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(Mark One)

☒    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT

        

☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission File Number: 000-12436

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Georgia			58-1492391
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class			Trading Symbol(s)			Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, Par Value $1.00 per share			CBAN			The NASDAQ Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes    ☒          No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).     Yes    ☒          No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerate Filer ☐     Accelerated Filer  ☒      Non-accelerated Filer ☐

Smaller Reporting Company ☒     Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with the new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: As of November 7, 2023, the registrant had 17,567,983 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share, issued and outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

						Page
PART I – Financial Information
Item 1.			Financial Statements
			Consolidated Balance Sheets – September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022 (audited)			4
			Consolidated Statements of Income – For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)			5
			Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) – For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)			6
			Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholder's Equity – For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)			7
			Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)			9
			Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)			11
Item 2.			Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			42
Item 3.			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			63
Item 4.			Controls and Procedures			63
PART II – Other Information
Item 1.			Legal Proceedings			64
Item 1A.			Risk Factors			64
Item 2.			Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities			64
Item 3.			Defaults Upon Senior Securities			64
Item 4.			Mine Safety Disclosures			64
Item 5.			Other Information			64
Item 6.			Exhibits			65
Signatures						66

 (1) Represents the impact of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-13: CECL

Colony Bankcorp, Inc. (the “Company”) is a bank holding company located in Fitzgerald, Georgia. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Colony Bank, Fitzgerald, Georgia (the “Bank”). The “Company” or “our,” as used herein, includes Colony Bank, except where the context requires otherwise.

In July 2019, a new subsidiary of the Company was incorporated under the name Colony Risk Management, Inc. Colony Risk Management, Inc. is a subsidiary of the Company and is located in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is a captive insurance subsidiary which insures various liability and property damage policies for the Company and its related subsidiaries. Colony Risk Management is regulated by the State of Nevada Division of Insurance.

All adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for fair presentation of the interim consolidated financial statements, have been included and fairly and accurately present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. All significant intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to generally accepted accounting principles and practices utilized in the commercial banking industry for interim financial information and Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information or notes required for complete financial statements.

The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023. These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“2022 Form 10-K”).

The Bank provides a full range of retail, commercial and mortgage banking services as well as wealth management and insurance services for consumers and small- to medium-size businesses located primarily in north central, south and coastal Georgia and in Alabama through a loan production office. The Bank is headquartered in Fitzgerald, Georgia with banking and mortgage offices in Albany, Ashburn, Athens, Broxton, Centerville, Columbus, Cordele, Douglas, Eastman, Fitzgerald, LaGrange, Leesburg, Macon, Moultrie, Quitman, Rochelle, Savannah, Soperton, Statesboro, Sylvester, Tifton, Valdosta and Warner Robins and a loan production office in Birmingham, Alabama. Lending and investing activities are funded primarily by deposits gathered through its retail banking office network.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses, the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans and fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, including goodwill impairment.

In certain instances, amounts reported in prior years’ consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to statement presentations selected for 2023. Such reclassifications have not materially affected previously reported stockholders’ equity or net income.

Concentrations of credit risk can exist in relation to individual borrowers or groups of borrowers, certain types of collateral, certain types of industries, or certain geographic regions. The Company has a concentration in real estate loans as well as a geographic concentration that could pose an adverse credit risk. At September 30, 2023, approximately 83% of the Company’s loan portfolio was concentrated in loans secured by real estate. A substantial portion of borrowers’ ability to honor their contractual obligations is dependent upon the viability of the real estate economic sector. Management continues to monitor these concentrations and has considered these concentrations in its allowance for credit loss analysis.

The success of the Company is dependent, to a certain extent, upon the economic conditions in the geographic markets it serves. Adverse changes in the economic conditions in these geographic markets would likely have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. The operating results of the Company depend primarily on its net interest income. Accordingly, operations are subject to risks and uncertainties surrounding the exposure to changes in the interest rate environment.

At times, the Company may have cash and cash equivalents at financial institutions in excess of federal deposit insurance limits. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions whose credit ratings are monitored by management to minimize credit risk.

The current expected credit loss (“CECL”) approach requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of an exposure (or pool of exposures). It replaced the incurred loss approach’s threshold that delayed the recognition of a credit loss until it was probable a loss event was incurred. The estimate of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. Historical loss experience is generally the starting point for estimating expected credit losses. The Company then considers whether the historical loss experience should be adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date that did not exist over the historical period used. The Company also considers future economic conditions and portfolio performance as part of a reasonable and supportable forecast period.

The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the loans' amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans. Loans are charged off against the ACL when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

Management determines the ACL balance using relevant available information from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Historical credit behaviors along with model judgments provide the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. Adjustments to modeled loss estimates may be made for differences in current loan-specific risk characteristics such as differences in underwriting standards, portfolio mix, delinquency level, or term as well as for changes in environmental conditions, such as changes in economic conditions, property values, or other relevant factors. For the majority of loans and leases the ACL is calculated using a discounted cash flow methodology applied at a loan level with a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period and a two-year straight-line reversion period.

The ACL-loans is measured on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The Company has identified the following portfolio segments and calculates the ACL for each using a discounted cash flow methodology at the loan level, with loss rates, prepayment assumptions and curtailment assumptions driven by each loan’s collateral type:

•Construction, land & land development - Risks common to construction, land & development loans are cost overruns, changes in market demand for property, inadequate long-term financing arrangements and declines in real estate values.

•Other commercial real estate - Loans in this category are susceptible to business failures and declines in general economic conditions, including declines in real estate value, declines in occupancy rates, and lack of suitable alternative use for the property.

•Commercial, financial & agricultural - Risks to this loan category include the inability to monitor the condition of the collateral, which often consists of inventory, accounts receivable and other non-real estate assets. Equipment and inventory obsolescence can also pose a risk. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.

•Residential real estate - Residential real estate loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions, increases in unemployment rates and declining real estate values.

•Consumer and other - Risks common to consumer direct loans include unemployment and changes in local economic conditions as well as the inability to monitor collateral consisting of personal property.

When management determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate.

Management estimates expected credit losses on commitments to extend credit over the contractual period during which the Company is exposed to credit risk on the underlying commitments. The ACL on off-balance sheet credit exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. The ACL is calculated using the same aggregate reserve rates calculated for the funded portion of loans at the portfolio level applied to the amount of commitments expected to fund.

Management measures current expected credit losses on HTM debt securities on a collective basis by major security type. The estimate of current expected credit losses considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Management classifies the HTM portfolio into the following major security types: U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. agency securities, State, county & municipal securities, and Mortgage-backed securities. Accrued interest receivable on HTM debt is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

All of the residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities held by the Company as HTM are issued by U.S. Government agencies and government sponsored entities. These securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, are highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long history of no credit losses. The state and political subdivision securities are also highly rated by major rating agencies.

For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security's amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For AFS debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an ACL is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any amount of unrealized loss that has not been recorded through an ACL is recognized in other comprehensive income. Accrued interest receivable on AFS debt securities is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

Changes in the ACL are recorded as provision for (or reversal of) credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the ACL when management believes the uncollectibility of an AFS security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met.

The Company records cash flow hedges at the inception of a derivative contract based on management’s intentions and belief as to the likely effectiveness of the hedge. Cash flow hedges represent a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability. For a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in other comprehensive income ("OCI") and is reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The changes in the fair value of a derivative that is not highly effective in hedging the expected cash flows of the hedged item are recognized immediately as interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Net cash settlements on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in interest income or interest expense, based on the item being hedged. Net cash settlements on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported in noninterest income or noninterest expense. Cash flows from hedges are classified in the consolidated statements of cash flows in the same manner as the items being hedged.

The Company formally documents the relationship between derivatives and hedged items, as well as the risk management objective and the strategy for undertaking hedge transactions at the inception of the hedging relationship. This documentation includes linking cash flow hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Company also formally assesses, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative instruments that are used are highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item. The Company discontinues hedge accounting when it determines that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item, the derivative is settled or terminated, a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, a hedged firm commitment is no longer firm or treatment of the derivative as a hedge is no longer appropriate or intended.

When hedge accounting is discontinued, subsequent changes in fair value of the derivative are recorded as interest expense. When a cash flow hedge is discontinued but the hedged cash flows or forecasted transactions are still expected to occur, gains or losses that were accumulated in OCI are amortized into earnings over the same periods which the hedged transactions will affect earnings.

ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, as amended, was adopted by the Company on January 1, 2023, which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) methodology. The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities. It also applies to off-balance sheet credit exposures not accounted for as insurance (loan commitments, standby letters of credit, financial guarantees, and other similar instruments) and net investments in leases recognized by a lessor in accordance with Topic 842 on leases. In addition, ASC 326 made changes to the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities. One such change is to require credit losses to be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down on available-for-sale debt securities management does not intend to sell or believes that it is more likely than not they will be required to sell.

The Company adopted ASC 326 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost, and off-balance sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under ASC 326 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable GAAP. The Company recorded a net decrease to retained earnings of $1.2 million, net of tax, as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326, primarily related to credit losses for unfunded commitments.

ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, was adopted by the Company on January 1, 2023. This ASU provides guidance on eliminating the requirement for classification of and disclosures around troubled debt restructurings (TDRs). The purpose of this guidance is to eliminate unnecessary and overly-complex disclosures of loans that are already incorporated into the allowance for credit losses and related disclosures while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Modified terms include one or a combination of the following: a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, an extension of the term or amortization period, a more than insignificant payment delay or principal forgiveness. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had two loans that met the requirements of this disclosure and are included in Note 3 - Loans.

This ASU further requires the disclosure of current-period gross charge-offs by year of origination. Current period gross charge-offs are included in the term loan vintage table in Note 3 - Loans.

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-02, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method.” ASU 2023-02 permits reporting entities to elect to account for their tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. ASU 2023-02 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023. ASU 2023-02 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity along with gross unrealized gains and losses are summarized as follows:

(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2023			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
Securities Available for Sale:
U.S. treasury securities			$	799					$	—					$	(8)					$	791
U.S. agency securities			4,613						—						(510)						4,103
Asset backed securities			27,250						6						(411)						26,845
State, county & municipal securities			124,882						—						(23,228)						101,654
Corporate debt securities			54,694						—						(7,665)						47,029
Mortgage-backed securities			251,658						—						(32,533)						219,125
Total			$	463,896					$	6					$	(64,355)					$	399,547
September 30, 2023			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
Securities Held to Maturity:
U.S. treasury securities			$	92,880					$	—					$	(5,483)					$	87,397
U.S. agency securities			16,314						—						(1,975)						14,339
State, county & municipal securities			136,546						—						(22,986)						113,560
Mortgage-backed securities			205,316						—						(35,547)						169,769
Total			$	451,056					$	—					$	(65,991)					$	385,065
December 31, 2022			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
Securities Available for Sale:
U.S. treasury securities			$	1,644					$	—					$	(22)					$	1,622
U.S. agency securities			5,035						—						(450)						4,585
Asset backed securities			31,468						—						(1,480)						29,988
State, county & municipal securities			126,119						—						(21,363)						104,756
Corporate debt securities			54,741						164						(5,320)						49,585
Mortgage-backed securities			271,199						9						(29,191)						242,017
Total			$	490,206					$	173					$	(57,826)					$	432,553
December 31, 2022			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
Securities Held to Maturity:
U.S. treasury securities			$	91,615					$	—					$	(4,149)					$	87,466
U.S. agency securities			16,409						—						(1,838)						14,571
State, county & municipal securities			136,138						32						(19,518)						116,652
Mortgage-backed securities			221,696						—						(29,121)						192,575
Total			$	465,858					$	32					$	(54,626)					$	411,264

The Company elected to exclude accrued interest receivable from the amortized cost basis of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities disclosed throughout this note. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accrued interest receivable for available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities totaled $2.2 million and $2.6 million, and $2.0 million and $1.9 million, respectively, and is included in the "other assets" line item on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

The Company transferred certain agency-issued securities from the available-for-sale to held-to-maturity portfolio on January 1, 2022 and September 1, 2022, having a combined book value of approximately $511.0 million and a combined market value of approximately $477.0 million. As of the date of each transfer, the related pre-tax net unrecognized losses of approximately $34.0 million within the accumulated other comprehensive loss balance are being amortized over the remaining term of the securities using the effective interest method. This transfer was completed after careful consideration of the Company’s intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity. Factors used in assessing the ability to hold these securities to maturity were future liquidity needs and sources of funding. The Company has had no other transfers of securities since September 1, 2022.

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities as of September 30, 2023, by contractual maturity, are shown hereafter. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities for certain investments because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. This is often the case with mortgage-backed securities, which are disclosed separately in the table below.

			Available for Sale												Held to Maturity
(dollars in thousands)			Amortized Cost						Fair Value						Amortized Cost						Fair Value
Due in one year or less			$	1,014					$	1,002					$	—					$	—
Due after one year through five years			15,542						14,127						91,725						86,380
Due after five years through ten years			95,886						79,640						75,296						64,377
Due after ten years			99,796						85,653						78,719						64,539
			$	212,238					$	180,422					$	245,740					$	215,296
Mortgage-backed securities			251,658						219,125						205,316						169,769
			$	463,896					$	399,547					$	451,056					$	385,065

Proceeds from the sale of investment securities totaled $44.1 million and $47.2 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The sale of investment securities resulted in gross realized gains of $0 and $24,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and gross realized losses of $96,000 for the both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Investment securities having a carrying value of approximately $394.0 million and $541.8 million were pledged to secure public deposits and for other purposes as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Information pertaining to available-for-sale securities with gross unrealized losses at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position Information pertaining to held-to-maturity securities with gross unrealized losses at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position is as follows:

is as follows:

			Less Than 12 Months												12 Months or Greater												Total
(dollars in thousands)			Fair Value						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value						Gross Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2023
U.S. treasury securities			$	—					$	—					$	791					$	(8)					$	791					$	(8)
U.S. agency securities			—						—						4,103						(510)						4,103						(510)
Asset backed securities			5,934						(14)						18,598						(397)						24,532						(411)
State, county & municipal securities			1,457						(276)						100,197						(22,952)						101,654						(23,228)
Corporate debt securities			7,660						(1,632)						39,369						(6,033)						47,029						(7,665)
Mortgage-backed securities			16,088						(424)						203,037						(32,109)						219,125						(32,533)
			$	31,139					$	(2,346)					$	366,095					$	(62,009)					$	397,234					$	(64,355)
December 31, 2022
U.S. treasury securities			$	1,377					$	(17)					$	245					$	(5)					$	1,622					$	(22)
U.S. agency securities			3,221						(257)						1,364						(193)						4,585						(450)
Asset backed securities			10,780						(319)						19,208						(1,161)						29,988						(1,480)
State, county & municipal securities			29,284						(3,629)						75,472						(17,734)						104,756						(21,363)
Corporate debt securities			17,258						(1,463)						30,651						(3,857)						47,909						(5,320)
Mortgage-backed securities			122,031						(7,890)						119,409						(21,301)						241,440						(29,191)
			$	183,951					$	(13,575)					$	246,349					$	(44,251)					$	430,300					$	(57,826)

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

At September 30, 2023, there were 282 available-for-sale securities and 159 held-to-maturity securities that had unrealized losses. These securities are guaranteed by either the U.S. Government, other governments or U.S. corporations. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. The unrealized losses are largely due to increases in market interest rates over the yields available at the time the underlying securities were purchased. As management has the ability to hold debt securities until maturity, or for the foreseeable future if classified as available-for-sale, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), as amended on January 1, 2023 which included evaluation of expected credit losses on debt securities. As part of the Company's calculated credit losses, the allowance for credit losses on investment securities was determined to be de minimis due to the high credit quality of the portfolio, which includes securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government agencies and high quality municipalities. Therefore, no allowance for credit losses was recorded as of September 30, 2023. See Note 1 for additional details on the allowance for credit losses as it relates to the securities portfolio.

The following table presents the composition of loans segregated by class of loans, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Included in the above table are government guaranteed loans totaling $82.4 million at September 30, 2023 and $58.4 million at December 31, 2022. The following table presents the composition of government guaranteed loans segregated by class of loans for each respective period.