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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of report (Date of earliest event reported) October 24, 2025    

 ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware 0-17948 94-2838567
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation) (Commission File Number) (IRS Employer Identification No.)
209 Redwood Shores Parkway, Redwood City, California 94065-1175
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(650) 628-1500
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class Trading Symbol Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value EA NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933(17 CFR §230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2).
                                                                                                                         Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.



Item 2.02    Result of Operations and Financial Condition.

On October 28, 2025, Electronic Arts Inc. ("Electronic Arts" or “EA”) issued a press release announcing its financial results for the second fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025. A copy of the press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1.

Neither the information in this Form 8-K nor the information in the press release attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 shall be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.

Item 8.01    Other Events.

On October 24, 2025, the Audit Committee of EA, on behalf of EA’s full Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.19 per share of EA's common stock. The dividend is payable on December 23, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on December 3, 2025.


Item 9.01    Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits.
Exhibit No. Description
99.1
Press release dated October 28, 2025, relating to Electronic Arts Inc.’s financial results for its second fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).



INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. Description
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).



SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

            
ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.
Dated: October 28, 2025 By: /s/ Stuart Canfield
Stuart Canfield
Chief Financial Officer

EX-99.1 2 earningspressrelease2025_1.htm EX-99.1 Document

Exhibit 99.1

earningspressrelease_q2fy2.jpg


Return to Net Bookings Growth for Madden NFL 26 & Apex Legends
EA SPORTS Delivered Four Groundbreaking Titles in the Quarter, Elevating the Future of Sports Gaming

REDWOOD CITY, CA. – October 28, 2025 – Electronic Arts Inc. (NASDAQ: EA) today announced preliminary financial results for its second fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025.

“Across our broad portfolio — from EA SPORTS to Battlefield, The Sims, and skate. — our teams continue to create high-quality experiences that connect and inspire players around the world,” said Andrew Wilson, CEO of Electronic Arts. “The creativity, passion, and innovation of our teams are at the heart of everything we do.”

Selected Operating Highlights and Metrics

•Net bookings1 for the quarter totaled $1.818 billion, down 13% year-over-year, driven largely by the extraordinary release of College Football 25 in the prior year period.
•EA SPORTS Madden NFL 26 delivered net bookings growth year-over-year in the quarter, with players returning to the title.
•Apex Legends returned to net bookings growth on a year-over-year basis in Q2, growing double digits, as the team continues to deliver new experiences that drove deeper engagement.
•EA SPORTS FC 26 HD net bookings were up mid single digits year-over-year versus EA SPORTS FC 25 HD net bookings in the quarter, after adjusting for differences in deluxe edition content timing.
•The successful launches of skate. (https://x.com/skate/status/1975229570807890000) and Battlefield 6 (https://www.ea.com/news/battlefield-6-shatters-records) - underscore the strength of EA’s long-term strategy to build community-driven experiences centered on creativity, connection, and long-term growth.

Selected Financial Highlights and Metrics

•Net revenue was $1.839 billion for the quarter.
•Net cash provided by operating activities was $130 million for the quarter and $1.872 billion for the trailing twelve months.
•EA repurchased 2.3 million shares for $375 million during the quarter, bringing the total for the trailing twelve months to 17.5 million shares for $2.500 billion.

Dividend

EA has declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.19 per share of the Company’s common stock. The dividend is payable on December 23, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on December 3, 2025.







Quarterly Financial Highlights
Three Months Ended
September 30,
(in $ millions, except per share amounts) 2025 2024
Full game 618  716 
Live services and other 1,221  1,309 
  Total net revenue 1,839  2,025 
Net income 137  294
Diluted earnings per share 0.54  1.11
Operating cash flow 130  234 
Value of shares repurchased 375  375 
Number of shares repurchased 2.3  2.6 
Cash dividend paid 48  51 



Trailing Twelve Months Financial Highlights
Twelve Months Ended
September 30,
(in $ millions) 2025 2024
Full game 1,943  1,917 
Live services and other 5,345  5,492 
  Total net revenue 7,288  7,409 
Net income 885  1,046 
Operating cash flow 1,872  2,198 
Value of shares repurchased 2,500  1,400 
Number of shares repurchased 17.5  10.2 



Operating Metric

The following is a calculation of our total net bookings for the periods presented:

Three Months Ended
September 30,
Twelve Months Ended
September 30,
(in $ millions) 2025 2024 2025 2024
Total net revenue 1,839  2,025  7,288  7,409 
Change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) (21) 54  (158) (36)
  Total net bookings 1,818  2,079  7,130  7,373 








Pending Acquisition by Investor Consortium

On September 29, 2025, EA announced that it has entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by an investor consortium (“the Consortium”) comprised of The Public Investment Fund, private investment funds affiliated with Silver Lake Group, L.L.C. and private investment funds affiliated with Affinity Partners in an all-cash transaction that values EA at an enterprise value of approximately $55 billion. The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including receipt of required regulatory approvals and approval by EA stockholders. For additional information, please refer to EA’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 29, 2025, available here https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0000712515/000114036125036415/ef20056167_8k.htm.

Conference Call and Supporting Documents

Given the pending transaction, Electronic Arts will not be hosting an earnings conference call this quarter, and will no longer provide forward-looking guidance.

For further information and discussion of EA’s financial results, please refer to the financial model of EA’s historical results posted on EA’s IR Website at http://ir.ea.com and EA’s upcoming Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025.

Forward-Looking Statements

Some statements set forth in this release contain forward-looking statements that are subject to change. Statements including words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “plan,” “predict,” “seek,” “goal,” “will,” “may,” “likely,” “should,” “could” (and the negative of any of these terms), “future” and similar expressions also identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and reflect management’s current expectations. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Some of the factors which could cause the Company’s results to differ materially from its expectations include the following: sales of the Company’s products and services; the Company’s ability to develop and support digital products and services, including managing online security and privacy; outages of our products, services and technological infrastructure; the Company’s ability to manage expenses; the competition in the interactive entertainment industry; governmental regulations; the effectiveness of the Company’s sales and marketing programs; timely development and release of the Company’s products and services; the Company’s ability to realize the anticipated benefits of, and integrate, acquisitions; the consumer demand for, and the availability of an adequate supply of console hardware units; the Company’s ability to predict consumer preferences and trends; the Company’s ability to develop and implement new technology; foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; economic and geopolitical conditions; changes in our tax rates or tax laws; the timing, receipt and terms and conditions of any required governmental and regulatory approvals of the proposed transaction with the Consortium that could delay the consummation of the proposed transaction or cause the parties to abandon the proposed transaction; the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the termination of the merger agreement entered into in connection with the proposed transaction; the possibility that the Company’s stockholders may not approve the proposed transaction; the risk that the parties to the proposed transaction may not be able to satisfy the conditions to the proposed transaction in a timely manner or at all; risks related to disruption of the Company’s business resulting from the proposed transaction, including disruption of management time from ongoing business operations due to the proposed transaction; risks relating to certain restrictions during the pendency of the proposed transaction that may impact the ability of the Company to pursue certain business opportunities or strategic transactions; the risk that any announcements relating to the proposed transaction could have adverse effects on the market price of the Company’s common stock, including if the proposed transaction is not consummated; the risk of any unexpected costs or expenses resulting from the proposed transaction; the risk of any litigation relating to the proposed transaction; the risk that the proposed transaction and its announcement could have an adverse effect on the ability of the Company to retain and hire key personnel and to maintain relationships with customers, vendors, partners, employees, stockholders and other business relationships and on its operating results and business generally; the risks and uncertainties that will be described in the proxy statement the Company intends to file with the Securities Exchange Commission in connection with the proposed transaction; and other factors described in Part II, Item 1A of Electronic Arts’ latest Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the heading “Risk Factors”, as well as in other documents we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.





These forward-looking statements are current as of October 28, 2025. Electronic Arts assumes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law. In addition, the preliminary financial results set forth in this release are estimates based on information currently available to Electronic Arts.

While Electronic Arts believes these estimates are meaningful, they could differ from the actual amounts that Electronic Arts ultimately reports in its Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025. Electronic Arts assumes no obligation and does not intend to update these estimates prior to filing its Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025.

About Electronic Arts

Electronic Arts (NASDAQ: EA) is a global leader in digital interactive entertainment. The Company develops and delivers games, content and online services for Internet-connected consoles, mobile devices and personal computers.

In fiscal year 2025, EA posted GAAP net revenue of approximately $7.5 billion. Headquartered in Redwood City, California, EA is recognized for a portfolio of critically acclaimed, high-quality brands such as EA SPORTS FC™, Battlefield™, Apex Legends™, The Sims™, EA SPORTS™ Madden NFL, EA SPORTS™ College Football, Need for Speed™, Dragon Age™, Titanfall™, Plants vs. Zombies™ and EA SPORTS F1®. More information about EA is available at www.ea.com/news.

EA, EA SPORTS, EA SPORTS FC, Battlefield, Need for Speed, Apex Legends, The Sims, Dragon Age, Titanfall, and Plants vs. Zombies are trademarks of Electronic Arts Inc. John Madden, NFL, and F1 are the property of their respective owners and used with permission.


For additional information, please contact:
Andrew Uerkwitz Justin Higgs
Vice President, Investor Relations Vice President, Corporate Communications
650-674-7191 925-502-9253
auerkwitz@ea.com jhiggs@ea.com

1 Net bookings is defined as the net amount of products and services sold digitally or sold-in physically in the period. Net bookings is calculated by adding total net revenue to the change in deferred net revenue for online-enabled games.




    

ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in $ millions, except per share data)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Six Months Ended September 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Net revenue 1,839  2,025  3,510  3,685 
Cost of revenue 443  456  722  719 
Gross profit 1,396  1,569  2,788  2,966 
Operating expenses:
Research and development 686  648  1,392  1,277 
Marketing and sales 304  272  518  477 
General and administrative 189  197  373  377 
Amortization of intangibles 17  17  34  34 
Restructuring —  51  —  53 
Total operating expenses 1,196  1,185  2,317  2,218 
Operating income 200  384  471  748 
Interest and other income (expense), net (3) 15  (1) 45 
Income before provision for income taxes 197  399  470  793 
Provision for income taxes 60  105  132  219 
Net income 137  294  338  574 
Earnings per share
Basic 0.55  1.11 1.35 2.17 
Diluted 0.54  1.11 1.34 2.15 
Number of shares used in computation
Basic 250  264  251  265 
Diluted 252  266  253  267 































ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in $ millions)
September 30, 2025
March 31, 20251
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents 1,148  2,136 
Short-term investments 112  112 
Receivables, net 1,077  679 
Other current assets 379  349 
Total current assets 2,716  3,276 
Property and equipment, net 578  586 
Goodwill 5,388  5,376 
Acquisition-related intangibles, net 245  293 
Deferred income taxes, net 2,455  2,420 
Other assets 472  417 
TOTAL ASSETS 11,854  12,368 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued, and other current liabilities 1,514  1,359 
Deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) 1,326  1,700 
Senior notes, current, net 400  400 
Total current liabilities 3,240  3,459 
Senior notes, net 1,485  1,484 
Income tax obligations 684  594 
Other liabilities 445  445 
Total liabilities 5,854  5,982 
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock
Retained earnings 6,153  6,470 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (156) (87)
Total stockholders’ equity 6,000  6,386 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 11,854  12,368 



1Derived from audited consolidated financial statements.







ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in $ millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income 137  294  338  574 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, accretion and impairment 82  122  161  202 
Stock-based compensation 174  174  326  317 
Change in assets and liabilities
Receivables, net (543) (579) (398) (447)
Other assets (13) (78) (68) (20)
Accounts payable, accrued, and other liabilities 294  275  196  117 
Deferred income taxes, net (37) (33) (50)
Deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) (8) 63  (375) (339)
Net cash provided by operating activities 130  234  147  354 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures (43) (50) (115) (117)
Proceeds from maturities and sales of short-term investments 30  111  72  239 
Purchase of short-term and other investments (55) (107) (97) (237)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired —  —  (17) — 
Net cash used in investing activities (68) (46) (157) (115)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 45  42  45  42 
Cash dividends paid (48) (51) (96) (101)
Cash paid to taxing authorities for shares withheld from employees (32) (18) (177) (139)
Common stock repurchases and excise taxes paid (394) (375) (769) (750)
Net cash used in financing activities (429) (402) (997) (948)
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents (3) 11  19 
Change in cash and cash equivalents (370) (203) (988) (703)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents 1,518  2,400  2,136  2,900 
Ending cash and cash equivalents 1,148  2,197  1,148  2,197 
















ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Supplemental Financial Information and Business Metrics
(in $ millions, except per share data)
Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 YOY %
FY25 FY25 FY25 FY26 FY26 Change
Net revenue
 Net revenue 2,025  1,883  1,895  1,671  1,839  (9 %)
GAAP-based financial data
Change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games)2
54  332  (96) (373) (21)
Gross profit
Gross profit 1,569  1,427  1,527  1,392  1,396  (11 %)
Gross profit (as a % of net revenue) 78 % 76 % 81 % 83 % 76 %
GAAP-based financial data
Acquisition-related expenses 10  10  10  10 
Change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games)2
54  332  (96) (373) (21)
Stock-based compensation
Operating income
Operating income 384  377  395  271  200  (48 %)
Operating income (as a % of net revenue) 19 % 20 % 21 % 16 % 11 %
GAAP-based financial data
Acquisition-related expenses 27  26  27  27  26 
Change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games)2
54  332  (96) (373) (21)
Restructuring and related charges 52  —  —  — 
Stock-based compensation 174  163  162  152  174 
Net income
Net income 294  293  254  201  137  (53 %)
Net income (as a % of net revenue) 15 % 16 % 13 % 12 % 7 %
GAAP-based financial data
Acquisition-related expenses 27  26  27  27  26 
Change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games)2
54  332  (96) (373) (21)
Restructuring and related charges 52  —  —  — 
Stock-based compensation 174  163  162  152  174 
Tax rate used for management reporting 19 % 19 % 19 % 19 % 19 %
Diluted earnings per share 1.11  1.11  0.98  0.79  0.54  (51 %)
Number of shares used in computation
Basic 264  262  257  251  250 
Diluted 266  265  259  254  252 


2The change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows does not necessarily equal the change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations primarily due to the impact of gains/losses on cash flow hedges.








ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Supplemental Financial Information and Business Metrics
(in $ millions)
Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 YOY %
FY25 FY25 FY25 FY26 FY26 Change
QUARTERLY NET REVENUE PRESENTATIONS
Net revenue by composition
Full game downloads 475  446  367  233  401  (16 %)
Packaged goods 241  153  70  56  217  (10 %)
Full game 716  599  437  289  618  (14 %)
Live services and other 1,309  1,284  1,458  1,382  1,221  (7 %)
Total net revenue 2,025  1,883  1,895  1,671  1,839  (9 %)
Full game 35 % 32 % 23 % 17 % 34 %
Live services and other 65 % 68 % 77 % 83 % 66 %
Total net revenue % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
GAAP-based financial data
Full game downloads 70  25  (27) (46) 37 
Packaged goods 46  (26) (29) 45 
Full game 116  34  (53) (75) 82 
Live services and other (62) 298  (43) (298) (103)
Total change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) by composition2
54  332  (96) (373) (21)
Net revenue by platform
Console 1,374  1,215  1,182  1,007  1,212  (12 %)
PC & Other 364  392  426  374  352  (3 %)
Mobile 287  276  287  290  275  (4 %)
Total net revenue 2,025  1,883  1,895  1,671  1,839  (9 %)
GAAP-based financial data
Console 108  275  (86) (317)
PC & Other (37) 33  (11) (54) (6)
Mobile (17) 24  (2) (16)
Total change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) by platform2
54  332  (96) (373) (21)

2The change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows does not necessarily equal the change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations primarily due to the impact of gains/losses on cash flow hedges.













ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Supplemental Financial Information and Business Metrics
(in $ millions)
Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 YOY %
FY25 FY25 FY25 FY26 FY26 Change
CASH FLOW DATA
Investing cash flow (46) (62) 214  (89) (68)
Investing cash flow - TTM (215) (226) 37  17  (5) 98 %
Financing cash flow (402) (504) (1,411) (568) (429)
Financing cash flow - TTM (1,739) (1,812) (2,863) (2,885) (2,912) (67 %)
Operating cash flow 234  1,176  549  17  130 
Operating cash flow - TTM 2,198  2,110  2,079  1,976  1,872  (15 %)
Capital expenditures 50  50  54  72  43 
Capital expenditures - TTM 220 218 221 226 219 — 
Free cash flow3
184  1,126  495  (55) 87 
Free cash flow3 - TTM
1,978  1,892  1,858  1,750  1,653  (16 %)
Common stock repurchases and excise taxes paid 375  383  1,375  375  394  5 %
Cash dividends paid 51 50 48 48 48 (6 %)
DEPRECIATION
Depreciation expense 51 51 51 52 53 4 %
BALANCE SHEET DATA
Cash and cash equivalents 2,197 2,776 2,136 1,518 1,148
Short-term investments 366 379 112 112 112
Cash and cash equivalents, and short-term investments 2,563  3,155  2,248  1,630  1,260  (51 %)
Receivables, net 1,012 742 679 533 1,077 6 %
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Cost of revenue
Research and development 122 119 115 110 123
Marketing and sales 16 14 14 12 15
General and administrative 32 27 30 27 33
Total stock-based compensation 174  163  162  152  174 
RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED CHARGES
Restructuring 51  —  — 
Office space reductions (1) —  — 
Total restructuring and related charges 52  —  —  — 


3Free cash flow is defined as Operating cash flow less Capital expenditures.












ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(in $ millions)
The following table provides a reconciliation of non-GAAP operating income and margin to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure for the three months ended September 30, 2025 plus a comparison to the actuals for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Three Months Ended
September 30
2025 2024 YOY % Change
Net revenue 1,839 2,025 (9%)
GAAP operating income 200 384 (48%)
Acquisition-related expenses 26 27
Restructuring and related charges 52
Stock-based compensation 174 174
Non-GAAP operating income 400 637 (37%)
GAAP operating margin 10.9% 19.0%
Non-GAAP operating margin 21.8% 31.5%
Impact from change in deferred net revenue (online-enabled games) (100 bps) 170 bps










Non-GAAP Financial Measures
As a supplement to the Company’s financial measures presented in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), the Company presents certain non-GAAP measures of financial performance, including non-GAAP operating margin and free cash flow. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, these non-GAAP measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all of the items associated with the Company’s results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP financial measures do not reflect a comprehensive system of accounting and differ from GAAP measures with the same names and may differ from non-GAAP financial measures with the same or similar names that are used by other companies.
The non-GAAP financial measures exclude acquisition-related expenses, stock-based compensation, restructuring and related charges, and capital expenditures, as applicable in any given reporting period and our outlook. The Company may consider whether other significant items that arise in the future should be excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide investors with additional useful information to better understand and evaluate the Company’s operating results and future prospects because they exclude certain items that may not be indicative of the Company’s core business, operating results, or future outlook. These non-GAAP financial measures, with further adjustments are used by management to understand ongoing financial and business performance.

The Company uses a tax rate of 19% internally to evaluate its operating performance and to forecast, plan, and analyze future periods. Accordingly, the Company applies the same tax rate to its management reporting financial results.

Investors are encouraged to review the related GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.