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_______________________

_______________________

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including area code: (781) 792-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐  No ☒

The number of shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, of the registrant outstanding at October 27, 2023 was 54,086,261.

						Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
						September 30,												September 30,
						2023						2022						2023						2022
Revenues:
Service revenues						$	1,129,216					$	1,073,810					$	3,341,539					$	3,100,914
Product revenues						236,480						289,276						729,444						787,593
Total revenues						1,365,696						1,363,086						4,070,983						3,888,507
Cost of revenues: (exclusive of items shown separately below)
Service revenues						765,004						738,041						2,288,199						2,168,025
Product revenues						178,947						172,607						534,778						484,481
Total cost of revenues						943,951						910,648						2,822,977						2,652,506
Selling, general and administrative expenses						171,019						151,711						505,154						458,492
Accretion of environmental liabilities						3,388						3,246						10,281						9,599
Depreciation and amortization						92,970						88,394						267,425						260,560
Income from operations						154,368						209,087						465,146						507,350
Other income (expense), net						334						104						(833)						2,073
Loss on early extinguishment of debt						—						—						(2,362)						—
Gain on sale of business						—						—						—						8,864
Interest expense, net of interest income of $2,877, $1,103, $7,833 and $2,159, respectively						(29,696)						(28,081)						(80,400)						(79,354)
Income before provision for income taxes						125,006						181,110						381,551						438,933
Provision for income taxes						33,666						45,311						102,044						109,663
Net income						$	91,340					$	135,799					$	279,507					$	329,270
Earnings per share:
Basic						$	1.69					$	2.51					$	5.17					$	6.07
Diluted						$	1.68					$	2.50					$	5.14					$	6.04
Shares used to compute earnings per share - Basic						54,122						54,111						54,097						54,278
Shares used to compute earnings per share - Diluted						54,419						54,381						54,411						54,542

    

The accompanying consolidated interim financial statements are unaudited and include the accounts of Clean Harbors, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Clean Harbors” or the “Company”) and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments which are of a normal recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Management has made estimates and assumptions affecting the amounts reported in the Company's consolidated interim financial statements and accompanying footnotes; actual results could differ from those estimates and judgments. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year or any other interim periods. The financial statements presented herein should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Company's significant accounting policies are described in Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. There have been no material changes in these policies or their application except for the change described below.

Pursuant to the previous succession announcement, effective March 31, 2023, Michael L. Battles and Eric W. Gerstenberg, former Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, respectively, were appointed Co-CEOs. As a result, the Company’s new Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) is a committee comprised of both Co-CEOs, who, going forward, will manage the business, make operating decisions and assess performance. The Company does not expect that the new CODM structure will change how the Company is managed and as such will continue to report as two operating segments; (i) the Environmental Services segment and (ii) the Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions segment and assess the recoverability of goodwill under three reporting units; (i) Environmental Sales and Service, (ii) Environmental Facilities and (iii) Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions.

The Company generates revenues through the following operating segments: Environmental Services and Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions. The Company's Environmental Services operating segment generally has four sources of revenue and the Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions operating segment has two sources of revenue. The Company disaggregates third-party revenues by geographic location and source of revenue as management believes these categories depict how revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The Company's significant sources of revenue include:

Technical Services—Technical Services contribute to the revenues of the Environmental Services operating segment. Revenues for these services are generated from fees charged for waste material management and disposal services including onsite environmental management services, collection and transportation, packaging, recycling, treatment and disposal of waste and large remediation projects. Revenue is primarily generated by short-term projects, most of which are governed by master service agreements that are long-term in nature. These master service agreements are typically entered into with the Company's larger customers and outline the pricing and legal frameworks for such arrangements. Services are provided based on purchase orders or agreements with the customer and include prices based upon units of volume of waste, material and personnel costs as well as transportation and other fees. Collection and transportation revenues are recognized over time, as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are being performed and the Company has a right to payment for performance completed to date. The Company uses the input method to recognize revenue over time, based on time and materials incurred as a basis for measuring the satisfaction of the performance obligation. Revenues for treatment and disposal of waste are recognized upon completion of treatment, final disposition in a landfill or incinerator, or when the waste is shipped to a third-party for processing and disposal. The Company periodically enters into bundled arrangements for the collection and transportation and disposal of waste. For such arrangements, transportation and disposal are considered distinct performance obligations and the Company allocates revenue to each based on the relative standalone selling price (i.e., the estimated price that a customer would pay for the services on a standalone basis). Revenues and the related costs from waste that is not yet completely processed and disposed of are deferred. The deferred revenues and costs are recognized when the services are completed. The period between collection and transportation and the final processing and disposal ranges depending on the location of the customer, but generally is measured in days.

Industrial Services and Other—Industrial Services contribute to the revenues of the Environmental Services operating segment. These revenues are primarily generated from industrial and specialty services provided to refineries, chemical plants, manufacturing facilities, power generation companies, pulp and paper mills, mines and other industrial customers throughout North America. Services include in-plant cleaning and maintenance services, plant outage and turnaround services, specialty cleaning services including chemical cleaning, pigging and high and ultra-high pressure water cleaning, leak detection and repair, daylighting, production services and upstream energy services. Services are provided based on purchase orders or agreements with the customer and include prices based upon daily, hourly or job rates for equipment, materials and personnel. The Company recognizes revenue for these services over time, as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are being performed and the Company has a right to payment for performance completed to date. The Company uses the input method to recognize revenue over time, based on time and materials incurred.

Field and Emergency Response Services—Field and Emergency Response Services contribute to the revenues of the Environmental Services operating segment. Field Services revenues are generated from cleanup services at customer sites, including those managed by municipalities and utility providers, or other locations on a scheduled or emergency response basis. Services include confined space entry for tank cleaning, site decontamination, remediation, railcar cleaning, manhole/vault clean outs, product recovery and transfer and vacuum services. Additional services include filtration and water treatment services. Response services for environmental emergencies of any scale range from man-made disasters such as oil spills to natural disasters like hurricanes. Emergency response services also include spill cleanup on land and water, as well as contagion disinfection, decontamination and disposal services. Field and emergency response services are provided based on purchase orders or agreements with customers and include prices generally based upon daily, hourly or job rates for equipment, materials and personnel. The Company recognizes revenue for these services over time, as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are being performed and the Company has a right to payment for performance completed to date. The Company uses the input method to recognize revenue over time, based on time and materials incurred. The duration of such services can be over a number of hours, several days or even months for larger scale projects.

Safety-Kleen Environmental Services—Safety-Kleen Environmental Services revenues contribute both to the Environmental Services operating segment and the Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions operating segment depending upon the nature of such revenues and operating responsibilities relative to executing the revenue contracts. Revenues from providing containerized waste handling and disposal services, parts washer services and vacuum services, referred to collectively as the Safety-Kleen branches' core service offerings, contribute to the revenues of the Environmental Services operating segment. In addition, sales of packaged blended oil products and other complementary product sales contribute to the revenues of the Environmental Services operating segment. Revenues generated from waste oil, anti-freeze and oil filter collection services, sales of bulk blended oil products and sales of bulk automotive fluids contribute to the Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions operating segment.

Generally, the revenue from services is recognized over time, as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are being performed and the Company has a right to payment for performance completed to date. The duration of such services can be over a number of hours or several days. The Company uses the input method to recognize revenue over time, based on time and materials incurred. Product revenue is recognized upon the transfer of control whereby control transfers when the products are delivered to the customer. Containerized waste services consist of profiling, collecting, transporting and recycling or disposing of a wide variety of waste. Related collection and transportation revenues are recognized over time, as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are being performed and the Company has a right to payment for performance completed to date. Parts washer services include customer use of the Company's parts washer equipment, cleaning and maintenance of the parts washer equipment and removal and replacement of used cleaning fluids. Parts washer services are considered a single performance obligation due to the highly integrated and interdependent nature of the arrangement. Revenue from parts washer services is recognized over the service interval as the customer receives the benefit of the services.

Safety-Kleen Oil—Safety-Kleen Oil related sales contribute to the revenues of the Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions segment. These revenues are generated from sales of high-quality base and blended lubricating oils to third-party distributors, government agencies, fleets, railroads and industrial customers. The business also sells recycled fuel oil to asphalt plants, industrial plants and pulp and paper companies. The used oil is also processed into vacuum gas oil which can be further re-refined into lubricant base oils or sold directly into the marine diesel oil fuel market. Revenue for oil products is recognized at a point in time, upon the transfer of control. Control transfers when the products are delivered to the customer.

The following tables present the Company's third-party revenue disaggregated by source of revenue and geography (in thousands):

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables (contract assets) and customer advances and deposits or deferred revenue (contract liabilities) on the consolidated balance sheet. Generally, billing occurs subsequent to revenue recognition, as a right to payment is not just subject to passage of time, resulting in contract assets, which are generally classified as current. The Company sometimes receives advances or deposits from its customers before revenue is recognized, resulting in contract liabilities. These assets and liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheet on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The contract liability balances at the beginning of each period presented were generally fully recognized in the subsequent three-month period.

On March 31, 2023, the Company acquired Thompson Industrial Services, LLC ("Thompson Industrial") for an all-cash purchase price of $110.9 million, net of cash acquired. In the third quarter of 2023, the Company received $1.0 million after finalizing the acquisition date working capital balances, which decreased the overall purchase price. The operations of Thompson Industrial expand the Environmental Services segment's industrial service operations in the southeastern region of the United States.

The preliminary allocation of the purchase price is provisional and was based on estimates of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The Company continues to obtain information to complete the valuation of these balances and the associated income tax accounting. Measurement period adjustments will reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the preliminary determination and recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Permits and other intangible assets acquired include customer relationships, trademarks/tradenames and non-compete agreements and are anticipated to have estimated useful lives of between five and 15 years with a weighted average useful life of approximately 13 years. The excess of the total purchase price, which includes the aggregate cash consideration paid in excess of the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill recognized is attributable to the expected operating synergies, assembled workforce and growth potential that the Company expects to realize from the acquisition. Goodwill generated from the acquisition is deductible for tax purposes.

The operations included in the Company's financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and pro forma revenue and earnings amounts on a combined basis as if this acquisition had been completed on January 1, 2022 are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

On June 17, 2022, the Company acquired a privately-owned company for an all-cash purchase price of approximately $78.9 million, net of cash acquired. The operations of the newly acquired company expand the Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions segment's waste oil collection capabilities and re-refining business throughout the southeastern region of the United States, including the addition of a re-refinery in Georgia.

The Company finalized the purchase accounting for this acquisition. The allocation of the purchase price was based on estimates of the fair value and assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of June 17, 2022. The following table summarizes the final determination and recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Permits and other intangible assets acquired include supplier relationships, permits, customer relationships and trademarks/tradenames and are anticipated to have estimated useful lives of between five and 20 years with a weighted average useful life of approximately 18 years. The excess of the total purchase price, which includes the aggregate cash consideration paid in excess of the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired, was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill recognized is attributable to the expected operating synergies, assembled workforce and growth potential that the Company expects to realize from the acquisition. Goodwill generated from the acquisition is deductible for tax purposes.

On December 9, 2022, the Company acquired a privately-owned business for $12.6 million cash consideration. The acquired company expands the Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions segment's oil collection operations in the southeastern region of the United States. In connection with this acquisition, goodwill of $2.6 million was recognized. The results of operations for the acquired business were not material in 2022.

On June 30, 2022, the Company completed the sale of a line of business as part of its continuous focus on divesting certain non-core operations. The divested line of business was previously included within the Environmental Sales & Service reporting unit of the Environmental Services segment. The Company determined that the disposition did not constitute a strategic shift and that the impact on the Company's overall operations and financial results is not be material. Accordingly, the operations associated with the disposal were not reported in discontinued operations. The final purchase price for the line of business was $18.8 million, after settling working capital. The gain on sale of $8.9 million, after accounting for the assets sold, liabilities transferred upon sale and transaction costs, was included in gain on sale of business in the Company's consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Inventories and supplies consisted of the following (in thousands):

Supplies inventories consist primarily of critical spare parts to support the Company's incinerator and re-refinery operations and other general supplies used in our normal day-to-day operations. Other inventories consist primarily of parts washer components, cleaning fluids, absorbents and automotive fluids, such as windshield washer fluid and antifreeze.

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

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(1) Balances inclusive of gross right-of-use ("ROU") assets classified as finance leases of $8.0 million in both periods.

(2) Balances inclusive of gross ROU assets classified as finance leases of $132.5 million and $106.7 million, respectively.

(3) Balances inclusive of gross ROU assets classified as finance leases of $9.2 million in both periods.

Depreciation expense, inclusive of landfill and finance lease amortization, was $80.4 million and $229.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Depreciation expense, inclusive of landfill and finance lease amortization, was $75.3 million and $223.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The Company recorded $1.7 million and $4.4 million of capitalized interest during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. The Company recorded $0.9 million and $2.0 million of capitalized interest during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The capitalized interest in all periods is mainly due to the construction of a new incinerator in Kimball, Nebraska.

The changes in goodwill by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

The Company assesses goodwill on an annual basis as of December 31 or at an interim date when events or changes in the business environment (“triggering events”) would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. During the period ended September 30, 2023, no such triggering events were identified.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company's intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

Amortization expense of permits, customer and supplier relationships and other intangible assets was $12.5 million and $37.8 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Amortization expense of permits, customer and supplier relationships and other intangible assets was $13.1 million and $37.6 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

The expected amortization of the net carrying amount of finite-lived intangible assets at September 30, 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):