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For the Transition Period from                  to                 

 

Delaware

77-0024818

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

800 W. 6th Street

Austin,

Texas

78701

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(512)

851-4000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, $0.001 par value

CRUS

The NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  þ        No  ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐        No  þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ      No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  þ        No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ☐       No  þ

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates was $4,316,767,046 based upon the closing price reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market as of September 28, 2024. Stock held by directors, officers and stockholders owning 5 percent or more of the outstanding common stock were excluded as they may be deemed affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not a conclusive determination for any other purpose.

As of May 21, 2025, the number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, was 51,560,135.

Certain information contained in the registrant’s proxy statement for its annual meeting of stockholders to be held July 29, 2025 is incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K and certain information incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). All statements included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements are identified by words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “target,” “project,” “believe,” “goals,” “estimates,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “can,” “may,” “plan,” and “intend”, and other similar types of words and expressions. Variations of these types of words and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Any statements that refer to our plans, beliefs, expectations, strategies or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are predictions based on management's expectations as of the date of this filing and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated or implied by our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors and elsewhere in this report, as well as in the documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC"), including our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K.

We caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and we undertake no obligation, and expressly disclaim any duty, to revise or update this information, whether as a result of new information, events or circumstances after the filing of this report with the SEC, except as required by law. We urge readers to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made in this Annual Report on Form 10–K and in other documents we file from time to time with the SEC that disclose risks and uncertainties that may affect our business. All forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and attributable to Cirrus Logic, Inc. are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we may make or persons acting on our behalf may issue.

ITEM 1.  Business

We were incorporated in California in 1984, became a public company in 1989 and were reincorporated in the State of Delaware in February 1999. Our primary facility, which houses engineering, sales and marketing, and administrative functions, is located in Austin, Texas. We also have offices in various other locations in the United States, United Kingdom, Taiwan, the People’s Republic of China, South Korea, Japan, and Singapore. Our common stock, which has been publicly traded since 1989, is listed on the NASDAQ's Global Select Market under the symbol CRUS.

We maintain a website with the address www.cirrus.com. We are not including the information contained on our website as a part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make available free of charge through our website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to the SEC. We also routinely post other important information on our website, including information specifically addressed to investors. We intend for the investor relations section of our website to be a recognized channel of distribution for disseminating information to the securities marketplace for purposes of complying with our disclosure obligations under SEC Regulation Fair Disclosure. To receive a free copy of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, please forward your written request to Cirrus Logic, Inc., Attn: Investor Relations, 800 W. 6th Street, Austin, Texas 78701, or via email at Investor@cirrus.com. In addition, the SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements filed electronically with the SEC by Cirrus Logic.

Cirrus Logic targets growing markets where we can leverage our expertise in low-power, high-precision mixed-signal processing to solve complex problems that span the analog-to-digital divide.  The Company is committed to a three-pronged strategy for growing our business: first, maintaining our leadership position in smartphone audio; second, increasing high-performance mixed-signal ("HPMS") content in smartphones; and third, leveraging our strength in audio and HPMS to expand into additional applications and markets with both new and existing components.

The Company develops custom and general market components that embody our latest innovations, which we use to engage key players in a particular market or application.  We focus on building strong engineering relationships with our customers’ product teams and developing highly differentiated components that address their technical and price requirements across product tiers.

Many of our products include programmable aspects and are comprised of our best-in-class hardware, which incorporates software algorithms from some combination of our own intellectual property (“IP”), and our third-party partners' and customers’ IP. When we have been successful with this approach, an initial design win can often lead to an opportunity to further increase our content with a customer over time through the incorporation of new features, the integration of other system components into our products, and the addition of new products.

The Company's product lines are categorized into Audio and HPMS. While we continue to see new opportunities with audio products, we believe that our HPMS product line presents the largest opportunity to drive product diversification and fuel exciting avenues of growth in the coming years. See Note 9 - Revenues for disclosure of revenue by product line categories.

The following provides a detailed description of our Audio and HPMS product lines.

Audio Products:  Amplifiers, codecs, smart codecs, analog-to-digital converters, digital-to-analog converters and standalone digital signal processors.

HPMS Products:  Camera controllers, haptics and sensing solutions, and battery and power ICs.

Cirrus Logic is a leading supplier of low-power, low-latency, high-precision audio components that are used in a variety of applications including smartphones, laptops, tablets, AR/VR headsets, wearables, home theater systems, automotive entertainment systems and professional audio systems. Our extensive portfolio of audio products include: amplifiers; “codecs,” which are components that integrate analog-to-digital converters (“ADCs”) and digital-to-analog converters (“DACs”) into a single integrated circuit ("IC"); “smart codecs,” which are codecs with integrated digital signal processing; and standalone digital signal processors (“DSPs”). Additionally, the Company’s SoundClear® technology consists of a broad portfolio of tools, software and algorithms that help to differentiate our customers’ products by improving the user experience with features such as louder, high-fidelity sound, high-quality audio playback, voice capture, and hearing augmentation.

By leveraging our extensive mixed-signal design and low-power processing expertise, Cirrus Logic has expanded beyond our traditional audio domain into HPMS products, which are primarily used in smartphones. Our portfolio of HPMS products include: camera controllers for automatic focus and optical image stabilization; haptic and sensing solutions to deliver highly responsive and consistent tactile feedback; and battery and power ICs for improving battery health and performance. This product line also includes a broad product portfolio that services automotive, industrial, and imaging applications.

We offer products worldwide through both direct and indirect sales channels. Our major customers are among the world’s leading electronics manufacturers. We target both large existing and emerging customers that obtain value from our expertise in advanced analog and mixed-signal design processing, systems-level integrated circuit engineering and embedded software development. We derive our revenues from both domestic and international sales. Our domestic sales force includes direct sales offices located primarily in California and Texas.  International sales offices and staff are located in Japan, People’s Republic of China, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom. We supplement our direct sales force with external sales representatives and distributors.  Our worldwide sales force provides geographically specific support to our customers and specialized selling of product lines with unique customer bases. See Note 18—Segment Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for further detail and for additional disclosure regarding sales and property, plant and equipment, net, by geographic locations.

Since the components we produce are largely proprietary and generally not available from secondary sources, we generally consider our end customer to be the entity specifying the use of our component in their design. These end customers may then purchase our products directly from us, through distributors, or indirectly from third-party manufacturers contracted to produce their designs. For fiscal year 2025, 2024 and 2023, our ten largest end customers, represented approximately 96 percent, 95 percent and 92 percent of our net sales, respectively. For fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, we had one end customer, Apple, Inc., who purchased through multiple contract manufacturers and represented approximately 89 percent, 87 percent, and 83 percent, of the Company’s total net sales, respectively. No other customer or distributor represented more than 10 percent of net sales in fiscal years 2025, 2024, or 2023.

As a fabless semiconductor company, we contract with third parties for wafer fabrication and product assembly and test. We use a variety of foundries in the production of wafers, primarily supplied by GLOBALFOUNDRIES Inc., (“GlobalFoundries”) and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Limited ("TSMC"). In fiscal year 2022, the Company entered a Capacity Reservation and Wafer Supply Commitment Agreement with GlobalFoundries to reserve capacity and set wafer pricing for products purchased pursuant to the agreement through calendar year 2026. On February18, 2025, the Capacity Reservation Agreement was amended (the "Amendment") to define the quarterly spread of the remaining wafer quantities under the agreement. See Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details. The Company’s primary assembly and test houses include Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc., STATS ChipPAC Pte. Ltd., Amkor Technology, Inc., Siliconware Precision Industries Co., Ltd., and SFA Semicon Co., Ltd. Our outsourced manufacturing strategy allows us to concentrate on our design strengths and minimize fixed costs and capital expenditures while giving us access to advanced manufacturing facilities. It also provides the flexibility to source multiple leading-edge technologies through strategic relationships. After wafer fabrication by the foundry, third-party assembly vendors package the wafer die. The finished products are then tested before shipment to our customers. While we believe we are able to mitigate the risk of supply disruption by using multiple outside foundries, an interruption of supply by one or more of these foundries could materially impact the Company. We maintain business interruption insurance to help reduce the risk of wafer supply interruption; however, the impact of an interruption could exceed our insurance. Our supply chain management organization is responsible for the management of all aspects of the fabrication, assembly, and testing of our products, including process and package development, test program development, and production testing of products in accordance with our ISO-certified quality management system.

Although our products are made from basic materials (principally silicon, metals and plastics), all of which are available from a number of suppliers, capacity at wafer foundries sometimes becomes constrained. The limited availability of certain materials may impact our suppliers’ ability to meet our demand needs or impact the price we are charged. The prices of certain other basic materials, such as metals, gases and chemicals used in the production of circuits can increase as demand grows for these basic commodities. In most cases, we do not procure these materials ourselves; nevertheless, we are reliant on such materials for manufacturing our products because our outside foundry and package and test subcontractors must procure them. To help mitigate risks associated with constrained capacity, we use multiple foundries and assembly and test sources.

We rely on patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws to protect our intellectual property, products, and technology. As of March 29, 2025, we held approximately 4,130 pending and issued patents worldwide, which include approximately 1,570 granted U.S. patents, 350 U.S. pending patent applications and various international patents and applications. Our U.S. patents expire in calendar years 2025 through 2045. While our patents are an important element of our success, our business as a whole is not dependent on any one patent or group of patents. We do not anticipate any material effect on our business due to any patents expiring in 2025, and we continue to obtain new patents through our ongoing research and development.

We have maintained U.S. federal trademark registrations for CIRRUS LOGIC, CIRRUS, Cirrus Logic logo designs, and SoundClear, among others.  These U.S. registrations may be renewed as long as the marks continue to be used in interstate commerce.  We have also filed or obtained foreign registration for these marks in other countries or jurisdictions where we conduct, or anticipate conducting, international business. To complement our own research and development efforts, we have also licensed and expect to continue to license, a variety of intellectual property and technologies important to our business from third parties.

We determine our operating segments in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidelines. Our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) has been identified as the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") as defined by these guidelines.

The Company operates and tracks its results in one reportable segment, but reports revenue performance in two product lines: Audio and HPMS. Our CEO receives and uses enterprise-wide financial information to assess financial performance and allocate resources. Our product lines have similar characteristics and customers and share operations support functions such as sales, public relations, supply chain management, various research and development and engineering support, in addition to the general and administrative functions of human resources, legal, finance and information technology. Therefore, there is no discrete financial information maintained for these product lines.

See Note 9 - Revenues and Note 18 — Segment Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for further details including sales by product line and sales and property, plant and equipment, net, by geographic locations.

We concentrate our research and development efforts on the design and development of new products for each of our principal markets. We also fund certain advanced-process technology development, as well as other emerging product opportunities. Our future success is highly dependent upon our ability to develop complex new products, transfer new products to volume production, introduce them into the marketplace in a timely fashion, and have them selected for design into products of systems manufacturers. Our future success may also depend on assisting our customers with integration of our components into their new products, including providing support from the concept stage through design, launch and production ramp.

Markets for our products are highly competitive, and we expect that competition will continue to increase. Our ability to compete effectively and to expand our business will depend on our ability to continue to recruit key engineering talent, execute on new product developments, partner with customers to create compelling products for their applications and provide cost efficient versions of existing products. We compete with other semiconductor suppliers that offer standard semiconductors, application-specific standard products and fully customized ICs, including embedded software, chip and board-level products.

While no single company competes with us across all our product lines, we face significant competition in all markets where our products are available. We expect to face additional competition from new entrants in our markets, which may include both large domestic and international IC manufacturers, as well as smaller, emerging companies. Our primary competitors include, but are not limited to, AKM Semiconductor Inc., Analog Devices Inc., QUALCOMM Incorporated, Realtek Semiconductor Corporation, Renesas Electronics Corporation, Shanghai Awinic Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co, Ltd., Skyworks Solutions Inc., ST Microelectronics N.V., Synaptics Incorporated and Texas Instruments, Inc.

The principal competitive factors in our markets include: time to market; quality of hardware/software design and end-market systems expertise; price; product performance, features, quality and compatibility with standards; access to advanced process and packaging technologies at competitive prices; and sales and technical support, which includes assisting our customers with integration of our components into their new products and providing support from the concept stage through design, launch and production ramp.

Product life cycles may vary greatly by product category. For example, many consumer products have shorter design-in cycles; therefore, our competitors have increasingly frequent opportunities to achieve design wins in next-generation systems. Conversely, this also provides us frequent opportunities to displace competitors in products that have previously not utilized our design.

Sales are made primarily pursuant to short-term purchase orders for delivery of products. The quantity actually ordered by the customer, as well as the shipment schedules, are frequently revised, without significant penalty, to reflect changes in the customer’s needs. The majority of our backlog is typically requested for delivery within six months. In markets where the end system life cycles are relatively short, customers typically request delivery in six to twelve weeks. We believe a backlog analysis at any given time gives little indication of our future business except on a short-term basis, principally within the next 60 days.

We utilize backlog as an indicator to assist us in production planning. However, backlog is influenced by several factors including market demand, pricing, and customer order patterns in reaction to product lead times. Quantities actually purchased by customers, as well as prices, are subject to variations between booking and delivery because of changes in customer needs or industry conditions. As a result, we believe that our backlog at any given time is an incomplete indicator of future sales.

Our business and operations around the world are subject to government regulation at the national, state or local level addressing, among other matters, applicable environmental laws, health and safety laws and regulations, and laws relating to export controls, economic sanctions, and trade, including tariffs.

We believe that our properties and operations comply in all material respects with applicable laws protecting the environment and worker health and safety. As a fabless semiconductor company, we do not manufacture our own products but do maintain research and laboratory space at certain of our facilities to facilitate the development, evaluation, and testing of our products. These laboratories may maintain small quantities of hazardous materials. While we believe we are in material compliance with applicable law concerning the safeguarding of these materials and with respect to other matters relating to health, safety and the environment, the risk of liability relating to hazardous conditions or materials cannot be eliminated completely. To date, we have not incurred significant expenditures relating to environmental compliance at our facilities.

In addition to environmental and worker health and safety laws, our business is subject to various rules and regulations and executive orders relating to export controls and trade sanctions. Certain of our products are subject to the Export Administration Regulations ("EAR"), which are administered by the United States Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security ("BIS"), and we may from time to time be required to obtain an export license before we can export certain products or technology to specified countries or customers. In addition, the EAR imposes broad controls on entities listed on sanctioned persons lists, including the BIS Entity List. If one of our customers is listed on the BIS Entity List or another U.S. government sanctioned persons' list, we may be precluded from doing business with that customer. For example, certain of our Chinese customers, or their affiliated entities, have been added to the BIS Entity List, which limits our ability to support these customers. We cannot guarantee that export control restrictions or sanctions imposed in the future will not prevent, or materially limit, our ability to conduct business with certain customers or in certain countries. Any failure to comply with these laws could result in governmental enforcement actions, including substantial monetary penalties and denial of export privileges.

For further discussion relating to the potential effects that compliance with government regulation may have upon our business, refer to "Item 1A. Risk Factors."

Our long-term success depends, in part, on attracting and retaining highly qualified technical, marketing, engineering and administrative talent. At Cirrus Logic, our goal is to maintain an employee-centric culture that encourages innovation, teamwork, and individual growth. The Company strives to cultivate an inclusive workplace where all employees feel they belong, diverse backgrounds and perspectives are valued, and everyone has an opportunity to reach their full potential. Additionally, we value our employees' feedback and regularly seek their input. This enables us to collect information that helps to identify and address challenges and continuously improve.

We believe that we offer competitive compensation and health and wellness benefits, designed to improve the quality of our employees’ lives. Cirrus Logic prides itself on providing continuous learning and development opportunities, such as, technical training and professional development programs to support our employees’ growth. Our comprehensive benefits, such as health insurance coverage and emotional well-being support are tailored for each country. Our benefits focus on family care, including fertility coverage, paid parental leave, dependent care benefits, and benefits for surrogacy and adoption assistance programs. The Company also provides fitness facilities and classes at several locations, as well as other employee benefits including health screenings, COVID-19 testing and vaccinations, flu shots, and free confidential virtual mental health support. Cirrus Logic provides retirement planning programs with matching contributions, such as a 401(k) plan in the United States and defined contribution pension plans for our employees in other countries.

We believe that these benefits, combined with our employee-centric culture, contribute to low voluntary employee turnover. In fiscal year 2025, our voluntary turnover rate was 8 percent, below the technology industry benchmarks (2024 Radford Salary Increase and Turnover Study_Second Edition Refresh (December 2024)).

As of March 29, 2025, we had 1,660 employees, 99 percent of whom were full-time, 71 percent were engaged in research and product development activities, 24 percent in sales, marketing, general and administrative activities, and 5 percent in manufacturing-related activities. As of March 29, 2025, 13 percent of our employees worldwide were foreign nationals and 64 percent of our total workforce reside in the U.S., with 36 percent residing offshore. We also employ individuals on a temporary basis and use the services of contractors as necessary. We have never had a work stoppage, and the majority of our employees are not represented by collective bargaining agreements.

We believe that diverse teams fuel innovation, and we are committed to creating an inclusive culture that supports all employees, regardless of gender, veteran status, race, ethnicity, or ability. As of March 29, 2025, our global workforce was 81 percent male and 19 percent female, and based on self-reported identification, our workforce in the United States was composed of 52 percent White, 35 percent Asian, 8 percent Hispanic or Latino, 3 percent Black or African American, and 2 percent Other.

Cirrus Logic is committed to promoting a safe, secure, and productive environment for our employees, customers, and visitors. Our global health and safety policy outlines our commitment to employees. Employees working in our research facilities receive specialized, role-specific health and safety training. The Company takes measures to reduce employee exposure to potential health hazards in our offices and research facilities and conducts regular inspections to maintain a safe and healthy work environment. A risk management system also provides technicians with additional data and information on the potential hazards associated with certain chemicals. In fiscal year 2025, the Company had no monetary losses as a result of legal proceedings associated with employee health and safety violations and received no notices of violation related to health and safety at our facilities, nor have we ever had a work-related fatality. In calendar year 2024, we had one recordable injury and zero lost-time incidents as defined by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

For more information on the commitment to our employees and other Environmental, Social and Governance ("ESG") topics visit https://www.cirrus.com/company/esg. We are not including the information contained on our website as a part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 1A.  Risk Factors

Our business faces significant risks. The risk factors set forth below may not be the only risks that we face and there is a risk that we may have failed to identify all possible risk factors. Additional risks that we are not aware of yet or that currently are not material may adversely affect our business operations. You should read the following cautionary statements in conjunction with the factors discussed elsewhere in this and other Cirrus Logic filings with the SEC. These cautionary statements are intended to highlight certain factors that may affect the financial condition and results of operations of Cirrus Logic and are not meant to be an exhaustive discussion of all of the risks that may be associated with an investment in our securities.

The following summarizes the principal factors that make an investment in the Company speculative or risky. This summary should be read in conjunction with the remainder of this “Item 1A. Risk Factors” section and should not be relied upon as an exhaustive summary of the material risks facing our business.

•Risks related to dependence on a limited number of customers and distributors and a lack of diversification in our revenue base, including risks related to the loss of, or a significant reduction in orders from, or pricing on products sold to, any key customer or distributor

•Risks related to global economic conditions, including economic downturns or recessions and the effects of tariffs and inflationary pressures

•Risks related to third-party manufacturing and supply chain relationships, including risks associated with our efforts to increase the geographic diversity and regional resilience of our supply chain

•Risks related to our long-term capacity reservation and wafer supply agreement with GlobalFoundries

•Risks related to fluctuation in sales in the consumer electronics and smartphone markets

•Risks related to our international operations, including government trade policies and delays or disruptions to our international subcontractors, which may be impacted by political/economic factors

•Risks related to system security, cyber-attacks, data breaches, and disruptions to our IT systems

•Risks related to strong competition in the semiconductor market, including competition to attract, hire, and retain highly qualified personnel

•Risks related to our fabless business model

•Risks related to the use or application of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence

•Risks related to acquiring other companies or technologies

•Risks related to product concentration, difficulty in forecasting sales due to customers' ability to cancel or reschedule orders, and declining average selling prices

•Risks related to joint development or other custom product collaborations, including the development of products for specific system architectures

•Risks related to the timely development, production, and acceptance of new and advanced technologies while complying with environmental regulations

•Risks related to increasing complexity of our products and the potential for security vulnerabilities or other product defects and difficulties in transitioning to advanced manufacturing process technologies

•Risks related to changes in the system architecture of our customers' end products

•Risks related to our ability to protect our intellectual property rights

•Risks related to exposure to tax liabilities and changes in tax laws

•Risks related to fluctuations in inventory, including risks related to our customers’ ability to cancel/reschedule orders on short notice

•Risks related to fluctuations in operating results, stock price, and foreign currency exposures

•Risks related to debt obligations, including under our Second Amended Credit Agreement

•Risks related to intellectual property claims and litigation and export control regulations, including the potential for illicit diversion of products

•Risks related to certain provisions of Delaware law and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

•Risks related to corporate social responsibility initiatives and ESG matters

•Risks related to owning real property

While we generate sales from a broad base of customers worldwide, the loss of any of our key customers, or a significant reduction in sales or selling prices to any key customer, or reductions in selling prices made to retain key customer relationships, would significantly reduce our revenue, margins, and earnings and adversely affect our business. For the twelve-month periods ending March 29, 2025, March 30, 2024, and March 25, 2023, our ten largest end customers represented approximately 96 percent, 95 percent and 92 percent of our net sales, respectively. For the twelve-month periods ending March 29, 2025, March 30, 2024, and March 25, 2023, we had one end customer, Apple Inc., who purchased through multiple contract manufacturers and represented approximately 89 percent, 87 percent and 83 percent of the Company’s total net sales, respectively.

We may not be able to maintain or increase sales to certain of our key customers for a variety of reasons, including: - most of our customers can stop incorporating our products into their own products with limited notice to us and suffer little or no penalty; - our agreements with our customers typically do not require them to purchase a minimum quantity of our products; - many of our customers have pre-existing or concurrent relationships with our current or potential competitors that may affect the customers’ decisions to purchase our products; - many of our customers have sufficient resources to internally develop technology solutions and semiconductor components that could replace the products that we currently supply in our customers’ end products; - our customers face intense competition from other manufacturers that do not use our products; - our customers may be subject to investigations and litigation that could result in injunctive or other relief that negatively impacts sales of their products, which in turn would result in a decrease in demand for our products; - our customers regularly evaluate alternative sources of supply in order to diversify their supplier base, which increases their negotiating leverage with us and their ability to either obtain or dual-source components from other suppliers; and - our current customers may be hesitant in some cases to award new business to us based on their desire to manage their supply chain risks around any potential over-dependence on a supplier or supply chain. In addition, our dependence on a limited number of key customers may make it easier for them to demand favorable commercial terms or to pressure us on price reductions or to not accept price increases resulting from unexpected or additional cost increases or fees associated with our suppliers. We have experienced pricing pressure from certain key customers, and we expect that the average selling prices ("ASPs") for certain of our products will decline from time to time, potentially reducing our revenue, margins, and earnings. Our key customer relationships often require us to develop new products that may involve significant technological challenges. Our customers frequently place considerable pressure on us to meet tight development schedules. In addition, we have entered, and may again enter in the future, into customer agreements providing for exclusivity periods during which we may only sell specified products or technology to a specific customer. Even without exclusivity periods, the products that we develop are often specific to our customer's system architecture and frequently cannot be sold to other customers. Accordingly, we have in the past and may in the future devote a substantial amount of resources to strategic relationships, which could detract from or delay our completion of other important development projects or the development of next-generation products and technologies.

Notwithstanding our efforts, our customers are not always obligated to purchase new products that we develop for them, and their failure to do so could have a material effect on our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. Our reliance on certain customers may continue to increase, which could heighten the risks associated with having key customers, including making us more vulnerable to significant reductions in revenue, margins, and earnings; pricing pressure; and other adverse effects on our business.

The United States or foreign governments may enact changes in government trade policies that could adversely impact our ability to sell products in certain countries and increase prices associated with our customers' products. For example, the U.S. government has recently imposed and/or threatened to impose tariffs on nearly all imported goods. In addition, the U.S. government has imposed significant tariffs aimed at China due to perceived unfair trade practices. In return, the Chinese government has imposed significant tariffs on certain U.S. products. Additionally, export restrictions imposed by the U.S. government, including the addition of licensing requirements by the United States Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security ("BIS") through the addition of companies to the BIS Entity List, as well as trade restrictions imposed by the U.S. related to goods imported from regions in China with records of forced labor and other human rights issues, may require us to suspend our business with certain international customers and/or manufacturing entities if we conclude or are notified by the U.S. government that such business presents a risk of noncompliance with U.S. regulations.

We cannot predict what actions may be taken with respect to tariffs or trade relations, what products may be subject to such actions, or what actions may be taken by other countries in response. The current global trade situation is highly dynamic, and it is not possible to anticipate the timing or duration of such tariffs, export restrictions, or other regulatory actions. These government trade policies may materially adversely affect our sales and operations with current customers as well as impede our ability to develop relationships with new customers.

While we have in the past received licenses from the U.S. government to export certain items to companies on the BIS Entity List, there can be no assurances that we will be able to continue to obtain or maintain licenses for the manufacture or sale of future products or for other entities if the U.S government adds other companies to the BIS Entity List and/or subjects them to additional trade restrictions. Despite our receipt of licenses, BIS Entity List restrictions may also encourage foreign customers to seek a greater supply of similar or substitute products from competitors or other third parties who are not subject to these restrictions or to develop their own solutions, especially as the Chinese government develops its domestic semiconductor industry. If export restrictions and tariffs are sustained for a long period of time, or increased, or if other export restrictions are imposed in the future, our long-term competitiveness as a supplier, particularly in China, will likely be impacted.

There is a risk of further escalation and retaliatory actions between the U.S. and other foreign governments. If significant tariffs or other restrictions are placed on goods exported and/or imported from/to China or other countries, or any related counter-measures are taken, our revenue and results of operations may be materially harmed. These tariffs may also make our customers' products more expensive for consumers, which may reduce consumer demand.

The U.S. government also may seek to implement more protective trade measures, not just with respect to China but with respect to other countries as well. This could include new or higher tariffs and even more restrictive trade barriers, such as prohibiting certain types of, or all, sales of certain products or products sold by certain parties into the U.S. Any increased trade barriers or restrictions on global trade could have a materially adverse impact on our business and financial results.

Many of our customers and potential customers are placing increased emphasis on geographic diversity and regional resilience in their supply chains, particularly seeking to reduce reliance on manufacturing concentrated in Taiwan and to mitigate broader geopolitical and tariff risks. To achieve geographic diversity, we may need to make increased investments in qualifying geographically diversified manufacturing and test facilities, which could result in additional costs and impact our operating margins. In addition, certain customers have already requested that we hold additional inventory to protect against potential supply disruptions, and such demands may increase over time. These requirements increase our working capital needs, expose us to inventory obsolescence risks, and limit our manufacturing flexibility. If we are unable to meet customer expectations for geographic diversity, inventory management, or supply continuity, we may experience delays in product qualifications, pricing pressure, or loss of business opportunities.

Competitors with manufacturing operations in the United States or with a broader geographic manufacturing footprint may be better positioned to meet evolving customer requirements, which could place us at a competitive disadvantage.

We do not own or operate a semiconductor fabrication facility and do not have the resources to manufacture our products internally. We use third parties to fabricate, assemble, package, and test the vast majority of our products. As a result, we are subject to risks associated with these third parties, including:

- insufficient capacity available to meet our demand on time;

- inability of our suppliers to obtain the equipment or replacement parts necessary to fully operate their facilities or expand available manufacturing capacity;

- inadequate manufacturing yields and excessive costs;

- inability of these third parties to obtain an adequate supply of raw materials;

- extended lead times on supplies used in the manufacturing of our products;

- difficulties selecting and integrating new subcontractors;

- limited warranties on products supplied to us;

- potential increases in prices (including the cost of freight and potential tariffs); and

- increased exposure to potential misappropriation of our intellectual property.

Outside of our long-term supply agreement for wafer fabrication supply with GlobalFoundries, our outside foundries and assembly and test suppliers generally manufacture our products on a purchase order basis, and we have few other long-term supply arrangements with these suppliers. Therefore, our third-party manufacturers and suppliers are not obligated to supply us with products for any specific period of time, quantity, or price, except as may be provided in any particular purchase order or in relation to an existing supply agreement. A manufacturing or supply disruption experienced by one or more of our outside suppliers or a disruption of our relationship with an outside foundry could negatively impact the production of certain of our products for a substantial period of time.

We have experienced the effects of industry-wide manufacturing capacity constraints. These supply challenges have impacted, and may continue to impact, our ability to fully satisfy increases in demand for some of our products. We do not typically manufacture the majority of these products at more than one foundry or more than one assembly and test subcontractor, and the costs and effort associated with the potential transfer of any portion of our supply chain to a backup supplier would likely be substantial. Therefore, if one or more of our third-party manufacturers and suppliers are not able to provide us sufficient capacity to meet our current demand, we may not be able to ship our products to customers on time and in the quantity requested, which could cause an unanticipated decline in our sales and damage our existing customer relationships and our ability to establish new customer relationships. Capacity constraints could further result in increased prices in our supply chain, which, if we are unable to increase our selling prices or if we have previously committed to pricing, could result in lower revenues and margins that could adversely affect our financial results.

In addition, difficulties associated with adapting our technology and product design to the proprietary process technology and design rules of outside foundries can lead to reduced yields of our products. Since low yields may result from either design or process technology failures, yield problems may not be effectively determined or resolved until an actual product exists that can be analyzed and tested to identify process sensitivities relating to the design rules that are used. As a result, yield problems may not be identified until well into the production process, and resolution of yield problems may require cooperation between our manufacturer and us. This risk could be compounded by the offshore location of certain of our manufacturers, increasing the effort and time required to identify, communicate, and resolve manufacturing yield problems.

Manufacturing defects that we do not discover during the manufacturing or testing process may lead to costly product recalls. These risks may lead to increased costs or delayed product delivery, which would harm our profitability and customer relationships.

In some cases, our requirements may represent a small portion of the total production of the third-party suppliers. As a result, we are subject to the risk that a producer will cease production of an older or lower-volume process that it uses to produce our parts. We cannot provide any assurance that our external foundries will continue to devote resources to the production of parts for our products or continue to advance the process design technologies on which the manufacturing of our products are based. Each of these events could increase our costs, lower our gross margin, and cause us to hold more inventories, or materially impact our ability to deliver our products on time.

Because we sell products primarily in the consumer electronics and smartphone markets, we are likely to be affected by any decrease in demand or unit volumes, seasonality in the sales of our products, and the cyclical nature of these markets. We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, slowing growth in a maturing smartphone market, due to, among other factors, market saturation in developed countries, lengthening replacement cycles, and a growing market for refurbished devices. Further, a decline in consumer confidence and consumer spending relating to economic conditions, increases in our customers' products' prices (including any potential impact of increased tariffs), inflationary pressures, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, oil prices, global health conditions, natural disasters, and/or the political stability of countries in which we operate or sell products could have an adverse effect on consumer demand in these markets, which would likely impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.

In 2021, in an effort to alleviate some of our future expected supply constraints, the Company entered into a Capacity Reservation and Wafer Supply Commitment Agreement with GlobalFoundries on July 28, 2021 to reserve capacity and set wafer pricing for products purchased pursuant to the agreement through 2026. In February 2025, this agreement was amended to reflect an agreed change in the number of wafers to be shipped on a quarterly basis during calendar years 2025 and 2026.

Although we believe this agreement is a good use of our financial resources and secures capacity for certain products through 2026, the agreement with GlobalFoundries involves certain risks that have resulted and may in the future result in excess inventory, or may place us at a competitive disadvantage, have a negative impact on our liquidity, or adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company is required to purchase, and GlobalFoundries is required to supply, a certain number of wafers on a quarterly basis. Customers, on occasion, cancel, reschedule orders, or change future product plans on short notice, which can lead to our actual wafer requirements being less than the number of wafers required to meet the applicable wafer purchase requirements, potentially resulting in excess inventory or higher inventory unit costs, both of which may adversely impact our gross margin and our results of operations.

Additionally, the agreement sets forth pricing for wafer purchases pursuant to the agreement through 2026. If market conditions change and wafer prices in the market decrease significantly below what is contemplated in the agreement, the agreement may put us at a competitive disadvantage relative to our competitors.

Even with a long-term supply agreement, we are still subject to risks that GlobalFoundries will be unable to meet its supply commitments, achieve anticipated manufacturing yields, manufacture our products on a timely basis, or provide additional wafer capacity beyond its current contractual commitments sufficient to meet our customers' product demands. If this were to occur, we may experience delays in product launches or supply shortages for certain products, which could cause an unanticipated decline in our sales and damage our existing customer relationships and our ability to establish new customer relationships. In addition, if GlobalFoundries experiences financial difficulties or goes into bankruptcy, it could be difficult or impossible, or may require substantial time and expense, for us to recover any or all of our prepayments made as part of the agreement.

Any of the foregoing could materially harm our liquidity, financial condition and results of operations and could put us at a disadvantage relative to our competitors.

Although we continuously explore opportunities to diversify our revenue and customer base, our sales, marketing, and development efforts have historically been focused on a limited number of customers and opportunities. Many companies have the ability to manage their risk by product, market, and customer diversification. However, we lack diversification, in terms of both the nature and scope of our business, which increases the risk of an investment in our company. If we cannot diversify our customer and revenue opportunities, our financial condition and results of operations could deteriorate.

Despite implementing security measures, we are subject to risk, both at Cirrus Logic and through our supply chain, of attack from malicious threat actors, which could include agents of organized crime or nation-state or nation-state supported actors. We manage and store various proprietary information and sensitive or confidential data relating to our business and our employees. In addition, we manage and store a significant amount of proprietary and sensitive or confidential information from third parties, such as our customers and suppliers. Unauthorized insiders and/or third-party threat actors may be able to penetrate our security measures, evade our controls, or exploit vulnerabilities in our systems or our third-party providers' systems and misappropriate or compromise our, our customers' or our suppliers' proprietary and confidential information, including intellectual property and personal information of our current and former employees, create system disruptions, or cause shutdowns. Threat actors also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms, phishing attempts, ransomware, and other malicious software that attack our websites, computer systems, access to critical information, products, or otherwise exploit security vulnerabilities. The sophistication, scale and frequency of cyber-attacks has continued to increase and evolve at a rapid pace, and the risk of attack may be heightened when our employees are working remotely. Artificial intelligence and machine learning also may be used for certain cybersecurity attacks, improving or expanding the existing capabilities of threat actors in manners we cannot predict at this time, resulting in greater risks of security incidents and breaches. The risk of state-sponsored or geopolitical-related cybersecurity incidents has also increased due to ongoing geopolitical tensions with China or incidents, such as the war in Ukraine or the Israel-Hamas war. Our prioritization of security measures and remediation of known vulnerabilities may prove inadequate and we may be unable to anticipate or protect against attacks. If an incident occurs, we may be unable to detect it for an extended period of time.

Any breach of our security measures or the loss, inadvertent disclosure, or unapproved dissemination of proprietary information or sensitive or confidential data about us, our customers, our suppliers or our employees, including the potential loss or disclosure of such information or data, could result in numerous risks and adverse consequences. Such consequences include remediation costs, litigation and potential liability for us, including as a result of U.S. or foreign governmental investigations or enforcement actions, penalties for violation of applicable laws or regulations, including laws and regulations in the United States and other jurisdictions relating to the collection, use and security of user and other personally identifiable information and data, damage to our brand and reputation, the loss of sales and customer or supplier relationships, negative impacts to our employee recruiting and retention, loss of intellectual property protection, risk of inadequate insurance coverage and increased insurance premiums, and numerous other financial, legal and business risks, any or all of which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations and result in significant stock price volatility. In addition to our own systems, our business also is reliant upon the security of various third parties in our supply chain, and any breach of their systems and securities could result in our being subjected to the numerous risks and adverse consequences noted above.

In the past, we have experienced attempted cybersecurity attacks and we anticipate continuing to be subject to such attempts, particularly given the evolving nature of the cybersecurity threat landscape; however, we believe that the past threats have not had a material impact on our business.

We have been and may continue to be adversely impacted by global economic conditions, including as a result of rapid and fluctuating changes in global trade policies. Global economic conditions could make it difficult for our customers, our suppliers, and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities and could cause global businesses to defer or reduce spending on our products, or increase the costs of manufacturing our products.

During challenging economic times our customers and distributors may face issues gaining timely access to sufficient credit, which could impact their ability to make timely payments to us. If that were to occur, we may be required to increase our allowance for doubtful accounts and our days sales outstanding would increase. Additionally, if our own supply chain or others from whom our customers source are financially impacted and ultimately unable to deliver their required component(s), then our customers may delay or cancel their orders from us. We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery. However, inflation continues to be an issue in the U.S. and overseas, resulting in rising transportation, wages, and other costs. Inflation has and may continue to increase our cost of labor, manufacturing, and other costs. If our costs continue to be subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs with increased prices or revenues. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, inflationary pressures could also result in a decline in consumer confidence and spending, potentially impacting demand for our customers' end products in the consumer electronics and smartphone markets. Any such decline would likely impact our business, operating results, and financial condition. Moreover, we regularly maintain cash balances at third-party financial institutions in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance limit or at financial institutions located outside the U.S. where FDIC insurance does not apply. If a depository institution fails to return our deposits or if a depository institution is subject to other adverse conditions in the financial or credit markets, there is no guarantee that we have access to such uninsured deposits, which could restrict access to our cash or cash equivalents and could adversely impact our operating liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our industry is intensely competitive and is frequently characterized by rapid technological change, price erosion, technological obsolescence, and a push towards integrated circuit ("IC") component integration. Because of shortened product life cycles and even shorter design-in cycles in a number of the markets that we serve, our competitors have increasingly frequent opportunities to achieve design wins in next-generation systems. As markets mature and components become commoditized, competitors that can tolerate lower margins/operating income pose a risk to our profitability and growth. In the event that competitors succeed in supplanting our products, our market share may not be sustainable and our net sales, gross margin and operating results would be adversely affected.

We compete in a number of markets. Our principal competitors in these markets include AKM Semiconductor Inc., Analog Devices Inc., Qualcomm Incorporated, Realtek Semiconductor Corporation, Renesas Electronics Corporation, Shanghai Awinic Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co, Ltd., Skyworks Solutions Inc., ST Microelectronics N.V., Synaptics Incorporated and Texas Instruments, Inc.

Many of these competitors have greater financial, engineering, manufacturing, marketing, technical, distribution, and other resources; broader product lines; and broader intellectual property portfolios. We also expect intensified competition from emerging companies and from customers who develop their own IC products or other technologies. In addition, some of our current and future competitors maintain their own fabrication facilities, which could benefit them in connection with cost, capacity, and technical issues.

We cannot provide assurances that we will be able to compete successfully in the future or that competitive pressures will not adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Competitive pressures could reduce market acceptance of our products, reduce selling prices, and increase expenses, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

The products we supply our customers are typically a portion of the many components provided from multiple suppliers to complete the final assembly of an end product. If other component suppliers are unable to deliver their required component(s) for the final end product to be assembled, our customers may delay, or ultimately cancel, their orders from us. For example, shipping routes in the Middle East have been and may in the future be disrupted, lengthening the time for shipments to reach their destinations.

From time to time, governments may provide subsidies or make other investments that could give competitive advantages to certain semiconductor companies. For example, in 2022, the U.S. government passed the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors & Sciences Act to provide $52.7 billion of funding to U.S.-based semiconductor companies to promote domestic production. Because we operate a fabless business model, we may not be eligible for such incentives from the U.S. government at this time. However, many of our current and future competitors maintain their own fabrication facilities and may secure such funding, which could benefit them in connection with cost, capacity, and technical issues. Additionally, to remain competitive with top talent, we may need to incur additional costs to provide certain additional benefits even though we are not receiving subsidies or other government funding. These competitive pressures could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Competition for highly qualified personnel in our industry, particularly for employees with technical backgrounds, is intense. Some companies in our industry have adopted flexible remote work arrangements providing more flexibility than ours that further increase competition for talent. Accordingly, we expect competition for qualified personnel to intensify because there are only a limited number of individuals in the job market with the skills that we require.

There also is a risk that changes in immigration laws and regulations, or their administration or enforcement, can impair our ability to attract and retain qualified engineering personnel. In the U.S., where a significant portion of our research and development teams are located, tightening of immigration controls may adversely affect the employment status of non-U.S. engineers and other key technical employees or further impact our ability to hire new non-U.S. employees. Moreover, certain immigration policies in the U.S. may make it more difficult for us to recruit and retain highly skilled foreign national graduates of universities in the U.S., additionally limiting the pool of available talent.

There are significant costs to the Company associated with attracting and retaining qualified personnel in key technology positions. Recruiting and employee costs, such as cash and stock-based compensation, have increased relative to historic levels and may continue to increase, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Further, the loss of the services of key personnel or our inability to hire new personnel with the requisite skills or to assimilate talent could restrict our ability to develop new products or timely enhance existing products, sell products to our customers, or manage our business effectively.

We depend on third-party subcontractors, primarily in Asia, for the fabrication, assembly, packaging, and testing of most of our products. International operations may be subject to a variety of risks, including political instability, global health conditions, currency controls, exchange rate fluctuations, changes in import/export regulations, tariff and freight rates, as well as the risks of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods. The potential physical impacts of climate change, including high heat events, power or water shortages, fires, rising sea levels, changes in storm patterns or intensities, or other extreme weather conditions, are uncertain and could impact operations at our subcontractors. Any disruption to our manufacturing cycle could adversely affect our operations and financial results. Although we seek to reduce our dependence on any one subcontractor, the substantial majority of our semiconductor wafers are manufactured by TSMC at fabs in Taiwan, and GlobalFoundries in Singapore and Germany. This concentration of subcontractors and manufacturing operations, subjects us to the risks of conducting business internationally, including associated political and economic conditions. If we experience manufacturing problems at a particular location, or a supplier is unable to continue operating due to financial difficulties, natural disasters, political or economic turmoil or conflict, or other reasons, we would be required to transfer manufacturing to a backup supplier. Transferring from a primary supplier to another facility would likely result in increased production costs and a delay in production. Further, such a transition may not be possible, particularly in a supply constrained environment. There are only a few foundries that are currently available for certain advanced processing technologies that we utilize or may utilize. As a result, delays in our production or shipping by the parties to whom we outsource these functions could reduce our sales, damage our customer relationships, and damage our reputation in the marketplace, any of which could harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

For example, we rely on several third-party suppliers located in Taiwan. Any deterioration in the social, political, or economic conditions in Taiwan, particularly as it relates to China-Taiwan relations, may disrupt our business operations and materially and adversely affect our results of operations. Similarly, our operations could be harmed, and our costs could increase, if the war in Ukraine results in a shortage of materials that our suppliers require to manufacture our products. In addition, we are currently working with a supplier that is headquartered in Israel on the development of additional manufacturing alternatives. The declaration of war by Israel against Hamas, the rising tensions in the Middle East, and the resulting actions that may be taken by governments in response to the war could potentially impact or delay the supplier's ability to provide timely engineering support that may be required to advance our efforts to develop future manufacturing alternatives.

Artificial intelligence ("AI") is a rapidly developing field that presents both risks and opportunities. For example, our business operations and research and development tasks may benefit from the use of AI tools. It is possible that we may not leverage this technological change as effectively as our competitors. Additionally, our use of AI may also increase vulnerability to cybersecurity risks, including through unauthorized use or misuse of AI tools and bad inputs or logic or the introduction of malicious code incorporated into AI generated code. While we have implemented security measures and developed internal policies to govern the use of AI, risks exist relating to the protection of data (including the potential exposure of our or our customers’ proprietary and confidential information), the misuse of third-party intellectual property, or our failure to identify and correct deficiencies or inaccuracies generated by AI. Our failure to utilize AI responsibly may impact our reputation and could have a negative impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.

In general, we rely on customers issuing purchase orders to buy our products rather than long-term supply contracts. Customers on occasion cancel, reschedule, or change future product plans on short notice without incurring significant penalties. Additionally, it is possible that some customers may place orders for our products that exceed their actual demand and may cancel all or portions of their order if circumstances change. Cancellations, reductions, or delays of orders from any significant customer could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and may require us to recognize excess inventory write-off charges.

Because our expense levels to a large extent are fixed in the short term, we likely will be unable to adjust spending on a timely basis to compensate for any unexpected shortfall in sales and our operating results could be harmed in any particular quarter.

In addition to international sales constituting a large portion of our net sales, we maintain international operations, sales, and technical support personnel. International expansion has required, and will continue to require, significant management attention and resources. There are risks inherent in expanding our presence into non-U.S. regions, including, but not limited to: - difficulties in staffing and managing non-U.S. operations, including compliance with local employment regulations; - failure in non-U.S.

regions to adequately protect our intellectual property, patent, trademarks, copyrights, know-how, and other proprietary rights and the risk of potential theft or compromise of our intellectual property; - global health conditions and potential natural disasters, including those resulting from climate change; - power or water shortages or other operational disruptions, including those resulting from extreme weather conditions; - political, social and economic instability in international regions, including wars; - international currency controls and exchange rate fluctuations; - financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities; - vulnerability to terrorist groups targeting U.S. interests abroad; - legal uncertainty regarding liability and compliance with non-U.S. laws and regulatory requirements; and - changing U.S. regulation of foreign operations, including potential sanctions. If we are unable to successfully manage the demands of our international operations, it may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

Historically in the semiconductor industry, average selling prices of products have decreased over time. Moreover, our dependence on a limited number of key customers may make it easier for key customers to pressure us to reduce prices. Further, we have made commitments not to exceed certain pricing with some key customers on some of our products, and as a result, we may not be able to pass on any unexpected or additional cost increases or fees associated with our suppliers.

If the average selling price of any of our products declines or we are unable to pass on increased supply costs to our customers, and we are unable to increase our unit volumes, introduce new or enhanced products with higher margins, and/or reduce manufacturing costs to offset anticipated decreases in the prices of our existing products, our operating results may be adversely affected.

In addition, because of procurement lead times, we are limited in our ability to reduce total costs quickly in response to any reductions in prices or sales shortfalls. Because of these factors, we may experience adverse fluctuations in our future operating results on a quarterly or annual basis.

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from a limited number of products, and we expect these products to represent a large percentage of our revenues in the near term. Customer acceptance of these products is critical to our future success. Our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows could therefore be adversely affected by:

- a decline in demand for any of our more significant products;

- a decline in the average selling prices of our more significant products;

- failure of our products to achieve continued market acceptance;

- competitive products;

- new technological standards or changes to existing standards that we are unable to address with our products;

- manufacturing or supply issues that prevent us from meeting our customers’ demand for these products;

- a failure to release new products or enhanced versions of our existing products on a timely basis;

- the failure of our new products to achieve market acceptance or grow as expected; and

- any changes to a customer's future product plans.

International sales represented 99 percent, 99 percent, and 97 percent of our net sales in fiscal year 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

We expect international sales to continue to represent a significant portion of product sales. This reliance on international sales subjects us to certain risks, including risks associated with political and economic instability, global health conditions, currency controls, exchange rate fluctuations, changes in import/export regulations, and tariff and freight rates. For example, the political or economic instability in a given region may have an adverse impact on the financial position of end users in the region, which could affect future orders and harm our results of operations. Our international sales operations involve a number of other risks including, but not limited to:

- unexpected changes in government regulatory requirements;

- sales, VAT, or other indirect tax regulations and treaties and potential changes in regulations and treaties in the United States and in and between countries in which we manufacture or sell our products;

- changes to countries’ banking and credit requirements;

- changes in diplomatic and trade relationships, including as a result of geopolitical conflict;

- delays resulting from difficulties in obtaining export licenses for technology, particularly in China;

- further changes in U.S. trade policy, including potential adoption and expansion of trade restrictions, higher tariffs, or cross border taxation by the U.S. government involving other countries, particularly China, that might impact overall customer demand for our products or affect our ability to manufacture and/or sell our products overseas;

- tariffs and other barriers and restrictions, particularly in China;

- competition with non-U.S. companies or other domestic companies entering non-U.S. markets in which we operate;

- longer sales and payment cycles;

- problems in collecting accounts receivable;

- the burdens of complying with a variety of non-U.S. laws; and

- changes to economic, social, or political conditions in countries such as Taiwan and China, where we have significant operations.

In addition, our competitive position may be affected by the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against other currencies. While our sales are predominately denominated in U.S. dollars, increases in the value of the dollar would increase the price in local currencies of our products in non-U.S. markets and make our products relatively more expensive. We cannot provide assurances that regulatory, political, and other factors will not adversely affect our operations in the future or require us to modify our current business practices.

We continue to consider future acquisitions of other companies, or their technologies or products, to improve our market position, broaden our technological capabilities, and expand our product offerings.

Acquiring companies or technologies involves a number of risks, including, but not limited to: - the potential disruption of our ongoing business; - unexpected costs or incurring unknown liabilities; - the diversion of management resources from other strategic and operational issues; - the inability to retain the employees of the acquired businesses; - difficulties relating to integrating the operations and personnel of the acquired businesses; - adverse effects on our existing customer relationships or the existing customer relationships of acquired businesses; - the potential incompatibility of the acquired business or their business customers; - adverse effects associated with entering into markets and acquiring technologies in areas in which we have little experience; and - acquired intangible assets, including goodwill, becoming impaired as a result of technological advancements or worse-than-expected performance of the acquired business. If we are unable to successfully address any of these risks, our business could be harmed.

Our business relies on the security and availability of our information technology systems and solutions, such as hardware, software, cloud services, and networks. This includes, among other things, human capital solutions, financial solutions, customer relationship management solutions, design and software development solutions and tools, and data center processing. While we own and manage some of these information technology systems directly, we also rely on third-party information technology systems in the operation of our business. Our operations could be harmed and our costs could increase if any of these systems are disrupted for any reason, including information technology system failures or cyber-attacks; natural disasters; power or water shortages; political, social or economic instability including military, terrorist, or other catastrophic events; labor disruptions; insolvency of third-parties on which we rely; or other operational issues or system failures. We have experienced outages in the past and could be subjected to periods in which our systems and solutions or the third-party systems on which we rely are negatively impacted, degraded or unavailable, potentially for extended periods of time. If this were to occur, we could be subject to data loss or corruption, inability to accurately process or record transactions, reputational harm, litigation, indemnity obligations and other liabilities, and our business, revenues, profitability and financial condition could be negatively impacted.

We have entered into, and may enter into in the future, joint development, product collaboration and technology licensing arrangements with some of our largest customers, and we expect to enter into new strategic arrangements of these kinds from time to time in the future. Such arrangements can magnify several risks for us, including loss of control over the development and development timeline of jointly developed products, risks associated with the ownership of the intellectual property developed pursuant to such arrangements, and increased risk that our joint development activities may result in products that are not commercially successful or that are not available in a timely fashion. In addition, any third party with whom we enter into a joint development, product collaboration, or technology licensing arrangement may fail to commit sufficient resources to the project, change its policies or priorities, or abandon or fail to perform its obligations related to such arrangement. We have previously and may in the future enter into customer product arrangements that provide for exclusivity periods during which we may only sell specified products or technologies to that particular customer. Any failure to timely develop commercially successful products through our joint development activities as a result of any of these and other challenges could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our success depends upon our ability to develop new products for new and existing customers, and to introduce these products in a timely and cost-effective manner. The development of new products involves significant investment and is highly complex. From time-to-time, we have experienced delays in developing and introducing these new products. Successful product development and introduction depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to:

- proper new product definition;

- timely completion of design and testing of new products;

- assisting our customers with integration of our components into their new products, including providing support from the concept stage through design, launch and production ramp;

- successfully developing and implementing software necessary to integrate our products into our customers’ products;

- achievement of acceptable manufacturing yields;

- availability of wafer fabrication, assembly, and test capacity; and

- market acceptance of our products and the products of our customers.

Both sales and/or margins may be materially affected if new product introductions are delayed, or if our products are not designed into successive generations of new or existing customers’ products. Our failure to develop and introduce new products successfully could harm our business and operating results.

In addition, difficulties associated with adapting our technology and product design to the proprietary process technology and design rules of new foundries can lead to complications resulting in delays and/or reduced yields of our products. Since low yields may result from either design or process technology failures, yield problems may not be effectively determined or resolved until an actual product exists that can be analyzed and tested to identify process sensitivities relating to the design rules that are used. As a result, yield problems may not be identified until well into the production process, and resolution of yield problems may require cooperation between our manufacturer and us. This risk could be compounded by the offshore location of certain of our manufacturers, increasing the effort and time required to identify, communicate, and resolve manufacturing yield problems. Manufacturing defects that we do not discover during the manufacturing or testing process may lead to costly product recalls. These risks may lead to increased costs or delayed product delivery, which would harm our profitability and customer relationships.

Product development in the markets we serve is becoming more focused on the integration of multiple functions on individual devices. There is a general trend towards increasingly complex products, including software or firmware developed by us and/or third parties. The greater integration of functions and complexity of operations of our products increases the risk that we or our customers or end users could discover latent defects or subtle faults after volumes of product have been shipped. Quality and reliability issues could result in material costs and other adverse consequences to us, including, but not limited to: - reduced margins; - damage to our reputation; - replacement costs for product warranty and support; - payments to our customers related to recall claims, or the delivery of product replacements as part of a recall claim, as a result of various industry or business practices, contractual requirements, or in order to maintain good customer relationships; - an adverse impact to our customer relationships by the occurrence of significant defects; - a delay in recognition or loss of revenues, loss of market share, or failure to achieve market acceptance; - writing off or reserving the value of inventory of such products; and - a diversion of the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts.

In addition, any defects or other problems with our products could result in financial losses or other damages to our customers who could seek damages from us for their losses. A product liability or warranty claim brought against us, even if unsuccessful, would likely be time consuming and costly to defend. In particular, the sale of systems and components that are incorporated into certain applications for the automotive industry involves a high degree of risk that such claims may be made. While we believe that we are reasonably insured against some of these risks and that we have attempted to contractually limit our financial exposure with many of our customers, a warranty or product liability claim against us in excess of our available insurance coverage and established reserves, or a requirement that we participate in a customer product recall, could have material adverse effects on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our hardware and software products, including software tools deployed by our customers, may be vulnerable to cyber-attacks. An attack could disrupt the proper functioning of our products, disrupt or cause errors in our customers' products, allow unauthorized access to our or our customers' proprietary information, or cause other destructive outcomes. A failure to prevent or mitigate such an attack could harm our business reputation, diminish our competitive position in the market, and expose us to significant expense and liability.

The costs to eliminate or alleviate cyber or other security problems, bugs, viruses, worms, phishing attempts, ransomware, malicious software programs and security vulnerabilities could be significant, and our efforts to address these problems may not succeed and could result in interruptions, delays, an inability to access information, cessation of service and loss of existing or potential customers that may impede our sales, manufacturing, distribution or other critical functions.

Our investments into new markets subject us to additional risks. We may have limited or no experience in these markets, and our customers may not adopt our new offerings. These new offerings may present new and difficult challenges, including risks related to technology, customers, competitors, product cycles, customer demand, terms and conditions and other industry specific issues which could negatively affect our operating results. These developing products and market segments may not grow as significantly or as quickly as projected, or at all, and we may not realize an adequate return on our investments or may be required to write-down the value of certain tangible and intangible assets.

Our customers, particularly in the smartphone market, could potentially transition to different audio and system architectures, develop their own competing technologies and ICs, integrate the functionality that our ICs and software have historically provided into other components in their systems, or eliminate certain functionality that our products provide in their future end products. Some of the audio and voice functionality and/or some of our high-performance mixed-signal functionality that we have historically provided could be performed outside of our components. If our customers were to transition to these different system architectures or to eliminate certain functionality in their future end products, our results of operations could be adversely affected, resulting in reduced average selling prices for our components and loss of revenue.

There has been an increase in the number of new and/or more stringent environmental laws, rules, and regulations introduced in various jurisdictions related to controlling the transportation, storage, use, and discharge of certain chemicals and materials used in the process of manufacturing semiconductors. Additionally, our customers have certain requirements and expectations related to the potential environmental impacts of their products and the processes used to manufacture them.

For example, a number of domestic and foreign jurisdictions regulate, or may seek to regulate, the use of a class of chemicals known as per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (“PFAS”), which are currently used in our products or the manufacture of some of our products. Additionally, the European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (“RoHS”) Directive restricts the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment while the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (“REACH”) regulation addresses the production and use of chemical substances.

To comply with these regulations, and to meet customer requirements, we have in the past worked, and may in the future, need to work, with our supply chain to eliminate certain substances from the manufacturing processes used to produce our products. There may be instances where alternative substances will not be available or commercially feasible, or may only be available from a single source, or may be significantly more expensive than their restricted counterparts – resulting in increased manufacturing costs. Additionally, if we are unable to comply with the regulations, we may be subject to fines, penalties, and/or restrictions imposed by government agencies.

We expect that these and other rapidly changing laws, regulations, policies, interpretations, and expectations, as well as increased enforcement actions by various governmental and regulatory agencies, will continue to increase the cost of our compliance and internal risk management programs, which could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Further, if our practices and disclosures do not meet the expectations and standards of our stockholders, customers, and other industry stakeholders, our reputation and business activities may be negatively impacted and our appeal to certain investors may be reduced.

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patents and to preserve our other intellectual property rights covering our products. We seek patent protection for those inventions and technologies for which we believe such protection is suitable and is likely to provide a competitive advantage to us. We also rely on trade secrets, proprietary technology, non-disclosure and other contractual terms, and technical measures to protect our technology and manufacturing knowledge. We actively work to foster continuing technological innovation to maintain and protect our competitive position. We cannot provide assurances that steps taken by us to protect our intellectual property will be adequate, that our competitors will not independently develop or design around our patents, or that our intellectual property will not be misappropriated. In addition, the laws of some non-U.S. countries may not protect our intellectual property as well as the laws of the United States.

Any of these events could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results, or financial condition. Policing infringement of our technology is difficult, and litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights. Any such litigation could be expensive, take significant time, and divert management’s attention.

Our quarterly and annual operating results are affected by a wide variety of factors that could materially and adversely affect our net sales, gross margin, and operating results. If our operating results fall below expectations of market analysts or investors, the market price of our common stock could decrease significantly. We are subject to business cycles and it is difficult to predict the timing, length, or volatility of these cycles. These business cycles may create pressure on our sales, gross margin, and/or operating results and make it difficult for us to predict operating results as between subsequent fiscal quarters.

Factors that could cause fluctuations and materially and adversely affect our net sales, gross margin and/or operating results include, but are not limited to: - the volume and timing of orders received; - changes in the mix of our products sold; - market acceptance of our products and the products of our customers; - excess or obsolete inventory; - pricing pressures from competitors and key customers; - our ability to introduce new products on a timely basis; - the timing and extent of our research and development expenses; - the failure to anticipate changing customer product requirements; - disruption in the supply of wafers, assembly, or test services; - reduction of manufacturing yields; - certain production and other risks associated with using independent manufacturers, assembly houses, and testers; and - product obsolescence, price erosion, competitive developments, and other competitive factors.

We are subject to taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom (“U.K.”), where a number of our subsidiaries are organized. Due to economic and political conditions, tax laws in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant change. For example, many countries have started to implement legislation and other guidance to align their international tax rules with the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting recommendations and action plan that aim to standardize and modernize global corporate tax policy, including implementation of a global minimum tax (“Pillar Two”). These and other changes in tax laws and regulations may impact both our international and domestic tax liabilities and result in increased complexity and uncertainty and may adversely affect our provision for income taxes. Our future effective tax rates could be affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, or changes in tax laws or their interpretation. If our effective tax rates were to increase, particularly in the U.S. or the U.K., or if the ultimate determination of taxes owed is for an amount in excess of amounts previously accrued, our operating results, cash flows, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Significant judgment is required in the calculation of our tax provision and the resulting tax liabilities. Our estimates of future taxable income and the regional mix of this income can change as new information becomes available. Any such changes in our estimates or assumptions can significantly impact our tax provision in a given period. For discussion of our income taxes, see Note 17 - Income Taxes, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8.

We are also subject to the examination of our tax returns and other tax matters by the U.S Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and other tax authorities and governmental bodies. We regularly assess the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for taxes. There can be no assurance as to the outcome of these examinations.

The Company’s fiscal year 2017, 2018, and 2019 federal income tax returns are under examination by the IRS. The IRS has proposed adjustments that would increase U.S. taxable income related to transfer pricing matters with respect to our U.S. and U.K. affiliated companies. The final Revenue Agent’s Report asserted additional tax of approximately $168.3 million, excluding interest, and imposing penalties of approximately $63.7 million. We do not agree with the IRS’s positions and we are vigorously defending against the proposed adjustments. We are pursuing resolution through the administrative process with the IRS Independent Office of Appeals and, if necessary, through judicial remedies. We expect it could take a number of years to reach resolution on these matters. Although the final resolution of these matters is uncertain, the Company believes adequate amounts have been reserved for any adjustments to the provision for income taxes that may ultimately result. However, if the IRS prevails in these matters, the assessed tax, interest, and penalties, if any, could have an adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in future periods.

Our operations are currently structured to benefit from various incentives available to us in various jurisdictions to encourage research and development investment. For example, we receive a research and development expenditure credit in the United Kingdom ("RDEC"), which is recorded for accounting purposes as an offset to research and development expenses in the Company’s consolidated income statement and resulted in a benefit of $43 million in fiscal year 2025. The Company makes estimates of the RDEC receivable as of each balance sheet date, based upon facts known at the time. Although the Company does not expect its estimates to be materially different from the amounts ultimately recognized, its estimates could differ from actual results. To date, there have not been any material adjustments to the Company's prior estimates of RDEC receivables. If such credit is modified or rescinded, or we are no longer eligible for such credit, our financial results could be adversely impacted, including increasing our R&D expenses, decreasing our profitability, and adversely affecting our cash flows. See further discussion of the research and development expenditure credit in the U.K. in Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Government Assistance, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8.

Shifts in industry-wide capacity from shortages to oversupply, or from oversupply to shortages, may result in significant fluctuations in our quarterly and annual operating results. In addition, we may order wafers and build inventory in advance of receiving purchase orders from our customers. Because our industry is highly cyclical and is subject to significant downturns resulting from excess capacity, overproduction, reduced demand, order cancellations, or technological obsolescence, there is a risk that we will forecast inaccurately and produce excess inventories of particular products. On occasion, customers have cancelled, and may in the future cancel, reschedule orders, or change future product plans on short notice, leaving us with the potential for excess inventory. In addition, if we experience supply constraints or manufacturing problems at a particular supplier, we may seek to switch suppliers or qualify additional suppliers. Other suppliers may not be available at the time we seek to switch or qualify additional suppliers. Even if additional capacity is available elsewhere, the switching and/or qualifying of additional suppliers could be an expensive process and could take as long as six to twelve months to complete, which could result in material adverse fluctuations to our operating results.

Due to the product manufacturing cycle characteristic of IC manufacturing and the inherent imprecision in the accuracy of our customers’ forecasts, product inventories may not always correspond to product demand, leading to shortages or surpluses of certain products. As a result of such inventory imbalances, future inventory write-downs and charges to gross margin may occur due to lower of cost or market accounting, excess inventory, and inventory obsolescence.

The market price of our common stock fluctuates significantly. This fluctuation has been or may be the result of numerous factors, including, but not limited to: - actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; - announcements concerning our business or those of our competitors, customers, or suppliers; - loss of a significant customer, or customers; - changes in financial estimates by securities analysts or our failure to perform as anticipated by the analysts; - news, commentary, and rumors emanating from the media relating to our customers, the industry, or us. These reports may be unrelated to the actual operating performance of the Company, and in some cases, may be potentially misleading or incorrect; - announcements regarding technological innovations or new products by us or our competitors; - announcements by us of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, or capital commitments; - announcements by us of significant divestitures or sale of certain assets or intellectual property; - litigation arising out of a wide variety of matters, including, employment matters and intellectual property matters; - departure of key personnel; - a significant stockholder selling for any reason; - general conditions in the IC industry; and - general market conditions and interest rates.

As a global enterprise, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Certain of our assets, including certain bank accounts, exist in non-U.S. dollar-denominated currencies, which are sensitive to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The principal non-U.S. dollar-denominated currency is the British Pound Sterling. We also have a significant number of employees that are paid in foreign currency, the largest group being U.K.-based employees who are paid in British Pounds Sterling.

If the value of the U.S. dollar weakens relative to these specific currencies, the cost of doing business in terms of U.S. dollars rises. With the growth of our international business, our foreign currency exposures may grow and under certain circumstances, could harm our business.

If we do not hedge against these risks, or our attempts to hedge against these risks are not successful, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

On July 8, 2021, the Company entered into a second amended and restated credit agreement (the “Second Amended Credit Agreement”) which provides for a $300 million senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). The Revolving Credit Facility matures on July 8, 2026 (the “Maturity Date”). As of March 29, 2025, the Company did not have an outstanding balance under the Revolving Credit Facility. To the extent the Company has an outstanding balance, our ability to repay the principal of, to pay interest on, or to refinance our indebtedness, depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive, regulatory, and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. Our business may not generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to satisfy our obligations or to make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or delaying investments or capital expenditures, selling assets, or refinancing or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance any indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on the Second Amended Credit Agreement.

Our Second Amended Credit Agreement contains various covenants that could limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions under certain conditions. These covenants could limit our ability to, among other things: - pay dividends on, repurchase, or make distributions in respect of our capital stock or make other restricted payments; - incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares; - make certain investments; - sell certain assets; - create liens; - consolidate, merge, sell, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and - enter into certain transactions with our affiliates.

A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under the Second Amended Credit Agreement. In the event of a default, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts then outstanding to be immediately due and payable. If our lenders accelerate the repayment of borrowings, we may not be able to repay our debt obligations. If we were unable to repay amounts due to the lenders under our credit facility, those lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness.

The nature of our international business subjects us to the export control regulations of the U.S. Department of State and the Department of Commerce. Any changes regarding such regulations or U.S. trade policy more generally, including potential adoption and expansion of trade restrictions or export controls, particularly with respect to China, may impact overall customer demand for our products or affect our ability to manufacture and/or sell our products overseas. Additionally, in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the U.S. government has imposed numerous export controls and sanctions related to Russia.

Although we have had licenses in the past to export certain products and technologies, particularly to China, and we have historically had limited sales to companies in Russia, any alleged violation could expose us to significant cost, with any final determination of a violation of these export control regulations potentially resulting in monetary penalties and denial of export privileges. Although we are not aware of any violation of any export control regulations, a failure to comply with any of these regulations could have an adverse effect on our business.

Further, we are subject to the risk of illicit diversion of our products to unauthorized end-users, such as sanctioned entities in Russia and/or China, who may use the products for purposes for which they are not intended, which could expose the Company to significant regulatory penalties, reputational harm, and termination of key supplier and/or distributor relationships, which may materially and adversely affect our business operations and financial condition.

The IC industry is characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. We may find it necessary to initiate lawsuits to assert our patent or other intellectual property rights. These legal proceedings could be expensive, take significant time, and divert management’s attention. We cannot provide assurances that we will ultimately be successful in any lawsuit, nor can we provide assurances that any patent owned by us will not be invalidated, circumvented, or challenged. We cannot provide assurances that rights granted under our patents will provide competitive advantages to us, or that any of our pending or future patent applications will be issued with the scope of the claims sought by us, if at all.

As is typical in the IC industry, our customers and we have, from time to time, received and may in the future receive, communications from third parties asserting patents, mask work rights, or copyrights. In the event third parties were to make a valid intellectual property claim and a license was not available on commercially reasonable terms, our operating results could be harmed. Litigation, which could result in substantial cost to us and diversion of our management, technical and financial resources, may also be necessary to defend us against claimed infringement of the rights of others. An unfavorable outcome in any such litigation could have an adverse effect on our future operations and/or liquidity.

Certain provisions of Delaware law and of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if our stockholders support the acquisition. These provisions include, but are not limited to:

- the inability of stockholders to call a special meeting of stockholders;

- a prohibition on stockholder action by written consent; and

- a requirement that stockholders provide advance notice of any stockholder nominations of directors or any proposal of new business to be considered at any meeting of stockholders.

We are also subject to the anti-takeover laws of Delaware that may prevent, delay, or impede a third party from acquiring or merging with us, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Our Bylaws provide, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, a state court located within the State of Delaware or, if no state court located within the State of Delaware has jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware, will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be the sole and exclusive forum for certain legal actions between the Company and its stockholders. In addition, our Bylaws provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The exclusive forum clauses described above do not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of, and consented to, the provisions of our Bylaws described in the preceding sentences. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ certificates of incorporation or bylaws has been challenged in legal proceedings and there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such provisions. In addition, investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. This forum selection provision may increase costs to bring a claim, discourage claims, or limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that such stockholder finds favorable for disputes with the Company or the Company’s directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against the Company or the Company’s directors, officers, and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the forum selection provision contained in the Company’s Bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, the Company could incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions.

Providing public disclosures regarding ESG matters, for example sustainability reporting, has become more broadly expected by investors, shareholders, existing and potential employees, customers, and other third parties. Certain organizations currently, and other organizations may in the future, use such disclosures to evaluate companies regarding ESG activities and publish scores or ratings based upon ESG or “sustainability” metrics. Potential and current investors may use the Company’s ESG ratings to guide their investment strategies and may decrease or withdraw investment, or alternatively increase investment in our competitors, if our ESG performance is perceived to be lagging. The qualitative and quantitative criteria regarding ESG may continue to evolve and we may need to modify our practices and/or incur additional or unexpected costs to satisfy these expectations. We may communicate certain goals or initiatives regarding our ESG activities from time to time, including goals relating to our carbon footprint, and if we are unable to meet those goals or they are perceived to be inadequate, we could be exposed to reputational damage and other emerging areas of risk. In addition, one or more of our customers has required, and other customers may in the future request, that we achieve certain carbon emission reductions and/or commit to the use of renewable energy in the manufacture of our goods. Such requests may require us to modify our supply chain practices, make capital investments to modify certain aspects of our operations, or increase our operating costs. There can be no assurance of the extent to which any of our climate goals or the goals of our customers will be achieved or that any future investments that we make in furtherance of achieving our climate goals or the goals of our customers will produce the expected results or meet increasing stakeholder environmental, social and governance expectations.

If we do not meet these goals, we could incur adverse publicity and reaction or the loss of business from certain of our customers, which could adversely impact our reputation, and in turn adversely impact our results of operations. Further, we are subject to increased government laws, regulations, and other standards that impose operational and reporting requirements related to ESG matters, and we will likely be subject to further evolving ESG reporting standards in the future. Collecting, measuring, and reporting ESG information and metrics in response to these increased requirements can be costly, difficult, and time consuming. With these additional regulations and disclosures, we may see our legal compliance, financial reporting, and auditing costs increase along with the emergence of risks associated with the collection, data assurance, and disclosure related to such ESG information.

Our insurance policies may not be adequate to fully offset losses from covered incidents, and we do not have coverage for certain losses. For example, there is limited coverage available with respect to the services provided by our third-party foundries and assembly and test subcontractors. Although we believe that our existing insurance coverage is consistent with common practices of companies in our industry, our insurance coverage may be inadequate to protect us against product recalls, natural disasters (including those related to changes in climate), cybersecurity and/or information security breaches, and other unforeseen catastrophes that could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We currently own our U.S. headquarters and research facility in Austin, Texas. The ownership of our U.S. properties subjects us to the risks of owning real property, which may include:

- the possibility of environmental contamination and the costs associated with correcting any environmental problems;

- adverse changes in the value of these properties, due to interest rate changes, changes in the neighborhood in which the property is located, or other factors; and

- the risk of financial loss in excess of amounts covered by insurance, or uninsured risks, such as the loss caused by damage to the buildings as a result of fire, floods, or other natural disasters (including those related to changes in climate).

ITEM 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

ITEM 1C.  Cybersecurity

We have policies and processes in place that are designed to assess, identify and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. We regularly assess risks from cybersecurity threats, including any potential unauthorized occurrence on or conducted through our information systems that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information systems or any information residing therein. We use recognized industry frameworks and standards as guides in identifying, assessing and managing cybersecurity risks relevant to our operations. For example, we primarily use NIST CSF (National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework) for this purpose.

Key components of our cybersecurity risk management strategy include:

•We have a dedicated Information Security team principally responsible for implementing and managing our cybersecurity strategy and controls.

•We use industry standard technologies and tools appropriate to our operations which are designed to prevent and detect unauthorized access to, or compromise of, our network, servers, endpoints and external applications, such as multi-factor authentication, malware protection, firewalls and monitoring controls.

•We regularly train our personnel on cybersecurity awareness and conduct periodic additional awareness and training activities such as simulated phishing campaigns.

•We have in place an Incident Response Plan that governs how we respond to and manage cybersecurity incidents. We conduct regular tabletop exercises to test our response to potential incidents.

•We use third-party service providers where appropriate to design, implement and support aspects of our security processes as well as to monitor and test our safeguards.

Our cybersecurity risk management strategy forms part of our overall enterprise risk management program. We conduct regular risk assessments designed to identify cybersecurity threats and other risks to the company. These risk assessments include identifying reasonably foreseeable potential internal and external risks, the likelihood of occurrence, and any potential damage that could result from such risks. We also evaluate the sufficiency of our existing internal controls and monitor the effectiveness of such safeguards. In response, we adjust our processes and controls as necessary.

Our risk management process also encompasses cybersecurity risks associated with our use of third-party service providers. For example, as part of our contract management process, we conduct IT security reviews, and require executive approval by the General Counsel, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Global Operations in relation to products or services that could potentially expose our company to cybersecurity risks.

As of the end of fiscal year 2025, we have not identified any risks from known cybersecurity threats (including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our business strategy, results of operations or financial conditions. While our cybersecurity risk management strategy is intended to assess, identify and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats, it may not adequately do so in every instance, particularly given the evolving nature of the cybersecurity threat landscape. We expect that our policies and processes will continue to be subject to update as the risks from cybersecurity threats change. For more information about risks from cybersecurity threats, and whether they are reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of operations or financial conditions, please see the Risk factors discussion in Item 1A of this Form 10-K, including “Risks related to system security, cyber-attacks and data breaches”.

The Board of Directors’ overall risk oversight function includes receiving reports on the Company’s cybersecurity risks and our risk management processes, and assessing whether our risk management strategies are reasonably designed to address such risks. The Board has delegated this oversight responsibility to our Audit Committee, which reports periodically to the Board as appropriate.

Our Executive Vice President of Global Operations and our Director of Information Security are responsible for ongoing assessment and supervision of cybersecurity risks, supported by a dedicated Information Security team who reports up to those individuals. Our Director of Information Security has primary oversight of material risks from cybersecurity threats, has over 25 years of experience in cybersecurity-related roles and holds industry-recognized certifications. Our Executive Vice President of Global Operations and Director of Information Security review and evaluate our cybersecurity readiness through internal cybersecurity measures and metrics, as well as third-party penetration tests and control assessments against industry standards. We also employ various defensive and continuous monitoring techniques designed to escalate potential issues in a timely manner to our Director of Information Security.

Our Director of Information Security meets with the Audit Committee at least twice a year to discuss our cybersecurity risks, strategy, and activities, including cybersecurity incidents and responses, cybersecurity systems testing, third-party activities and related topics. In addition, we have governance and compliance structures that are designed to elevate issues relating to cybersecurity to executive officers, and, as appropriate, to the Audit Committee and Board.

ITEM 2.  Properties

As of March 29, 2025, our principal facilities are located in Austin, Texas and Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. The Austin facilities, which we own, consist of approximately 155,000 square feet of office space and are primarily occupied by research and development personnel and testing equipment. We also have leased facilities in Austin, Texas, consist of approximately 280,000 square feet that house a mixture of administrative personnel as well as research and development personnel. Additionally, we lease approximately 125,000 square feet of office space and high quality lab space in Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. See further details below in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.

Below is a schedule that identifies our principal locations of occupied leased and owned property as of March 29, 2025, with various contractual lease terms through calendar year 2048. We believe that these facilities are suitable and adequate to meet our current operating needs.

 

Design Centers						Sales Support Offices – International
Austin, Texas						Beijing, China
Chandler, Arizona						Shanghai, China
Cupertino, California						Shenzhen, China
Greensboro, North Carolina						Tokyo, Japan
Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom						Singapore
Newbury, England, United Kingdom						Seoul, South Korea
						Taipei, Taiwan

See Note 10 — Leases of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for further detail.

ITEM 3.  Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of our business activities. We regularly evaluate the status of legal proceedings in which we are involved to assess whether a loss is probable or there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or additional loss may have been incurred and to determine if accruals are appropriate. We further evaluate each legal proceeding to assess whether an estimate of possible loss or range of loss can be made.

Based on current knowledge, management does not believe that there are any pending matters that could potentially have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.  However, we are engaged in various legal actions in the normal course of business.  While there can be no assurances in light of the inherent uncertainties involved in any potential legal proceedings, some of which are beyond our control, an adverse outcome in any legal proceeding could be material to our results of operations or cash flows for any particular reporting period.

ITEM 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ's Global Select Market under the symbol CRUS.

As of May 21, 2025, there were 299 holders of record of our common stock.

We have not paid any dividends on our capital stock. We do not anticipate declaring or paying in the foreseeable future any dividends on our capital stock. Any future determination to pay dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, and other factors. Our future ability to pay dividends on our capital stock may be limited by the terms of any future debt that we may incur or any preferred securities that we may issue in the future.

The following table provides information about purchases of equity securities that are registered by us pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act during the three months ended March 29, 2025 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Monthly Period			Total Number of Shares Purchased						Average Price Paid Per Share						Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs						Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
December 29, 2024 - January 25, 2025			—						$	—					—						$	154,110
January 26, 2025 - February 22, 2025			699						107.35						699						79,049
February 23, 2025 - March 29, 2025			228						109.39						228						554,108
Total			927						$	107.85					927						$	554,108

(1) The Company currently has two active share repurchase authorizations: $500 million in share repurchases authorized by the Board of Directors in July 2022 and $500 million in share repurchases authorized by the Board of Directors in March 2025. The repurchases are to be funded from existing cash and intended to be effected from time to time in accordance with applicable securities laws through the open market, including pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of the repurchases and the actual amount purchased depend on a variety of factors including general market and economic conditions and other corporate considerations. The program does not have an expiration date, does not obligate the Company to repurchase any particular amount of common stock, and may be modified or suspended at any time at the Company's discretion. The Company repurchased 0.9 million shares of its common stock for $100.0 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025 under the 2022 authorization. All shares of our common stock that were repurchased were retired as of March 29, 2025.

The Company's net stock repurchases are subject to a 1 percent excise tax under the Inflation Reduction Act, which is a reduction to accumulated earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity. Disclosure of repurchased amounts and related average price paid per share in the table above excludes the impact of excise taxes.

The following graph and table show a comparison of the five-year cumulative total stockholder return ("TSR"), calculated on a dividend reinvestment basis, for Cirrus Logic, the Russell 3000 Index, and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index.

 

						3/28/2020						3/27/2021						3/26/2022						3/25/2023						3/30/2024						3/29/2025
Cirrus Logic, Inc.						100.00						134.06						141.62						170.50						149.44						160.64
Russell 3000 Index						100.00						165.16						185.21						162.98						218.50						233.21
Philadelphia Semiconductor Index						100.00						211.79						243.25						218.67						347.68						306.43

 

(1)The graph assumes that $100 was invested in our common stock and in each index at the market close on March 28, 2020, and that all dividends were reinvested. No cash dividends were declared on our common stock during the periods presented.

(2)Stockholder returns over the indicated period should not be considered indicative of future stockholder returns.

The information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K appearing under the heading “Stock Price Performance Graph” is being “furnished” pursuant to Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, other than as provided in Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act.

ITEM 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Our discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations are based upon the consolidated financial statements included in this report, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts. We evaluate the estimates on an on-going basis. We base these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. Our accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8.

The Company considers the following accounting policies to involve the highest degree of judgment in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements:

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a first-in, first-out basis. Cost is computed using standard costs, which approximate actual cost. The Company writes down inventories to net realizable value based on forecasted customer unit demand while taking into account product release schedules and product life cycles. The Company also reviews and writes down inventory, as appropriate, based on the age and condition of the inventory. Actual demand and market conditions may be different from those projected by management, which could have a material effect on our operating results and financial position.

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves assessing uncertainties with respect to the application of complex tax rules. Uncertain tax positions must meet a more likely than not threshold to be recognized in the financial statements and the tax benefits recognized are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon final settlement. The ultimate settlement of uncertain tax positions may differ from our estimates, which could result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the income tax provision in the relevant period. See Note 17 — Income Taxes of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for additional details.

For a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements, refer to Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Cirrus Logic develops low-power, high-precision mixed-signal processing solutions for a broad range of customers. We track operating results in one reportable segment, but report revenue performance by product line: Audio and HPMS products. In fiscal year 2025, the Company made good progress executing on strategic initiatives. In our flagship smartphone audio business we began shipping the latest-generation of our boosted amplifier and first 22-nanometer smart codec. We also expanded our HPMS content in smartphones as we benefited from increased unit shipments of our camera controllers and broadened our footprint with our general market haptic components.

Additionally, we made considerable progress leveraging our investments in Audio and HPMS into new applications and markets. Our achievements in the laptop market, which is our most immediate growth opportunity, included securing our first high-volume mainstream design win with our latest PC codec, increasing our direct engagement with PC OEMs, and further expanding our presence in leading reference designs. During fiscal year 2025, we also made advancements with our general market business where we have been selectively developing new components that offer sustained differentiation.

Fiscal year 2025 net sales of $1.90 billion represented an increase over fiscal year 2024 net sales of $1.79 billion. Audio product line sales of $1.14 billion in fiscal year 2025 increased 5 percent from fiscal year 2024 sales of $1.08 billion. The most significant drivers of the increase were sales associated with our latest-generation products and higher smartphone volumes, partially offset by weakness in general market sales versus the prior fiscal year. HPMS product line sales of $758.9 million represented an 8 percent increase from fiscal year 2024 sales of $705.0 million, largely attributable to higher content in smartphones and sales associated with latest-generation products, partially offset by lower general market sales.

Overall, gross margin for fiscal year 2025 was 52.5 percent. The increase in gross margin for fiscal year 2025 reflects a more favorable product mix. This was partially offset by unfavorable inventory reserve expense and higher supply chain costs. The Company’s number of employees increased from 1,625 as of March 30, 2024 to 1,660 as of March 29, 2025. The Company achieved net income of $331.5 million in fiscal year 2025, which included an income tax provision in the amount of $113.4 million.

A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 2025 compared to fiscal year 2024 is presented below. A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 2024, which was a 53-week fiscal year, compared to fiscal year 2023 can be found under Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 30, 2024, filed with the SEC on May 24, 2024.

The following table summarizes the results of our operations for each of the past three fiscal years as a percentage of net sales. All percentage amounts were calculated using the underlying data, in thousands:

						Fiscal Years Ended
						March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024						March 25, 2023
Net sales						100		%				100		%				100		%
Gross margin						53		%				51		%				50		%
Research and development						23		%				24		%				24		%
Selling, general and administrative						8		%				8		%				8		%
Restructuring						—		%				—		%				1		%
Intangibles impairment						—		%				—		%				4		%
Income from operations						22		%				19		%				13		%
Interest income						2		%				1		%				—		%
Interest expense						—		%				—		%				—		%
Other income (expense)						—		%				—		%				—		%
Income before income taxes						24		%				20		%				13		%
Provision for income taxes						6		%				5		%				4		%
Net income						18		%				15		%				9		%

We report sales in two product line categories: Audio products and HPMS products. Our sales by product line are shown in the table below (in thousands).

 

						Fiscal Years Ended
						March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024						March 25, 2023
Audio Products						$	1,137,157					$	1,083,939					$	1,172,007
HPMS Products						758,920						704,951						725,610
						$	1,896,077					$	1,788,890					$	1,897,617

Net sales for fiscal year 2025 increased by 6 percent, to $1.90 billion from $1.79 billion in fiscal year 2024. Audio product sales increased $53.2 million, or 5 percent in fiscal year 2025. The most significant drivers of the increase were sales associated with our latest-generation products and higher smartphone volumes, offset by weakness in general market sales versus the prior fiscal year. The increase in net sales also reflects a $54.0 million increase in HPMS product sales, or 8 percent, from fiscal year 2024 sales of $705.0 million, primarily due to higher content in smartphones and sales associated with latest-generation products, partially offset by lower general market sales.

International sales, including sales to U.S.-based end customers that manufacture products through contract manufacturers or plants located overseas, were approximately $1.9 billion in 2025 and $1.8 billion in each of fiscal years 2024 and 2023, representing 99 percent, 99 percent, and 97 percent of net sales in fiscal year 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Our sales are denominated primarily in U.S. dollars.

Overall gross margin of 52.5 percent for fiscal year 2025 increased from fiscal year 2024 gross margin of 51.2 percent. The increase reflects a more favorable product mix. This was partially offset by unfavorable inventory reserve expense and higher supply chain costs, compared to fiscal year 2024. Changes in excess and obsolete inventory charges, including scrapped inventory, and sales of product written down in prior periods did not have a material impact on margin in fiscal year 2025.

Fiscal year 2025 research and development expenses of $434.7 million reflect an increase of $8.2 million, or 2 percent, from fiscal year 2024. The increase was attributable to increased employee-related, variable compensation, and facilities-related costs, offset by decreased stock-based compensation, and acquisition-related costs, in addition to increased R&D incentives versus fiscal year 2024. See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Government Assistance of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for additional details relating to R&D incentives.

Fiscal year 2025 selling, general and administrative expenses of $151.0 million reflect an increase of $6.8 million, or 5 percent, compared to fiscal year 2024. The increase was primarily attributable to increased employee-related and variable compensation costs in fiscal year 2025.

In fiscal year 2024, the Company recorded $2.0 million in net costs primarily related to a workforce reduction action taken in the second quarter of fiscal year 2024.

Interest income in fiscal years 2025 and 2024 was $34.0 million and $21.5 million, respectively. The increase in interest income in fiscal year 2025 versus prior year was a function of higher yields on higher combined average cash, cash equivalent, and marketable securities balances throughout the year.

The Company reported interest expense of $0.9 million and $0.9 million for fiscal years 2025 and 2024, respectively, primarily as a result of commitment fees under the Revolving Credit Facility, described in Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.

In fiscal years 2025 and 2024, the Company reported $1.5 million and $(0.1) million, respectively, in other income (expense), related to remeasurement on foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities and other non-operating income and expenses.

We recorded income tax expense of $113.4 million in fiscal year 2025 on pre-tax income of $444.9 million, yielding an effective tax rate of 25.5 percent. We recorded income tax expense of $89.4 million in fiscal year 2024 on pre-tax income of $363.9 million, yielding an effective tax rate of 24.6 percent.

Our effective tax rates in fiscal years 2025 and 2024 were higher than the U.S. statutory rate of 21.0 percent, primarily due to U.S. tax paid on our foreign earnings resulting from an increase in global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI), which is treated as a period cost, and a reduction in foreign tax credits. GILTI is unfavorably impacted by a provision in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 that requires research and development expenditures incurred starting in fiscal year 2023 to be capitalized and amortized ratably over five or fifteen years depending on the location in which the research activities are conducted. In addition, U.S. tax rules introduced in fiscal year 2023 related to refundable tax credits, including R&D expenditure credits available to us in the United Kingdom, reduce the amount of foreign tax credits available to offset GILTI.

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has announced an Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, including Pillar Two Model Rules for a global minimum tax that call for the taxation of large multinational corporations at a minimum rate of 15%.

Certain jurisdictions in which we operate, including the United Kingdom, have enacted Pillar Two legislation. There was no material impact on our consolidated financial statements in fiscal year 2025.

For additional discussion about our income taxes, see Note 17 - Income Taxes of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.

In fiscal year 2025, cash flow from operations was $444.4 million. Operating cash flow during fiscal year 2025 was related to the cash components of our net income and a $23.4 million unfavorable change in working capital. The unfavorable change in working capital was driven primarily by increases in inventory and accounts receivable, partially offset by prepaid wafer usage (related to the Capacity Reservation Agreement). In fiscal year 2024, cash flow from operations was $421.7 million. Operating cash flow during fiscal year 2024 was related to the cash components of our net income and an $18.4 million favorable change in working capital, primarily driven by prepaid wafer usage (related to the Capacity Reservation Agreement), decreases in other assets and increased income taxes payable, partially offset by decreased accounts payable and acquisition-related liabilities, as well as increases in accounts receivable.

In fiscal year 2025, the Company used $124.3 million in cash for investing activities primarily related to $95.5 million in net purchases of marketable securities and capital expenditures and technology investments of $28.8 million. In fiscal year 2024, the Company used $163.0 million in cash for investing activities primarily related to $124.7 million in net purchases of marketable securities and capital expenditures and technology investments of $38.3 million.

In fiscal years 2025 and 2024, the Company used $283.2 million and $201.7 million, respectively, related to financing activities. In fiscal years 2025 and 2024, the Company utilized approximately $261.0 million and $186.0 million, respectively, in cash to repurchase and retire portions of its outstanding common stock. See Note 15 - Stockholders' Equity of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for a description of our share repurchase authorization.

See Note 8 — Revolving Credit Facility of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for additional information including material terms and related covenants.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of sales growth, market acceptance of our products, the timing and extent of research and development projects, and potential future acquisitions of companies or technologies, commitments under the Capacity Reservation Agreement with GlobalFoundries (discussed further in Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Item 1A. Risk Factors) and the expansion of our sales and marketing activities. We believe our expected future cash earnings, existing cash, cash equivalents, investment balances, and available borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements both domestically and internationally, in the short-term (i.e. the next 12 months) and in the long-term, although we could be required, or could elect, to seek additional funding prior to that time. As of March 29, 2025, the Company did not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements, that were reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

In our business activities, we incur certain commitments to make future payments under contracts such as debt agreements, purchase orders, operating leases and other long-term contracts.  See Note 8 - Revolving Credit Facility, Note 10 - Leases and Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies, of the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, for additional information related to these contractual obligations.

ITEM 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks associated with interest rates on drawn balances of our Revolving Credit Facility and marketable securities, and to currency movements on non-functional currency assets and liabilities. We assess these risks on a regular basis and have established policies that are designed to protect against the adverse effects of these and other potential exposures. All of the potential changes noted below are based on sensitivity analyses as of March 29, 2025. Actual results may differ materially.

Our primary financial instruments include cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities. The Company’s investments are managed by outside professional managers within investment guidelines set by the Company.  These guidelines include security type, credit quality, and maturity, and are intended to limit market risk by restricting the Company’s investments to high quality debt instruments with relatively short-term maturities.  The Company does not currently use derivative financial instruments in its investment portfolio. Due to the short-term nature of our investment portfolio, our downside exposure to interest rate risk is minimal.

To provide a meaningful assessment of the interest rate risk associated with our investment portfolio, the Company performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact a change in interest rates would have on the value of the investment portfolio assuming a 100 basis point parallel shift in the yield curve. Based on investment positions as of March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024, a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates across all maturities would result in a $4.1 million and $3.5 million decline in the fair market value of the portfolio, respectively. Such losses would only be realized if the Company sold the investments prior to maturity.

Our revenue and spending is transacted primarily in U.S. dollars; however, in fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, we entered into routine transactions in other currencies to fund the operating needs of certain legal entities outside of the U.S. Our balance sheet also reflects monetary assets and liabilities in certain entities which are remeasured to each entity’s functional currency. We use forward contracts to manage exposure to foreign currency exchange risk attributable to certain non-functional currency balance sheet exposures. Gains and losses from these foreign currency forward contracts are recognized currently in earnings along with the gains and losses resulting from remeasuring the underlying exposures. Because most of the aggregate balance sheet exposure is hedged by forward currency exchange contracts, at the end of any fiscal period a hypothetical 10 percent fluctuation in exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar would result in an immaterial pretax currency exchange gain or loss. See Note 5 - Derivative Financial Instruments for additional information related to our hedging activities.

ITEM 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 42 )			39
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024			42
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Fiscal Years Ended March 29, 2025, March 30, 2024, and March 25, 2023			43
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Fiscal Years Ended March 29, 2025, March 30, 2024, and March 25, 2023			44
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Fiscal Years Ended March 29, 2025, March 30, 2024, and March 25, 2023			45
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Fiscal Years Ended March 29, 2025, March 30, 2024, and March 25, 2023			46
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			47

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cirrus Logic, Inc. (the Company) as of March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended March 29, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended March 29, 2025, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 29, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated May 23, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1984.

We have audited Cirrus Logic, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 29, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Cirrus Logic, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 29, 2025, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended March 29, 2025, and the related notes and our report dated May 23, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

						March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents						$	539,620					$	502,764
Marketable securities						56,160						23,778
Accounts receivable, net						216,009						162,478
Inventories						299,092						227,248
Prepaid assets						48,236						48,047
Prepaid wafers						52,560						86,679
Other current assets						28,057						55,198
Total current assets						1,239,734						1,106,192
Long-term marketable securities						239,036						173,374
Right-of-use lease assets						126,688						138,288
Property and equipment, net						159,900						170,175
Intangibles, net						27,461						29,578
Goodwill						435,936						435,936
Deferred tax assets						48,150						48,649
Long-term prepaid wafers						15,512						60,750
Other assets						34,656						68,634
Total assets						$	2,327,073					$	2,231,576
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable						$	63,162					$	55,545
Accrued salaries and benefits						52,075						47,612
Software license agreements						26,745						31,866
Current lease liabilities						21,811						20,640
Other accrued liabilities						31,395						30,730
Total current liabilities						195,188						186,393
Long-term liabilities:
Non-current lease liabilities						121,908						134,576
Non-current income taxes						44,040						52,013
Software license agreements						16,488						41,073
Other long-term liabilities						—						507
Total long-term liabilities						182,436						228,169
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, 5,000 shares authorized but unissued						—						—
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 280,000 shares authorized, 52,291 shares and 53,491 shares issued and outstanding at March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024, respectively						52						53
Additional paid-in capital						1,860,229						1,760,648
Accumulated earnings						90,351						58,916
Accumulated other comprehensive loss						(1,183)						(2,603)
Total stockholders’ equity						1,949,449						1,817,014
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity						$	2,327,073					$	2,231,576

 

						Fiscal Years Ended
						March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024						March 25, 2023
Net sales						$	1,896,077					$	1,788,890					$	1,897,617
Cost of sales						900,039						872,818						940,638
Gross profit						996,038						916,072						956,979
Operating expenses
Research and development						434,684						426,475						458,412
Selling, general and administrative						150,995						144,172						153,144
Restructuring						—						1,959						10,632
Intangibles impairment						—						—						85,760
Total operating expenses						585,679						572,606						707,948
Income from operations						410,359						343,466						249,031
Interest income						33,984						21,493						9,985
Interest expense						(898)						(915)						(898)
Other income (expense)						1,469						(108)						(3,379)
Income before income taxes						444,914						363,936						254,739
Provision for income taxes						113,407						89,364						78,036
Net income						331,507						274,572						176,703
Basic earnings per share						$	6.24					$	5.06					$	3.18
Diluted earnings per share						$	6.00					$	4.90					$	3.09
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding						53,135						54,290						55,614
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding						55,241						56,021						57,226

 

						Fiscal Years Ended
						March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024						March 25, 2023
Net income						$	331,507					$	274,572					$	176,703
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax
Foreign currency translation loss						(566)						(850)						(834)
Unrealized gain on marketable securities						2,514						996						430
Provision for income taxes						(528)						(210)						(90)
Comprehensive income						$	332,927					$	274,508					$	176,209

 

						Fiscal Years Ended
						March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024						March 25, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income						$	331,507					$	274,572					$	176,703
Adjustments to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization						50,951						48,292						71,202
Stock-based compensation expense						84,146						89,271						81,641
Deferred income taxes						(31)						(13,304)						(34,513)
Loss on retirement or write-off of long-lived assets						382						76						656
Other non-cash charges						779						2,362						3,102
Restructuring						—						1,959						10,632
Intangibles impairment						—						—						85,760
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net						(53,531)						(12,767)						89,791
Inventories						(71,844)						6,204						(95,014)
Prepaid wafers						79,357						47,571						—
Other assets						7,261						18,303						1,852
Accounts payable						9,148						(23,943)						(34,307)
Accrued salaries and benefits						4,463						(6,279)						(15,108)
Income taxes payable						15,577						15,108						(6,019)
Acquisition-related liabilities						—						(21,361)						12,654
Other accrued liabilities						(13,799)						(4,390)						(9,464)
Net cash provided by operating activities						444,366						421,674						339,568
Cash flows from investing activities:
Maturities and sales of available-for-sale marketable securities						35,296						37,032						18,683
Purchases of available-for-sale marketable securities						(130,827)						(161,699)						(15,299)
Purchases of property, equipment and software						(22,776)						(37,650)						(35,090)
Investments in technology						(5,977)						(695)						(1,624)
Net cash used in investing activities						(124,284)						(163,012)						(33,330)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of acquisition-related holdback						—						—						(30,949)
Issuance of common stock, net of shares withheld for taxes						15,433						3,329						10,145
Repurchase of stock to satisfy employee tax withholding obligations						(37,637)						(19,016)						(18,082)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock						(261,022)						(185,995)						(191,382)
Net cash used in financing activities						(283,226)						(201,682)						(230,268)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents						36,856						56,980						75,970
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period						502,764						445,784						369,814
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period						$	539,620					$	502,764					$	445,784
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash payments during the year for:
Income taxes						$	51,709					$	43,377					$	91,955
Interest						404						658						537

CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

 

We were incorporated in California in 1984, became a public company in 1989, and were reincorporated in the State of Delaware in February 1999. Our primary facility housing engineering, sales and marketing, and administration functions is located in Austin, Texas. We also have offices in various other locations in the United States, United Kingdom, and Asia, including the People’s Republic of China, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. Our common stock, which has been publicly traded since 1989, is listed on the NASDAQ's Global Select Market under the symbol CRUS.

We prepare financial statements on a 52- or 53-week year that ends on the last Saturday in March. Fiscal years 2025 and 2023 were 52-week years. Fiscal year 2024 was a 53-week year.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of management estimates. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at fiscal year-end and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds, U.S. Government Treasury and Agency instruments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.

We account for leases under ASC 842, Leases. Our leases generally contain fixed rental payments, with additional variable payments linked to actual common area maintenance costs incurred by the landlord. These variable payments are not included within the lease liability and right-of-use ("ROU") asset, but are recognized as an expense when incurred. As our leases typically do not provide an implicit rate, the Company determines the Incremental Borrowing Rate ("IBR") for each lease based on the information available at the commencement date, taking into consideration necessary adjustments for collateral, currency, and lease term.

Operating leases in excess of 12 months are recognized on the balance sheet, with future lease payments recognized as a liability, measured at present value, and the ROU asset recognized for the lease term. Lease expense is recognized in the income statement over the lease term.

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a first-in, first-out basis. Cost is computed using standard costs, which approximate actual cost. One of the factors we consistently evaluate in the application of this method is the extent to which products are accepted into the marketplace. By policy, we evaluate market acceptance based on known business factors and conditions by comparing forecasted customer unit demand for our products over a specific future period, or demand horizon, to quantities on hand at the end of each accounting period.

On a quarterly and annual basis, we analyze inventories on a part-by-part basis. Product life cycles and the competitive nature of the industry are factors considered in the evaluation of customer unit demand at the end of each quarterly accounting period.

Inventory on-hand in excess of forecasted demand is considered to have reduced market value and, therefore, the cost basis is adjusted to net realizable value. Typically, market values for excess or obsolete inventories are considered to be zero. Inventory charges recorded for excess and obsolete inventory, including scrapped inventory, were $4.2 million in fiscal year 2025, related to a combination of quality issues and inventory exceeding demand. Net inventory reserve releases of $1.0 million in fiscal year 2024, primarily related to the sale of previously reserved inventory, offset by charges for excess and obsolete inventory.

Inventories were comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

			March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024
Work in process			$	216,173					$	130,842
Finished goods			82,919						96,406
			$	299,092					$	227,248

Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost, net of depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over estimated economic lives, ranging from 3 to 39 years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the term of the lease or the estimated useful life. Furniture, fixtures, machinery, and equipment are all depreciated over a useful life of 3 to 10 years, while buildings are depreciated over a period of up to 39 years. In general, our capitalized software is amortized over a useful life of 3 years, with capitalized enterprise resource planning software being amortized over a useful life of 10 years. Gains or losses related to retirements or dispositions of fixed assets are recognized in the period incurred. Additionally, if impairment indicators exist, the Company will assess the carrying value in relation to the calculated fair value of the associated asset. There were no material disposal charges for property, plant and equipment in fiscal years 2025 or 2024.

Property, plant and equipment was comprised of the following (in thousands):

Depreciation and amortization expense on property, plant, and equipment for fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $31.1 million, $28.1 million, and $27.1 million, respectively.

Goodwill is recorded at the time of an acquisition and is calculated as the difference between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of impairment exist. Impairment evaluations involve management’s assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired. If management concludes from its assessment of qualitative factors that it is more likely than not that impairment exists, then a quantitative impairment test will be performed involving management estimates of future cash flows. Significant management judgment is required in the forecasts of future operating results that are used in these evaluations. Following the quantitative test, an impairment charge would be recorded for the amount the carrying value exceeds the calculated fair value. We elected to perform the qualitative assessment of impairment for fiscal year 2025, and based on this assessment, we concluded it was not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. The Company has recorded no goodwill impairment in fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023.

Intangible assets include purchased technology licenses and patents that are reported at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives, generally ranging from 1 to 5 years. Acquired intangibles include existing technology, core technology or patents, license agreements, in-process research & development, trademarks, tradenames, customer relationships, and non-compete agreements. These assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over lives ranging from 1 to 15 years.

We regularly review whether facts or circumstances exist that indicate the carrying values of property, plant and equipment or other long-lived assets, including intangible assets, are impaired. We assess the recoverability of assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with those assets to their respective carrying amounts. We measure any impairment loss by comparing the fair value of the asset to its carrying amount. We estimate fair value based on discounted future cash flows, quoted market prices, or independent appraisals. See Note 7 — Intangibles, net and Goodwill for further detail. There were no material intangible asset impairments recorded in fiscal years 2025 or 2024.

Some of the Company's subsidiaries utilize the local currency as the functional currency. The Company’s main entities, including the entities that generate the majority of sales and employ the majority of employees, are U.S. dollar functional.

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to material concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, marketable securities, long-term marketable securities, and trade accounts receivable. We are exposed to credit risk to the extent of the amounts recorded on the balance sheet. By policy, our cash equivalents, marketable securities, and long-term marketable securities are subject to certain nationally recognized credit standards, issuer concentrations, sovereign risk, and marketability or liquidity considerations.

In evaluating our trade receivables, we perform credit evaluations of our major customers’ financial condition and monitor closely all of our receivables to limit our financial exposure by limiting the length of time and amount of credit extended. In certain situations, we may require payment in advance or utilize letters of credit to reduce credit risk. By policy, we establish a reserve for trade accounts receivable based on the type of business in which a customer is engaged, the length of time a trade account receivable is outstanding, and other knowledge that we may possess relating to the probability that a trade receivable is at risk for non-payment.

We had two contract manufacturers aggregated at their parent level, Foxconn and Luxsan, who represented 41 percent and 21 percent, respectively, of our consolidated gross trade accounts receivable as of the end of fiscal year 2025. We had three contract manufacturers aggregated at their parent level, Foxconn, Luxshare Precision, and Pegatron, who represented 43 percent, 11 percent, and 10 percent, respectively, of our consolidated gross trade accounts receivable as of the end of fiscal year 2024. No other distributor or contract manufacturer had receivable balances that represented more than 10 percent of consolidated gross trade accounts receivable as of the end of fiscal year 2025 or 2024.

Since the components we produce are largely proprietary and generally not available from second sources, we consider our end customer to be the entity specifying the use of our component in their design. These end customers may then purchase our products directly from us, from a distributor, or through a third-party manufacturer contracted to produce their end product. For fiscal years 2025, 2024 and 2023, our ten largest end customers represented approximately 96 percent, 95 percent and 92 percent of our net sales, respectively. For fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, we had one end customer, Apple Inc., who purchased through multiple contract manufacturers and represented approximately 89 percent, 87 percent, and 83 percent, of the Company’s total net sales, respectively. No other customer or distributor represented more than 10 percent of net sales in fiscal years 2025, 2024, or 2023.

We recognize revenue upon the transfer of promised goods or services to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Performance Obligations

The Company’s single performance obligation is the delivery of promised goods to the customer. The promised goods are explicitly stated in the customer contract and are comprised of a single type of good. This performance obligation is satisfied upon transfer of control of the promised goods to the customer, as defined per the shipping terms within the customer’s contract. The vast majority of the Company’s contracts with customers have an original expected term of one year or less.

Contract balances

Payments are typically due within 30 to 60 days of invoicing and terms do not include a significant financing component or noncash consideration. There have been no material impairment losses on accounts receivable. There are no material contract liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheets.

Transaction price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods to the customer. Fixed pricing is the consideration that is agreed upon in the customer contract. Variable pricing includes rights of return, price protection and stock rotation. Rights of return costs are estimated using the "most likely amount" method by reviewing historical returns to determine the most likely customer return rate and applying materiality thresholds. Price protection includes price adjustments available to certain distributors based upon established book price and a stated adjustment period. Stock rotation is also available to certain distributors based on a stated maximum of prior billings.

The Company estimates all variable consideration at the most likely amount which it expects to be entitled. The estimate is based on current and historical information available to the Company, including recent sales activity and pricing. Variable consideration is only included in the transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The Company defers all variable consideration that does not meet the revenue recognition criteria.

Our shipping and handling costs are included in cost of sales for all periods presented in the consolidated statements of income.

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs were $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.5 million, in fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date based on the grant-date fair value of the awards and is recognized as an expense, on a ratable basis, over the vesting period, which is generally between 1 and 4 years. Determining the amount of stock-based compensation to be recorded requires the Company to develop estimates used in calculating the grant-date fair value of stock options and market stock units. The Company calculates the grant-date fair value for stock options and market stock units ("MSUs") using the Black-Scholes valuation model and the Monte Carlo simulation, respectively. The use of valuation models requires the Company to make estimates of assumptions such as expected volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate, expected dividend yield, and forfeiture rates. The grant-date fair value of restricted stock units ("RSUs") is the market value at grant date multiplied by the number of units. The grant-date fair value of performance stock units ("PSUs") is the market value at grant date multiplied by the target number of award units.

We are required to calculate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves calculating the actual current tax liability as well as assessing temporary differences in the recognition of income or loss for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in our consolidated balance sheet. We record a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  The Company evaluates the ability to realize its deferred tax assets based on all the facts and circumstances, including projections of future taxable income and expiration dates of carryover tax attributes.

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves assessing uncertainties with respect to the application of complex tax rules and the potential for future adjustment of our uncertain tax positions by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or other taxing jurisdiction. We recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on the required two-step process. The first step requires us to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that the tax position has met the threshold for recognition; therefore, we must evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step requires us to measure the tax benefit of the tax position taken, or expected to be taken, in an income tax return as the largest amount that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We reevaluate the uncertain tax positions each quarter based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, expirations of statutes of limitation, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity. A change in the recognition step or measurement step would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision in the period.

Although we believe the measurement of our liabilities for uncertain tax positions is reasonable, we cannot assure that the final outcome of these matters will not be different than what is reflected in the historical income tax provisions and accruals. If additional taxes are assessed as a result of an audit or litigation, it could have a material effect on our income tax provision and net income in the period or periods for which that determination is made. We operate within multiple taxing jurisdictions and are subject to audit in these jurisdictions. These audits can involve complex issues which may require an extended period of time to resolve and could result in additional assessments of income tax. We believe adequate provisions for income taxes have been made for all periods. See Note 17 - Income Taxes for further detail.

The Company benefits from the Research and Development Expenditure Credit (“RDEC”) program in the United Kingdom. The RDEC is recorded as an offset to research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of income, $43.0 million, $40.9 million, and $26.2 million in fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The RDEC is first settled against the Company's United Kingdom quarterly income tax payments with any remainder paid in cash on an annual basis. The RDEC receivable as of March 30, 2024 totaled $27.9 million, presented within "Other current Assets" on the consolidated balance sheets. There was no RDEC receivable as of March 29, 2025. While the duration of RDEC benefits is indefinite, the program is subject to future policy changes and RDEC claims are subject to regular audits by the United Kingdom government.

Basic net income per share is based on the weighted effect of common shares issued and outstanding and is calculated by dividing net income by the basic weighted average shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares used in the basic net income per share calculation, plus the equivalent number of common shares that would be issued assuming exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding. These potentially dilutive items consist primarily of outstanding stock options and restricted stock grants.

The following table details the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

			Fiscal Years Ended
			March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024						March 25, 2023
Numerator:
Net income			$	331,507					$	274,572					$	176,703
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding			53,135						54,290						55,614
Effect of dilutive securities			2,106						1,731						1,612
Weighted average diluted shares			55,241						56,021						57,226
Basic earnings per share			$	6.24					$	5.06					$	3.18
Diluted earnings per share			$	6.00					$	4.90					$	3.09

The weighted outstanding shares excluded from our diluted calculation for the years ended March 29, 2025, March 30, 2024, and March 25, 2023 were 225 thousand, 325 thousand, and 268 thousand, respectively, as the exercise price of certain outstanding stock options exceeded the average market price during the period.

Our accumulated other comprehensive loss is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on investments classified as available-for-sale. See Note 16 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for additional discussion.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU requires interim and annual disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM and included within each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss, requires interim disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets that are currently required annually and requires disclosure of the position and title of the CODM and how the CODM uses segment profit or loss information in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. In the event the CODM uses more than one measure of a segment's profit or loss in assessing performance and allocation of resources, clarification of disclosure requirements is provided. Additionally, a company with a single reportable segment is required to provide all the disclosures prescribed under this ASU. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented.

The Company retrospectively adopted this standard for the fiscal year ending March 29, 2025. See Note 18 - Segment Information. The adoption of this standard had no impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The guidance provides qualitative and quantitative updates to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures, requiring more consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information by jurisdiction. This ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted, to be applied on a prospective basis, although retrospective application is also permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on financial statement disclosures.

In November 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Topic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires disaggregation of certain expense categories in the notes to the financial statements in order to provide enhanced transparency into the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption and prospective or retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on financial statement disclosures.

The Company’s investments have been classified as available-for-sale securities in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Marketable securities are categorized on the consolidated balance sheet as “Marketable securities” within the short-term or long-term classification, as appropriate.

The following table is a summary of available-for-sale securities (in thousands):

 

As of March 29, 2025			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Estimated Fair Value (Net Carrying Amount)
Corporate debt securities			$	284,885					$	1,635					$	(55)					$	286,465
U.S. Treasury securities			8,689						45						(3)						8,731
Total securities			$	293,574					$	1,680					$	(58)					$	295,196

The Company typically invests in highly-rated securities with original maturities generally ranging from one to three years. The Company's specifically identified gross unrealized losses of $0.1 million related to securities with total amortized costs of approximately $29.8 million at March 29, 2025. Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months as of March 29, 2025 had an aggregate amortized cost of $1.9 million and an immaterial aggregate unrealized loss. The Company may sell certain of its marketable securities prior to their stated maturities for strategic reasons including, but not limited to, anticipated or actual changes in credit rating and duration management.  The Company records an allowance for credit loss when a decline in investment market value is due to credit-related factors. When evaluating an investment for impairment, the Company reviews factors including the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, changes in market interest rates and whether it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the investment’s cost basis. As of March 29, 2025, the Company does not consider any of its investments to be impaired.

 

As of March 30, 2024			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Estimated Fair Value (Net Carrying Amount)
Corporate debt securities			$	186,194					$	115					$	(916)					$	185,393
U.S. Treasury securities			9,850						—						(81)						9,769
Agency discount notes			1,135						—						(11)						1,124
Commercial paper			866						—						—						866
Total securities			$	198,045					$	115					$	(1,008)					$	197,152

The Company’s specifically identified gross unrealized losses of $1.0 million related to securities with total amortized costs of approximately $172.1 million at March 30, 2024. Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months as of March 30, 2024 had an aggregate amortized cost of $25.0 million and an aggregate unrealized loss of $0.3 million as of March 30, 2024.

As of March 30, 2024, the Company did not consider any of its investments to be impaired.

The cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale investments by contractual maturity were as follows:

 

			March 29, 2025												March 30, 2024
			Amortized Cost						Estimated Fair Value						Amortized Cost						Estimated Fair Value
Within 1 year			$	56,044					$	56,160					$	24,071					$	23,778
After 1 year			237,530						239,036						173,974						173,374
Total			$	293,574					$	295,196					$	198,045					$	197,152

The Company has determined that the assets and liabilities in the Company’s financial statements that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis are the Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities portfolio. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company applies the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).

▪Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

▪Level 2 — Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

▪Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities portfolio consist of money market funds, commercial paper, debt securities, non-U.S government securities, U.S Treasury securities, and securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, and are reflected on our consolidated balance sheet under the headings cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and long-term marketable securities. The Company determines the fair value of its marketable securities portfolio by obtaining non-binding market prices from its third-party pricing providers on the last day of the quarter, whose sources may use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 inputs) or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2 inputs) in determining fair value.

The Company’s long-term revolving facility, described in Note 8 - Revolving Credit Facility, bears interest at a base rate plus applicable margin or forward-looking secured overnight financing rate ("Term SOFR") plus 10 basis points plus applicable margin.  As of March 29, 2025, there are no amounts drawn under the facility and the fair value is zero.

As of March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024, the Company has no material Level 3 assets or liabilities. There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 measurements for the years ending March 29, 2025 and March 30, 2024.

The following summarizes the fair value of our financial instruments at March 29, 2025 (in thousands):

 

			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1						Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2						Significant Unobservable Inputs Level 3						Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents
Money market funds			$	491,467					$	—					$	—					$	491,467
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities			$	—					$	286,465					$	—					$	286,465
U.S. Treasury securities			8,731						—						—						8,731
			$	8,731					$	286,465					$	—					$	295,196

The following summarizes the fair value of our financial instruments at March 30, 2024 (in thousands):

The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to reduce the earnings impact that exchange rate fluctuations have on non-functional currency balance sheet exposures. The Company recognizes both the gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts and the gains and losses on the remeasurement of non-functional currency assets and liabilities within "Other income (expense)" in the consolidated statements of income. The Company does not apply hedge accounting to these foreign currency derivative instruments.

As of March 29, 2025, the Company held one foreign currency forward contract denominated in British Pound Sterling with a notional value of $21.5 million. The fair value of this contract was not material as of March 29, 2025.

The before-tax effect of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments was as follows (in thousands):

			Fiscal Years Ended
			March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024						March 25, 2023						Location
Loss recognized in income
Foreign currency forward contracts			$	(2)					$	(431)					$	(564)					Other income (expense)

The following are the components of accounts receivable, net (in thousands):

 

						March 29, 2025						March 30, 2024
Gross accounts receivable						$	216,009					$	162,478
Allowance for doubtful accounts						—						—
Accounts receivable, net						$	216,009					$	162,478

The Company regularly evaluates the collectability of accounts receivable based on age, historical customer payment trends and ongoing customer relations. The allowance for doubtful accounts and recoveries on bad debt were immaterial for fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023.

 

The following information details the gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization, and net carrying value of our intangible assets subject to amortization (in thousands):