Exhibit 99.1

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. ANNOUNCES SECOND QUARTER 2023 RESULTS

WARSAW, N.Y., July 27, 2023 – Financial Institutions, Inc. (NASDAQ: FISI) (the “Company,” “we” or “us”), parent company of Five Star Bank (the “Bank”), SDN Insurance Agency, LLC (“SDN”) and Courier Capital, LLC (“Courier Capital”), today reported financial and operational results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2023.

Net income was $14.4 million for the second quarter of 2023, compared to $12.1 million in the first quarter of 2023 and $15.6 million in the second quarter of 2022. After preferred dividends, net income available to common shareholders was $14.0 million, or $0.91 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2023, compared to $11.7 million, or $0.76 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2023, and $15.3 million, or $0.99 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2022. The Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $3.2 million in the current quarter, compared to $4.2 million in the linked quarter and $563 thousand in the prior year quarter.

Second Quarter 2023 Highlights:

“Our second quarter performance included incremental loan growth, which helped to partially offset ongoing funding cost pressures impacting our industry, as well as the continuation of solid credit quality metrics that reflect our long-term commitment to credit disciplined loan growth,” said President and Chief Executive Officer Martin K. Birmingham. “We continue to believe that 2023 loan growth will be concentrated in the first half of the year, with commercial mortgage originations expected to slow significantly as a result of softer demand given economic conditions and higher liquidity premiums in our pricing models. Our consumer and commercial loan portfolios continue to demonstrate stability and acceptable performance despite the volatility associated with the higher interest rate environment. Credit quality remains very strong, as measured by our ratios of annualized charge-offs to average loans for commercial mortgage loans standing at zero basis points and our consumer indirect charge-off ratio improving to 12 basis points for the quarter.

“During the second quarter, we also took steps to better position our wealth management business for growth by combining our registered investment advisory firms under the Courier Capital name. The merger enhances the size and scale of Courier Capital within our footprint, including in Buffalo, Rochester and across Upstate New York, thereby expanding the spectrum of opportunities where we can compete.

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It also streamlines our business development efforts with respect to institutional clients, retirement plan sponsors and high-net-worth individuals and families. Our wealth business has and will continue to be an important driver of noninterest income and overall revenue diversity.”

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer W. Jack Plants II added, “Heading into the second half of the year, we are maintaining a strong focus on deposit generation. We launched a new marketing campaign this week and are beginning to see some of our anticipated Banking-as-a-Service, or BaaS, deposits come on. While we experienced continued margin compression in the second quarter, it was at a more modest level than during the linked quarter. We have observed a slowing of prepayments across all asset classes; however, we continue to expect loan and investment cash flow of approximately $1 billion over the next 12-months given the pace of loan originations during the first half of 2023.”

Merger of Courier Capital and HNP Capital

On May 1, 2023, the Company announced the completion of the merger of its wholly-owned SEC-registered investment advisory firms, under which HNP Capital merged with and into Courier Capital. As one of the largest registered investment advisory firms in Western New York, with assets under management of approximately $2.75 billion at June 30, 2023, Courier Capital provides customized investment management, financial planning and consulting services to individuals and families, businesses, institutions, non-profits and retirement plans.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin

Net interest income was $42.3 million for the second quarter of 2023, an increase of $522 thousand from the first quarter of 2023 and an increase of $740 thousand from the second quarter of 2022.

Average interest-earning assets for the current quarter were $5.69 billion, an increase of $205.8 million from the first quarter of 2023 due to a $208.5 million increase in average loans and a $29.6 million increase in the average balance of Federal Reserve interest-earning cash, partially offset by a $32.3 million decrease in the average balance of investment securities. Average interest-earning assets for the current quarter were $445.3 million higher than the second quarter of 2022 due to a $559.6 million increase in average loans and a $32.5 million increase in the average balance of Federal Reserve interest-earning cash, partially offset by a $146.9 million decrease in the average balance of investment securities.

Average interest-bearing liabilities for the current quarter were $4.43 billion, an increase of $247.5 million from the first quarter of 2023, primarily due to a $149.4 million increase in average short-term borrowings and a $124.5 million increase in average time deposits, partially offset by a $31.5 million decrease in average interest-bearing demand deposits. Average interest-bearing liabilities for the second quarter of 2023 were $489.5 million higher than the year-ago quarter, primarily due to a $551.7 milion increase in average time deposits and a $200.7 million increase in average short-term borrowings, partially offset by a $222.9 million decrease in average savings and money market accounts, and a $90.4 million decrease in average interest-bearing demand deposits.

Net interest margin was 2.99% in the current quarter as compared to 3.09% in the first quarter of 2023 and 3.19% in the second quarter of 2022, primarily as a result of a shift in the deposit mix from lower cost transactional accounts to higher cost time deposits, as customers responded to the rising interest rate environment, as well as seasonality and repricing within the public deposit portfolio, partially offset by an increase in the average yield on interest-earnings assets.

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income was $11.5 million for the second quarter of 2023, an increase of $542 thousand from the first quarter of 2023 and an increase of $106 thousand from the second quarter of 2022.

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Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense was $33.8 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $33.7 million in the first quarter of 2023 and $32.9 million in the second quarter of 2022.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $2.4 million for the second quarter of 2023 compared to $2.8 million in the first quarter of 2023 and $3.9 million in the second quarter of 2022. The Company recognized federal and state tax benefits related to tax credit investments placed in service and/or amortized during the second quarter of 2023, first quarter of 2023, and second quarter of 2022, resulting in income tax expense reductions of $761 thousand, $584 thousand, and $426 thousand, respectively.

The effective tax rate was 14.4% for the second quarter of 2023, 18.7% for the first quarter of 2023, and 19.8% for the second quarter of 2022. The effective tax rate fluctuates on a quarterly basis primarily due to the level of pre-tax earnings and may differ from statutory rates because of interest income from tax-exempt securities, earnings on company owned life insurance and the impact of tax credit investments.

Balance Sheet and Capital Management

Total assets were $6.14 billion at June 30, 2023, up $174.3 million from March 31, 2023, and up $573.1 million from June 30, 2022.

Investment securities were $1.07 billion at June 30, 2023, down $53.5 million from March 31, 2023, and down $189.9 million from June 30, 2022. The decline in the linked quarter portfolio balance was driven by the use of portfolio cash flow to fund loan originations. The decrease from June 30, 2022 was primarily the result of a decrease in the market value of the portfolio due to rising interest rates combined with the use of portfolio cash flow to fund loan originations.

Total loans were $4.40 billion at June 30, 2023, up $154.5 million, or 3.6%, from March 31, 2023, and up $633.8 million, or 16.8%, from June 30, 2022.

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Total deposits were $5.03 billion at June 30, 2023, $106.4 million lower than March 31, 2023, and $214.3 million higher than June 30, 2022. The decrease from March 31, 2023 was primarily the result of a seasonal decrease in public deposits. The increase from June 30, 2022 was primarily driven by increases in reciprocal and brokered deposits. Public deposit balances represented 20% of total deposits at June 30, 2023, 23% at March 31, 2023 and 21% at June 30, 2022.

Short-term borrowings were $374.0 million at June 30, 2023, compared to $116.0 million at March 31, 2023 and $109.0 million at June 30, 2022. Short-term borrowings and brokered deposits have historically been utilized to manage the seasonality of public deposits.

Shareholders’ equity was $425.9 million at June 30, 2023, compared to $422.8 million at March 31, 2023, and $425.8 million at June 30, 2022. Shareholders’ equity has been negatively impacted since 2022 by an increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss associated with unrealized losses in the available for sale securities portfolio. Management believes the unrealized losses are temporary in nature, as they are associated with the increase in interest rates. The securities portfolio continues to generate cash flow and given the high quality of the agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio, management expects the bonds to ultimately mature at a terminal value equivalent to par.

Common book value per share was $26.53 at June 30, 2023, an increase of $0.15, or 0.6%, from $26.38 at March 31, 2023, and a decrease of $0.11, or 0.4%, from $26.64 at June 30, 2022. Tangible common book value per share(1) was $21.79 at June 30, 2023, an increase of $0.18, or 0.8%, from $21.62 at March 31, 2023, and a decrease of $0.03, or 0.1%, from $21.82 at June 30, 2022. The common equity to assets ratio was 6.65% at June 30, 2023, compared to 6.80% at March 31, 2023, and 7.34% at June 30, 2022. Tangible common equity to tangible assets(1), or the TCE ratio, was 5.53%, 5.64% and 6.09% at June 30, 2023, March 31, 2023, and June 30, 2022, respectively. The primary driver of variations in all four measures for the comparable linked and year-ago periods was the previously described changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss.

During the second quarter of 2023, the Company declared a common stock dividend of $0.30 per common share, consistent with the linked quarter and representing an increase of 3.4% over the prior year quarter. The dividend returned 33.0% of second quarter net income to common shareholders.

The Company’s regulatory capital ratios at June 30, 2023 continued to exceed all regulatory capital requirements to be considered well capitalized.

Credit Quality

Non-performing loans were $9.9 million, or 0.23% of total loans, at June 30, 2023, as compared to $8.8 million, or 0.21% of total loans, at March 31, 2023, and $6.5 million, or 0.17% of total loans, at June 30, 2022. Net charge-offs were $636 thousand, representing 0.06% of average loans on an annualized basis, for the current quarter, as compared to net charge-offs of $2.1 million, or an annualized 0.21% of average loans, in the first quarter of 2023 and net recoveries of $1.0 million, or an annualized 0.11%, in the second quarter of 2022. As previously disclosed, during the second quarter of 2022, the Company recovered $2.0 million in connection with the pay-off of a commercial loan that was downgraded to non-performing status with a partial charge-off in the fourth quarter of 2021.

At June 30, 2023, the allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans ratio was 1.13%, compared to 1.12% at March 31, 2023, and 1.13% at June 30, 2022.

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Provision for credit losses on loans was $2.9 million in the current quarter, compared to $4.2 million in the first quarter of 2023 and $446 thousand in the second quarter of 2022. The allowance for unfunded commitments, also included in provision for credit losses as required by the current expected credit loss standard (“CECL”), increased by $287 thousand in the second quarter of 2023, $11 thousand in the first quarter of 2023, and $119 thousand in the second quarter of 2022. Provision for credit losses for the second quarter of 2023 reflected the impact of strong loan growth and a modest increase in the national unemployment forecast, partially offset by low levels of net charge-offs and a reduction in overall specific reserve levels. In the second quarter of 2022, the loan loss provision was impacted by the previously mentioned $2.0 million commercial loan recovery.

The Company has remained strategically focused on the importance of credit discipline, allocating what it believes are the necessary resources to credit and risk management functions as the loan portfolio has grown. The ratio of allowance for credit losses on loans to non-performing loans was 503% at June 30, 2023, 540% at March 31, 2023, and 648% at June 30, 2022.

Subsequent Events

The Company is required, under generally accepted accounting principles, to evaluate subsequent events through the filing of its consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, on Form 10-Q. As a result, the Company will continue to evaluate the impact of any subsequent events on critical accounting assumptions and estimates made as of June 30, 2023, and will adjust amounts preliminarily reported, if necessary.

Conference Call

The Company will host an earnings conference call and audio webcast on July 28, 2023 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time. The call will be hosted by Martin K. Birmingham, President and Chief Executive Officer, and W. Jack Plants II, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. The live webcast will be available in listen-only mode on the Company’s website at www.FISI-investors.com. Within the United States, listeners may also access the call by dialing 1-833-470-1428 and providing the access code 588237. The webcast replay will be available on the Company’s website for at least 30 days.

About Financial Institutions, Inc.

Financial Institutions, Inc. (NASDAQ: FISI) is an innovative financial holding company with approximately $6.1 billion in assets offering banking, insurance and wealth management products and services through a network of subsidiaries. Its Five Star Bank subsidiary provides consumer and commercial banking and lending services to individuals, municipalities and businesses through its Western and Central New York branch network and its Mid-Atlantic commercial loan production office serving the Baltimore and Washington, D.C. region. SDN Insurance Agency, LLC provides a broad range of insurance services to personal and business clients, while Courier Capital, LLC offers customized investment management, consulting and retirement plan services to individuals, businesses, institutions, foundations and retirement plans. Learn more at five-starbank.com and FISI-investors.com.

Non-GAAP Financial Information

In addition to results presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), this press release contains certain non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to GAAP measures is included in Appendix A to this document.

The Company believes that providing certain non-GAAP financial measures provides investors with information useful in understanding our financial performance, performance trends and financial position. Our management uses these measures for internal planning and forecasting purposes and we believe that our presentation and discussion, together with the accompanying reconciliations, allows investors, security analysts and other interested parties to view our performance and the factors and trends affecting our business in a manner similar to management. These non-GAAP measures should not be considered a substitute for GAAP measures, and we strongly encourage investors to review our consolidated financial statements in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate the Company. Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations, are not uniformly applied and are not audited. Because non-GAAP financial measures are not standardized, it may not be possible to compare these financial measures with other companies’ non-GAAP financial measures having the same or similar names.

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Safe Harbor Statement

This press release may contain forward-looking statements as defined by Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve significant risks and uncertainties. In this context, forward-looking statements often address our expected future business and financial performance and financial condition, and often contain words such as “believe,” "continue," “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “plan,” “preliminary,” “should,” or “will.” Statements herein are based on certain assumptions and analyses by the Company and factors it believes are appropriate in the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from those contained in or implied by such statements for a variety of reasons including, but not limited to: changes in interest rates; inflation; changes in deposit flows and the cost and availability of funds; the Company’s ability to implement its strategic plan, including by expanding its commercial lending footprint and integrating its acquisitions; whether the Company experiences greater credit losses than expected; whether the Company experiences breaches of its, or third party, information systems; the attitudes and preferences of the Company’s customers; legal and regulatory proceedings and related matters, including any action described in our reports filed with the SEC, could adversely affect us and the banking industry in general; the competitive environment; fluctuations in the fair value of securities in its investment portfolio; changes in the regulatory environment and the Company’s compliance with regulatory requirements; and general economic and credit market conditions nationally and regionally; and the macroeconomic volatility related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or global political unrest. Consequently, all forward-looking statements made herein are qualified by these cautionary statements and the cautionary language in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other documents filed with the SEC. Except as required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to revise these statements following the date of this press release.

(1) See Appendix A — Reconciliation to Non-GAAP Financial Measures for the computation of this non-GAAP financial measure.

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For additional information contact:

Kate Croft

Director of Investor and External Relations

(716) 817-5159

klcroft@five-starbank.com
 

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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC.
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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC.
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