59,331 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax (114,397) (114,397)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.63 per share)
(22,285) (22,285)
Balance at September 30, 2022 35,104,248  $ 551,419  $ 330,284  $ (105,001) $ 776,702 

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
9

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 55,522  $ 59,331 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion 2,370  (620)
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 2,856  (2,836)
Stock-based compensation expense 3,204  2,797 
Amortization of intangible assets 1,841  2,079 
Origination of mortgage loans held for sale (13,685) (15,190)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale 13,729  17,259 
Bank owned life insurance income (2,280) (3,182)
Valuation adjustment on interest rate swaps —  (67)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans held for sale, net (307) (593)
Loss on sale of investment securities available for sale, net 2,226  — 
Gain on sale of premises and equipment
—  (403)
Gain on sale of branch including related deposits, net
(610) — 
Other 13,698  3,865 
Net cash provided by operating activities 78,564  62,440 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Loan originations and purchases, net of payments (212,222) (176,700)
Maturities and repayments of investment securities available for sale 135,084  132,854 
Maturities and repayments of investment securities held to maturity 18,876  21,620 
Purchase of investment securities available for sale (37,724) (742,801)
Purchase of investment securities held to maturity —  (412,835)
Purchase of premises and equipment (9,250) (2,295)
Purchase of bank owned life insurance —  (105)
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance death benefit —  2,114 
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock (45,588) (985)
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available for sale 67,900  — 
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock 46,131 
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment 2,208 
Capital contributions to low-income housing tax credit partnerships (32,517) (9,245)
Net cash paid related to branch divestiture
(13,826) — 
Net cash used by investing activities (83,134) (1,186,168)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net decrease in deposits (274,988) (156,555)
Proceeds from borrowings 1,789,700  50 
Repayment of borrowings (1,339,700) (50)
Common stock cash dividends paid (23,141) (22,119)
Net decrease in securities sold under agreement to repurchase (23,439) (10,390)
Repurchase of common stock (6,949) (3,176)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities 121,483  (192,240)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 116,913  (1,315,968)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 103,590  1,723,292 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 220,503  $ 407,324 
10

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest $ 29,921  $ 4,939 
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds 1,634  1,987 
Supplemental non-cash disclosures of cash flow information:
Investment in LIHTC partnership and related funding commitment 37,042  10,728 
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities 6,663  2,869 
Transfer of bank owned life insurance to prepaid expenses and other
assets due to death benefit accrued
700  — 
Transfers of premises and equipment classified as held for sale to prepaid expenses and other assets from premises and equipment, net 5,074  910 
Transfer of deposits to deposits held for sale —  22,771 

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
11

HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
(1)Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, Significant Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
(a) Description of Business
The Company is primarily engaged in the business of planning, directing and coordinating the business activities of its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. The Bank is headquartered in Olympia, Washington and conducts business from its 50 branch offices located throughout Washington State, the greater Portland, Oregon area, Eugene, Oregon and Boise, Idaho. The Bank’s business consists primarily of commercial lending and deposit relationships with small and medium-sized businesses and their owners in its market areas and attracting deposits from the general public. The Bank also makes real estate construction and land development loans, consumer loans and originates first mortgage loans on residential properties primarily located in its market areas. The Bank's deposits are insured by the FDIC subject to limitations.
(b) Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. It is recommended these unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes be read with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes included in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. In management's opinion, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements presented for the year end December 31, 2022 were derived from audited financial statements and do not include all disclosures required by GAAP.
To prepare unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided. Management believes the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are appropriate based on the facts and circumstances at the time. Actual results, however, could differ significantly from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to management's estimate of the ACL on investment securities, management's estimate of the ACL on loans, management's estimate of the ACL on unfunded commitments, management's evaluation of goodwill impairment and management's estimate of the fair value of financial instruments.
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. All significant intercompany balances and transactions among the Company and the Bank have been eliminated in consolidation.
There have been reclassifications in certain prior year amounts in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Reclassifications had no effect on the prior year's net income or stockholders’ equity.
(c) Significant Accounting Policies
The significant accounting policies used in preparation of the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are disclosed in greater detail in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. There have not been any material changes in the Company's significant accounting policies from those contained in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
(d) Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
FASB ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), as amended by ASU 2021-01, and ASU 2022-06 was issued in March 2020 and provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020. In December 2022, FASB amended this ASU and deferred the sunset date of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022, to December 31, 2024. The amendments are elective, apply to all entities, and provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. Effective January 25, 2021, the Company adhered to the Interbank Offered Rate Fallbacks Protocol as published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. and recommended by the Alternative Reference Rates Committee. The majority of the Bank’s interest rate swap-related transactions indexed to LIBOR were transferred to another index during the three months ended June 30, 2023. The remaining instruments including loans and investments are either in the process of transition or will transition to a new index at the next repricing date. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its business operations or Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
FASB ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, was issued in March 2022. The ASU eliminates the accounting guidance for TDR loans by creditors while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Specifically, rather than applying the recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs, the entity will apply the loan refinancing and restructuring guidance to determine whether a modification or other form of restructuring results in a new loan or continuation of an existing loan. Additionally, the ASU requires public business entities to disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases.
12

These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period if an entity has adopted ASU 2016-13 and such election may be made individually to adopt the guidance related to TDRs, including related disclosures, and the presentation of gross write-offs in the vintage disclosure. This update requires prospective transition for the disclosures related to loan restructurings for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and the presentation of gross write-offs in the vintage disclosures. The guidance related to the recognition and measurement of TDRs may be adopted on a prospective or modified retrospective transition method.
The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 on a prospective basis January 1, 2023. The Company elected at the date of adoption to account for existing TDR loans as of December 31, 2022 under the Company's TDR accounting policy which is disclosed in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. All loan modifications post adoption are accounted for under the loan modification guidance in ASC 310-20. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on business operations or the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
FASB ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force), was issued in February 2023. The amendments in this ASU permit companies to elect to account for their tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method, if certain conditions are met. Under the proportional amortization method, an entity amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the income tax credits and other income tax benefits received and recognizes the net amortization and income tax credits and other income tax benefits in the statement of operations as a component of income tax expense (benefit). The amendments also require that a reporting entity disclose certain information in annual and interim reporting periods that enable investors to understand the investments that generate income tax credits and other income tax benefits from a tax credit program. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in the ASU can be applied either on a modified retrospective or a retrospective basis. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its business operations or Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
(2)Investment Securities
The Company’s investment policy is designed primarily to provide and maintain liquidity, generate a favorable return on assets without incurring undue interest rate and credit risk, and complement the Bank’s lending activities.
There were no investment securities classified as trading at September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
(a) Investment Securities by Classification, Type and Maturity
The following tables present the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities, and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized and unrecognized gains and losses including the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available for sale recognized in AOCI, at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 23,533  $ —  $ (3,109) $ 20,424 
Municipal securities 126,763  (19,965) 106,805 
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
468,174  —  (66,993) 401,181 
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
651,713  (54,505) 597,213 
Corporate obligations 4,000  —  (220) 3,780 
Other asset-backed securities 18,317  62  (235) 18,144 
Total $ 1,292,500  $ 74  $ (145,027) $ 1,147,547 
(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.
13

September 30, 2023
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrecognized
Gains
Gross
Unrecognized
Losses
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities held to maturity:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 151,040  $ —  $ (35,221) $ 115,819 
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
273,609  —  (27,445) 246,164 
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
322,196  —  (47,922) 274,274 
Total $ 746,845  $ —  $ (110,588) $ 636,257 
(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.
December 31, 2022
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 68,912  $ —  $ (5,053) $ 63,859 
Municipal securities 171,087  172  (18,233) 153,026 
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
479,473  —  (55,087) 424,386 
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
714,136  19  (49,734) 664,421 
Corporate obligations 4,000  —  (166) 3,834 
Other asset-backed securities 22,425  14  (522) 21,917 
Total $ 1,460,033  $ 205  $ (128,795) $ 1,331,443 
(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.
December 31, 2022
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrecognized
Gains
Gross
Unrecognized
Losses
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities held to maturity:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 150,936  $ —  $ (33,585) $ 117,351 
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
290,318  —  (17,440) 272,878 
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
325,142  —  (41,937) 283,205 
Total $ 766,396  $ —  $ (92,962) $ 673,434 
(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities by contractual maturity at the date indicated. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
September 30, 2023
Securities Available for Sale Securities Held to Maturity
Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)
Due in one year or less $ 14,139  $ 14,016  $ —  $ — 
Due after one year through five years 4,983  4,714  —  — 
Due after five years through ten years 43,247  38,366  83,252  66,660 
Due after ten years 91,927  73,913  67,788  49,159 
Total investment securities due at a single maturity date 154,296  131,009  151,040  115,819 
14

September 30, 2023
Securities Available for Sale Securities Held to Maturity
Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)
MBS(1)
1,138,204  1,016,538  595,805  520,438 
Total investment securities $ 1,292,500  $ 1,147,547  $ 746,845  $ 636,257 
(1) MBS, which have prepayment provisions, are not assigned to maturity categories due to fluctuations in their payment speed.
There were no holdings of investment securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
(b) Unrealized Losses on Investment Securities Available for Sale
The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investment securities available for sale for which an ACL on investment securities available for sale has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
(Dollars in thousands)
U.S. government and agency securities $ —  $ —  $ 20,424  $ (3,109) $ 20,424  $ (3,109)
Municipal securities 17,390  (485) 84,118  (19,480) 101,508  (19,965)
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
35,167  (515) 366,014  (66,478) 401,181  (66,993)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
44,981  (785) 549,283  (53,720) 594,264  (54,505)
Corporate obligations —  —  3,780  (220) 3,780  (220)
Other asset-backed securities 466  —  7,469  (235) 7,935  (235)
Total $ 98,004  $ (1,785) $ 1,031,088  $ (143,242) $ 1,129,092  $ (145,027)
(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.
December 31, 2022
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
(Dollars in thousands)
U.S. government and agency securities $ 51,900  $ (2,031) $ 11,959  $ (3,022) $ 63,859  $ (5,053)
Municipal securities 82,580  (5,585) 40,945  (12,648) 123,525  (18,233)
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
217,949  (14,770) 206,437  (40,317) 424,386  (55,087)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
473,580  (16,971) 181,692  (32,763) 655,272  (49,734)
Corporate obligations 3,834  (166) —  —  3,834  (166)
Other asset-backed securities 16,489  (510) 721  (12) 17,210  (522)
Total $ 846,332  $ (40,033) $ 441,754  $ (88,762) $ 1,288,086  $ (128,795)
(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS.
(c) ACL on Investment Securities
The Company evaluated investment securities available for sale as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and determined that any declines in fair value were attributable to changes in interest rates relative to where these investments fall within the yield curve and individual characteristics. Management monitors published credit ratings for adverse changes for all rated investment securities and none of these securities had a below investment grade credit rating as of both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. In addition, the Company does not intend to sell these securities nor does the Company consider it more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of the amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity. Therefore, no ACL on investment securities available for sale was recorded as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
The Company also evaluated investment securities held to maturity for current expected credit losses as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. There were no investment securities held to maturity classified as nonaccrual or past due as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and all were issued by the U.S.
15

government and its agencies and either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, highly rated by major credit rating agencies and had a long history of no credit losses. Accordingly, the Company did not measure expected credit losses on investment securities held to maturity since the historical credit loss information adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts results in an expectation that nonpayment of the amortized cost basis is zero. Therefore, no ACL on investment securities held to maturity was recorded as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
(d) Realized Gains and Losses
The following table presents the gross realized gains and losses on the sale of investment securities available for sale determined using the specific identification method for the dates indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
(Dollars in thousands)
Gross realized gains $ —  $ —  $ 36  $ — 
Gross realized losses (1,940) —  (2,262) — 
Net realized gains $ (1,940) $ —  $ (2,226) $ — 
(e) Pledged Securities
The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities that were pledged as collateral for the following obligations at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)
State and local governments public deposits $ 242,616  $ 220,348  $ 156,784  $ 137,931 
FRB 852,720  712,009  60,660  49,506 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 28,104  25,654  63,685  55,836 
Other securities pledged 53,883  45,922  54,910  48,358 
Total $ 1,177,323  $ 1,003,933  $ 336,039  $ 291,631 
(f) Accrued Interest Receivable
Accrued interest receivable excluded from the amortized cost of investment securities available for sale totaled $3.8 million and $4.8 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Accrued interest receivable excluded from the amortized cost on investment securities held to maturity totaled $2.3 million and $2.4 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
No amounts of accrued interest receivable on investment securities available for sale or held to maturity were reversed against interest income on investment securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
(g) Non-Marketable Securities
At December 31, 2022, as a member bank of Visa U.S.A., we held 6,549 shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock. These shares had a carrying value of zero and were restricted from resale to non-member banks of Visa U.S.A. until their conversion into Class A (voting) shares upon the termination of Visa Inc.'s Covered Litigation escrow account. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Bank sold all shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock and recognized a $1.6 million gain which is included in other income.

(3)Loans Receivable
The Bank originates loans in the ordinary course of business and has also acquired loans through mergers and acquisitions. Accrued interest receivable was excluded from disclosures presenting the Bank's amortized cost of loans receivable as it was deemed insignificant. In addition to originating loans, the Bank may also purchase loans through pool purchases, participation purchases and syndicated loan purchases.
(a) Loan Origination/Risk Management
The Bank categorizes the individual loans in the total loan portfolio into four segments: commercial business; residential real estate; real estate construction and land development; and consumer. Within these segments are classes of loans for which management monitors and assesses credit risk in the loan portfolios. A detailed description of the portfolio segments and classes is contained in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K.
The Bank has certain lending policies and guidelines in place that are designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and approves these policies and guidelines on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by providing management with frequent reports related to loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming and criticized loans.
16

The Bank also conducts internal loan reviews and validates the credit risk assessment on a periodic basis and presents the results of these reviews to management. The loan review process complements and reinforces the risk identification and assessment decisions made by loan officers and credit personnel.
The amortized cost of loans receivable, net of ACL on loans, consisted of the following portfolio segments and classes at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 691,318  $ 693,568 
Owner-occupied CRE 953,779  937,040 
Non-owner occupied CRE 1,690,099  1,586,632 
Total commercial business 3,335,196  3,217,240 
Residential real estate 377,448  343,631 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
70,804  80,074 
Commercial and multifamily
310,024  214,038 
Total real estate construction and land development 380,828  294,112 
Consumer 173,386  195,875 
Loans receivable 4,266,858  4,050,858 
ACL on loans (46,947) (42,986)
Loans receivable, net $ 4,219,911  $ 4,007,872 
Balances included in the amortized cost of loans receivable:
Unamortized net discount on acquired loans $ (2,036) $ (2,501)
Unamortized net deferred fee $ (10,949) $ (10,016)
(b) Concentrations of Credit
Most of the Bank’s lending activity occurs within its primary market areas which are concentrated along the I-5 corridor from Whatcom County, Washington to Lane County, Oregon, as well as Yakima County in Washington and Ada County in Idaho. Additionally, the Bank's loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial business loans, which include commercial and industrial, owner-occupied and nonowner-occupied CRE, and commercial and multifamily real estate construction and land development loans. Commercial business loans are generally considered as having a more inherent risk of default than residential real estate loans or other consumer loans. Also, the commercial loan balance per borrower is typically larger than that for residential real estate loans and consumer loans, implying higher potential losses on an individual loan basis.
(c) Credit Quality Indicators
As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Bank’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to (i) the risk grade of the loans, (ii) the level of classified loans, (iii) net charge-offs, (iv) nonperforming loans, (v) past due status, and (vi) the general economic conditions of the United States of America, and specifically the states of Washington and Oregon.
The Bank utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 10. Risk grades are aggregated to create the risk categories of Pass for grades 1 to 6, Special Mention or "SM" for grade 7, Substandard or "SS" for grade 8, Doubtful for grade 9 and Loss for grade 10. Descriptions of the general characteristics of the risk grades, including qualitative information on how the risk grades relate to the risk of loss, are contained in the 2022 Annual Form 10-K. Numerical loan grades for loans are established at the origination of the loan. Changes to loan grades are considered at the time new information about the performance of a loan becomes available, including the receipt of updated financial information from the borrower, results of annual term loan reviews and scheduled loan reviews. For consumer loans, the Bank follows the FDIC’s Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy for subsequent classification in the event of payment delinquencies or default. Typically, an individual loan grade will not be changed from the prior period unless there is a specific indication of credit deterioration or improvement. Credit deterioration is evidenced by delinquency, direct communications with the borrower or other borrower information that becomes known to management. Credit improvements are evidenced by known facts regarding the borrower or the collateral property.
Loan grades relate to the likelihood of losses in that the higher the grade, the greater the loss potential. Loans with a pass grade may have some estimated inherent losses, but to a lesser extent than the other loan grades. The SM loan grade is transitory in that the Bank is waiting on additional information to determine the likelihood and extent of any potential loss.
17

The likelihood of loss for SM graded loans, however, is greater than Watch graded loans because there has been measurable credit deterioration. Loans with a SS grade have further credit deterioration and include both accrual loans and nonaccrual loans. For Doubtful and Loss graded loans, the Bank is almost certain of the losses and the outstanding principal balances are generally charged off to the realizable value.
The following tables present the amortized cost of loans receivable by risk grade and origination year, and the gross charge-offs by loan class and origination year, at the dates indicated. The Bank adopted the vintage disclosure requirements of ASU 2022-02 prospectively as described in Note 1 beginning January 1, 2023.
September 30, 2023 Revolving Loans
Revolving Loans Converted(1)
Loans Receivable
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial
Pass $ 72,204  $ 157,851  $ 80,225  $ 72,575  $ 44,139  $ 87,318  $ 141,690  $ 290  $ 656,292 
SM —  201  254  1,748  4,413  3,911  846  —  11,373 
SS —  1,239  2,667  1,541  1,220  5,137  11,849  —  23,653 
Total 72,204  159,291  83,146  75,864  49,772  96,366  154,385  290  691,318 
Owner-occupied CRE
Pass 67,181  139,102  161,632  84,403  149,576  311,216  —  —  913,110 
SM —  —  3,565  2,012  710  16,108  —  —  22,395 
SS —  —  3,090  658  —  14,526  —  —  18,274 
Total 67,181  139,102  168,287  87,073  150,286  341,850  —  —  953,779 
Non-owner occupied CRE
Pass 137,013  260,502  206,919  154,132  242,200  647,754  —  —  1,648,520 
SM —  601  8,217  —  575  19,479  —  —  28,872 
SS —  —  —  —  —  12,707  —  —  12,707 
Total 137,013  261,103  215,136  154,132  242,775  679,940  —  —  1,690,099 
Total commercial business
Pass 276,398  557,455  448,776  311,110  435,915  1,046,288  141,690  290  3,217,922 
SM —  802  12,036  3,760  5,698  39,498  846  —  62,640 
SS —  1,239  5,757  2,199  1,220  32,370  11,849  —  54,634 
Total 276,398  559,496  466,569  317,069  442,833  1,118,156  154,385  290  3,335,196 
Commercial business gross charge-offs
Current period
—  —  15  61  —  100  —  —  176 
Residential real estate
Pass(1)
37,158  139,887  143,647  24,868  15,134  16,590  —  —  377,284 
SS —  —  —  —  —  164  —  —  164 
Total 37,158  139,887  143,647  24,868  15,134  16,754  —  —  377,448 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
Pass 26,212  30,529  5,024  1,488  822  732  —  —  64,807 
SS 997  319  4,495  —  —  186  —  —  5,997 
Total 27,209  30,848  9,519  1,488  822  918  —  —  70,804 
Commercial and multifamily
Pass 26,072  158,782  106,134  5,391  764  3,369  —  —  300,512 
SM —  —  —  3,452  5,687  373  —  —  9,512 
Total 26,072  158,782  106,134  8,843  6,451  3,742  —  —  310,024 
18

September 30, 2023 Revolving Loans
Revolving Loans Converted(1)
Loans Receivable
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior
(Dollars in thousands)
Total real estate construction and land development
Pass 52,284  189,311  111,158  6,879  1,586  4,101  —  —  365,319 
SM —  —  —  3,452  5,687  373  —  —  9,512 
SS 997  319  4,495  —  —  186  —  —  5,997 
Total 53,281  189,630  115,653  10,331  7,273  4,660  —  —  380,828 
Consumer
Pass 1,713  2,314  332  7,016  18,305  23,514  117,681  653  171,528 
SS —  —  —  150  286  1,023  375  24  1,858 
Total 1,713  2,314  332  7,166  18,591  24,537  118,056  677  173,386 
Consumer gross charge-offs:
Current period
10  12  21  54  122  194  —  420 
Loans receivable
Pass 367,553  888,967  703,913  349,873  470,940  1,090,493  259,371  943  4,132,053 
SM —  802  12,036  7,212  11,385  39,871  846  —  72,152 
SS 997  1,558  10,252  2,349  1,506  33,743  12,224  24  62,653 
Total $ 368,550  $ 891,327  $ 726,201  $ 359,434  $ 483,831  $ 1,164,107  $ 272,441  $ 967  $ 4,266,858 
Gross charge-offs:
Total
$ $ 10  $ 27  $ 82  $ 54  $ 222  $ 194  $ —  $ 596 
(1) Represents the loans receivable balance at September 30, 2023 which was converted from a revolving loan to a non-revolving amortizing loan during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
December 31, 2022
Revolving Loans
Revolving Loans Converted(1)
Loans Receivable
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial
Pass $ 168,818  $ 94,653  $ 82,554  $ 61,160  $ 33,957  $ 74,181  $ 146,795  $ 172  $ 662,290 
SM 212  109  443  4,637  362  4,447  5,433  —  15,643 
SS 773  188  1,710  3,465  559  5,098  3,674  168  15,635 
Total 169,803  94,950  84,707  69,262  34,878  83,726  155,902  340  693,568 
Owner-occupied CRE
Pass 134,432  167,927  93,834  157,096  62,876  282,212  —  —  898,377 
SM —  1,744  —  —  2,540  16,664  —  247  21,195 
SS —  —  671  —  3,722  13,075  —  —  17,468 
Total 134,432  169,671  94,505  157,096  69,138  311,951  —  247  937,040 
Non-owner-occupied CRE
Pass 240,151  189,300  160,930  258,778  121,369  561,645  —  —  1,532,173 
SM —  8,349  —  4,172  —  12,190  —  —  24,711 
SS —  —  —  —  3,627  26,121  —  —  29,748 
Total 240,151  197,649  160,930  262,950  124,996  599,956  —  —  1,586,632 
19

December 31, 2022
Revolving Loans
Revolving Loans Converted(1)
Loans Receivable
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior
(Dollars in thousands)
Total commercial business
Pass 543,401  451,880  337,318  477,034  218,202  918,038  146,795  172  3,092,840 
SM 212  10,202  443  8,809  2,902  33,301  5,433  247  61,549 
SS 773  188  2,381  3,465  7,908  44,294  3,674  168  62,851 
Total 544,386  462,270  340,142  489,308  229,012  995,633  155,902  587  3,217,240 
Residential real estate
Pass 132,510  149,934  24,668  16,803  4,207  15,337  —  —  343,459 
SS —  —  —  —  —  172  —  —  172 
Total 132,510  149,934  24,668  16,803  4,207  15,509  —  —  343,631 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
Pass 45,521  26,675  2,891  3,061  871  1,055  —  —  80,074 
Commercial and multifamily
Pass 71,168  123,626  6,272  1,084  2,562  995  —  —  205,707 
SM —  —  2,213  5,687  —  —  —  —  7,900 
SS —  —  —  37  —  394  —  —  431 
Total 71,168  123,626  8,485  6,808  2,562  1,389  —  —  214,038 
Total real estate construction and land development
Pass 116,689  150,301  9,163  4,145  3,433  2,050  —  —  285,781 
SM —  —  2,213  5,687  —  —  —  —  7,900 
SS —  —  —  37  —  394  —  —  431 
Total 116,689  150,301  11,376  9,869  3,433  2,444  —  —  294,112 
Consumer
Pass 3,379  509  9,848  27,370  15,563  19,855  116,605  435  193,564 
SS —  —  168  559  320  1,120  44  100  2,311 
Total 3,379  509  10,016  27,929  15,883  20,975  116,649  535  195,875 
Loans receivable
Pass 795,979  752,624  380,997  525,352  241,405  955,280  263,400  607  3,915,644 
SM 212  10,202  2,656  14,496  2,902  33,301  5,433  247  69,449 
SS 773  188  2,549  4,061  8,228  45,980  3,718  268  65,765 
Total $ 796,964  $ 763,014  $ 386,202  $ 543,909  $ 252,535  $ 1,034,561  $ 272,551  $ 1,122  $ 4,050,858 
(1) Represents the loans receivable balance at December 31, 2022 which was converted from a revolving loan to non-revolving amortizing loan during the year ended December 31, 2022.
(d) Nonaccrual Loans
The following tables present the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023
Nonaccrual without ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total Nonaccrual
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 2,172  $ 686  $ 2,858 
Owner-occupied CRE —  207  207 
Total $ 2,172  $ 893  $ 3,065 
20


December 31, 2022
Nonaccrual without ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total Nonaccrual
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 4,503  $ 1,154  $ 5,657 
Owner-occupied CRE —  212  212 
Total commercial business 4,503  1,366  5,869 
Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily
—  37  37 
Total $ 4,503  $ 1,403  $ 5,906 
The following table presents the reversal of interest income on loans due to the write-off of accrued interest receivable upon the initial classification of loans as nonaccrual loans and the interest income recognized due to payment in full or sale of previously classified nonaccrual loans during the following periods:
Three Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022
Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ (10) $ 18  $ —  $ 31 
Total $ (10) $ 18  $ —  $ 31 

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022
Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized Interest Income Reversed Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ (24) $ 48  $ (14) $ 260 
Owner-occupied CRE —  —  —  53 
Non-owner occupied CRE —  —  —  774 
Total commercial business (24) 48  (14) 1,087 
Residential real estate —  —  —  19 
Consumer —  —  —  68 
Total $ (24) $ 48  $ (14) $ 1,174 
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, no interest income was recognized subsequent to a loan’s classification as nonaccrual, except as indicated in the tables above due to payment in full or sale.
(e) Past due loans
The Bank performs an aging analysis of past due loans using policies consistent with regulatory reporting requirements with categories of 30-89 days past due and 90 or more days past due. The following tables present the amortized cost of past due loans at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023
30-89 Days 90 Days or
Greater
Total Past 
Due
Current Loans Receivable
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,126  $ 2,883  $ 4,009  $ 687,309  $ 691,318 
21

September 30, 2023
30-89 Days 90 Days or
Greater
Total Past 
Due
Current Loans Receivable
(Dollars in thousands)
Owner-occupied CRE 426  635  1,061  952,718  953,779 
Non-owner occupied CRE —  —  —  1,690,099  1,690,099 
Total commercial business 1,552  3,518  5,070  3,330,126  3,335,196 
Residential real estate
—  —  —  377,448  377,448 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
505  —  505  70,299  70,804 
Commercial and multifamily
—  —  —  310,024  310,024 
Total real estate construction and land development 505  —  505  380,323  380,828 
Consumer 635  325  960  172,426  173,386 
Total $ 2,692  $ 3,843  $ 6,535  $ 4,260,323  $ 4,266,858 
December 31, 2022
30-89 Days 90 Days or
Greater
Total Past 
Due
Current Loans Receivable
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 822  $ 6,104  $ 6,926  $ 686,642  $ 693,568 
Owner-occupied CRE —  189  189  936,851  937,040 
Non-owner occupied CRE —  —  —  1,586,632  1,586,632 
Total commercial business 822  6,293  7,115  3,210,125  3,217,240 
Residential real estate
3,066  —  3,066  340,565  343,631 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
—  —  —  80,074  80,074 
Commercial and multifamily
—  —  —  214,038  214,038 
Total real estate construction and land development —  —  —  294,112  294,112 
Consumer 1,561  —  1,561  194,314  195,875 
Total $ 5,449  $ 6,293  $ 11,742  $ 4,039,116  $ 4,050,858 
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest were $2.2 million and $1.6 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
(f) Collateral-dependent Loans
The following tables present the type of collateral securing loans individually evaluated for credit losses and for which the repayment was expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral at the dates indicated, with balances representing the amortized cost of the loan classified by the primary collateral category of each loan if multiple collateral sources secure the loan:
September 30, 2023
CRE Farmland Residential Real Estate Equipment Total
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 260  $ 389  $ 630  $ 541  $ 1,820 
Owner-occupied CRE 189  —  —  —  189 
Total $ 449  $ 389  $ 630  $ 541  $ 2,009 
22

December 31, 2022
CRE Farmland Residential Real Estate Equipment Total
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,239  $ 1,977  $ 929  $ —  $ 4,145 
Owner-occupied CRE 189  —  —  —  189 
Total $ 1,428  $ 1,977  $ 929  $ —  $ 4,334 
There have been no significant changes to the collateral securing loans individually evaluated for credit losses and for which repayment was expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, except changes due to additions or removals of loans in this classification.
(g) Modification of Loans
In January 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU 2022-02”), which eliminated the accounting guidance for TDRs while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. This guidance was applied on a prospective basis.
Modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, term extensions, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.
The following table presents loan modifications by type of modification at amortized cost that were modified as a result of experiencing both financial difficulty and modified during the period indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Term Extension Term Extension & Int. Rate Reduction Total Modified Loans % of Modified Loans to Loans Receivable, net
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 313  $ —  $ 313  0.05  %
Non-owner occupied CRE —  239  239  0.01 
Total $ 313  $ 239  $ 552  0.01  %
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Term Extension Term Extension & Int. Rate Reduction Total Modified Loans % of Modified Loans to Loans Receivable, net
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 6,516  $ —  $ 6,516  0.94  %
Non-owner occupied CRE 2,716  239  2,955  0.17 
Total commercial business 9,232  239  9,471  0.28 
Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily
3,452  —  3,452  1.11  %
Consumer 28  17  45  0.03  %
Total $ 12,712  $ 256  $ 12,968  0.30  %
23

The following tables present the financial effect of the loan modifications presented in the preceding table during the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Weighted Average % of Interest Rate Reductions Weighted Average Years of Term Extensions Weighted Average % of Interest Rate Reductions Weighted Average Years of Term Extensions
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial —  % 1.82 —  % 0.58
Owner-occupied CRE —  % —  %
Non-owner occupied CRE 3.00  2.00 3.00  1.09
Total commercial business 3.00  1.90 3.00  0.74
Real estate construction and land development:
Commercial and multifamily
—  —  0.42
Consumer —  1.00  2.62
Total 3.00  % 1.90 3.00  % 0.66
There were no modified loans included in the tables above that were past due or on nonaccrual as of September 30, 2023.
There were no modified loans made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, that subsequently defaulted.
(h) Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable
Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable totaled $12.5 million and $11.3 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is excluded from the calculation of the ACL on loans as interest accrued, but not received, is reversed timely.
(i) Foreclosure proceedings in process
At September 30, 2023, there were no consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process.

(4)Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
The Company's methodology for determining the ACL on loans is based upon key assumptions, including the lookback periods, historic net charge-off factors, economic forecasts, reversion periods, prepayments and qualitative adjustments. The allowance is measured on a collective, or pool, basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Loans that do not share common risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the collective evaluation. For a description of the Company's ACL policy, see Note 1 - Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, Significant Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements included in Item 8. Financial Statements And Supplementary Data in our 2022 Annual Form 10-K.
GAAP requires the Company to develop reasonable and supportable forecasts of future conditions, and estimate how those forecasts are expected to impact a borrower’s ability to satisfy their obligation to the Company and the ultimate collectability of future cash flows over the life of a loan. The Company uses macroeconomic scenarios from an independent third party. These scenarios are based on past events, current conditions, the likelihood of future events occurring and include consideration of the forecasted direction of the economic and business environment and its likely impact on the estimated allowance as compared to the historical losses over the reasonable and supportable time frame. Economic forecast models for the current period are uploaded to the model, which targets certain forecasted macroeconomic factors, such as unemployment rate, gross domestic product, housing price index, commercial real estate price index, and certain rate and market indices. Macroeconomic factor multipliers are determined through regression analysis and applied to loss rates for each segment of loans with similar risk characteristics. Each of the forecasted segment balances is impacted by a mix of these macroeconomic factors. Further, each of the macroeconomic factors is utilized differently by segment, including the application of lagged factors and various transformations such as percent change year over year. A macroeconomic sensitive model is developed for each segment given the current and forecasted conditions and a macroeconomic multiplier is calculated for each forecast period considering the forecasted losses as compared to the long-term average actual losses of the dataset. The impact of those macroeconomic factors on each segment, both positive or negative, using the reasonable and supportable period, are added to the calculated baseline loss allowance. After the reasonable and supportable period, forecasted loss rates revert to historical baseline loss levels over the predetermined reversion period on a straight-lined basis.
At September 30, 2023, the Company upgraded the version of the model used to calculate the ACL for collectively evaluated loans. This new version includes changes to the macroeconomic variables used for each of the loan segments to either add or eliminate variables based upon regression testing and the relationship to expected results and the lookback period was changed to look back to 2000 as compared to 1991 to improve data relevance.
24

The most significant changes to macroeconomic variables were in the commercial and industrial segment and commercial real estate segments. The commercial and industrial segment had previously used unemployment as a macroeconomic variable which was removed and replaced with a market index, rate index and real estate price index. The commercial real estate segments had previously used gross domestic product as a macroeconomic variable which was removed and replaced with a housing price index. The new version also added a segment for home equity lines of credit. The overall impact to the ACL for collectively evaluated loans due to this version change prior to applying qualitative adjustments was not considered to be material.
The Company recognizes that historical information used as the basis for determining future expected credit losses may not always, by itself, provide a sufficient basis for determining future expected credit losses. The Company, therefore, considers the need for qualitative adjustments to the ACL on a quarterly basis. Qualitative adjustments may be related to and include, but not be limited to, factors such as: (i) management’s assessment of economic forecasts used in the model and how those forecasts align with management’s overall evaluation of current and expected economic conditions, (ii) organization specific risks such as credit concentrations, collateral specific risks, regulatory risks, and external factors that may ultimately impact credit quality, (iii) potential model limitations such as limitations identified through back-testing, and other limitations associated with factors such as underwriting changes, acquisition of new portfolios and changes in portfolio segmentation, and (iv) management’s overall assessment of the adequacy of the ACL, including an assessment of model data inputs used to determine the ACL.
As of September 30, 2023, qualitative adjustments primarily relate to certain segments of the loan portfolio deemed by management to be of a higher-risk profile where management believes the quantitative component of the Company’s ACL model may not have fully captured the associated impact to the ACL. In addition, qualitative adjustments also relate to heightened uncertainty as to future macroeconomic conditions and the related impact on certain loan segments. Management reviews the need for an appropriate level of qualitative adjustments on a quarterly basis, and as such, the amount and allocation of qualitative adjustments may change in future periods.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the ACL on loans increased $3.9 million to $46.9 million from $43.0 million at December 31, 2022 due primarily to a provision for credit losses on loans of $3.1 million driven by growth in loans receivable, net and secondarily due to net recoveries of $895,000 as a result of a $1.1 million recovery from the payoff of a nonaccrual loan.
The following tables detail the activity in the ACL on loans by segment and class for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries
(Reversal of) Provision for Credit Losses
Ending Balance
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 13,288  $ (15) $ 1,253  $ (2,781) $ 11,745 
Owner-occupied CRE 8,503  —  —  191  8,694 
Non-owner occupied CRE 9,482  —  —  1,184  10,666 
Total commercial business 31,273  (15) 1,253  (1,406) 31,105 
Residential real estate
2,865  —  —  684  3,549 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
1,671  —  —  (163) 1,508 
Commercial and multifamily
8,014  —  —  437  8,451 
Total real estate construction and land development 9,685  —  —  274  9,959 
Consumer 2,585  (123) 59  (187) 2,334 
Total $ 46,408  $ (138) $ 1,312  $ (635) $ 46,947 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reversal of) Credit Losses Ending Balance
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 13,962  $ (176) $ 1,342  $ (3,383) $ 11,745 
Owner-occupied CRE 7,480  —  —  1,214  8,694 
Non-owner occupied CRE 9,276  —  —  1,390  10,666 
Total commercial business 30,718  (176) 1,342  (779) 31,105 
25

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reversal of) Credit Losses Ending Balance
(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate
2,872  —  —  677  3,549 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 1,654  —  —  (146) 1,508 
Commercial and multifamily
5,409  —  —  3,042  8,451 
Total real estate construction and land development 7,063  —  —  2,896  9,959 
Consumer 2,333  (420) 149  272  2,334 
Total $ 42,986  $ (596) $ 1,491  $ 3,066  $ 46,947 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries (Reversal of) Provision for Credit Losses Ending Balance
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 14,033  $ —  $ 455  $ 180  $ 14,668 
Owner-occupied CRE 8,162  —  —  (443) 7,719 
Non-owner occupied CRE 9,512  —  —  41  9,553 
Total commercial business 31,707  —  455  (222) 31,940 
Residential real estate 2,137  —  —  408  2,545 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential 1,081  —  208  1,294 
Commercial and multifamily
2,203  —  102  1,505  3,810 
Total real estate construction and land development 3,284  —  107  1,713  5,104 
Consumer 2,568  (138) 50  20  2,500 
Total $ 39,696  $ (138) $ 612  $ 1,919  $ 42,089 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries
(Reversal of) Provision for Credit Losses
Ending Balance
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 17,777  $ (280) $ 876  $ (3,705) $ 14,668 
Owner-occupied CRE 6,411  (36) —  1,344  7,719 
Non-owner occupied CRE 8,861  —  —  692  9,553 
Total commercial business 33,049  (316) 876  (1,669) 31,940 
Residential real estate 1,409  (30) 1,163  2,545 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
1,304  —  19  (29) 1,294 
Commercial and multifamily
3,972  —  155  (317) 3,810 
Total real estate construction and land development 5,276  —  174  (346) 5,104 
Consumer 2,627  (396) 669  (400) 2,500 
Total $ 42,361  $ (742) $ 1,722  $ (1,252) $ 42,089 

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The following table details the activity in the ACL on unfunded commitments during the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period $ 1,777  $ 997  $ 1,744  $ 2,607 
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments (243) 26  (210) (1,584)
Balance, end of period $ 1,534  $ 1,023  $ 1,534  $ 1,023 

(5)Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
(a) Goodwill
There were no additions to goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. Additionally, management analyzes its goodwill on an annual basis on December 31 and between annual tests in certain circumstances such as material adverse changes in legal, business, regulatory and economic factors. An impairment loss is recorded to the extent the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. The Company performed an annual impairment assessment as of December 31, 2022 and concluded that there was no impairment.
Due to a sustained decline in stock price during the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company determined a triggering event occurred and consequently performed a quantitative assessment of goodwill as of May 31, 2023. We estimated the fair value of the reporting unit by weighting results from the market approach and the income approach. Significant assumptions inherent in the valuation methodologies for goodwill were employed and included, but were not limited to, prospective financial information, growth rates, terminal value, discount rates, and comparable multiples from publicly traded companies in our industry. Based on this quantitative test, we determined that the fair value of the reporting unit more likely than not exceeded the carrying value.
At September 30, 2023, the Company determined that no material adverse changes had occurred since the quantitative assessment was performed as of May 31, 2023 and concluded that there continues to be no impairment of goodwill.
(b) Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets represent core deposit intangible acquired in business combinations with estimated useful lives of ten years. There were no additions to other intangible assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

(6)Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company utilizes interest rate swap derivative contracts to facilitate the needs of its commercial customers whereby it enters into an interest rate swap with a customer while at the same time entering into an offsetting interest rate swap with another financial institution. The transaction allows the Company’s customer to effectively convert a variable rate loan to a fixed rate loan, or a fixed rate loan to a variable rate loan, and the Company recognizes immediate income based upon the difference in the bid/ask spread of the underlying transactions with its customers and the third-party. These interest rate swaps are not designated as hedging instruments.
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk as part of the transaction. However, the Company acts as an intermediary for its customer therefore changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts for the most part offset each other and do not significantly impact the Company’s results of operations.
Fee income related to interest rate swap derivative contract transactions is recorded in Interest rate swap fees on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The fair value of derivative positions outstanding is included in Prepaid expenses and other assets and Accrued expenses and other liabilities in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The gains and losses due to changes in fair value and all cash flows are included in Other income in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, but typically net to zero based on the identical back-to-back interest rate swap derivative contracts unless a credit valuation adjustment is recorded to appropriately reflect nonperformance risk in the fair value measurement. Various factors impact changes in the credit valuation adjustments over time, including changes in the risk ratings of the parties to the contracts, as well as changes in market rates and volatilities, which affect the total expected exposure of the derivative instruments.
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The following table presents the notional amounts and estimated fair values of interest rate derivative contracts outstanding at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Notional Amounts Estimated Fair Value Notional Amounts Estimated Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)
Non-hedging interest rate derivatives
Interest rate swap asset (1)
$ 289,978  33,840  $ 288,785  $ 30,107 
Interest rate swap liability (1)
289,978  (33,840) 288,785  (30,107)
 (1) The estimated fair value of derivatives with customers was $(33.7) million and $(30.1) million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The estimated fair value of derivatives with third-parties was $33.7 million and $30.1 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty to these agreements. Credit risk for derivatives with the customer is controlled through the credit approval process, amount limits, and monitoring procedures and is concentrated within our primary market areas. Credit risk for derivatives with third-parties is concentrated among four well-known broker dealers.

(7)Stockholders’ Equity
(a) Earnings Per Common Share
The following table illustrates the calculation of weighted average shares used for earnings per common share computations for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
(Dollars in thousands, except shares)
Net income allocated to common shareholders $ 18,219  $ 20,990  $ 55,522  $ 59,331 
Basic:
Weighted average common shares outstanding 35,022,676  35,103,984  35,062,760  35,103,048 
Diluted:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding 35,022,676  35,103,984  35,062,760  35,103,048 
Effect of potentially dilutive common shares (1)
92,489  364,906  242,696  335,624 
Total diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 35,115,165  35,468,890  35,305,456  35,438,672 
Potentially dilutive shares that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive (2)
312,539  3,026  163,860  13,662 
(1) Represents the effect of the vesting of restricted stock units.
(2) Anti-dilution occurs when the unrecognized compensation cost per share of a restricted stock unit exceeds the market price of the Company’s stock.
(b) Dividends
The timing and amount of cash dividends paid on the Company's common stock depends on the Company’s earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and other relevant factors. Dividends on common stock from the Company depend substantially upon receipt of dividends from the Bank, which is the Company’s predominant source of income.
The following table summarizes the dividend activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and the calendar year 2022:
Declared Cash Dividend per Share Record Date Paid Date
January 26, 2022 $0.21 February 9, 2022 February 23, 2022
April 20, 2022 $0.21 May 4, 2022 May 18, 2022
July 20, 2022 $0.21 August 3, 2022 August 17, 2022
October 19, 2022 $0.21 November 2, 2022 November 16, 2022
January 25, 2023 $0.22 February 8, 2023 February 22, 2023
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Declared Cash Dividend per Share Record Date Paid Date
April 19, 2023 $0.22 May 4, 2023 May 18, 2023
July 19, 2023 $0.22 August 2, 2023 August 16, 2023
The FDIC and the Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Division of Banks have the authority under their supervisory powers to prohibit the payment of dividends by the Bank to the Company. Additionally, current guidance from the Federal Reserve provides, among other things, that dividends per share on the Company’s common stock generally should not exceed earnings per share, measured over the previous four fiscal quarters. Current regulations allow the Company and the Bank to pay dividends on their common stock if the Company’s or the Bank’s regulatory capital would not be reduced below the statutory capital requirements set by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC.
(c) Stock Repurchase Program
The Company has had various stock repurchase programs since March 1999. On March 12, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 5% of the Company's outstanding common shares, or 1,799,054 shares, under the twelfth stock repurchase plan with 307,790 shares remaining available for repurchase as of September 30, 2023. The number, timing and price of shares repurchased under the twelfth stock repurchase plan will depend on business and market conditions and other factors, including opportunities to deploy the Company's capital.
The following table provides total repurchased shares and average share prices under the repurchase plan for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Plan Total(1)
Twelfth Stock Repurchase Plan
Repurchased shares 148,119  —  330,424  100,090  1,491,264 
Stock repurchase average share price $ 17.08  $ —  $ 18.82  $ 25.07  $ 22.80 
(1) Represents total shares repurchased and average price per share paid during the duration of the repurchase plan.
In addition to the stock repurchases under a stock repurchase plan, the Company repurchases shares to pay withholding taxes on the vesting of restricted stock units. The following table provides total shares repurchased to pay withholding taxes during the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Repurchased shares to pay withholding taxes 335  100  31,567  26,280 
Stock repurchase to pay withholding taxes average share price $ 17.26  $ 26.94  $ 22.03  $ 25.40 

(8)Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:
Level 1: Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, or interest in open-end mutual funds that allow the Company to sell its ownership interest back to the fund at net asset value on a daily basis. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets, liabilities, or funds.
Level 2: Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer or broker markets, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or valuations using methodologies with observable inputs.
Level 3: Valuations for assets and liabilities that are derived from other valuation methodologies, such as option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques using unobservable inputs, and not based on market exchange, dealer, or broker traded transactions. Level 3 valuations incorporate certain assumptions and projections in determining the fair value assigned to such assets or liabilities.
(a) Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis
The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to measure the fair value of certain assets on a recurring and nonrecurring basis:
Investment Securities:
The fair values of all investment securities are based upon the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the security. If available, fair values of investment securities are determined by quoted market prices (Level 1). For investment securities where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices on similar securities (Level 2).
29

For investment securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated by using observable and unobservable inputs such as discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3). Investment security valuations are obtained from third-party pricing services.
Collateral-Dependent Loans:
Collateral-dependent loans are identified for the calculation of the ACL on loans. The fair value used to measure credit loss for this type of loan is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals which are generally obtained at least every 18 months or earlier if there are changes to risk characteristics of the underlying loan. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. The Bank also incorporates an estimate of cost to sell the collateral when the sale is probable. Such adjustments may be significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value based on the borrower’s financial statements or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation and management’s expertise and knowledge of the customer and customer’s business (Level 3). Individually evaluated loans are analyzed for credit loss on a quarterly basis and the ACL on loans is adjusted as required based on the results.
Appraisals on collateral-dependent loans are performed by certified general appraisers for commercial properties or certified residential appraisers for residential properties whose qualifications and licenses have been reviewed and verified by the Bank. Once received, the Bank's internal appraisal department reviews and approves the assumptions and approaches utilized in the appraisal as well as the resulting fair value in comparison with independent data sources such as recent market data or industry-wide statistics.
Derivative Financial Instruments:
The Bank obtains broker or dealer quotes to value its interest rate derivative contracts, which use valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2), and incorporates credit valuation adjustments to reflect nonperformance risk in the measurement of fair value (Level 3). Although the Bank has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its interest rate swap derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as borrower risk ratings, to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Bank assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustment on the overall valuation of its interest rate swap derivatives and determined the credit valuation adjustment was not significant to the overall valuation of its interest rate swap derivatives. As a result, the Bank has classified its interest rate swap derivative valuations in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Recurring Basis
The following tables summarize the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 20,424  $ —  $ 20,424  $ — 
Municipal securities 106,805  5,137  101,668  — 
Residential CMO and MBS 401,181  —  401,181  — 
Commercial CMO and MBS 597,213  —  597,213  — 
Corporate obligations 3,780  —  3,780  — 
Other asset-backed securities 18,144  —  18,144  — 
Total investment securities available for sale 1,147,547  5,137  1,142,410  — 
Equity security 256  256  —  — 
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 33,840  —  33,840  — 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps $ 33,840  $ —  $ 33,840  $ — 
December 31, 2022
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 63,859  $ 19,779  $ 44,080  $ — 
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December 31, 2022
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Municipal securities 153,026  5,399  147,627  — 
Residential CMO and MBS 424,386  —  424,386  — 
Commercial CMO and MBS 664,421  —  664,421  — 
Corporate obligations 3,834  —  3,834  — 
Other asset-backed securities 21,917  —  21,917  — 
Total investment securities available for sale 1,331,443  25,178  1,306,265  — 
Equity security 185  185  —  — 
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 30,107  —  30,107  — 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps $ 30,107  $ —  $ 30,107  $ — 
Nonrecurring Basis
The Company may be required to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets. The following tables represent assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at the dates indicated:
Fair Value at September 30, 2023
Basis(1)
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans:
Commercial business:
Owner-occupied CRE 613  178  —  —  178 
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis $ 613  $ 178  $ —  $ —  $ 178 
(1) Basis represents the outstanding principal balance of collateral-dependent loans.
Fair Value at December 31, 2022
Basis(1)
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans:
Commercial business:
Owner-occupied CRE $ 613  $ 182  $ —  $ —  $ 182 
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis $ 613  $ 182  $ —  $ —  $ 182 
(1) Basis represents the outstanding principal balance of collateral-dependent loans.
The following tables present quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023
Fair
Value
Valuation
Technique(s)
Unobservable Input(s) Range of Inputs
Weighted
Average (1)
(Dollars in thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans $ 178  Market approach Adjustments to reflect current conditions and selling costs
16.7% - 16.7%
16.7%
(1) Weighted by net discount to net appraisal fair value
December 31, 2022
Fair
Value
Valuation
Technique(s)
Unobservable Input(s) Range of Inputs
Weighted
Average (1)
(Dollars in thousands)
Collateral-dependent loans $ 182  Market approach Adjustments to reflect current conditions and selling costs
14.6% - 14.6%
14.6%
(1) Weighted by net discount to net appraisal fair value
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(b) Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Broadly traded markets do not exist for most of the Company’s financial instruments; therefore, the fair value calculations attempt to incorporate the effect of current market conditions at a specific time. These determinations are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and do not include tax ramifications; therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision, substantiated by comparison to independent markets and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the instruments. There may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results. For all of these reasons, the aggregation of the fair value calculations presented herein does not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.
The following tables present the carrying value amount of the Company’s financial instruments and their corresponding estimated fair values at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 220,503  $ 220,503  $ 220,503  $ —  $ — 
Investment securities available for sale 1,147,547  1,147,547  5,137  1,142,410  — 
Investment securities held to maturity 746,845  636,257  —  636,257  — 
Loans held for sale 263  268  —  268  — 
Loans receivable, net 4,219,911  4,072,296  —  —  4,072,296 
Accrued interest receivable 18,794  18,794  271  6,001  12,522 
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 33,840  33,840  —  33,840  — 
Equity security 256  256  256  —  — 
Financial Liabilities:
Non-maturity deposits $ 5,006,581  $ 5,006,581  $ 5,006,581  $ —  $ — 
Certificates of deposit 628,606  637,048  —  637,048  — 
Borrowings 450,000  447,952  —  447,952  — 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 23,158  23,158  23,158  —  — 
Junior subordinated debentures 21,692  19,750  —  —  19,750 
Accrued interest payable 8,922  8,922  65  8,782  75 
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps 33,840  33,840  —  33,840  — 
December 31, 2022
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 103,590  $ 103,590  $ 103,590  $ —  $ — 
Investment securities available for sale 1,331,443  1,331,443  25,178  1,306,265  — 
Investment securities held to maturity 766,396  673,434  —  673,434  — 
Loans receivable, net 4,007,872  3,841,821  —  —  3,841,821 
Accrued interest receivable 18,547  18,547  349  6,892  11,306 
Derivative assets - interest rate swaps 30,107  30,107  —  30,107  — 
Equity security 185  185  185  —  — 
Financial Liabilities:
Non-maturity deposits $ 5,617,267  $ 5,617,267  $ 5,617,267  $ —  $ — 
Certificates of deposit 307,573  308,325  —  308,325  — 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 46,597  46,597  46,597  —  — 
Junior subordinated debentures 21,473  20,000  —  —  20,000 
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December 31, 2022
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in thousands)
Accrued interest payable 143  143  57  13  73 
Derivative liabilities - interest rate swaps 30,107  30,107  —  30,107  — 

(9)Cash Restriction
The Bank had no cash restrictions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

(10)Commitments and Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, the Bank may enter into various types of transactions that include commitments to extend credit that are not included in its unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Bank applies the same credit standards to these commitments as it uses in all its lending activities and has included these commitments in its lending risk evaluations. The majority of the commitments presented below are variable rate. Loan commitments can be either revolving or non-revolving. The Bank’s exposure to credit and market risk under commitments to extend credit is represented by the amount of these commitments.
The following table presents outstanding commitments to extend credit, including letters of credit, at the dates indicated:
  September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 536,785  $ 548,438 
Owner-occupied CRE 9,477  3,083 
Non-owner occupied CRE 32,680  13,396 
Total commercial business 578,942  564,917 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
49,008  43,460 
Commercial and multifamily
345,464  348,956 
Total real estate construction and land development 394,472  392,416 
Consumer 336,206  323,016 
Total outstanding commitments $ 1,309,620  $ 1,280,349 

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion is intended to assist in understanding the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. The information contained in this section should be read together with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes included herein, the Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements included herein and the December 31, 2022 audited Consolidated Financial Statements, and the accompanying Notes included in our 2022 Annual Form 10-K.

Overview
Heritage Financial Corporation is a bank holding company which primarily engages in the business activities of our wholly-owned financial institution subsidiary, Heritage Bank. We provide financial services to our local communities with an ongoing strategic focus on our commercial banking relationships, market expansion and asset quality. The Company’s business activities generally are limited to passive investment activities and oversight of its investment in the Bank. Accordingly, the information set forth in this report relates primarily to the Bank’s operations.
Our business consists primarily of commercial lending and deposit relationships with small to medium sized businesses and their owners in our market areas and attracting deposits from the general public. We also make real estate construction and land development loans and consumer loans. We additionally originate for sale or for investment purposes residential real estate loans on single family properties located primarily in our markets.
33

Our core profitability depends primarily on our net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income, which is the income that we earn on interest earning assets, comprised primarily of loans and investment securities, and interest expense, which is the amount we pay on our interest bearing liabilities, consisting primarily of deposits and borrowings. Management manages the repricing characteristics of the Company's interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities to protect net interest income from changes in market interest rates and changes in the shape of the yield curve. Like most financial institutions, our net interest income is significantly affected by general and local economic conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates including most recently significant changes as a result of inflation, and by governmental policies and actions of regulatory agencies. Net interest income is additionally affected by changes in the volume and mix of interest earning assets, interest earned on these assets, the volume and mix of interest bearing liabilities and interest paid on these liabilities.
Our net income is affected by many factors, including the provision for credit losses on loans. The provision for credit losses on loans is dependent on changes in the loan portfolio and management’s assessment of the collectability of the loan portfolio as well as prevailing economic and market conditions. Management believes that the ACL on loans reflects the amount that is appropriate to provide for current expected credit losses in our loan portfolio based on our methodology.
Net income is also affected by noninterest income and noninterest expense. Noninterest income primarily consists of service charges and other fees, card revenue and other income. Noninterest expense consists primarily of compensation and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, data processing and professional services. Compensation and employee benefits consist primarily of the salaries and wages paid to our employees, payroll taxes, expenses for retirement and other employee benefits. Occupancy and equipment expenses are the fixed and variable costs of buildings and equipment, and consist primarily of lease expenses, depreciation charges, maintenance and utilities. Data processing consists primarily of processing and network services related to the Bank’s core operating system, including the account processing system, electronic payments processing of products and services, internet and mobile banking channels and software-as-a-service providers. Professional services consist primarily of third-party service providers such as auditors, consultants and lawyers.
Results of operations may also be significantly affected by general and local economic and competitive conditions, changes in accounting, tax, and regulatory rules, governmental policies and actions of regulatory authorities, including changes resulting from inflation and the governmental actions taken to address this issue. Net income is also impacted by growth of operations through organic growth or acquisitions. See also "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."

Recent Developments
Since March 2022, inflationary pressures have resulted in higher costs for consumers and businesses. To address inflation, the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) has taken steps to tighten monetary policy through a cumulative 525 basis point increase to the federal funds rate from March 2022 through September 30, 2023. Management notes that the rapid intervals of rate increases by the Federal Reserve and flattening or inversion of the yield curve, have boosted expectations of the US entering a recession within the next 12 months. Should these ongoing economic pressures persist, we anticipate it could have an impact on the following:
•Loan growth and interest income - If economic activity begins to wane, it may have an impact on our borrowers, the businesses they operate, and their financial condition. Our borrowers may have less demand for credit needed to invest in and expand their businesses, as well as less demand for real estate loans. Such factors would place pressure on the level of interest-earning assets, which may negatively impact our interest income.
•Credit quality - Should there be a decline in economic activity, the markets we serve could experience increases in unemployment, declines in consumer confidence, and a reluctance on the part of businesses to invest in and expand their operations, among other things. Such factors may result in weakened economic conditions, place strain on our borrowers, and ultimately impact the credit quality of our loan portfolio. We expect this could result in increases in the level of past due, nonaccrual, and classified loans, as well as higher net charge-offs. While economic conditions have generally been favorable thus far, notwithstanding higher levels of inflation, there can be no assurance favorable economic conditions will continue. As such, should we experience future deterioration in the credit quality of our loan portfolio, it may contribute to the need for additional provisions for credit losses.
•ACL - The Company is required to record credit losses on certain financial assets in accordance with the CECL model stipulated under ASC 326, which is highly dependent upon expectations of future economic conditions and requires management judgment. Should expectations of future economic conditions deteriorate, the Company may be required to record additional provisions for credit losses.
•Impairment charges - If economic conditions deteriorate, it could adversely impact the Company’s operating results and the value of certain of our assets. As a result, the Company may be required to write-down the value of certain assets such as goodwill, intangible assets, or deferred tax assets when there is evidence to suggest their value has become impaired or will not be realizable at a future date.
•AOCI - Unrealized gains and losses on AFS investment securities are recognized in stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). If economic conditions deteriorate, and/or if the interest rates continue to increase, the valuation of the Company’s AFS investment securities could be negatively impacted, which may lead to increases in other comprehensive loss, decreases to the Company’s stockholders’ equity.
•Deposits and deposit costs - Given the significant rate increases by the FOMC, it is likely that deposit costs will continue to increase and it may become more challenging for the Company to retain and attract deposit relationships.
•Liquidity - Consistent with our prudent, proactive approach to liquidity management, we may take certain actions to further enhance our liquidity, including but not limited to, increasing our FHLB borrowings, and increasing our brokered deposits.
34

Further, recent developments and events in the financial services industry, including the failures of two large U.S. banks in the span of three days during March 2023 and another failure in early May 2023, created industry-wide concerns related to liquidity, deposit outflows, uninsured deposit concentrations and eroding consumer confidence in the banking system. These events have occurred against the backdrop of a rapidly rising interest rate environment which, among other things, has resulted in unrealized losses in longer duration securities and loans held by banks and more competition for bank deposits. While many factors played a role in the ultimate failures, these institutions had significant industry/demographic concentrations within their deposit bases and high ratios of uninsured deposits. Lack of diversity within a deposit base may increase the risk of events or trends that could prompt a larger-scale demand for deposits outflow. Further, concerns over a financial institution's ability to protect deposit balances in excess of the federally insured limit may increase the risk of a deposit run.
Heritage’s business, overall financial condition and depositor profiles differ substantially from the banking institutions that are the focus of the recent bank failures. We consider our deposit base to be seasoned, stable and well-diversified, and we do not have any significant industry concentrations among our non-insured deposits. At September 30, 2023, our average deposit account size, calculated by dividing period-end deposits by the population of accounts with balances, was approximately $52,000. The recent industry events and developments have not had a material impact on our financial condition, operations, customer base, liquidity capital position or risk profile, nor have they required us to make any significant changes to our interest rate risk and asset/liability management policies following a review by our Asset Liability Committee. Nevertheless, in response to these recent developments, we have (1) reviewed our contingent liquidity funding plan, including validating procedures and reviewing execution risks in the event of a sudden critical liquidity event, (2) enhanced communication with our customers by holding a bank-wide training session to provide client-facing personnel with information on FDIC insurance, alternative product offerings, and data demonstrating the financial strength of the Bank, and (3) enhanced our monitoring of deposit flows and liquidity including monitoring of (i) deposits by segment, region and location, (ii) liquidity levels and (iii) transaction volumes to better enable us to detect any potential material changes in our financial condition.
Notwithstanding the above, the continued effects of recent industry events and developments could materially and adversely impact our business or financial condition, including through potential liquidity pressures, reduced net interest margins, and potential increased credit losses. Moreover, these recent events and developments have, and could continue to, adversely impact the market price and volatility of Heritage’s securities. These recent events may also result in changes to laws or regulations governing banks and bank holding companies or result in the impositions of restrictions through supervisory or enforcement activities, including higher capital requirements, which could have a material impact on our business. The cost of resolving the recent failures may prompt the FDIC to increase its premiums above the recently increased levels or to issue additional special assessments. We are generally unable to control the amount of premiums or special assessments that our banking subsidiary may be required to pay for FDIC insurance.
The Company continues to focus on serving its customers and communities, maintaining the well-being of its employees, and executing its strategic initiatives. The Company continues to monitor the economic environment and makes changes as appropriate.

Results of Operations
Net Income Overview
Comparison of the quarter ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable quarter in the prior year
Net income decreased $2.8 million, or 13.2%, to $18.2 million, or $0.51 per diluted common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $21.0 million, or $0.59 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2022.
The decrease in net income was due primarily to a decrease in net interest income of $3.7 million, a decrease in noninterest income of $1.2 million and an increase in noninterest expense of $1.8 million.
The decrease in net income was partially offset by a $2.8 million decrease in provision for credit losses, reflect a $878,000 reversal of provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to a $1.9 million provision for credit losses for the same period in 2022.

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year.
Net income decreased $3.8 million, or 6.4%, to $55.5 million, or $1.57 per diluted common share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $59.3 million, or $1.67 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2022. The decrease was due primarily to an increase in noninterest expense of $13.3 million and a $5.7 million increase in the provision for credit losses reflecting a $2.9 million provision for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to a $2.8 million reversal of provision for credit losses for the same period in 2022. The decrease in net income was partially offset by an increase in net interest income of $15.0 million, or 9.6%.

Net Interest Income and Margin Overview
One of the Company's key sources of earnings is net interest income. There are several factors that affect net interest income, including, but not limited to, the volume, pricing, mix and maturity of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities; the volume of noninterest earning assets, noninterest bearing demand deposits, other noninterest bearing liabilities and stockholders' equity; market interest rate fluctuations; and asset quality.
35

Market rates impact the results of the Company's net interest income, including the significant increases in the federal funds target rate by the Federal Reserve in response to inflation during 2023 and 2022. The following table provides the federal funds target rate history and changes from each period since December 31, 2021:
Change Date Rate (%) Rate Change (%)
December 31, 2021 0.00% - 0.25% N/A
March 17, 2022 0.25% - 0.50% 0.25  %
May 5, 2022 0.75% - 1.00% 0.50  %
June 16, 2022 1.50% - 1.75% 0.75  %
July 28, 2022 2.25% - 2.50% 0.75  %
September 22, 2022 3.00% - 3.25% 0.75  %
November 3, 2022 3.75% - 4.00% 0.75  %
December 15, 2022 4.25% - 4.50% 0.50  %
February 2, 2023 4.50% - 4.75% 0.25  %
March 23, 2023 4.75% - 5.00% 0.25  %
May 4, 2023 5.00% - 5.25% 0.25  %
July 27, 2023 5.25% - 5.50% 0.25  %

Comparison of the quarter ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable quarter in the prior year
The following table provides relevant net interest income information for the periods indicated:
  Three Months Ended September 30,
  2023 2022 Change
 
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate(1)
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
  (Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net (2)(3)
$ 4,201,554  $ 56,119  5.30  % $ 3,859,839  $ 43,847  4.51  % $ 341,715  $ 12,272  0.79  %
Taxable securities 1,931,649  14,590  3.00  1,868,900  12,362  2.62  62,749  2,228  0.38 
Nontaxable securities (3)
60,654  448  2.93  133,022  892  2.66  (72,368) (444) 0.27 
Interest earning deposits 169,186  2,310  5.42  730,600  4,009  2.18  (561,414) (1,699) 3.24 
Total interest earning assets 6,363,043  73,467  4.58  % 6,592,361  61,110  3.68  % (229,318) 12,357  0.90  %
Noninterest earning assets 849,689  775,375  74,314 
Total assets $ 7,212,732  $ 7,367,736  $ (155,004)
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of Deposit $ 553,015  $ 4,585  3.29  % $ 297,786  $ 290  0.39  % $ 255,229  $ 4,295  2.90  %
Savings accounts 523,882  172  0.13  654,697  99  0.06  (130,815) 73  0.07 
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts 2,764,251  7,120  1.02  3,065,007  1,089  0.14  (300,756) 6,031  0.88 
Total interest bearing deposits 3,841,148  11,877  1.23  4,017,490  1,478  0.15  (176,342) 10,399  1.08 
Junior subordinated debentures 21,649  540  9.90  21,356  312  5.80  293  228  4.10 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 31,729  38  0.48  42,959  34  0.31  (11,230) 0.17 
Borrowings 451,032  5,394  4.74  —  —  —  451,032  5,394  4.74 
Total interest bearing liabilities 4,345,558  17,849  1.63  % 4,081,805  1,824  0.18  % 263,753  16,025  1.45  %
Noninterest bearing demand deposits 1,859,374  2,356,688  (497,314)
36

  Three Months Ended September 30,
  2023 2022 Change
 
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate(1)
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
  (Dollars in thousands)
Other noninterest bearing liabilities 186,306  118,191  68,115 
Stockholders’ equity 821,494  811,052  10,442 
Total liabilities and stock-holders’ equity $ 7,212,732  $ 7,367,736  $ (155,004)
Net interest income and spread $ 55,618  2.95  % $ 59,286  3.50  % $ (3,668) (0.55) %
Net interest margin 3.47  % 3.57  % (0.10) %
(1) Average balances are calculated using daily balances. Average yield/rate is annualized.
(2) Average loans receivable, net includes loans held for sale and loans classified as nonaccrual, which carry a zero yield. Interest earned on loans receivable, net includes the amortization of net deferred loan fees of $940,000 and $857,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(3) Yields on tax-exempt loans and securities have not been stated on a tax-equivalent basis.
The following table provides the changes in net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due to changes in average asset and liability balances (volume), changes in average yields/rates (rate) and changes attributable to the combined effect of volume and rates allocated proportionately to the absolute value of changes due to volume and changes due to rates:
  Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes In:
  Volume Yield/Rate Total % Change
  (Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net $ 4,110  $ 8,162  $ 12,272  28.0  %
Taxable securities 426  1,802  2,228  18.0 
Nontaxable securities (527) 83  (444) (49.8)
Interest earning deposits (4,643) 2,944  (1,699) (42.4)
Total interest income $ (634) $ 12,991  $ 12,357  20.2  %
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of deposit $ 441  $ 3,854  $ 4,295  1,481.0  %
Savings accounts (23) 96  73  73.7 
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts (117) 6,148  6,031  553.8 
Total interest bearing deposits 301  10,098  10,399  703.6 
Junior subordinated debentures 224  228  73.1 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase (11) 15  11.8 
Borrowings 5,394  —  5,394  100.0 
Total interest expense $ 5,688  $ 10,337  $ 16,025  878.6  %
Net interest income $ (6,322) $ 2,654  $ (3,668) (6.2) %
Net interest income decreased $3.7 million, or 6.2%, to $55.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to $59.3 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to a $16.0 million increase in total interest expense offset partially by a $12.4 million increase in total interest income.
Total interest expense increased to $17.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $1.8 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to a 108 basis point increase in the cost of interest bearing deposits to 1.23% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to 0.15% for the same period in 2022 due to competitive rate pressures and the addition of interest expense on borrowings during the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to no interest expense on borrowings during the same period in 2022.
Total interest income increased to $73.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $61.1 million for the same period in 2022 primarily due to a 90 basis point increase to the yield on interest earning assets to 4.58% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to 3.68% for the same period in 2022 due to an increase in market interest rates.
Net interest margin decreased ten basis points to 3.47% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 3.57% for the same period in 2022.

37

Comparison of nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year
The following table provides relevant net interest income information for the periods indicated:
  Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2023 2022 Change
 
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate(1)
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average
Balance(1)
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
  (Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net (2)(3)
$ 4,129,429  $ 160,192  5.19  % $ 3,815,387  $ 125,762  4.41  % $ 314,042  $ 34,430  0.78  %
Taxable securities 1,975,818  44,021  2.98  1,532,450  25,972  2.27  443,368  18,049  0.71 
Nontaxable securities (3)
71,702  1,554  2.90  138,904  2,645  2.55  (67,202) (1,091) 0.35 
Interest earning deposits 114,753  4,436  5.17  1,146,183  7,057  0.82  (1,031,430) (2,621) 4.35 
Total interest earning assets 6,291,702  210,203  4.47  % 6,632,924  161,436  3.25  % (341,222) 48,767  1.22  %
Noninterest earning assets 848,035  762,877  85,158 
Total assets $ 7,139,737  $ 7,395,801  $ (256,064)
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of Deposit $ 442,301  $ 8,292  2.51  % $ 318,547  $ 952  0.40  % $ 123,754  $ 7,340  2.11  %
Savings accounts 558,467  471  0.11  651,292  274  0.06  (92,825) 197  0.05 
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts 2,791,695  16,249  0.78  3,066,229  3,089  0.13  (274,534) 13,160  0.65 
Total interest bearing deposits 3,792,463  25,012  0.88  4,036,068  4,315  0.14  (243,605) 20,697  0.74 
Junior subordinated debentures 21,576  1,521  9.43  21,286  745  4.68  290  776  4.75 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 38,187  148  0.52  47,057  98  0.28  (8,870) 50  0.24 
Borrowings 339,296  12,238  4.82  —  —  —  % 339,296  12,238  4.82 
Total interest bearing liabilities 4,191,522  38,919  1.24  % 4,104,411  5,158  0.17  % 87,111  33,761  1.07  %
Noninterest bearing demand deposits 1,942,134  2,355,285  (413,151)
Other noninterest bearing liabilities 186,469  113,534  72,935 
Stockholders’ equity 819,612  822,571  (2,959)
Total liabilities and stock-holders’ equity $ 7,139,737  $ 7,395,801  $ (256,064)
Net interest income and spread $ 171,284  3.23  % $ 156,278  3.08  % $ 15,006  0.15  %
Net interest margin 3.64  % 3.15  % 0.49  %
(1) Average balances are calculated using daily balances. Average yield/rate is annualized.
(2) Average loans receivable, net includes loans held for sale and loans classified as nonaccrual, which carry a zero yield. Interest earned on loans receivable, net includes the amortization of net deferred loan fees of $2.4 million and $6.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(3) Yields on tax-exempt loans and securities have not been stated on a tax-equivalent basis.
The following table provides the changes in net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due to changes in average asset and liability balances (volume), changes in average yields/rates (rate) and changes attributable to the combined effect of volume and rates allocated proportionately to the absolute value of changes due to volume and changes due to rates:
  Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes In:
  Volume Yield/Rate Total % Change
  (Dollars in thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans receivable, net $ 10,932  $ 23,498  $ 34,430  27.4  %
Taxable securities 8,646  9,403  18,049  69.5 
Nontaxable securities (1,417) 326  (1,091) (41.2)
Interest earning deposits (11,234) 8,613  (2,621) (37.1)
Total interest income $ 6,927  $ 41,840  $ 48,767  30.2  %
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Certificates of deposit $ 504  $ 6,836  $ 7,340  771.0  %
38

  Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes In:
  Volume Yield/Rate Total % Change
  (Dollars in thousands)
Savings accounts (44) 241  197  71.9 
Interest bearing demand and money market accounts (301) 13,461  13,160  426.0 
Total interest bearing deposits 159  20,538  20,697  479.7 
Junior subordinated debentures 10  766  776  104.2 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase (21) 71  50  51.0 
Borrowings 12,238  —  12,238  100.0 
Total interest expense $ 12,386  $ 21,375  $ 33,761  654.5  %
Net interest income $ (5,459) $ 20,465  $ 15,006  9.6  %
Net interest income increased $15.0 million, or 9.6%, to $171.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to $156.3 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase in total interest income offset partially by an increase in total interest expense.
Total interest income increased $48.8 million, or 30.2%, to $210.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $161.4 million for the same period in 2022. The increase was the result of a 122 basis point increase on the yield on interest earning assets to 4.47% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to 3.25% for the same period in 2022, due to an increase in market interest rates as well as change in the mix of total interest earning assets into higher yielding assets.
Total interest expense increased $33.8 million, or 654.5%, to $38.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $5.2 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to a 74 basis point increase in cost of interest bearing deposits to 0.88% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to 0.14% for the same period in 2022, due to competitive rate pressures as well as the addition of interest expense on borrowings during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to no interest expense on borrowings during the same period in 2022.
Net interest margin increased 49 basis points to 3.64% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 3.15% for the same period in 2022.

Provision for Credit Losses Overview
The aggregate of the provision for credit losses on loans and the provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments is presented on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as the (reversal of) provision for credit losses. The ACL on unfunded commitments is included on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition within accrued expenses and other liabilities.
Comparison of the quarter ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable quarter in the prior year
The following table presents the (reversal of) provision for credit losses for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses on loans $ (635) $ 1,919  $ (2,554) 133.1  %
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments
(243) 26  (269) 1034.6 
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses $ (878) $ 1,945  $ (2,823) 145.1  %
The provision for credit losses on loans reflects the amount required to maintain the ACL on loans at an appropriate level based upon management’s evaluation of the adequacy of collective and individual loss reserves. The reversal of provision for credit losses on loans was $635,000 during the three months ended September 30, 2023 due primarily to net recoveries of $1.2 million primarily due to the payoff of a nonaccrual loan. Future assessments of the expected credit losses will not only be impacted by changes in the composition of and amount of loans and to the reasonable and supportable forecast, but will also include an updated assessment of qualitative factors, as well as consideration of any required changes in the reasonable and supportable forecast reversion period. The reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2023 was due primarily to an increase in loan utilization rates in commercial and industrial loans which reduced the unfunded exposure.
The $1.9 million provision for credit losses on loans recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2022 was due primarily to growth in loans receivable offset partially by a reduction to the ACL on loans individually evaluated for losses.
39


Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year
The following table presents the provision for (reversal of) credit losses for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans $ 3,066  $ (1,252) $ 4,318  (344.9) %
Reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments
(210) (1,584) 1,374  (86.7)
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses $ 2,856  $ (2,836) $ 5,692  (200.7) %
The $3.1 million provision for credit losses on loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was due primarily to an increase in loans receivable as well as a change in mix of loans offset partially by net recoveries of 895,000. The $210,000 reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was due primarily to an increase in loan utilization rates in commercial and industrial loans which reduced the unfunded exposure.
The $1.3 million reversal of provision for credit losses on loans recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was due primarily to a reduction of loans individually evaluated for losses and their related ACL. The $1.6 million reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was due primarily to higher loan utilization rates.

Noninterest Income Overview
Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year
The following table presents the change in the key components of noninterest income for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges and other fees $ 2,856  $ 2,688  $ 168  6.3  %
Card revenue 2,273  2,365  (92) (3.9)
Loss on sale of investment securities, net
(1,940) —  (1,940) 100.0 
Gain on sale of loans, net 157  133  24  18.0 
Interest rate swap fees 62  78  (16) (20.5)
Bank owned life insurance income 734  723  11  1.5 
Gain on sale of other assets, net —  265  (265) (100.0)
Other income 2,129  1,201  928  77.3 
Total noninterest income $ 6,271  $ 7,453  $ (1,182) (15.9) %
Noninterest income decreased $1.2 million, or 15.9%, during the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to a $1.9 million loss on sale of investment securities available for sale partially offset by a $610,000 gain on sale of the Ellensburg branch and related deposits included in other income.

Comparison of nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year
The following table presents the change in the key components of noninterest income for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges and other fees $ 8,162  $ 7,739  $ 423  5.5  %
Card revenue 6,396  6,774  (378) (5.6)
Loss on sale of investment securities, net (2,226) —  (2,226) (100.0)
Gain on sale of loans, net 307  593  (286) (48.2)
40

Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swap fees 230  383  (153) (39.9)
Bank owned life insurance income 2,280  3,182  (902) (28.3)
Gain on sale of other assets, net 469  (467) (99.6)
Other income 6,659  3,867  2,792  72.2 
Total noninterest income $ 21,810  $ 23,007  $ (1,197) (5.2) %
Noninterest income decreased $1.2 million, or 5.2%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. A loss on sale of investment securities of $2.2 million was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as a result of the sale of $67.9 million of investment securities available for sale. Other income increased due primarily to a one-time $1.6 million gain on sale of Visa Inc. Class B common stock recognized and a $610,000 gain on sale of the Ellensburg branch and related deposits during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Bank owned life insurance income decreased due primarily to a $1.0 million death benefit recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Noninterest Expense Overview
Comparison of three months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year
The following table presents changes in the key components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits $ 25,008  $ 24,206  $ 802  3.3  %
Occupancy and equipment 4,814  4,422  392  8.9 
Data processing 4,366  4,185  181  4.3 
Marketing 389  358  31  8.7 
Professional services 582  639  (57) (8.9)
State/municipal business and use tax 1,088  963  125  13.0 
Federal deposit insurance premium 818  500  318  63.6 
Amortization of intangible assets 595  671  (76) (11.3)
Other expense 3,310  3,203  107  3.3 
Total noninterest expense $ 40,970  $ 39,147  $ 1,823  4.7  %
Noninterest expense increased $1.8 million, or 4.7%, during the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase in compensation and employee benefits resulting from an increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees including the addition of commercial and relationship banking teams in 2023 and an increase in salaries and wages due to annual salary increases. Occupancy and equipment expense increased due to our recent expansion into Eugene, Oregon and Boise, Idaho. Data processing costs increased due primarily to the expansion of digital services including the addition of the ability to open consumer deposit accounts online. Federal deposit insurance premiums increased due to the increase in the assessment rate starting in January 2023.

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year
The following table presents changes in the key components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits $ 75,325  $ 67,236  $ 8,089  12.0  %
Occupancy and equipment 14,372  12,924  1,448  11.2 
Data processing 13,208  12,431  777  6.3 
Marketing 1,232  968  264  27.3 
41

Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Professional services 1,961  1,867  94  5.0 
State/municipal business and use tax 3,150  2,626  524  20.0 
Federal deposit insurance premium 2,465  1,525  940  61.6 
Amortization of intangible assets 1,841  2,079  (238) (11.4)
Other expense 10,346  8,918  1,428  16.0 
Total noninterest expense $ 123,900  $ 110,574  $ 13,326  12.1  %
Noninterest expense increased $13.3 million, or 12.1%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to an increase in compensation and employee benefits resulting from a 5.9% increase in the average number of full-time equivalent employees including the addition of commercial and relationship banking teams in 2023 and an increase in salaries and wages due to annual salary increases. Occupancy and equipment expense increased due to our recent expansion into Eugene, Oregon and Boise, Idaho. Data processing costs increased due primarily to the expansion of digital services including the addition of the ability to open consumer deposit accounts online. Federal deposit insurance premiums increased due to the increase in the assessment rate starting in January 2023. Other expense increased due to an increase in customer deposit loss expense and employee related expenses, which included additional expenses related to calling efforts for the newly added teams, as well as a general increase in operating costs.

Income Tax Expense Overview
Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year
The following table presents the income tax expense, related metrics and their changes for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes $ 21,797  $ 25,647  $ (3,850) (15.0) %
Income tax expense $ 3,578  $ 4,657  $ (1,079) (23.2) %
Effective income tax rate 16.4  % 18.2  % (1.8) % (9.9) %
Income tax expense and the effective income tax rate both decreased due primarily to lower estimated pre-tax income which increased the impact of favorable permanent tax items such as tax-exempt investments, investments in bank owned life insurance and investments in low-income housing tax credits during the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the comparable period in the prior year.
The following table presents the income tax expense and related metrics and the change for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022 Change % Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes $ 66,338  $ 71,547  $ (5,209) (7.3) %
Income tax expense $ 10,816  $ 12,216  $ (1,400) (11.5) %
Effective income tax rate 16.3  % 17.1  % (0.8) % (4.7) %
Income tax expense and the effective income rate both decreased due primarily to lower estimated pre-tax income during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 which increased the impact of favorable permanent tax items such as tax-exempt investments, investments in bank owned life insurance and investments in low-income housing tax credits.

42

Financial Condition Overview
The table below provides a comparison of the changes in the Company's financial condition at the periods indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
$ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 220,503  $ 103,590  $ 116,913  112.9  %
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value, net 1,147,547  1,331,443  (183,896) (13.8)
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net
746,845  766,396  (19,551) (2.6)
Loans held for sale 263  —  263  100.0 
Loans receivable, net 4,219,911  4,007,872  212,039  5.3 
Premises and equipment, net 76,436  76,930  (494) (0.6)
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost 8,373  8,916  (543) (6.1)
Bank owned life insurance 123,639  122,059  1,580  1.3 
Accrued interest receivable 18,794  18,547  247  1.3 
Prepaid expenses and other assets 341,952  296,181  45,771  15.5 
Other intangible assets, net 5,386  7,227  (1,841) (25.5)
Goodwill 240,939  240,939  —  — 
Total assets $ 7,150,588  $ 6,980,100  $ 170,488  2.4  %
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Deposits $ 5,635,187  $ 5,907,420  $ (272,233) (4.6) %
Deposits held for sale —  17,420  (17,420) (100.0)
Total deposits 5,635,187  5,924,840  (289,653) (4.9)
Borrowings 450,000  —  450,000  100.0 
Junior subordinated debentures 21,692  21,473  219  1.0 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase 23,158  46,597  (23,439) (50.3)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 207,005  189,297  17,708  9.4 
Total liabilities 6,337,042  6,182,207  154,835  2.5 
Common stock 548,652  552,397  (3,745) (0.7)
Retained earnings 377,522  345,346  32,176  9.3 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net (112,628) (99,850) (12,778) (12.8)
Total stockholders' equity 813,546  797,893  15,653  2.0 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 7,150,588  $ 6,980,100  $ 170,488  2.4  %
Total assets increased due primarily to an increase in loans receivable, net due to loan growth and an increase in cash and cash equivalents, offset partially by a decrease in investment securities. Total liabilities and stockholders' equity increased due primarily to an increase in borrowings offset partially by a decrease in deposits.

Investment Activities Overview
Our investment policy is established by the Company's Board of Directors and monitored by the Risk Committee of the Board of Directors. It is designed primarily to provide and maintain liquidity, generate a favorable return on investments without incurring undue interest rate and credit risk, and complements the Company's lending activities. The policy permits investment in various types of liquid assets permissible under applicable regulations. Investments in non-investment grade bonds and stripped mortgage-backed securities are not permitted under the policy.
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The following table provides information regarding our investment securities at the dates indicated:
  September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
  Balance % of
Total
Balance % of
Total
$ %
  (Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 20,424  1.1  % $ 63,859  3.0  % $ (43,435) (68.0) %
Municipal securities 106,805  5.6  153,026  7.3  (46,221) (30.2)
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
401,181  21.2  424,386  20.2  (23,205) (5.5)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
597,213  31.5  664,421  31.8  (67,208) (10.1)
Corporate obligations 3,780  0.2  3,834  0.2  (54) (1.4)
Other asset-backed securities 18,144  1.0  21,917  1.0  (3,773) (17.2)
Total $ 1,147,547  60.6  % $ 1,331,443  63.5  % $ (183,896) (13.8) %
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost:
U.S. government and agency securities $ 151,040  8.0  % $ 150,936  7.2  % $ 104  0.07  %
Residential CMO and MBS(1)
273,609  14.4  290,318  13.8  (16,709) (5.8)
Commercial CMO and MBS(1)
322,196  17.0  325,142  15.5  (2,946) (0.9)
Total $ 746,845  39.4  % $ 766,396  36.5  % $ (19,551) (2.6) %
Total investment securities $ 1,894,392  100.0  % $ 2,097,839  100.0  % $ (203,447) (9.7) %
(1) U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise CMO and MBS obligations.
Total investment securities decreased $203.4 million, or 9.7%, to $1.89 billion at September 30, 2023 from $2.10 billion at December 31, 2022 due primarily to maturities and prepayments of $154.0 million and sales of $67.9 million, partially offset by purchases of $37.7 million.

Loan Portfolio Overview
Changes by loan type
The Company originates a wide variety of loans with a focus on commercial business loans. In addition to originating loans, the Company may also acquire loans through pool purchases, participation purchases and syndicated loan purchases. The following table provides information about our loan portfolio by type of loan at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
Amortized Cost % of Loans Receivable Amortized Cost % of Loans Receivable $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business:
Commercial and industrial $ 691,318  16.2  % $ 693,568  17.1  % $ (2,250) (0.3) %
Owner-occupied CRE 953,779  22.4  937,040  23.1  16,739  1.8 
Non-owner occupied CRE 1,690,099  39.5  1,586,632  39.2  103,467  6.5 
Total commercial business 3,335,196  78.1  3,217,240  79.4  117,956  3.7 
Residential real estate
377,448  8.8  343,631  8.5  33,817  9.8 
Real estate construction and land development:
Residential
70,804  1.7  80,074  2.0  (9,270) (11.6)
Commercial and multifamily
310,024  7.3  214,038  5.3  95,986  44.8 
Total real estate construction and land development 380,828  9.0  294,112  7.3  86,716  29.5 
Consumer 173,386  4.1  195,875  4.8  (22,489) (11.5)
Total $ 4,266,858  100.0  % $ 4,050,858  100.0  % $ 216,000  5.3  %
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Loans receivable increased $216.0 million, or 5.3%, to $4.27 billion at September 30, 2023 from $4.05 billion at December 31, 2022 primarily due to new loan growth. New loans funded during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $370.2 million.
Owner-occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE loans increased by $120.2 million to $2.64 billion at September 30, 2023, compared to $2.52 billion at December 31, 2022. The following table provides information about owner occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE loans by collateral type at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
Amortized Cost % of CRE Loans Amortized Cost % of CRE Loans $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Owner occupied and non-owner occupied CRE loans by collateral type:
Office $ 566,916  21.4  % $ 579,762  22.9  % $ (12,846) (2.2) %
Industrial 415,243  15.7  366,947  14.6  48,296  13.2 
Retail store / shopping center 287,746  10.9  291,799  11.6  (4,053) (1.4)
Multi-family 286,091  10.8  256,661  10.2  29,430  11.5 
Mini-storage 158,475  6.0  148,580  5.9  9,895  6.7 
Mixed use property 152,979  5.8  154,793  6.1  (1,814) (1.2)
Warehouse 152,055  5.8  147,443  5.8  4,612  3.1 
Motel / hotel 141,731  5.4  129,352  5.1  12,379  9.6 
Single purpose 122,819  4.6  112,924  4.5  9,895  8.8 
Recreational / school 68,469  2.6  70,565  2.8  (2,096) (3.0)
Other 291,354  11.0  264,846  10.5  26,508  10.0 
Total $ 2,643,878  100.0  % $ 2,523,672  100.0  % $ 120,206  4.8  %
Office loans represented the largest segment of owner-occupied and non-owner occupied CRE loans totaling $566.9 million, or 21.4% of the total owner-occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE, at September 30, 2023. Of this total, $283.7 million, or 50.0%, were owner-occupied CRE loans. Owner-occupied CRE loans have a lower risk profile as there is less tenant rollover risk and generally have guarantees from the company occupying the space as well as the owners of the company. The average loan balance of owner-occupied CRE and non-owner occupied CRE was $1.2 million at September 30, 2023.
Commercial and multifamily construction loans increased $96.0 million or 44.8% due to new loan originations and advances on outstanding loans. New commitments for commercial and multifamily construction loans were $209.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
Consumer loans decreased $22.5 million primarily due to a $33.1 million decline in indirect loans outstanding as the Bank ceased originating indirect auto loan originations in 2020.
Loans classified as nonaccrual and performing modified loans and nonperforming assets
The following table provides information about our nonaccrual loans, performing modified loans and nonperforming assets for the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
$ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual loans: (1)
Commercial business $ 3,065  $ 5,869  $ (2,804) (47.8) %
Real estate construction and land development —  37  (37) (100.0)
Total nonaccrual loans 3,065  5,906  (2,841) (48.1)
Other real estate owned —  —  —  — 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more $ 2,158  $ 1,615  $ 543  33.6  %
Total nonperforming assets $ 5,223  $ 7,521  $ (2,298) (30.6) %
Credit quality ratios:
Nonaccrual loans to loans receivable 0.07  % 0.15  % (0.08) % (53.3) %
Nonperforming loans to loans receivable 0.12  0.19  (0.07) (36.8)
Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.07  0.11  (0.04) (36.4)
45

September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
$ %
Modified loans:(2)
Commercial business $ 9,471 
Real estate construction and land development 3,452 
Consumer 45 
Total performing modified loans $ 12,968 
(1) At both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $1.5 million of nonaccrual loans, were guaranteed by government agencies.
(2) The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 on a prospective basis January 1, 2023.
The following table provides the changes in nonaccrual loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period $ 5,906 
Additions 908 
Net principal payments, sales and transfers to accruing status (1,175)
Payoffs (2,574)
Balance, end of period $ 3,065 
Nonaccrual loans decreased $2.8 million, or 48.1%, due primarily to ongoing collection efforts including the payoff of a commercial business loan for $1.6 million which also included a recovery of $1.1 million recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Overview
The following table provides information regarding our ACL on loans for the periods indicated:
At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Change
2023 2022 $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
ACL on loans at the end of period $ 46,947  $ 42,089  $ 4,858  11.5  %
Credit quality ratios:
ACL on loans to loans receivable 1.10  % 1.05  % 0.05  4.8 
ACL on loans to nonaccrual loans 1,531.71  675.15  856.56  126.9 
Net recoveries
$ (895) $ (980) $ 85  (8.7)
Average balance of loans receivable, net during the period(1)
4,129,429  3,815,387  314,042  8.2 
Net recoveries on loans to average loans receivable, net(2)
(0.03) % (0.03) % —  % —  %
(1) Average balance of loans receivable, net includes loans held for sale.
(2) Annualized.
The ACL on loans increased $4.0 million, or 9.2%, to $46.9 million at September 30, 2023 from $43.0 million at December 31, 2022 due primarily to an increase in loans receivable, net as well as a change in mix of loans.
The following table presents the ACL on loans by loan portfolio segment at the indicated dates:
  September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
  ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to
Total Loans
ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to
Total Loans
  (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial business $ 31,105  0.93  % 78.1  % $ 30,718  0.95  % 79.4  %
Residential real estate 3,549  0.94  8.8  2,872  0.84  8.5 
Real estate construction and land development 9,959  2.62  9.0  7,063  2.40  7.3 
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  September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
  ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to
Total Loans
ACL on Loans ACL as a % of Loans in Loan Category % of Loans in Loan Category to
Total Loans
  (Dollars in thousands)
Consumer 2,334  1.35  4.1  2,333  1.19  4.8 
Total ACL on loans $ 46,947  1.10  % 100.0  % $ 42,986  1.06  % 100.0  %

Deposits Overview
The following table summarizes the Company's deposits at the dates indicated:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change
Balance (1)
% of Total Deposits
Balance (1)
% of Total Deposits $ %
(Dollars in thousands)
Noninterest demand deposits $ 1,789,293  31.7  % $ 2,099,464  35.5  % $ (310,171) (14.8) %
Interest bearing demand deposits 1,630,007  28.9  1,830,727  30.9  (200,720) (11.0)
Money market accounts 1,081,253  19.2  1,063,243  17.9  18,010  1.7 
Savings accounts 506,028  9.0  623,833  10.5  (117,805) (18.9)
Total non-maturity deposits 5,006,581  88.8  5,617,267  94.8  (610,686) (10.9)
Certificates of deposit 628,606  11.2  307,573  5.2  321,033  104.4 
Total deposits $ 5,635,187  100.0  % $ 5,924,840  100.0  % $ (289,653) (4.9) %
(1) Deposit balances at December 31, 2022 include deposits held for sale of $17.4 million, respectively.
Total deposits decreased $289.7 million, or 4.9%, to $5.64 billion at September 30, 2023, compared to $5.92 billion at December 31, 2022 due primarily to an overall reduction in market liquidity, as well as interest rate sensitive clients moving a portion of their non-operating deposits to higher yielding accounts. Certificate of deposits increased due to increasing rates which, attracted customers to this deposit type as well as the addition of $107.5 million in brokered deposits.
The Bank entered into a purchase and sale agreement with a third party to sell and transfer certain assets, deposits and other liabilities of its branch in Ellensburg, WA in September 2022. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, $13.8 million in deposits were sold as part of the closing of the Ellensburg branch sale, which included $13.6 million of non-maturity deposits. At December 31, 2022, $17.4 million in deposits were classified as held for sale.

Borrowings Overview
The FHLB functions as a member-owned cooperative providing credit for member financial institutions. Advances are made pursuant to several different programs. Each credit program has its own interest rate and range of maturities. Limitations on the amount of advances are based on a percentage of the Bank's assets or on the FHLB’s assessment of the institution’s creditworthiness. At September 30, 2023, the Bank maintained a credit facility with the FHLB with available borrowing capacity of $1.20 billion. The Bank had no FHLB advances outstanding at both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Advances from the FHLB may be collateralized by FHLB stock owned by the Bank, deposits at the FHLB, certain commercial and residential real estate loans, investment securities or other assets.
The Bank maintains a credit facility with the FRB through both the Discount Window and BTFP with available borrowing capacity of $823.1 million as of September 30, 2023. The Bank had $450.0 million in BTFP borrowings outstanding at September 30, 2023. The BTFP offers loans of up to one year in length to institutions pledging eligible investment securities. The advance rate on the collateral is at par value. The average rate on borrowings from the BTFP was 4.74%. The Bank had no FRB borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2022. All advances are secured by investment securities.
The Company utilizes securities sold under agreement to repurchase with one day maturities as a supplement to funding sources. Securities sold under agreement to repurchase are secured by pledged investment securities. Under the securities sold under agreement to repurchase, the Company is required to maintain an aggregate market value of securities pledged greater than the balance of the securities sold under agreement to repurchase. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $23.2 million and $46.6 million, respectively.
In addition to funds obtained in the ordinary course of business, the Company assumed trust preferred securities and junior subordinated debentures as part of a prior acquisition. For regulatory capital purposes, the trust preferred securities are included in Tier 2 capital. The junior subordinated debentures outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $21.7 million and $21.5 million, respectively, net of unaccreted discount.
47

The Bank maintains available unsecured federal funds lines with five correspondent banks totaling $145.0 million, with no outstanding borrowings at September 30, 2023.

Stockholders' Equity Overview
The Company’s stockholders' equity to assets ratio was 11.4% at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Total stockholders' equity increased $15.7 million, or 2.0%, to $813.5 million at September 30, 2023 from $797.9 million at December 31, 2022. The increase was due primarily to $55.5 million in net income recognized, offset partially by $23.3 million in cash dividends declared, an increase of $12.8 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a result of declining fair values of investment securities available for sale, and $6.9 million for the repurchase of the Company's common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
The Company has historically paid cash dividends to its common shareholders. Payments of future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors after taking into account various factors, including our business, operating results and financial condition, capital requirements, current and anticipated cash needs, plans for expansion, any legal or contractual limitation on our ability to pay dividends and other relevant factors. Dividends on common stock from the Company depend substantially upon receipt of dividends from the Bank, which is the Company’s predominant source of income. On October 18, 2023, the Company’s board of directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.22 per common share payable on November 15, 2023 to shareholders of record on November 1, 2023.

Regulatory Requirements Overview
The Company is a bank holding company under the supervision of the Federal Reserve Bank. Bank holding companies are subject to capital adequacy requirements of the Federal Reserve under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and the regulations of the Federal Reserve. The Bank is a federally insured institution and thereby is subject to the capital requirements established by the FDIC. The Federal Reserve capital requirements generally parallel the FDIC requirements. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Additionally, the Company and the Bank are required to maintain a capital conservation buffer of common equity Tier 1 capital above 2.5% to avoid restrictions on certain activities including payment of dividends, stock repurchases and discretionary bonuses to executive officers. Management believes that as of September 30, 2023, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as well-capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank's categories. The following table presents the actual capital ratios of the Company and the Bank at the periods indicated:
  Company Bank
  September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio 12.9  % 12.8  % 12.9  % 12.9  %
Leverage ratio 9.9  9.7  9.7  9.4 
Tier 1 capital ratio 13.3  13.2  12.9  12.9 
Total capital ratio 14.1  14.0  13.8  13.7 
Capital conservation buffer 6.1  6.0  5.8  5.7 
As of both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the capital measures reflect the revised CECL capital transition provisions adopted by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC that allowed the Bank the option to delay for two years until December 31, 2021 an estimate of CECL’s effect on regulatory capital, relative to the incurred loss methodology’s effect on regulatory capital, followed by a three-year transition period.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
We maintain sufficient cash and cash equivalents and investment securities to meet short-term liquidity needs and actively monitor our long-term liquidity position to ensure the availability of capital resources for contractual obligations, strategic loan growth objectives and to fund operations. Our funding strategy has been to acquire non-maturity deposits from our retail accounts, and noninterest bearing demand deposits from our commercial customers and to use our borrowing availability to fund growth in assets. Our liquidity policy permits the purchase of brokered deposits in an amount not to exceed 15% of the Bank's total deposits as a secondary source for funding. At September 30, 2023, we had $107.5 million in brokered deposits, which constituted 1.91% of total deposits. Borrowings may be used on a short-term basis to compensate for reductions in other sources of funds (such as deposit inflows at less than projected levels). Borrowings may also be used on a longer-term basis to support expanded lending activities and match the maturity of repricing intervals of assets. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans are a predictable source of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by the level of interest rates, economic conditions and competition so we adhere to internal management targets assigned to the loan to deposit ratio, liquidity ratio, net short-term non-core funding ratio and non-core liabilities to total assets ratio to ensure an appropriate liquidity position.
48

The Company regularly monitors liquidity, models liquidity stress scenarios to ensure that adequate liquidity is available, and has contingency funding plans in place, which are reviewed and tested on a regular, recurring basis.
The following table summarizes the Company's available liquidity as of the dates indicated:
September 30,
2023
December 31
2022
(Dollars in thousands)
FRB borrowing availability $ 823,117  $ 46,827 
FHLB borrowing availability(1)
1,202,172  1,226,234 
Unencumbered investment securities available for sale(2)
779,871  1,323,947 
Cash and cash equivalents 220,503  103,590 
Fed funds line borrowing availability with correspondent banks 145,000  215,000 
Total sources of liquidity 3,170,663  2,915,598 
Less: Borrowings outstanding (450,000) — 
Total available liquidity
$ 2,720,663  $ 2,915,598 
(1) Includes FHLB borrowing availability of $1.20 billion at September 30, 2023 based on pledged assets, however, maximum credit capacity is 45% of the Bank's total assets one quarter in arrears or $3.10 billion.
(2) Investment securities available for sale at fair value.
Management believes the capital sources are adequate to meet all reasonably foreseeable short-term and long-term cash requirements and there has not been a material change in our capital resources since the information disclosed in our 2022 Annual Form 10-K. We are not aware of any reasonably likely material changes in the mix and relative cost of such resources.

Critical Accounting Estimates
Our critical accounting estimates are described in detail in the "Critical Accounting Estimates" section within Item 7 of our 2022 Annual Form the Form 10-K. The SEC defines "critical accounting estimates" as those that require application of management's most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in future periods. The Company's critical accounting estimates include estimates of the ACL on loans, the ACL on unfunded commitments and goodwill. There have been no material changes in these estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

ITEM 3.     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk represents the risk of loss due to changes in market values of assets and liabilities. We incur market risk in the normal course of business through our exposure to market interest rates, equity prices and credit spreads. Our primary market risk is interest rate risk, which is the risk of loss of net interest income or net interest margin resulting from changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk results primarily from the traditional banking activities in which the Bank engages, such as gathering deposits and extending loans. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates and consumer preferences, affect the difference between the interest earned on our assets and the interest paid on our liabilities. Management regularly reviews our exposure to changes in interest rates. Among the factors considered are changes in the mix of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, interest rate spreads and repricing periods. The risk committee of the Board of Directors oversees market risk management, including the monitoring of risk measures and limits and policy guidelines, for the amount of interest rate risk and its effect on net interest income and capital.
Neither we, nor the Bank, maintain a trading account for any class of financial instrument, nor do we, or the Bank, engage in hedging activities or purchase high risk derivative instruments. Moreover, neither we, nor the Bank, are subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk or commodity price risk.
Net interest income simulation
An income simulation model is the primary tool we use to assess the direction and magnitude of changes in net interest income resulting from changes in interest rates. Modeling the sensitivity of net interest income is highly dependent on numerous assumptions incorporated into the modeling process. Key assumptions in the model include prepayment speeds on loans and investment securities, repricing betas on non-maturity deposits, and pricing on investment securities, loans, and borrowings. In order to measure the interest rate risk sensitivity, this simulation model uses a “no balance sheet growth” assumption and assumes an instantaneous and sustained uniform change in market interest rates at all maturities. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the net interest income projections should be viewed as an estimate of the net interest income sensitivity at the time of the analysis. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes and changes in market conditions and management strategies, among other factors.
49

Based on the results of the simulation model, the following table presents the change in our net interest income as a result of parallel rate shock scenarios for the presented periods after the dates shown:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Amount % Change in Net Interest Income Amount % Change in Net Interest Income
(Dollars in thousands)
Modeled increase in market interest rates of 100 basis points
Increase in net interest income in Year 1 $ 2,420  1.1  % $ 5,113  2.0  %
Increase in net interest income in Year 2 4,104  1.6  11,147  4.1 
Modeled increase in market interest rates of 200 basis points
Increase in net interest income in Year 1 3,184  1.4  8,181  3.2 
Increase in net interest income in Year 2 6,266  2.4  19,889  7.3 
Modeled decrease in market interest rates of 100 basis points
Increase (decrease) in net interest income in Year 1 3,125  1.4  (5,433) (2.1)
Decrease in net interest income in Year 2 318  0.1  (10,534) (3.9)
Modeled decrease in market interest rates of 200 basis points
Increase (decrease) in net interest income in Year 1 2,812  1.2  (16,840) (6.6)
Decrease in net interest income in Year 2 $ (4,113) (1.6) % $ (29,942) (11.0) %
These scenarios are based on market interest rates as of the last day of a reporting period published by independent sources that are actively traded in the open market. The simulations used to manage market risk are based on numerous assumptions regarding the effect of changes in interest rates on the timing and extent of reprice characteristics, future cash flows and customer behavior. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and actual results will differ, as a result, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest income or precisely predict the impact of higher or lower net interest income.

ITEM 4.     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Section 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”)) was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and the Company’s Disclosure Committee as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on their evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2023 were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Act was (i) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Act) that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.    OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Neither the Company nor the Bank is a party to any material pending legal proceedings other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business of the Bank.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in Item 1A of the Company’s 2022 Annual Form 10-K.

ITEM 2.     UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
(a) Not applicable.
(b) Not applicable.
50

(c) Repurchase Plans
The following table provides information about repurchases of common stock by the Company during the three months ended September 30, 2023:
Period
Total Number 
of Shares 
Purchased (1)
Average Price
Paid Per 
Share (1)
Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs
Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs (2)
July 1, 2023—July 31, 2023 —  $ —  10,169,168  455,909 
August 1, 2023— August 31, 2023 —  —  10,169,168  455,909 
September 1, 2023—September 30, 2023 148,454  17.08  10,317,287  307,790 
Total 148,454  $ 17.08 
(1)Of the common shares repurchased by the Company between July 1, 2023 and September 30, 2023, a total of 335 shares represented the cancellation of stock to pay withholding taxes on vested restricted stock units and were not repurchased pursuant to the publicly announced stock repurchase program.
(2)On March 12, 2020 the Company's Board of Directors announced the repurchase of up to 5% of the Company's outstanding common shares, or 1,799,054 shares, under the twelfth stock repurchase plan. The repurchase program does not have a set expiration date and will expire upon repurchase of the full amount of authorized shares, unless terminated sooner by the board of directors. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time by the Company’s board of directors.

ITEM 3.     DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None

ITEM 4.     MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION
(a) None
(b) None
(c) During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no Rule 10b5‑1 trading arrangements (as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K) or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K) adopted or terminated by any director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a‑1(f) under the Exchange Act) of the Company.

ITEM 6.     EXHIBITS
Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No.
Description of Exhibit Form Exhibit Filing Date/Period End Date
10.1* DEF 14A 4.4 03/22/2023
10.2* S-8 4.5 05/08/23
10.3* S-8 4.6 05/08/23
31.1
31.2
32.1
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document (1)
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (1)
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (1)
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (1)
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document (1)
51

Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No.
Description of Exhibit Form Exhibit Filing Date/Period End Date
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (1)
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
* Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
(1) Filed herewith.

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
HERITAGE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Date:
November 8, 2023 /S/ JEFFREY J. DEUEL
Jeffrey J. Deuel
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:
November 8, 2023 /S/ DONALD J. HINSON
Donald J. Hinson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
52
EX-31.1 2 ex-311q323.htm EX-31.1 Document

EXHIBIT 31.1
Certification of Principal Executive Officer
I, Jeffrey J. Deuel, certify that:
1.    I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Heritage Financial Corporation;
2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of and for the periods presented in this report;
4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.    designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.    designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.    evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.    disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.    all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.    any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
November 8, 2023

/s/ Jeffrey J. Deuel
Jeffrey J. Deuel
Chief Executive Officer
Principal Executive Officer


EX-31.2 3 ex-312q323.htm EX-31.2 Document

EXHIBIT 31.2
Certification of Principal Financial Officer
I, Donald J. Hinson, certify that:
1.    I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Heritage Financial Corporation;
2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of and for the periods presented in this report;
4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.    designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.    designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.    evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.    disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.    all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.    any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
November 8, 2023
/s/ Donald J. Hinson
Donald J. Hinson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Principal Financial and Accounting Officer


EX-32.1 4 ex-321q323.htm EX-32.1 Document

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

    In connection with the quarterly report of Heritage Financial Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, Jeffrey J. Deuel, Chief Executive Officer, and Donald J. Hinson, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify in our capacity as officers of the Company, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods presented in the financial statements included in such Report.
    
November 8, 2023
/s/ Jeffrey J. Deuel
Jeffrey J. Deuel
Chief Executive Officer
Principal Executive Officer
November 8, 2023
/s/ Donald J. Hinson
Donald J. Hinson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Principal Financial and Accounting Officer