UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

(Mark One)

 ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

OR

 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

Commission File Number 001-37383

 

Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

 

 

Delaware	81-0571538
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5950 Sherry Lane, Suite 215 Dallas, TX	75225
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(214) 974-8921

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common	RKDA	NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES  NO 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. YES  NO 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES  NO 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). YES  NO 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES  NO 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of June 30, 2023, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was approximately $4,169,072 (based on the closing price of $3.88 on June 30, 2023 on the NASDAQ Capital Market).

As of March 21, 2024, the registrant had 1,362,840 shares of common stock outstanding, $0.001 par value per share.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

 

---

INTRODUCTION

“Arcadia,” the “Company,” "management," “we,” “our” and “us” are used interchangeably to refer to Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally relate to future events, our future financial or operating performance, growth strategies, anticipated trends in our industry, and our potential opportunities, plans, and objectives. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as "may," "will," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "could," "intends," "target," "projects," "contemplates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," or "continue" or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans, or intentions. Forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K include, but are not limited to, statements about:

We caution you that the foregoing list may not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the section titled "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We cannot assure you that the results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur, and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.

---

TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR FORM 10-K

 

		Page
PART I
Item 1.	Business	2
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	8
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	17
Item 1C.	Cybersecurity	18
Item 2.	Properties	18
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	18
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	18
PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	19
Item 6.	[Reserved]	19
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	31
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	32
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	67
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	67
Item 9B.	Other Information	67
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	67
PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	68
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	68
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	68
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	68
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	68
PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	69
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	69

 

---

PART I

Item 1. Business.

Overview

We are a producer and marketer of innovative, plant-based food and beverage products. Our history as a leader in science-based approaches to developing high value crop improvements, primarily in wheat, designed to enhance farm economics by improving the performance of crops in the field, as well as their value as food ingredients, has laid the foundation for our path forward. We have used non-genetically modified (“non-GMO”) advanced breeding techniques to develop these proprietary innovations which we are now commercializing through the sales of seed and grain, food ingredients and products, trait licensing and royalty agreements. The acquisition of the assets of Live Zola, LLC (“Zola”) added coconut water to our portfolio of products.

Our commercial strategy is to satisfy consumer nutrition demands with the superior functional benefits our crops deliver directly from the farm, enabling us to share premium economics throughout the ag-food supply chain and to build a world-class estate of high value traits and varieties. The acquisition of the Zola brand allows us to broaden our reach within the beverage sector.

Our Growth Strategy

We believe there are significant opportunities to grow our business by executing the following elements of our strategy:

Arcadia Wellness, LLC

In May 2021, our wholly owned subsidiary Arcadia Wellness, LLC (“Arcadia Wellness” or “AW”), acquired the businesses of Eko, Lief, and Zola. The acquisition included Saavy Naturals™, a line of natural body care products, Soul Spring™, a CBD-infused botanical therapy brand in the natural category, and ProVault™, a THC-free CBD sports performance formula made with natural ingredients, providing effective support and recovery for athletes (collectively "body care brands"). Also included in the purchase is Zola, a coconut water sourced exclusively with sustainably grown coconuts from Thailand.

On July 8, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement to license Saavy Naturals to Radiance Beauty and Wellness, Inc. ("Radiance Beauty").

In July 2023, management made the decision to exit the remaining body care brands, Soul Spring and ProVault, as a result of continued pressure on the CBD market due to regulatory uncertainty. Body care operations ceased as of September 30, 2023.

---

Our Product Portfolio

Most Americans suffer from a significant fiber deficiency. The recommended daily value of fiber is 25g for women and children, and 38g for men according to the May 2021 Food and Health Survey by the International Food Information Council. However, less than 10 percent of women and less than 3 percent of men get enough fiber in their daily diets.

Our GoodWheat portfolio of better-for-you products addresses these needs as they are naturally higher in fiber and protein than traditional wheat without sacrificing on taste or texture.

GoodWheat™ Pasta

In June 2022, we launched our GoodWheat pasta in five varieties – penne, spaghetti, fettuccine, elbows and rotini – in select retailers nationwide and on Amazon. Our pasta delivers 4 times the fiber of traditional wheat pasta with 9g of protein per serving and no sacrifice on taste. In fact, our research shows that GoodWheat pasta scores at parity on taste with leading wheat pasta competitors and significantly outscores market leading vegetable-based pastas. Made with only our USA farm grown wheat, GoodWheat pasta meets consumers’ preference for clean labels and transparent sourcing. And, in December of 2022, GoodWheat received the American Heart Association’s Heart-Check mark on all of our pasta products. With its high fiber, lower sodium and zero saturated fat, GoodWheat meets the criteria for a heart-healthy pasta and provides consumers with a better-for-you option that delivers superior nutrition with the taste and texture of traditional pasta.
 

GoodWheat™ Pancakes and Waffle Mixes

In August 2023, we launched our GoodWheat into the breakfast category with new, better-for-you pancake and waffle mixes as well as single-serve Quikcakes™. Our new mixes are made with simple ingredients and Arcadia’s proprietary wheat grain, which is naturally higher in fiber and protein than traditional wheat. GoodWheat pancake and waffle mixes are sold in resealable, multi-serve pouches, with each serving delivering 8 times the fiber of traditional pancake mix and 5 grams of protein. Our multi-serve mixes will be available in 3 classic varieties, including Buttermilk, Chocolate Chocolate Chip and Apple Cinnamon. GoodWheat Quikcakes are an innovative, single-serve instant pancake that is a great option for busy mornings – you simply pour one packet into a bowl, add water and microwave for 90 seconds. Quikcakes have 11 times the fiber of traditional single-serve pancake mixes and contain 7 grams of protein per serving. Quikcakes are available in 3 flavors, including Buttermilk, Chocolate Chocolate Chip and Confetti.

GoodWheat™ Mac and Cheese

In November 2023, we announced the third GoodWheat category, Mac and Cheese. Our Mac and Cheese is made with real cheese and contains no artificial flavors, dyes or preservatives and are available in three varieties: Classic Cheddar, White Cheddar and Three Cheese. GoodWheat Mac and Cheese packs in the most fiber of any brand in the category, 4 times more than the leading brand. In fact, one serving of GoodWheat Mac and Cheese has the same fiber as two servings of oatmeal, or two and a half servings of broccoli! And, just like our pasta and pancake mixes, GoodWheat Mac and Cheese is higher in protein than the leading brand, with 12 grams of protein per serving.

Zola Coconut Water

Zola is a pure, natural, 100% coconut water with a crisp, clean taste that’s lightly sweet and refreshing. Naturally hydrating and never from concentrate, Zola is Non-GMO Project Verified and only contains 60 calories per serving. In taste tests, Zola beats competitors 2 to 1 and is the best-tasting way to rehydrate, reset and reenergize.

---

GoodWheat™ Wheat Traits

Enhanced Quality Grains

The GoodWheat brand also encompasses our current and future non-GMO wheat portfolio of high fiber Resistant Starch ("RS"), Reduced Gluten ("RG") wheat varieties, and extended shelf life wheat, as well as future wheat innovations. We now hold 24 global patents on our high fiber RS wheat, protecting both bread wheat and durum (pasta) wheat. Claims granted recently strengthen our IP for our RS portfolio of products.

Our GoodWheat™ wheat traits redesign wheat as a functional food adding value to the wheat supply chain by enabling a wider range of choices to meet consumer demands. One such program generated multiple bread wheat and pasta wheat lines with very high levels of amylose, leading to increased levels of resistant starch. Resistant starch increases the total dietary fiber content of wheat and reduces its glycemic index, which are both desirable nutritional qualities that are important in the management of diabetes and healthy blood glucose levels. High fiber resistant starch wheat can deliver fiber and other benefits to refined white flour products and also whole grain food products. We believe improving the fiber content of wheat can deliver improved health benefits to a wide population.

High Fiber RS Wheat

Our high fiber RS wheat provides a source of wheat with inherently high levels of resistant starch, increasing the total dietary fiber content of food products without the need for fiber additives from other sources. Currently, corn resistant starch is a product in two market segments: dietary fiber additives and modified starch additives. Major growth in these markets is being driven by the convenience health food sector and functional food sector. Flour from our RS wheat lines has resistant starch levels that are 12 to 20 times higher than the control wheat, and total dietary fiber, or TDF, which is more than eight times higher than the control. RS wheat flour has been tested in applications in bread, where loaf quality was comparable to bread made with conventional wheat flour, and pasta, where it had the highest consumer preference rankings in tests carried out by a major consumer products company.

RS wheat bread flour is currently being introduced to North American bakery and consumer packaged goods ("CPG") companies by our partners, Bay State Milling. In markets outside North America, RS wheat is currently being tested in a range of additional bakery, ready-to-eat cereals and pasta products with industrial partners. We have many RS wheat lines that are being evaluated for optimal quality and agronomic characteristics.

RG Wheat

Many consumers are interested in reducing levels of gluten in their diet. Critically, for some, this is due to having Celiac disease ("CD"), an autoimmune disease that impacts many people worldwide with estimates from 1% of the population in Europe to 3.5% in Mexico. Furthermore, non-celiac gluten sensitivity ("NCGS") impacts an estimated additional 6% of the population. Both CD and NCGS are characterized by sensitivity to dietary gluten. The only effective treatment of CD and NCGS requires removal of gluten sources from the diet. Since required adherence to a gluten-free diet is extremely difficult to accomplish for average consumers, efforts to develop alternative approaches are needed.

Arcadia is continuing to advance a new wheat variety with reduced gluten levels. Our proprietary, non-GMO wheat variety developed using advanced screening and plant breeding techniques have reduced allergenic glutens and increased essential amino acids such as lysine, along with all the other health benefits of high protein wheat. Importantly, this variety also delivers impressively high fiber content at approximately 14 grams per serving compared to 2-3 grams per serving of traditional wheat, providing additional value to health-conscious consumers as well as optionality as we advance the commercialization of this project. We are breeding the trait into additional commercial wheat varieties and working with food processors to give people a choice to enjoy higher quality wheat in the products they love while reducing gluten in their diet.

---

Improved Shelf Life of Whole Grain Flour

The United States Department of Agriculture recommends that “at least one serving of grains per day must be whole grain-rich” due to evidence that a diet containing whole grains provides a multitude of benefits, including lower risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes. Despite these health benefits, consumption of whole grain products is negatively affected by the bitter and rancid flavors and odors that accumulate in whole wheat flour after milling. Our improved stability and flavor wheat lines greatly reduced the production of rancid and bitter compounds in milled whole grain flour as it progresses through the supply chain. Whole wheat flour from these lines is being tested further for sensory characteristics and improved shelf-life stability. This new trait could help improve the shelf life and flavor profile of whole grain products, thus reducing formulation costs and increasing consumer preference and palatability for whole grains.

Product Development

With our food and beverage products now entering the market, we are firmly in the commercialization phase of our corporate lifecycle. We are de-emphasizing new trait discovery research and development (“R&D”) and are increasing our focus on food-science innovation to fully leverage the value in our existing superior wheat genetics. We are evolving our organizational capabilities to match this strategy progression to include in-house food formulation and CPG supply chain expertise.

Food Formulation Innovation. We will expand the application of our innovation platform to build on our pipeline of products focused on health and wellness. Our innovation team is focused on using science-based solutions to leverage our wheat varieties to develop an array of food products and wellness ingredients. Because we are innovating directly from our own well-established plant technology traits, we expect this extension of our involvement will provide more meaningful improvements.

Field Trials and Breeder & Foundation Seed Production. Our trait evaluation and development staff conducts field operations for both trials and production in American Falls, Idaho, and oversee production in other areas of the country, as needed. Similarly, regulatory trials may be needed to develop data for use in submissions for regulatory review and may involve plant varieties developed by our collaborators or our own grain quality programs.

Biological Materials Inventory and Tracking. Our proprietary Pedigree and Inventory Management System, or PIMS, tracks the genetic, phenotypic and location information for all our plant materials. The performance of our plant materials is recorded through a variety of laboratory and field observations, and the data are stored within PIMS. The location of all plant materials is tracked throughout the plant life cycle. This includes specific seeds planted within a specific plot of a specific field trial, harvest, seed storage location and use by, or distribution of plant material to, our collaborators or elsewhere. We ensure all of our plant materials are accounted for, tracked and inventoried, which enables us to maintain direct control and proper documentation.

Intellectual Property

We rely on patents and other proprietary right protections, including trade secrets and contractual protection of our proprietary know-how and confidential information, to preserve our competitive position.

As of December 31, 2023, we owned or exclusively controlled 73 issued patents, 38 pending patent applications worldwide, and 6 plant variety protection certificates. These totals reflect the following: (i) with respect to the U.S. territory, we owned 24 and exclusively in-licensed 2 U.S. issued patents, and we owned 6 U.S. patent applications and 6 plant variety protection certificates relating to our plants, trait technologies, and business methods; and (ii) in connection with foreign territories, we owned 29 and exclusively in-licensed 18 foreign issued patents, and owned 32 pending foreign patent applications. As of December 31, 2023, our GoodWheat® portfolio included 15 U.S. issued patents, 6 U.S. patent applications, 1 plant variety certificate, 27 foreign issued patents and 26 foreign patent applications. With respect to all of the foregoing patent and plant protection assets, our exclusive licenses afford us control over the prosecution and maintenance of the licensed patents and patent applications. These numbers do not include in-licensed patents for which we either do not have exclusive rights (such as certain enabling technology licenses), or for which we have exclusive rights only in a limited field of use or do not control prosecution and maintenance of the licensed patents.

---

As of December 31, 2023, Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and Arcadia Wellness, LLC each had 12 registered trademarks in the United States. Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. also had nine registered trademarks in various other countries.

Key Collaborations

We have established numerous trait collaborations and have developed close relationships with industry-leading seed and consumer product companies. Our partnerships with global strategic seed and consumer product players enable us to further participate in the development and commercialization of innovative products that promise to play significant roles in improving global crop efficiency and enhancing human health. We believe that the expertise and opportunities created by these collaborations represent important assets to our business. Below is a summary of selected collaborative partnerships that we view as key to the achievement of our near-term and mid-term business objectives.

Corteva Agriscience

In 2017, we entered into a strategic collaboration with Corteva Agriscience to jointly develop and commercialize a breakthrough improved wheat quality trait in North America. The collaboration leverages our TILLING platform with Corteva Agriscience’s enabling technology platforms, high-quality elite germplasm and global commercial channels.

Under the collaboration, the companies will further develop and commercialize an improved wheat quality trait, which has completed initial field trials and is advancing to next-stage field trials. Corteva Agriscience will introgress Arcadia’s trait into its proprietary elite germplasm lines and manage all aspects related to the trait commercialization. Certain development costs will be co-funded, and we will share in the commercial value resulting from products produced.

Arista Cereal Seeds Pty Ltd and Bay State Milling Company

In 2019, we entered into an agreement with Arista and Bay State Milling ("BSM"). Under the agreement, BSM is the exclusive commercial partner for our high fiber resistant starch bread wheat in North America under its HealthSense™ brand portfolio, while Arista has exclusive rights under our high fiber resistant starch bread wheat intellectual property in certain geographies, including Australia and Europe. We will continue to market our high fiber wheat under our GoodWheat portfolio of specialty wheat ingredients in other international markets.

Competition

The markets for consumer goods are highly competitive, and we face significant direct and indirect competition in several aspects of our business. We compete with both large, established manufacturers, as well as small, innovative producers of pasta and beverage products. There are several companies working to improve genetics in crops, such as wheat, that may compete with the trait used in our GoodWheat products.

In general, we believe that our competitors generally fall into the following categories:

---

Employees

As of December 31, 2023, we had 21 employees with 14 in management, operations, accounting/finance, legal and administration. We believe our employee relations to be good. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or collective bargaining agreement.

Diversity and Inclusion

At Arcadia, we recognize the immense benefits that a diverse team brings to our organization, including delivering better business outcomes. Our talented people leverage their diverse backgrounds and skills toward a common goal: meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to do the same. This spirit of inclusive collaboration can be felt throughout our Company. Our commitment to diversity begins at the highest levels of our organization, as evidenced by the fact that 43% of our Board of Directors are women. From a management perspective, 50% of our CEO's direct reports are women, racially or ethnically diverse, which we believe sets the right tone and expectation for diversity and inclusion within the Company. More broadly, 52% of our employees are women.

Facilities

Our corporate headquarters are located in Dallas, Texas with additional office space in Davis and Sacramento, California and additional facilities in American Falls, Idaho. We believe that our leased facilities are adequate to meet our current needs and that, if needed, suitable additional or alternative space will be available to accommodate our operations.

Available Information

 

Our website address is www.arcadiabio.com. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, any amendments to those reports, proxy and registration statements filed or furnished with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, are available free of charge through our website. We make these materials available through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such materials with, or furnish such materials to, the SEC. The information contained in, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this Report.

---

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

You should carefully consider the following risk factors, in addition to the other information contained in this report on Form 10-K, including the section of this report titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes. If any of the events described in the following risk factors and the risks described elsewhere in this report occurs, our business, operating results and financial condition could be seriously harmed. This report on Form 10-K also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of factors that are described below and elsewhere in this report.

Risks Related to Our Business

Unfavorable global economic or political conditions could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our results of operations could be adversely affected by general conditions in the global economy and in the global financial markets. A global financial crisis or a global or regional political disruption could cause extreme volatility in the capital and credit markets. Outbreaks of epidemic, pandemic, or contagious diseases, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, could disrupt our business resulting in a loss of productivity from our employees working remotely. In addition, the US financial markets have been negatively impacted by the rise of inflation and interest rates, increasing the potential for a local and/or global economic recession that could disrupt our business. A political disruption could also strain our manufacturers or suppliers, possibly resulting in supply disruption, or cause our customers to delay making payments for our services. Any of the foregoing could harm our business and we cannot anticipate all of the ways in which the political or economic climate and financial market conditions could adversely impact our business.

We or our partners may not be successful in developing commercial products that incorporate our traits and for which there is consumer demand.

Our future growth depends on our ability to monetize the trait assets we’ve created by bringing products to market that incorporate our technology, as well as licensing these traits to our collaborators to develop and commercialize seeds and products that contain our traits. The development process could take longer than we anticipate or could ultimately fail to achieve commercial success for any of the following reasons, including but not limited to: non-competitive pricing, ineffective advertising and marketing campaigns, increased competition, failure to align with consumer tastes and lack of brand acceptance.

If products containing our traits are never commercialized or are not well-received in the marketplace, our ability to generate revenues and become profitable, as well as our long-term growth strategy, would be materially and adversely affected. Even if we or our collaborators are able to develop commercial products that incorporate our traits, any such products may not achieve commercial success as quickly as we project, or at all.

---

We have a history of significant losses, which we expect to continue, and we may never achieve or maintain profitability.

We have incurred significant net losses since our formation in 2002 and expect to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. We incurred net losses of $14.0 million and $15.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of $271.8 million. Net cash used in operations was $15.3 million and $14.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We expect to continue to incur losses. In addition, we may find our development and commercialization efforts are more expensive than we anticipate or that they do not generate revenues in the amounts or in the time period we anticipate, which would further increase our losses. If we are unable to adequately control the costs associated with operating our business, including costs of development and commercialization of our traits, our business, financial condition, operating results, and prospects will suffer.

We may require additional financing and may not be able to obtain such financing on favorable terms, if at all, which could force us to delay, reduce, or eliminate our research and development activities.

We will continue to need capital to fund our development projects, the commercialization of our products, and to provide working capital to fund other aspects of our business. If our capital resources are insufficient to meet our capital requirements, we will have to raise additional funds. If future financings involve the issuance of equity securities, our existing stockholders would suffer dilution. If we are able to raise debt financing, we may be subject to restrictive covenants that limit our operating flexibility. We may not be able to raise sufficient additional funds on terms that are favorable to us, if at all. If we fail to raise sufficient funds and continue to incur losses, our ability to fund our operations, take advantage of strategic opportunities, develop and commercialize products or technologies, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures could be significantly limited. If this happens, we may be forced to delay or terminate research and development programs or the commercialization of products or curtail operations. If adequate funds are not available, we will not be able to successfully execute on our business strategy or continue our business.

Our gross profit margins on our consumer products may be impacted by a variety of factors, including but not limited to variations in raw materials and packaging, freight costs, pricing, customer requirements, market acceptance rate and promotional support costs.

We expect that our gross profit as a percentage of net sales could fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including product pricing, retail discounts, and the availability and cost of ingredients and packaging. In addition, our gross profit margin may be impacted by shifts in the overall mix of products having a higher or lower profit margin. If we are not able to increase our selling prices or reduce product sizes sufficiently, or in a timely manner, to offset increased raw material, packaging, or other input costs, or if our sales volume decreases significantly, there could be a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Should the rate of market acceptance of our products be slower than anticipated, we may incur additional expense by increasing promotional activities.

---

Competition is intense and requires continuous technological development, and, if we are unable to compete effectively, our financial results will suffer.

We face significant competition in the markets in which we operate. The markets for pasta, pancake mix, mac and cheese, and coconut water products are intensely competitive and rapidly changing. In most segments of the seed and agricultural biotechnology market, the number of products available to consumers is steadily increasing as new products are introduced. At the same time, the expiration of patents covering existing products reduces the barriers to entry for competitors. We may be unable to compete successfully against our current and future competitors, which may result in price reductions, reduced margins and the inability to achieve market acceptance for products containing our traits. In addition, several of our competitors have substantially greater financial, marketing, sales, distribution, research and development, and technical resources than us, and some of our collaborators have more experience in research and development, regulatory matters, manufacturing, and marketing. We anticipate increased competition in the future as new companies enter the market and new technologies become available. Our technologies may be rendered obsolete or uneconomical by technological advances or entirely different approaches developed by one or more of our competitors, which will prevent or limit our ability to generate revenues from the commercialization of our traits being developed.

We may seek to expand through acquisitions of and investments in other brands, businesses, and assets. These acquisition activities may be unsuccessful or divert management’s attention.

We may consider strategic and complementary acquisitions of and investments in other agricultural biotechnology and consumer brands, businesses or other assets, and such acquisitions or investments are subject to risks that could affect our business, including risks related to:

We may not be able to identify opportunities or complete transactions on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or actually realize any anticipated benefits from such acquisitions or investments. Similarly, we may not be able to obtain financing for acquisitions or investments on attractive terms. In addition, the success of any acquisitions or investments also will depend, in part, on our ability to integrate the acquisition or investment with our existing operations.

---

We rely on third parties to conduct, monitor, support, and oversee field trials and commercial production and, in some cases, to maintain regulatory files for those products in development, and any performance issues by third parties, or our inability to engage third parties on acceptable terms, may impact our or our collaborators’ ability to complete the regulatory process for or commercialize such products.

We rely on third parties, including farmers, to conduct, monitor, support, and oversee field trials and commercial production. As a result, we have less control over the timing and cost of these activities than if we conducted them with our own personnel. If we are unable to maintain or enter into agreements with these third parties on acceptable terms, or if any such engagement is terminated prematurely, we may be unable to conduct and complete our trials and commercial production in the manner we anticipate. In addition, there is no guarantee that these third parties will devote adequate time and resources to our activities or perform as required by our contract or in accordance with regulatory requirements, including maintenance of field trial or production information. If these third parties fail to meet expected deadlines, fail to transfer to us any regulatory or other information in a timely manner, fail to adhere to protocols, or fail to act in accordance with regulatory requirements or our agreements with them, or if they otherwise perform in a substandard manner or in a way that compromises the quality or accuracy of their activities or the data they obtain, then field trials and commercial production of our products in development may be extended or delayed with additional costs incurred, or our data may be rejected by the United States Department of Agriculture, Food and Drug Administration ("FDA"), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or other regulatory agencies. Ultimately, we are responsible for ensuring that each of our field trials and commercial production is conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol, legal, regulatory and scientific standards, and our reliance on third parties does not relieve us of our responsibilities.

If our relationship with any of these third parties is terminated, we may be unable to enter into arrangements with alternative parties on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Switching or adding growers or other suppliers can involve substantial cost and require extensive management time and focus. In addition, there is a natural transition period when a new farmer or other third party commences work. As a result, delays may occur, which can materially impact our ability to meet our desired development or commercial timelines. If we are required to seek alternative supply arrangements, the resulting delays and potential inability to find a suitable replacement could materially and adversely impact our business.

Most of our collaborators have significant resources and development capabilities and may develop their own products that compete with or negatively impact the advancement or sale of products containing our traits.

Most of our collaborators are significantly larger than us and may have substantially greater resources and development capabilities. As a result, we are subject to competition from many of our collaborators, who could develop or pursue competing products and traits that may ultimately prove more commercially viable than our traits. In addition, former collaborators, by virtue of having had access to our proprietary technology, may utilize this insight for their own development efforts, despite the fact that our collaboration agreements prohibit such use. The development or launch of a competing product by a collaborator may adversely affect the advancement and commercialization of any traits we develop and any associated research and development and milestone payments and value-sharing payments we receive from the sale of products containing our traits.

We depend on our key personnel and, if we are not able to attract and retain qualified technical and business personnel, we may not be able to grow our business or develop and commercialize our products.

Our future performance depends on the continued services and contributions of our management team and other key employees, the loss of whose services might significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our technical or business objectives. The replacement of any member of our management team involves significant time and costs and such loss could significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our business objectives. A member of our leadership team who has been our employee for many years and therefore, has significant experience and understanding of our business, would be difficult to replace.

---

Additionally, the majority of our workforce is involved in development and commercial activities. Our business is therefore dependent on our ability to recruit and maintain a highly skilled and educated workforce with expertise in a range of disciplines, including food innovation, supply chain management, agribusiness, marketing, and other subjects relevant to our operations. All of our current employees are at-will employees, and the failure to retain or hire skilled and highly educated personnel could limit our growth and hinder our research and development efforts.

Our business is subject to the risks of earthquakes, fire, flood, crop losses, epidemics, and other catastrophic natural events, and security breaches, including cybersecurity incidents.

Our crops are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions, including windstorms, floods, drought and temperature extremes, which are common but difficult to predict. In addition, the crops are vulnerable to crop disease and to pests, which may vary in severity and effect, depending on the stage of production at the time of infection or infestation, the type of treatment applied and climatic conditions. Unfavorable growing conditions can reduce both crop size and quality. Weather conditions, disease or pest infestation could damage the crop in spite of precautions we would normally take to avoid such losses. We take precautions to safeguard our facilities, including insurance, health and safety protocols, and off-site storage of critical research results and computer data. However, a natural disaster, such as a fire, flood, or earthquake, could cause substantial delays in our operations, damage or destroy our equipment, inventory, or development projects, and cause us to incur additional expenses. The insurance we maintain against natural disasters may not be adequate to cover our losses in any particular case.

We utilize and critically rely upon information technology systems in all aspects of our business, including increasingly large amounts of data to support our products and advance our research and development. Failure to effectively prevent, detect, and recover from the increasing number and sophistication of information security threats could result in theft, misuse, modification, and destruction of information, including trade secrets and confidential business information, and cause business disruptions, delays in research and development, and reputational damage, which could significantly affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our use of hazardous materials exposes us to potential liabilities.

Certain of our operations involve the storage and controlled use of hazardous materials, including laboratory chemicals, herbicides, and pesticides. This requires us to conduct our operations in compliance with applicable environmental and safety standards, and we cannot completely eliminate the risk of accidental contamination from hazardous materials. In the event of such contamination, we may be held liable for significant damages or fines, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

Most of the licenses we grant to our collaborators to use our proprietary genes in certain crops are exclusive within certain jurisdictions, which limits our licensing opportunities.

Most of the licenses we grant our collaborators to use our proprietary genes in certain crops are exclusive within specified jurisdictions, so long as our collaborators comply with certain diligence requirements. This means that once genes are licensed to a collaborator in a specified crop or crops, we are generally prohibited from licensing those genes to any third party. The limitations imposed by these exclusive licenses could prevent us from expanding our business and increasing our product development initiatives with new collaborators, both of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our commercial success depends on our ability to protect our intellectual property and our proprietary technologies and on the ability to operate without infringing the patents and other proprietary rights of third parties.

Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection both in the United States and in other countries for any products we successfully develop. The patents and patent applications in our patent portfolio are either owned by us, exclusively licensed to us, or co-owned by us and others and exclusively licensed to us. Our ability to protect any products we successfully develop from unauthorized or infringing use by third parties depends substantially on our ability to obtain and maintain valid and enforceable patents. Due to evolving legal standards relating to the patentability, validity and enforceability of patents covering biotechnology inventions and the scope of claims made under these patents, our ability to obtain and enforce patents is uncertain and involves complex legal and factual questions.

---

Accordingly, rights under any issued patents may not provide us with sufficient protection for any products we successfully develop or provide sufficient protection to afford us a commercial advantage against our competitors or their competitive products or processes. In addition, we cannot guarantee that any patents will be issued from any pending or future patent applications owned by or licensed to us. Even if patents have been issued or will be issued, we cannot guarantee that the claims of these patents are, or will be, valid or enforceable, or provide us with any significant protection against competitive products or otherwise be commercially valuable to us.

The U.S. Congress passed the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, or the America Invents Act, which was signed into law in September 2011. The America Invents Act reforms U.S. patent law in part by changing the standard for patent approval from a “first to invent” standard to a “first inventor to file” standard and developing a post-grant review system. This new legislation affects U.S. patent law in a manner that may impact our ability to obtain or maintain patent protection for current or future inventions in the U.S. or otherwise cause uncertainty as to our patent protection.

We may not have identified all patents, published applications or published literature that may affect our business, either by blocking our ability to commercialize our traits, by preventing the patentability of our traits by us, our licensors or co-owners, or by covering the same or similar technologies that may invalidate our patents, limiting the scope of our future patent claims or adversely affecting our ability to market our products. For example, patent applications are maintained in confidence for at least 18 months after their filing. In some cases, patent applications remain confidential in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) for the entire time prior to issuance of a U.S. patent. Patent applications filed in countries outside the United States are not typically published until at least 18 months from their first filing date. Similarly, publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent literature often lags behind actual discoveries. Therefore, we cannot be certain that we or our licensors or co-owners were the first to invent, or the first inventors to file, patent applications on our processes, products or their uses. In the event that another party has filed a U.S. patent application covering the same invention as one of our patent applications or patents, we may have to participate in an adversarial proceeding, known as an interference, declared by the USPTO to determine priority of invention in the United States.

If we or one of our collaborators are sued for infringing the intellectual property rights of a third party, such litigation could be costly and time consuming and could prevent us or our collaborators from developing or commercializing our products.

Our ability to generate significant revenues from our products depends on our and our collaborators’ ability to develop, market and sell our products and utilize our proprietary technology without infringing the intellectual property and other rights of any third parties. In the United States and abroad there are numerous third-party patents and patent applications that may be applied toward our proprietary technology, business processes, or developed traits, some of which may be construed as containing claims that cover the subject matter of our products or intellectual property. Because of the rapid pace of technological change, the confidentiality of patent applications in some jurisdictions (including U.S. provisional patent applications), and the fact that patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be currently pending applications that are unknown to us that may later result in issued patents upon which our products in development or proprietary technologies infringe. Similarly, there may be issued patents relevant to our products in development of which we are not aware. These patents could reduce the value of the traits we develop or the plants containing our traits or, to the extent they cover key technologies on which we have unknowingly relied, require that we seek to obtain licenses or cease using the technology, no matter how valuable to our business. We may not be able to obtain such a license on commercially reasonable terms. If any third-party patent or patent application covers our intellectual property or proprietary rights and we are not able to obtain a license to it, we and our collaborators may be prevented from commercializing products containing our traits.

---

As the agricultural biotechnology industry continues to develop, we may become party to, or threatened with, litigation or other adverse proceedings regarding intellectual property or proprietary rights in our technology, processes, or developed traits. Third parties may assert claims based on existing or future intellectual property rights and the outcome of any proceedings is subject to uncertainties that cannot be adequately quantified in advance. Any litigation proceedings could be costly and time consuming, and negative outcomes could result in liability for monetary damages, including treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if we are found to have willfully infringed a patent. There is also no guarantee that we would be able to obtain a license under such infringed intellectual property on commercially reasonable terms or at all. A finding of infringement could prevent us or our collaborators from developing, marketing or selling a product or force us to cease some or all of our business operations. Even if we are successful in these proceedings, we may incur substantial costs and the time and attention of our management and scientific personnel may be diverted as a result of these proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on us. Claims that we have misappropriated the confidential information or trade secrets of third parties could similarly have a negative impact on our business.

Our success will depend in part on our ability to uphold and enforce patents or patent applications owned or co-owned by us or licensed to us, which cover products we successfully develop. Proceedings involving our patents or patent applications could result in adverse decisions regarding:

Even if we are successful in these proceedings, we may incur substantial costs and divert management’s time and attention in pursuing these proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

We are subject to governmental export and import controls that could impair our ability to compete in international markets due to licensing requirements and subject us to liability if we are not in compliance with applicable laws.

Our products and products in development are subject to export control and import laws and regulations, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, U.S. Customs regulations, and various economic and trade sanctions regulations administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Controls. Exports of our products and technology must be made in compliance with these laws and regulations. If we fail to comply with these laws and regulations, we and certain of our employees could be subject to substantial civil or criminal penalties, including the possible loss of export or import privileges; fines, which may be imposed on us and responsible employees or managers; and, in extreme cases, the incarceration of responsible employees or managers.

In addition, changes in our products or solutions or changes in applicable export or import laws and regulations may create delays in the introduction and sale of our products and solutions in international markets, prevent our customers from deploying our products and solutions or, in some cases, prevent the export or import of our products and solutions to certain countries, governments or persons altogether. Any change in export or import laws and regulations, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing laws and regulations, or change in the countries, governments, persons or technologies targeted by such laws and regulations, could also result in decreased use of our products and solutions, or in our decreased ability to export or sell our products and solutions to existing or potential customers. Any decreased use of our products and solutions or limitation on our ability to export or sell our products and solutions would likely adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Adverse outcomes in future legal proceedings could subject us to substantial damages and adversely affect our results of operations and profitability.

We may become party to legal proceedings, including matters involving personnel and employment issues, personal injury, environmental matters, and other proceedings. Some of these potential proceedings could result in substantial damages or payment awards that exceed our insurance coverage. We will estimate our exposure to any future legal proceedings and establish provisions for the estimated liabilities where it is reasonably possible to estimate and where an adverse outcome is probable.

---

Assessing and predicting the outcome of these matters will involve substantial uncertainties. Furthermore, even if the outcome is ultimately in our favor, our costs associated with such litigation may be material. Adverse outcomes in future legal proceedings or the costs and expenses associated therewith could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

We may be required to pay substantial damages as a result of product liability claims for which insurance coverage is not available.

We are subject to product liability claims with respect to our products. Product liability claims against us or our collaborators selling our products could damage our reputation, harm our relationships with our collaborators, and materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects. Furthermore, while our collaboration agreements typically require that our collaborators indemnify us for the cost of product liability claims brought against us as a result of our collaborator’s misconduct, such indemnification provisions may not always be enforced, and we may receive no indemnification if our own misconduct contributed to the claims.

As a result of being a public company, we are obligated to develop and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting. We may not complete our analysis of our internal control over financial reporting in a timely manner, or these internal controls may not be determined to be effective, which may adversely affect investor confidence in our company and, as a result, the value of our common stock.

Pursuant to Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“the Act”) and the related rules adopted by the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, starting with the second annual report that we filed with the SEC after the consummation of our public offering, our management is required to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Section 404(b) of the Act requires that our independent registered public accounting firm will also need to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting if we qualify as an accelerated filer or a large accelerated filer.

We are continuously improving our internal control environment. As a result, we may experience higher than anticipated operating expenses, as well as higher auditor fees during and after the implementation of these changes. If we are unable to implement any of the required changes to our internal control over financial reporting effectively or efficiently or are required to do so earlier than anticipated, it could adversely affect our operations, financial reporting, and results of operations and could result in an adverse opinion on internal controls from our independent registered public accounting firm.

Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations.

Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its NOLs to offset future taxable income. A significant portion of our existing NOLs are limited due to known ownership changes under IRC Section 382 that we experienced as a result of the common stock we issued in connection with equity financings in December 2020 and January 2021. Changes in our stock ownership since 2021 or in the future, which could be outside of our control, could result in an ownership change under Section 382 of the Code. If we undergo an ownership change, our ability to utilize NOLs could be further limited by Section 382 of the Code. Furthermore, our ability to utilize NOLs of companies that we may acquire in the future may be subject to limitations. There is also a risk that, due to regulatory changes, such as suspensions on the use of NOLs, or other unforeseen reasons, our existing NOLs could expire or otherwise be unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities. For these reasons, we may not be able to realize a tax benefit from the use of our NOLs, whether or not we experience profitability.

---

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the possibility that such sales could occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Future sales in the public market of our common stock, or shares issued upon exercise of our outstanding stock options or warrants, or the perception by the market that these issuances or sales could occur, could lower the market price of our common stock or make it difficult for us to raise additional capital. Our stockholders may experience substantial dilution and a reduction in the price that they are able to obtain upon the sale of their shares. As of December 31, 2023, we had 1,285,337 shares of common stock outstanding, substantially all of which we believe may be sold publicly, subject in some cases to volume and other limitations, provisions or limitations in registration rights agreements, or prospectus-delivery or other requirements relating to the effectiveness and use of registration statements registering the resale of such shares. As of December 31, 2023, we had 41,735 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options under our equity incentive plans at a weighted-average exercise price of $139.82 per share and we had outstanding warrants and preferred investment options to purchase 1,831,909 shares of common stock at a weighted-average exercise price of $24.63 per share. Subject to applicable vesting requirements, upon exercise of these options or warrants, the underlying shares may be resold into the public market, subject in some cases to volume and other limitations or prospectus delivery requirements pursuant to registration statements registering the resale of such shares. In the case of outstanding options and warrants that have exercise prices that are below the market price of our common stock from time to time, our stockholders would experience dilution upon the exercise of these options and warrants.

Our stock price has been and may continue to be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

The market price of our common stock has been and may continue to be volatile. After making adjustments for the impact of reverse stock splits, since shares of our common stock were sold in our initial public offering in May 2015 at a price of $6,400.00 per share, our stock price has ranged from $2.65 to $6,984.00, through December 31, 2023. The market price of our common stock is subject to wide fluctuations in response to various risk factors, some of which are beyond our control and may not be related to our operating performance, including:

Further, the stock markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity securities of many companies. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies.

---

These broad market and industry fluctuations, as well as general economic, political, and market conditions such as recessions, interest rate changes, or international currency fluctuations, may cause the market price of our common stock to decline. If the market price of our common stock fluctuates or declines, you may not realize any return on your investment and may lose some or all of your investment.

We expect our operating results to vary significantly from quarter to quarter, which may cause our stock price to fluctuate widely.

We expect our quarterly operating results to fluctuate widely and unpredictably for the following reasons, among others:

Any unanticipated change in revenues or operating results is likely to cause our stock price to fluctuate since such changes reflect new information available to investors and analysts.

Because we do not expect to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future, investors may be forced to sell their stock to realize a return on their investment.

We do not anticipate that we will pay any dividends to holders of our common stock for the foreseeable future. Any payment of cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions including compliance with covenants under our debt agreements, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. Our ability to pay dividends might be restricted by the terms of any indebtedness that we incur in the future. In addition, certain of our current outstanding debt agreements prohibit us from paying cash dividends on our common stock. Consequently, you should not rely on dividends to receive a return on your investment.

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq could result in a delisting of our common stock, which could negatively impact the market price and liquidity of our common shares and our ability to access the capital markets.
 

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market. If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market ("Nasdaq"), such as the corporate governance requirements or the minimum closing bid price requirement, Nasdaq may take steps to delist our common stock. Such a delisting would have a negative effect on the price of our common stock, impair the ability to sell or purchase our common stock when persons wish to do so, and any delisting materially adversely affect our ability to raise capital or pursue strategic restructuring, refinancing or other transactions on acceptable terms, or at all. Delisting from The Nasdaq Capital Market could also have other negative results, including the potential loss of institutional investor interest and fewer business development opportunities.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

Not applicable.

---

Item 1C. Cybersecurity.

We recognize the importance of identifying, assessing and managing material risks associated with cybersecurity threats, as such term is defined in Item 106(a) of Regulation S-K. These risks include, among other things: operational risks, intellectual property theft, fraud, extortion, harm to employees or customers and violation of data privacy or security laws.

Identifying and assessing cybersecurity risk is integrated into our overall risk management systems and processes. Cybersecurity risks related to our business, technical operations, privacy and compliance issues are identified and addressed through a multi-faceted approach including third party assessments, internal IT controls, governance, risk and compliance reviews.

We describe whether and how risks from cybersecurity threats are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our results of operations and financial condition, under the heading "Our business is subject to the risks of earthquakes, fire, flood, crop losses, epidemics, and other catastrophic natural events, and security breaches, including cybersecurity incidents." in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of this report.

Our Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing cybersecurity risks and updates our Board of Directors on cybersecurity matters as needed. The Audit Committee receives periodic updates from management regarding cybersecurity matters and is notified as promptly as practicable of significant new cybersecurity threats or incidents.

Management is responsible for the operational oversight of the company-wide cybersecurity strategy, policy, and standards across relevant departments to assess and help prepare us to address cybersecurity risks.

As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

Item 2. Properties.

Our corporate headquarters are located in Dallas, Texas with additional office space in Davis and Sacramento, California and additional facilities in American Falls, Idaho. We believe that our leased facilities are adequate to meet our current needs and that, if needed, suitable additional or alternative space will be available to accommodate our operations.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

We currently are not a party to any material litigation or other material legal proceedings. From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

---

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Our common stock has been listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol “RKDA” since May 15, 2015. Prior to May 15, 2015, there was no public trading for our common stock.

Holders of Record

As of March 21, 2024, we had 38 holders of record of our common stock. Because many of our shares of common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of beneficial stockholders represented by these record holders.

Dividend Policy

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any decision to declare and pay cash dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

See Part III, Item 12, for a description of securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Information concerning our sales of unregistered securities during the year ended December 31, 2023, has previously been reported in Current Reports on Form 8-K that we filed during that year.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

We did not repurchase any of our equity securities during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 6. [Reserved]

---

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements included herein. In addition to historical financial information, this report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. The statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements are often identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “strategy,” “target,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions or variations intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management based on information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this report may appear without the ®, TM, or SM symbols, but such references do not constitute a waiver of any rights that might be associated with the respective trademarks, service marks, or trade names.

Overview

We are a producer and marketer of innovative, plant-based food and beverage products. Our history as a leader in science-based approaches to developing high value crop improvements, primarily in wheat, designed to enhance farm economics by improving the performance of crops in the field, as well as their value as food ingredients, has laid the foundation for our path forward. We have used non-genetically modified advanced breeding techniques to develop these proprietary innovations which we are now commercializing through the sales of seed and grain, food ingredients and products, trait licensing and royalty agreements. The acquisition of the assets of Live Zola, LLC ("Zola") added coconut water to our portfolio of products.

Our commercial strategy is to satisfy consumer nutrition demands with the superior functional benefits our crops deliver directly from the farm, enabling us to share premium economics throughout the ag-food supply chain and to build a world-class estate of high value traits and varieties. The acquisition of the Zola brand allows us to broaden our reach within the beverage sector.

It is also estimated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (“USDA”), that approximately one-fifth of the FDA recommended calories consumed by people in the US are from wheat. Therefore, the market opportunity for nutritional improvements in wheat are significant not only because the wheat market itself is vast, but also because of the “share of stomach” wheat represents. Considering that most people today are not getting enough fiber or protein in their daily diets, the superior nutrient density of our non-GMO GoodWheat™ (“GoodWheat”) technology can improve the dietary intake of average consumers, by increasing their fiber and protein consumption without changing the way they eat. We believe this proprietary advantage gives GoodWheat the potential to become a global standard in wheat.

Our Growth Strategy

We believe there are significant opportunities to grow our business by executing the following elements of our strategy:

---

Arcadia Wellness, LLC

In May 2021, our wholly owned subsidiary Arcadia Wellness, LLC (“Arcadia Wellness” or “AW”), acquired the businesses of Eko, Lief, and Zola. The acquisition included Saavy Naturals™, a line of natural body care products, Soul Spring™, a CBD-infused botanical therapy brand in the natural category, and ProVault™, a THC-free CBD sports performance formula made with natural ingredients, providing effective support and recovery for athletes (collectively "body care brands"). Also included in the purchase is Zola, a coconut water sourced exclusively with sustainably grown coconuts from Thailand.

On July 8, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement to license Saavy Naturals to Radiance Beauty and Wellness, Inc. ("Radiance Beauty").

In July 2023, management made the decision to exit the remaining body care brands, Soul Spring and ProVault, as a result of continued pressure on the CBD market due to regulatory uncertainty. Body care operations ceased as of September 30, 2023.

Our Product Portfolio

Most Americans suffer from a significant fiber deficiency. The recommended daily value of fiber is 25g for women and children, and 38g for men according to the May 2021 Food and Health Survey by the International Food Information Council. However, less than 10 percent of women and less than 3 percent of men get enough fiber in their daily diets.

Our GoodWheat portfolio of better-for-you products addresses these needs as they are naturally higher in fiber and protein than traditional wheat without sacrificing on taste or texture.

GoodWheat™ Pasta

In June 2022, we launched our GoodWheat pasta in five varieties – penne, spaghetti, fettuccine, elbows and rotini – in select retailers nationwide and on Amazon. Our pasta delivers 4 times the fiber of traditional wheat pasta with 9g of protein per serving and no sacrifice on taste. In fact, our research shows that GoodWheat pasta scores at parity on taste with leading wheat pasta competitors and significantly outscores market leading vegetable-based pastas. Made with only our USA farm grown wheat, GoodWheat pasta meets consumers’ preference for clean labels and transparent sourcing. And, in December of 2022, GoodWheat received the American Heart Association’s Heart-Check mark on all of our pasta products. With its high fiber, lower sodium and zero saturated fat, GoodWheat meets the criteria for a heart-healthy pasta and provides consumers with a better-for-you option that delivers superior nutrition with the taste and texture of traditional pasta.

---

GoodWheat™ Pancakes and Waffle Mixes

In August 2023, we launched our GoodWheat into the breakfast category with new, better-for-you pancake and waffle mixes as well as single-serve Quikcakes™. Our new mixes are made with simple ingredients and Arcadia’s proprietary wheat grain, which is naturally higher in fiber and protein than traditional wheat. GoodWheat pancake and waffle mixes are sold in resealable, multi-serve pouches, with each serving delivering 8 times the fiber of traditional pancake mix and 5 grams of protein. Our multi-serve mixes will be available in 3 classic varieties, including Buttermilk, Chocolate Chocolate Chip and Apple Cinnamon. GoodWheat Quikcakes are an innovative, single-serve instant pancake that is a great option for busy mornings – you simply pour one packet into a bowl, add water and microwave for 90 seconds. Quikcakes have 11 times the fiber of traditional single-serve pancake mixes and contain 7 grams of protein per serving. Quikcakes are available in 3 flavors, including Buttermilk, Chocolate Chocolate Chip and Confetti.

GoodWheat™ Mac and Cheese

In November 2023, we announced the third GoodWheat category, Mac and Cheese. Our Mac and Cheese is made with real cheese and contains no artificial flavors, dyes or preservatives and are available in three varieties: Classic Cheddar, White Cheddar and Three Cheese. GoodWheat Mac and Cheese packs in the most fiber of any brand in the category, 4 times more than the leading brand. In fact, one serving of GoodWheat Mac and Cheese has the same fiber as two servings of oatmeal, or two and a half servings of broccoli! And, just like our pasta and pancake mixes, GoodWheat Mac and Cheese is higher in protein than the leading brand, with 12 grams of protein per serving.

Zola Coconut Water

Zola is a pure, natural, 100% coconut water with a crisp, clean taste that’s lightly sweet and refreshing. Naturally hydrating and never from concentrate, Zola is Non-GMO Project Verified and only contains 60 calories per serving. In taste tests, Zola beats competitors 2 to 1 and is the best-tasting way to rehydrate, reset and reenergize.

Discontinued Operations

As mentioned above, the Company exited the body care brands and ceased its operations as of September 30, 2023. In accordance with the provisions of ASC 205-20, the Company has separately reported the assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations in the consolidated balance sheets and the results of the discontinued operations as a separate component of loss on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for all periods presented. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for further information on discontinued operations.

Components of Our Statements of Operations Data

Revenues

We derive our revenues from product sales, royalties and license fees.

Product revenues

Product revenues consist primarily of sales of GoodWheat, Zola and GLA products. We recognize revenue from product sales when control of the product is transferred to third-party distributors and manufacturers, collectively “our customers,” which generally occurs upon delivery. Revenues fluctuate depending on the timing of shipments of product to our customers and are reported net of estimated chargebacks, returns and losses.

Royalty Revenues

Royalty revenues consist of amounts earned from the sale of commercial products that incorporate the Company's traits by third parties. Royalty revenues consist of a minimum annual royalty, offset by amounts earned from the sale of products. The Company recognizes the minimum annual royalty on a straight-line basis over the year, and recognizes royalty revenue resulting from the sale of products when the third parties transfer control of the product to their customers, which generally occurs upon shipment.

---

Royalty revenues can fluctuate depending on the timing of shipments of product by the third parties to their customers.

License revenues

License revenues consist of up-front, nonrefundable license fees, annual license fees, and subsequent milestone payments that we receive under our license agreements. Revenue generated from up-front license fees are recognized upon execution of the agreement. We recognize annual license fees when it is probable that a material reversal will not occur.

Milestone fees are variable consideration that is initially constrained and recognized only when it is probable that such amounts would not be reversed. The Company assesses when achievement of milestones are probable in order to determine the timing of revenue recognition for milestone fees. Milestones typically represent significant stages of development for our traits in a potential commercial product, such as achievement of specific technological targets, completion of field trials, filing with regulatory agencies, completion of the regulatory process, and commercial launch of a product containing our traits. Given the seasonality of agriculture and time required to progress from one milestone to the next, achievement of milestones is inherently uneven, and license revenues are likely to fluctuate significantly from period to period.

Operating Expenses

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues primarily relates to the sale of GoodWheat and Zola products and consists of the cost of raw materials, including internal and third-party services costs related to procuring, processing, formulating, packaging and shipping our products, as well as in-licensing and royalty fees, any adjustments or write-downs to inventory or prepaid production costs.

Research and development expenses ("R&D")

Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in the development and testing of our products and other products in development incorporating our traits. These expenses currently consist primarily of fees paid to product formulation consultants and are expensed as incurred. Additionally, the Company is required from time to time to make certain milestone payments in connection with the development of technologies in-licensed from third parties. The Company's research and development expenses may fluctuate from period to period.

Gain on sale of Verdeca

The gain on sale of Verdeca is the gain recognized for the sale of the Company's membership interests in the Verdeca joint venture to our partner Bioceres in November 2020.

Impairment of Intangible Assets

Impairments of intangible assets are recorded when the fair value of intangible assets drops below its carrying amount.

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Change in the fair value of contingent consideration is comprised of the fair value remeasurement of the liabilities associated with the Company's contingent consideration.

Gain on sale of property and equipment, net

Gain on sale of fixed assets includes gains from the sale of tangible assets sold above their net book value.

---

Impairment of property and equipment

Impairment of property and equipment, net includes losses from tangible assets due to impairment or recoverability test charges to write down fixed assets to their fair value or recoverability value.

Impairment of right-of-use ("ROU") assets

Impairment of ROU assets includes losses from right-of-use assets due to impairment or recoverability test charges to write down the ROU asset to their fair value or recoverability value.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee costs, professional service fees, broker and sales commission fees, and overhead costs. Our selling, general, and administrative expenses may fluctuate from period to period. In connection with our commercialization activities for our consumer products, we expect to increase our investments in sales and marketing, including additional consulting fees.

Interest income

Interest income consists of interest income on our cash and cash equivalents and investments.

Other income, net

Other income, net consists of miscellaneous income.

Valuation loss on March 2023 PIPE

Valuation loss on March 2023 PIPE includes the fair value in excess of gross proceeds and the increase in fair value related to the re-pricing of existing warrants.

Change in the estimated fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities

Change in the estimated fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities is comprised of the fair value remeasurement of the liabilities associated with our financing transactions.

Issuance and offering costs allocated to liability classified options

Issuance and offering costs generally include placement agent, legal, advisory, accounting and filing fees related to financing transactions.

Income tax expense

Our income tax provision has not been historically significant, as we have incurred losses since our inception. The provision for income taxes consists of state and foreign income taxes. Due to cumulative losses, we maintain a valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including but not limited to: earnings history, projected future outcomes, industry and market trends, and the nature of each of the deferred tax assets in assessing the extent to which a valuation allowance should be applied against our U.S. deferred tax assets.

Net loss from discontinued operations

Net loss from discontinued operations represents results of operations related to the discontinued body care brands. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for further information on discontinued operations.

---

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

 

		Year Ended December 31,								$ Change				% Change
		2023				2022
		(in thousands)
Revenues:
Product		$	5,313			$	6,422			$	(1,109	)			-17	%
License			17				879				(862	)			-98	%
Royalty			—				117				(117	)			-100	%
Total revenues			5,330				7,418				(2,088	)			-28	%
Operating expenses (income):
Cost of revenues			3,300				6,101				(2,801	)			-46	%
Research and development			1,387				1,509				(122	)			-8	%
Gain on sale of Verdeca			—				(1,138	)			1,138				100	%
Impairment of intangible assets			—				141				(141	)			-100	%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration			—				(70	)			70				-100	%
Gain on sale of property and equipment			(40	)			(314	)			274				-87	%
Impairment of property and equipment			—				160				(160	)			-100	%
Impairment of ROU asset			113				—				113				100	%
Selling, general and administrative			14,508				15,036				(528	)			-4	%
Total operating expenses			19,268				21,425				(2,157	)			-10	%
Loss from operations			(13,938	)			(14,007	)			69				0	%
Interest income			695				289				406				140	%
Other income, net			48				9				39				433	%
Valuation loss on March 2023 PIPE			(6,076	)			—				(6,076	)			-100	%
Change in fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities			6,544				3,209				3,335				104	%
Issuance and offering costs allocated to liability classified options			(430	)			(314	)			(116	)			37	%
Net loss from continuing operations before income taxes			(13,157	)			(10,814	)			(2,343	)			22	%
Income tax expense			(8	)			(14	)			6				-43	%
Net loss from continuing operations			(13,165	)			(10,828	)			(2,337	)			22	%
Net loss from discontinued operations			(821	)			(4,784	)			3,963				-83	%
Net loss			(13,986	)			(15,612	)			1,626				-10	%
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest			(5	)			(236	)			231				-98	%
Net loss attributable to common stockholders		$	(13,981	)		$	(15,376	)		$	1,395				-9	%

 

---

Revenues

Product revenues accounted for 100% and 87% of our total revenues in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The $1.1 million, or 17%, decrease in product revenues in 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily driven by 2022 GoodWheat grain sales.

License revenues accounted for 0% and 12% of our total revenues in 2023 and 2022, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized one-time license revenue of $862,000 related to the Verdeca-Bioceres licensing agreement discussed below.

Royalty revenues accounted for 0% and 2% of our total revenues in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The $117,000 of royalty revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022 represents the proportionate share of contracted minimum annual royalty fees that expired in 2022.

Operating expenses (income)

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues decreased by $2.8 million, or 46%, in 2023 compared to 2022. Cost of revenues during the year ended December 31, 2022 included GoodWheat grain sold at cost and higher inventory write-downs. Gross profit, calculated as total revenues less cost of revenues, was $2.0 million and $1.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in gross profit in 2023 is primarily due to the absence of sales of GoodWheat grain sold at cost in 2022.

Research and development

Research and development expenses decreased by $0.1 million, or 8%, in 2023 compared to 2022. The decrease was primarily driven by the Company's continued focus on commercialization, which has led to lower employee-related expenses and related activity costs.

Gain on sale of Verdeca

 

In February 2012, the Company partnered with Bioceres to form Verdeca, which we equally owned. Verdeca was formed to develop and deregulate soybean varieties using both partners’ agricultural technologies. In November 2020, Arcadia sold its membership interest in Verdeca to Bioceres in a transaction in which Arcadia received cash, shares of Bioceres stock and a royalty stream of up to $10.0 million on sales of Haab 4 ("HB4") soybean. An additional $2.0 million in cash is to be paid to Arcadia upon Verdeca achieving commercial plantings of at least 200,000 hectares of HB4 or China approving the HB4 soybean trait for “food and feed”. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized a gain on sale of Verdeca of $1.1 million related to the regulatory approval of the Haab 4 soybeans.

Impairment of intangible assets

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized impairments of intangible assets of $141,000 related to the Industrial Seed Innovations ("ISI") intangible assets. See Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements. There was no such impairment of intangible assets recognized during the year ended December 31, 2023.

---

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized a decrease in the fair value of the ISI contingent consideration liability due to its remeasurement. See Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements. There was no such change in fair value recognized during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Gain on sale of property and equipment

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company sold property and equipment for net proceeds exceeding book value by $40,000 and $314,000, respectively.

Impairment of property and equipment, net

 

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized $160,000 of impairments of property and equipment related to Archipelago. There was no impairment of property and equipment recognized during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Impairment of ROU assets

 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized $113,000 of impairment related to ROU assets. There was no impairment of ROU assets recognized during the year ended December 31, 2022.

 

Selling, General, and Administrative

Selling, general, and administrative expenses decreased by $0.5 million, or 4%, in 2023 compared to 2022 primarily driven by a decrease in employee compensation.

Interest income

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized interest income of $695,000 from investments as compared to $289,000 in 2022.

Other income, net

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized other income of $48,000 as compared to $9,000 in 2022.

Valuation loss on March 2023 PIPE

 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized a $6.1 million valuation loss related to the March 2023 PIPE financing transaction. The valuation loss includes the fair value in excess of gross proceeds and the increase in fair value related to the re-pricing of existing warrants.

 

Change in the estimated fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities

 

The change in the estimated fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities was $6.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 related to the change in the estimated fair value of the liability classified preferred investment options issued in connection with the March 2023 PIPE and August 2022 Registered Direct Offering financing transactions. The change in the estimated fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities was $3.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 related to the change in the estimated fair value of the liability classified preferred investment options issued in connection with the August 2022 Registered Direct Offering financing transaction.

---

Issuance and offering costs

Issuance and offering costs were $430,000 during the year ended December 31, 2023 and were related to the liability classified options issued in the March 2023 PIPE financing transaction. Issuance and offering costs were $314,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022 related to the August 2022 Registered Direct Offering financing transaction.

Income tax expense

The income tax provision resulted in an expense of $8,000 and $14,000 during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Net loss from discontinued operations

Net loss from discontinued operations was $821,000 and $4.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for further information on discontinued operations.

Seasonality

We and our commercial partners operate in different geographies around the world and conduct field trials used for data generation, which must be conducted during the appropriate growing seasons for particular crops and markets. Demand for coconut water products is generally higher in the summer months.

The level of seasonality in our business overall is difficult to evaluate at this time due to our relatively limited number of commercialized products, our expansion into new geographical markets and our introduction of new products and traits.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have funded our operations primarily with the net proceeds from our private and public offerings of our equity securities and debt, as well as proceeds from the sale of our products and payments under license agreements. Our principal use of cash is to fund our operations, which are primarily focused on commercializing our products. Our contractual obligations are primarily related to our operating leases for facilities, land and equipment. Refer to Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements for details of our leasing arrangements. As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $6.5 million and short-term investments of $5.1 million. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had net losses of $14.0 million and $15.6 million, respectively, and net cash used in operations of $15.3 million and $14.0 million, respectively.

Going Concern

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments will not be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for at least the next 12 months from the issuance date of our 2023 financial statements, and thus raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We may seek to raise additional funds through debt or equity financings, if necessary. We may also consider entering into additional partner arrangements. Any sale of additional equity would result in dilution to our stockholders. Our incurrence of debt would result in debt service obligations, and the instruments governing our debt could provide for additional operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. If we require additional funds and are not able to secure adequate additional funding, we may be forced to reduce our spending, extend payment terms with our suppliers, liquidate assets, or suspend or curtail planned product launches.

---

Any of these actions could materially harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Liquidity

The following table summarizes total current assets, current liabilities and working capital for the dates indicated (in thousands):

 

		As of December 31,
		2023				2022
Current assets		$	14,972			$	25,398
Current liabilities			3,590				4,209
Working capital surplus		$	11,382			$	21,189

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 

		Year Ended December 31,
		2023				2022
Net cash (used in) provided by:
Operating activities		$	(15,294	)		$	(13,977	)
Investing activities			(4,344	)			1,417
Financing activities			5,512				4,519
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		$	(14,126	)		$	(8,041	)

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $15.3 million. With respect to our net loss of $14.0 million, non-cash charges, including $430,000 of issuance and offering costs, $6.1 million of valuation loss recognized for the March 2023 PIPE, $717,000 of stock-based compensation, $697,000 of lease amortization, $287,000 of depreciation, $444,000 of write-downs of inventory and $113,000 of impairment of ROU assets, were offset by the change in fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities of $6.5 million, adjustments in our working capital accounts of $2.7 million, a gain on disposal of property and equipment of $40,000, and operating lease payments of $764,000.

Cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $14.0 million. With respect to our net loss of $15.6 million, non-cash charges including $1.1 million of stock-based compensation, $884,000 of lease amortization, $2.5 million of write-downs of inventory, $530,000 of impairment of property and equipment, $314,000 of issuance and offering costs, $404,000 of impairment of intangible assets, $439,000 of depreciation, and $1.0 million adjustments in our working capital accounts were offset by $3.2 million for the change in fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities, gain on sale of Verdeca of $1.1 million, $314,000 of net gain on disposal of property and equipment, and operating lease payments of $932,000.

Cash flows from investing activities

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 consisted of proceeds of $115,000 from the sale of property and equipment, proceeds of $569,000 from the sale of Verdeca, and proceeds of $2.5 million from the sale of investments, offset by $5,000 of purchases of property and equipment and $7.5 million of purchases of investments.

Cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 of $1.4 million primarily consisted of $920,000 of proceeds from sales of property and equipment, $569,000 proceeds from sale of Verdeca, partially offset by $72,000 of purchases of property and equipment.

---

Cash flows from financing activities

Cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 consisted of gross proceeds of $6.0 million from the March 2023 PIPE financing transaction and proceeds from the purchase of ESPP shares of $12,000, which were offset by payments of transaction costs related to the March 2023 PIPE financing transaction of $497,000.

Cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 of $4.5 million consisted of proceeds from the issuance of common stock relating to the August 2022 RDO financing transaction of $5.0 million gross proceeds and proceeds from the purchase of ESPP shares of $7,000, which were offset by payments of transaction costs related to the August 2022 RDO financing transaction of $488,000.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Since our inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements, including the use of structured finance, special purpose entities or variable interest entities, other than Verdeca, a joint venture sold in November 2020.

Critical Accounting Polices and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenue generated, and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We consider our critical accounting policies and estimates to be revenue recognition, determination of the provision for income taxes, and net realizable value of inventory.

Revenue recognition

We recognize revenue when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. See Note 2 for further detail on each of the below revenue streams.

We generally recognize product revenues once passage of title has occurred, which is generally upon delivery. Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are recorded as revenues and included in cost of revenues at the time the sale is recognized.

We have determined that, at the inception of each license agreement, there is only one deliverable for the license for access to and assistance with the development of the specified intellectual property. We recognize revenue up-front and annual license fees in full when it is deemed probable to be earned.

We recognize royalty revenue when the Company can reasonably determine the amounts earned.

We recognize revenue related to milestone payments when it is probable that such amounts would not be reversed.

---

Determination of the provision for income taxes

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and the tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Net realizable value of inventory

Inventory costs are tracked on a lot-identified basis, valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value and are included as cost of revenues when sold. We compare the cost of inventories with market value and write down inventories to net realizable value, if lower. We write down inventory when conditions indicate that the net realizable value may be less than cost due to physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels or other factors. Additionally, we provide reserves for excess and slow-moving inventory to its estimated net realizable value. The inventory write-downs are based upon estimates about future demand from our customers and distributors and market conditions. Future events that could significantly influence our judgment and related estimates include conditions in target markets, introduction of new products or changes to current or future competitor products.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For discussions of the adoption and potential impacts of recently issued accounting standards, refer to Note 3 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not applicable.

---

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	33
Consolidated Balance Sheets	35
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	36
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity	37
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	38
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	39

 

---

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has an accumulated deficit, recurring net losses and net cash used in operations, and resources that will not be sufficient to meet its anticipated cash requirements, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

---

GoodWheat Inventory Valuation – Refer to Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

GoodWheat inventories are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Management periodically evaluates the carrying value of inventories in relation to the forecasts of product demand, which takes into consideration the estimated marketability and salability of products. When quantities on hand exceed forecasted demand, regulatory changes occur, or quality specifications are not met, a write-down is recorded for such inventories. Changes in assumptions of forecasted product demand could have a significant impact on the amount of inventory valuation, and any related write-downs.

Given the significant judgments made by management in forecasting product demand, including the impact of product marketability and salability, auditing the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures over GoodWheat inventory valuation included the following, among others:

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Tempe, Arizona

March 28, 2024

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2007.

---

Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share data)

 

		As of December 31,
		2023				2022
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	6,518			$	20,644
Short-term investments			5,124				—
Accounts receivable and other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts    of $0 and $3 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively			514				1,221
Inventories, net — current			1,958				2,321
Assets held for sale			51				87
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			807				795
Current assets of discontinued operations			—				330
Total current assets			14,972				25,398
Property and equipment, net			384				680
Right of use assets			792				1,848
Inventories, net — noncurrent			3,354				767
Intangible assets, net			39				40
Other noncurrent assets			164				165
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations			—				24
Total assets		$	19,705			$	28,922
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		$	2,410			$	2,855
Amounts due to related parties			58				48
Operating lease liability — current			852				1,010
Other current liabilities			270				270
Current liabilities of discontinued operations			—				26
Total current liabilities			3,590				4,209
Operating lease liability — noncurrent			155				1,007
Common stock warrant and option liabilities			1,257				806
Other noncurrent liabilities			2,000				2,000
Total liabilities			7,002				8,022
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value—150,000,000 shares authorized as of    December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022; 1,285,337 and 616,079 shares    issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022,    respectively.			65				65
Additional paid-in capital			284,515				278,827
Accumulated other comprehensive income			101				—
Accumulated deficit			(271,840	)			(257,859	)
Total Arcadia Biosciences stockholders’ equity			12,841				21,033
Non-controlling interest			(138	)			(133	)
Total stockholders' equity			12,703				20,900
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	19,705			$	28,922

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

---

Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(In thousands, except share and share data)

 

		Year Ended December 31,
		2023				2022
Revenues:
Product		$	5,313			$	6,422
License			17				879
Royalty			—				117
Total revenues			5,330				7,418
Operating expenses (income):
Cost of revenues			3,300				6,101
Research and development			1,387				1,509
Gain on sale of Verdeca			—				(1,138	)
Impairment of intangible assets			—				141
Change in fair value of contingent consideration			—				(70	)
Gain on sale of property and equipment			(40	)			(314	)
Impairment of property and equipment			—				160
Impairment of ROU asset			113				—
Selling, general and administrative			14,508				15,036
Total operating expenses			19,268				21,425
Loss from operations			(13,938	)			(14,007	)
Interest income			695				289
Other income, net			48				9
Valuation loss on March 2023 PIPE			(6,076	)			—
Change in fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities			6,544				3,209
Issuance and offering costs allocated to liability classified options			(430	)			(314	)
Net loss from continuing operations before income taxes			(13,157	)			(10,814	)
Income tax expense			(8	)			(14	)
Net loss from continuing operations			(13,165	)			(10,828	)
Net loss from discontinued operations			(821	)			(4,784	)
Net loss			(13,986	)			(15,612	)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest			(5	)			(236	)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders		$	(13,981	)		$	(15,376	)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic and diluted from continuing operations		$	(10.64	)		$	(17.67	)
Basic and diluted from discontinued operations		$	(0.66	)		$	(7.98	)
Weighted-average number of shares used in per share calculations:
Basic and diluted			1,236,934				599,389
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities		$	101			$	—
Other comprehensive income		$	101			$	—
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders		$	(13,880	)		$	(15,376	)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

---

Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except share data)

 

 

		Common Stock								Additional Paid-In Capital				Accumulated Deficit				Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income				Non-controlling Interest				Total Stockholders’ Equity
		Shares				Amount
Balance at December 31, 2021			554,609			$	63			$	257,515			$	(226,485	)		$	—			$	103			$	31,196
Reclassification upon adoption of ASU 2020-06			—				—				19,390				(15,998	)			—				—				3,392
Issuance of shares related to August 2022 Offering			61,250				2				1,174				—				—				—				1,176
Offering costs related to August 2022 Offering			—				—				(365	)			—				—				—				(365	)
Issuance of shares related to employee stock    purchase plan			220				—				7				—				—				—				7
Stock-based compensation			—				—				1,106				—				—				—				1,106
Net loss			—				—				—				(15,376	)			—				(236	)			(15,612	)
Balance at December 31, 2022			616,079			$	65			$	278,827			$	(257,859	)		$	—			$	(133	)		$	20,900
Issuance of shares related to March 2023 PIPE			165,500				—				4,740				—				—				—				4,740
Modification of warrants related to March 2023 PIPE			—				—				219				—				—				—				219
Issuance of shares related to August 2022 pre-funded warrants exercise			56,813				—				—				—				—				—				—
Issuance of shares related to March 2023 pre-funded warrants exercise			425,834				—				—				—				—				—				—
Issuance of shares related to employee stock    purchase plan			1,993				—				12				—				—				—				12
Issuance of shares related to reverse stock split			19,118				—				—				—				—				—				—
Stock-based compensation			—				—				717				—				—				—				717
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities			—				—				—				—				101				—				101
Net loss			—				—				—				(13,981	)			—				(5	)			(13,986	)
Balance at December 31, 2023			1,285,337			$	65			$	284,515			$	(271,840	)		$	101			$	(138	)		$	12,703

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

---

Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

 

		Year Ended December 31,
		2023				2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss		$	(13,986	)		$	(15,612	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities:
Change in fair value of common stock warrant and option liabilities			(6,544	)			(3,209	)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration			—				(70	)
Issuance and offering costs allocated to liability classified options			430				314
Valuation loss on March 2023 PIPE			6,076				—
Depreciation			287				439
Amortization of intangible assets			—				40
Lease amortization			697				884
Impairment of intangible assets			—				404
Gain on disposal of equipment			(40	)			(314	)
Stock-based compensation			717				1,106
Bad debt expense			20				60
Gain on sale of Verdeca			—				(1,138	)
Write-down of inventories			444				2,471
Impairment of property and equipment			—				530
Impairment of ROU asset			113				—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable and other receivables			184				592
Inventories			(2,419	)			1,118
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			1				91
Other noncurrent assets			2				16
Accounts payable and accrued expenses			(522	)			(757	)
Amounts due to related parties			10				(16	)
Other current liabilities			—				6
Operating lease payments			(764	)			(932	)
Net cash used in operating activities			(15,294	)			(13,977	)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment			115				920
Proceeds from sale of Verdeca — earn-out received			569				569
Proceeds from sale of investments			2,502				—
Purchases of property and equipment			(5	)			(72	)
Purchases of investments			(7,525	)			—
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities			(4,344	)			1,417
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, pre-funded warrants and    preferred investment options from March 2023 PIPE			5,997				—
Payments of offering costs relating to March 2023 PIPE			(497	)			—
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, pre-funded warrants and    preferred investment options from August 2022 Offering			—				5,000
Payments of offering costs relating to August 2022 Offering			—				(488	)
Proceeds from ESPP purchases			12				7
Net cash provided by financing activities			5,512				4,519
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents			(14,126	)			(8,041	)
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period			20,644				28,685
Cash and cash equivalents — end of period		$	6,518			$	20,644
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest		$	—			$	1
NONCASH TRANSACTIONS:
Common stock warrant liabilities reclassified to equity upon adoption of ASU 2020-06		$	—			$	3,392
Common stock options issued to placement agent and included in offering    costs related to August 2022 RDO securities purchase agreement		$	—			$	191
Common stock options issued to placement agent and included in offering costs related to March 2023 PIPE		$	212			$	—
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		$	—			$	114
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment in accounts receivable and other receivables		$	8			$	19
Proceeds from sale of Verdeca in accounts receivable and other receivables		$	—			$	569
Warrant and option modifications included in Valuation loss on March 2023 PIPE		$	404			$	—

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

---

Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

---

 

---

 

---

---

---

 

---

 

 

---

---

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

 

 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of December 31, 2023, Arcadia’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act) were evaluated, with the participation of Arcadia’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to assess whether they are effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Arcadia in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. Based on this evaluation, Stanley E. Jacot Jr., Arcadia’s principal executive officer, and Thomas J. Schaefer, Arcadia’s principal financial officer, concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2023.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)). Arcadia’s management, including Stanley E. Jacot Jr., its principal executive officer, and Thomas J. Schaefer, its principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of Arcadia’s internal control over financial reporting using the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this evaluation, management concluded that Arcadia’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our most recently completed fiscal quarter. Based on that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that there has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting during that quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Item 9B. Other Information.

No director or officer of the Company adopted, modified or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K) during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

None.

---

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The information required by this item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Schedule 14A in connection with our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”), which is expected to be filed no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, under the headings “Executive Officers,” “Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

The Company has adopted a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, officers, and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. A current copy of the code is posted on the Corporate Governance section of our website, which is located at www.arcadiabio.com. If Arcadia makes any substantive amendments to, or grant any waivers from, the code of business conduct and ethics for our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller or persons performing similar functions, or any officer or director, the Company will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on our website or in a current report on Form 8-K.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

The information required by this item will be contained in Proxy Statement under the headings “Executive Compensation” and “Director Compensation,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The information required by this item will be contained in Proxy Statement under the headings “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information required by this item will be contained in Proxy Statement under the headings “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions” and “Corporate Governance,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

The information required by this item will be contained in Proxy Statement under the heading “Ratification of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm-Principal Accounting Fees and Services,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

Auditor Firm Id: 34	Auditor Name: Deloitte & Touche LLP	Auditor Location: Tempe, AZ, United States

 

---

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

The financial statements schedules and exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are as follows:

(a)(1) Financial Statements

Reference is made to the financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II hereof.

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

All other schedules are omitted because they are not required or the required information is included in the statements or notes thereto.

(a)(3) Exhibits

Reference is made to the Exhibit Index accompanying this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.

Not applicable.

 

 

Exhibit Index

 

				Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number		Exhibit Description		Form		File No.		Exhibit		Filing Date		Filed Herewith
3.1		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant.		8-K		001-37383		3.1		5/26/2015
3.2		Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant.		8-K		001-37383		3.1		2/28/2023
3.3		Certificate of Designation of Series A Preferred Stock.		8-K		001-37383		3.1		12/8/2022
3.4		Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant.		8-K		001-37383		3.2		5/26/2015
3.5		Amendment to the Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant.		8-K		001-37383		3.2		12/8/2022
4.1		Form of Registrant’s common stock certificate.		S-3		333-224061		4.1		3/30/2018
4.2		Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		3/23/2018
4.3		Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		6/14/2019
4.4		Form of Placement Agent Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		6/14/2019
4.5		Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		9/9/2019
4.6		Form of Placement Agent Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		9/9/2019

---

4.7		Description of Registrant’s Securities Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.										X
4.8		Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		5/18/2020
4.9		Form of Placement Agent Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		5/18/2020
4.10		Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		7/8/2020
4.11		Form of Placement Agent Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		7/8/2020
4.12		Form of Investor Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		12/22/2020
4.13		Form of Placement Agent Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		12/22/2020
4.14		Form of Investor Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		1/29/2021
4.15		Form of Placement Agent Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		1/29/2021
4.16		Form of Investor Pre-Funded Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		8/16/2022
4.17		Form of Investor Preferred Investment Option.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		8/16/2022
4.18		Form of Placement Agent Preferred Investment Option.		8-K		001-37383		4.3		8/16/2022
4.19		Form of Pre-Funded Warrant.		8-K		001-37383		4.1		3/3/2023
4.20		Form of Series A Preferred Investment Option.		8-K		001-37383		4.2		3/3/2023
4.21		Form of Series B Preferred Investment Option.		8-K		001-37383		4.3		3/3/2023
4.22		Form of Placement Agent Preferred Investment Option.		8-K		001-37383		4.4		3/3/2023
10.1*		Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and each of its Officers and Directors.		S-1		333-202124		10.7		2/17/2015
10.2*		2006 Stock Plan, as amended and restated, and form of agreement thereunder.		S-1		333-202124		10.8		2/17/2015
10.3*		2015 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan and forms of agreement thereunder.		S-1		333-232858		10.9		7/26/2019
10.4*		2015 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and form of agreement thereunder.		S-1/A		333-202124		10.10		5/11/2015
10.5*		Executive Incentive Bonus Plan.		S-1/A		333-202124		10.15		5/11/2015
10.6*		Amended and Restated Director Compensation Policy.		10-Q		001-37383		10.14		5/10/2016
10.7*		Form of Severance and Change in Control Agreement.		S-1/A		333-202124		10.18		4/6/2015

---

10.8		Base Office Lease dated March 17, 2003 between the Registrant and Pac West Office Equities, LP, including Amendments 1-7.		S-1		333-229047		10.16		12/27/2018
10.9		Amendment No. 8 to the Office Lease dated March 17, 2003 between the Registrant and Pac West Office Equities, LP.		10-Q		001-37383		10.8		5/13/2020
10.10		Amendment No. 9 to the Office Lease dated March 17, 2003 between the Registrant and Pac West Office Equities, LP.		10-Q		001-37383		10.2		8/13/2020
10.11*		Employment Letter for Stanley E. Jacot Jr., Chief Executive Officer.		10-Q		001-37383		10.1		5/12/2022
10.12*		Severance and Change in Control Agreement for Stanley E. Jacot, Jr.		10-Q		001-37383		10.1		5/12/2022
10.13*		Inducement Option Grant for Stanley E. Jacot, Jr.		10-Q		001-37383		10.2		5/12/2022
10.14*		Employment Letter and Severance and Change in Control Agreement for Thomas J. Schaefer.		8-K/A		001-37383		10.1		1/5/2023
10.15+		Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement for Archipelago Ventures Hawaii, LLC, dated as of August 9, 2019.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		8/9/2019
10.16		Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of March 19, 2018, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named in the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		3/23/2018
10.17		Form of Registration Rights Agreement.		8-K		001-37383		10.2		3/23/2018
10.18		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of June 11, 2018, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named in the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		6/14/2018
10.19		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of June 12, 2019, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named in the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		6/14/2019
10.20		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of September 5, 2019, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named in the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		9/9/2019
10.21		Form of Letter Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2020.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		5/18/2020
10.22		Form of Letter Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2020.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		7/8/2020

---

10.23		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of December 18, 2020, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named on the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		12/22/2020
10.24		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of January 25, 2021, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named on the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		1/29/2021
10.25		Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated as of January 25, 2021, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named on the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.2		1/29/2021
10.26		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2022, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named on the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		8/16/2022
10.27		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of March 2, 2023, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named on the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		3/3/2023
10.28		Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated as of March 2, 2023, between Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. and each purchaser named on the signature pages thereto.		8-K		001-37383		10.2		3/3/2023
10.29		Form of Investment Option Amendment, dated as of March 2, 2023.		8-K		001-37383		10.3		3/3/2023
10.30+		Master Transaction Agreement.		8-K		001-37383		10.2		12/22/2020
10.31+		Asset Purchase Agreement dated May 17, 2021, by and among Arcadia, Buyer, Seller, Eko, Lief, Zola and Parent.		8-K		001-37383		10.1		5/21/2021
21.1		List of subsidiaries of the Registrant.		S-1		333-262407		21.1		1/28/2022
23.1		Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.										X
24.1		Power of attorney (included in the signature page to this filing).										X
31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.										X
31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,										X

---

as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

X

32.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

X

97.1

Dodd-Frank Clawback Policy.

X

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document.

X

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

X

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

X

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

X

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

X

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

X

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL Document).

X

 

* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

+ Certain information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the registrant if publicly disclosed.

---

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

	ARCADIA BIOSCIENCES, INC.
Date: March 28, 2024	By:	/s/ STANLEY E. JACOT JR.
		Stanley E. Jacot Jr.
		President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: March 28, 2024	By:	/s/ THOMAS J. SCHAEFER
		Thomas J. Schaefer
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

Each person whose individual signature appears below hereby authorizes and appoints Stanley Jacot Jr. with full power of substitution and resubstitution and full power to act without the other, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent to act in his or her name, place and stead and to execute in the name and on behalf of each person, individually and in each capacity stated below, and to file any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing, ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Name		Title		Date
/s/ STANLEY E. JACOT JR.
Stanley E. Jacot Jr.		Director		March 28, 2024
/s/ ALBERT B. BOLLES
Albert D. Bolles		Director		March 28, 2024
/s/ KEVIN COMCOWICH
Kevin Comcowich		Director		March 28, 2024
/s/ LILIAN SHACKELFORD MURRAY
Lilian Shackelford Murray		Director		March 28, 2024
/s/ GREGORY D. WALLER
Gregory D. Waller		Director		March 28, 2024
/s/ AMY YODER
Amy Yoder		Director		March 28, 2024
/s/ DEBORAH D. CAROSELLA
Deborah D. Carosella		Director		March 28, 2024

 

---