株探米国株
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エドガーで原本を確認する
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File Number: 1-13107
AUTONATION, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware   73-1105145
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
200 SW 1st Avenue
Fort Lauderdale , Florida   33301
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
(954)769-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share AN New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes   þ   No   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes   þ   No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer þ    Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer    Smaller reporting company  
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No  þ
As of July 19, 2023, the registrant had 44,047,628 shares of common stock outstanding.



AUTONATION, INC.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
    Page
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 5.
Item 6.



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AUTONATION, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share and per share data)
 
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 63.7  $ 72.6 
Receivables, net 842.3  858.8 
Inventory 2,572.5  2,048.3 
Other current assets 161.3  158.3 
Total Current Assets 3,639.8  3,138.0 
AUTO LOANS RECEIVABLE, net of allowance for credit losses of $63.1 million and $57.5 million, respectively
345.5  303.1 
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net of accumulated depreciation of $2.0 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively
3,713.4  3,607.2 
OPERATING LEASE ASSETS 369.7  323.5 
GOODWILL 1,460.7  1,320.1 
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET 936.2  837.0 
OTHER ASSETS 614.2  530.8 
Total Assets $ 11,079.5  $ 10,059.7 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Vehicle floorplan payable - trade $ 1,211.7  $ 946.6 
Vehicle floorplan payable - non-trade 1,369.8  1,162.7 
Accounts payable 390.8  327.6 
Commercial paper 465.0  50.0 
Current maturities of long-term debt 12.8  12.6 
Current portion of non-recourse debt 10.5  10.7 
Accrued payroll and benefits 257.3  238.0 
Other current liabilities 689.1  657.5 
Total Current Liabilities 4,407.0  3,405.7 
LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF CURRENT MATURITIES 3,582.5  3,586.9 
NON-RECOURSE DEBT, NET OF CURRENT PORTION 251.7  312.9 
NONCURRENT OPERATING LEASE LIABILITIES 339.8  296.9 
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES 58.1  76.5 
OTHER LIABILITIES 348.6  333.0 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 14)
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 63,562,149 shares issued at June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, including shares held in treasury
0.6  0.6 
Additional paid-in capital 11.0  3.1 
Retained earnings 4,183.1  3,663.7 
Treasury stock, at cost; 19,515,239 and 15,915,358 shares held, respectively
(2,102.9) (1,619.6)
Total Shareholders’ Equity 2,091.8  2,047.8 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity $ 11,079.5  $ 10,059.7 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

1

AUTONATION, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In millions, except per share data)
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
  2023 2022 2023 2022
Revenue:
New vehicle $ 3,281.0  $ 2,935.8  $ 6,212.9  $ 5,743.0 
Used vehicle 2,088.0  2,520.4  4,120.6  5,092.8 
Parts and service 1,145.3  1,036.3  2,235.1  2,040.2 
Finance and insurance, net 369.5  367.6  701.9  731.5 
Other 6.3  9.1  18.3  14.5 
TOTAL REVENUE 6,890.1  6,869.2  13,288.8  13,622.0 
Cost of sales:
New vehicle 2,993.3  2,582.3  5,638.3  5,044.5 
Used vehicle 1,953.7  2,363.9  3,831.9  4,799.7 
Parts and service 602.8  554.6  1,181.5  1,097.4 
Other 5.0  6.7  15.4  9.8 
TOTAL COST OF SALES 5,554.8  5,507.5  10,667.1  10,951.4 
Gross profit:
New vehicle 287.7  353.5  574.6  698.5 
Used vehicle 134.3  156.5  288.7  293.1 
Parts and service 542.5  481.7  1,053.6  942.8 
Finance and insurance 369.5  367.6  701.9  731.5 
Other 1.3  2.4  2.9  4.7 
TOTAL GROSS PROFIT 1,335.3  1,361.7  2,621.7  2,670.6 
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 842.9  754.8  1,625.6  1,496.2 
Depreciation and amortization 54.6  48.8  107.4  98.8 
Other (income) expense, net (1.4) —  6.2  (1.5)
OPERATING INCOME 439.2  558.1  882.5  1,077.1 
Non-operating income (expense) items:
Floorplan interest expense (32.8) (5.8) (59.9) (11.0)
Other interest expense (46.0) (34.1) (87.1) (63.7)
Other income (loss), net 4.4  (13.7) 9.6  (20.1)
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES 364.8  504.5  745.1  982.3 
Income tax provision 92.3  128.0  184.8  243.7 
NET INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 272.5  376.5  560.3  738.6 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes —  (0.2) 0.9  (0.2)
NET INCOME $ 272.5  $ 376.3  $ 561.2  $ 738.4 
BASIC EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE:
Continuing operations $ 6.06  $ 6.51  $ 12.15  $ 12.33 
Discontinued operations $ —  $ —  $ 0.02  $ — 
Net income $ 6.06  $ 6.51  $ 12.17  $ 12.33 
Weighted average common shares outstanding 45.0  57.8  46.1  59.9 
DILUTED EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE:
Continuing operations $ 6.02  $ 6.48  $ 12.08  $ 12.25 
Discontinued operations $ —  $ —  $ 0.02  $ — 
Net income $ 6.02  $ 6.48  $ 12.09  $ 12.25 
Weighted average common shares outstanding 45.3  58.1  46.4  60.3 
COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING, net of treasury stock, at period end 44.0  56.0  44.0  56.0 
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

2

AUTONATION, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In millions, except share data)
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
  Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Treasury
Stock
Total
  Shares Amount
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2022 63,562,149  $ 0.6  $ 3.1  $ 3,663.7  $ (1,619.6) $ 2,047.8 
Net income —  —  —  288.7  —  288.7 
Repurchases of common stock, including excise tax —  —  —  —  (307.5) (307.5)
Stock-based compensation expense —  —  15.1  —  —  15.1 
Shares awarded under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares withheld for taxes
—  —  (15.2) (41.8) 33.2  (23.8)
BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2023 63,562,149  $ 0.6  $ 3.0  $ 3,910.6  $ (1,893.9) $ 2,020.3 
Net income —  —  —  272.5  —  272.5 
Repurchases of common stock, including excise tax —  —  —  —  (209.5) (209.5)
Stock-based compensation expense —  —  8.3  —  —  8.3 
Shares awarded under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares withheld for taxes —  —  (0.3) —  0.5  0.2 
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2023 63,562,149  $ 0.6  $ 11.0  $ 4,183.1  $ (2,102.9) $ 2,091.8 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
  Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Treasury
Stock
Total
  Shares Amount
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2021 86,562,149  $ 0.8  $ 3.2  $ 4,639.9  $ (2,266.9) $ 2,377.0 
Net income —  —  —  362.1  —  362.1 
Repurchases of common stock —  —  —  —  (380.9) (380.9)
Stock-based compensation expense —  —  15.9  —  —  15.9 
Shares awarded under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares withheld for taxes
—  —  (16.7) (58.1) 46.3  (28.5)
BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2022 86,562,149  $ 0.8  $ 2.4  $ 4,943.9  $ (2,601.5) $ 2,345.6 
Net income —  —  —  376.3  —  376.3 
Repurchases of common stock —  —  —  —  (403.9) (403.9)
Stock-based compensation expense —  —  5.3  —  —  5.3 
Shares awarded under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares withheld for taxes
—  —  (2.5) —  4.2  1.7 
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2022 86,562,149  $ 0.8  $ 5.2  $ 5,320.2  $ (3,001.2) $ 2,325.0 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


3

AUTONATION, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
 
Six Months Ended
  June 30,
  2023 2022
CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 561.2  $ 738.4 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
(Income) loss from discontinued operations (0.9) 0.2 
Depreciation and amortization 107.4  98.8 
Amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of debt discounts 4.8  3.0 
Stock-based compensation expense 23.4  21.2 
Provision for credit losses on auto loans receivable 22.7  — 
Deferred income tax provision 2.8  3.5 
Net gain related to business/property dispositions (1.1) (1.0)
Non-cash impairment charges 2.2  1.0 
Loss on equity investments 1.3  0.1 
Loss (gain) on corporate-owned life insurance asset (9.1) 20.8 
(Increase) decrease, net of effects from business acquisitions and divestitures:
Receivables 20.7  24.3 
Inventory (485.8) (63.5)
Other assets (102.5) (0.9)
Increase (decrease), net of effects from business acquisitions and divestitures:
Vehicle floorplan payable - trade 265.2  71.8 
Accounts payable 53.4  (20.8)
Other liabilities 41.6  (1.7)
Net cash provided by continuing operations 507.3  895.2 
Net cash used in discontinued operations (0.3) (0.2)
Net cash provided by operating activities 507.0  895.0 
CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property and equipment (199.0) (160.3)
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment 1.8  — 
Proceeds from the disposal of assets held for sale 2.5  18.0 
Cash used in business acquisitions, net of cash acquired (268.9) — 
Originations of auto loans receivable acquired through third-party dealers (91.8) — 
Collections on auto loans receivable acquired through third-party dealers 76.7  — 
Other (8.8) (6.2)
Net cash used in continuing operations (487.5) (148.5)
Net cash used in discontinued operations —  — 
Net cash used in investing activities (487.5) (148.5)

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

AUTONATION, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Continued)
 
Six Months Ended
  June 30,
  2023 2022
CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repurchases of common stock (523.2) (784.5)
Proceeds from 3.85% Senior Notes due 2032
—  698.8 
Net proceeds from (payments of) commercial paper 415.0  (340.0)
Proceeds from non-recourse debt 63.9  — 
Payments of non-recourse debt (126.9) — 
Payment of debt issuance costs —  (6.6)
Net proceeds from (payments of) vehicle floorplan payable - non-trade 171.4  (5.5)
Payments of other debt obligations (6.2) (5.9)
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options 1.5  2.6 
Payments of tax withholdings for stock-based awards (25.1) (29.4)
Net cash used in continuing operations (29.6) (470.5)
Net cash used in discontinued operations —  — 
Net cash used in financing activities (29.6) (470.5)
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH (10.1) 276.0 
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH at beginning of period 95.4  60.6 
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH at end of period $ 85.3  $ 336.6 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.






















5

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In millions, except per share data)
1.INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Business and Basis of Presentation
AutoNation, Inc., through its subsidiaries, is one of the largest automotive retailers in the United States. As of June 30, 2023, we owned and operated 353 new vehicle franchises from 253 stores located in the United States, predominantly in major metropolitan markets in the Sunbelt region. Our stores, which we believe include some of the most recognizable and well-known in our key markets, sell 33 different new vehicle brands. The core brands of new vehicles that we sell, representing approximately 89% of the new vehicles that we sold during the six months ended June 30, 2023, are manufactured by Toyota (including Lexus), Honda, Ford, General Motors, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Stellantis, and Volkswagen (including Audi and Porsche). As of June 30, 2023, we also owned and operated 53 AutoNation-branded collision centers, 16 AutoNation USA used vehicle stores, 4 AutoNation-branded automotive auction operations, 3 parts distribution centers, an auto finance company, and a mobile automotive repair and maintenance business.
We offer a diversified range of automotive products and services, including new vehicles, used vehicles, “parts and service” (also referred to as “After-Sales”), which includes automotive repair and maintenance services as well as wholesale parts and collision businesses, and automotive “finance and insurance” products (also referred to as “Customer Financial Services”), which include vehicle service and other protection products, as well as the arranging of financing for vehicle purchases through third-party finance sources. We also offer indirect financing on certain vehicles we sell, as well as on installment contracts acquired by our captive finance company through third-party independent dealers. For convenience, the terms “AutoNation,” “Company,” and “we” are used to refer collectively to AutoNation, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise required by the context. Our store and other operations are conducted by our subsidiaries.
The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of AutoNation, Inc. and its subsidiaries; intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Additionally, operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for a full year. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements herein should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included within our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. These Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all material adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly state, in all material respects, our financial position and results of operations for the periods presented.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. In preparing these financial statements, management has made its best estimates and judgments of certain amounts included in the financial statements. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. However, application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. We periodically evaluate estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements and make changes on a prospective basis when adjustments are necessary. Such estimates and assumptions affect, among other things, our goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible asset, and long-lived asset valuations; inventory valuation; equity investment valuation; assets held for sale; assessments of variable consideration and related constraints related to retrospective commissions; accruals for chargebacks against revenue recognized from the sale of finance and insurance products; accruals related to self-insurance programs; certain legal proceedings; assessment of the annual income tax expense; valuation of deferred income taxes and income tax contingencies; the allowance for expected credit losses; and measurement of performance-based compensation costs.






6

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
2.    REVENUE RECOGNITION
Disaggregation of Revenue
The significant majority of our revenue is from contracts with customers. Taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are directly imposed on revenue transactions are excluded from revenue. In the following tables, revenue is disaggregated by major lines of goods and services and timing of transfer of goods and services. We have determined that these categories depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The tables below also include a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue to reportable segment revenue.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Domestic Import Premium Luxury
Corporate and other(1)
Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle $ 923.0  $ 1,011.2  $ 1,346.8  $ —  $ 3,281.0 
Used vehicle 619.0  563.2  756.9  148.9  2,088.0 
Parts and service 298.7  291.3  400.3  155.0  1,145.3 
Finance and insurance, net 114.3  128.0  115.8  11.4  369.5 
Other 0.5  4.0  0.7  1.1  6.3 
$ 1,955.5  $ 1,997.7  $ 2,620.5  $ 316.4  $ 6,890.1 
Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time $ 1,740.1  $ 1,771.5  $ 2,278.3  $ 210.6  $ 6,000.5 
Goods and services transferred over time(2)
215.4  226.2  342.2  105.8  889.6 
$ 1,955.5  $ 1,997.7  $ 2,620.5  $ 316.4  $ 6,890.1 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Domestic Import Premium Luxury
Corporate and other(1)
Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle $ 858.1  $ 852.4  $ 1,225.3  $ —  $ 2,935.8 
Used vehicle 786.8  699.6  904.6  129.4  2,520.4 
Parts and service 275.5  266.3  367.0  127.5  1,036.3 
Finance and insurance, net 119.4  125.7  118.4  4.1  367.6 
Other 1.1  5.7  1.3  1.0  9.1 
$ 2,040.9  $ 1,949.7  $ 2,616.6  $ 262.0  $ 6,869.2 
Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time $ 1,848.7  $ 1,748.9  $ 2,311.4  $ 179.5  $ 6,088.5 
Goods and services transferred over time(2)
192.2  200.8  305.2  82.5  780.7 
$ 2,040.9  $ 1,949.7  $ 2,616.6  $ 262.0  $ 6,869.2 

7

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Domestic Import Premium Luxury
Corporate and other(1)
Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle $ 1,751.0  $ 1,867.6  $ 2,594.3  $ —  $ 6,212.9 
Used vehicle 1,231.3  1,105.3  1,502.7  281.3  4,120.6 
Parts and service 586.3  559.7  786.5  302.6  2,235.1 
Finance and insurance, net 216.6  240.4  220.8  24.1  701.9 
Other 1.4  14.0  1.1  1.8  18.3 
$ 3,786.6  $ 3,787.0  $ 5,105.4  $ 609.8  $ 13,288.8 
Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time $ 3,369.4  $ 3,358.4  $ 4,437.7  $ 405.3  $ 11,570.8 
Goods and services transferred over time(2)
417.2  428.6  667.7  204.5  1,718.0 
$ 3,786.6  $ 3,787.0  $ 5,105.4  $ 609.8  $ 13,288.8 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Domestic Import Premium Luxury
Corporate and other(1)
Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle $ 1,680.6  $ 1,734.0  $ 2,328.4  $ —  $ 5,743.0 
Used vehicle 1,609.9  1,407.2  1,820.7  255.0  5,092.8 
Parts and service 544.2  521.8  718.9  255.3  2,040.2 
Finance and insurance, net 238.6  252.1  225.6  15.2  731.5 
Other 2.0  8.7  1.7  2.1  14.5 
$ 4,075.3  $ 3,923.8  $ 5,095.3  $ 527.6  $ 13,622.0 
Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time $ 3,699.3  $ 3,532.8  $ 4,497.7  $ 366.1  $ 12,095.9 
Goods and services transferred over time(2)
376.0  391.0  597.6  161.5  1,526.1 
$ 4,075.3  $ 3,923.8  $ 5,095.3  $ 527.6  $ 13,622.0 
(1) “Corporate and other” is comprised of our other businesses, including AutoNation USA used vehicle stores, collision centers, parts distribution centers, auction operations, and RepairSmith, our mobile automotive repair and maintenance business.
(2) Represents revenue recognized during the period for automotive repair and maintenance services.
Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations
We sell a vehicle maintenance program (the AutoNation Vehicle Care Program or “VCP”) under which a customer purchases a specific number of maintenance services to be redeemed at an AutoNation location over a five-year term from the date of purchase. We satisfy our performance obligations related to this program and recognize revenue as the maintenance services are rendered, since the customer benefits when we have completed the maintenance service.


8

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
The following table includes estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to VCP performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period:
Revenue Expected to Be Recognized by Period
Total Next 12 Months 13 - 36 Months 37 - 60 Months
Revenue expected to be recognized on VCP contracts sold as of period end
$ 102.8  $ 35.4  $ 49.9  $ 17.5 
As a practical expedient, since automotive repair and maintenance services are performed within one year or less, we do not disclose estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future for automotive repair and maintenance performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period or when we expect to recognize such revenue.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
When the timing of our provision of goods or services is different from the timing of payments made by our customers, we recognize either a contract asset (performance precedes contractual due date) or a contract liability (customer payment precedes performance). Contract assets primarily relate to our right to consideration for work in process not yet billed at the reporting date associated with automotive repair and maintenance services, as well as our estimate of variable consideration that has been included in the transaction price for certain finance and insurance products (retrospective commissions). These contract assets are reclassified to receivables when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract liabilities primarily relate to upfront payments received from customers for the sale of VCP contracts.
Our receivables from contracts with customers are included in Receivables, net, our current contract asset is included in Other Current Assets, our long-term contract asset is included in Other Assets, our current contract liability is included in Other Current Liabilities, and our long-term contract liability is included in Other Liabilities in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table provides the balances of our receivables from contracts with customers and our current and long-term contract assets and contract liabilities:
June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Receivables from contracts with customers, net $ 593.4  $ 634.5 
Contract Asset (Current) $ 17.9  $ 27.7 
Contract Asset (Long-Term) $ 3.2  $ 8.6 
Contract Liability (Current) $ 41.4  $ 41.8 
Contract Liability (Long-Term) $ 67.5  $ 66.6 
The change in the balances of our contract assets and contract liabilities primarily result from the timing differences between our performance and the customer’s payment, as well as changes in the estimated transaction price related to variable consideration for performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. The following table presents revenue recognized during the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period and adjustments to revenue related to performance obligations satisfied in previous periods:
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Amounts included in contract liability at the beginning of the period $ 9.0  $ 8.8  $ 18.4  $ 17.8 
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods $ (0.3) $ 0.9  $ (2.6) $ 4.7 
Other significant changes include contract assets reclassified to receivables of $28.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, and $30.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022.


9

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
3.EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, including vested restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares outstanding, noted above, adjusted for the dilutive effect of unvested RSU awards and stock options.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
  2023 2022 2023 2022
Net income from continuing operations $ 272.5  $ 376.5  $ 560.3  $ 738.6 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes —  (0.2) 0.9  (0.2)
Net income $ 272.5  $ 376.3  $ 561.2  $ 738.4 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
45.0  57.8  46.1  59.9 
Dilutive effect of unvested RSUs and stock options 0.3  0.3  0.3  0.4 
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
45.3  58.1  46.4  60.3 
Basic EPS amounts(1):
Continuing operations
$ 6.06  $ 6.51  $ 12.15  $ 12.33 
Discontinued operations
$ —  $ —  $ 0.02  $ — 
Net income $ 6.06  $ 6.51  $ 12.17  $ 12.33 
Diluted EPS amounts(1):
Continuing operations
$ 6.02  $ 6.48  $ 12.08  $ 12.25 
Discontinued operations
$ —  $ —  $ 0.02  $ — 
Net income $ 6.02  $ 6.48  $ 12.09  $ 12.25 
(1) EPS amounts are calculated discretely and, therefore, may not add up to the total due to rounding.
A summary of anti-dilutive equity instruments excluded from the computation of diluted EPS is as follows:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
  2023 2022 2023 2022
Anti-dilutive equity instruments excluded from the computation of diluted EPS —  0.1  —  0.1 

4.RECEIVABLES, NET
The components of receivables, net of allowances for expected credit losses, are as follows:
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Contracts-in-transit and vehicle receivables $ 371.6  $ 441.1 
Trade receivables 170.6  156.6 
Manufacturer receivables 197.9  174.4 
Income taxes receivable (see Note 9)
29.3  20.2 
Other 74.9  68.2 
844.3  860.5 
Less: allowances for expected credit losses (2.0) (1.7)
Receivables, net
$ 842.3  $ 858.8 

10

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Contracts-in-transit and vehicle receivables primarily represent receivables from financial institutions for the portion of the vehicle sales price financed by our customers. Trade receivables represent amounts due for parts and services sold, excluding amounts due from manufacturers, as well as receivables from finance organizations for commissions on the sale of finance and insurance products. Manufacturer receivables represent amounts due from manufacturers for holdbacks, rebates, incentives, floorplan assistance, and warranty claims. We evaluate our receivables for collectability based on past collection experience, current information, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

5.AUTO LOANS RECEIVABLE
Auto loans receivable include amounts due from customers related to retail vehicle sales financed through our auto finance company (referred to as AutoNation Finance), as well as retail vehicle installment sales contracts acquired through third-party independent dealers. Auto loans receivable are presented net of an allowance for expected credit losses. Auto loans receivable represent a large group of smaller-balance homogeneous loans, which we consider to be part of one class of financing receivable and one portfolio segment for purposes of determining our allowance for expected credit losses.
Interest income and expenses related to auto loans represent AutoNation Finance income (loss), which is included as a component of Other (Income) Expense, Net (within Operating Income). Interest income on auto loans receivable is recognized when earned based on contractual loan terms. Direct costs associated with loan originations are capitalized and amortized using the effective interest method.
Auto Loans Receivable, Net
The components of auto loans receivable, net of unearned discounts and allowances for expected credit losses, at June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, are as follows:
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Total auto loans receivable $ 420.8  $ 377.0 
Accrued interest and fees 5.0  4.4 
Deferred loan origination costs 1.0  0.5 
Less: unearned discounts (18.2) (21.3)
Less: allowances for expected credit losses (63.1) (57.5)
Auto loans receivable, net $ 345.5  $ 303.1 
Credit Quality
We utilize proprietary credit scoring models to rate the risk of default for customers that apply for financing by evaluating customer credit history and certain credit application information. Our evaluation considers information such as payment history for prior or existing credit accounts, as well as application information such as income, collateral, and down payment. The scoring models yield credit program tiers that represent the relative likelihood of repayment. Customers with the highest probability of repayment are “Platinum” customers. Customers assigned a lower credit tier are determined to have a lower probability of repayment. For loans that are approved, the assigned credit tier influences the terms of the agreement, such as the required loan-to-value ratio and interest rate. After origination, credit tier assignments by customer are generally not updated.
We monitor the credit quality of the auto loans receivable on an ongoing basis and also validate the accuracy of the credit scoring models periodically. Loan performance is reviewed on a recurring basis to identify whether the assigned credit tiers adequately reflect the customers’ likelihood of repayment, and if needed, adjustments are made to the scoring models on a prospective basis.

11

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Auto Loans Receivable by Major Credit Program
The following table presents auto loans receivable as of June 30, 2023, disaggregated by major credit program tier:
Fiscal Year of Origination(1)
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior to 2019 Total
Credit Program Tier:
Platinum $ 32.1  $ 18.1  $ 10.3  $ 4.7  $ 5.0  $ 1.1  $ 71.3 
Gold 34.7  44.0  23.6  9.5  7.2  1.8  120.8 
Silver 40.1  49.0  23.1  7.5  5.1  0.9  125.7 
Bronze 22.0  31.7  12.9  5.2  2.4  0.5  74.7 
Copper 5.7  13.7  5.7  1.8  1.1  0.3  28.3 
Total auto loans receivable $ 134.6  $ 156.5  $ 75.6  $ 28.7  $ 20.8  $ 4.6  $ 420.8 
Current-period gross write-offs $ 0.6  $ 17.0  $ 8.5  $ 2.5  $ 1.5  $ 0.5  $ 30.6 
(1) Classified based on credit grade assigned when customer was initially approved for financing.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses represents the net credit losses expected over the remaining contractual life of our auto loans receivable. The allowance for credit losses is determined using a vintage-level statistical model that captures the relationship between historical changes in gross losses and the lifetime loss curves by month on book, credit tiers at origination, and seasonality, adjusted for expected recoveries based on historical recovery trends. The credit loss model also incorporates reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future utilizing a forecast of a macroeconomic variable, specifically, the change in U.S. disposable personal income, which we believe is most strongly correlated to evaluating and predicting expected credit losses of our auto loans receivable. We utilize a reasonable and supportable forecast period of one year, after which we immediately revert to historical experience.
We periodically consider whether the use of alternative variables would result in improved credit loss model accuracy and revise the model when appropriate. We also consider whether qualitative adjustments are necessary for factors that are not reflected in the quantitative methods but impact the measurement of estimated credit losses. Such adjustments include the expectations of the impact of recent economic trends on customer behavior.
The net loss estimate is calculated by applying the loss rates developed using the methods described above to the amortized cost basis of the auto loans receivable. The change in the allowance for credit losses is recognized through an adjustment to the provision for credit losses.
Rollforward of Allowance for Credit Losses
The following is a rollforward of our allowance for expected credit losses for auto loans receivable for the six months ended June 30, 2023:
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2023
Balance as of beginning of year $ 57.5 
Provision for credit losses 22.7 
Write-offs (30.6)
Recoveries(1)
13.5 
Balance as of June 30, 2023
$ 63.1 
(1) Net of costs incurred to recover vehicle collateral.

12

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Past Due Auto Loans Receivable
An account is considered delinquent if 95% of the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. All loans continue to accrue interest until repayment, write-off, or when a loan reaches 75 days past due. If payment is received after a loan has stopped accruing interest due to reaching 75 days past due, the loan will be deemed current and the accrual of interest resumes. When a write-off occurs, accrued interest is written off by reversing interest income. Payments received on nonaccrual assets are recorded using a combination of the cost recovery method and the cash basis method depending on whether the related loan has been written off. In general, accounts are written off on the last business day of the month during which the earliest of the following occurs: the receivable is 120 days or more delinquent as of the last business day of the month, the vehicle has been repossessed and liquidated, or the related vehicle has been in repossession inventory for at least 60 days. The following table presents past due auto loans receivable, as of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022:
Age Analysis of Past-Due Auto Loans Receivable as of
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
31-60 Days $ 19.2  $ 13.0 
61-90 Days 4.8  4.1
Greater than 90 Days 2.6  2.6
Total Past Due $ 26.6  $ 19.7 
Current 394.2  357.3
Total $ 420.8  $ 377.0 

6.INVENTORY AND VEHICLE FLOORPLAN PAYABLE
The components of inventory are as follows:
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
New vehicles $ 1,404.1  $ 1,009.7 
Used vehicles 905.5  789.1 
Parts, accessories, and other 262.9  249.5 
Inventory
$ 2,572.5  $ 2,048.3 

The components of vehicle floorplan payable are as follows:
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Vehicle floorplan payable - trade $ 1,211.7  $ 946.6 
Vehicle floorplan payable - non-trade 1,369.8  1,162.7 
Vehicle floorplan payable
$ 2,581.5  $ 2,109.3 
Vehicle floorplan payable-trade reflects amounts borrowed to finance the purchase of specific new and, to a lesser extent, used vehicle inventories with the corresponding manufacturers’ captive finance subsidiaries (“trade lenders”). Vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade represents amounts borrowed to finance the purchase of specific new and, to a lesser extent, used vehicle inventories with non-trade lenders, as well as amounts borrowed under our secured used vehicle floorplan facilities. Changes in vehicle floorplan payable-trade are reported as operating cash flows and changes in vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade are reported as financing cash flows in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Our inventory costs are generally reduced by manufacturer holdbacks, incentives, floorplan assistance, and non-reimbursement-based manufacturer advertising rebates, while the related vehicle floorplan payables are reflective of the gross cost of the vehicle.

13

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
The vehicle floorplan payables, as shown in the above table, may also be higher than the inventory cost due to the timing of the sale of a vehicle and payment of the related liability.
Vehicle floorplan facilities are due on demand, but in the case of new vehicle inventories, are generally paid within several business days after the related vehicles are sold. Vehicle floorplan facilities are primarily collateralized by vehicle inventories and related receivables.
At June 30, 2023, our new vehicle floorplan facilities utilized Prime-based and SOFR-based interest rates. Our new vehicle floorplan outstanding had a weighted-average interest rate of 6.8% at June 30, 2023, and 5.9% at December 31, 2022. As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate capacity under our new vehicle floorplan facilities to finance our new vehicle inventory was approximately $4.6 billion, of which $2.0 billion had been borrowed.
At June 30, 2023, our used vehicle floorplan facilities utilized Prime-based and SOFR-based interest rates. Our used vehicle floorplan outstanding had a weighted-average interest rate of 6.7% at June 30, 2023, and 5.9% at December 31, 2022. As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate capacity under our used vehicle floorplan facilities with various lenders to finance a portion of our used vehicle inventory was $683.6 million, of which $614.6 million had been borrowed. The remaining borrowing capacity of $69.0 million was limited to $0.2 million based on the eligible used vehicle inventory that could have been pledged as collateral.

7.GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
Goodwill and intangible assets, net, consist of the following:
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Goodwill (1)
$ 1,460.7 

$ 1,320.1 
Franchise rights - indefinite-lived $ 878.8  $ 816.2 
Other intangibles 70.8  30.7 
949.6  846.9 
Less: accumulated amortization (13.4) (9.9)
Other intangible assets, net $ 936.2  $ 837.0 
(1) The change in goodwill from the prior period is primarily due to the acquisition of the mobile repair and maintenance business we acquired in January 2023. Such goodwill is reflected in our Mobile Service reporting unit.
Goodwill for our reporting units and our franchise rights assets are tested for impairment annually as of April 30 or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist.
Under accounting standards, we chose to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment for our annual impairment testing as of April 30, 2023, and we determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were less than their carrying amounts. We elected to perform quantitative franchise rights impairment tests as of April 30, 2023, and no impairment charges resulted from these quantitative tests.
See Note 13 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information about our annual impairment tests of goodwill and franchise rights.


14

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
8.DEBT
Non-Vehicle Long-Term Debt
Non-vehicle long-term debt consisted of the following:
Debt Description Maturity Date Interest Payable June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
3.5% Senior Notes
November 15, 2024 May 15 and November 15 $ 450.0  $ 450.0 
4.5% Senior Notes
October 1, 2025 April 1 and October 1 450.0  450.0 
3.8% Senior Notes
November 15, 2027 May 15 and November 15 300.0  300.0 
1.95% Senior Notes
August 1, 2028 February 1 and August 1 400.0  400.0 
4.75% Senior Notes
June 1, 2030 June 1 and December 1 500.0  500.0 
2.4% Senior Notes
August 1, 2031 February 1 and August 1 450.0  450.0 
3.85% Senior Notes
March 1, 2032 March 1 and September 1 700.0  700.0 
Revolving credit facility March 26, 2025* Monthly —  — 
Finance leases and other debt
Various dates through 2041
369.3  375.5 
3,619.3  3,625.5 
Less: unamortized debt discounts and debt issuance costs (24.0) (26.0)
Less: current maturities (12.8) (12.6)
Long-term debt, net of current maturities $ 3,582.5  $ 3,586.9 
* As described below under “Debt Refinancing Transaction,” we amended and restated our credit agreement on July 18, 2023, and extended the maturity date to July 18, 2028.
Debt Refinancing Transaction
On July 18, 2023, we amended and restated our unsecured credit agreement to, among other things, (1) increase the revolving credit facility commitment from $1.8 billion to $1.9 billion, (2) extend the maturity date to July 18, 2028, (3) allow for the maximum leverage ratio covenant to increase from 3.75x to 4.25x for four fiscal quarters in the event that we complete a material acquisition, and (4) replace the maximum capitalization ratio covenant with a minimum interest coverage ratio covenant.
Senior Unsecured Notes and Credit Agreement
The interest rates payable on our 3.5% Senior Notes, 4.5% Senior Notes, 3.8% Senior Notes, and 4.75% Senior Notes are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain credit rating events as provided in the indentures for these senior unsecured notes.
Prior to its amendment and restatement as described above under “Debt Refinancing Transaction,” our credit agreement provided for a $1.8 billion revolving credit facility that was scheduled to mature on March 26, 2025. The amended and restated credit agreement provides for a $1.9 billion revolving credit facility that matures on July 18, 2028. Our amended and restated credit agreement continues to contain an accordion feature that allows us, subject to credit availability and certain other conditions, to increase the amount of the revolving credit facility, together with any added term loans, by up to $500.0 million in the aggregate. As of June 30, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility. We continue to have a $200.0 million letter of credit sublimit as part of the revolving credit facility under our amended and restated credit agreement. The amount available to be borrowed under the revolving credit facility is reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by the cumulative amount of any outstanding letters of credit, which was $0.7 million at June 30, 2023. At June 30, 2023, our borrowing capacity under our credit agreement was $1.8 billion.
Our revolving credit facility under our amended and restated credit agreement provides for a commitment fee on undrawn amounts ranging from 0.125% to 0.20% and interest on borrowings at SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% or the base rate, in each case plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges from 1.125% to 1.50% for SOFR borrowings and 0.125% to 0.50% for base rate borrowings. The interest rate charged for our revolving credit facility is affected by our leverage ratio. These pricing terms remain unchanged from the credit agreement that was in place at June 30, 2023.

15

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Within the meaning of Regulation S-X, Rule 3-10, AutoNation, Inc. (the parent company) has no independent assets or operations. If guarantees of our subsidiaries were to be issued under our existing registration statement, we expect that such guarantees would be full and unconditional and joint and several, and any subsidiaries other than the guarantor subsidiaries would be minor.
Other Long-Term Debt
At June 30, 2023, we had finance leases and other debt obligations of $369.3 million, which are due at various dates through 2041.
Commercial Paper
We have a commercial paper program pursuant to which we may issue short-term, unsecured commercial paper notes on a private placement basis. At June 30, 2023, the maximum aggregate amount that could be outstanding at any time was $1.0 billion. The interest rate for the commercial paper notes varies based on duration and market conditions. The maturities of the commercial paper notes may vary, but may not exceed 397 days from the date of issuance. Proceeds from the issuance of commercial paper notes are used to repay borrowings under the revolving credit facility, to finance acquisitions, and for strategic initiatives, working capital, capital expenditures, share repurchases, and/or other general corporate purposes. We plan to use the revolving credit facility under our credit agreement as a liquidity backstop for borrowings under the commercial paper program. A downgrade in our credit ratings could negatively impact our ability to issue, or the interest rates for, commercial paper notes.
At June 30, 2023, we had $465.0 million of commercial paper notes outstanding with a weighted-average annual interest rate of 5.73% and a weighted-average remaining term of 5 days. At December 31, 2022, we had $50.0 million of commercial paper notes outstanding with a weighted-average annual interest rate of 4.30% and a weighted-average remaining term of 1 day.
Non-Recourse Debt
Non-recourse debt relates to auto loans receivable of our captive auto finance company funded through non-recourse funding facilities, including warehouse facilities and asset-backed term funding transactions.
We have two warehouse facility agreements with certain banking institutions through wholly-owned, bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entities, primarily to finance the purchase and origination of auto loans receivable. We fund auto loans receivable through these warehouse facilities, which are secured by the eligible auto loans receivable pledged as collateral.
Additionally, we have term securitizations that were put in place to provide long-term funding for certain auto loans receivable initially funded through the warehouse facilities. In these transactions, a pool of auto loans receivable is sold to a bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entity that, in turn, transfers the receivables to a special purpose securitization trust (“term securitization trust”). The term securitization trust issues asset-backed securities, secured or otherwise supported by the transferred receivables, and the proceeds from the sale of the asset-backed securities are used to finance the securitized receivables.
We are required to evaluate the term securitization trusts for consolidation. We retain the servicing rights for the auto loans receivable that were funded through the term securitizations. In our capacity as servicer of the underlying auto loans receivable, we have the power to direct the activities of the trusts that most significantly impact the economic performance of the trusts. In addition, we have the obligation to absorb losses (subject to limitations) and the rights to receive any returns of the trusts, which could be significant. Accordingly, we are the primary beneficiary of the trusts and are required to consolidate them.
We recognize transfers of auto loans receivable into the warehouse facilities and term securitizations (together, “non-recourse debt”) as secured borrowings, which result in recording the auto loans receivable and the related non-recourse debt on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The non-recourse debt is structured to legally isolate the auto loans receivable, which can only be used as collateral to settle obligations of the related non-recourse debt. The term securitization trusts and investors and the creditors of the warehouse facilities have no recourse to our assets for payment of the debt beyond the related receivables, the amounts on deposit in reserve accounts, and the restricted cash from collections on auto loans receivable.

16

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Non-recourse debt outstanding at June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, consisted of the following:
June 30,
2023
December 31, 2022
Warehouse facilities $ 166.4  $ 181.8 
Term securitization debt of consolidated VIEs 99.3  146.9 
265.7  328.7 
Less: unamortized debt discounts and debt issuance costs (3.5) (5.1)
Less: current maturities (10.5) (10.7)
Non-recourse debt, net of current maturities $ 251.7  $ 312.9 
The timing of principal payments on the non-recourse debt is based on the timing of principal collections and defaults on the related auto loans receivable. The current portion of non-recourse debt represents the portion of the payments received from the auto loans receivable that are due to be distributed as principal payments on the non-recourse debt in the following period.
One of the warehouse facilities matures on October 1, 2023, and the other matures on December 17, 2023. Aggregate commitments under the warehouse facilities total $350.0 million.
The term securitization debt of consolidated VIEs consists of various notes with interest rates ranging from 0.69% to 4.45% and maturity dates ranging from April 2025 to May 2028. Term securitization debt is expected to become due and be paid prior to the final legal maturities based on amortization of the auto loans receivable pledged as collateral. The term securitization agreements require certain funds to be held in restricted cash accounts to provide additional collateral for the borrowings or to be applied to make payments on the securitization debt. Restricted cash of consolidated VIEs under the various term securitization agreements totaled $10.5 million as of June 30, 2023, and $14.9 million as of December 31, 2022, and is included in Other Current Assets and Other Assets in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Auto loans receivable pledged to the term securitization debt of consolidated VIEs totaled $101.7 million as of June 30, 2023, and $151.4 million as of December 31, 2022.

9.INCOME TAXES
Income taxes receivable included in Receivables, net totaled totaled $29.3 million at June 30, 2023 and $20.2 million at December 31, 2022.
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states. As a matter of course, various taxing authorities, including the IRS, regularly audit us. These audits may culminate in proposed assessments which may ultimately result in our owing additional taxes. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2018. Currently, no tax years are under examination by the IRS, and tax years from 2019 to 2021 are under examination by U.S. state jurisdictions. We believe that our tax positions comply with applicable tax law and that we have adequately provided for these matters.
It is our policy to account for interest and penalties associated with income tax obligations as a component of Income Tax Provision in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

10.SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
A summary of shares repurchased under our stock repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors follows:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
  2023 2022 2023 2022
Shares repurchased 1.6  3.7  4.0  7.2 
Aggregate purchase price (1)
$ 207.4  $ 403.9  $ 512.4  $ 784.9 
Average purchase price per share $ 132.44  $ 109.22  $ 128.76  $ 109.62 
(1) Excludes excise tax accrual imposed under the Inflation Reduction Act of $2.1 million and $4.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

17

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
As of June 30, 2023, $672.0 million remained available under our stock repurchase limit most recently authorized by our Board of Directors.
We have 5.0 million authorized shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, none of which are issued or outstanding. The Board of Directors has the authority to issue the preferred stock in one or more series and to establish the rights, preferences, and dividends of such preferred stock.
A summary of shares of common stock issued in connection with the exercise of stock options follows:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Shares issued (in actual number of shares) 3,861  32,064  30,996  54,460 
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options $ 0.2  $ 1.8  $ 1.5  $ 2.6 
Average exercise price per share $ 57.44  $ 54.63  $ 48.80  $ 47.88 
The following table presents a summary of shares of common stock issued in connection with the settlement of RSUs, as well as shares surrendered to AutoNation to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the settlement of RSUs:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
(In actual number of shares) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Shares issued 1,111  10,973  531,007  774,085 
Shares surrendered to AutoNation to satisfy tax withholding obligations
296  —  182,249  262,951 

11. ACQUISITIONS
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we acquired RepairSmith, a mobile solution for automotive repair and maintenance, and we also purchased six stores. Acquisitions are included in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements from the date of acquisition. The purchase price allocations for these business combinations are preliminary and subject to final adjustments, primarily related to the valuation of working capital, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and residual goodwill. We did not purchase any stores during the six months ended June 30, 2022.
The acquisitions that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2023, were not material to our financial condition or results of operations. Additionally, on a pro forma basis as if the results of these acquisitions had been included in our consolidated results for the entire six month periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, revenue and net income would not have been materially different from our reported revenue and net income for these periods.

12.CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
The total amounts presented on our statements of cash flows include cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash. Restricted cash includes additional collateral for non-recourse debt borrowings and collections on auto loans receivable that are due to be distributed to non-recourse debt holders in the following period. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents reported on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets to the total amounts reported on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Cash and cash equivalents $ 63.7  $ 72.6 
Restricted cash included in Other Current Assets 16.9  15.6 
Restricted cash included in Other Assets 4.7  7.2 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $ 85.3  $ 95.4 

18

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
We had accrued purchases of property and equipment of $39.4 million at June 30, 2023, and $22.5 million at June 30, 2022.
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2023 2022
Supplemental noncash information on adjustments to right-of-use assets, including right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new:
Operating lease liabilities $ 67.0  $ 23.1 
Finance lease liabilities $ 27.8  $ 12.5 
Interest and Income Taxes Paid
We made interest payments, net of amounts capitalized and including interest on vehicle inventory financing, of $140.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023, and $62.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022. We made income tax payments, net of income tax refunds, of $190.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023, and $252.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

13.FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The fair value of a financial instrument represents the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market information about the financial instrument. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of judgment, and therefore cannot be determined with precision.
Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Accounting standards establish a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value and also establishes the following three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that a reporting entity can access at the measurement date
Level 2 Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are observable either directly or indirectly
Level 3 Unobservable inputs
The following methods and assumptions were used by us in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
•Cash and cash equivalents, receivables, other current assets, vehicle floorplan payable, accounts payable, other current liabilities, commercial paper, warehouse credit facilities, and variable rate debt: The amounts reported in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets approximate fair value due to their short-term nature or the existence of variable interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates.
•Auto loans receivable, net: Auto loans receivable are presented net of an allowance for expected credit losses, which we believe approximates fair value.
•Investments in Equity Securities: Our equity investments with readily determinable fair values are measured at fair value using Level 1 inputs. The fair value of our equity investments with readily determinable fair values totaled $14.3 million at June 30, 2023, and $15.4 million at December 31, 2022.
Our equity investment that does not have a readily determinable fair value is measured using the measurement alternative as permitted by accounting standards and was recorded at cost, to be subsequently adjusted for observable price changes. The carrying amount of our equity investment without a readily determinable fair value was $56.7 million at June 30, 2023, and $56.7 million at December 31, 2022. This equity investment reflects a cumulative upward adjustment of $3.4 million based on an observable price change. We did not record any upward adjustments during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Additionally, we have not recorded any impairments or downward adjustments to the carrying amount of this equity investment as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

19

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Investments in equity securities are reported in Other Current Assets and Other Assets in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are reported in Other Income (Loss), Net (non-operating) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information.
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2023 2022
Net losses recognized during the period on equity securities $ (1.3) $ (0.1)
Less: Net losses recognized during the period on equity securities sold during the period —  — 
Unrealized losses recognized during the reporting period on equity securities still held at the reporting date $ (1.3) $ (0.1)
•Fixed rate long-term debt: Our fixed rate long-term debt consists primarily of amounts outstanding under our senior unsecured notes. We estimate the fair value of our senior unsecured notes using quoted prices for the identical liability (Level 1). A summary of the aggregate carrying values and fair values of our senior unsecured notes is as follows:
June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Carrying value $ 3,226.0  $ 3,224.0 
Fair value $ 2,872.2  $ 2,803.6 
Nonfinancial assets such as goodwill, other intangible assets, and long-lived assets held and used, are measured at fair value when there is an indicator of impairment and recorded at fair value only when impairment is recognized or for a business combination. The fair values less costs to sell of long-lived assets or disposal groups held for sale are assessed each reporting period they remain classified as held for sale. Subsequent changes in the held for sale long-lived asset’s or disposal group's fair value less cost to sell (increase or decrease) are reported as an adjustment to its carrying amount, except that the adjusted carrying amount cannot exceed the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or disposal group at the time it was initially classified as held for sale.
The following table presents assets measured and recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:
2023 2022
Description Fair Value
Measurements Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
Gain/(Loss) Fair Value
Measurements Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
Gain/(Loss)
Long-lived assets held and used $ —  $ (2.2) $ —  $ (1.0)
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill for our reporting units and our indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually as of April 30 or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist. Our principal identifiable intangible assets are individual store rights under franchise agreements with vehicle manufacturers, which have indefinite lives.
Under accounting standards, we chose to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment for our annual impairment testing as of April 30, 2023 and 2022, and we determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were less than their carrying amounts. We elected to perform quantitative franchise rights impairment tests as of April 30, 2023 and 2022, and no impairment charges resulted from these quantitative tests.

20

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
The quantitative impairment test for franchise rights requires the comparison of the franchise rights’ estimated fair value to carrying value by store. Fair values of rights under franchise agreements are estimated using Level 3 inputs by discounting expected future cash flows of the store. The forecasted cash flows contain inherent uncertainties, including significant estimates and assumptions related to growth rates, margins, working capital requirements, capital expenditures, and cost of capital, for which we utilize certain market participant-based assumptions, using third-party industry projections, economic projections, and other marketplace data we believe to be reasonable.
Long-Lived Assets and Right-of-Use Assets
Fair value measurements for our long-lived assets and right-of-use assets are based on Level 3 inputs. Changes in fair value measurements are reviewed and assessed each quarter for properties classified as held for sale, or when an indicator of impairment exists for properties classified as held and used or for right-of-use assets. The valuation process is generally based on a combination of the market and replacement cost approaches. In certain cases, fair value measurements are based on pending agreements to sell the related assets.
In a market approach, we use transaction prices for comparable properties that have recently been sold. These transaction prices are adjusted for factors related to a specific property. We evaluate changes in local real estate markets, and/or recent market interest or negotiations related to a specific property. In a replacement cost approach, the cost to replace a specific long-lived asset is considered, which is adjusted for depreciation from physical deterioration, as well as functional and economic obsolescence, if present and measurable.
To validate the fair values determined under the valuation process noted above, we also obtain independent third-party appraisals for our properties and/or third-party brokers’ opinions of value, which are generally developed using the same valuation approaches described above, and we evaluate any recent negotiations or discussions with third-party real estate brokers related to a specific long-lived asset or market. 
The non-cash impairment charges related to long-lived assets held and used are included in Other (Income) Expense, Net in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information.
We had assets held for sale in continuing operations of $5.7 million as of June 30, 2023, and $5.7 million as of December 31, 2022, related to property held for sale. We had no assets held for sale in discontinued operations as of June 30, 2023, and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2022, which was related to property held for sale. Assets held for sale are included in Other Current Assets in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Repossessed assets
Repossessed assets consist of vehicles repossessed in the event of non-payment of the related auto loans receivable. Repossessed assets are recorded at their estimated fair values, based on Level 3 inputs, less estimated costs to sell. The fair value is determined based on comparable recent sales and adjusted for various factors, including the age of the vehicle and known changes in the market and in the collateral. We had repossessed assets of $4.2 million as of June 30, 2023, and $2.7 million as of December 31, 2022. Repossessed assets are included in Other Assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

14.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal Proceedings
We are involved, and will continue to be involved, in numerous legal proceedings arising out of the conduct of our business, including litigation with customers, third-party dealers, wage and hour and other employment-related lawsuits, and actions brought by governmental authorities. Some of these lawsuits purport or may be determined to be class or collective actions and seek substantial damages or injunctive relief, or both, and some may remain unresolved for several years. We establish accruals for specific legal proceedings when it is considered probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Our accruals for loss contingencies are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as additional information becomes available. We disclose the amount accrued if material or if such disclosure is necessary for our financial statements to not be misleading. If a loss is not both probable and reasonably estimable, or if an exposure to loss exists in excess of the amount accrued, we assess whether there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional loss, may have been incurred. If there is a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional loss, may have been incurred, we disclose the estimate of the possible loss or range of loss if it is material or a statement that such an estimate cannot be made. Our evaluation of whether a loss is reasonably possible or probable is based on our assessment and consultation with legal counsel regarding the ultimate outcome of the matter.

21

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
As of June 30, 2023 and 2022, we have accrued for the potential impact of loss contingencies that are probable and reasonably estimable, and there was no indication of a reasonable possibility that a material loss, or additional material loss, may have been incurred. We do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. However, the results of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, and an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
Other Matters
AutoNation, acting through its subsidiaries, is the lessee under many real estate leases that provide for the use by our subsidiaries of their respective store premises. Pursuant to these leases, our subsidiaries generally agree to indemnify the lessor and other related parties from certain liabilities arising as a result of the use of the leased premises, including environmental liabilities, or a breach of the lease by the lessee. Additionally, from time to time, we enter into agreements with third parties in connection with the sale of assets or businesses in which we agree to indemnify the purchaser or related parties from certain liabilities or costs arising in connection with the assets or business. Also, in the ordinary course of business in connection with purchases or sales of goods and services, we enter into agreements that may contain indemnification provisions. In the event that an indemnification claim is asserted, our liability would be limited by the terms of the applicable agreement.
From time to time, primarily in connection with dispositions of automotive stores, our subsidiaries assign or sublet to the store purchaser the subsidiaries’ interests in any real property leases associated with such stores. In general, our subsidiaries retain responsibility for the performance of certain obligations under such leases to the extent that the assignee or sublessee does not perform, whether such performance is required prior to or following the assignment or subletting of the lease. Additionally, AutoNation and its subsidiaries generally remain subject to the terms of any guarantees made by us and our subsidiaries in connection with such leases. We generally have indemnification rights against the assignee or sublessee in the event of non-performance under these leases, as well as certain defenses. We presently have no reason to believe that we or our subsidiaries will be called on to perform under any such remaining assigned leases or subleases. We estimate that lessee rental payment obligations during the remaining terms of these leases with expirations ranging from 2024 to 2034 are approximately $5 million at June 30, 2023. There can be no assurance that any performance of AutoNation or its subsidiaries required under these leases would not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and cash flows.
At June 30, 2023, surety bonds, letters of credit, and cash deposits totaled $111.9 million, of which $0.7 million were letters of credit. In the ordinary course of business, we are required to post performance and surety bonds, letters of credit, and/or cash deposits as financial guarantees of our performance. We do not currently provide cash collateral for outstanding letters of credit.
In the ordinary course of business, we are subject to numerous laws and regulations, including automotive, environmental, health and safety, and other laws and regulations. We do not anticipate that the costs of compliance with such laws will have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition, although such outcome is possible given the nature of our operations and the extensive legal and regulatory framework applicable to our business. We do not have any material known environmental commitments or contingencies.

15.BUSINESS AND CREDIT CONCENTRATIONS
We own and operate franchised automotive stores in the United States pursuant to franchise agreements with vehicle manufacturers. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, approximately 63% of our total retail new vehicle unit sales was generated by our stores in Florida, Texas, and California. We are subject to a concentration of risk in the event of financial distress of or other adverse event related to a major vehicle manufacturer or related lender or supplier. The core brands of vehicles that we sell, representing approximately 89% of the new vehicles that we sold during the six months ended June 30, 2023, are manufactured by Toyota (including Lexus), Honda, Ford, General Motors, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Stellantis, and Volkswagen (including Audi and Porsche). Our business could be materially adversely impacted by a bankruptcy of or other adverse event related to a major vehicle manufacturer or related lender or supplier.
We had receivables from manufacturers or distributors of $197.9 million at June 30, 2023, and $174.4 million at December 31, 2022. Additionally, a large portion of our contracts-in-transit included in Receivables, net, in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, are due from automotive manufacturers’ captive finance subsidiaries, which provide financing directly to our new and used vehicle customers.

22

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to non-manufacturer trade receivables are limited due to the wide variety of customers and markets in which our products are sold as well as their dispersion across many different geographic areas in the United States. Consequently, at June 30, 2023, we do not consider AutoNation to have any significant non-manufacturer concentrations of credit risk.

16.SEGMENT INFORMATION
At June 30, 2023 and 2022, we had three reportable segments: (1) Domestic, (2) Import, and (3) Premium Luxury. Our Domestic segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured by Ford, General Motors, and Stellantis. Our Import segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured primarily by Toyota, Honda, Hyundai, Subaru, and Nissan. Our Premium Luxury segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured primarily by Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Lexus, Audi, and Jaguar Land Rover. The franchises in each segment also sell used vehicles, parts and automotive repair and maintenance services, and automotive finance and insurance products.
“Corporate and other” is comprised of our other businesses, including AutoNation USA used vehicle stores, collision centers, parts distribution centers, auction operations, and RepairSmith, our mobile automotive repair and maintenance business, all of which generate revenues but do not meet the quantitative thresholds for reportable segments, as well as the results of our auto finance company, unallocated corporate overhead expenses, and other income items.
The reportable segments identified above are the business activities of the Company for which discrete financial information is available and for which operating results are regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker to allocate resources and assess performance. Our chief operating decision maker is our Chief Executive Officer.

23

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)
The following table provides information on revenues from external customers and segment income of our reportable segments:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, 2023 June 30, 2023
  Domestic Import Premium Luxury Domestic Import Premium Luxury
Revenues from external customers $ 1,955.5  $ 1,997.7  $ 2,620.5  $ 3,786.6  $ 3,787.0  $ 5,105.4 
Segment income (1)
$ 115.8  $ 173.0  $ 221.5  $ 234.3  $ 333.4  $ 448.3 
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, 2022 June 30, 2022
  Domestic Import Premium Luxury Domestic Import Premium Luxury
Revenues from external customers $ 2,040.9  $ 1,949.7  $ 2,616.6  $ 4,075.3  $ 3,923.8  $ 5,095.3 
Segment income (1)
$ 153.1  $ 192.5  $ 257.5  $ 302.5  $ 378.7  $ 487.0 
(1) Segment income represents income for each of our reportable segments and is defined as operating income less floorplan interest expense.
The following is a reconciliation of total segment income for reportable segments to our consolidated income from continuing operations before income taxes:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
  2023 2022 2023 2022
Total segment income for reportable segments $ 510.3  $ 603.1  $ 1,016.0  $ 1,168.2 
Corporate and other (103.9) (50.8) (193.4) (102.1)
Other interest expense (46.0) (34.1) (87.1) (63.7)
Other income (loss), net 4.4  (13.7) 9.6  (20.1)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 364.8  $ 504.5  $ 745.1  $ 982.3 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included under Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, reference should be made to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto and related “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
AutoNation, Inc., through its subsidiaries, is one of the largest automotive retailers in the United States. As of June 30, 2023, we owned and operated 353 new vehicle franchises from 253 stores located in the United States, predominantly in major metropolitan markets in the Sunbelt region. Our stores, which we believe include some of the most recognizable and well known in our key markets, sell 33 different new vehicle brands. The core brands of new vehicles that we sell, representing approximately 89% of the new vehicles that we sold during the six months ended June 30, 2023, are manufactured by Toyota (including Lexus), Honda, Ford, General Motors, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Stellantis, and Volkswagen (including Audi and Porsche). As of June 30, 2023, we also owned and operated 53 AutoNation-branded collision centers, 16 AutoNation USA used vehicle stores, 4 AutoNation-branded automotive auction operations, 3 parts distribution centers, an auto finance company, and a mobile automotive repair and maintenance business.
We offer a diversified range of automotive products and services, including new vehicles, used vehicles, “parts and service” (also referred to as “After-Sales”), which includes automotive repair and maintenance services as well as wholesale parts and collision businesses, and automotive “finance and insurance” products (also referred to as “Customer Financial Services”), which include vehicle service and other protection products, as well as the arranging of financing for vehicle purchases through third-party finance sources. We also offer indirect financing on certain vehicles we sell, as well as on installment contracts acquired by our captive finance company through third-party independent dealers. We believe that the significant scale of our operations and the quality of our managerial talent allow us to achieve efficiencies in our key markets by, among other things, leveraging the AutoNation retail brand and advertising, implementing standardized processes, and increasing productivity across all of our stores.
At June 30, 2023, we had three reportable segments: (1) Domestic, (2) Import, and (3) Premium Luxury. Our Domestic segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured by Ford, General Motors, and Stellantis. Our Import segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured primarily by Toyota, Honda, Hyundai, Subaru, and Nissan. Our Premium Luxury segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured primarily by Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Lexus, Audi, and Jaguar Land Rover. The franchises in each segment also sell used vehicles, parts and automotive repair and maintenance services, and automotive finance and insurance products.
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, new vehicle sales accounted for 47% of our total revenue and 22% of our total gross profit. Used vehicle sales accounted for 31% of our total revenue and 11% of our total gross profit. Our parts and service operations, while comprising 17% of our total revenue, contributed 40% of our total gross profit. Our finance and insurance sales, while comprising 5% of our total revenue, contributed 27% of our total gross profit.
Market Conditions
In the second quarter of 2023, U.S. industry retail new vehicle unit sales increased approximately 10% as compared to the second quarter of 2022. Although new vehicle inventory levels for certain manufacturers and models improved during the second quarter of 2023, there continues to be a shortage of available new vehicles for sale as compared to historical inventory levels for certain manufacturers and models, driven largely by disruptions in the manufacturers’ supply chains. The decline in new vehicle unit volume in recent years has adversely impacted the availability of nearly new vehicle inventory, which has had an adverse impact on our used vehicle sales volume. Additionally, worsening economic conditions, including rising interest rates, could adversely impact consumer demand for vehicles.
Results of Operations
During the three months ended June 30, 2023, we had net income of $272.5 million and diluted earnings per share of $6.02, as compared to net income of $376.3 million and diluted earnings per share of $6.48 during the same period in 2022.
Our total gross profit decreased 1.9% during the second quarter of 2023 compared to the second quarter of 2022, driven by decreases in new vehicle gross profit of 18.6% and used vehicle gross profit of 14.2%, each as compared to the second quarter of 2022.

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New vehicle gross profit was adversely impacted by a decrease in gross profit per vehicle retailed (“PVR”) resulting from improving supply of new vehicle inventory. Used vehicle gross profit was adversely impacted primarily by a decrease in used vehicle unit volume due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory. The decreases in gross profit were partially offset by an increase in parts and service gross profit of 12.6%, as compared to the second quarter of 2022. Parts and service results benefited primarily from increases in gross profit from customer-pay service, warranty service, and the preparation of vehicles for sale.
SG&A expenses increased largely due to acquisitions and newly opened stores and expenditures associated with investments in technology and strategic initiatives. Floorplan interest expense increased due to higher average interest rates and higher average floorplan balances. Other interest expense increased due to higher average interest rates and higher average debt balances.
Net income during the three months ended June 30, 2023, was adversely impacted by an after-tax loss of $12.4 million from hailstorms and other natural catastrophes.
Inventory Management
Our new and used vehicle inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value in our consolidated balance sheets. We monitor our vehicle inventory levels based on current economic conditions and seasonal sales trends. Our new vehicle inventory units at June 30, 2023 and 2022, were 23,659 and 10,782, respectively. While our new vehicle inventory units have increased compared to the prior year, by historical standards, our inventory unit levels are significantly lower driven largely by disruptions in the manufacturers’ supply chains. Inadequate levels of new vehicle availability could adversely affect our financial results.
We have typically not experienced significant losses on the sale of new vehicle inventory, in part due to incentives provided by manufacturers to promote sales of new vehicles and our inventory management practices. We monitor our new vehicle inventory values as compared to net realizable values, and had no new vehicle inventory write-downs at June 30, 2023, or at December 31, 2022.
We recondition the majority of used vehicles acquired for retail sale in our parts and service departments and capitalize the related costs to the used vehicle inventory. We monitor our used vehicle inventory values as compared to net realizable values. Typically, used vehicles that are not sold on a retail basis are sold at wholesale auctions. Our used vehicle inventory balance was net of cumulative write-downs of $7.0 million at June 30, 2023, and $7.4 million at December 31, 2022.
Parts, accessories, and other inventory are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We estimate the amount of potentially damaged and/or excess and obsolete inventory based upon historical experience, manufacturer return policies, and industry trends. Our parts, accessories, and other inventory balance was net of cumulative write-downs of $7.5 million at June 30, 2023, and $7.4 million at December 31, 2022.
Critical Accounting Estimates
We prepare our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), which require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis, and we base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable. Actual outcomes could differ materially from those estimates in a manner that could have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. For additional discussion of our critical accounting estimates, please see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Goodwill
Goodwill for our reporting units is tested for impairment annually as of April 30 or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a reporting unit more likely than not exceeds its fair value. We may first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit is impaired. When assessing goodwill for impairment, our decision to perform a qualitative assessment for an individual reporting unit is influenced by a number of factors, including the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill, the significance of the excess of the reporting unit’s estimated fair value over carrying value at the last quantitative assessment date, the amount of time in between quantitative fair value assessments, macroeconomic conditions, automotive industry and market conditions, and our operating performance.

26

Under accounting standards, we chose to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment for our annual impairment testing as of April 30, 2023, and we determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were less than their carrying amounts.
As of June 30, 2023, we have $237.2 million of goodwill related to the Domestic reporting unit, $528.9 million related to the Import reporting unit, $482.1 million related to the Premium Luxury reporting unit, $129.5 million related to the Mobile Service reporting unit, $78.4 million related to the AutoNation Finance reporting unit, and $4.6 million related to the Collision Centers reporting unit.
Other Intangible Assets
Our principal identifiable intangible assets are individual store rights under franchise agreements with vehicle manufacturers, which have indefinite lives and are tested for impairment annually as of April 30 or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. We may first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that a franchise right asset is impaired. The quantitative impairment test for franchise rights requires the comparison of the franchise rights’ estimated fair value to carrying value by store. Fair values of rights under franchise agreements are estimated using unobservable (Level 3) inputs by discounting expected future cash flows of the store. The forecasted cash flows contain inherent uncertainties, including significant estimates and assumptions related to growth rates, margins, working capital requirements, capital expenditures, and cost of capital, for which we utilize certain market participant-based assumptions, using third-party industry projections, economic projections, and other marketplace data we believe to be reasonable.
We elected to perform quantitative tests for our annual franchise rights impairment testing as of April 30, 2023, and no impairment charges resulted from these quantitative tests.
If the fair value of each of our franchise rights had been determined to be a hypothetical 10% lower as of the valuation date of April 30, 2023, the resulting impairment charge would have been less than $0.5 million. The effect of a hypothetical 10% decrease in fair value estimates is not intended to provide a sensitivity analysis of every potential outcome.




27

Reported Operating Data
Historical operating results include the results of acquired businesses from the date of acquisition.
($ in millions, except per vehicle data) Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Revenue:
New vehicle $ 3,281.0  $ 2,935.8  $ 345.2  11.8  $ 6,212.9  $ 5,743.0  $ 469.9  8.2 
Retail used vehicle 1,949.2  2,362.2  (413.0) (17.5) 3,833.3  4,754.4  (921.1) (19.4)
Wholesale 138.8  158.2  (19.4) (12.3) 287.3  338.4  (51.1) (15.1)
Used vehicle 2,088.0  2,520.4  (432.4) (17.2) 4,120.6  5,092.8  (972.2) (19.1)
Finance and insurance, net 369.5  367.6  1.9  0.5  701.9  731.5  (29.6) (4.0)
Total variable operations(1)
5,738.5  5,823.8  (85.3) (1.5) 11,035.4  11,567.3  (531.9) (4.6)
Parts and service 1,145.3  1,036.3  109.0  10.5  2,235.1  2,040.2  194.9  9.6 
Other 6.3  9.1  (2.8) 18.3  14.5  3.8 
Total revenue $ 6,890.1  $ 6,869.2  $ 20.9  0.3  $ 13,288.8  $ 13,622.0  $ (333.2) (2.4)
Gross profit:
New vehicle $ 287.7  $ 353.5  $ (65.8) (18.6) $ 574.6  $ 698.5  $ (123.9) (17.7)
Retail used vehicle 128.7  147.6  (18.9) (12.8) 271.7  272.5  (0.8) (0.3)
Wholesale 5.6  8.9  (3.3) 17.0  20.6  (3.6)
Used vehicle 134.3  156.5  (22.2) (14.2) 288.7  293.1  (4.4) (1.5)
Finance and insurance 369.5  367.6  1.9  0.5  701.9  731.5  (29.6) (4.0)
Total variable operations(1)
791.5  877.6  (86.1) (9.8) 1,565.2  1,723.1  (157.9) (9.2)
Parts and service 542.5  481.7  60.8  12.6  1,053.6  942.8  110.8  11.8 
Other 1.3  2.4  (1.1) 2.9  4.7  (1.8)
Total gross profit 1,335.3  1,361.7  (26.4) (1.9) 2,621.7  2,670.6  (48.9) (1.8)
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 842.9  754.8  (88.1) (11.7) 1,625.6  1,496.2  (129.4) (8.6)
Depreciation and amortization 54.6  48.8  (5.8) 107.4  98.8  (8.6)
Other (income) expense, net (1.4) —  1.4  6.2  (1.5) (7.7)
Operating income 439.2  558.1  (118.9) (21.3) 882.5  1,077.1  (194.6) (18.1)
Non-operating income (expense) items:
Floorplan interest expense (32.8) (5.8) (27.0) (59.9) (11.0) (48.9)
Other interest expense (46.0) (34.1) (11.9) (87.1) (63.7) (23.4)
Other income (loss), net 4.4  (13.7) 18.1  9.6  (20.1) 29.7 
Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 364.8  $ 504.5  $ (139.7) (27.7) $ 745.1  $ 982.3  $ (237.2) (24.1)
Retail vehicle unit sales:
New vehicle 62,444  57,890  4,554  7.9  117,509  114,332  3,177  2.8 
Used vehicle 68,812  77,080  (8,268) (10.7) 136,351  156,843  (20,492) (13.1)
131,256  134,970  (3,714) (2.8) 253,860  271,175  (17,315) (6.4)
Revenue per vehicle retailed:
New vehicle $ 52,543  $ 50,713  $ 1,830  3.6  $ 52,872  $ 50,231  $ 2,641  5.3 
Used vehicle $ 28,326  $ 30,646  $ (2,320) (7.6) $ 28,113  $ 30,313  $ (2,200) (7.3)
Gross profit per vehicle retailed:
New vehicle $ 4,607  $ 6,106  $ (1,499) (24.5) $ 4,890  $ 6,109  $ (1,219) (20.0)
Used vehicle $ 1,870  $ 1,915  $ (45) (2.3) $ 1,993  $ 1,737  $ 256  14.7 
Finance and insurance $ 2,815  $ 2,724  $ 91  3.3  $ 2,765  $ 2,698  $ 67  2.5 
Total variable operations(2)
$ 5,988  $ 6,436  $ (448) (7.0) $ 6,099  $ 6,278  $ (179) (2.9)
(1) Total variable operations includes new vehicle, used vehicle (retail and wholesale), and finance and insurance results.
(2) Total variable operations gross profit per vehicle retailed is calculated by dividing the sum of new vehicle, retail used vehicle, and finance and insurance gross profit by total retail vehicle unit sales.

28

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
  2023 (%) 2022 (%) 2023 (%) 2022 (%)
Revenue mix percentages:
New vehicle 47.6  42.7  46.8  42.2 
Used vehicle 30.3  36.7  31.0  37.4 
Parts and service 16.6  15.1  16.8  15.0 
Finance and insurance, net 5.4  5.4  5.3  5.4 
Other 0.1  0.1  0.1  — 
Total 100.0  100.0  100.0  100.0 
Gross profit mix percentages:
New vehicle 21.5  26.0  21.9  26.2 
Used vehicle 10.1  11.5  11.0  11.0 
Parts and service 40.6  35.4  40.2  35.3 
Finance and insurance 27.7  27.0  26.8  27.4 
Other 0.1  0.1  0.1  0.1 
Total 100.0  100.0  100.0  100.0 
Operating items as a percentage of revenue:
Gross profit:
New vehicle 8.8  12.0  9.2  12.2 
Used vehicle - retail 6.6  6.2  7.1  5.7 
Parts and service 47.4  46.5  47.1  46.2 
Total 19.4  19.8  19.7  19.6 
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 12.2  11.0  12.2  11.0 
Operating income 6.4  8.1  6.6  7.9 
Other operating items as a percentage of total gross profit:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 63.1  55.4  62.0  56.0 
Operating income 32.9  41.0  33.7  40.3 
June 30,
2023 2022
Inventory days supply:
New vehicle (industry standard of selling days) 26 days 11 days
Used vehicle (trailing calendar month days) 35 days 40 days


29

Same Store Operating Data
We have presented below our operating results on a same store basis to reflect our internal performance. The “Same Store” amounts presented below include the results of our stores for the identical months in each period presented in the comparison, commencing with the first full month in which the store was owned by us. Results from divested stores are excluded from both current and prior periods. Therefore, the amounts presented in the 2022 columns may differ from the same store amounts presented for 2022 in the prior year. We believe the presentation of this information provides a meaningful comparison of period-over-period results of our operations.
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions, except per vehicle data) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Revenue:
New vehicle $ 3,245.8  $ 2,923.1  $ 322.7  11.0  $ 6,155.6  $ 5,715.2  $ 440.4  7.7 
Retail used vehicle 1,897.9  2,350.1  (452.2) (19.2) 3,730.2  4,728.2  (998.0) (21.1)
Wholesale 135.9  157.1  (21.2) (13.5) 282.2  336.6  (54.4) (16.2)
Used vehicle 2,033.8  2,507.2  (473.4) (18.9) 4,012.4  5,064.8  (1,052.4) (20.8)
Finance and insurance, net 362.8  366.2  (3.4) (0.9) 689.2  728.4  (39.2) (5.4)
Total variable operations(1)
5,642.4  5,796.5  (154.1) (2.7) 10,857.2  11,508.4  (651.2) (5.7)
Parts and service 1,122.4  1,028.7  93.7  9.1  2,194.2  2,025.1  169.1  8.4 
Other 6.4  9.1  (2.7) 18.3  14.5  3.8 
Total revenue $ 6,771.2  $ 6,834.3  $ (63.1) (0.9) $ 13,069.7  $ 13,548.0  $ (478.3) (3.5)
Gross profit:
New vehicle $ 284.7  $ 352.0  $ (67.3) (19.1) $ 569.5  $ 695.5  $ (126.0) (18.1)
Retail used vehicle 125.7  147.3  (21.6) (14.7) 264.7  271.6  (6.9) (2.5)
Wholesale 5.7  8.9  (3.2) 17.2  20.7  (3.5)
Used vehicle 131.4  156.2  (24.8) (15.9) 281.9  292.3  (10.4) (3.6)
Finance and insurance 362.8  366.2  (3.4) (0.9) 689.2  728.4  (39.2) (5.4)
Total variable operations(1)
778.9  874.4  (95.5) (10.9) 1,540.6  1,716.2  (175.6) (10.2)
Parts and service 532.3  477.3  55.0  11.5  1,034.6  933.8  100.8  10.8 
Other 1.6  2.3  (0.7) 2.9  4.6  (1.7)
Total gross profit $ 1,312.8  $ 1,354.0  $ (41.2) (3.0) $ 2,578.1  $ 2,654.6  $ (76.5) (2.9)
Retail vehicle unit sales:
New vehicle 61,750  57,703  4,047  7.0  116,404  113,927  2,477  2.2 
Used vehicle 66,731  76,757  (10,026) (13.1) 132,205  156,132  (23,927) (15.3)
128,481  134,460  (5,979) (4.4) 248,609  270,059  (21,450) (7.9)
Revenue per vehicle retailed:
New vehicle $ 52,564  $ 50,658  $ 1,906  3.8  $ 52,881  $ 50,165  $ 2,716  5.4 
Used vehicle $ 28,441  $ 30,617  $ (2,176) (7.1) $ 28,215  $ 30,283  $ (2,068) (6.8)
Gross profit per vehicle retailed:
New vehicle $ 4,611  $ 6,100  $ (1,489) (24.4) $ 4,892  $ 6,105  $ (1,213) (19.9)
Used vehicle $ 1,884  $ 1,919  $ (35) (1.8) $ 2,002  $ 1,740  $ 262  15.1 
Finance and insurance $ 2,824  $ 2,723  $ 101  3.7  $ 2,772  $ 2,697  $ 75  2.8 
Total variable operations(2)
$ 6,018  $ 6,437  $ (419) (6.5) $ 6,128  $ 6,278  $ (150) (2.4)
(1) Total variable operations includes new vehicle, used vehicle (retail and wholesale), and finance and insurance results.
(2) Total variable operations gross profit per vehicle retailed is calculated by dividing the sum of new vehicle, retail used vehicle, and finance and insurance gross profit by total retail vehicle unit sales.

30

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
  2023 (%) 2022 (%) 2023 (%) 2022 (%)
Revenue mix percentages:
New vehicle 47.9  42.8  47.1  42.2 
Used vehicle 30.0  36.7  30.7  37.4 
Parts and service 16.6  15.1  16.8  14.9 
Finance and insurance, net 5.4  5.4  5.3  5.4 
Other 0.1  —  0.1  0.1 
Total 100.0  100.0  100.0  100.0 
Gross profit mix percentages:
New vehicle 21.7  26.0  22.1  26.2 
Used vehicle 10.0  11.5  10.9  11.0 
Parts and service 40.5  35.3  40.1  35.2 
Finance and insurance 27.6  27.0  26.7  27.4 
Other 0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2 
Total 100.0  100.0  100.0  100.0 
Operating items as a percentage of revenue:
Gross profit:
New vehicle 8.8  12.0  9.3  12.2 
Used vehicle - retail 6.6  6.3  7.1  5.7 
Parts and service 47.4  46.4  47.2  46.1 
Total 19.4  19.8  19.7  19.6 


31

New Vehicle
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions, except per vehicle data) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Reported:
Revenue $ 3,281.0  $ 2,935.8  $ 345.2  11.8  $ 6,212.9  $ 5,743.0  $ 469.9  8.2 
Gross profit $ 287.7  $ 353.5  $ (65.8) (18.6) $ 574.6  $ 698.5  $ (123.9) (17.7)
Retail vehicle unit sales 62,444  57,890  4,554  7.9  117,509  114,332  3,177  2.8 
Revenue per vehicle retailed $ 52,543  $ 50,713  $ 1,830  3.6  $ 52,872  $ 50,231  $ 2,641  5.3 
Gross profit per vehicle retailed $ 4,607  $ 6,106  $ (1,499) (24.5) $ 4,890  $ 6,109  $ (1,219) (20.0)
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue 8.8% 12.0% 9.2% 12.2%
Inventory days supply (industry standard of selling days) 26 days 11 days
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Same Store:
Revenue $ 3,245.8  $ 2,923.1  $ 322.7  11.0  $ 6,155.6  $ 5,715.2  $ 440.4  7.7 
Gross profit $ 284.7  $ 352.0  $ (67.3) (19.1) $ 569.5  $ 695.5  $ (126.0) (18.1)
Retail vehicle unit sales 61,750  57,703  4,047  7.0  116,404  113,927  2,477  2.2 
Revenue per vehicle retailed $ 52,564  $ 50,658  $ 1,906  3.8  $ 52,881  $ 50,165  $ 2,716  5.4 
Gross profit per vehicle retailed $ 4,611  $ 6,100  $ (1,489) (24.4) $ 4,892  $ 6,105  $ (1,213) (19.9)
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue 8.8% 12.0% 9.3% 12.2%
The following discussion of new vehicle results is on a same store basis. The difference between reported amounts and same store amounts in the above tables of $35.2 million and $12.7 million in new vehicle revenue and $3.0 million and $1.5 million in new vehicle gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $57.3 million and $27.8 million in new vehicle revenue and $5.1 million and $3.0 million in new vehicle gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is related to acquisition and divestiture activity.
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Same store new vehicle revenue increased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, due to an increase in same store unit volume and same store revenue PVR. Same store unit volume benefited from increasing supply of new vehicle inventory, particularly for Import manufacturers.
Same store revenue PVR increased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices, partially offset by a shift in mix to Import vehicles, which have relatively lower average selling prices.
Same store gross profit PVR decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increasing supply of new vehicle inventory.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Same store new vehicle revenue increased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, due to an increase in same store revenue PVR and an increase in same store unit volume. Same store unit volume benefited from increasing supply of new vehicle inventory.
Same store revenue PVR increased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices.
Same store gross profit PVR decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increasing supply of new vehicle inventory.

32

New Vehicle Inventory Carrying Benefit
The following table details net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit, consisting of new vehicle floorplan interest expense, net of floorplan assistance earned (amounts received from manufacturers specifically to support store financing of new vehicle inventory). Floorplan assistance is accounted for as a component of new vehicle gross profit in accordance with GAAP.
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance 2023 2022 Variance
Floorplan assistance $ 32.4  $ 27.3  $ 5.1  $ 60.7  $ 54.8  $ 5.9 
New vehicle floorplan interest expense (29.6) (5.1) (24.5) (54.0) (8.8) (45.2)
Net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit $ 2.8  $ 22.2  $ (19.4) $ 6.7  $ 46.0  $ (39.3)
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
The net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to an increase in floorplan interest expense, partially offset by an increase in floorplan assistance. Floorplan interest expense increased due to higher average interest rates and higher average floorplan balances. Floorplan interest rates are variable and, therefore, increase and decrease with changes in the underlying benchmark interest rates. Floorplan assistance increased due to an increase in the average floorplan assistance rate per unit and an increase in unit volume.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
The net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to an increase in floorplan interest expense, partially offset by an increase in floorplan assistance. Floorplan interest expense increased due to higher average interest rates and higher average floorplan balances. Floorplan assistance increased due to an increase in the average floorplan assistance rate per unit and an increase in unit volume.

33

Used Vehicle
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions, except per vehicle data) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Reported:
Retail revenue $ 1,949.2  $ 2,362.2  $ (413.0) (17.5) $ 3,833.3  $ 4,754.4  $ (921.1) (19.4)
Wholesale revenue 138.8  158.2  (19.4) (12.3) 287.3  338.4  (51.1) (15.1)
Total revenue $ 2,088.0  $ 2,520.4  $ (432.4) (17.2) $ 4,120.6  $ 5,092.8  $ (972.2) (19.1)
Retail gross profit $ 128.7  $ 147.6  $ (18.9) (12.8) $ 271.7  $ 272.5  $ (0.8) (0.3)
Wholesale gross profit 5.6  8.9  (3.3) 17.0  20.6  (3.6)
Total gross profit $ 134.3  $ 156.5  $ (22.2) (14.2) $ 288.7  $ 293.1  $ (4.4) (1.5)
Retail vehicle unit sales 68,812  77,080  (8,268) (10.7) 136,351  156,843  (20,492) (13.1)
Revenue per vehicle retailed $ 28,326  $ 30,646  $ (2,320) (7.6) $ 28,113  $ 30,313  $ (2,200) (7.3)
Gross profit per vehicle retailed $ 1,870  $ 1,915  $ (45) (2.3) $ 1,993  $ 1,737  $ 256  14.7 
Retail gross profit as a percentage of retail revenue 6.6% 6.2% 7.1% 5.7%
Inventory days supply (trailing calendar month days) 35 days 40 days
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Same Store:
Retail revenue $ 1,897.9  $ 2,350.1  $ (452.2) (19.2) $ 3,730.2  $ 4,728.2  $ (998.0) (21.1)
Wholesale revenue 135.9  157.1  (21.2) (13.5) 282.2  336.6  (54.4) (16.2)
Total revenue $ 2,033.8  $ 2,507.2  $ (473.4) (18.9) $ 4,012.4  $ 5,064.8  $ (1,052.4) (20.8)
Retail gross profit $ 125.7  $ 147.3  $ (21.6) (14.7) $ 264.7  $ 271.6  $ (6.9) (2.5)
Wholesale gross profit 5.7  8.9  (3.2) 17.2  20.7  (3.5)
Total gross profit $ 131.4  $ 156.2  $ (24.8) (15.9) $ 281.9  $ 292.3  $ (10.4) (3.6)
Retail vehicle unit sales 66,731  76,757  (10,026) (13.1) 132,205  156,132  (23,927) (15.3)
Revenue per vehicle retailed $ 28,441  $ 30,617  $ (2,176) (7.1) $ 28,215  $ 30,283  $ (2,068) (6.8)
Gross profit per vehicle retailed $ 1,884  $ 1,919  $ (35) (1.8) $ 2,002  $ 1,740  $ 262  15.1 
Retail gross profit as a percentage of retail revenue 6.6% 6.3% 7.1% 5.7%
The following discussion of used vehicle results is on a same store basis. The difference between reported amounts and same store amounts in the above tables of $54.2 million and $13.2 million in total used vehicle revenue and $2.9 million and $0.3 million in total used vehicle gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $108.2 million and $28.0 million in total used vehicle revenue and $6.8 million and $0.8 million in total used vehicle gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is related to acquisition and divestiture activity, as well as the opening of AutoNation USA stores.
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Same store retail used vehicle revenue decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, due to a decrease in same store unit volume and a decrease in same store revenue PVR. The decrease in same store unit volume, particularly for mid- to higher-priced used vehicles, is due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory.
Same store revenue PVR decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles.
Same store gross profit PVR for the three months ended June 30, 2023, was relatively flat as compared to the same period in 2022.

34

First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Same store retail used vehicle revenue decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, due to a decrease in same store unit volume and a decrease in same store revenue PVR. The decrease in same store unit volume, particularly for mid- to higher-priced used vehicles, is due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory.
Same store revenue PVR decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles.
Same store gross profit PVR increased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a disciplined sourcing and pricing strategy as we focused on efficient internal sourcing of our used vehicle inventory and balancing gross profit PVR and unit volume.

35

Parts and Service
   Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Reported:
Revenue $ 1,145.3  $ 1,036.3  $ 109.0  10.5  $ 2,235.1  $ 2,040.2  $ 194.9  9.6 
Gross Profit $ 542.5  $ 481.7  $ 60.8  12.6  $ 1,053.6  $ 942.8  $ 110.8  11.8 
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue 47.4% 46.5% 47.1% 46.2%
Same Store:
Revenue $ 1,122.4  $ 1,028.7  $ 93.7  9.1  $ 2,194.2  $ 2,025.1  $ 169.1  8.4 
Gross Profit $ 532.3  $ 477.3  $ 55.0  11.5  $ 1,034.6  $ 933.8  $ 100.8  10.8 
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue 47.4% 46.4% 47.2% 46.1%
Parts and service revenue is primarily derived from vehicle repairs paid directly by customers or via reimbursement from manufacturers and others under warranty programs, as well as from wholesale parts sales, collision services, and the preparation of vehicles for sale.
The following discussion of parts and service results is on a same store basis. The difference between reported amounts and same store amounts in the above tables of $22.9 million and $7.6 million in parts and service revenue and $10.2 million and $4.4 million in parts and service gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $40.9 million and $15.1 million in parts and service revenue and $19.0 million and $9.0 million in parts and service gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is related to acquisition and divestiture activity, as well as the opening of AutoNation USA stores.
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
During the three months ended June 30, 2023, same store parts and service gross profit increased compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increases in gross profit associated with customer-pay service of $23.6 million, warranty service of $13.0 million, and the preparation of vehicles for sale of $11.6 million. Gross profit associated with customer-pay service benefited from higher value repair orders. Warranty service gross profit benefited from higher value repair orders and improved parts and labor rates. Gross profit associated with the preparation of vehicles for sale benefited from higher value repair orders and an increase in repair order volume.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, same store parts and service gross profit increased compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increases in gross profit associated with customer-pay service of $50.8 million and warranty service of $24.7 million. Gross profit associated with customer-pay service benefited from higher value repair orders. Warranty service gross profit benefited from higher value repair orders and improved parts and labor rates.

36

Finance and Insurance
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions, except per vehicle data) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Reported:
Revenue and gross profit $ 369.5  $ 367.6  $ 1.9  0.5  $ 701.9  $ 731.5  $ (29.6) (4.0)
Gross profit per vehicle retailed $ 2,815  $ 2,724  $ 91  3.3  $ 2,765  $ 2,698  $ 67  2.5 
Same Store:
Revenue and gross profit $ 362.8  $ 366.2  $ (3.4) (0.9) $ 689.2  $ 728.4  $ (39.2) (5.4)
Gross profit per vehicle retailed $ 2,824  $ 2,723  $ 101  3.7  $ 2,772  $ 2,697  $ 75  2.8 
Revenue on finance and insurance products represents commissions earned by us for the placement of: (i) loans and leases with financial institutions in connection with customer vehicle purchases financed, (ii) vehicle service contracts with third-party providers, and (iii) other vehicle protection products with third-party providers. We sell these products on a commission basis, and we also participate in the future underwriting profit on certain products pursuant to retrospective commission arrangements with the issuers of those products.
The following discussion of finance and insurance results is on a same store basis. The difference between reported amounts and same store amounts in finance and insurance revenue and gross profit in the above tables of $6.7 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $12.7 million and $3.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is related to acquisition and divestiture activity, as well as the opening of AutoNation USA stores.
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit was relatively flat during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, due to a decrease in used vehicle unit volume, largely offset by increases in new vehicle unit volume and finance and insurance gross profit PVR. The increase in finance and insurance gross profit PVR was primarily due to an increase in product penetration, partially offset by a decrease in gross profit associated with arranging customer financing.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, due to a decrease in used vehicle unit volume, partially offset by increases in new vehicle unit volume and finance and insurance gross profit PVR. The increase in finance and insurance gross profit PVR was primarily due to higher realized margins on vehicle protection products and an increase in product penetration, partially offset by a decrease in gross profit associated with arranging customer financing.

37

Segment Results
In the following table of financial data, revenue and segment income of our reportable segments are reconciled to consolidated revenue and consolidated operating income, respectively. The following discussions of segment results are on a reported basis.
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Revenue:
Domestic $ 1,955.5  $ 2,040.9  $ (85.4) (4.2) $ 3,786.6  $ 4,075.3  $ (288.7) (7.1)
Import 1,997.7  1,949.7  48.0  2.5  3,787.0  3,923.8  (136.8) (3.5)
Premium Luxury 2,620.5  2,616.6  3.9  0.1  5,105.4  5,095.3  10.1  0.2 
Total 6,573.7  6,607.2  (33.5) (0.5) 12,679.0  13,094.4  (415.4) (3.2)
Corporate and other 316.4  262.0  54.4  20.8  609.8  527.6  82.2  15.6 
Total consolidated revenue $ 6,890.1  $ 6,869.2  $ 20.9  0.3  $ 13,288.8  $ 13,622.0  $ (333.2) (2.4)
Segment income(1):
Domestic $ 115.8  $ 153.1  $ (37.3) (24.4) $ 234.3  $ 302.5  $ (68.2) (22.5)
Import 173.0  192.5  (19.5) (10.1) 333.4  378.7  (45.3) (12.0)
Premium Luxury 221.5  257.5  (36.0) (14.0) 448.3  487.0  (38.7) (7.9)
Total 510.3  603.1  (92.8) (15.4) 1,016.0  1,168.2  (152.2) (13.0)
Corporate and other (103.9) (50.8) (53.1) (193.4) (102.1) (91.3)
Floorplan interest expense 32.8  5.8  (27.0) 59.9  11.0  (48.9)
Operating income $ 439.2  $ 558.1  $ (118.9) (21.3) $ 882.5  $ 1,077.1  $ (194.6) (18.1)
Retail new vehicle unit sales:
Domestic 17,495  16,760  735  4.4  33,344  33,125  219  0.7 
Import 27,172  23,612  3,560  15.1  50,270  48,148  2,122  4.4 
Premium Luxury 17,777  17,518  259  1.5  33,895  33,059  836  2.5 
62,444  57,890  4,554  7.9  117,509  114,332  3,177  2.8 
Retail used vehicle unit sales:
Domestic 21,305  25,180  (3,875) (15.4) 42,508  51,776  (9,268) (17.9)
Import 22,630  25,786  (3,156) (12.2) 44,693  52,315  (7,622) (14.6)
Premium Luxury 18,931  21,381  (2,450) (11.5) 37,699  43,330  (5,631) (13.0)
62,866  72,347  (9,481) (13.1) 124,900  147,421  (22,521) (15.3)
(1) Segment income represents income for each of our reportable segments and is defined as operating income less floorplan interest expense.





38

Domestic
The Domestic segment operating results included the following: 
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Revenue:
New vehicle $ 923.0  $ 858.1  $ 64.9  7.6  $ 1,751.0  $ 1,680.6  $ 70.4  4.2 
Used vehicle 619.0  786.8  (167.8) (21.3) 1,231.3  1,609.9  (378.6) (23.5)
Parts and service 298.7  275.5  23.2  8.4  586.3  544.2  42.1  7.7 
Finance and insurance, net 114.3  119.4  (5.1) (4.3) 216.6  238.6  (22.0) (9.2)
Other 0.5  1.1  (0.6) 1.4  2.0  (0.6)
Total Revenue $ 1,955.5  $ 2,040.9  $ (85.4) (4.2) $ 3,786.6  $ 4,075.3  $ (288.7) (7.1)
Segment income $ 115.8  $ 153.1  $ (37.3) (24.4) $ 234.3  $ 302.5  $ (68.2) (22.5)
Retail new vehicle unit sales 17,495  16,760  735  4.4  33,344  33,125  219  0.7 
Retail used vehicle unit sales 21,305  25,180  (3,875) (15.4) 42,508  51,776  (9,268) (17.9)
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Domestic revenue decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to decreases in used vehicle unit volume and used vehicle revenue PVR. The decrease in used vehicle unit volume is due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory. The decrease in used vehicle revenue PVR is primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles. Decreases in Domestic revenue were partially offset by an increase in new vehicle unit volume due to increasing supply of new vehicle inventory and an increase in new vehicle revenue PVR due to increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices, as well as increases in parts and service revenue associated with customer-pay and warranty service. Domestic revenue also benefited from the acquisitions we completed in 2022 and 2023.
Domestic segment income decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a decrease in new vehicle gross profit, which was adversely impacted by increasing supply of new vehicle inventory, and an increase in floorplan interest expense.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Domestic revenue decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to decreases in used vehicle unit volume and used vehicle revenue PVR. The decrease in used vehicle unit volume is due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory. The decrease in used vehicle revenue PVR is primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles. Decreases in Domestic revenue were partially offset by an increase in new vehicle revenue PVR due to increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices. Additionally, Domestic revenue benefited from the acquisitions we completed in 2022 and 2023.
Domestic segment income decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to decreases in new vehicle gross profit and finance and insurance gross profit. New vehicle gross profit was adversely impacted by increasing supply of new vehicle inventory. Finance and insurance gross profit was adversely impacted by the decrease in vehicle unit volume. Domestic segment income was also adversely impacted by an increase in floorplan interest expense. Decreases in segment income were partially offset by increases in parts and service gross profit associated with customer-pay service and warranty service.

39

Import
The Import segment operating results included the following: 
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Revenue:
New vehicle $ 1,011.2  $ 852.4  $ 158.8  18.6  $ 1,867.6  $ 1,734.0  $ 133.6  7.7 
Used vehicle 563.2  699.6  (136.4) (19.5) 1,105.3  1,407.2  (301.9) (21.5)
Parts and service 291.3  266.3  25.0  9.4  559.7  521.8  37.9  7.3 
Finance and insurance, net 128.0  125.7  2.3  1.8  240.4  252.1  (11.7) (4.6)
Other 4.0  5.7  (1.7) 14.0  8.7  5.3 
Total Revenue $ 1,997.7  $ 1,949.7  $ 48.0  2.5  $ 3,787.0  $ 3,923.8  $ (136.8) (3.5)
Segment income $ 173.0  $ 192.5  $ (19.5) (10.1) $ 333.4  $ 378.7  $ (45.3) (12.0)
Retail new vehicle unit sales 27,172  23,612  3,560  15.1  50,270  48,148  2,122  4.4 
Retail used vehicle unit sales 22,630  25,786  (3,156) (12.2) 44,693  52,315  (7,622) (14.6)
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Import revenue increased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to the acquisitions we completed in 2022 and 2023, as well as increases in new vehicle unit volume and new vehicle revenue PVR. New vehicle unit volume benefited from increasing supply of new vehicle inventory. New vehicle revenue PVR increased primarily due to increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices. Import revenue also benefited from increases in parts and service revenue associated with customer-pay service and the preparation of vehicles for sale. Increases in Import revenue were partially offset by a decrease in used vehicle unit volume, due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory, and a decrease in used vehicle revenue PVR, primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles.
Import segment income decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to decreases in new vehicle gross profit and used vehicle gross profit and an increase in SG&A expenses. New vehicle gross profit was adversely impacted by increasing supply of new vehicle inventory. Used vehicle gross profit decreased primarily due to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory. Decreases in Import segment income were partially offset by increases in parts and service gross profit associated with customer-pay service and the preparation of vehicles for sale.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Import revenue decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to decreases in used vehicle unit volume, due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory, and used vehicle revenue PVR, primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles. Decreases in Import revenue were partially offset by increases in new vehicle revenue PVR, new vehicle unit volume, and parts and service revenue associated with customer-pay service and the preparation of vehicles for sale. New vehicle revenue PVR increased primarily due to increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices. New vehicle unit volume benefited from increasing supply of new vehicle inventory. Import revenue also benefited from the acquisitions we completed in 2022 and 2023.
Import segment income decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to decreases in new vehicle gross profit and finance and insurance gross profit. New vehicle gross profit was adversely impacted by increasing supply of new vehicle inventory. Finance and insurance gross profit was adversely impacted by the decrease in used vehicle unit volume. Import segment income was also adversely impacted by increases in SG&A and floorplan interest expenses. Decreases in segment income were partially offset by an increase in parts and service gross profit associated with customer-pay service and the preparation of vehicles for sale.

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Premium Luxury
The Premium Luxury segment operating results included the following: 
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Revenue:
New vehicle $ 1,346.8  $ 1,225.3  $ 121.5  9.9  $ 2,594.3  $ 2,328.4  $ 265.9  11.4 
Used vehicle 756.9  904.6  (147.7) (16.3) 1,502.7  1,820.7  (318.0) (17.5)
Parts and service 400.3  367.0  33.3  9.1  786.5  718.9  67.6  9.4 
Finance and insurance, net 115.8  118.4  (2.6) (2.2) 220.8  225.6  (4.8) (2.1)
Other 0.7  1.3  (0.6) 1.1  1.7  (0.6)
Total Revenue $ 2,620.5  $ 2,616.6  $ 3.9  0.1  $ 5,105.4  $ 5,095.3  $ 10.1  0.2 
Segment income $ 221.5  $ 257.5  $ (36.0) (14.0) $ 448.3  $ 487.0  $ (38.7) (7.9)
Retail new vehicle unit sales 17,777  17,518  259  1.5  33,895  33,059  836  2.5 
Retail used vehicle unit sales 18,931  21,381  (2,450) (11.5) 37,699  43,330  (5,631) (13.0)
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Premium Luxury revenue increased slightly during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increases in new vehicle revenue PVR, new vehicle unit volume, and parts and service revenue associated with customer-pay service and warranty service. New vehicle revenue PVR benefited from increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices, and new vehicle unit volume benefited from increasing supply of new vehicle inventory. Increases in Premium Luxury revenue were partially offset by a decrease in used vehicle unit volume, due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory, and a decrease in used vehicle revenue PVR, primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles.
Premium Luxury segment income decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a decrease in new vehicle gross profit, which was adversely impacted by increasing supply of new vehicle inventory, as well as increases in floorplan interest and SG&A expenses. Decreases in Premium Luxury segment income were partially offset by increases in parts and service gross profit associated with customer-pay service and warranty service.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Premium Luxury revenue increased slightly during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to increases in new vehicle revenue PVR, new vehicle unit volume, and parts and service revenue associated with customer-pay service and warranty service. New vehicle revenue PVR benefited from increases in manufacturers’ suggested retail prices, and new vehicle unit volume benefited from increasing supply of new vehicle inventory. Increases in Premium Luxury revenue were partially offset by a decrease in used vehicle unit volume, due in part to lower availability and levels of nearly new vehicle inventory, and a decrease in used vehicle revenue PVR, primarily due to a shift in mix towards lower-priced entry-level vehicles.
Premium Luxury segment income decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a decrease in new vehicle gross profit, which was adversely impacted by increasing supply of new vehicle inventory, as well as increases in floorplan interest and SG&A expenses. Decreases in Premium Luxury segment income were partially offset by increases in parts and service gross profit associated with customer-pay service and warranty service.

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Corporate and other
Corporate and other results included the following:
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Revenue:
Used vehicle $ 148.9  $ 129.4  $ 19.5  15.1  $ 281.3  $ 255.0  $ 26.3  10.3 
Parts and service 155.0  127.5  27.5  21.6  302.6  255.3  47.3  18.5 
Finance and insurance, net 11.4  4.1  7.3  178.0  24.1  15.2  8.9  58.6 
Other 1.1  1.0  0.1  1.8  2.1  (0.3)
Revenue $ 316.4  $ 262.0  $ 54.4  20.8  $ 609.8  $ 527.6  $ 82.2  15.6 
Income (loss) $ (103.9) $ (50.8) $ (53.1) $ (193.4) $ (102.1) $ (91.3)
“Corporate and other” is comprised of our other businesses, including AutoNation USA used vehicle stores, collision centers, parts distribution centers, auction operations, and RepairSmith, our mobile automotive repair and maintenance business, all of which generate revenues but do not meet the quantitative thresholds for reportable segments, as well as the results of our auto finance company, unallocated corporate overhead expenses, and other income items.
As of June 30, 2023, we had 53 AutoNation-branded collision centers, 16 AutoNation USA stores, 4 AutoNation-branded automotive auction operations, 3 parts distribution centers, a mobile automotive repair and maintenance business, and an auto finance company, referred to as AutoNation Finance.
AutoNation USA Stores
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we opened one AutoNation USA used vehicle store and currently have over 20 stores under development. These stores play an integral part of both our long-term growth plans and the achievement of scale, scope, and density in markets to better serve and meet the needs of customers. We are targeting to have over 130 stores throughout the country. A number of variables may impact the implementation of our expansion plans, including customer adoption, market conditions, availability of used vehicle inventory, availability and cost of building supplies and materials, and our ability to identify, acquire, and build out suitable locations in a timely manner.
RepairSmith
In the first quarter of 2023, we acquired RepairSmith, a mobile solution for automotive repair and maintenance services. Revenue and gross profit from this business are included within “parts and service.”
AutoNation Finance
AutoNation Finance, our captive auto finance company, provides financing to qualified retail customers on certain vehicles we sell, as well as on installment contracts acquired through third-party independent dealers. AutoNation Finance operating results include the interest and fee income generated by auto loans receivable less the interest expense associated with the debt issued to fund these receivables, a provision for estimated credit losses on the auto loans receivable originated or acquired, and direct expenses. AutoNation Finance results are included in Other (Income) Expense, Net in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. See Notes 5 and 8 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on auto loans receivable, the related allowance for credit losses, and the related debt of our auto finance company.



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Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
Our Selling, General, and Administrative (“SG&A”) expenses consist primarily of compensation, including store and corporate salaries, commissions, and incentive-based compensation, as well as advertising (net of reimbursement-based manufacturer advertising rebates), and store and corporate overhead expenses, which include occupancy costs, outside service costs, information technology expenses, service loaner and rental inventory expenses, legal, accounting, and professional services, and general corporate expenses. The following table presents the major components of our SG&A expenses.
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
2023 2022 Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)
%
Variance
Reported:
Compensation $ 548.7  $ 523.5  $ (25.2) (4.8) $ 1,071.0  $ 1,039.3  $ (31.7) (3.1)
Advertising 63.4  44.5  (18.9) (42.5) 114.1  84.4  (29.7) (35.2)
Store and corporate overhead 230.8  186.8  (44.0) (23.6) 440.5  372.5  (68.0) (18.3)
Total $ 842.9  $ 754.8  $ (88.1) (11.7) $ 1,625.6  $ 1,496.2  $ (129.4) (8.6)
SG&A as a % of total gross profit:
Compensation 41.1  38.4  (270) bps 40.9  38.9  (200) bps
Advertising 4.7  3.3  (140) bps 4.4  3.2  (120) bps
Store and corporate overhead 17.3  13.7  (360) bps 16.7  13.9  (280) bps
Total 63.1  55.4  (770) bps 62.0  56.0  (600) bps
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
SG&A expenses increased during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to acquisitions and newly opened stores, expenditures associated with investments in technology and strategic initiatives, an increase in deferred compensation obligations of $18.6 million as a result of changes in market performance of the underlying investments, and self-insurance losses of $16.5 million related to hailstorms and other natural catastrophes, partially offset by a decrease in performance-driven compensation expense. As a percentage of total gross profit, SG&A expenses increased to 63.1% during the three months ended June 30, 2023, from 55.4% in the same period in 2022, primarily due to gross margin pressure and an increase in SG&A expenses related to newly acquired and opened stores, investments in technology and strategic initiatives, an increase in deferred compensation obligations, and hail-related losses.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
SG&A expenses increased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to acquisitions and newly opened stores, expenditures associated with investments in technology and strategic initiatives, an increase in deferred compensation obligations of $30.0 million as a result of changes in market performance of the underlying investments, and self-insurance losses of $16.5 million related to hailstorms and other natural catastrophes. As a percentage of total gross profit, SG&A expenses increased to 62.0% during the six months ended June 30, 2023, from 56.0% in the same period in 2022, primarily due to gross margin pressure and an increase in SG&A expenses related to newly acquired and opened stores, investments in technology and strategic initiatives, an increase in deferred compensation obligations, and hail-related losses.
Other (Income) Expense, Net (Operating)
Other (Income) Expense, Net includes the gains or losses associated with business/property divestitures, legal settlements, and asset impairments, among other items, and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the results of our recently acquired auto finance company, including net interest margin, the provision for expected credit losses, and direct expenses. See “Segment Results - Corporate and other” above and Notes 5 and 8 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about our auto finance company.


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Non-Operating Income (Expense)
Floorplan Interest Expense
Floorplan interest rates are variable and, therefore, increase and decrease with changes in the underlying benchmark interest rates.
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Floorplan interest expense was $32.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $5.8 million for the same period in 2022. The increase in floorplan interest expense of $27.0 million was the result of higher average interest rates and higher average floorplan balances.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Floorplan interest expense was $59.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $11.0 million for the same period in 2022. The increase in floorplan interest expense of $48.9 million was the result of higher average interest rates and higher average floorplan balances.
Other Interest Expense
Second Quarter 2023 compared to Second Quarter 2022
Other interest expense was $46.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $34.1 million for the same period in 2022. The increase in interest expense of $11.9 million was driven by higher average interest rates and higher average debt balances.
First Six Months 2023 compared to First Six Months 2022
Other interest expense was $87.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $63.7 million for the same period in 2022. The increase in interest expense of $23.4 million was driven by higher average interest rates and higher average debt balances.
Other Income (Loss), Net
We recognized a net gain of $4.4 million and a net loss of $14.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and a net gain of $9.1 million and a net loss of $20.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, related to changes in the cash surrender value of corporate-owned life insurance (“COLI”) for deferred compensation plan participants as a result of changes in market performance of the underlying investments. Gains and losses related to the COLI are substantially offset by corresponding increases and decreases, respectively, in the deferred compensation obligations, which are reflected in SG&A expenses.
We recorded an unrealized loss of $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, and an unrealized loss of $1.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023, related to the change in fair value of the underlying securities of our minority equity investments. During the period that we hold our minority equity investments, unrealized gains and losses will be recorded as the fair market values of securities with readily determinable fair values change over time, or as observable price changes are identified for securities without readily determinable fair values. See Note 13 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.
Income Tax Provision
Income taxes are provided based upon our anticipated underlying annual blended federal and state income tax rates adjusted, as necessary, for any discrete tax matters occurring during the period. As we operate in various states, our effective tax rate is also dependent upon our geographic revenue mix.
Our effective income tax rate was 25.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2023, and 25.4% for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Our effective income tax rate was 24.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2023, and 24.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

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Discontinued Operations
Discontinued operations are related to stores that were sold or terminated prior to January 1, 2014. Results from discontinued operations, net of income taxes, were primarily related to a gain on the sale of real estate in the first quarter of 2023 associated with a store that was closed prior to January 1, 2014.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
We manage our liquidity to ensure access to sufficient funding at acceptable costs to fund our ongoing operating requirements and future capital expenditures while continuing to meet our financial obligations. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents, funds generated through operations, and amounts available under our revolving credit facility, commercial paper program, and secured used vehicle floorplan facilities will be sufficient to fund our working capital requirements, service our debt, pay our tax obligations and commitments and contingencies, and meet any seasonal operating requirements for the foreseeable future. Depending on market conditions, we may from time to time issue debt, including in private or public offerings, to augment our liquidity, to reduce our cost of capital, or for general corporate purposes.
Available Liquidity Resources
We had the following sources of liquidity available:
(In millions) June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Cash and cash equivalents $ 63.7  $ 72.6 
Revolving credit facility $ 1,799.3 
(1)
$ 1,799.6 
Secured used vehicle floorplan facilities (2)
$ 0.2  $ 0.3 
 (1)    At June 30, 2023, we had $0.7 million of letters of credit outstanding. In addition, we use the revolving credit facility under our credit agreement as a liquidity backstop for borrowings under our commercial paper program. We had $465.0 million of commercial paper notes outstanding at June 30, 2023. See Note 8 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.
(2)    Based on the eligible used vehicle inventory that could have been pledged as collateral. See Note 6 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.
In the ordinary course of business, we are required to post performance and surety bonds, letters of credit, and/or cash deposits as financial guarantees of our performance primarily relating to insurance matters. At June 30, 2023, surety bonds, letters of credit, and cash deposits totaled $111.9 million, of which $0.7 million were letters of credit. We do not currently provide cash collateral for outstanding letters of credit.
In February 2022, we filed an automatic shelf registration statement with the SEC that enables us to offer for sale, from time to time and as the capital markets permit, an unspecified amount of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, subscription rights, depositary shares, stock purchase contracts, and units.
On July 18, 2023, we amended and restated our unsecured credit agreement to, among other things, (1) increase the revolving credit facility commitment from $1.8 billion to $1.9 billion, (2) extend the maturity date to July 18, 2028, (3) allow for the maximum leverage ratio covenant to increase from 3.75x to 4.25x for four fiscal quarters in the event that we complete a material acquisition, and (4) replace the maximum capitalization ratio covenant with a minimum interest coverage ratio covenant.
Capital Allocation
Our capital allocation strategy is focused on growing long-term value per share. We invest capital in our business to maintain and upgrade our existing facilities and to build new facilities for existing franchises and new AutoNation USA used vehicle stores, as well as for other strategic and technology initiatives. We also deploy capital opportunistically to complete acquisitions or investments, build facilities for newly awarded franchises, and/or repurchase our common stock and/or debt. Our capital allocation decisions are based on factors such as the expected rate of return on our investment, the market price of our common stock versus our view of its intrinsic value, the market price of our debt, the potential impact on our capital structure, our ability to complete acquisitions that meet our market and vehicle brand criteria and/or return on investment threshold, and limitations set forth in our debt agreements.

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Share Repurchases
Our Board of Directors from time to time authorizes the repurchase of shares of our common stock up to a certain monetary limit. A summary of shares repurchased under our stock repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors follows:
  Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
(In millions, except per share data) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Shares repurchased 1.6  3.7  4.0  7.2 
Aggregate purchase price (1)
$ 207.4  $ 403.9  $ 512.4  $ 784.9 
Average purchase price per share $ 132.44  $ 109.22  $ 128.76  $ 109.62 
(1) Excludes excise tax accrual imposed under the Inflation Reduction Act of $2.1 million and $4.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.
As of June 30, 2023, $672.0 million remained available for share repurchases under the program. The decision to repurchase shares at any given point in time is based on factors such as the market price of our common stock versus our view of its intrinsic value, the potential impact on our capital structure (including compliance with our maximum leverage ratio and other financial covenants in our debt agreements as well as our available liquidity), and the expected return on competing uses of capital such as acquisitions or investments, capital investments in our current businesses, or repurchases of our debt.
Capital Expenditures
The following table sets forth information regarding our capital expenditures:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
(In millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Purchases of property and equipment, including operating lease buy-outs (1)
$ 109.5  $ 106.1  $ 205.4  $ 156.9 
(1) Includes accrued construction in progress and excludes property associated with leases entered into during the year.
At June 30, 2023, we owned approximately 79% of our new vehicle franchise store locations with a net book value of $2.4 billion, as well as other properties associated with our collision centers, AutoNation USA used vehicle stores, parts distribution centers, auction operations, and other excess properties with a net book value of $746.1 million. None of these properties are mortgaged or encumbered.
We continue to expand our AutoNation USA used vehicle stores and are targeting to have over 130 stores. The planned expansion may be impacted by a number of variables, including customer adoption, market conditions, availability of used vehicle inventory, availability and cost of building supplies and materials, and our ability to identify, acquire, and build out suitable locations in a timely manner.
Acquisitions and Divestitures
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we acquired RepairSmith, a mobile solution for automotive repair and maintenance, and we also purchased six stores. We did not purchase any stores during the six months ended June 30, 2022. We did not divest any stores during the six months ended June 30, 2023 or 2022.
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  June 30, June 30,
(In millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Cash used in business acquisitions, net $ 77.9  $ —  $ 268.9  $ — 

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Debt
The following table sets forth our non-vehicle long-term debt, as of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022.
Debt Description Maturity Date Interest Payable June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
3.5% Senior Notes
November 15, 2024 May 15 and November 15 $ 450.0  $ 450.0 
4.5% Senior Notes
October 1, 2025 April 1 and October 1 450.0  450.0 
3.8% Senior Notes
November 15, 2027 May 15 and November 15 300.0  300.0 
1.95% Senior Notes
August 1, 2028 February 1 and August 1 400.0  400.0 
4.75% Senior Notes
June 1, 2030 June 1 and December 1 500.0  500.0 
2.40% Senior Notes
August 1, 2031 February 1 and August 1 450.0  450.0 
3.85% Senior Notes
March 1, 2032 March 1 and September 1 700.0  700.0 
Revolving credit facility March 26, 2025* Monthly —  — 
Finance leases and other debt Various dates through 2041 369.3  375.5 
3,619.3  3,625.5 
Less: unamortized debt discounts and debt issuance costs (24.0) (26.0)
Less: current maturities (12.8) (12.6)
Long-term debt, net of current maturities $ 3,582.5  $ 3,586.9 
* As described above under “Available Liquidity Resources,” we amended and restated our credit agreement on July 18, 2023, and extended the maturity date to July 18, 2028.
We had commercial paper notes outstanding of $465.0 million at June 30, 2023, and $50.0 million at December 31, 2022. We also had non-recourse debt under our warehouse facilities of $166.4 million at June 30, 2023, and $181.8 million at December 31, 2022, and non-recourse debt under term securitizations of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $99.3 million at June 30, 2023, and $146.9 million at December 31, 2022.
A downgrade in our credit ratings could negatively impact the interest rate payable on our 3.5% Senior Notes, 4.5% Senior Notes, 3.8% Senior Notes, and 4.75% Senior Notes and could negatively impact our ability to issue, or the interest rates for, commercial paper notes. Additionally, an increase in our leverage ratio could negatively impact the interest rates charged for borrowings under our revolving credit facility.
See Note 8 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on our non-vehicle long-term debt, commercial paper, and non-recourse debt.
Restrictions and Covenants
Our amended and restated credit agreement and the indentures for our senior unsecured notes contain customary covenants that place restrictions on us, including our ability to incur additional or guarantee other indebtedness, to create liens or other encumbrances, to engage in sale and leaseback transactions, to sell (or otherwise dispose of) assets, and to merge or consolidate with other entities. Our failure to comply with the covenants contained in our amended and restated credit agreement and the indentures for our senior unsecured notes could result in the acceleration of other indebtedness of AutoNation.
Prior to the amendment and restatement of our credit agreement described above under “Available Liquidity Resources,” we were required to remain in compliance with a maximum leverage ratio and a maximum capitalization ratio. Our amended and restated credit agreement continues to provide for a maximum leverage ratio, but replaces the maximum capitalization ratio with a minimum interest coverage ratio.
The leverage ratio is a contractually defined amount principally reflecting non-vehicle debt divided by a measure of earnings. The interest coverage ratio is a contractually defined amount reflecting a measure of earnings divided by certain interest expense principally associated with vehicle floorplan payable and non-vehicle debt. The specific terms of the leverage and interest coverage ratios can be found in our amended and restated credit agreement, which is filed with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The capitalization ratio was a contractually defined amount principally reflecting vehicle floorplan payable and non-vehicle debt divided by our total capitalization including vehicle floorplan payable.

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As of June 30, 2023, we were in compliance with the leverage and capitalization ratios under our credit agreement and with the covenants under the indentures for our senior unsecured notes. In addition, we would have been in compliance with the interest coverage ratio as of June 30, 2023, if the amended and restated credit agreement had been in effect on such date.
At June 30, 2023, our leverage, capitalization, and interest coverage ratios were as follows:
  June 30, 2023
  Requirement Actual
Leverage ratio ≤ 3.75x 1.95x
Capitalization ratio ≤ 70.0% 62.9%
Interest coverage ratio
≥ 3.00x
8.79x
Vehicle Floorplan Payable
The components of vehicle floorplan payable are as follows:
(In millions) June 30,
2023
December 31,
2022
Vehicle floorplan payable - trade $ 1,211.7  $ 946.6 
Vehicle floorplan payable - non-trade 1,369.8  1,162.7 
Vehicle floorplan payable
$ 2,581.5  $ 2,109.3 
Vehicle floorplan facilities are due on demand, but in the case of new vehicle inventories, are generally paid within several business days after the related vehicles are sold. Vehicle floorplan facilities are primarily collateralized by vehicle inventories and related receivables.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes the changes in our cash provided by (used in) operating, investing, and financing activities:
Six Months Ended
  June 30,
(In millions) 2023 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 507.0  $ 895.0 
Net cash used in investing activities $ (487.5) $ (148.5)
Net cash used in financing activities $ (29.6) $ (470.5)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Our primary sources of operating cash flows result from the sale of vehicles, finance and insurance products, and parts and automotive repair and maintenance services, and proceeds from vehicle floorplan payable-trade. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are repayments of vehicle floorplan payable-trade, purchases of inventory, personnel-related expenditures, and payments related to taxes and leased properties.
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a decrease in earnings and an increase in working capital requirements.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash flows from investing activities consist primarily of cash used in capital additions and activity from business acquisitions, business divestitures, property dispositions, originations and collections of auto loans receivable acquired through third-party dealers, and other transactions.
We will make facility and infrastructure upgrades and improvements from time to time as we identify projects that are required to maintain our current business or that we expect to provide us with acceptable rates of return.

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Net cash used in investing activities increased during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to an increase in cash used in acquisitions, net of cash acquired, and purchases of property and equipment.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash flows from financing activities primarily include repurchases of common stock, debt activity, and changes in vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade.
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we repurchased 4.0 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $512.4 million (average purchase price per share of $128.76), excluding the 1% excise tax imposed under the Inflation Reduction Act. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we repurchased 7.2 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $784.9 million (average purchase price per share of $109.62), including repurchases for which settlement occurred subsequent to June 30, 2022.
Cash flows from financing activities include changes in commercial paper notes outstanding totaling net proceeds of $415.0 million and net payments of $340.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade totaling net proceeds of $171.4 million and net payments of $5.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we borrowed $63.9 million and repaid $126.9 million under our non-recourse debt facilities.
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we issued $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.85% Senior Notes due 2032.
Forward-Looking Statements
Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects, and the prevailing market price and performance of our common stock may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the matters discussed below. Certain statements and information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including, without limitation, statements regarding our strategic acquisitions, initiatives, partnerships, or investments, including AutoNation USA, AutoNation Finance, and RepairSmith; our investments in digital and online capabilities and mobility solutions; our expectations for the future performance of our business and the automotive retail industry; as well as other written or oral statements made from time to time by us or by our authorized executive officers on our behalf that describe our objectives, goals, or plans constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements that describe our objectives, plans or goals are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “goal,” “target,” “project,” “plan,” “believe,” “continue,” “may,” “will,” “could,” and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations concerning future results and events, and they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are difficult to predict and may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by these statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to revise or update these statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances. The risks, uncertainties, and other factors that our stockholders and prospective investors should consider include, but are not limited to, the following:
•The automotive retail industry is sensitive to changing economic conditions and various other factors, including, but not limited to, unemployment levels, consumer confidence, fuel prices, interest rates, and tariffs. Our business and results of operations are substantially dependent on new and used vehicle sales levels in the United States and in our particular geographic markets, as well as the gross profit margins that we can achieve on our sales of vehicles, all of which are very difficult to predict.
•The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted, and may continue to disrupt, our business, results of operations, and financial condition going forward. Future epidemics, pandemics, and other outbreaks could also disrupt our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
•Our new vehicle sales are impacted by the incentive, marketing, and other programs of vehicle manufacturers.
•We are dependent upon the success and continued financial viability of the vehicle manufacturers and distributors with which we hold franchises.

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•We are subject to restrictions imposed by, and significant influence from, vehicle manufacturers that may adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects, including our ability to acquire additional stores.
•We are investing significantly in various strategic initiatives, including the planned expansion of our AutoNation USA stores, and if they are not successful, we will have incurred significant expenses without the benefit of improved financial results.
•If we are not able to maintain and enhance our retail brands and reputation or to attract consumers to our own digital channels, or if events occur that damage our retail brands, reputation, or sales channels, our business and financial results may be harmed.
•We are subject to various risks associated with originating and servicing auto finance loans through indirect lending to customers, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business.
•New laws, regulations, or governmental policies in response to climate change, including fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards, or changes to existing standards, could adversely impact our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flow, and prospects.
•We are subject to numerous legal and administrative proceedings, which, if the outcomes are adverse to us, could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, and prospects.
•Our operations are subject to extensive governmental laws and regulations. If we are found to be in purported violation of or subject to liabilities under any of these laws or regulations, or if new laws or regulations are enacted that adversely affect our operations, our business, operating results, and prospects could suffer.
•A failure of our information systems or any security breach or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information could have a material adverse effect on our business.
•Our debt agreements contain certain financial ratios and other restrictions on our ability to conduct our business, and our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and operations and prevent us from fulfilling our debt service obligations.
•We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our vehicle floorplan payables, revolving credit facility, commercial paper program, and warehouse facilities that could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.
•Goodwill and other intangible assets comprise a significant portion of our total assets. We must test our goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment at least annually, which could result in a material, non-cash write-down of goodwill or franchise rights and could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and shareholders’ equity.
•Our minority equity investments with readily determinable fair values are required to be measured at fair value each reporting period, which could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition. The carrying value of our minority equity investment that does not have a readily determinable fair value is required to be adjusted for observable price changes or impairments, both of which could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.
•Our largest stockholders, as a result of their ownership stakes in us, may have the ability to exert substantial influence over actions to be taken or approved by our stockholders. In addition, future share repurchases and fluctuations in the levels of ownership of our largest stockholders could impact the volume of trading, liquidity, and market price of our common stock.
•Natural disasters and adverse weather events, including the effects of climate change, can disrupt our business.
Please refer to our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional discussion of the foregoing risks. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.
Additional Information
Investors and others should note that we announce material financial information using our company website (www.autonation.com), our investor relations website (investors.autonation.com), SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls, and webcasts. Information about AutoNation, its business, and its results of operations may also be announced by posts on AutoNation’s Twitter feed, www.twitter.com/autonation.

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The information that we post on our websites and social media channels could be deemed to be material information. As a result, we encourage investors, the media, and others interested in AutoNation to review the information that we post on those websites and social media channels. Our social media channels may be updated from time to time on our investor relations website. The information on or accessible through our websites and social media channels is not incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest Rate Risk
We have market risk exposure on various instruments that are based on variable interest rates. Interest rate derivatives may be used to hedge a portion of our variable rate debt, when appropriate, based on market conditions.
We had $2.6 billion of variable rate vehicle floorplan payable at June 30, 2023, and $2.1 billion at December 31, 2022. Based on these amounts, a 100 basis point change in interest rates would result in an approximate change to our annual floorplan interest expense of $25.8 million at June 30, 2023, and $21.1 million at December 31, 2022. Our exposure to changes in interest rates with respect to total vehicle floorplan payable is partially mitigated by manufacturers’ floorplan assistance, which in some cases is based on variable interest rates.
We had $465.0 million of commercial paper notes outstanding at June 30, 2023, and $50.0 million at December 31, 2022. Based on the amount outstanding, a 100 basis point change in interest rates would result in an approximate change to our annual interest expense of $4.7 million at June 30, 2023, and $0.5 million at December 31, 2022.
Our fixed rate senior unsecured notes totaled $3.2 billion and had a fair value of $2.9 billion as of June 30, 2023, and totaled $3.2 billion and had a fair value of $2.8 billion as of December 31, 2022.
As of June 30, 2023, all auto loans receivable outstanding were fixed-rate installment contracts. Financing for these receivables was achieved through both variable- and fixed-rate non-recourse debt. Non-recourse debt includes warehouse facilities and asset-backed term securitizations. Borrowings under the warehouse facilities are variable-rate debt and are secured by the related auto loans receivable. Certain auto loans receivable were funded through term securitizations, which issued notes payable that accrue interest at fixed rates, and are also secured by the related auto loans receivable.
Equity Price Risk
We are subject to equity price risk with respect to minority equity investments. Certain of our equity investments have readily determinable fair values. During the period that we hold these equity investments, unrealized gains and losses will be recorded as the fair market value of the securities change over time. The fair value of these equity investments was $14.3 million at June 30, 2023. A hypothetical 10% change in the equity prices of these securities with readily determinable fair values would result in an approximate change to gain or loss of $1.4 million. We also have a minority equity investment without a readily determinable fair value. This equity investment is measured using a measurement alternative as permitted by accounting standards and was initially recorded at cost, to be subsequently adjusted for observable price changes. During the period that we hold this investment, unrealized gains and losses may be recorded if we identify observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. The carrying amount of our equity investment without a readily determinable fair value was $56.7 million at June 30, 2023. A hypothetical 10% observable price change for this equity investment would result in an approximate change to gain or loss of $5.7 million. The selected 10% hypothetical change in equity prices is not intended to reflect a best or worst case scenario, as equity price changes could be smaller or larger due to the nature of equity markets.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 under the Exchange Act that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
In addition to the information set forth in this Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The table below sets forth information with respect to shares of common stock repurchased by AutoNation, Inc. during the three months ended June 30, 2023.
Period
Total Number of
Shares Purchased (1)
Avg. Price
Paid Per
Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
Approximate Dollar 
Value of Shares 
That May Yet Be
Purchased Under 
The Plans or
Programs (in millions)(1)
April 1, 2023 - April 30, 2023 584,914  $ 130.51  584,914  $ 803.0 
May 1, 2023 - May 31, 2023 981,010  $ 133.58  981,010  $ 672.0 
June 1, 2023 - June 30, 2023 238  $ 130.01  238  $ 672.0 
Total 1,566,162  1,566,162 
 
(1)Our Board of Directors from time to time authorizes the repurchase of shares of our common stock up to a certain monetary limit. As of June 30, 2023, $672.0 million remained available under our stock repurchase limit. Our stock repurchase program does not have an expiration date.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
(a)
Amended and Restated By-Laws
On July 20, 2023, our Board of Directors, in connection with its periodic review of corporate governance matters, adopted and approved an amendment and restatement of our amended and restated by-laws (as so amended and restated, the “Amended and Restated By-Laws”), effective immediately, in order to, among other things:
•amend the disclosure and procedural requirements under the advance notice provisions of the Amended and Restated By-Laws in connection with stockholder director nominations to reflect the SEC’s universal proxy rules, including by:
◦requiring a nominating stockholder to comply with Rule 14a-19 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”);
◦requiring that a nominating stockholder’s notice to the Company of such a nomination include the information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act and be accompanied by each proposed nominee’s consent to being named in any proxy statement relating to the applicable meeting of stockholders;
◦requiring a nominating stockholder to provide evidence to the Company, no later than five business days after the stockholder files a definitive proxy statement in connection with the applicable meeting of stockholders, that such stockholder has solicited proxies from holders representing at least 67% of the voting power of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors; and
◦providing that a stockholder nomination may be disregarded if the chairman of the applicable meeting of stockholders determines that the solicitation in support of the nominee was not conducted in compliance with Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act;
•provide that any stockholder providing a nomination notice under the advance notice provisions of the Amended and Restated By-Laws use a proxy card color other than white, which shall be reserved for the exclusive use by our Board of Directors;
•add an exclusive forum provision, which provides that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, a state court located within the State of Delaware (or, if no state court located within the State of Delaware has jurisdiction, the federal court for the District of Delaware) shall be the sole and exclusive forum for certain enumerated claims involving the Company, including any action asserting an “internal corporate claim” (as defined in Section 115 of the Delaware General Corporation Law);

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•designate the federal district courts of the United States as the sole and exclusive forum, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; and
•make certain other updates, including ministerial, clarifying, and conforming changes.
The Amended and Restated By-Laws are attached to this report as Exhibit 3.1 and are incorporated herein by reference. The foregoing description of the Amended and Restated By-Laws is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Amended and Restated By-Laws.
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
On July 18, 2023, we amended and restated our unsecured credit agreement (as amended and restated, the “Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and certain other lenders named therein. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, among other things, (1) increases the revolving credit facility commitment from $1.8 billion to $1.9 billion, (2) extends the maturity date to July 18, 2028, (3) allows for the maximum leverage ratio covenant to increase from 3.75x to 4.25x for four fiscal quarters in the event that the Company completes a material acquisition, and (4) replaces the maximum capitalization ratio covenant with a minimum interest coverage ratio covenant. The interest coverage ratio is a contractually defined amount reflecting a measure of earnings divided by certain interest expense principally associated with vehicle floorplan payable and non-vehicle debt. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement continues to contain an accordion feature that allows the Company, subject to credit availability and certain other conditions, to increase the amount of the revolving credit facility, together with any added term loans, by up to $500.0 million in the aggregate.
The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement is attached to this report as Exhibit 10.1 and is incorporated herein by reference. The foregoing description of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to such agreement.
(c)
During the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (in each case, as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. Description
3.1*
10.1*†
10.2*
10.3*
10.4
31.1*
31.2*
32.1**
32.2**
101* Inline XBRL Document Set for the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
104* Inline XBRL for the cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, included in the Exhibit 101 Inline XBRL Document Set.
*    Filed herewith.
†    Certain schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company undertakes to furnish copies of any of the omitted schedules to the SEC or its staff upon request.
**    Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
AUTONATION, INC.
Date: July 21, 2023 By: /s/ Kimberly R. Dees
Kimberly R. Dees
Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)


56
EX-3.1 2 ex31by-laws.htm EX-3.1 Document
Exhibit 3.1


AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
of
AUTONATION, INC.
A Delaware Corporation
Effective July 20, 2023






AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
OF
AUTONATION, INC.
(hereinafter called the “Corporation”)

ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1.Registered Office. The registered office of the Corporation shall be located at Corporation Service Company, 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, Delaware 19808.
Section 2.Other Offices. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1.Place of Meetings. Meetings of the stockholders for the election of directors or for any other purpose shall be held at such time and place, if any, either within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.
Section 2.Annual Meetings. The annual meeting of stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) shall be held on such date and at such time as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting, at which meetings the stockholders shall elect directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. Written notice of the Annual Meeting stating the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, and the means of remote communications, if any, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting.
Section 3.Special Meetings.
(a)    Unless otherwise prescribed by law or by the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and restated from time to time (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), special meetings of stockholders (“Special Meetings”) may be called (i) for any purpose or purposes by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (ii) in accordance with Section 3(b). At Special Meetings, only such business shall be conducted as shall be specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors. Written notice of a Special Meeting stating the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, and the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting.

(b)    Subject to the provisions of this Section 3(b) and all other applicable sections of these By-Laws, a Special Meeting shall be called by or at the direction of the Board of Directors upon written request (a “Special Meeting Request”) of one or more record holders of shares of common stock of the Corporation representing not less than twenty-five percent (25%) of the Corporation’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock (the “Requisite Percentage”). The Board of Directors shall determine in good faith whether all requirements set forth in this Section 3(b) have been satisfied and such determination shall be binding on the Corporation and its stockholders.
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(i) A Special Meeting Request must be delivered to the attention of the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation. A Special Meeting Request shall be valid only if it is signed and dated by each stockholder of record submitting the Special Meeting Request, or such stockholder’s duly authorized agent (each, a “Requesting Stockholder”), collectively representing the Requisite Percentage, and includes (A) a statement of the specific purpose(s) of the Special Meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the Special Meeting; (B) as to any director nominations proposed to be presented at the Special Meeting, and any matter (other than a director nomination) proposed to be conducted at the Special Meeting, and as to each Requesting Stockholder, the information, statements, representations, agreements and other documents that would be required to be set forth in or included with a stockholder’s notice of a nomination pursuant to Section 2 of Article III and/or a stockholder’s notice of business proposed to be brought before a meeting pursuant to Section 7 of this Article II, as applicable; (C) a representation that each Requesting Stockholder, or one or more representatives of each such stockholder, intends to appear in person or by proxy at the Special Meeting to present the proposal(s) or business to be brought before the Special Meeting; (D) an agreement by each Requesting Stockholder to notify the Corporation promptly in the event of any disposition prior to the record date for the Special Meeting of shares of common stock of the Corporation owned of record and an acknowledgement that any such disposition shall be deemed to be a revocation of such Special Meeting Request with respect to such disposed shares; (E) the number of shares of common stock owned of record by each such Requesting Stockholder; and (F) documentary evidence that the Requesting Stockholders in the aggregate own the Requisite Percentage as of the date on which the Special Meeting Request is delivered to the Secretary. In addition, the Requesting Stockholders shall (x) further update and supplement the information provided in the Special Meeting Request, if necessary, so that all information provided or required to be provided therein shall be true and correct as of the record date for the Special Meeting, and such update and supplement (or a written certification that no such updates or supplements are necessary and that the information previously provided remains true and correct as of the record date) shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for the Special Meeting and (y) promptly provide any other information reasonably requested by the Corporation.
(ii)    A Special Meeting Request shall not be valid, and a Special Meeting requested by stockholders shall not be held, if (A) the Special Meeting Request does not comply with this Section 3(b); (B) the Special Meeting Request relates to an item of business that is not a proper subject for stockholder action under applicable law (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors); (C) the Special Meeting Request is delivered during the period commencing one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the immediately preceding Annual Meeting and ending on the earlier of (x) the date of the next Annual Meeting and (y) thirty (30) days after the first anniversary of the date of the previous Annual Meeting; (D) an identical or substantially similar item (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, a “Similar Item”) was presented at an Annual Meeting or Special Meeting held, or was the subject of a request that the Board of Directors fix a Consent Record Date pursuant to Section 9 of Article II, not more than one hundred twenty (120) days before the Special Meeting Request is delivered (and, for purposes of this clause (D), the election of directors shall be deemed to be a “Similar Item” with respect to all items of business involving the election or removal of directors, changing the size of the Board of Directors and the filling of vacancies and/or newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors); (E) a Similar Item is included in the Corporation’s notice of meeting as an item of business to be brought before an Annual Meeting or Special Meeting that has been called but not yet held, or is included in a request that the Board of Directors fix a Consent Record Date pursuant to Section 9 of Article II that has been received but not yet acted upon; or (F) the Special Meeting Request was made in a manner that involved a violation of Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or other applicable law.
(iii)    Special Meetings called pursuant to this Section 3(b) shall be held at such place, if any, on such date, and at such time as the Board of Directors shall fix; provided, however, that the Special Meeting shall not be held more than one hundred twenty (120) days after receipt by the Corporation of a valid Special Meeting Request.
(iv) The Requesting Stockholders may revoke a Special Meeting Request by written revocation delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation at any time prior to the Special Meeting. If, at any point following the earliest dated Special Meeting Request, the unrevoked requests from Requesting Stockholders (whether by specific written revocation or deemed revocation pursuant to clause (D) of Section 3(b)(i)), represent in the aggregate less than the Requisite Percentage, the Board of Directors, in its discretion, may cancel the Special Meeting.




(v)    In determining whether a Special Meeting has been requested by the Requesting Stockholders representing in the aggregate at the least the Requisite Percentage, multiple Special Meeting Requests delivered to the Secretary will be considered together only if (A) each Special Meeting Request identifies substantially the same purpose or purposes of the Special Meeting and substantially the same matters proposed to be acted on at the Special Meeting, in each case as determined by the Board of Directors (which, if such purpose is the election or removal of directors, changing the size of the Board of Directors and/or the filling of vacancies and/or newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors, will mean that the exact same person or persons are proposed for election or removal in each relevant Stockholder Meeting Request), and (B) such Special Meeting Requests have been dated and delivered to the Secretary within sixty (60) days of the earliest dated Special Meeting Request.
(vi)    If none of the Requesting Stockholders appear or send a duly authorized agent to present the business to be presented for consideration specified in the Special Meeting Request, the Corporation need not present such business for a vote at the Special Meeting, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such matter may have been received by the Corporation.
(vii)    Business transacted at any Special Meeting called pursuant to this Section 3(b) shall be limited to (A) the purpose(s) stated in the valid Special Meeting Request received from the Requisite Percentage of record holders, and (B) any additional matters that the Board of Directors determines to include in the Corporation’s notice of the Special Meeting.
Section 4.Quorum; Adjournment, Postponement or Cancellation of Meetings. Except as otherwise required by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the capital stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business. A quorum, once established, shall not be broken by the withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present or represented. The chairman of the meeting also shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, whether or not there is a quorum.
Any meeting of the stockholders may be adjourned from time to time to reconvene at the same or some other place, if any, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time and place, if any, thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting in accordance with the requirements of Section 2 or Section 3, as applicable, hereof shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to notice of and to vote at the meeting. Any previously scheduled meeting of the stockholders may be postponed, and any Special Meeting may be cancelled, by resolution of the Board of Directors prior to the date previously scheduled for such meeting of stockholders, and the Corporation shall publicly disclose such postponement or cancellation.
Section 5.Proxies. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to a corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, provided, however, that no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless said proxy provides for a longer period. Without limiting the manner in which a stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy, either of the following shall constitute a valid means by which a stockholder may grant such authority:
(a) a stockholder may execute a writing authorizing another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy. Execution may be accomplished by the stockholder or his or her authorized officer, director, employee or agent signing such writing or causing his or her signature to be affixed to such writing by any reasonable means, including, but not limited to, by facsimile signature.




(b)    a stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of an electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such electronic transmission, provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder. If it is determined that such electronic transmissions are valid, the inspectors, or if there are no inspectors, such other persons making that determination shall specify the information on which they relied.
Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission authorizing another person or persons to act as proxy for a stockholder may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used; provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.
Section 6.Voting. At all meetings of the stockholders at which a quorum is present, except as otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, any question brought before any meeting of stockholders shall be decided by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the total number of votes of the capital stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on such question, voting as a single class. Except as otherwise required in the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors, in its discretion, or the officer of the Corporation presiding at a meeting of stockholders, in his or her discretion, may require that any votes cast at such meeting shall be cast by written ballot.
Section 7.Nature of Business at Annual Meetings of Stockholders. Only such business (other than the nominations for election to the Board of Directors, which must comply with the provisions of Section 2 of Article III) may be transacted at an Annual Meeting as is either (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof), (b) otherwise properly brought before the Annual Meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or (c) otherwise properly brought before the Annual Meeting by any stockholder of the Corporation (i) who is a stockholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section 7 and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such Annual Meeting and (ii) who complies with the procedures set forth in this Section 7.
In addition to any other applicable requirements, for business to be properly brought before an Annual Meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (c) of the immediately preceding paragraph, such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the Secretary of the Corporation.
To be timely, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one-hundred twenty (120) days prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding Annual Meeting (the “Meeting Anniversary Date”); provided, however, that in the event that the Annual Meeting is called for a date that is not within thirty (30) days before or after the Meeting Anniversary Date, notice by the stockholder in order to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the Annual Meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the Annual Meeting was made, whichever first occurs. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an Annual Meeting, or the public disclosure of such an adjournment or postponement, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.




To be in proper written form, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary must set forth the following information: (a) as to each matter such stockholder proposes to bring before the Annual Meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the Annual Meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the Annual Meeting, and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made, (i) the name and address of such person, (ii) (A) the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) or associates (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) of such person, (B) the name of each nominee holder of shares of all stock of the Corporation owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, and the number of such shares of stock of the Corporation held by each such nominee holder, (C) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation and (D) whether and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Corporation) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation, (iii) a description of all agreements, arrangements, or understandings (whether written or oral) between or among such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business and any material interest of such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, in such business, including any anticipated benefit therefrom to such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, (iv) a representation that the stockholder giving the notice (or a qualified representative thereof) will appear in person at the Annual Meeting to bring such business before the meeting, and (v) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies by such person with respect to the proposed business to be brought by such person before the Annual Meeting pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Any person providing any information to the Corporation pursuant to this Section 7 shall further update and supplement such information, if necessary, so that all information provided (or required to be provided) pursuant to this Section 7 shall be true and correct as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual Meeting and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual Meeting.
No business shall be conducted at the Annual Meeting except business brought before the Annual Meeting in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of this Section 7 and any applicable procedures set forth in this Section 7; provided, however, that, once business has been properly brought before the Annual Meeting in accordance with such provisions and procedures, nothing in this Section 7 shall be deemed to preclude discussion by any stockholder of any such business. If the chairman of an Annual Meeting determines that business was not properly brought before the Annual Meeting in accordance with such provisions and procedures, the chairman shall declare to the meeting that the business was not properly brought before the meeting and such business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For the avoidance of doubt, if the stockholder proposing any business breaches any of its representations or fails to comply with any of its obligations under this Section 7, as determined by the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or the chairman of the Annual Meeting, then such business shall be deemed not to have been properly brought before the Annual Meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 7 and such business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation.
Nothing contained in this Section 7 shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act (or any successor provision of law).
Section 8.Record Date.




In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and which record date: (1) in the case of determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders or adjournment thereof, shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting; and (2) in the case of any other action, shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such other action. If no record date is fixed: (1) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held; and (2) the record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting. Nothing in this Section 8 shall in any way be construed to change the procedure for setting the record date and for determining the effectiveness of stockholder action by written consent as set forth in Section 9 of this Article II.
Section 9.Written Consents.
(a)    In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date (a “Consent Record Date”). The Consent Record Date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the Consent Record Date is adopted by the Board of Directors and shall not be more than ten (10) days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the Consent Record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or take corporate action by written consent shall, by written notice to the Secretary of the Corporation, request the Board of Directors to fix a Consent Record Date. To be valid, such written request shall set forth the purpose or purposes for which the written consent is sought to be used, shall be signed by one or more stockholders of record (or their duly authorized proxies or other representatives) and shall bear the date of signature of each such stockholder (or proxy or other representative). The Board of Directors shall promptly, but in all events within ten (10) days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a resolution fixing the Consent Record Date. If no Consent Record Date has been fixed by the Board of Directors within ten (10) days of the date on which such a request is received, the Consent Record Date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of stockholders meetings are recorded, to the attention of the Secretary of the Corporation. Delivery shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no Consent Record Date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law, the Consent Record Date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
(b)    Every written consent shall be signed by a person or persons who as of the Consent Record Date is a stockholder of record on the Consent Record Date, shall bear the date of signature of each such stockholder, shall set forth the name and address, as they appear in the Corporation’s books, of each stockholder signing such consent and the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned of record and beneficially by each such stockholder, and shall be delivered to the Corporation in the manner specified in Section 9(a). No written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within sixty (60) days of the date the earliest dated written consent was received in accordance with Section 9(a), a written consent or consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take such action are delivered to the Corporation in the manner prescribed in Section 9(a).
(c)    In the event of the delivery, in the manner provided in Section 9(a), to the Corporation of the requisite written consent or consents to take corporate action and/or any related revocation or revocations, the Corporation shall engage independent inspectors of elections for the purpose of promptly performing a ministerial




review of the validity of the consents and revocations. For the purpose of permitting the inspectors to perform such review, no action by written consent without a meeting shall be effective until such date as the independent inspectors certify to the Corporation that the consents represent at least the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to take the corporate action. Nothing contained in this paragraph (c) of Section 9 shall in any way be construed to suggest or imply that the Board of Directors or any stockholder shall not be entitled to contest the validity of any consent or revocation thereof, whether before or after certification by the independent inspectors, or to take any other action (including, without limitation, the commencement, prosecution or defense of any litigation with respect thereto, and the seeking of injunctive relief in such litigation).
Section 10.Conduct of Meetings. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of the stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the chairman of any meeting of the stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chairman of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) the determination of when the polls shall open and close for any given matter to be voted on at the meeting; (iii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iv) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairman of the meeting shall determine; (v) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (vi) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants.
Section 11.Notices and Waivers.
(a)    Whenever written notice is required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, to be given to any stockholder, such notice may be given by mail, addressed to such stockholder, at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail. Written notice may also be given personally or by electronic transmission, facsimile or any other lawful method.
(b)    Whenever any notice is required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, to be given to any stockholder, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto. Attendance of a person at a meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where the person attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or Special Meeting need be specified in any written waiver of notice unless so required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws.
Section 12.Inspectors of Election. In advance of any meeting of stockholders, the Board by resolution or the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. One or more other persons may be designated as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is present, ready and willing to act at a meeting of stockholders, the chairman of the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Unless otherwise required by law, inspectors may be officers, employees or agents of the Corporation. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspector shall have the duties prescribed by law and shall take charge of the polls and, when the vote is completed, shall make a certificate of the result of the vote taken and of such other facts as may be required by law.





ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
Section 1.Number and Election of Directors. The Board of Directors shall consist of not more than 12 members, the exact number of which shall be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. Except as provided in Section 3 of this Article III, directors shall be elected by the stockholders at the Annual Meetings (or Special Meetings called for the purpose of electing directors). Notwithstanding any provision in these By-Laws to the contrary, a nominee for director shall be elected to the Board of Directors if the votes cast for such nominee’s election exceed the votes against such nominee’s election; provided, however, that directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at any meeting of stockholders for which the Secretary of the Corporation determines that the number of nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected as of the date seven (7) days prior to the scheduled mailing date of the proxy statement for such meeting. Each director shall hold office for the term for which he or she is elected and qualified or until his or her successor shall have been elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation, removal from office or death. The Board of Directors may from time to time establish minimum qualifications for eligibility to become a director. Those qualifications may include, but shall not be limited to, a prerequisite stock ownership in the Corporation.
Section 2.Nomination of Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at any Annual Meeting, or at any Special Meeting called for the purpose of electing directors, only (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof), (b) by any stockholder of the Corporation (i) who is a stockholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section 2 and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such Annual Meeting or Special Meeting and (ii) who complies with the procedures set forth in this Section 2 and the requirements of Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act, or (c) in the case of an Annual Meeting, by any Eligible Stockholder (as defined in Section 13(a) of this Article III) who complies with the procedures set forth in Section 13 of this Article III.
In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by a stockholder pursuant to clause (b) of the immediately preceding paragraph, such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof (a “Nomination Notice”) in proper written form to the Secretary of the Corporation.
To be timely, a Nomination Notice must be delivered to or be mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (a) in the case of an Annual Meeting, not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one-hundred twenty (120) days prior to the Meeting Anniversary Date; provided, however, that in the event that the Annual Meeting is called for a date that is not within thirty (30) days before or after the Meeting Anniversary Date, a Nomination Notice in order to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the Annual Meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the Annual Meeting was made, whichever first occurs, and (b) in the case of a Special Meeting called for the purpose of electing directors, not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the Special Meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the Special Meeting was made, whichever first occurs. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an Annual Meeting or a Special Meeting called for the purpose of electing directors, or the public disclosure of such an adjournment or postponement, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Nomination Notice as described above.




To be in proper written form, a Nomination Notice must set forth the following information: (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) (A) the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B) the name of each nominee holder of shares of all stock of the Corporation owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, and the number of such shares of stock of the Corporation held by each such nominee holder, (C) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation and (D) whether and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Corporation) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation, (iv) the written representation and agreement of such person required by Section 14 of this Article III and (v) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice, and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made, (i) the name and record address of the stockholder giving the notice and the name and principal place of business of such beneficial owner, (ii) (A) the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B) the name of each nominee holder of shares of the Corporation owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, and the number of shares of stock of the Corporation held by each such nominee holder, (C) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation and (D) whether and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Corporation) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation, (iii) a description of all agreements, arrangements, or understandings (whether written or oral) between such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, and any proposed nominee or any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to which the nomination(s) are being made by such person, and any material interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, in such nomination, including any anticipated benefit therefrom to such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, (iv) a representation that the stockholder giving the notice (or a qualified representative thereof) will appear in person at the Annual Meeting or Special Meeting to nominate the persons named in its notice, and (v) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Such Nomination Notice must include all other information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act and must be accompanied by a written consent of each proposed nominee to being named as a nominee in any proxy statement relating to the Annual Meeting or Special Meeting, as applicable, and to serving as a director if elected.
In addition to the information required or requested pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph or any other provision of these By-Laws, the Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish any other information (a) that may reasonably be requested by the Corporation to determine whether the nominee would be independent under the rules and listing standards of the securities exchanges upon which the stock of the Corporation is listed or traded, any applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission or any publicly disclosed standards used by the Board of Directors in determining and disclosing the independence of the Corporation’s directors (collectively, the “Independence Standards”), (b) that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee or (c) that may reasonably be requested by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation. Further, any stockholder providing a Nomination Notice must use a proxy card color other than white, which shall be reserved for the exclusive use by the board of directors.
Any person providing any information to the Corporation pursuant to this Section 2 shall further update and supplement such information (i), if necessary, so that all information provided (or required to be provided) pursuant to this Section 2 shall be true and correct as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual Meeting or Special Meeting, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of such Annual Meeting or Special Meeting.




and (ii) to provide evidence that the stockholder providing a Nomination Notice has solicited proxies from holders representing at least sixty-seven percent (67%) of the voting power of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the stockholder files a definitive proxy statement in connection with such Annual Meeting or Special Meeting of Stockholders, as applicable.
Except as may be otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation with respect to the right of holders of preferred stock of the Corporation to nominate and elect a specified number of directors in certain circumstances, no person shall be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of this Section 2 and any applicable procedures set forth in this Section 2 or Section 13 of this Article III. If the chairman of the meeting determines that a nomination was not made in accordance with such provisions and procedures or that a solicitation in support of the nominees set forth in the stockholder’s Nomination Notice was not conducted in compliance with Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act, the chairman shall declare to the meeting that the nomination was defective and such defective nomination shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For the avoidance of doubt, if a nominee and/or the stockholder providing a Nomination Notice relating to such nominee breaches any of its agreements or representations or fails to comply with any of its obligations under this Section 2, as determined by the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or the chairman of the meeting, then such nomination shall be deemed not to have been made in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2 and such defective nomination shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation.
Section 3.Vacancies. Subject to the terms of any one or more classes or series of preferred stock, any vacancy on the Board of Directors that results from an increase in the number of directors may only be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, provided that a quorum is present, and any other vacancy occurring on the Board of Directors may only be filled by a majority of the Board of Directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever the holders of any one or more class or classes or series of preferred stock of the Corporation shall have the right, voting separately as a class, to elect directors at an Annual or Special Meeting, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 4.Duties and Powers. The business of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-Laws required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
Section 5.Organization. Each meeting of the Board of Directors shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or in his or her absence, by the Vice Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or such other member of the Board of Directors as is designated by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or as shall be chosen by the Board of Directors at the meeting. The Secretary of the Corporation shall act as Secretary at each meeting of the Board of Directors. In case the Secretary shall be absent from any meeting of the Board of Directors, the chairman of the meeting shall be entitled to designate any person, including an Assistant Secretary, to act as Secretary of the meeting.
Section 6.Resignations and Removals of Directors. Any director of the Corporation may resign at any time, by giving written notice to the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time therein specified or, if no time is specified, immediately; and, unless otherwise specified in such notice, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Except as otherwise required by law and subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of shares of preferred stock then outstanding, any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed from office at any time, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority in voting power of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote in the election of directors.




Section 7.Meetings. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such time and at such place as may from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors and, unless required by resolution of the Board of Directors, without notice. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Vice Chairman, if there be one, the Chief Executive Officer or a majority of the directors then in office. Notice thereof stating the place, date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each director or member of a committee either by mail not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the date of the meeting, or by telephone, facsimile, telegram or other means of electronic transmission, overnight express mail service or personally on twenty-four (24) hours’ notice, or on such shorter notice as the person or persons calling such meeting may deem necessary or appropriate in the circumstances. Whenever any notice is required to be given to any director or member of a committee, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by such director or member of a committee, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a director or member of a committee at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where the director or member of a committee attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
Section 8.Quorum. Except as may be otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, at all meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, a majority of the entire Board of Directors or a majority of the members of such committee, as the case may be, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors or any such committee, as the case may be. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting of the time and place of the adjourned meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
Section 9.Actions by Written Consent. Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all the members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.
Section 10.Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone. Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 10 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Section 11.Committees. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the entire Board of Directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of any such committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, and in the absence of a designation by the Board of Directors of an alternate member to replace the absent or disqualified member, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any absent or disqualified member. Any committee, to the extent permitted by law and provided in the resolution establishing such committee, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation. Each committee shall keep regular minutes and report to the Board of Directors when required.




Section 12.Compensation. Directors shall receive such compensation and expense reimbursements for their services as directors or as members of committees as set by the Board of Directors. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity as an officer, agent or otherwise, and receiving compensation therefor.
Section 13.Proxy Access for Director Nominations.
(a)    Whenever the Board of Directors solicits proxies with respect to the election of directors at an Annual Meeting, subject to the provisions of this Section 13, the Corporation shall include in its proxy statement for such Annual Meeting, in addition to any persons nominated for election by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof), the name, together with the Required Information (as defined below), of any person nominated for election to the Board of Directors by an Eligible Stockholder pursuant to and in accordance with this Section 13 (a “Stockholder Nominee”). For purposes of this Section 13, the “Required Information” that the Corporation will include in its proxy statement is (i) the information provided to the Secretary of the Corporation concerning the Stockholder Nominee and the Eligible Stockholder that is required to be disclosed in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) if the Eligible Stockholder so elects, a Supporting Statement (as defined in Section 13(h)). For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Section 13 shall limit the Corporation’s ability to solicit against any Stockholder Nominee or include in its proxy materials the Corporation’s own statements or other information relating to any Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee, including any information provided to the Corporation pursuant to this Section 13. Subject to the provisions of this Section 13, the name of any Stockholder Nominee included in the Corporation’s proxy statement for an Annual Meeting shall also be set forth on the form of proxy distributed by the Corporation in connection with such Annual Meeting.
(b)    In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by an Eligible Stockholder pursuant to this Section 13, the Eligible Stockholder must have given timely notice thereof (a “Notice of Proxy Access Nomination”) in proper written form to the Secretary of the Corporation and must expressly request in the Notice of Proxy Access Nomination to have such nominee included in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 13. To be timely, a Notice of Proxy Access Nomination must be delivered to or be mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than one-hundred twenty (120) days nor more than one-hundred fifty (150) days prior to the anniversary of the date that the Corporation first distributed its proxy statement to stockholders for the immediately preceding Annual Meeting. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an Annual Meeting, or the public disclosure of such an adjournment or postponement, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Notice of Proxy Access Nomination as described above.




(c) The maximum number of Stockholder Nominees nominated by all Eligible Stockholders that will be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials with respect to an Annual Meeting shall not exceed the greater of (i) two (2) or (ii) twenty percent (20%) of the number of directors in office as of the last day on which a Notice of Proxy Access Nomination may be delivered pursuant to and in accordance with this Section 13 (the “Final Proxy Access Nomination Date”) or, if such amount is not a whole number, the closest whole number below twenty percent (20%) (such greater number, as it may be adjusted pursuant to this Section 13(c), the “Permitted Number”). In the event that one or more vacancies for any reason occurs on the Board of Directors after the Final Proxy Access Nomination Date but before the date of the Annual Meeting and the Board of Directors resolves to reduce the size of the Board of Directors in connection therewith, the Permitted Number shall be calculated based on the number of directors in office as so reduced. In addition, the Permitted Number shall be reduced by (i) the number of individuals who will be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials as nominees recommended by the Board of Directors pursuant to an agreement, arrangement or other understanding with a stockholder or group of stockholders (other than any such agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into in connection with an acquisition of stock from the Corporation by such stockholder or group of stockholders) and (ii) the number of directors in office as of the Final Proxy Access Nomination Date who were included in the Corporation’s proxy materials as Stockholder Nominees for any of the three (3) preceding Annual Meetings (including any persons counted as Stockholder Nominees pursuant to the immediately succeeding sentence) and whose re-election at the upcoming Annual Meeting is being recommended by the Board of Directors. For purposes of determining when the Permitted Number has been reached, any individual nominated by an Eligible Stockholder for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 13 whose nomination is subsequently withdrawn or whom the Board of Directors decides to nominate for election to the Board of Directors shall be counted as one of the Stockholder Nominees. Any Eligible Stockholder submitting more than one Stockholder Nominee for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 13 shall rank such Stockholder Nominees based on the order in which the Eligible Stockholder desires such Stockholder Nominees to be selected for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy materials in the event that the total number of Stockholder Nominees submitted by Eligible Stockholders pursuant to this Section 13 exceeds the Permitted Number. In the event that the number of Stockholder Nominees submitted by Eligible Stockholders pursuant to this Section 13 exceeds the Permitted Number, the highest ranking Stockholder Nominee who meets the requirements of this Section 13 from each Eligible Stockholder will be selected for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy materials until the Permitted Number is reached, going in order of the amount (largest to smallest) of shares of common stock of the Corporation each Eligible Stockholder disclosed as Owned in its Notice of Proxy Access Nomination. If the Permitted Number is not reached after the highest ranking Stockholder Nominee who meets the requirements of this Section 13 from each Eligible Stockholder has been selected, then the next highest ranking Stockholder Nominee who meets the requirements of this Section 13 from each Eligible Stockholder will be selected for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy materials, and this process will continue as many times as necessary, following the same order each time, until the Permitted Number is reached. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 13, the Corporation shall not be required to include any Stockholder Nominees in its proxy materials pursuant to this Section 13 for any meeting of stockholders for which the Secretary of the Corporation receives a notice (whether or not subsequently withdrawn) that a stockholder intends to nominate one or more persons for election to the Board of Directors pursuant to clause (b) of the first paragraph of Section 2 this Article III.
(d)    An “Eligible Stockholder” is a stockholder or group of no more than twenty (20) stockholders (counting as one stockholder, for this purpose, any two (2) or more funds that are part of the same Qualifying Fund Group (as defined below)) that (i) has Owned (as defined in Section 13(e)) at least the Required Shares (as defined below) continuously throughout the three (3)-year period preceding and including the date the Notice of Proxy Access Nomination is delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation in accordance with this Section 13 (the “Minimum Holding Period”), (ii) continues to Own the Required Shares through the date of the Annual Meeting and (iii) meets all other requirements of this Section 13. “Required Shares” means that number of shares of common stock of the Corporation that represents at least three percent (3%) of the number of outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation as of both (A) the most recent date for which such amount was given in any filing by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission prior to the start of the Minimum Holding Period and (B) the most recent date for which such amount was given in any filing by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission prior to the date the Notice of Proxy Access Nomination is delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation in accordance with this Section 13. A “Qualifying Fund Group” means two (2) or more funds that are (i) under common management and investment control, (ii) under common management and funded primarily by the same employer or (iii) a “group of investment companies” as such term is defined in Section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Investment Corporation Act of 1940, as amended. Whenever the Eligible Stockholder consists of a group of stockholders (including a group of funds that are part of the same Qualifying Fund Group), (i) each provision in this Section 13 that requires the Eligible Stockholder to provide any written statements, representations, undertakings, agreements or other instruments or to meet any other conditions shall be deemed to require each stockholder (including each individual fund) that is a member of such group to provide such statements, representations, undertakings, agreements or other instruments and to meet such other conditions (except that the members of such group may aggregate the shares that each member has Owned continuously throughout the Minimum Holding Period in order to meet the three percent (3%) Ownership requirement of the “Required Shares” definition) and (ii) a breach of any obligation, agreement or representation under this Section 13 by any member of such group shall be deemed a breach by the Eligible Stockholder. No stockholder may be a member of more than one group of stockholders constituting an Eligible Stockholder with respect to any Annual Meeting.




(e) For purposes of this Section 13, a stockholder shall be deemed to “Own” only those outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation as to which the stockholder possesses both (i) the full voting and investment rights pertaining to the shares and (ii) the full economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit from and risk of loss on) such shares; provided that the number of shares calculated in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) shall not include any shares (A) sold by such stockholder or any of its affiliates in any transaction that has not been settled or closed, (B) borrowed by such stockholder or any of its affiliates for any purposes or purchased by such stockholder or any of its affiliates pursuant to an agreement to resell, or (C) subject to any option, warrant, forward contract, swap, contract of sale, or other derivative or similar instrument or agreement entered into by such stockholder or any of its affiliates, whether any such instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares or with cash based on the notional amount or value of shares of outstanding common stock of the Corporation, in any such case which instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, the purpose or effect of (1) reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any time in the future, such stockholder’s or its affiliates’ full right to vote or direct the voting of any such shares and/or (2) hedging, offsetting or altering to any degree any gain or loss realized or realizable from maintaining the full economic ownership of such shares by such stockholder or affiliate. A stockholder shall “Own” shares held in the name of a nominee or other intermediary so long as the stockholder retains the right to instruct how the shares are voted with respect to the election of directors and possesses the full economic interest in the shares. A stockholder’s Ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which (i) the stockholder has loaned such shares, provided that the stockholder has the power to recall such loaned shares on five (5) business days’ notice and includes in the Notice of Proxy Access Nomination an agreement that it (A) will promptly recall such loaned shares upon being notified that any of its Stockholder Nominees will be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials and (B) will continue to hold such recalled shares through the date of the Annual Meeting or (ii) the stockholder has delegated any voting power by means of a proxy, power of attorney or other instrument or arrangement which is revocable at any time by the stockholder. The terms “Owned,” “Owning” and other variations of the word “Own” shall have correlative meanings. Whether outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation are “Owned” for these purposes shall be decided by the Board of Directors.
(f)    To be in proper written form, a Notice of Proxy Access Nomination must set forth or be accompanied by the following:
(i)    a statement by the Eligible Stockholder (A) setting forth and certifying as to the number of shares it Owns and has Owned continuously throughout the Minimum Holding Period, (B) agreeing to continue to Own the Required Shares through the date of Annual Meeting and (C) indicating whether it intends to continue to own the Required Shares for at least one year following the Annual Meeting;
(ii)    one or more written statements from the record holder of the Required Shares (and from each intermediary through which the Required Shares are or have been held during the Minimum Holding Period) verifying that, as of a date within seven (7) calendar days prior to the date the Notice of Proxy Access Nomination is delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, the Eligible Stockholder Owns, and has Owned continuously throughout the Minimum Holding Period, the Required Shares, and the Eligible Stockholder’s agreement to provide, within five (5) business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual Meeting, one or more written statements from the record holder and such intermediaries verifying the Eligible Stockholder’s continuous Ownership of the Required Shares through the record date;
(iii)    a copy of the Schedule 14N that has been or is concurrently being filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as required by Rule 14a-18 under the Exchange Act;
(iv)    the information, representations, agreements and other documents that would be required to be set forth in or included with a Nomination Notice pursuant to Section 2 of this Article III (including the written consent of each Stockholder Nominee to being named as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected and the written representation and agreement of each Stockholder Nominee required by Section 14 of this Article III);
(v)    the details of any relationship that existed within the past three (3) years and that would have been described pursuant to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14N (or any successor item) if it existed on the date of submission of the Schedule 14N;




(vi)    a representation that the Eligible Stockholder (A) did not acquire, and is not holding, any securities of the Corporation for the purpose or with the intent of changing or influencing control of the Corporation, (B) has not nominated and will not nominate for election to the Board of Directors at the Annual Meeting any person other than the Stockholder Nominee(s) it is nominating pursuant to this Section 13, (C) has not engaged and will not engage in, and has not and will not be a “participant” in another person’s, “solicitation” within the meaning of Rule 14a-1(l) under the Exchange Act in support of the election of any individual as a director at the Annual Meeting other than its Stockholder Nominee(s) or a nominee of the Board of Directors, (D) has not distributed and will not distribute to any stockholder of the Corporation any form of proxy for the Annual Meeting other than the form distributed by the Corporation, (E) has complied and will comply with all laws, rules and regulations applicable to solicitations and the use, if any, of soliciting material in connection with the Annual Meeting and (F) has provided and will provide facts, statements and other information in all communications with the Corporation and its stockholders that are or will be true and correct in all material respects and do not and will not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;
(vii)    an undertaking that the Eligible Stockholder agrees to (A) assume all liability stemming from any legal or regulatory violation arising out of the Eligible Stockholder’s communications with the stockholders of the Corporation or out of the information that the Eligible Stockholder provided to the Corporation, (B) indemnify and hold harmless the Corporation and each of its directors, officers and employees individually against any liability, loss or damages in connection with any threatened or pending action, suit or proceeding, whether legal, administrative or investigative, against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers or employees arising out of any nomination submitted by the Eligible Stockholder pursuant to this Section 13 or any solicitation or other activity in connection therewith and (C) file with the Securities and Exchange Commission any solicitation or other communication with the stockholders of the Corporation relating to the meeting at which its Stockholder Nominee(s) will be nominated, regardless of whether any such filing is required under Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act or whether any exemption from filing is available for such solicitation or other communication under Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act;
(viii)    in the case of a nomination by an Eligible Stockholder consisting of a group of stockholders, the designation by all group members of one member of the group that is authorized to receive communications, notices and inquiries from the Corporation and to act on behalf of all members of the group with respect to all matters relating to the nomination under this Section 13 (including withdrawal of the nomination); and in the case of a nomination by an Eligible Stockholder consisting of a group of stockholders in which two (2) or more funds are intended to be treated as one stockholder for purposes of qualifying as an Eligible Stockholder, documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation that demonstrates that the funds are part of the same Qualifying Fund Group.
(g)    In addition to the information required or requested pursuant to Section 13(f) or any other provision of these By-Laws, (i) the Corporation may require any proposed Stockholder Nominee to furnish any other information (A) that may reasonably be requested by the Corporation to determine whether the Stockholder Nominee would be independent under the Independence Standards, (B) that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such Stockholder Nominee or (C) that may reasonably be requested by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such Stockholder Nominee to be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 13 or to serve as a director of the Corporation, and (ii) the Corporation may require the Eligible Stockholder to furnish any other information that may reasonably be requested by the Corporation to verify the Eligible Stockholder’s continuous Ownership of the Required Shares throughout the Minimum Holding Period and through the date of the Annual Meeting.
(h) The Eligible Stockholder may, at its option, provide to the Secretary of the Corporation, at the time the Notice of Proxy Access Nomination is provided, a written statement, not to exceed five hundred (500) words, in support of its Stockholder Nominee(s)’ candidacy (a “Supporting Statement”). Only one Supporting Statement may be submitted by an Eligible Stockholder (including any group of stockholders together constituting an Eligible Stockholder) in support of its Stockholder Nominee(s). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 13, the Corporation may omit from its proxy materials any information or Supporting Statement (or portion thereof) that it, in good faith, believes would violate any applicable law, rule or regulation.




(i)    In the event that any information or communications provided by an Eligible Stockholder or a Stockholder Nominee to the Corporation or its stockholders is not, when provided, or thereafter ceases to be true and correct in all material respects or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, such Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee, as the case may be, shall promptly notify the Secretary of the Corporation of any such defect and of the information that is required to correct any such defect. Without limiting the foregoing, an Eligible Stockholder shall provide immediate notice to the Corporation if the Eligible Stockholder ceases to Own any of the Required Shares prior to the date of the Annual Meeting. In addition, any person providing any information to the Corporation pursuant to this Section 13 shall further update and supplement such information, if necessary, so that all information provided (or required to be provided) pursuant to this Section 13 shall be true and correct as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual Meeting, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of such Annual Meeting. For the avoidance of doubt, no notification, update or supplement provided pursuant to this Section 13(i) or otherwise shall be deemed to cure any defect in any previously provided information or communications or limit the remedies available to the Corporation relating to any such defect (including the right to omit a Stockholder Nominee from its proxy materials pursuant to this Section 13).
(j)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 13, the Corporation shall not be required to include in its proxy materials, pursuant to this Section 13, any Stockholder Nominee (i) who would not be an independent director under the Independence Standards, (ii) whose election as a member of the Board of Directors would cause the Corporation to be in violation of these By-Laws, the Certificate of Incorporation, the rules and listing standards of the securities exchanges upon which the stock of the Corporation is listed or traded, or any applicable law, rule or regulation, (iii) who is or has been, within the past three (3) years, an officer or director of a competitor, as defined in Section 8 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, (iv) who is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses) or has been convicted in such a criminal proceeding within the past ten (10) years, (v) who is subject to any order of the type specified in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or (vi) who shall have provided any information to the Corporation or its stockholders that was untrue in any material respect or that omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading.
(k)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, if (i) a Stockholder Nominee and/or the applicable Eligible Stockholder breaches any of its agreements or representations or fails to comply with any of its obligations under this Section 13 or (ii) a Stockholder Nominee otherwise becomes ineligible for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 13, or dies, becomes disabled or otherwise becomes ineligible or unavailable for election at the Annual Meeting, in each case as determined by the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or the chairman of the Annual Meeting, (A) the Corporation may omit or, to the extent feasible, remove the information concerning such Stockholder Nominee and the related Supporting Statement from its proxy materials and/or otherwise communicate to its stockholders that such Stockholder Nominee will not be eligible for election at the Annual Meeting, (B) the Corporation shall not be required to include in its proxy materials any successor or replacement nominee proposed by the applicable Eligible Stockholder or any other Eligible Stockholder and (C) the chairman of the Annual Meeting shall declare that the nomination is defective and such defective nomination shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation.
(l) Any Stockholder Nominee who is included in the Corporation’s proxy materials for a particular Annual Meeting but either (i) withdraws from or becomes ineligible or unavailable for election at the Annual Meeting, or (ii) does not receive at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the votes cast in favor of such Stockholder Nominee’s election, will be ineligible to be a Stockholder Nominee pursuant to this Section 13 for the next two (2) Annual Meetings. For the avoidance of doubt, the immediately preceding sentence shall not prevent any stockholder from nominating any person to the Board of Directors pursuant to clause (b) of the first paragraph of Section 2 this Article III.




(m)    Other than pursuant to 14a-19 under the Exchange Act, this Section 13 provides the exclusive method for a stockholder to include nominees for election to the Board of Directors in the Corporation’s proxy materials.
Section 14.Director Nominee Representation and Agreement. In order to be eligible for election or re-election as a director of the Corporation, a person must deliver to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a written representation and agreement that such person (a) is not and will not become a party to (i) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation in such representation and agreement or (ii) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (b) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with such person’s nomination, candidacy, service or action as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation in such representation and agreement, (c) would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with the Corporation’s code of business ethics, corporate governance guidelines, securities trading policies and any other policies or guidelines of the Corporation applicable to directors and (d) will make such other acknowledgments, enter into such agreements and provide such information as the Board of Directors requires of all directors, including promptly submitting all completed and signed questionnaires required of the Corporation’s directors.
ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
Section 1.Designation. The Corporation shall have such officers with such titles and duties as set forth in these By-Laws, in a resolution of the Board of Directors or as chosen pursuant to Section 13 of this Article IV.
Section 2.Election and Qualification. Except as provided in Section 13, the officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and, if specifically determined by the Board of Directors, may consist of a Chairman of the Board, Vice Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, one or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer, one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers, and such other officers and agents as the Board of Directors may deem advisable or as may be provided in Section 13 of this Article IV. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless otherwise prohibited by law or the Certificate of Incorporation. The officers of the Corporation need not be stockholders of the Corporation nor, except in the case of the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, need such officers be directors of the Corporation.
Section 3.Term of Office. Officers shall be chosen in such manner and shall hold their office for such term as determined by the Board of Directors. Each officer shall hold office from the time of his or her election and qualification to the time at which his or her successor is elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier resignation, removal or death.
Section 4.Resignation. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice of such resignation to the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if no time be specified, upon receipt thereof by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. The acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.




Section 5.Removal. Any officer may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors.
Section 6.Compensation. The compensation of each officer shall be determined by the Board of Directors or by an appropriate committee of the Board of Directors.
Section 7.The Chairman and the Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board shall, subject to the direction and oversight of the Board, oversee the business plans and policies of the Corporation, and shall oversee the implementation of those business plans and policies. The Chairman shall report to the Board, shall preside as chairman at meetings of the Board of Directors and at all meetings of the stockholders, and shall have general authority to execute bonds, deeds and contracts in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation. In the absence or disability of the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer or such other member of the Board of Directors as is designated by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or by the Board of Directors shall be vested with and shall perform all powers and duties of the Chairman (or such limited powers and duties as is designated by the Chairman or the Board of Directors, including presiding at a meeting of the Board of Directors or the stockholders). The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board, as determined by the Board, may also act in such capacities as non-officer directors.
Section 8.Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall, subject to the direction of the Board, establish and implement the business plans, policies and procedures of the Corporation. The Chief Executive Officer shall report to the Board, shall preside as chairman over meetings of the Board or the stockholders in the absence of the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Board or if so designated by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, and shall have general authority to execute bonds, deeds and contracts in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation and in general to exercise all the powers generally appertaining to the Chief Executive Officer of a corporation.
Section 9.President, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer. The President, the Chief Operating Officer and the Chief Financial Officer shall have such duties as shall be assigned to each from time to time by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer and by the Board of Directors.
Section 10.Vice President. Each Vice President shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to him or her by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or as provided in Section 13 of this Article IV.
Section 11.Secretary. The Secretary shall attend meetings of the Board of Directors and stockholders and record votes and minutes of such proceedings, subject to the direction of the Chairman; assist in issuing calls for meetings of stockholders and directors; keep the seal of the Corporation and affix it to such instruments as may be required from time to time; keep the books and records of the Corporation; attest the Corporation’s execution of instruments when requested and appropriate; make such reports to the Board of Directors as are properly requested; and perform such other duties incident to the office of Secretary and those that may be otherwise assigned to the Secretary from time to time by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Chairman of the Board of Directors.
Section 12.Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have custody of all corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation. The Treasurer shall deposit or disburse all moneys and other property in the name and to the credit of the Corporation as may be designated by the President or the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall render to the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer and the Board of Directors, whenever they may request it, an account of all his or her transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall perform other duties incident to the office of Treasurer as the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer or the Board of Directors shall from time to time designate.
Section 13.Other Officers. Such other officers as the Board of Directors may choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer of the Corporation the power to choose such other officers and to prescribe their respective duties and powers.




ARTICLE V
STOCK
Section 1.Form of Certificates. The shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution that some or all of any or all classes or series of the Corporation’s capital stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares theretofore represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Notwithstanding the adoption of any such resolution by the Board of Directors, every holder of capital stock in the Corporation represented by certificates and, upon request, every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate signed, in the name of the Corporation, by (i) the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President and (ii) the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by such holder of stock in the Corporation.
Section 2.Signatures. Any or all of the signatures on a certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
Section 3.Lost, Destroyed, Stolen or Mutilated Certificates. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. The Corporation may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to such an issuance of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such person’s legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as the Corporation shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
Section 4.Transfers. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law and in these By-Laws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation, and, in the case of certificated shares of capital stock, only by the person named in the certificate or by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing and upon the surrender of the certificate therefor, properly endorsed for transfer and payment of all necessary transfer taxes, or, in the case of uncertificated shares of capital stock, upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered holder of the shares or by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing, and upon payment of all necessary transfer taxes and compliance with appropriate procedures for transferring shares in uncertificated form; provided, however, that such surrender and endorsement, compliance or payment of taxes shall not be required in any case in which the officers of the Corporation shall determine to waive such requirement. With respect to certificated shares of capital stock, every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the Corporation shall be marked “Cancelled,” with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or the transfer agent thereof. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred.
Section 5.Transfer and Registry Agents. The Corporation may from time to time maintain one or more transfer offices or agencies and registry offices or agencies at such place or places as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 6.Beneficial Owners. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law.




ARTICLE VI
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1.Dividends. Subject to the requirements of law and the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors, and may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the Corporation’s capital stock. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its absolute discretion, deems proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for purchasing any of the shares of capital stock, warrants, rights, options, bonds, debentures, notes, scrip or other securities or evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for any other proper purpose, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.
Section 2.Disbursements. All checks or demands for money and notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
Section 3.Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the calendar year or as fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
Section 4.Corporate Seal. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation and shall be in the form as approved by the Board of Directors from time to time. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.
Section 5.Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof.
Section 6.Forum for Adjudication of Disputes. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum (an “Alternative Forum Consent”), the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a duty (including any fiduciary duty) owed by any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation's stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation arising out of or relating to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws (each, as in effect from time to time), or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the State of Delaware; provided, however, that, in the event that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware lacks subject matter jurisdiction over any such action or proceeding, the sole and exclusive forum for such action or proceeding shall be another state or federal court located within the State of Delaware, in each such case, unless the Court of Chancery (or such other state or federal court located within the State of Delaware, as applicable) has dismissed a prior action by the same plaintiff asserting the same claims because such court lacked personal jurisdiction over an indispensable party named as a defendant therein. Unless the Corporation gives an Alternative Forum Consent, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Any person or entity purchasing, otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section 6 of Article VI. The existence of any prior Alternative Forum Consent shall not act as a waiver of the Corporation’s ongoing consent right as set forth above in this Section 6 of Article VI with respect to any current or future actions or claims.




ARTICLE VII
INDEMNIFICATION
Section 1.Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings Other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 3 of this Article VII, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, such person had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that such person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.
Section 2.Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 3 of this Article VII, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
Section 3.Authorization of Indemnification. Any indemnification under this Article VII (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the present or former director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 1 or Section 2 of this Article VII, as the case may be. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (iv) by the stockholders. To the extent, however, that a present or former director or officer of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described above, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, without the necessity of authorization in the specific case.
Section 4.Good Faith Defined. For purposes of any determination under Section 3 of this Article VII, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Corporation or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Corporation or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Corporation or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Corporation or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Corporation or another enterprise.




The term “another enterprise” as used in this Section 4 shall mean any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent. The provisions of this Section 4 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 1 or 2 of this Article VII, as the case may be.
Section 5.Indemnification by a Court. Notwithstanding any contrary determination in the specific case under Section 3 of this Article VII, and notwithstanding the absence of any determination thereunder, any director or officer may apply to the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or any other court of competent jurisdiction in the State of Delaware for indemnification to the extent otherwise permissible under Sections 1 and 2 of this Article VII. The basis of such indemnification by a court shall be a determination by such court that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standards of conduct set forth in Section 1 or 2 of this Article VII, as the case may be. Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section 3 of this Article VII nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct. Notice of any application for indemnification pursuant to this Section 5 shall be given to the Corporation promptly upon the filing of such application. If successful, in whole or in part, the director or officer seeking indemnification shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such application.
Section 6.Expenses Payable in Advance. Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by a director or officer in defending or investigating a threatened or pending civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article VII.
Section 7.Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Article VII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the Certificate of Incorporation or any By-Law, agreement, contract, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or pursuant to the direction (howsoever embodied) of any court of competent jurisdiction or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, it being the policy of the Corporation that indemnification of the persons specified in Section 1 and 2 of this Article VII shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Article VII shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is not specified in Section 1 or 2 of this Article VII but whom the Corporation has the power or obligation to indemnify under the provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or otherwise.
Section 8.Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article VII.
Section 9.Certain Definitions.




For purposes of this Article VII, references to “the Corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors or officers, so that any person who is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation, or is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article VII with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article VII, references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the Corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director or officer with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation” as referred to in this Article VII.
Section 10.Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VII shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
Section 11.Limitation on Indemnification. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article VII to the contrary, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 5 hereof), the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or personal or legal representatives) or advance expenses in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
Section 12.Indemnification of Employees and Agents. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Corporation similar to those conferred in this Article VII to directors and officers of the Corporation.
Section 13.Repeal or Modification. Any repeal or other modification of this Article VII shall not limit any rights of indemnification then existing or arising out of events, acts, omissions or circumstances occurring or existing prior to such repeal or modification, including, without limitation, the right to indemnification for proceedings commenced after such repeal or modification to enforce this Article VII with regard to acts, omissions, events or circumstances occurring or existing prior to such repeal or modification.
Section 14.Severability. If this Article VII or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify each director and officer of the Corporation as to costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement with respect to any proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, including an action by or in the right of the Corporation, to the full extent permitted by any applicable portion of this Article VII that shall not have been invalidated and to the full extent permitted by applicable law.
ARTICLE VIII
AMENDMENTS
Section 1.Amendments. These By-Laws may be altered, amended or repealed, in whole or in part, or new By-Laws may be adopted by the Board of Directors or by the stockholders.
Section 2.Entire Board of Directors. As used in these By-Laws generally, the term “entire Board of Directors” means the total number of directors which the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies.
[END OF DOCUMENT]


EX-10.1 3 ex1012023fourtharcreditagr.htm EX-10.1 Document
Exhibit 10.1
FOURTH AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT
by and among
AUTONATION, INC.,
as Borrower,
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.,
as Administrative Agent and as Lender,
and
BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., MIZUHO BANK, LTD., TRUIST BANK AND WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
as Syndication Agents and as Lenders,
and
MERCEDES-BENZ FINANCIAL SERVICES USA LLC, TOYOTA MOTOR CREDIT CORPORATION AND U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
as Documentation Agents and as Lenders,
and
THE LENDERS PARTY HERETO FROM TIME TO TIME
July 18, 2023
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., BOFA SECURITIES, INC., MIZUHO BANK, LTD., TRUIST SECURITIES, INC. and WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC
Co-Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners



TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I
Definitions
1.1 Definitions
1
1.2 Rules of Interpretation
31
1.3 Accounting for Permitted Acquisitions
32
1.4 Accounting for Derivatives
32
1.5 Accounting and Financial Determinations
32
1.6 Divisions
33
1.7 Limited Condition Acquisition
33
1.8 Interest Rates; Benchmark Notification
33
ARTICLE II
The Loans
2.1 [Reserved] 34
2.2 [Reserved]
34
2.3 [Reserved]
34
2.4 Revolving Credit Commitments
34
2.5 Competitive Bid Loans
37
2.6 Payment of Interest
40
2.7 Payment of Principal
41
2.8 Non-Conforming Payments
41
2.9 Pro Rata Payments
42
2.10 Reductions and Prepayment
42
2.11 Decrease in Amounts
43
2.12 Conversions and Elections of Subsequent Interest Periods
43
2.13 Fees
44
2.14 Deficiency Advances; Failure to Purchase Participations
44
2.15 Intraday Funding
44
2.16 Use of Proceeds
45
2.17 [Reserved]
45
2.18 Increased Amounts
45
2.19 Extension of Termination Date
48
ARTICLE III
Letters of Credit
3.1 Letters of Credit 49
3.2 Reimbursements and Participations
50
3.3 Governmental Action
53
2


3.4 Letter of Credit Fee
53
3.5 Administrative Fees
53
ARTICLE IV
Change in Circumstances
4.1 Increased Cost and Reduced Return
53
4.2 Alternate Rate of Interest
56
4.3 Illegality
58
4.4 Treatment of Affected Loans
58
4.5 Compensation
59
4.6 Taxes
60
4.7 Replacement Lenders
63
4.8 Defaulting Revolving Lenders
64
ARTICLE V
Conditions to Making Loans and Issuing Letters of Credit
5.1 Conditions to Effectiveness and the Initial Advance
67
5.2 Conditions of Loans
68
5.3 Supplements to Schedules
68
ARTICLE VI
Representations and Warranties
6.1 Representations and Warranties
69
ARTICLE VII
Affirmative Covenants
7.1 Financial Reports, Etc.
74
7.2 Maintain Properties
75
7.3 Existence, Qualification, Etc.
75
7.4 Regulations and Taxes
75
7.5 Insurance
76
7.6 True Books
76
7.7 Right of Inspection
76
7.8 Observe all Laws
76
7.9 Governmental Licenses
76
7.10 Covenants Extending to Subsidiaries
77
7.11 Officer's Knowledge of Default
77



7.12 Suits or Other Proceedings 77
7.13 Notice of Discharge of Hazardous Material or Environmental Complaint
77
7.14 Environmental Compliance
77
7.15 Notice of Change in Beneficial Ownership Certification
77
7.16 Continued Operations
77
7.17 Use of Proceeds
78
7.18 Guarantors
78
ARTICLE VIII
Negative Covenants
8.1 Financial Covenants
78
8.2 Indebtedness
79
8.3 Liens
79
8.4 Merger, Consolidation or Fundamental Changes
82
8.5 Fiscal Year
82
8.6 [Reserved]
82
8.7 Manufacturer Consents
82
8.8 Use of Proceeds
82
ARTICLE IX
Events of Default and Acceleration
9.1 Events of Default
83
9.2 Administrative Agent to Act
86
9.3 Cumulative Rights
86
9.4 No Waiver
86
9.5 Allocation of Proceeds
86
ARTICLE X
The Administrative Agent
10.1 Authorization and Action
87
10.2 Administrative Agent's Reliance, Limitation of Liability, Etc
89
10.3 Posting of Communications
90
10.4 The Administrative Agent Individually
92
10.5 Successor Administrative Agent
92
10.6 Acknowledgments of Lenders and Issuing Banks
93
10.7 Certain ERISA Matters
95



ARTICLE XI
Miscellaneous
11.1 Assignments and Participations
96
11.2 Notices
99
11.3 Right of Set-off; Adjustments
101
11.4 Survival
102
11.5 Expenses
102
11.6 Amendments and Waivers
102
11.7 Counterparts; Electronic Execution
104
11.8 Termination
105
11.9 Limitation of Liability; Indemnification
105
11.10 Severability
106
11.11 Entire Agreement
106
11.12 Agreement Controls
106
11.13 Usury Savings Clause
106
11.14 Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial
107
11.15 Confidentiality
108
11.16 Releases of Facility Guarantees
109
11.17 Guarantor Release
109
11.18 MANUFACTURER CONSENTS
109
11.19 USA Patriot Act Notice
110
11.20 Effect of Amendment and Restatement
110
11.21 Acknowledgment and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions
111
11.22 Acknowledgment Regarding Any Supported QFCs
111
11.23 No Fiduciary Duty, etc
112
31
EXHIBIT A Revolving Credit Commitments
EXHIBIT B Form of Assignment and Assumption
EXHIBIT C Notice of Appointment (or Revocation) of Authorized Representative
EXHIBIT D Form of Borrowing Notice
EXHIBIT E Compliance Certificate
EXHIBIT F Form of Interest Rate Selection Notice
EXHIBIT G Form of Competitive Bid Quote Request
EXHIBIT H Form of Competitive Bid Quote
EXHIBIT I [Intentionally Omitted]
EXHIBIT J Form of Facility Guaranty
EXHIBIT K Form of Commitment Increase Agreement
EXHIBIT L Form of Added Lender Agreement
EXHIBIT M Form of U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate



Schedule 1.1(a) Closing Date Existing Issuing Banks and Closing Date Existing Letters of Credit
Schedule 1.1(b) Manufacturer Consents
Schedule 1.1(c) Existing Vehicle Lenders
Schedule 6.1(g) Litigation
Schedule 6.1(l) ERISA
Schedule 6.1(n) Environmental Issues
Schedule 8.3 Existing Liens






FOURTH AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT
THIS FOURTH AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of July 18, 2023 (the “Agreement”), is made by and among:
AUTONATION, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Borrower”); and
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., a national banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America (“JPMorgan Chase Bank”), each other lender signatory hereto on the Closing Date, each Person which may hereafter execute and deliver an Assignment and Assumption with respect to this Agreement pursuant to Section 11.1 and each Person which hereafter becomes an Added Lender pursuant to Section 2.18 (hereinafter JPMorgan Chase Bank and such other lenders and Added Lenders may be referred to individually as a “Lender” or collectively as the “Lenders”); and
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., in its capacity as administrative agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “Administrative Agent”);
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Borrower is party to the Existing Credit Agreement;
WHEREAS, the Borrower has requested that the Existing Credit Agreement be amended and restated in order to make certain amendments as provided in this Agreement; and
WHEREAS, the Lenders that are signatories hereto have agreed to amend the Existing Credit Agreement in such respects and to restate the Existing Credit Agreement as so amended and restated as provided in this Agreement (and, in that connection, certain lenders not currently party to the Existing Credit Agreement shall become a party as lenders hereunder), effective upon the satisfaction of certain conditions precedent set forth in Article V;
NOW, THEREFORE, the Borrower, the Lenders party hereto and the Administrative Agent hereby agree that on the Closing Date (as defined below) the Existing Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated as follows:
ARTICLE I

Definitions
1.1    Definitions. For the purposes of this Agreement, in addition to the definitions set forth above, the following terms shall have the respective meanings set forth below:
“Absolute Rate” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.5(c)(ii)(C) hereof.
“Acquisition” means the acquisition of (i) a controlling equity interest in another Person (including the purchase of an option, warrant or convertible or similar type security to acquire such a controlling interest at the time it is exercised by the holder thereof), whether by purchase of such equity interest or upon exercise of an option or warrant for, or conversion of securities into, such equity interest, or (ii) assets of another Person which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of such Person or of a line or lines of business conducted by such Person.



“Acquisition Adjustments” means with respect to any Permitted Acquisition the adjustments provided for in Section 1.3.
“Added Lender” means the Added Revolving Credit Lender or the Added Term Lender, as applicable.
“Added Revolving Credit Commitments” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.18 hereof.
“Added Revolving Credit Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.18 hereof.
“Added Term Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.18 hereof.
“Added Term Loan” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.18 hereof.
“Adjusted Consolidated EBITDA” means Consolidated EBITDA minus any Consolidated Interest Expense related to (i) Vehicle Secured Indebtedness and (ii) Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness.
“Adjusted Consolidated Interest Expense” means Consolidated Interest Expense minus any Consolidated Interest Expense related to Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness.
“Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR” means an interest rate per annum equal to (a) the Daily Simple SOFR, plus (b) 0.10%; provided that if the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR as so determined would be less than the Floor, such rate shall be deemed to be equal to the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement.
“Adjusted Term SOFR Rate” means, for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (a) the Term SOFR Rate for such Interest Period, plus (b) 0.10%; provided that if the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate as so determined would be less than the Floor, such rate shall be deemed to be equal to the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement.
“Administrative Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
“Advance” means a borrowing under (i) the Revolving Credit Facility, consisting of the aggregate principal amount of a Base Rate Loan or a Term Benchmark Loan, as the case may be, or (ii) the Competitive Bid Facility consisting of a Competitive Bid Loan.
“Affected Financial Institution” means (a) any EEA Financial Institution or (b) any UK Financial Institution.
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person which directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with such Person. The term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting stock, by contract or otherwise.
“Agent-Related Persons” means the Administrative Agent (including any successor administrative agent), together with its Affiliates (including, in the case of JPMorgan Chase Bank in its capacity as the Administrative Agent, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC), and the officers, directors, employees and attorneys-in-fact of such Persons and Affiliates.



“Agents” means the collective reference to the Administrative Agent and the Syndication Agents and Documentation Agents referred to on the cover page hereof.
“Aggregate Exposure” means, with respect to any Lender at any time, an amount equal to the amount of such Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment then in effect or, if the Revolving Credit Commitments have been terminated, the amount of such Lender’s Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations then in effect.
“Aggregate Exposure Percentage” means, with respect to any Lender at any time, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of such Lender’s Aggregate Exposure at such time to the Aggregate Exposure of all Lenders at such time.
“Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Ancillary Document” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 11.7.
“Anti-Corruption Laws” means all laws, rules, and regulations of any jurisdiction applicable to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries from time to time concerning or relating to bribery or corruption.
“Applicable Base Rate Margin” means that number of basis points per annum set forth in the Pricing Grid under the heading “Applicable Base Rate Margin”.
“Applicable Commitment Fee” for each Revolving Credit Lender means (a) that number of basis points per annum set forth on the Pricing Grid under the heading “Applicable Commitment Fee”, multiplied by (b) such Lender’s Available Revolving Credit Commitment.
“Applicable Lending Office” means, for each Lender and for each Type of Loan, the “Lending Office” of such Lender (or of an Affiliate of such Lender) designated for such Type of Loan on the signature pages hereof or such other office of such Lender (or an Affiliate of such Lender) as such Lender may from time to time specify to the Administrative Agent and the Borrower by written notice in accordance with the terms hereof as the office by which its Loans of such Type are to be made and maintained.
“Applicable Margin” means the Applicable Base Rate Margin, Applicable Term Benchmark Margin or Applicable RFR Margin, as applicable.
“Applicable Party” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 10.3(c).
“Applicable RFR Margin” means that number of basis points per annum set forth on the Pricing Grid under the heading “Applicable RFR Margin”.
“Applicable Term Benchmark Margin” means that number of basis points per annum set forth on the Pricing Grid under the heading “Applicable Term Benchmark Margin”.
“Applications and Agreements for Letters of Credit” means, collectively, the applications for Letters of Credit executed by the Borrower from time to time and delivered to the applicable Issuing Bank to support the issuance of Letters of Credit.
“Approved Electronic Platform” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 10.3(a).
3




“Arrangers” means the collective reference to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., BofA Securities, Inc., Mizuho Bank, Ltd., Truist Securities, Inc. and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC.
“ASC” means Accounting Standards Codification.
“Assignment and Assumption” shall mean an Assignment and Assumption substantially in the form of Exhibit B (with blanks appropriately filled in) delivered to the Administrative Agent in connection with an assignment of a Lender’s interest under this Agreement pursuant to Section 11.1.
“Authorized Representative” means (i) with respect to financial matters, the Chief Financial Officer or Treasurer of the Borrower and (ii) for all other purposes, any of the Executive Chairman, Chairman, Vice Chairmen, President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Executive Vice Presidents or Vice Presidents of the Borrower or any other person expressly designated by the Board of Directors of the Borrower (or the appropriate committee thereof) as an Authorized Representative of the Borrower, in each case, as set forth from time to time in a certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C.
“Auto-Releasing Credit Facility” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 11.17.
“Automobile Retailing Activities” means new and used vehicle retailing, renting, leasing, financing, servicing, repairing and related or complementary activities, including but not limited to the selling of finance and insurance related products and other aftermarket parts and accessories.
“Available Revolving Credit Commitment” means, as to any Revolving Credit Lender at any time, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) such Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment then in effect over (b) the sum of such Lender’s Revolving Credit Loans then outstanding and such Lender’s Participation in the Letter of Credit Outstandings.
“Available Tenor” means, as of any date of determination and with respect to the then-current Benchmark, as applicable, any tenor for such Benchmark (or component thereof) or payment period for interest calculated with reference to such Benchmark (or component thereof), as applicable, that is or may be used for determining the length of an Interest Period for any term rate or otherwise, for determining any frequency of making payments of interest calculated pursuant to this Agreement as of such date and not including, for the avoidance of doubt, any tenor for such Benchmark that is then-removed from the definition of “Interest Period” pursuant to clause (e) of Section 4.2.
“Bail-In Action” means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an Affected Financial Institution.
“Bail-In Legislation” means (a) with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law, regulation rule or requirement for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 (as amended from time to time) and any other law, regulation or rule applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (other than through liquidation, administration or other insolvency proceedings).
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“Base Rate” means the sum of:
(a)    for any day, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (i) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (ii) the NYFRB Rate in effect on such day plus ½ of 1% and (iii) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for a one month Interest Period as published two U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to such day (or if such day is not a U.S. Government Securities Business Day, the immediately preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day) plus 1%; provided that for the purpose of this definition, the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for any day shall be based on the Term SOFR Reference Rate at approximately 5:00 a.m. Chicago time on such day (or any amended publication time for the Term SOFR Reference Rate, as specified by the CME Term SOFR Administrator in the Term SOFR Reference Rate methodology).
plus
(b)    the Applicable Base Rate Margin.
Any change in the Base Rate due to a change in the Prime Rate, the NYFRB Rate or the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in the Prime Rate, the NYFRB Rate or the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, respectively. If the Base Rate is being used as an alternate rate of interest pursuant to Section 4.2 (for the avoidance of doubt, only until the Benchmark Replacement has been determined pursuant to Section 4.2(b)), then the Base Rate shall be the greater of clauses (i) and (ii) above and shall be determined without reference to clause (iii) above. For the avoidance of doubt, if the Base Rate as determined pursuant to the foregoing would be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.
“Base Rate Loan” means a Loan for which the rate of interest is determined by reference to the Base Rate.
“Base Rate Refunding Loan” means a Base Rate Revolving Credit Loan made to satisfy Reimbursement Obligations arising from a drawing under a Letter of Credit.
“Benchmark” means, initially, with respect to any (i) RFR Loan, the Daily Simple SOFR, (ii) Term Benchmark Loan, the Term SOFR Rate or (iii) Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, the Term SOFR Rate; provided that if a Benchmark Transition Event, and the related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred with respect to the Daily Simple SOFR or Term SOFR Rate, as applicable, or the then-current Benchmark, then “Benchmark” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement to the extent that such Benchmark Replacement has replaced such prior benchmark rate pursuant to clause (b) of Section 4.2.
“Benchmark Replacement” means, for any Available Tenor, the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the Administrative Agent for the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date:
(1)    the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR;
(2)    the sum of: (a) the alternate benchmark rate that has been selected by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower as the replacement for the then-current Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a replacement benchmark rate or the mechanism for determining such a rate by the Relevant Governmental Body or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a benchmark rate as a replacement for the then-current Benchmark for dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities at such time in the United States and (b) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.
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If the Benchmark Replacement as determined pursuant to clause (1) or (2) above would be less than the Floor, the Benchmark Replacement will be deemed to be the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.        
“Benchmark Replacement Adjustment” means, with respect to any replacement of the then-current Benchmark with an Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for any applicable Interest Period and Available Tenor for any setting of such Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement, the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) that has been selected by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement by the Relevant Governmental Body on the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date and/or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities in the United States at such time.
“Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes” means, with respect to any Benchmark Replacement, any technical, administrative or operational changes (including changes to the definition of “Base Rate,” the definition of “Business Day,” the definition of “U.S. Government Securities Business Day,” the definition of “Interest Period,” timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest, timing of borrowing requests or prepayment, conversion or continuation notices, length of lookback periods, the applicability of breakage provisions, and other technical, administrative or operational matters) that the Administrative Agent decides in its reasonable discretion (in consultation with the Borrower) may be appropriate to reflect the adoption and implementation of such Benchmark and to permit the administration thereof by the Administrative Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the Administrative Agent decides that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the Administrative Agent determines that no market practice for the administration of such Benchmark exists, in such other manner of administration as the Administrative Agent decides is reasonably necessary in connection with the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, in each case, in consultation with the Borrower).
“Benchmark Replacement Date” means, with respect to any Benchmark, the earliest to occur of the following events with respect to such then-current Benchmark:
(1)    in the case of clause (1) or (2) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the later of (a) the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein and (b) the date on which the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) permanently or indefinitely ceases to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or
(2)    in the case of clause (3) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the first date on which such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) has been or, if such Benchmark is a term rate, all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or component thereof) have been determined and announced by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) to be no longer representative; provided, that such non-representativeness will be determined by reference to the most recent statement or publication referenced in such clause (3) and even if such Benchmark (or component thereof) or, if such Benchmark is a term rate, any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) continues to be provided on such date.
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For the avoidance of doubt, (i) if the event giving rise to the Benchmark Replacement Date occurs on the same day as, but earlier than, the Reference Time in respect of any determination, the Benchmark Replacement Date will be deemed to have occurred prior to the Reference Time for such determination and (ii) the “Benchmark Replacement Date” will be deemed to have occurred in the case of clause (1) or (2) with respect to any Benchmark upon the occurrence of the applicable event or events set forth therein with respect to all then-current Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).
“Benchmark Transition Event” means, with respect to any Benchmark, the occurrence of one or more of the following events with respect to such then-current Benchmark:
(1) a public statement or publication of information by or on behalf of the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof), permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such Benchmark (or component thereof) or, if such Benchmark is a term rate, any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof);
(2) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof), the Federal Reserve Board, the NYFRB, the CME Term SOFR Administrator, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component) or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), in each case, which states that the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component) has ceased or will cease to provide such Benchmark (or component thereof) or, if such Benchmark is a term rate, all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) permanently or indefinitely; provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such Benchmark (or component thereof) or, if such Benchmark is a term rate, any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or
(3) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that such Benchmark (or component thereof) or, if such Benchmark is a term rate, all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) are no longer, or as of a specified future date will no longer be, representative.
For the avoidance of doubt, a “Benchmark Transition Event” will be deemed to have occurred with respect to any Benchmark if a public statement or publication of information set forth above has occurred with respect to each then-current Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).

“Benchmark Unavailability Period” means, with respect to any Benchmark, the period (if any) (x) beginning at the time that a Benchmark Replacement Date pursuant to clauses (1) or (2) of that definition has occurred if, at such time, no Benchmark Replacement has replaced such then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 4.2 and (y) ending at the time that a Benchmark Replacement has replaced such then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 4.2.

“Beneficial Ownership Certification” means a certification regarding beneficial ownership or control as required by the Beneficial Ownership Regulation.
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“Beneficial Ownership Regulation” means 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230.

“Benefit Plan” means any of (a) an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) a “plan” as defined in Section 4975 of the Code to which Section 4975 of the Code applies, and (c) any Person whose assets include (for purposes of the Plan Asset Regulations or otherwise for purposes of Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) the assets of any such “employee benefit plan” or “plan.”

“BHC Act Affiliate” of a party means an “affiliate” (as such term is defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 1841(k)) of such party.

“Borrower” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
“Borrowing Notice” means the notice delivered by an Authorized Representative in connection with an Advance under the Revolving Credit Facility, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D.
“Business Day” means, any day (other than a Saturday or a Sunday) on which banks are open for business in New York City; provided that, in addition to the foregoing, a Business Day shall be any such day that is only a U.S. Government Securities Business Day (a) in relation to RFR Loans and any interest rate settings, fundings, disbursements, settlements or payments of any such RFR Loan, or any other dealings of such RFR Loan and (b) in relation to Loans referencing the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate and any interest rate settings, fundings, disbursements, settlements or payments of any such Loans referencing the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate or any other dealings of such Loans referencing the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate.
“Change in Control” means if any Person or group of Persons acting in concert, other than the Permitted Investors, shall own or control, directly or indirectly, more than 35% of the outstanding securities (on a fully diluted basis and taking into account any Voting Securities or contract rights exercisable, exchangeable or convertible into equity securities) of the Borrower having voting rights in the election of directors.
“Closing Date” means the date as of which this Agreement is executed by the Borrower, the Lenders and the Administrative Agent and on which the conditions set forth in Section 5.1 have been satisfied or waived.
“Closing Date Existing Issuing Banks” means those financial institutions which have issued the Closing Date Existing Letters of Credit, as described on Schedule 1.1(a) attached hereto.
“Closing Date Existing Letters of Credit” means those Letters of Credit issued by the Closing Date Existing Issuing Banks, which are outstanding on the Closing Date and which are described in Schedule 1.1(a) attached hereto.
“CME Term SOFR Administrator” means CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited as administrator of the forward-looking term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) (or a successor administrator).
“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, any successor provision or provisions and any regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Commitment” means, as to any Lender, the Revolving Credit Commitment of such Lender.
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“Communications” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 10.3(c).
“Competitive Bid Borrowing” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.5(b) hereof.
“Competitive Bid Facility” means the facility described in Section 2.5 hereof providing for Competitive Bid Loans to the Borrower.
“Competitive Bid Loans” means the Loans bearing interest at an Absolute Rate or a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate provided for in Section 2.5 hereof.
“Competitive Bid Quote” means an offer in accordance with Section 2.5 hereof by a Revolving Credit Lender to make a Competitive Bid Loan with one single specified interest rate.
“Competitive Bid Quote Request” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.5(b) hereof.
“Compliance Certificate” means a certificate in the form of Exhibit E furnished to the Administrative Agent and Lenders by the Borrower pursuant to Section 7.1 hereof.

“Consenting Party” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.19(b) hereof.
“Consolidated EBITDA” means, with respect to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for any period of computation thereof during such period, the sum of, without duplication, (i) Consolidated Net Income, plus (ii) Consolidated Interest Expense during such period, plus (iii) taxes on income during such period, plus (iv) amortization during such period, plus (v) depreciation during such period (excluding depreciation on any Vehicles other than Vehicles used for operational purposes), plus (vi) non-cash charges arising from share-based payments (as defined in accordance with GAAP) to employees and directors, plus (vii) to the extent reflected as a charge in the statement of Consolidated Net Income for such period, the amortization or expense of all premiums, fees and expenses payable to the extent related to Indebtedness, plus (viii) to the extent reflected as a charge in the statement of Consolidated Net Income for such period, any non-cash impairment charge or asset write-off of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries to the extent reflected as a charge pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 350 “Intangibles -- Goodwill and Other” or FASB ASC Topic 360 “Property, Plant and Equipment” and the amortization of intangibles or non-cash write-off of assets arising pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 805 “Business Combinations” and any non-cash impairment charge related to the estimate of expected credit losses pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 326 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses” (or any revisions or successor standards with respect to such FASB ASC Topics covering substantially the same subject matter), plus (ix) to the extent reflected as a charge or realized or unrealized loss in the statement of Consolidated Net Income for such period, any downward adjustment, realized loss or non-cash impairment charge related to any equity investment pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 321 “Investments – Equity Securities” (or any revisions or successor standards with respect to such FASB ASC Topics covering substantially the same subject matter), plus (x) to the extent reflected as a charge in the statement of Consolidated Net Income for such period, all fees, cash and non-cash charges, and other cash expenses associated with the exit or disposal of a business, minus (xi) to the extent reflected as a realized or unrealized gain in the statement of Consolidated Net Income for such period, any upward adjustment or realized gain related to any equity investment pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 321 “Investments – Equity Securities” (or any revisions or successor standards with respect to such FASB ASC Topics covering substantially the same subject matter) and minus (xii) to the extent reflected as income in the statement of Consolidated Net Income for such period, any reduction in the estimate of expected credit losses pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 326 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses” (or any revisions or successor standards with respect to such FASB ASC Topics covering substantially the same subject matter); the foregoing to be determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP subject to the Acquisition Adjustments.
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“Consolidated Funded Indebtedness” means Funded Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.
“Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio” means, as at the date of computation thereof, the ratio of (a) Consolidated EBITDA for any period of computation ended on, or most recently ended prior to, such date, minus any Consolidated Interest Expense related to Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness for such period, to (b) Adjusted Consolidated Interest Expense for such period of computation.
“Consolidated Interest Expense” means, with respect to any period of computation thereof, the gross interest expense of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, including without limitation (i) the amortization of debt discounts and (ii) the portion of any liabilities incurred in connection with Finance Leases allocable to interest expense, all determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, subject to the Acquisition Adjustments.
“Consolidated Leverage Ratio” means, as at the date of computation thereof, the ratio of (a) Consolidated Funded Indebtedness (determined as at such date) to (b) Adjusted Consolidated EBITDA (for the Four-Quarter Period ending on (or most recently ended prior to) such date).
“Consolidated Net Income” means, for any period of computation thereof, the net income from continuing operations of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, but excluding all significant unusual or infrequently occurring items, all as determined in accordance with GAAP, subject to Acquisition Adjustments.
“Consolidated Tangible Assets” means Consolidated Total Assets minus (i) all current liabilities of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries reflected in the consolidated balance sheet for the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Borrower for which a consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is available (excluding any current liabilities for borrowed money having a maturity of less than 12 months but by its terms being renewable or extendible beyond 12 months from such date at the option of the Borrower) and (ii) all goodwill, tradenames, trademarks, patents, unamortized debt discount and expense and other like intangible assets of such Person and its Subsidiaries reflected in such balance sheet, in each case calculated on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.
“Consolidated Total Assets” means the total assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as determined as of the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Borrower for which a consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is available, calculated on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.
“Continue”, “Continuation”, and “Continued” shall refer to the continuation pursuant to Section 2.12 hereof of a Loan of one Type as a Loan of the same Type from one Interest Period to the next Interest Period.
“Control Investment Affiliate” means, as to any Person, any other Person that (a) directly or indirectly, is in control of, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person and (b) is organized by such Person primarily for the purpose of making equity or debt investments in one or more companies.
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For purposes of this definition, “control” of a Person means the power, directly or indirectly, to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person whether by contract or otherwise.
“Convert”, “Conversion”, and “Converted” shall refer to a conversion pursuant to Section 2.12 of one Type of Loan into another Type of Loan.
“Corresponding Tenor” with respect to any Available Tenor means, as applicable, either a tenor (including overnight) or an interest payment period having approximately the same length (disregarding business day adjustment) as such Available Tenor.
“Covered Entity” means any of the following:
(a)    a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b);

(b)    a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or

(c)    a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b).

“Covered Party” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 11.22.
“Credit Party” means the Administrative Agent, each Issuing Bank or any other Lender.
“Daily Simple SOFR” means, for any day (a “SOFR Rate Day”), a rate per annum equal to SOFR for the day (such day “SOFR Determination Date”) that is three (3) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to (i) if such SOFR Rate Day is a U.S. Government Securities Business Day, such SOFR Rate Day or (ii) if such SOFR Rate Day is not a U.S. Government Securities Business Day, the U.S. Government Securities Business Day immediately preceding such SOFR Rate Day, in each case, as such SOFR is published by the SOFR Administrator on the SOFR Administrator’s Website. Any change in Daily Simple SOFR due to a change in SOFR shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in SOFR without notice to the Borrower. If by 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the second (2nd) U.S. Government Securities Business Day immediately following any SOFR Determination Date, SOFR in respect of such SOFR Determination Date has not been published on the SOFR Administrator’s Website and a Benchmark Replacement Date with respect to the Daily Simple SOFR has not occurred, then SOFR for such SOFR Determination Date will be SOFR as published in respect of the first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day for which such SOFR was published on the SOFR Administrator’s Website.
“Declining Party” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.19(b) hereof.
“Default” means any event or condition which, with the giving or receipt of notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default hereunder.
“Default Rate” means an interest rate equal to (a) with respect to a Base Rate Loan under the Revolving Credit Facility, the Base Rate otherwise applicable to such Loan plus 2% per annum; (b) with respect to a Term Benchmark Loan under the Revolving Credit Facility, the Term Benchmark Rate otherwise applicable to such Loan plus 2% per annum; (c) with respect to a Competitive Bid Loan under the Revolving Credit Facility, the Absolute Rate or Term Benchmark Competitive Rate otherwise applicable to such Loan plus 2% per annum; and (d) with respect to an RFR Loan under the Revolving Credit Facility, the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR plus 2% per annum; in each case to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
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“Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.
“Defaulting Lender” means any Lender, as reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent, that (a) in the case of any Revolving Credit Lender, has (i) failed to fund any portion of its Revolving Credit Loans or Participations in Letters of Credit within three (3) Business Days of the date required to be funded by it hereunder and such failure is continuing unless such Lender notifies the Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing that such failure is the result of such Lender’s good faith determination that one or more conditions precedent to funding (each of which conditions precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing) has not been satisfied, (ii) notified the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender in writing that it does not intend to comply with any of its funding obligations under this Agreement or has made a public statement to the effect that it does not intend to comply with its funding obligations under this Agreement or generally under other agreements in which it commits to extend credit (unless such writing or public statement relates to such Lender’s obligation to fund a Revolving Credit Loan hereunder and states that such position is based on such Lender’s good faith determination that a condition precedent to funding (which condition precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing or public statement) cannot be satisfied), (iii) failed, within three (3) Business Days after receipt of request by the Administrative Agent or the Borrower, to confirm that it will comply with the terms of this Agreement relating to its obligations to fund prospective Revolving Credit Loans and Participations in then outstanding Letters of Credit (provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (iii) upon receipt of such written confirmation by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower), or (iv) otherwise failed to pay over to the Administrative Agent or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder within three Business Days of the date when due, unless the subject of a good faith dispute, or (b) in the case of any Lender, has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, (i) become the subject of a proceeding under any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, liquidation, conservatorship, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, receivership, rearrangement, or similar debtor relief law of the United States or other applicable jurisdictions from time to time in effect, or has had a receiver, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit creditors or similar Persons, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other state or federal regulatory authority acting in such capacity, charged with organization or liquidation of its business or custodian appointed for it, or has taken any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any such proceeding or appointment, unless, in the case of any Lender referred to in this clause (b)(i), the Borrower and the Administrative Agent shall be satisfied that such Lender intends, and has all approvals required to enable it, to continue to perform its obligations as a Lender hereunder or (ii) become the subject of a Bail-In Action; provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any equity interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority so long as such ownership interest does not result in or provide such Lender with immunity from jurisdiction of courts of the United States or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment of its assets or permit such Lender (or such Governmental Authority or instrumentality) to reject, repudiate, disavow, or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made with such Lender.
“Dollars” and the symbol “$” means dollars constituting legal tender for the payment of public and private debts in the United States of America.
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“EEA Financial Institution” means (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.
“EEA Member Country” means any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.
“EEA Resolution Authority” means any public administrative authority or any Person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.
“Electronic Signature” means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to, or associated with, a contract or other record and adopted by a Person with the intent to sign, authenticate or accept such contract or record.
“Eligible Special Purpose Entity” means any Person which is or is not a Subsidiary of the Borrower which has been formed by or for the benefit of the Borrower or any Subsidiary or any Person acquired by the Borrower or any Subsidiary for the purpose of (i) financing or refinancing, leasing, selling or securitizing Vehicles or related receivables and which finances, refinances or securitizes Vehicles or related receivables of, leases Vehicles to or purchases Vehicles or related receivables from the Borrower or any Subsidiary or any Person acquired by the Borrower or any Subsidiary; or (ii) financing or refinancing consumer receivables, leases, loans or retail installment contracts; provided that AutoNation Financial Services Corp. shall not be deemed an Eligible Special Purpose Entity.
“Employee Benefit Plan” means (i) any employee benefit plan, including any Pension Plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA which (A) is maintained for employees of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA Affiliates or is assumed by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA Affiliates in connection with any Acquisition or (B) has at any time within the last six (6) years been maintained for the employees of the Borrower or any current or former Subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate and (ii) any plan, arrangement, understanding or scheme maintained by the Borrower or any Subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate that provides retirement, deferred compensation, employee or retiree medical or life insurance, severance benefits or any other benefit covering any employee or former employee and which is administered under any Foreign Benefit Law or regulated by any Governmental Authority other than the United States of America.
“Environmental Laws” means, collectively, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended, the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, as amended, the Clean Air Act, as amended, the Clean Water Act, as amended, any other “Superfund” or “Superlien” law or any other applicable statute, law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, order or decree, of the United States or any foreign nation or any province, territory, state, protectorate or other political subdivision thereof, regulating, relating to, or imposing liability or standards of conduct concerning, any hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance or material.
“ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
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“ERISA Affiliate” means any (a) Person or trade or business which is a member of a group which is under common control with the Borrower or any Subsidiary, which together with the Borrower or any Subsidiary, is treated as a single employer within the meaning of Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code or, solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code or (b) entity, whether or not incorporated, that is under common control, within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(14) of ERISA, with the Borrower or any Subsidiary.
“ERISA Event” means any of the following: (a) a Termination Event; (b) the failure to meet the minimum funding standard of Section 412 of the Code with respect to any Pension Plan (whether or not waived in accordance with Section 412(c) of the Code) or the failure to make by its due date a required installment under Section 430(j) of the Code with respect to any Pension Plan or the failure to make any required contribution to a Multiemployer Plan; or (c) the imposition of any liability under Title IV of ERISA, other than PBGC premiums due but not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA, upon the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate.
“Escrow Indebtedness” means Indebtedness (a) incurred in connection with any Acquisition or investment for so long as the proceeds thereof have been irrevocably deposited or are otherwise held in trust or under an escrow or other funding arrangement with a trustee or other agent under or with respect to such Indebtedness to secure such Indebtedness pending the application of such proceeds to finance such Acquisition or investment or (b) to the extent and for so long as funds or securities have been irrevocably deposited or are otherwise held in trust or under an escrow or other funding arrangement with a trustee or other agent under or with respect to such Indebtedness for the sole purpose of repurchasing, redeeming, defeasing, repaying, satisfying and discharging or otherwise acquiring or retiring such Indebtedness.
“EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule” means the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor Person), as in effect from time to time.
“Event of Default” means any of the occurrences set forth as such in Section 9.1 hereof, provided that any requirement for notice or lapse of time, or both, has been satisfied.
“Excluded Subsidiaries” means, collectively, (a) all Eligible Special Purpose Entities, (b) each Subsidiary organized solely for the purpose of engaging in the insurance business, (c) any Subsidiary organized or incorporated outside of the United States and (d) any Immaterial Subsidiary.
“Excluded Taxes” means any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to the Lender or the Administrative Agent or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Lender or the Administrative Agent, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), franchise Taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of the Lender or the Administrative Agent being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its applicable lending office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes, (b) in the case of a Lender, U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to or for the account of such Lender with respect to an applicable interest in a Loan or Commitment pursuant to a law in effect on the date on which (i) such Lender acquires such interest in the Loan or Commitment (other than pursuant to an assignment request by the Borrower under Section 4.7) or (ii) such Lender changes its lending office, except in each case to the extent that, pursuant to Section 4.6, amounts with respect to such Taxes were payable either to such Lender’s assignor immediately before such Lender became a party hereto or to such Lender immediately before it changed its lending office, (c) Taxes attributable to the Lender or Administrative Agent’s failure to comply with Section 4.6(d) and (d) any U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA.
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“Existing Credit Agreement” means the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 26, 2020, by and among the Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and the other financial institutions party thereto (as amended by the First Amendment, dated as of September 29, 2022, as amended by the Second Amendment, dated as of March 2, 2023 and as may be further amended, supplemented or otherwise modified prior to the Closing Date).
“Existing Revolving Credit Loans” means the Revolving Credit Loans (as defined in the Existing Credit Agreement) outstanding on the Closing Date immediately prior to the effectiveness of this Agreement.
“Existing Vehicle Lenders” means those financial institutions listed on Schedule 1.1(c).
“Existing Vehicle Secured Indebtedness” means Indebtedness arising under new and used floorplan financing arrangements secured by new and used vehicles and related assets with the Existing Vehicle Lenders described on Schedule 1.1(c).
“Exiting Lender” means each Lender as defined in and under the Existing Credit Agreement which is not a Lender under this Agreement on the Closing Date.
“Extension Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.19(b) hereof.
“Facility” means each of the Revolving Credit Facility and any tranche of Added Term Loans established pursuant to Section 2.18, as applicable.
“Facility Guaranty” means each Guaranty Agreement between one or more Guarantors and the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, delivered pursuant to Section 7.18, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented.
“Facility Termination Date” means such date as all of the following shall have occurred: (a) termination of the Revolving Credit Facility, the Letter of Credit Facility, the Competitive Bid Facility and payment in full of all Revolving Credit Outstandings, the outstanding principal of all Competitive Bid Loans and, except as provided in clause (b), all Letter of Credit Outstandings, together with all accrued and unpaid interest and fees thereon, (b) the undrawn portion of Letters of Credit and all letter of credit fees relating thereto accruing after such date to the respective expiry dates of the Letters of Credit (which fees shall be payable solely for the account of the applicable Issuing Bank and shall be computed based on interest rates and the Applicable Term Benchmark Margin then in effect) shall be fully cash collateralized in a manner consistent with the terms of Section 9.1(B) or otherwise provided for pursuant to arrangements satisfactory to the applicable Issuing Bank; and (c) the Borrower shall have fully paid and satisfied in full all other Obligations then due and owing (except for Obligations consisting of continuing indemnities and other contingent Obligations that may be owing to any Agent-Related Person or any Lender pursuant to the Loan Documents that expressly survive termination of this Agreement).
“FASB” means the Financial Accounting Standards Board.
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“FATCA” means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and any fiscal or regulatory legislation, rules or practices adopted pursuant to any intergovernmental agreement, treaty or convention among Governmental Authorities and implementing such Sections of the Code.
“Federal Funds Effective Rate” means, for any day, the rate calculated by the NYFRB based on such day’s federal funds transactions by depositary institutions, as determined in such manner as shall be set forth on the NYFRB’s Website from time to time, and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the NYFRB as the effective federal funds rate; provided that if the Federal Funds Effective Rate as so determined would be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for the purposes of this Agreement.
“Federal Reserve Board” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States of America.
“Finance Leases” means all leases which have been or should be classified as finance leases in accordance with GAAP (pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 842 “Leases”).
“Fiscal Year” means the period of the Borrower beginning on the first day of January of each calendar year and ending on December 31 of such calendar year.
“Floor” means the benchmark rate floor, if any, provided in this Agreement initially (as of the execution of this Agreement, the modification, amendment or renewal of this Agreement or otherwise) with respect to the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate or the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt the initial Floor for each of Adjusted Term SOFR Rate or the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR shall be zero.
“Foreign Benefit Law” means any applicable statute, law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, order or decree of any foreign nation or any province, state, territory, protectorate or other political subdivision thereof regulating, relating to, or imposing liability or standards of conduct concerning, any Employee Benefit Plan.
“Four-Quarter Period” means a period of four full consecutive fiscal quarterly periods for which financial statements have been or are required to have been delivered pursuant to Section 7.1, taken together as one accounting period.
“Funded Indebtedness” means, with respect to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, without duplication, all indebtedness in respect of money borrowed, including without limitation all Finance Leases and the deferred purchase price of any property or asset, evidenced by a promissory note, bond or similar written obligation for the payment of money (including, but not limited to, conditional sales or similar title retention agreements), all determined in accordance with GAAP, and all undrawn amounts of letters of credit in excess of $150,000,000 in the aggregate, Guaranty Obligations (excluding Guaranty Obligations with respect to obligations of Subsidiaries that are not Funded Indebtedness) and any reimbursement obligations under letters of credit; provided, Escrow Indebtedness (but solely for so long as such Indebtedness constitutes Escrow Indebtedness), Vehicle Secured Indebtedness and Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness shall be excluded from Funded Indebtedness; and provided, further, that upon the defeasance or satisfaction and discharge of Funded Indebtedness in accordance with the terms of such Funded Indebtedness, such Funded Indebtedness shall cease to be “Funded Indebtedness” hereunder (for the avoidance of doubt, including upon the giving or mailing of a notice of redemption and redemption funds being irrevocably deposited or otherwise held in trust or under an escrow or other funding arrangement with a trustee or other agent for the sole purpose of repurchasing, redeeming, defeasing, repaying, satisfying and discharging or otherwise acquiring or retiring such Indebtedness).
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“GAAP” means those principles of accounting set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC), rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and principles set forth by other authoritative sources of GAAP as established in FASB ASC Topic 105 “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” as such principles are from time to time supplemented and amended.
“Governmental Authority” shall mean any Federal, state, municipal, national or other governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality or political subdivision thereof, any central bank or any entity or officer exercising executive, legislative or judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to any government, any court or any arbitrator, in each case whether a state of the United States, the United States or foreign nation, state, province or other governmental instrumentality.
“Guarantor Release” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 11.17.
“Guarantors” means, at any date and to the extent required pursuant to Section 7.18, the Subsidiaries which are required to be parties to a Facility Guaranty at such date.
“Guaranty Obligation” means, as to any Person, any (a) guaranty by such Person of Indebtedness of, or other obligation payable by, any other Person or (b) assurance, agreement, letter of responsibility, letter of awareness, undertaking or arrangement given by such Person to an obligee of any other Person with respect to the payment of an obligation by, or the financial condition of, such other Person, whether direct or indirect or contingent, including any purchase or repurchase agreement covering such obligation or any collateral security therefor, any agreement to provide funds (by means of loans, capital contributions or otherwise) to such other Person, any agreement to support the solvency or level of any balance sheet item of such other Person or any “keep-well” or other arrangement of whatever nature given for the purpose of assuring or holding harmless such obligee against loss with respect to any obligation of such other Person; provided, however, that the term Guaranty Obligation shall not include endorsements of instruments for deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business. The amount of any Guaranty Obligation shall be computed at the amount which, in the light of all facts and circumstances existing at the time, represents the present value of the amount which can reasonably be expected to become an actual or matured liability.
“Hazardous Material” means and includes any pollutant, contaminant, or hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance or material (including without limitation petroleum products, asbestos-containing materials and lead), the generation, handling, storage, transportation, disposal, treatment, release, discharge or emission of which is subject to any Environmental Law due to its deleterious properties.
“Immaterial Subsidiary” means at any time, any Subsidiary of the Borrower (i) having aggregate total assets (as determined in accordance with GAAP) in an amount of less than 5% of Consolidated Total Assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter for which financial statements are available and (ii) contributing in the aggregate less than 5% to Consolidated EBITDA for the most recent period of four consecutive fiscal quarters for which financial statements are available. In the event that total assets of all Immaterial Subsidiaries exceed 10% of Consolidated Total Assets as of the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter for which financial statements are available or the total contribution to Consolidated EBITDA of all Immaterial Subsidiaries exceeds 10% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recent period of four consecutive fiscal quarters for which financial statements are available, as the case may be, the Borrower will designate Subsidiaries which would otherwise constitute Immaterial Subsidiaries to be excluded from qualifying as Immaterial Subsidiaries until the total assets and total contribution to Consolidated EBITDA of all Subsidiaries constituting Immaterial Subsidiaries are, in each case, less than or equal to such 10% thresholds.
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“Increased Commitment Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.18 hereof.
“Increasing Revolving Credit Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.18 hereof.
“Indebtedness” means with respect to any Person, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, including all Funded Indebtedness, all Vehicle Secured Indebtedness, all Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness, and all Rate Hedging Obligations (but excluding any premiums, fees and deposits received in the ordinary course of business), (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property acquired by such Person, (d) all obligations of such Person in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding current accounts payable or other like obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business), (e) all Indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the Indebtedness secured thereby has been assumed, (f) all Guaranty Obligations of such Person with respect to Indebtedness of others described in clauses (a) through (i) (other than this clause (f)) of this definition, (g) all Finance Lease obligations of such Person, (h) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person as an account party in respect of letters of credit and (i) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of bankers’ acceptances.
“Indemnified Liabilities” has the meaning therefor provided in Section 11.9.
“Indemnified Taxes” means (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in (a), Other Taxes.
“Interest Period” (a) for each Term Benchmark Loan means a period commencing on the date such Term Benchmark Loan is made or Converted or Continued and each subsequent period commencing on the last day of the immediately preceding Interest Period for such Term Benchmark Loan, and ending, at the Borrower’s option, on the date one, three or six months thereafter, as notified to the Administrative Agent by the Authorized Representative three (3) Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period; provided, that,
(i)    if the Authorized Representative fails to notify the Administrative Agent of the length of an Interest Period three (3) Business Days prior to the first day of such Interest Period, the Loan for which such Interest Period was to be determined shall be deemed to be a Base Rate Loan bearing interest at the Base Rate, as of the first day thereof;
(ii)    if an Interest Period for a Term Benchmark Loan would end on a day which is not a Business Day such Interest Period shall be extended to the next Business Day (unless such extension would cause the applicable Interest Period to end in the succeeding calendar month, in which case such Interest Period shall end on the immediately preceding Business Day);
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(iii)    any Interest Period that commences on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the last calendar month of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of the last calendar month of such Interest Period;
(iv)    no tenor that has been removed from this definition pursuant to Section 4.2(e) shall be available for specification in any notice delivered pursuant to Section 2.4(c) or Section 2.12; and
(v)    on any day, with respect to all Revolving Credit Loans and Competitive Bid Loans, there shall not be in effect more than ten (10) Interest Periods;
(b)    for each Competitive Bid Loan at an Absolute Rate means the period commencing on the date of such Loan and ending on such date as may be mutually agreed upon by the Borrower and the Lender or Lenders making such Competitive Bid Loan or Loans, as the case may be, comprising such Competitive Bid Loan; provided that no Interest Period for a Competitive Bid Loan at an Absolute Rate shall be for a period of less than seven (7) or greater than ninety (90) days; and
(c)    for each Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate means the period commencing on the date such Competitive Bid Loan is made and ending, at the Borrower’s option, on the date one, three, six or (to the extent available) twelve months thereafter as notified by the Borrower to such Lender by the Authorized Representative three (3) Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period; provided that if an Interest Period for such Loan would end on a day which is not a Business Day, such Interest Period shall be extended to the next Business Day (unless such extension would cause the applicable Interest Period to end in the succeeding calendar month, in which case such Interest Period shall end in the immediately preceding Business Day).
“Interest Rate Selection Notice” means the written notice delivered by an Authorized Representative in connection with the election of a subsequent Interest Period for any Term Benchmark Loan or Competitive Bid Loan bearing interest at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or the Conversion of any Term Benchmark Rate Loan or Competitive Bid Loan bearing interest at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate into a Base Rate Loan or an RFR Loan or the Conversion of any Base Rate Loan or an RFR Loan into a Term Benchmark Rate Loan or Competitive Bid Loan bearing interest at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, in the form of Exhibit F.
“Issuing Banks” means the Lenders who agree from time to time (upon the request of Borrower) to issue (provided that no Lender shall be obligated to do so) Letters of Credit (including the Closing Date Existing Issuing Banks) in accordance with Section 3.1 and “Issuing Bank” means any one of such Issuing Banks.
“JPMorgan Chase Bank” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
“LCA Election” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.7.
“LCA Test Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.7.
“Lender” shall as of any date have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto so long as such Lender still holds a Revolving Credit Loan, a Revolving Credit Commitment or an Added Term Loan as of such date.
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“Letter of Credit” means (a) a standby letter of credit issued by an Issuing Bank for the account of the Borrower in favor of a Person advancing credit or securing an obligation on behalf of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and (b) each of the Closing Date Existing Letters of Credit.
“Letter of Credit Commitment” means with respect to each Revolving Credit Lender, the obligation of such Lender to acquire Letter of Credit Participations up to an aggregate stated amount at any one time outstanding equal to such Lender’s Revolving Percentage of the Total Letter of Credit Commitment as the same may by increased or decreased from time to time pursuant to this Agreement.
“Letter of Credit Facility” means the facility described in Article III hereof providing for the issuance by the Issuing Banks for the account of the Borrower of Letters of Credit in an aggregate stated amount at any time outstanding not exceeding the Total Letter of Credit Commitment.
“Letter of Credit Outstandings” means all undrawn amounts of Letters of Credit plus Reimbursement Obligations.
“Liabilities” means any losses, claims (including intraparty claims), demands, damages or liabilities of any kind.
“Lien” means any interest in property securing any obligation owed to, or a claim by, a Person other than the owner of the property, whether such interest is based on the common law, statute or contract, and including but not limited to the lien or security interest arising from a mortgage, encumbrance, pledge, security agreement, conditional sale or trust receipt or a lease, consignment or bailment for security purposes. For the purposes of this Agreement, the Borrower and its Subsidiaries shall be deemed to be the owners of any property which either of them have acquired or hold subject to a conditional sale agreement, financing lease, or other arrangement pursuant to which title to the property has been retained by or vested in some other Person for security purposes.
“Limited Condition Acquisition” means an Acquisition the consummation of which is not conditioned on the availability of, or on obtaining, third party financing.
“Limited Condition Acquisition Agreement Representations” means each representation and warranty made by the seller, the target and their respective subsidiaries or affiliates, as applicable, in the definitive documentation for a Limited Condition Acquisition that is material to the interests of the Added Term Lenders, but only to the extent that the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, as applicable, has the right to terminate its obligations (or otherwise decline to consummate such Limited Condition Acquisition) under such definitive documentation as a result of a breach of the applicable representation or warranty (determined without regard as to whether any notice is required to be delivered by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, as applicable, pursuant to such documentation).
“Loan” or “Loans” means any of the Revolving Credit Loans, Competitive Bid Loans or Added Term Loans.
“Loan Documents” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Applications and Agreements for Letters of Credit and any Facility Guaranty (to the extent required pursuant to Section 7.18), in each case, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, and including any amendments, modifications or supplements thereto or waivers thereof.
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“Loan Parties” means the collective reference to the Borrower and, to the extent required pursuant to Section 7.18, the Guarantors.
“Manufacturer” means a vehicle manufacturer or distributor which is party to a dealer agreement, franchise agreement or framework agreement with, or binding upon, the Borrower or any Retail Subsidiary.
“Manufacturer Consents” means, collectively, (a) those consent letters described on Schedule 1.1(b) attached hereto on the date hereof, and (b) any additional written consent by a Manufacturer to the Loan Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby which consent is added to Schedule 1.1(b) and is in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.
“Margin Stock” means capital stock issued by the Borrower that (i) constitutes “margin stock” within the meaning of such term under Regulation U as now or from time to time hereafter in effect and (ii) would, taking into account all other “margin stock” (within the meaning of such term under Regulation U as now or from time to time hereafter in effect) held by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, cause the value of all such “margin stock” to exceed 25% of the value of all assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries that directly or indirectly secure (within the meaning of Regulation U) the Obligations.
“Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on (i) the business, properties, operations or financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (ii) the ability of the Borrower to pay or perform its payment obligations under the Loan Documents to which it is a party as such payment becomes due in accordance with the terms thereof, or (iii) the rights, powers and remedies of the Administrative Agent or any Lender under the Loan Documents, taken as a whole, or the validity, legality or enforceability thereof, taken as a whole.
“Material Credit Facilities” means (i) credit facilities with banks, other financial institutions or institutional lenders providing for revolving credit loans or term loans (other than the Revolving Credit Facility), (ii) note purchase agreements and indentures providing for the issuance of debt securities or (iii) agreements that refinance any debt incurred under any arrangement or agreement described in clause (i) or (ii) or this clause (iii), including in each case any successor or replacement arrangement, arrangements, agreement or agreements; provided that “Material Credit Facilities” shall not include (a) any such arrangement or agreement described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above, in each case in an aggregate principal amount less than or equal to $125,000,000, (b) any trade payables and other current liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business or (c) any Vehicle Secured Indebtedness and any Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness.
“Material Step-Up Acquisition” means an Acquisition (i) the cash consideration for which is equal to or greater than $500,000,000 and (ii) which is funded with proceeds of Indebtedness permitted under this Agreement, after giving pro forma effect to any increase in the maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio due to such Acquisition.
“Mortgage Facilities” means one or more debt facilities with banks, manufacturers and/or other entities providing for borrowings by the Borrower or a Subsidiary secured primarily by real estate, in each case as such facilities are amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.
“Multiemployer Plan” means a “multiemployer plan” as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA to which the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate is making, or is accruing an obligation to make, contributions or has made, or been obligated to make, contributions within the preceding six (6) Fiscal Years.
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“Notes” means the collective reference to any promissory note evidencing Loans.
“NYFRB” means the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
“NYFRB’s Website” means the website of the NYFRB at http://www.newyorkfed.org, or any successor source.
“NYFRB Rate” means, for any day, the greater of (a) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day and (b) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate in effect on such day (or for any day that is not a Business Day, for the immediately preceding Business Day); provided that if none of such rates are published for any day that is a Business Day, the term “NYFRB Rate” means the rate for a federal funds transaction quoted at 11:00 a.m. on such day received by the Administrative Agent from a federal funds broker of recognized standing selected by it; provided, further, that if any of the aforesaid rates as so determined shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.
“Obligations” means the obligations, liabilities and Indebtedness of the Borrower with respect to (i) the principal and interest on the Loans, (ii) the Reimbursement Obligations and (iii) the payment and performance of all other obligations, liabilities and Indebtedness of the Borrower hereunder, under any one or more of the other Loan Documents or with respect to the Loans or Letters of Credit.
“Operating Documents” means with respect to any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership or other legally authorized incorporated or unincorporated entity, the bylaws, operating agreement, partnership agreement, limited partnership agreement or other applicable documents relating to the operation, governance or management of such entity.
“Organizational Action” means with respect to any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership or other legally authorized incorporated or unincorporated entity, any corporate, organizational or partnership action (including any required shareholder, member or partner action), or other similar action, as applicable, taken by such entity.
“Organizational Documents” means with respect to any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership or other legally authorized incorporated or unincorporated entity, the articles of incorporation, certificate of incorporation, articles of organization, certificate of limited partnership, certificate of formation or other applicable organizational or charter documents relating to the creation of such entity.
“Original Stated Termination Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.19(c) hereof.
“Other Connection Taxes” means, with respect to any Lender or the Administrative Agent, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Lender or the Administrative Agent and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising solely from such Lender or the Administrative Agent having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned any interest in any Loan or Loan Document).
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“Other Taxes” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.6(b) hereof.
“Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations” means the sum of (i) the Revolving Credit Outstandings, (ii) Letter of Credit Outstandings, and (iii) outstanding Competitive Bid Loans, all as at the date of determination thereof.
“Overnight Bank Funding Rate” means, for any day, the rate comprised of both overnight federal funds and overnight eurodollar transactions denominated in Dollars by U.S.-managed banking offices of depository institutions, as such composite rate shall be determined by the NYFRB as set forth on the NYFRB’s Website from time to time, and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the NYFRB as an overnight bank funding rate.
“Participation” means, with respect to any Revolving Credit Lender (other than the applicable Issuing Bank with respect to a Letter of Credit), the extension of credit represented by the participation of such Lender hereunder in the liability of the applicable Issuing Bank in respect of Letters of Credit issued, and the rights of the applicable Issuing Bank in respect of Reimbursement Obligations, all in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Payment” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 10.6(c).
“Payment Notice” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 10.6(c).
“PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation and any successor thereto.
“Pension Plan” means any employee pension benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA, other than a Multiemployer Plan, which is subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA and which (i) is maintained for employees of the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate or is assumed by the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate in connection with any Acquisition or (ii) has at any time during the last six (6) years been maintained for the employees of the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any current or former ERISA Affiliate.
“Permitted Acquisition” means an Acquisition effected with the consent and approval of the Board of Directors (or the appropriate committee thereof) or other applicable governing body of such Person being acquired and the duly obtained approval of such shareholders or other holders of equity interests in such Person as may be required to be obtained under applicable law, the charter documents of or any shareholder agreements or similar agreements pertaining to such Person, which Person derives the majority of its revenues from Automobile Retailing Activities.
“Permitted Indebtedness” means (i) the endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business and (ii) Indebtedness owing to the Borrower or a Subsidiary.
“Permitted Investor” means each Person and each of its Control Investment Affiliates that, on November 1, 2011, together own more than 10% of the outstanding securities of the Borrower having voting rights in the election of directors.
“Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated organization, association, joint venture, other entity or a government or agency or political subdivision thereof.
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“Plan Asset Regulations” means 29 CFR § 2510.3-101 et seq., as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, as amended from time to time.
“Pricing Grid” means the applicable table set forth below setting forth the number of basis points to be utilized in calculating each of (i) the Applicable Term Benchmark Margin with respect to any Loan, (ii) the Applicable RFR Margin with respect to any Loan, (ii) the Applicable Base Rate Margin with respect to any Loan and (iii) the Applicable Commitment Fee.
Consolidated
Leverage Ratio
Applicable Commitment Fee Applicable Term Benchmark Margin / Applicable RFR Margin Applicable Base Rate Margin
Greater than or equal to 3.25 to 1.00 20.0 150.0 50.0
Greater than or equal to 2.00 to 1.00 but less than 3.25 to 1.00 17.5 137.5 37.5
Greater than or equal to 1.50 to 1.00 but less than 2.00 to 1.00 15.0 125.0 25.0
Less than 1.50 to 1.00 12.5 112.5 12.5

For the purposes of the Pricing Grid set forth above, changes in the rates set forth therein resulting from changes in the Consolidated Leverage Ratio shall become effective on the date that is three Business Days after the date on which financial statements and a Compliance Certificate are delivered to the Lenders pursuant to Section 7.1 and shall remain in effect until the next change to be effected pursuant to this paragraph. If any financial statements or the Compliance Certificate referred to above are not delivered within the time periods specified in Section 7.1, then, until the date that is three Business Days after the date on which such financial statements and Compliance Certificate are delivered, the highest rate set forth in each column of such Pricing Grid shall apply. Each determination of the Consolidated Leverage Ratio pursuant to such Pricing Grid shall be made in a manner consistent with the determination thereof pursuant to Section 8.1.
“Prime Rate” means the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the “Prime Rate” in the U.S. or, if The Wall Street Journal ceases to quote such rate, the highest per annum interest rate published by the Federal Reserve Board in Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (519) (Selected Interest Rates) as the “bank prime loan” rate or, if such rate is no longer quoted therein, any similar rate quoted therein (as determined by the Administrative Agent) or any similar release by the Federal Reserve Board (as determined by the Administrative Agent). Each change in the Prime Rate shall be effective from and including the date such change is publicly announced or quoted as being effective.
“Principal Office” means the office of the Administrative Agent at JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Loan & Agency, 500 Stanton Christiana Road, 3rd Floor, Newark, Delaware 19713, or such other office and address as the Administrative Agent may from time to time designate.
“PTE” means a prohibited transaction class exemption issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, as any such exemption may be amended from time to time.
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“QFC” has the meaning assigned to the term “qualified financial contract” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 5390(c)(8)(D).
“QFC Credit Support” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 11.22.
“Quotation Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.5(b) hereof.
“Rate Hedge Value” means, with respect to each contract, instrument or other arrangement creating a Rate Hedging Obligation, the net obligations of the Borrower or any Subsidiary thereunder equal to the termination value thereof as determined in accordance with its provisions (if such Rate Hedging Obligation has been terminated) or the mark to market value thereof as determined on the basis of available quotations from any recognized dealer in, or from Bloomberg or other similar service providing market quotations for, the applicable Rate Hedging Obligation (if such Rate Hedging Obligation has not been terminated).
“Rate Hedging Obligations” means, without duplication, any and all obligations of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, whether absolute or contingent and howsoever and whensoever created, arising, evidenced or acquired (including all renewals, extensions and modifications thereof and substitutions therefor), under (i) any and all agreements, devices or arrangements designed to protect at least one of the parties thereto from the fluctuations of interest rates, exchange rates or forward rates applicable to such party’s assets, liabilities or exchange transactions, including, but not limited to, Dollar-denominated or cross-currency interest rate exchange agreements, forward currency exchange agreements, interest rate cap or collar protection agreements, forward rate currency or interest rate options and those commonly known as interest rate “swap” agreements; (ii) all other “derivative instruments” as defined in FASB ASC Topic 815 “Derivatives and Hedging” and which are subject to the reporting requirements of FASB ASC Topic 815 “Derivatives and Hedging”; and (iii) any and all cancellations, buybacks, reversals, terminations or assignments of any of the foregoing. For purposes of any computation hereunder, each Rate Hedging Obligation shall be valued at the Rate Hedge Value thereof.
“Reimbursement Obligation” shall mean at any time, the obligation of the Borrower with respect to any Letter of Credit to reimburse the applicable Issuing Bank and the Revolving Credit Lenders to the extent of their respective Participations (including by the receipt by such Issuing Bank of proceeds of Revolving Credit Loans pursuant to Section 3.2) for amounts theretofore paid by such Issuing Bank or the Lenders pursuant to a drawing under such Letter of Credit.
“Reference Time” with respect to any setting of the then-current Benchmark means (1) if such Benchmark is the Term SOFR Rate, 5:00 a.m. (Chicago time) on the day that is two U.S. Government Securities Business Days preceding the date of such setting, (2) if the RFR for such Benchmark is Daily Simple SOFR, then four Business Days prior to such setting or (3) if such Benchmark is none of the Term SOFR Rate or Daily Simple SOFR, the time determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.
“Related Parties” means, with respect to any specified Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the respective directors, officers, employees, agents and advisors of such Person and such Person’s Affiliates.
“Relevant Governmental Body” means, the Federal Reserve Board and/or the NYFRB, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Federal Reserve Board and/or the NYFRB or, in each case, any successor thereto.
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“Relevant Rate” means (i) with respect to any Term Benchmark Loan or borrowing, the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate or (ii) with respect to any RFR Loan, the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR, as applicable.
“Required Lenders” means, as of any date, the holders of more than 50% of the Total Revolving Credit Commitments then in effect or, if the Revolving Credit Commitments have been terminated, the Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations.
“Resolution Authority” means an EEA Resolution Authority or, with respect to any UK Financial Institution, a UK Resolution Authority.
“Retail Subsidiary” means a Subsidiary which is engaged in the sale or distribution of new or used motor vehicles, or both, and/or parts and accessories used in connection with motor vehicles.
“Revolving Credit Commitment” means with respect to each Revolving Credit Lender, the obligation of such Lender to make Revolving Credit Loans to the Borrower and purchase Participations up to an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding, determined with reference to such Lender’s Revolving Percentage as set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment as the same may be increased or decreased from time to time pursuant to this Agreement.
“Revolving Credit Facility” means the facility described in Section 2.4(a) hereof providing for Revolving Credit Loans to the Borrower by the Revolving Credit Lenders in the aggregate principal amount of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment less the aggregate amount of Outstanding Letters of Credit and outstanding Competitive Bid Loans.
“Revolving Credit Lenders” means each Lender that has a Revolving Credit Commitment or that holds Revolving Credit Loans.
“Revolving Credit Loan” means a Loan made pursuant to the Revolving Credit Facility.
“Revolving Credit Outstandings” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Credit Loans then outstanding.
“Revolving Credit Termination Date” means the earlier of (a) the Stated Termination Date and (b) the date the Borrower shall have terminated the Revolving Credit Commitments pursuant to Section 2.10(a).
“Revolving Percentage” means, as to any Revolving Credit Lender at any time, the percentage which such Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment then constitutes of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment (or, at any time after the Revolving Credit Commitments shall have expired or terminated, the percentage which the aggregate principal amount of such Lender’s Revolving Credit Loans then outstanding constitutes of the Revolving Credit Outstandings); provided that each Revolving Percentage of each Revolving Credit Lender shall be increased or decreased to reflect any assignments to or by such Lender effected in accordance with Section 11.1 hereof and any voluntary or mandatory reductions in such committed amounts.
“RFR Loan” means a Loan that bears interest at a rate based on the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR.
“RFR Rate” means the rate of interest per annum equal to Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR plus the Applicable RFR Margin.
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“Sanctions” means any international economic sanctions imposed, administered or enforced from time to time by (a) the U.S. government, including those administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the U.S. Department of State, or (b) the United Nations Security Council, the European Union or His Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom.
“Sanctioned Country” means, at any time, a country, region or territory which is itself the subject or target of any Sanctions (at the time of this Agreement, the so - called Donetsk People’s Republic, the so- called Luhansk People’s Republic, the Crimea Region of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria).
“Sanctioned Person” means, at any time, any Person subject or target of any Sanctions, including (a) any Person listed in any Sanctions-related list of designated Persons maintained by the U.S. government, including by Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of Commerce, or by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, any European Union member state, His Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom or other relevant sanctions authority, (b) any Person operating, organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country, (c) any Person owned or controlled by any such Person or Persons described in the foregoing clauses (a) or (b) (including, without limitation for purposes of defining a Sanctioned Person, as ownership and control may be defined and/or established in and/or by any applicable laws, rules, regulations, or orders).
“Senior Officer” means the President, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer or General Counsel of the Borrower.
“SOFR” means a rate equal to the secured overnight financing rate as administered by the SOFR Administrator.
“SOFR Administrator” means the NYFRB (or a successor administrator of the secured overnight financing rate).
“SOFR Administrator’s Website” means the NYFRB’s website, currently at http://www.newyorkfed.org, or any successor source for the secured overnight financing rate identified as such by the SOFR Administrator from time to time.
“SOFR Determination Date” has the meaning specified in the definition of “Daily Simple SOFR”.
“SOFR Rate Day” has the meaning specified in the definition of “Daily Simple SOFR”.
“Specified Representations” mean the representations and warranties set forth in Sections 6.1(a) (solely with respect to the Borrower), 6.1(b), 6.1(h), 6.1(i), and 6.1(o).
“Stated Termination Date” means July 18, 2028, subject to extension pursuant to Section 2.19.
“Subsidiary” means any corporation or other entity in which more than 50% of its outstanding voting stock or more than 50% of all equity interests is owned directly or indirectly by the Borrower and/or by one or more of the Borrower’s Subsidiaries.
“Supported QFC” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 11.22.
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“Swap Agreement” means any agreement with respect to any swap, forward, future or derivative transaction or option or similar agreement involving, or settled by reference to, one or more rates, currencies, commodities, equity or debt instruments or securities, or economic, financial or pricing indices or measures of economic, financial or pricing risk or value or any similar transaction or any combination of these transactions; provided that no phantom stock or similar plan providing for payments only on account of services provided by current or former directors, officers, employees or consultants of the Borrower or the Subsidiaries shall be a Swap Agreement.
“Taxes” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.6(a) hereof.
“Term Benchmark” when used in reference to any Loan or borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such borrowing, are bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate.
“Term Benchmark Rate” means, for the Interest Period for any Term Benchmark Loan, the rate of interest per annum determined pursuant to the following formula:
Term Benchmark Rate = Adjusted Term SOFR Rate + Applicable Term Benchmark Margin

“Term Benchmark Competitive Rate” means, for the Interest Period for any Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, the rate of interest per annum determined pursuant to the following formula:
Term Benchmark Competitive Rate = Adjusted Term SOFR Rate + or - a margin

“Term Benchmark Loan” or “Term Benchmark Rate Loan” means a Loan for which the rate of interest is determined by reference to the Term Benchmark Rate.
“Term SOFR Determination Day” has the meaning assigned to it under the definition of Term SOFR Reference Rate.
“Term SOFR Rate” means, with respect to any Term Benchmark Loan or Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate and for any tenor comparable to the applicable Interest Period, the Term SOFR Reference Rate at approximately 5:00 a.m., Chicago time, two U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to the commencement of such tenor comparable to the applicable Interest Period, as such rate is published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator.
“Term SOFR Reference Rate” means, for any day and time (such day, the “Term SOFR Determination Day”), with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars and for any tenor comparable to the applicable Interest Period, the rate per annum published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator and identified by the Administrative Agent as the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR.
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If by 5:00 pm (New York City time) on such Term SOFR Determination Day, the “Term SOFR Reference Rate” for the applicable tenor has not been published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator and a Benchmark Replacement Date with respect to the Term SOFR Rate has not occurred, then, so long as such day is otherwise a U.S. Government Securities Business Day, the Term SOFR Reference Rate for such Term SOFR Determination Day will be the Term SOFR Reference Rate as published in respect of the first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day for which such Term SOFR Reference Rate was published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator, so long as such first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day is not more than five (5) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to such Term SOFR Determination Day. “Termination Date Extension Request” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.19(a) hereof.
“Termination Event” means: (i) a “Reportable Event” described in Section 4043 of ERISA and the regulations issued thereunder (other than an event for which the 30-day notice requirement has been waived by applicable regulation) with respect to a Pension Plan; or (ii) the withdrawal of the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate from a Pension Plan during a plan year in which it was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA or was deemed such under Section 4062(e) of ERISA; or (iii) the termination of a Pension Plan, the filing of a notice of intent to terminate a Pension Plan or the treatment of a Pension Plan amendment as a termination under Section 4041 of ERISA; or (iv) the institution of proceedings to terminate a Pension Plan by the PBGC; or (v) any other event or condition which would constitute grounds under Section 4042(a) of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Pension Plan; or (vi) the partial or complete withdrawal (within the meaning of Title IV of ERISA) of the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate from a Multiemployer Plan; or (vii) the imposition of a Lien pursuant to Section 430(k) of the Code or Section 303(k) of ERISA with respect to any Pension Plan; or (viii) any event or condition which results in the insolvency of a Multiemployer Plan under Section 4241 or Section 4245 of ERISA, respectively; or (ix) any event or condition which results in the termination of a Multiemployer Plan under Section 4041A of ERISA or the institution by the PBGC of proceedings to terminate a Multiemployer Plan under Section 4042 of ERISA; or (x) any event or condition with respect to any Employee Benefit Plan which is regulated by any Foreign Benefit Law that results in the termination of such Employee Benefit Plan or the revocation of such Employee Benefit Plan’s authority to operate under the applicable Foreign Benefit Law.
“Total Letter of Credit Commitment” means an amount not to exceed $200,000,000.
“Total Revolving Credit Commitment” means $1,900,000,000, as the same may be increased or decreased from time to time pursuant to this Agreement, which shall be made available by the Lenders to the Borrower during the period from the date hereof until the Stated Termination Date.
“Type” shall mean any type of Loan (i.e., a Base Rate Loan, a Term Benchmark Loan or an RFR Loan).
“Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement excluding the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.
“UK Financial Institutions” means any BRRD Undertaking (as such term is defined under the PRA Rulebook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Prudential Regulation Authority) or any person falling within IFPRU 11.6 of the FCA Handbook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which includes certain credit institutions and investment firms, and certain affiliates of such credit institutions or investment firms.
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“UK Resolution Authority” means the Bank of England or any other public administrative authority having responsibility for the resolution of any UK Financial Institution.
“U.S. Government Securities Business Day” means any day except for (i) a Saturday, (ii) a Sunday or (iii) a day on which the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association recommends that the fixed income departments of its members be closed for the entire day for purposes of trading in United States government securities.
“Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness” means Indebtedness incurred by any Eligible Special Purpose Entity to finance, refinance or guaranty the financing or refinancing of consumer receivables, leases, loans or retail installment contracts incurred in the sale, transfer or lease of Vehicles, including without limitation Indebtedness incurred pursuant to any securitization, factoring, warehousing or similar program; provided (x) no assets shall secure such Indebtedness other than the Vehicles, consumer receivables, leases, loans, or retail installment contracts to be so financed or refinanced, books, records, purchase agreements, rights and financial assets relating thereto, other assets customarily pledged in a receivables securitization, factoring, warehousing or similar program to provide security for such Indebtedness, and proceeds of the foregoing (including, without limitation, proceeds from insurance, Vehicles and other obligations) (it being understood, for the avoidance of doubt, that so long as such Eligible Special Purpose Entity only owns assets of the type described in this clause (x), such Eligible Special Purpose Entity may secure such Indebtedness with substantially all of the assets of such Eligible Special Purpose Entity); and (y) neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries other than such Eligible Special Purpose Entity shall incur any liability with respect to such Indebtedness other than liability arising by reason of (1) a breach of a representation or warranty or customary indemnities in each case contained in any instrument relating to such Indebtedness, (2) customary interests retained by the Borrower or its Subsidiaries in such assets or Indebtedness or (3) customary performance or payment guaranties, undertakings or support agreements with respect to obligations of any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Borrower in its capacity as servicer, back-up servicer, custodian, originator or seller, as applicable.
“Vehicle Secured Indebtedness” means, collectively, (a) the Existing Vehicle Secured Indebtedness and (b) Indebtedness incurred by the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any Eligible Special Purpose Entity to lease, finance or refinance or guaranty the leasing, financing or refinancing of Vehicles or related receivables, which Indebtedness in the case of this clause (b) is secured by the Vehicles or related receivables so financed or refinanced and/or other assets of the type described in clause (x) of the definition of Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness and (but only to the extent permitted by the last sentence of this definition) other assets, to the extent, when incurred, the amount of such Indebtedness does not exceed the depreciated book value of the Vehicles so financed or refinanced or the book value of such related receivables, in each case plus the book value of any other assets securing such Indebtedness (in the aggregate, “Security Book Value”) as determined in accordance with GAAP. It is understood that, to the extent the amount of such Indebtedness exceeds the associated Security Book Value, such excess amount shall not constitute “Vehicle Secured Indebtedness” and, accordingly, shall constitute “Funded Indebtedness”. On the date any Vehicle Secured Indebtedness is incurred and on any date any lien is granted securing such Indebtedness, the percentage of Security Book Value contributed by Vehicles and related receivables financed or refinanced thereby shall not be less than 85% of the total Security Book Value with respect to such Indebtedness.
“Vehicles” means all now existing or hereafter acquired new and used automobiles, sport utility vehicles, trucks and vans of all types and descriptions, whether held for sale, lease, rental or operational purposes, which relate to the Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s Automobile Retailing Activities or the Automobile Retailing Activities of any Person acquired by the Borrower or any Subsidiary.
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“Voting Securities” means shares of capital stock issued by a corporation, or equivalent interests in any other Person, the holders of which are ordinarily, in the absence of contingencies, entitled to vote for the election of directors (or persons performing similar functions) of such Person, even if the right so to vote has been suspended by the happening of such a contingency.
“Withholding Agent” means any Loan Party and the Administrative Agent.
“Write-Down and Conversion Powers” means, (a) with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule, and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, any powers of the applicable Resolution Authority under the Bail-In Legislation to cancel, reduce, modify or change the form of a liability of any UK Financial Institution or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers.
1.2    Rules of Interpretation.
(a)    The headings, subheadings and table of contents used herein or in any other Loan Document are solely for convenience of reference and shall not constitute a part of any such document or affect the meaning, construction or effect of any provision thereof.
(b)    Except as otherwise expressly provided, references in any Loan Document to articles, sections, paragraphs, clauses, annexes, appendices, exhibits and schedules are references to articles, sections, paragraphs, clauses, annexes, appendices, exhibits and schedules in or to such Loan Document.
(c)    All definitions set forth herein or in any other Loan Document shall apply to the singular as well as the plural form of such defined term, and all references to the masculine gender shall include reference to the feminine or neuter gender, and vice versa, as the context may require.
(d)    When used herein or in any other Loan Document, words such as “hereunder”, “hereto”, “hereof” and “herein” and other words of like import shall, unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary, refer to the whole of the applicable document and not to any particular article, section, subsection, paragraph or clause thereof.
(e)    References to “including” means including without limiting the generality of any description preceding such term, and such term shall not limit a general statement to matters similar to those specifically mentioned.
(f)    Except as otherwise expressly provided, all dates and times of day specified herein shall refer to such dates and times at New York City.
(g)    Whenever interest rates or fees are established in whole or in part by reference to a numerical percentage expressed as “___%”, such arithmetic expression shall be interpreted in accordance with the convention that 1% = 100 basis points.
(h) Each of the parties to the Loan Documents and their counsel have reviewed and revised, or requested (or had the opportunity to request) revisions to, the Loan Documents, and any rule of construction that ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall be inapplicable in the construing and interpretation of the Loan Documents and all exhibits, schedules and appendices thereto.
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(i)    Any reference to an officer of the Borrower or any other Person by reference to the title of such officer shall be deemed to refer to each other officer of such Person, however titled, exercising the same or substantially similar functions.
(j)    All references to (i) any agreement or document as amended, modified or supplemented, or words of similar effect, shall mean such document or agreement, as the case may be, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time only as and to the extent permitted therein and not prohibited by the Loan Documents and (ii) except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any international, foreign, federal, state and local statutes, treaties, rules, guidelines, regulations, ordinances, codes and administrative or judicial precedents or authorities, including the interpretation or administration thereof by any Governmental Authority charged with the enforcement, interpretation or administration thereof, and all applicable administrative or executive orders, directed duties, requests, licenses, authorizations and permits of, and agreements with, any Governmental Authority (collectively, a “Law”) shall include all statutory and regulatory provisions consolidating, amending, replacing, supplementing or interpreting such Law.
(k)    Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party and all covenants, provisions and agreements by or on behalf of the Borrower which are contained in the Loan Documents shall inure to the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, or any of them.
1.3    Accounting for Permitted Acquisitions. With respect to any Permitted Acquisition consummated on or after the Closing Date, the following shall apply:
For each Four-Quarter Period that includes the date of a Permitted Acquisition, Consolidated EBITDA and Consolidated Interest Expense shall include the results of operations of the Person or assets so acquired, which amounts shall be determined on a historical pro forma basis and which may include such adjustments as are permitted under Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission; provided, however, Consolidated Interest Expense shall be adjusted on a historical pro forma basis to (i) eliminate interest expense accrued during such period on any Indebtedness repaid in connection with such Permitted Acquisition and (ii) include interest expense on any Indebtedness (including Indebtedness hereunder) incurred, acquired or assumed in connection with such Permitted Acquisition (“Incremental Debt”) calculated (x) as if all such Incremental Debt had been incurred as of the first day of such Four-Quarter Period and (y) at the following interest rates: (I) for all periods subsequent to the date of the Permitted Acquisition and for Incremental Debt assumed or acquired in the Permitted Acquisition and in effect prior to the date of Permitted Acquisition, at the actual rates of interest applicable thereto, and (II) for all periods prior to the actual incurrence of such Incremental Debt, equal to the rate of interest actually applicable to such Incremental Debt hereunder or under other financing documents applicable thereto as at the end of each affected Four-Quarter Period.
1.4    Accounting for Derivatives. In making any computation under Section 8.1, all adjustments to such computation or amount resulting from the application of FASB ASC Topic 815 “Derivatives and Hedging” shall be disregarded.
1.5    Accounting and Financial Determinations. All accounting terms not specifically or completely defined herein shall be construed in conformity with, and all
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financial data required to be submitted pursuant to this Agreement shall be prepared in conformity with, GAAP as in effect from time to time.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if at any time any change in GAAP would materially affect the computation of any financial ratio or other financial calculation set forth in any Loan Document, and either the Borrower or the Required Lenders so request, the Administrative Agent and the Borrower shall negotiate in good faith to amend such ratio or other financial calculation to preserve the original intent thereof in light of such change in GAAP; provided that, until so amended, such ratio or other financial calculation shall continue to be computed in accordance with GAAP prior to such change in GAAP. Without limiting the foregoing, leases shall continue to be classified and accounted for on a basis consistent with GAAP in effect and adopted by the Borrower as of the Closing Date, notwithstanding any change in GAAP relating thereto, unless the parties hereto shall enter into a mutually acceptable amendment addressing such changes, as provided for above.
Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, without giving effect to any election under FASB ASC Topic 825 “Financial Instruments” (or any other FASB ASC Topic having a similar result or effect) to value any Indebtedness or other liabilities of the Borrower or any Subsidiary at “fair value”, as defined therein.
1.6    Divisions. For all purposes under the Loan Documents, in connection with any division or plan of division under Delaware law (or any comparable event under a different jurisdiction’s laws) (a) if any asset, right, obligation or liability of any Person becomes the asset, right, obligation or liability of a different Person, then it shall be deemed to have been transferred from the original Person to the subsequent Person and (b) if any new Person comes into existence, such new Person shall be deemed to have been organized and acquired on the first date of its existence by the holders of its equity interests at such time.

1.7    Limited Condition Acquisition. In connection with any action being taken in connection with a Limited Condition Acquisition, for purposes of determining compliance with any provision of this Agreement which requires (i) that no Default or Event of Default, as applicable, has occurred, is continuing or would result from any such action, as applicable, such condition shall, at the option of the Borrower (an “LCA Election”), be deemed satisfied so long as no Default or Event of Default, as applicable, exists on the date the definitive agreements for such Limited Condition Acquisition are entered into (the “LCA Test Date”) and no Default or Event of Default under Section 9.1(a), Section 9.1(b), Section 9.1(g) (solely with respect to the Borrower) or Section 9.1(h) (solely with respect to the Borrower) exists or would result therefrom on the date any related Added Term Loans are advanced or (ii) that the representations and warranties set forth in Article VI or in any other Loan Document be true and correct, such representations and warranties shall, if the Borrower exercises an LCA Election, refer only to the representations and warranties that constitute Specified Representations and the Limited Condition Acquisition Agreement Representations or, in each case, other customary “SunGard” or “certain funds” representations.
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1.8 Interest Rates; Benchmark Notification. The interest rate on a Loan denominated in Dollars may be derived from an interest rate benchmark that may be discontinued or is, or may in the future become, the subject of regulatory reform. Upon the occurrence of a Benchmark Transition Event, Section 4.2(b) provides a mechanism for determining an alternative rate of interest. The Administrative Agent does not warrant or accept any responsibility for, and shall not have any liability with respect to, the administration, submission, performance or any other matter related to any interest rate used in this Agreement, or with respect to any alternative or successor rate thereto, or replacement rate thereof, including without limitation, whether the composition or characteristics of any such alternative, successor or replacement reference rate will be similar to, or produce the same value or economic equivalence of, the existing interest rate being replaced or have the same volume or liquidity as did any existing interest rate prior to its discontinuance or unavailability. The Administrative Agent and its affiliates and/or other related entities may engage in transactions that affect the calculation of any interest rate used in this Agreement or any alternative, successor or alternative rate (including any Benchmark Replacement) and/or any relevant adjustments thereto, in each case, in a manner adverse to the Borrower. The Administrative Agent may select information sources or services in its reasonable discretion to ascertain any interest rate used in this Agreement, any component thereof, or rates referenced in the definition thereof, in each case pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and shall have no liability to the Borrower, any Lender or any other person or entity for damages of any kind, including direct or indirect, special, punitive, incidental or consequential damages, costs, losses or expenses (whether in tort, contract or otherwise and whether at law or in equity), for any error or calculation of any such rate (or component thereof) provided by any such information source or service.

ARTICLE II

The Loans
2.1    [Reserved].
2.2    [Reserved].
2.3    [Reserved].
2.4    Revolving Credit Commitments.
(a)    Commitments. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each Revolving Credit Lender severally agrees to make Advances to the Borrower in Dollars, from time to time from the Closing Date until the Revolving Credit Termination Date, on a pro rata basis as to the total borrowing requested by the Borrower under the Revolving Credit Facility on any day determined by its Revolving Percentage up to but not exceeding the Revolving Credit Commitment of such Lender, provided, however, that the Revolving Credit Lenders will not be required and shall have no obligation to make any Advance (i) so long as not all of the conditions under Section 5.2 hereof have been fulfilled, (ii) so long as a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or (iii) if the Administrative Agent has accelerated the maturity of the Revolving Credit Loans as a result of an Event of Default in accordance with Section 9.1 hereof; provided further, however, that immediately after giving effect to each such Advance, the principal amount of Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations shall not exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment. Within such limits, the Borrower may borrow, repay and reborrow hereunder, on any Business Day, from the Closing Date until, but (as to borrowings and reborrowings) not including, the Revolving Credit Termination Date; provided, however, that (x) no Term Benchmark Loan that is a Revolving Credit Loan shall be made which has an Interest Period that extends beyond the Revolving Credit Termination Date and (y) each Revolving Credit Loan that is a Term Benchmark Loan may, subject to the provisions of Section 2.12, be repaid only on the last day of the Interest Period with respect thereto unless the Borrower has paid any amounts due pursuant to Section 4.5 hereof.
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(b)    Amounts. The aggregate unpaid principal amount of the Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations shall not exceed at any time an amount equal to the Total Revolving Credit Commitment. Each Loan under the Revolving Credit Facility, other than a Base Rate Refunding Loan, and each Conversion thereof under Section 2.12, shall be in a principal amount of (i) at least $10,000,000, and, if greater than $10,000,000, an integral multiple of $1,000,000, in the case of Term Benchmark Loans or RFR Loans, or (ii) at least $5,000,000 and, if greater than $5,000,000, an integral multiple of $1,000,000, in the case of Base Rate Loans.
(c)    Advances and Rate Selection. (i) An Authorized Representative shall give the Administrative Agent (1) except as set forth in clause (2) below, at least three (3) U.S. Government Securities Business Days’ irrevocable written notice of each Revolving Credit Loan that is a Term Benchmark Loan (whether representing an additional borrowing hereunder or the Conversion of borrowing hereunder from Base Rate Loans or other Term Benchmark Loans to Term Benchmark Loans) prior to 12:00 Noon; (2) irrevocable written notice of each Revolving Credit Loan that is a Term Benchmark Loan to be made on the Closing Date prior to 12:00 Noon, New York City time, at least two (2) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to the Closing Date; (3) irrevocable written notice of each Revolving Credit Loan that is a Base Rate Loan (other than Base Rate Refunding Loans to the extent the same are effective without notice pursuant to Section 2.4(c)(iv)) representing a borrowing on the Closing Date or an additional borrowing hereunder in each case prior to 1:00 pm on the day of such proposed Base Rate Loan; and (4) irrevocable written notice of each Revolving Credit Loan that is an RFR Loan representing a borrowing on the Closing Date or an additional borrowing hereunder prior to 12:00 Noon, New York City time, at least three (3) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to the Closing Date. Each such borrowing notice, which shall be effective upon receipt by the Administrative Agent, shall specify the amount of the borrowing, the Type of Loan, the date of borrowing and, if a Term Benchmark Loan, the Interest Period to be used in the computation of interest. The Authorized Representative shall provide such written notice in the form of a Borrowing Notice, for additional Advances, or in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F as to selection or Conversion of interest rates as to outstanding Revolving Credit Loans, in each case with appropriate insertions. The duration of the initial Interest Period for each Revolving Credit Loan that is a Term Benchmark Loan shall be as specified in the initial Borrowing Notice. The Borrower shall have the option to elect the duration of subsequent Interest Periods and to Convert the Revolving Credit Loans in accordance with Section 2.12 hereof. If the Administrative Agent does not receive a notice of election of duration of an Interest Period or to Convert by the time prescribed hereby and by Section 2.12 hereof, the Borrower shall be deemed to have elected as to any Revolving Credit Loan, to Convert such Loan to (or Continue such Loan as) a Base Rate Loan bearing interest at the Base Rate until the Borrower notifies the Administrative Agent in accordance with this Section and Section 2.12.
(ii)    Notice of receipt of each Borrowing Notice shall be provided by the Administrative Agent to each Revolving Credit Lender by written notice with reasonable promptness on the same day as Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Borrowing Notice.
(iii) Not later than 3:00 P.M. on the date specified for each Advance under the Revolving Credit Facility, each Revolving Credit Lender shall, pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, make the amount of the Loan or Loans to be made by it on such day available to the Administrative Agent, by depositing or transferring the proceeds thereof in immediately available funds at the Principal Office. The amount so received by the Administrative Agent shall, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, be made available to the Borrower by delivery of the proceeds thereof as shall be directed in the applicable Borrowing Notice by the Authorized Representative.
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(iv)    If a drawing is made under any Letter of Credit, the Borrower shall reimburse the Issuing Bank for such drawing by paying to the Administrative Agent an amount equal to such drawing not later than 2:00 P.M. on (A) the Business Day (which may be the date such drawing is made) that the Borrower receives notice of such drawing, if the Borrower shall have received such notice prior to 10:00 a.m., or (B) the Business Day immediately following the day that the Borrower receives such notice, if such notice is received by the Borrower on a day other than a Business Day or after 10:00 a.m. on a Business Day. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a drawing is made under any Letter of Credit, such drawing is honored by the Issuing Bank thereunder prior to the Revolving Credit Termination Date, and the Borrower shall not immediately fully reimburse such Issuing Bank in respect of such drawing as provided above, (y) provided that the conditions to making a Revolving Credit Loan as herein provided shall then be satisfied, the Reimbursement Obligation arising from such drawing shall be paid to such Issuing Bank by the Administrative Agent without the requirement of notice to or from the Borrower from immediately available funds which shall be advanced as a Base Rate Refunding Loan by each Lender under the Revolving Credit Facility in an amount determined with reference to such Revolving Credit Lender’s Revolving Percentage of such Reimbursement Obligation, and (z) if the conditions to making a Revolving Credit Loan as herein provided shall not then be satisfied, each of the Revolving Credit Lenders shall fund by payment to the Administrative Agent (for the benefit of the Issuing Bank) in immediately available funds the purchase from such Issuing Bank of their respective Participations in the related Reimbursement Obligation based on their respective Revolving Percentages. If a drawing is presented under any Letter of Credit in accordance with the terms thereof and the Borrower shall not immediately reimburse the Issuing Bank thereunder in respect thereof as provided above, then notice of such drawing shall be provided promptly by such Issuing Bank to the Administrative Agent and the Administrative Agent shall provide notice to each Revolving Credit Lender in writing. If notice to the Revolving Credit Lenders of a drawing under any Letter of Credit is given by the Administrative Agent at or before 2:00 P.M. on any Business Day, each Revolving Credit Lender shall, pursuant to the conditions specified in this Section 2.4(c)(iv), either make a Base Rate Refunding Loan or fund the purchase of its Participation in the amount of such Lender’s Revolving Percentage of such drawing or payment and shall pay such amount to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Issuing Bank at the Principal Office in Dollars and in immediately available funds before 2:30 P.M. on the same Business Day. If notice to the Revolving Credit Lenders of a drawing under a Letter of Credit is given by the Administrative Agent after 2:00 P.M. on any Business Day, each Revolving Credit Lender shall, pursuant to the conditions specified in this Section 2.4(c)(iv), either make a Base Rate Refunding Loan or fund the purchase of its Participation in the amount of such Lender’s Revolving Percentage of such drawing and shall pay such amount to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Issuing Bank at the Principal Office in Dollars and in immediately available funds before 2:00 P.M. on the next following Business Day. Any such Base Rate Refunding Loans shall be advanced as, and shall continue as, a Base Rate Loan unless and until the Borrower Converts such Base Rate Loan in accordance with the terms of Section 2.12.

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2.5    Competitive Bid Loans.
(a)    In addition to Revolving Credit Loans, at any time prior to the Revolving Credit Termination Date and provided no Default or Event of Default exists hereunder, the Borrower may, as set forth in this Section 2.5, request the Revolving Credit Lenders to make offers to make Competitive Bid Loans to the Borrower in Dollars. The Revolving Credit Lenders may, but shall have no obligation to, make such offers and the Borrower may, but shall have no obligation to, accept any such offers in the manner set forth in this Section 2.5. There may be no more than ten (10) Interest Periods, and no more than one (1) one-week Interest Periods, for all Revolving Credit Loans and Competitive Bid Loans outstanding at the same time (for which purpose Interest Periods for each Term Benchmark Revolving Credit Loan and each Competitive Bid Loan shall be deemed to be different Interest Periods even if they are coterminous). The aggregate principal amount of all Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations shall not exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment at any time. The aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Competitive Bid Loans shall not exceed one hundred percent (100%) of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment at any time.
(b)    When the Borrower wishes to request offers to make Competitive Bid Loans, it shall give the Administrative Agent and the Revolving Credit Lenders notice (a “Competitive Bid Quote Request”) to be received no later than 12:00 Noon on (A) the fourth Business Day prior to the date of borrowing proposed therein, in the case of a Competitive Bid Quote Request for Competitive Bid Loans at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or (B) the Business Day prior to the date of borrowing proposed therein, in the case of a Competitive Bid Quote Request for Competitive Bid Loans at the Absolute Rate (or, in any such case, such other time and date as the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may agree). The Borrower may request offers to make Competitive Bid Loans for up to three (3) different Interest Periods in a single notice; provided that the request for each separate Interest Period shall be deemed to be a separate Competitive Bid Quote Request for a separate borrowing (a “Competitive Bid Borrowing”) and there shall not be outstanding at any one time more than four (4) Competitive Bid Borrowings. Each such Competitive Bid Quote Request shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit G attached hereto and shall specify as to each Competitive Bid Borrowing:
(i)    the proposed date of such borrowing, which shall be a Business Day;
(ii)    the aggregate amount of such Competitive Bid Borrowing, which shall be at least $10,000,000 (or in increments of $1,000,000 in excess thereof) but shall not cause the limits specified in Section 2.5(a) hereof to be violated;
(iii)    the duration of the Interest Period applicable thereto;
(iv)    whether the Competitive Bid Quote Request for a particular Interest Period is seeking quotes for Competitive Bid Loans at the Absolute Rate or the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate;
(v)    whether the Borrower shall have the right to prepay a requested Competitive Bid Loan; and
(vi)    the date on which the Competitive Bid Quotes are to be submitted if it is before the proposed date of borrowing (the date on which such Competitive Bid Quotes are to be submitted is called the “Quotation Date”).
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Except as otherwise provided in this Section 2.5(b), no more than two (2) Competitive Bid Quote Requests shall be given within five (5) Business Days (or such other number of days as the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may agree) of any other Competitive Bid Quote Request.
(c)    (i) Each Revolving Credit Lender may submit one or more Competitive Bid Quotes, each containing an offer to make a Competitive Bid Loan in response to any Competitive Bid Quote Request; provided that, if the Borrower’s request under Section 2.5(b) hereof specified more than one Interest Period, such Lender may make a single submission containing one or more Competitive Bid Quotes for each such Interest Period. Each Competitive Bid Quote must be submitted to the Borrower not later than 9:30 A.M. on (A) the third Business Day prior to the proposed date of borrowing, in the case of a Competitive Bid Quote Request for Competitive Bid Loans at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or (B) the Quotation Date, in the case of a Competitive Bid Quote Request for Competitive Bid Loans at the Absolute Rate (or, in any such case, such other time and date as the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may agree) provided that if JPMorgan Chase Bank is receiving quotes as provided in Section 2.5(g), any Competitive Bid Quote may be submitted by JPMorgan Chase Bank (or its applicable Lending Office) only if JPMorgan Chase Bank (or such applicable Lending Office) notifies the Borrower of the terms of the offer contained therein not later than 9:15 A.M. on the Quotation Date. Any Competitive Bid Quote so made shall be irrevocable except with the consent of the Administrative Agent given on the instructions of the Borrower.
(ii)    Each Competitive Bid Quote shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit H attached hereto and shall specify:
(A)    the proposed date of borrowing and the Interest Period therefor;
(B)    the principal amount of the Competitive Bid Loan for which each such offer is being made, which principal amount shall be at least $5,000,000 (or in increments of $1,000,000 in excess thereof); provided that the aggregate principal amount of all Competitive Bid Loans for which a Lender submits Competitive Bid Quotes may not exceed the principal amount of the Competitive Bid Borrowing for a particular Interest Period for which offers were requested;
(C)    in the case of a Competitive Bid Quote for Competitive Bid Loans at an Absolute Rate, the rate of interest per annum (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest 1/10,000th of 1%) offered for each such Competitive Bid Loan (the “Absolute Rate”);
(D)    in the case of a Competitive Bid Quote for Competitive Bid Loans at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, the positive or negative margin to be added to or deducted from the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate; and
(E)    the identity of the quoting Lender.
Unless otherwise agreed by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower, no Competitive Bid Quote shall contain qualifying, conditional or similar language or propose terms other than or in addition to those set forth in the applicable Competitive Bid Quote Request and, in particular, no Competitive Bid Quote may be conditioned upon acceptance by the Borrower of all (or some specified minimum) of the principal amount of the Competitive Bid Loan for which such Competitive Bid Quote is being made.
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Any subsequent Competitive Bid Quote submitted by a Revolving Credit Lender that amends, modifies or is otherwise inconsistent with a previous Competitive Bid Quote submitted by such Lender with respect to the same Competitive Bid Quote Request shall be disregarded by the Borrower unless such subsequent Competitive Bid Quote is submitted solely to correct a manifest error in such former Competitive Bid Quote.
(d)    The Borrower shall as promptly as practicable after the Competitive Bid Quote is submitted (but in any event not later than 12:00 Noon on (A) in the case of a Competitive Bid Loan at an Absolute Rate, the Quotation Date (or such other time and date as the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may agree) or (B) in the case of a Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, the third Business Day prior to the proposed date of borrowing) notify the Administrative Agent and Revolving Credit Lenders of (x) the aggregate principal amount of the Competitive Bid Borrowing for which Competitive Bid Quotes have been received as well as the ranges of bids submitted for each Interest Period requested, (y) the respective principal amounts and Absolute Rates or Term Benchmark Competitive Rates, as the case may be, so offered by each Revolving Credit Lender (identifying the Lender that made each Competitive Bid Quote), and (z) its acceptance or nonacceptance of the Competitive Bid Quotes. In the case of acceptance, such notice shall specify the aggregate principal amount of offers for each Interest Period that are accepted. The Borrower may accept any Competitive Bid Quote in whole or in part (provided that any Competitive Bid Quote accepted in part shall be at least $5,000,000 or in increments of $1,000,000 in excess thereof); provided that:
(i)    the aggregate principal amount of each Competitive Bid Borrowing may not exceed the applicable amount set forth in the related Competitive Bid Quote Request;
(ii)    the aggregate principal amount of each Competitive Bid Borrowing shall be at least $5,000,000 (or an increment of $1,000,000 in excess thereof) but shall not cause the limits specified in Section 2.5(a) hereof to be violated;
(iii)    except as provided below, acceptance of Competitive Bid Quotes for any Interest Period may be made only in ascending order of Absolute Rates or Term Benchmark Competitive Rates, as the case may be, beginning with the lowest rate so offered; and
(iv)    the Borrower may not accept any Competitive Bid Quote where such Competitive Bid Quote fails to comply with Section 2.5(c)(ii) hereof or otherwise fails to comply with the requirements of this Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 2.5(a) hereof).
Any of the conditions above notwithstanding, the Borrower may, in its sole discretion, accept a Competitive Bid Quote that does not contain the lowest Absolute Rate or Term Benchmark Competitive Rates, as the case may be, where acceptance of the Competitive Bid Quote containing the lowest Absolute Rate or Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, as the case may be, would be less favorable to the Borrower or would cause the principal amount of Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations to exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment.
If Competitive Bid Quotes are made by two or more Revolving Credit Lenders with the same Absolute Rates or Term Benchmark Competitive Rates, as the case may be, for a greater aggregate principal amount than the amount in respect of which Competitive Bid Quotes are accepted for the related Interest Period after the acceptance of all Competitive Bid Quotes, if any, of all lower Absolute Rates or Term Benchmark Competitive Rates, as the case may be, offered by any Revolving Credit Lender for such related Interest Period, the principal amount of Competitive Bid Loans in respect of which such Competitive Bid Quotes are accepted shall be allocated by the Borrower among such Lenders as nearly as possible (in amounts of at least $1,000,000 or in increments of $100,000 in excess thereof) in proportion to the aggregate principal amount of such Competitive Bid Quotes.
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Determinations by the Borrower of the amounts of Competitive Bid Loans and the lowest bid after adjustment as provided in Section 2.5(d)(iii) shall be conclusive in the absence of manifest error.
(e)    Any Revolving Credit Lender whose offer to make any Competitive Bid Loan has been accepted shall, not later than 1:00 P.M. on the date specified for the making of such Loan, make the amount of such Loan available to the Borrower as shall be directed by the Authorized Representative in Dollars and in immediately available funds.
(f)    From time to time, the Borrower shall furnish such information to the Administrative Agent as the Administrative Agent may request relating to the making of Competitive Bid Loans, including the amounts, interest rates, dates of borrowings and maturities thereof.
(g)    The Borrower may request the Administrative Agent to receive the Competitive Bid Quotes, in which event the Administrative Agent shall (A) in the case of a Competitive Bid Loan at the Absolute Rate, as promptly as practicable after the Competitive Bid Quote is submitted (but in no event later than 10:00 A.M. on the Quotation Date) or (B) in the case of a Competitive Bid Loan at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, by 10:00 A.M. on the date a Competitive Bid Quote is submitted, notify the Borrower of the terms of any Competitive Bid Quote submitted by a Revolving Credit Lender that is in accordance with Section 2.5(c) hereof. The Administrative Agent’s notice to the Borrower shall specify (A) the aggregate principal amount of the Competitive Bid Borrowing for which Competitive Bid Quotes have been received and (B) the respective principal amounts and Absolute Rates or Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, as the case may be, offered by each Revolving Credit Lender (identifying the Lender that made each Competitive Bid Quote). Not later than 12:00 Noon on (A) the third Business Day prior to the proposed date of borrowing, in the case of Competitive Bid Loans at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or (B) the Quotation Date (or, in any such case, such other time and date as the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may agree), the Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent of their acceptance or nonacceptance of the Competitive Bid Quotes so notified to it (and the failure of the Borrower to give such notice by such time shall constitute nonacceptance) and the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each affected Lender. Together with each notice of a request for Competitive Bid Quotes which the Borrower requires the Administrative Agent to issue pursuant to this paragraph (g), the Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Administrative Agent a bid administration fee of $1,500.
2.6    Payment of Interest.
(a) The Borrower shall pay interest (i) to the Administrative Agent at the Principal Office for the account of each Lender on the outstanding and unpaid principal amount of each Revolving Credit Loan made by such Lender for the period commencing on the date of such Loan until such Loan shall be due at the Term Benchmark Rate, the Base Rate or the RFR Rate, as elected or deemed elected by the Borrower or otherwise applicable to such Loan as herein provided and (ii) to each Revolving Credit Lender making a Competitive Bid Loan at its Applicable Lending Office, at the applicable Absolute Rate or Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, as the case may be; provided, however, that if any amount shall not be paid when due (at maturity, by acceleration or otherwise), all amounts outstanding hereunder shall bear interest thereafter at a fluctuating interest rate per annum equal to the Default Rate, or (in each case) the maximum rate permitted by applicable law, whichever is lower, from the date such amount was due and payable until the date such amount is paid in full.
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(b)    Interest on the outstanding principal balance of each Loan shall be computed on the basis of (x) in the case of Loans, other than Loans bearing interest based on the Prime Rate, a year of 360 days and calculated for the actual number of days elapsed and (y) in the case of Loans bearing interest based on the Prime Rate, a year of 365–366 days and calculated for the actual number of days elapsed. Interest on the outstanding principal balance of each Loan shall be paid (a) quarterly in arrears, such payment to be made not later than the third (3rd) Business Day of each April, July, October and January, on each Base Rate Loan, (b) on the last day of the applicable Interest Period for each Term Benchmark Loan and Competitive Bid Loan, but in no event less frequently than at the end of each three month period, (c) with respect to any RFR Loan, (i) initially the date that is one week after the date of the borrowing of such RFR Loan and, thereafter, each successive date that is on the same weekday as such initial date (provided that if such initial date or any such successive date is a day other than a Business Day, the applicable interest payment date shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless such next succeeding Business Day would fall in the next calendar week, in which case such interest payment date shall occur on the next preceding Business Day) and (d) upon payment in full of the principal amount of such Loan at the Revolving Credit Termination Date.
2.7    Payment of Principal. The principal amount of the Revolving Credit Outstandings shall be due and payable to the Administrative Agent for the benefit of each applicable Lender in full on the Revolving Credit Termination Date, or earlier as herein expressly provided. The principal amount of all Competitive Bid Loans shall be due and payable to the Lender making such Competitive Bid Loan in full on the last day of the Interest Period therefor, or earlier as herein expressly provided. The principal amount of Term Benchmark Loans may only be prepaid at the end of the applicable Interest Period, unless the Borrower shall pay to the applicable Lenders the amounts, if any, required under Section 4.5. The principal amount of Competitive Bid Loans may only be prepaid at the end of the applicable Interest Period, unless (i) the Borrower shall have retained in the Competitive Bid Quote Request with respect to such Competitive Bid Loans the right of prepayment, and (ii) the Borrower shall have paid to the Lender making such Competitive Bid Loans which bear interest at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or to the Administrative Agent, as applicable, the amounts, if any, required under Section 4.5. The Borrower shall furnish the Administrative Agent written notice of its intention to make a principal payment (including Competitive Bid Loans) prior to 12:00 noon on the date of such payment. All payments of principal on Loans other than Competitive Bid Loans shall be in the amount of (i) $10,000,000, or such greater amount which is an integral multiple of $1,000,000, in the case of Term Benchmark Loans, or (ii) $5,000,000, or such greater amount which is an integral multiple of $1,000,000, in the case of Base Rate Loans. Optional prepayments of Revolving Credit Loans shall be applied ratably to the outstanding balance of the Revolving Credit Loans.
2.8    Non-Conforming Payments.
(a)    Each payment of principal (including any prepayment) and payment of interest (other than principal and interest on Competitive Bid Loans which shall be paid to the Lender making such Loans) shall be made to the Administrative Agent at the Principal Office, for the account of each applicable Lender’s Applicable Lending Office, in Dollars and in immediately available funds before 2:00 P.M. on the date such payment is due. The Administrative Agent may, but shall not be obligated to, debit the amount of any such payment which is not made by such time to any ordinary deposit account, if any, of the Borrower with the Administrative Agent.
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(b)    The Administrative Agent shall deem any payment by or on behalf of the Borrower hereunder that is not made both (a) in Dollars and in immediately available funds and (b) prior to 2:00 P.M. on the date payment is due to be a non-conforming payment. Any such payment shall not be deemed to be received by the Administrative Agent until the time such funds become available funds. The Administrative Agent shall give prompt written notice to the Authorized Representative and each of the applicable Lenders if any payment is non-conforming. Interest shall continue to accrue on any principal as to which a non-conforming payment is made until such funds become available funds (but in no event less than the period from the date of such payment to the next succeeding Business Day) at the applicable rate of interest per annum specified in Section 2.6(a) until the date such amount is paid in Dollars and in immediately available funds.
(c)    In the event that any payment hereunder becomes due and payable on a day other than a Business Day, then such due date shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day; provided that interest shall continue to accrue during the period of any such extension.
2.9    Pro Rata Payments. Except as otherwise provided herein (including without limitation Sections 2.18 and 2.19), (a) each payment and prepayment on account of the principal of and interest on the Revolving Credit Loans and the fees described in Section 2.13(a) hereof shall be made to the Administrative Agent in the aggregate amount payable to the Revolving Credit Lenders for the account of the Revolving Credit Lenders pro rata based on their Revolving Percentages, (b) each payment of principal and interest on the Competitive Bid Loans shall be made to (i) the Administrative Agent for the account of the respective Lender making such Competitive Bid Loan if the Borrower has elected that the Administrative Agent act under Section 2.5(g) hereof and (ii) otherwise directly to the Lender making such Competitive Bid Loan, (c) all payments to be made by the Borrower for the account of each of the Lenders on account of principal, interest and fees, shall be made without set-off or counterclaim except as provided in Section 4.6, and (e) the Administrative Agent will distribute such payments when received to the Lenders as provided for herein and subject to Section 4.6.
2.10    Reductions and Prepayment.
(a) Reductions. The Borrower shall, by notice from an Authorized Representative, have the right from time to time (but not more frequently than twice during each Fiscal Year), upon not less than three (3) Business Days irrevocable written notice to the Administrative Agent to reduce the Total Revolving Credit Commitment without premium or penalty; provided that a notice of Commitment reduction may state that such notice is conditioned upon the effectiveness of other credit facilities or the receipt of the proceeds from the issuance of other Indebtedness or any other event, in which case such notice of Commitment reduction may be revoked by the Borrower (by notice to the Administrative Agent on or prior to the specified date) if such condition is not satisfied. The Administrative Agent shall give each Revolving Credit Lender, within one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice from the Borrower, written notice of such reduction. Each such reduction shall be in the aggregate amount of $10,000,000 or such greater amount which is in an integral multiple of $1,000,000, and shall permanently reduce the Total Revolving Credit Commitment. No such reduction shall be permitted that results in the payment of any Term Benchmark Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period of such Loan unless such prepayment is accompanied by amounts due, if any, under Section 4.5. Each reduction of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment shall be accompanied by payment of the Revolving Credit Loans to the extent that the aggregate Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment after giving effect to such reduction, together with accrued and unpaid interest on the amounts prepaid. In no event shall the Borrower be entitled to reduce the Total Revolving Credit Commitment if, as a result of and after giving effect to such reduction, the aggregate Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment.
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(b)    Optional Prepayments. The Borrower may at any time and from time to time, subject to Section 2.7, prepay the Loans, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty, upon irrevocable prior notice which notice shall be given in writing delivered to the Administrative Agent no later than 12:00 Noon, New York City time, three Business Days prior thereto in the case of Term Benchmark Rate Loans and RFR Loans and no later than 12:00 Noon, New York City time, one Business Day prior thereto in the case of Base Rate Loans, which notice shall specify the date and amount of prepayment and whether the prepayment is of Term Benchmark Rate Loans, RFR Loans or Base Rate Loans; provided that a notice of optional prepayment may state that such notice is conditioned upon the effectiveness of other credit facilities or the receipt of the proceeds from the issuance of other Indebtedness or any other event, in which case such notice of optional prepayment may be revoked by the Borrower (by notice to the Administrative Agent on or prior to the specified date) if such condition is not satisfied. Upon receipt of any such notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each relevant Lender thereof. If any such notice is given, the amount specified in such notice shall be due and payable on the date specified therein, together with (except in the case of Revolving Credit Loans that are Base Rate Loans) accrued interest to such date on the amount prepaid. Optional prepayments of Revolving Credit Loans shall be applied ratably to the outstanding balance of the Revolving Credit Loans.
2.11    Decrease in Amounts. The amount of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment which shall be available to the Borrower shall be reduced by the aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Outstandings and all outstanding Competitive Bid Loans.
2.12    Conversions and Elections of Subsequent Interest Periods. Subject to the limitations set forth below and in Article IV hereof, the Borrower may:
(a)    upon notice to the Administrative Agent on or before 12:00 noon on any Business Day, Convert all or a part of Term Benchmark Loans or RFR Loans to Base Rate Loans on the last day of the Interest Period for such Term Benchmark Loans; or
(b)    provided that no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and on three (3) Business Days’ notice to the Administrative Agent on or before 12:00 noon:
(i)    elect a subsequent Interest Period for all or a portion of Term Benchmark Loans to begin on the last day of the current Interest Period for such Term Benchmark Loans; or
(ii)    Convert all or a part of Base Rate Loans or RFR Loans to Term Benchmark Loans on any Business Day; or
(c)    on three (3) Business Days’ notice to the Administrative Agent on or before 12:00 noon, Convert all or a part of Base Rate Loans or Term Benchmark Loans to RFR Loans.
Notice of any such elections or Conversions shall specify the effective date of such election or Conversion and, with respect to Term Benchmark Loans, the Interest Period to be applicable to the Loan as Continued or Converted. Each election and Conversion pursuant to this Section 2.12 shall be subject to the limitations on Term Benchmark Loans set forth in the definition of “Interest Period” herein and in Article IV hereof. All such Continuations or Conversions of Loans shall be effected pro rata based on the Revolving Percentages of the applicable Lenders, as the case may be.
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2.13    Fees.
(a)    Commitment Fee. For the period beginning on the Closing Date and ending on the Stated Termination Date, the Borrower agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of each Revolving Credit Lender based on such Lender’s average daily Available Revolving Credit Commitment, the quarterly portion of the Applicable Commitment Fee for such Lender. Such fees shall be payable quarterly in arrears, such payments to be made not later than the third (3rd) Business Day of each April, July, October and January to and on the Revolving Credit Termination Date (or such earlier date on which the Revolving Credit Commitments have terminated). Such fee shall be calculated on the basis of a year of 360 days for the actual number of days elapsed.
(b)    Agent Fees. The Borrower agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for the Administrative Agent’s individual account, an annual Administrative Agent’s fee to be payable in advance and annually thereafter on the anniversary of the Closing Date such amounts as agreed to by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing.
2.14    Deficiency Advances; Failure to Purchase Participations. No Lender shall be responsible for any default of any other Lender in respect of such other Lender’s obligation to make any Loan or Advance hereunder nor shall the Revolving Credit Commitment of any Lender hereunder be increased as a result of such default of any other Lender. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or the provisions of Section 2.15, in the event any Lender shall fail to advance funds to the Borrower as herein provided, the Administrative Agent may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, advance to the Borrower all or any portion of such amount or amounts (each, a “deficiency advance”) and shall thereafter be entitled to payments of principal of and interest on such deficiency advance in the same manner and at the same interest rate or rates to which such other Lender would have been entitled had it made such Advance; provided that, (i) such defaulting Lender shall not be entitled to receive payments of principal, interest or fees with respect to such deficiency advance until such deficiency advance (together with interest thereon as provided in clause (ii)) shall be paid by such Lender and (ii) upon payment to the Administrative Agent from such other Lender of the entire outstanding amount of each such deficiency advance, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, from the most recent date or dates interest was paid to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower on each Loan comprising the deficiency advance at the Federal Funds Effective Rate, then such payment shall be credited in full payment of such deficiency advance and the Borrower shall be deemed to have borrowed the amount of such deficiency advance from such other Lender as of the most recent date or dates, as the case may be, upon which any payments of interest were made by the Borrower thereon.
2.15    Intraday Funding. Without limiting the provisions of Section 2.14, unless the Borrower or any Lender has notified the Administrative Agent not later than 12:00 Noon of the Business Day before the date any payment (including in the case of Lenders any Advance) to be made by it is due, that it does not intend to remit such payment, the Administrative Agent may, in its discretion, assume that Borrower or each Lender, as the case may be, has timely remitted such payment in the manner required hereunder and may, in its discretion and in reliance thereon, make available such payment (or portion thereof) to the Person entitled thereto as otherwise provided herein. If such payment was not in fact remitted to the Administrative Agent in the manner required hereunder, then:
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(i)    if Borrower failed to make such payment, each applicable Lender shall forthwith on demand repay to the Administrative Agent the amount of such assumed payment made available to such Lender, together with interest thereon in respect of each day from and including the date such amount was made available by the Administrative Agent to such Lender to the date such amount is repaid to the Administrative Agent at the Federal Funds Effective Rate; and
(ii)    if any Lender failed to make such payment, the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to recover such corresponding amount forthwith upon the Administrative Agent’s demand therefor, the Administrative Agent promptly shall notify the Borrower, and the Borrower shall promptly pay such corresponding amount to the Administrative Agent in immediately available funds upon receipt of such demand. The Administrative Agent also shall be entitled to recover interest on such corresponding amount in respect of each day from the date such corresponding amount was made available by the Administrative Agent to the Borrower to the date such corresponding amount is recovered by the Administrative Agent, (A) from such Lender at a rate per annum equal to the daily Federal Funds Effective Rate or (B) from the Borrower, at a rate per annum equal to the interest rate applicable to the Loan which includes such corresponding amount. Until the Administrative Agent shall recover such corresponding amount together with interest thereon, such corresponding amount shall constitute a deficiency advance within the meaning of Section 2.14. Nothing herein shall be deemed to relieve any Lender from its obligation to fulfill its commitments hereunder or to prejudice any rights which the Administrative Agent or the Borrower may have against any Lender as a result of any default by such Lender hereunder.
2.16    Use of Proceeds. The proceeds of the Loans and the Letters of Credit issued pursuant to the Letter of Credit Facility shall be used by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for general corporate purposes of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries.
2.17    [Reserved].
2.18    Increased Amounts.
(a) (i) The Borrower shall have the right from time to time, without the consent of the Lenders, subject to the terms of this Section 2.18 and provided that the Borrower has obtained any required consents of third parties, to effectuate an increase in the Total Revolving Credit Commitment under this Agreement by adding to this Agreement one or more Persons (other than a natural person or the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries) acceptable to the Borrower and reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, who shall, upon completion of the requirements of this Section 2.18, constitute a “Revolving Credit Lender” or “Revolving Credit Lenders” hereunder (each an “Added Revolving Credit Lender”), or by allowing one or more Revolving Credit Lenders in their sole discretion to increase their respective Revolving Credit Commitments hereunder (each an “Increasing Revolving Credit Lender”), so that such increased Revolving Credit Commitments shall equal the aggregate increase in the Total Revolving Credit Commitment effectuated pursuant to this Section 2.18; provided that (A) the aggregate addition of or increase in the Revolving Credit Commitment of any Revolving Credit Lender to be effected under this Section 2.18 (collectively, the “Added Revolving Credit Commitments”) shall be in an amount not less than $5,000,000, and, if greater than $5,000,000, an integral multiple of $1,000,000, (B) the sum of Added Revolving Credit Commitments and the aggregate principal amount of all Added Term Loans shall not exceed $500,000,000 and the sum of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment (after giving effect to all Added Revolving Credit Commitments) and the aggregate principal amount of all Added Term Loans shall not exceed $2,400,000,000, (C) no Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment shall be increased under this Section 2.18 without the consent of such Lender, and (D) there shall not exist any Default or Event of Default immediately prior to and immediately after giving effect to any such Added Revolving Credit Commitment.
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(ii)    The Borrower shall have the right from time to time, without the consent of the Lenders, subject to the terms of this Section 2.18 and provided that the Borrower has obtained the consents of any Lenders providing such tranche of Added Term Loans (defined below), to effectuate during the period commencing on the Closing Date and prior to the Stated Termination Date the establishment of one or more tranches of new term loans (the “Added Term Loans”); provided that each tranche of Added Term Loans (A) shall have terms and conditions reasonably satisfactory to the Borrower and each Added Term Lender (as defined below), (B) shall rank pari passu in right of payment with the Revolving Credit Loans, (C) shall be treated substantially similar to the Revolving Credit Loans; provided that (i) the terms and conditions applicable to any tranche of Added Term Loans maturing after the Stated Termination Date may provide for material additional or different financial or other covenants applicable only during periods after the Stated Termination Date, (ii) the Added Term Loans may be priced differently than the Revolving Credit Loans (including without limitation in respect of the interest rate margins, upfront fees, original issue discount, any interest rate floors and any arrangement or commitment fees applicable to the Added Term Loans), (iii) the terms of any such Added Term Loan may provide for the inclusion, as appropriate, of Added Term Lenders in any required vote or action of the Required Lenders or of the Lenders of each tranche hereunder and may provide class protection for any additional credit facilities, and (iv) the prepayment provisions with respect to any Added Term Loans may differ from those applicable to the Revolving Credit Loans, (D) shall be in an aggregate principal amount that is not less than $50,000,000, and, if greater than $50,000,000, an integral multiple of $1,000,000 and (E) shall have a final stated maturity date that is on or later than the Stated Termination Date and may provide for customary amortization; provided, further that (1) the aggregate principal amount of all Added Term Loans, plus the Total Revolving Credit Commitment hereunder, shall not exceed $2,400,000,000, (2) no Lender shall be obligated to provide all or any portion of any Added Term Loan under this Section 2.18 without the consent of such Lender, and (3) there shall not exist any Default or Event of Default immediately prior to and immediately after giving effect to any such Added Term Loans. Any Lender extending such Added Term Loans (each an “Added Term Lender”) shall be acceptable to the Borrower; provided that in no event shall any such Lender be a natural person or the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated for the primary benefit of, a natural person, or a Defaulting Lender. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any Added Term Loans the proceeds of which will be used to finance a Limited Condition Acquisition shall be subject to the provisions of Section 1.7.
(b)    The Borrower shall deliver or pay, as applicable, to the Administrative Agent not later than five (5) Business Days prior to any such increase in the Total Revolving Credit Commitment or establishment of a new tranche of Added Term Loans, as applicable, each of the following items with respect to each Added Lender and Increasing Revolving Credit Lender:
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(i)    a written notice of Borrower’s intention to increase the Total Revolving Credit Commitment or establish a new tranche of Added Term Loans, as applicable, pursuant to this Section 2.18, which shall specify each Added Lender and Increasing Revolving Credit Lender, the proposed effective date for the increase in Revolving Credit Commitments or the new tranche of Added Term Loans, as applicable, the amounts of the Added Revolving Credit Commitments or the Added Term Loans, as applicable, of each such Lender that will result (which amounts shall be subject to confirmation by the Administrative Agent), and such other information as is reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent;
(ii)    (A) documents in the form of Exhibit K or Exhibit L, as may be required by the Administrative Agent, executed and delivered by each Added Lender and each Increasing Revolving Credit Lender, pursuant to which it becomes a party hereto or increases its Revolving Credit Commitment or extends Added Term Loans, as applicable and (B) in the case of Added Term Loans, an amendment to this Agreement to the extent necessary in order to effect such Added Term Loans, which amendment shall only be required to be signed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and each Added Term Lender to the extent that such amendment relates only to such Added Term Loans or affects only the Lenders providing such Added Term Loans;
(iii)    a non-refundable processing fee of $3,500 with respect to each Added Lender or Increasing Revolving Credit Lender for the sole account of the Administrative Agent.
(c) Upon receipt of any notice referred to in clause (b) above, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender thereof and shall distribute an amended Exhibit A (which shall be deemed effective as of the Increased Commitment Date referred to below and thereupon incorporated into this Agreement) to reflect any changes therein resulting from such increase. Upon execution and delivery of the documents and the payment of the fee as described above, and (i) upon delivery to the Administrative Agent (1) in the case of an increase of the Revolving Credit Commitments, by each Added Revolving Credit Lender and Increasing Revolving Credit Lender for further delivery to the Borrower or other Revolving Credit Lenders (as applicable) of immediately available, freely transferable funds in an amount equal to, for each Added Revolving Credit Lender, such Added Lender’s Revolving Percentage (after giving effect to all Added Revolving Credit Commitments) of Revolving Credit Outstandings, and funded Participations and, for each Increasing Revolving Credit Lender, the product of the increase in such Increasing Revolving Credit Lender’s Revolving Percentage (after giving effect to all Added Revolving Credit Commitments) multiplied by the sum of Revolving Credit Outstandings and funded Participations, as applicable or (2) in the case of the Added Term Loans, by each Added Term Lender for further delivery to the Borrower of immediately available, freely transferable funds in an amount equal to such Added Term Loans being made by such Added Term Lender (in each case, the “Increased Commitment Date”), (x) each such Added Revolving Credit Lender shall constitute a “Revolving Credit Lender”, each such Added Lender in respect of an Added Term Loan shall constitute an “Added Term Lender”, and each such Added Term Lender and Added Revolving Credit Lender shall constitute a “Lender”, in each case for all purposes under this Agreement and related documents and without any acknowledgment by or the consent of the other Lenders, with a Commitment as specified in such documents and revised Exhibit A, (y) each such Increasing Revolving Credit Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment shall increase as specified in such documents and revised Exhibit A, and each such Increasing Revolving Credit Lender’s Revolving Percentage shall be adjusted to reflect the Added Revolving Credit Commitments and shall be specified in such revised Exhibit A. As of the Increased Commitment Date, (i) the respective Revolving Percentages of the Lenders shall be deemed modified as appropriate to correspond to such Added Revolving Credit Commitments and (ii) on the Increased Commitment Date with respect to Revolving Credit Commitments, to the extent necessary to keep all outstanding Revolving Credit Loans and funded Participations ratable among all Revolving Credit Lenders in accordance with any revised Revolving Percentages arising from any Added Revolving Credit Commitments under this Section 2.18, all Interest Periods then outstanding shall be deemed to be terminated without further action or consent of the Borrower and the Borrower shall pay any additional amounts required pursuant to Section 4.5 in connection therewith. In addition, with respect to increases of the Revolving Credit Commitments, if there are at such time outstanding any Revolving Credit Outstandings and funded Participations, each Revolving Credit Lender whose Revolving Percentage has been decreased as a result of the increase in the Total Revolving Credit Commitment shall be deemed to have assigned, without recourse, to each Added Revolving Credit Lender and Increasing Revolving Credit Lender such portion of such Lender’s Revolving Credit Outstandings or funded Participations as shall be necessary to effectuate such adjustment in Revolving Percentages. Each Increasing Revolving Credit Lender and Added Revolving Credit Lender with respect to increases of the Revolving Credit Commitments, (i) shall be deemed to have assumed such portion of such Revolving Credit Outstandings and funded Participations and (ii) shall fund to each other Revolving Credit Lender on the Increased Commitment Date the amount of Revolving Credit Outstandings and funded Participations assigned to it by such Lender. The Borrower agrees to pay to the Revolving Credit Lenders on demand any and all amounts required pursuant to Section 4.5 resulting from any such assignment of Revolving Credit Outstandings.
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(d)    This Section 2.18 shall supersede any provisions in Sections 11.1 and 11.6 (other than the last paragraph of Section 11.6) to the contrary.
2.19    Extension of Termination Date. (a) The Borrower may, by delivery of written requests (each, a “Termination Date Extension Request”) to the Administrative Agent no more frequently than once in any twelve month period (which shall promptly deliver a copy to each of the Lenders) not less than 60 days prior to the Stated Termination Date, request that the Lenders extend the Stated Termination Date for an additional period of one year; provided, that (i) such request shall be made to all Lenders on the same terms, (ii) one Facility may be extended even if each of the other Facilities are not also extended pursuant to such request and (iii) at no time shall the tenor of the Revolving Credit Facility be more than five years. Such Termination Date Extension Request shall set forth (A) any changes to interest rate margins, fees or other pricing that will apply to the extensions of credit by the Lenders that elect to agree to such Termination Date Extension Request (which may be higher or lower than those that apply before giving effect to such Termination Date Extension Request) and (B) any covenants or other terms that will apply solely to any period after the latest Stated Termination Date (if any) applicable to any Lender that elects to agree to such Termination Date Extension Request. Other than the extended Stated Termination Date and the changes described in clauses (A) and (B) of the immediately preceding sentence, the terms applicable to the Lenders that elect to agree to such Termination Date Extension Request shall be identical to those that applied before giving effect thereto. The Borrower may extend the Stated Termination Date pursuant to this Section 2.19 no more than twice following the Closing Date.
(b) Each Lender, the Administrative Agent and each Issuing Bank shall, by notice to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent given not later than the 15th day after the date of the Administrative Agent’s receipt of the Borrower’s Termination Date Extension Request (or such other date as the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may agree; such date, the “Extension Date”), advise the Borrower whether or not it agrees to the requested extension (each Lender and each of the Administrative Agent and each Issuing Bank agreeing to a requested extension being called a “Consenting Party”, and each Lender, the Administrative Agent and each Issuing Bank declining to agree to a requested extension being called a “Declining Party”). The Administrative Agent shall use reasonable efforts to contact each Lender and Issuing Bank to obtain a prompt response to the Termination Date Extension Request. Any Lender or Administrative Agent or each Issuing Bank that has not so advised the Borrower and the Administrative Agent by such Extension Date shall be deemed to have declined to agree to such extension and shall be a Declining Party.
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(c)    The Stated Termination Date shall, as to each Consenting Party, be extended to the date requested in the Termination Date Extension Request. The decision to agree or withhold agreement to any Termination Date Extension Request shall be at the sole discretion of each Lender and shall not require the consent of the Administrative Agent or any Issuing Bank; provided, that (i) the consent of the Administrative Agent and each Issuing Bank shall be required for such Person to continue its respective obligations and duties under the Loan Documents (but not for the extension of the Stated Termination Date), (ii) the obligations and duties under the Loan Documents of the Administrative Agent or each Issuing Bank, as applicable who does not consent to the requested extension shall terminate on the Stated Termination Date in effect prior to any such extension (such Stated Termination Date being called the “Original Stated Termination Date”) (and for the purposes of the second sentence of Section 3.1, the Original Stated Termination Date shall govern the permitted expiry date of any Letter of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank) and (iii) the Borrower and the Consenting Parties shall have the right to appoint a successor Administrative Agent or Issuing Bank to replace any such Person that does not consent to continue its respective obligations and duties under the Loan Documents in connection with such extension. The Commitment of any Lender that is a Declining Party shall terminate on the Original Stated Termination Date. The principal amount of any outstanding Loans made by a Declining Party, together with any accrued interest thereon and any accrued fees and other amounts payable to or for the account of such Declining Party hereunder, shall be due and payable on the Original Stated Termination Date, and on the Original Stated Termination Date the Borrower shall also make such other prepayments of Loans pursuant to Section 2.7, as applicable, as shall be required in order that, after giving effect to the termination of the Commitments of, and all payments to, Declining Parties pursuant to this sentence, the total Aggregate Exposure of all Lenders would not exceed the total Commitments of all Lenders.
(d)    Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.19, the Borrower shall have the right, pursuant to Section 4.7, at any time prior to the Original Stated Termination Date, to replace a Declining Party with a bank or other financial institution that will agree to the applicable Termination Date Extension Request (provided that each such bank or other financial institution, if not already a Lender (or an Affiliate of a Lender) hereunder, shall be reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent), and any such replacement Person shall for all purposes constitute a Consenting Party.
(e)    This Section 2.19 shall supersede any provisions in Sections 11.1 and 11.6 (other than the last paragraph of Section 11.6) to the contrary.
ARTICLE III

Letters of Credit
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3.1 Letters of Credit. The Issuing Banks agree, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, upon request of the Borrower, to issue from time to time for the account of the Borrower Letters of Credit upon delivery to the applicable Issuing Bank of an Application and Agreement for Letter of Credit relating thereto in form and content acceptable to such Issuing Bank; provided, that (i) no Issuing Bank shall issue (or renew) any Letter of Credit if it has been notified by the Administrative Agent or has actual knowledge that a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, (ii) the aggregate Letter of Credit Outstandings shall not exceed the Total Letter of Credit Commitment and (iii) no Letter of Credit shall be issued (or renewed) if, after giving effect thereto, Letter of Credit Outstandings plus Revolving Credit Outstandings plus outstanding Competitive Bid Loans shall exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment. No Letter of Credit shall have an expiry date (including all rights of the Borrower or any beneficiary named in such Letter of Credit to require renewal, but not any renewal options that are subject to the approval of the Issuing Bank) or payment date occurring later than the earlier to occur of one year after the date of its issuance or the fifth Business Day prior to the Stated Termination Date. Each request by the Borrower for the issuance or renewal of a Letter of Credit, whether pursuant to an Application and Agreement for Letter of Credit or otherwise, shall constitute its certification that the conditions specified in Section 5.2 with respect to such issuance or renewal have been satisfied.
3.2    Reimbursement and Participations.
(a)    The Borrower hereby unconditionally agrees to pay to the applicable Issuing Bank immediately on demand at its Applicable Lending Office all amounts required to pay all drafts drawn under any Letters of Credit in accordance with Section 2.4(c)(iv) and all reasonable expenses incurred by an Issuing Bank in connection with the Letters of Credit, and in any event and without demand to place in possession of the applicable Issuing Bank (which shall include Advances under the Revolving Credit Facility if permitted by Section 2.4) sufficient funds to pay all debts and liabilities arising under any Letter of Credit. The Borrower’s obligations to pay an Issuing Bank under this Section 3.2, and such Issuing Bank’s right to receive the same, shall be absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance whatsoever. Each Issuing Bank agrees to give the Borrower prompt notice of any request for a draw under a Letter of Credit, but failure to provide such notice shall not affect the parties’ Obligations with respect thereto. Each Issuing Bank may charge any account the Borrower may have with it for any and all amounts such Issuing Bank pays under a Letter of Credit, plus reasonable charges and reasonable expenses as from time to time agreed to by such Issuing Bank and the Borrower; provided that to the extent permitted by Section 2.4(c)(iv), such amounts shall be paid pursuant to Advances under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Borrower agrees that an Issuing Bank may, in its sole discretion, accept or pay, as complying with the terms of any Letter of Credit, any drafts or other documents otherwise in order which may be signed or issued by an administrator, executor, trustee in bankruptcy, debtor in possession, assignee for the benefit of creditors, liquidator, receiver, attorney in fact or other legal representative of a party who is authorized under such Letter of Credit to draw or issue any drafts or other documents. The Borrower agrees to pay an Issuing Bank interest on any Reimbursement Obligations not paid when due hereunder at the Default Rate.
(b)    In accordance with the provisions of Section 2.4(c), each Issuing Bank shall notify the Administrative Agent (and shall also notify the Borrower) of any drawing under any Letter of Credit as promptly as practicable following the receipt by the Issuing Bank of such drawing, but failure to provide such notice shall not affect the parties’ Obligations with respect thereto.
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(c) Each Revolving Credit Lender (other than the applicable Issuing Bank) shall automatically acquire on the date of issuance thereof, a Participation in the liability of such Issuing Bank in respect of each Letter of Credit in an amount equal to such Lender’s Revolving Percentage of such liability, and to the extent that the Borrower is obligated to pay such Issuing Bank under Section 3.2(a), each Revolving Credit Lender (other than the Issuing Bank) thereby shall absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably assume, and shall be unconditionally obligated to pay to such Issuing Bank, its Revolving Percentage of the liability of such Issuing Bank under such Letter of Credit in the manner and with the effect provided in Section 2.4(c)(iv). With respect to drawings under any of the Letters of Credit, each Revolving Credit Lender, upon receipt from the Administrative Agent of notice of a drawing in the manner described in Section 2.4(c)(iv), shall promptly pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of the applicable Issuing Bank, prior to the applicable time set forth in Section 2.4(c)(iv), its Revolving Percentage of such drawing. Simultaneously with the making of each such payment by a Revolving Credit Lender to an Issuing Bank, such Lender shall, automatically and without any further action on the part of such Issuing Bank or such Lender, acquire a Participation in an amount equal to such payment (excluding the portion thereof constituting interest accrued prior to the date such Lender made its payment) in the related Reimbursement Obligation of the Borrower. The Reimbursement Obligations of the Borrower shall be immediately due and payable upon notice to the Borrower (subject to Section 2.4(c)(iv)), whether in Advances made in accordance with Section 2.4(c)(iv) or otherwise. Each Revolving Credit Lender’s obligation to make payment to the Administrative Agent for the account of an Issuing Bank pursuant to Section 2.4(c)(iv) and this Section 3.2(c), and the right of such Issuing Bank to receive the same, shall be absolute and unconditional, shall not be affected by any circumstance whatsoever and shall be made without any offset, abatement, withholding or reduction whatsoever. In the event the Revolving Credit Lenders have purchased Participations in any Reimbursement Obligation as set forth above, then at any time payment (in fully collected, immediately available funds) of such Reimbursement Obligation, in whole or in part, is received by the applicable Issuing Bank or the Administrative Agent from the Borrower, such Issuing Bank or Administrative Agent shall promptly pay to each Revolving Credit Lender an amount equal to its Revolving Percentage of such payment from the Borrower. If any Revolving Credit Lender is obligated to pay but does not pay amounts to the Administrative Agent for the account of an Issuing Bank in full upon such request as required by this Section 3.2(c), such Lender shall, on demand, pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of such Issuing Bank interest on the unpaid amount for each day during the period commencing on the date of notice given to such Lender pursuant to Section 2.4(c) until such Lender pays such amount to the Administrative Agent for the account of such Issuing Bank in full at the Federal Funds Effective Rate.
(d)    As soon as practical following the issuance of a Letter of Credit, the applicable Issuing Bank shall notify the Administrative Agent, and the Administrative Agent shall notify each Revolving Credit Lender, of the date of issuance of such Letter of Credit, the stated amount and the expiry date of such Letter of Credit. Promptly following the end of each calendar quarter, each Issuing Bank shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a notice describing the aggregate undrawn amount of all Letters of Credit at the end of such quarter. Upon the request of any Revolving Credit Lender from time to time, each Issuing Bank shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, and the Administrative Agent shall deliver to such Lender, any other information reasonably requested by such Lender with respect to the Letter of Credit Outstandings.
(e)    Each issuance by an Issuing Bank of a Letter of Credit shall, in addition to the conditions precedent set forth in Article V, be subject to the conditions that (x) such Letter of Credit be in such form and contain such terms as shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Issuing Bank consistent with the then current practices and procedures of such Issuing Bank with respect to similar letters of credit, (y) the issuance of such Letter of Credit shall not violate any written policy of the Issuing Bank, and (z) the Borrower shall have executed and delivered such other instruments and agreements relating to such Letters of Credit as the Issuing Bank shall have reasonably requested consistent with such practices and procedures. Except as otherwise provided therein, all Letters of Credit shall be governed by the rules of the “International Standby Practices 1998” published by the Institute of International Banking Law & Practice (or such later version thereof as may be in effect at the time of issuance).
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(f) Without limiting the generality of the provisions of Section 11.9, the Borrower hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Issuing Bank, each other Revolving Credit Lender and the Administrative Agent from and against any and all claims and damages, losses, liabilities, and reasonable costs and expenses which such Issuing Bank, such other Revolving Credit Lender or the Administrative Agent may incur (or which may be claimed against such Issuing Bank, such other Revolving Credit Lender or the Administrative Agent) by any Person by reason of or in connection with the issuance or transfer of or payment or failure to pay under any Letter of Credit; provided that the Borrower shall not be required to indemnify an Issuing Bank, any other Revolving Credit Lender or the Administrative Agent for any claims, damages, losses, liabilities, costs or expenses to the extent, but only to the extent, (i) caused by the willful misconduct or gross negligence of the party to be indemnified or (ii) caused by the failure of an Issuing Bank to pay under any Letter of Credit after the presentation to it of a request for payment strictly complying with the terms and conditions of such Letter of Credit, unless such payment is prohibited by any law, regulation, court order or decree or failure to pay is permitted under the terms of the applicable Letter of Credit. The indemnification and hold harmless provisions of this Section 3.2(f) shall survive repayment of the Obligations, occurrence of the Revolving Credit Termination Date, the Facility Termination Date and expiration or termination of this Agreement.
(g)    Without limiting the provisions of Section 3.2(f), the obligation of the Borrower to immediately reimburse an Issuing Bank for drawings made under Letters of Credit and each Issuing Bank’s right to receive such payment shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, and such obligations of the Borrower shall be performed strictly in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and such Letters of Credit and the related Application and Agreement for any Letter of Credit, under all circumstances whatsoever, including the following circumstances:
(i)    any lack of validity or enforceability of the Letter of Credit, the obligation supported by the Letter of Credit or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto (collectively, the “Related LC Documents”);
(ii)    any amendment or waiver of or any consent to or departure from all or any of the Related LC Documents;
(iii)    the existence of any claim, setoff, defense (other than the defense of payment in accordance with the terms of this Agreement) or other rights which the Borrower may have at any time against any beneficiary or any transferee of a Letter of Credit (or any persons or entities for whom any such beneficiary or any such transferee may be acting), the Administrative Agent, the Lenders or any other Person, whether in connection with the Loan Documents, the Related LC Documents or any unrelated transaction;
(iv)    any breach of contract or other dispute between the Borrower and any beneficiary or any transferee of a Letter of Credit (or any persons or entities for whom such beneficiary or any such transferee may be acting), the Administrative Agent, the Lenders or any other Person;
(v)    any draft, statement or any other document presented under the Letter of Credit proving to be forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or inaccurate in any respect whatsoever so long as any such document appeared to comply with the terms of the Letter of Credit;
(vi) any delay, extension of time, renewal, compromise or other indulgence or modification granted or agreed to by the Administrative Agent, with or without notice to or approval by the Borrower in respect of any of Borrower’s Obligations; or
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(vii)    any other circumstance or happening whatsoever where the applicable Issuing Bank has acted in good faith, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing;
provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall be deemed to release an Issuing Bank or any other Lender of any liability for actual loss arising as a result of its gross negligence or willful misconduct or out of the wrongful dishonor by an Issuing Bank of a proper demand for payment made under and strictly complying with the terms of any Letter of Credit.
3.3    Governmental Action. No Issuing Bank shall be under any obligation to issue any Letter of Credit if any order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator shall by its terms purport to enjoin or restrain such Issuing Bank from issuing such Letter of Credit, or any law applicable to such Issuing Bank or any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over such Issuing Bank shall prohibit, or request that such Issuing Bank refrain from, the issuance of letters of credit generally or such Letter of Credit in particular or shall impose upon such Issuing Bank with respect to such Letter of Credit any restriction, reserve or capital requirement (for which such Issuing Bank is not otherwise compensated hereunder) not in effect on the Closing Date, or shall impose upon the Letter of Credit any unreimbursed loss, cost or expense which was not applicable on the Closing Date and which such Issuing Bank in good faith deems material to it, unless the Borrower agrees to compensate the Issuing Bank for such restriction, reserve, capital requirement, loss, cost or expense on terms satisfactory to the Issuing Bank.
3.4    Letter of Credit Fee. The Borrower agrees to pay (i) to the Administrative Agent, for the pro rata benefit of the Revolving Credit Lenders based on their Revolving Percentages, a fee on the aggregate amount available to be drawn on each Letter of Credit Outstanding at a rate equal to the Applicable Term Benchmark Margin with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility as in effect from time to time, and (ii) to the applicable Issuing Bank, as issuer of each Letter of Credit, an issuance fee in such amount as may be agreed by such Issuing Bank and the Borrower from time to time. Such payments of fees provided for in this Section 3.4 shall be due with respect to each Letter of Credit quarterly in arrears, such payment to be made not later than the third (3rd) Business Day of each April, July, October and January, commencing on the first such date following the issuance of a Letter of Credit under this Agreement. Such fees shall be calculated on the basis of a year of 360 days for the actual number of days elapsed.
3.5    Administrative Fees. The Borrower shall pay to any Issuing Bank such standard administrative fee and other standard fees, if any, in connection with the Letters of Credit in such amounts and at such times as such Issuing Bank and the Borrower shall agree from time to time.
ARTICLE IV

Change in Circumstances
4.1    Increased Cost and Reduced Return.
(a) If after the date hereof, the adoption of any applicable law, rule, or regulation, or any change in any applicable law, rule, or regulation, or any change in the interpretation or administration thereof by any Governmental Authority, central bank, or comparable agency charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by any Lender (or its Applicable Lending Office) with any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) of any such Governmental Authority, central bank, or comparable agency:
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(i)    shall subject such Lender (or its Applicable Lending Office) to any increase in the cost (other than Taxes and Other Taxes) of making or maintaining any Term Benchmark Loans, any Competitive Bid Loans bearing interest at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or its obligation to make Term Benchmark Loans or Competitive Bid Loans at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate;
(ii)    shall impose, modify, or deem applicable any reserve, special deposit, assessment or similar requirement relating to any extensions of credit or other assets of, or any deposits with or other liabilities or commitments of, such Lender (or its Applicable Lending Office), including the Revolving Credit Commitment of such Lender hereunder;
(iii)    shall impose on such Lender (or its Applicable Lending Office) any other condition affecting this Agreement or any of such extensions of credit or liabilities or commitments; or
(iv)    shall subject the Administrative Agent or any Lender to any Taxes (other than (A) Indemnified Taxes, (B) Taxes described in clauses (b) through (d) of the definition of Excluded Taxes and (C) Other Connection Taxes that are imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated) or that are franchise Taxes or branch profits Taxes) on its loans, loan principal, letters of credit, commitments, or other obligations, or its deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto;
and the result of any of the foregoing is to increase the cost to such Lender or the Administrative Agent (or its Applicable Lending Office), by an amount deemed material by such Lender or the Administrative Agent, as the case may be, of making, Converting into, Continuing, or maintaining any Loans or to reduce any sum received or receivable by such Lender or the Administrative Agent (or its Applicable Lending Office) under this Agreement in each case with respect to any Term Benchmark Rate Loans or any Competitive Bid Loans bearing interest at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate (or in the case of clause (iv), any Loans), then, within ten (10) Business Days of the Borrower’s receipt of a request certifying in reasonable detail calculations of such amount and in reasonable detail, the basis therefor, the Borrower shall pay to such Lender or the Administrative Agent such amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or the Administrative Agent for such increased cost or reduction; provided, that no Lender shall be entitled to claim any such amount or amounts for such increased cost or reduction incurred more than 90 days prior to the delivery of such request and such amounts shall be no greater than amounts that such Lender charges other borrowers or account parties on loans or letters of credit (as the case may be) similarly situated to the Borrower in connection with substantially similar facilities; provided further that, if the adoption or change of any law, rule or regulation (or change in the interpretation thereof) giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the 90-day period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof but in no event shall be extended to a total period greater than 180 days; provided finally that, in any such case, the Borrower may, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, elect to convert the Term Benchmark Loans made by such Lender hereunder to Base Rate Loans by giving the Administrative Agent at least two Business Days’ notice of such election, in which case the Borrower shall promptly pay to such Lender, upon demand, without duplication, amounts theretofore required to be paid to such Lender pursuant to this Section 4.1(a).
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If any Lender requests compensation by the Borrower under this Section 4.1(a), the Borrower may, by notice to such Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), suspend the obligation of such Lender to make or Continue Loans of the Type with respect to which such compensation is requested, or to Convert Loans of any other Type into Loans of such Type, until the event or condition giving rise to such request ceases to be in effect (in which case the provisions of Section 4.4 shall be applicable); provided that such suspension shall not affect the right of such Lender to receive the compensation so requested.
(b)    If after the date hereof any Lender shall have determined that the adoption of any applicable law, rule, or regulation regarding capital adequacy or liquidity requirements or any change therein after the date hereof or in the interpretation or administration thereof after the date hereof by any Governmental Authority, central bank, or comparable agency charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or any request or directive made or issued after the date hereof regarding capital adequacy or liquidity requirements (whether or not having the force of law) of any such Governmental Authority, central bank, or comparable agency, has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on the capital of such Lender or any corporation controlling such Lender as a consequence of such Lender’s obligations hereunder by an amount deemed material by such Lender and to a level below that which such Lender or such corporation could have achieved but for such adoption, change, request, or directive (taking into consideration its policies with respect to capital adequacy or liquidity), then, within ten (10) Business Days of the Borrower’s receipt of a request certifying in reasonable detail calculations of such amount and in reasonable detail, the basis therefor, the Borrower shall pay to such Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender for such reduction, provided, that no Lender shall be entitled to claim any such amount or amounts for such increased cost incurred more than 90 days prior to the delivery of such request and such amounts shall be no greater than amounts that such Lender charges other borrowers or account parties on loans or letters of credit (as the case may be) similarly situated to the Borrower in connection with substantially similar facilities.
(c)    Each Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent of any event of which it has knowledge, occurring after the date hereof, which will entitle such Lender to compensation pursuant to this Section 4.1 and will designate a different Applicable Lending Office if such designation will avoid the need for, or reduce the amount of, such compensation and will not, in the judgment of such Lender, be otherwise disadvantageous to it. Any Lender claiming compensation under this Section 4.1 shall furnish to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent a statement setting forth the additional amount or amounts to be paid to it hereunder which shall be conclusive in the absence of manifest error. In determining such amount, such Lender shall act reasonably and in good faith and may use any reasonable averaging and attribution methods.
(d)    The provisions of this Section 4.1 shall continue in effect notwithstanding the Facility Termination Date.
(e)    Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements and directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or by United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, and (ii) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements and directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith or in implementation thereof, shall in each case be deemed to be a change in law, regardless of the date enacted, adopted, issued or implemented.
(f)    [Reserved].
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4.2    Alternate Rate of Interest.
(a) Subject to clauses (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) of this Section 4.2, if:
(i)    the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error) (A) prior to the commencement of any Interest Period for a Term Benchmark Loan or a Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, that adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate (including because the Term SOFR Reference Rate is not available or published on a current basis), for such Interest Period or (B) at any time, that adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the applicable Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR; or
(ii)    the Administrative Agent is advised by the Required Lenders (or, in the case of a Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, the Lender that is required to make such Loan) that (A) prior to the commencement of any Interest Period for a Term Benchmark Loan or a Competitive Bid Borrowing at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for such Interest Period will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders (or Lender) of making or maintaining their Loans (or its Loan) included in such borrowing for such Interest Period or (B) at any time, Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders (or Lender) of making or maintaining their Loans (or its Loan) included in such borrowing;
then the Administrative Agent shall give notice thereof to the Borrower and the Lenders by telecopy or electronic mail as promptly as practicable thereafter and, until (x) the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower and the Lenders that the circumstances giving rise to such notice no longer exist with respect to the relevant Benchmark and (y) the Borrower delivers a new Borrowing Notice in accordance with the terms of Section 2.4, a new Competitive Bid Quote Request in accordance with the terms of Section 2.5 or a new notice of Conversion in accordance with Section 2.12, (A) any notice of Conversion that requests the Conversion of any Loan to, or Continuation of any Loan as, a Term Benchmark Loan or Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, (B) any Borrowing Notice that requests a Term Benchmark Loan and (C) any Competitive Bid Quote Request that requests a Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate shall instead be deemed to be a Borrowing Notice or notice of Conversion or Continuation, as applicable, for (x) an RFR Loan so long as the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is not also the subject of Section 4.2(a)(i) or (ii) above or (y) a Base Rate Loan if the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR also is the subject of Section 4.2(a)(i) or (ii) above; provided that if the circumstances giving rise to such notice affect only one Type of Loan, then all other Types of Loans shall be permitted. Furthermore, if any Term Benchmark Loan, Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loan is outstanding on the date of the Borrower’s receipt of the notice from the Administrative Agent referred to in this Section 4.2(a) with respect to a Relevant Rate applicable to such Term Benchmark Loan, Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loan, then until (x) the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower and the Lenders that the circumstances giving rise to such notice no longer exist with respect to the relevant Benchmark and (y) the Borrower delivers a new Borrowing Notice in accordance with the terms of Section 2.4, a new Competitive Bid Quote Request in accordance with the terms of Section 2.5, or a new notice of Conversion or Continuation in accordance with Section 2.12, (I) any Term Benchmark Loan or Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate shall on the last day of the Interest Period applicable to such Loan, be converted by the Administrative Agent to, and shall constitute, (x) an RFR Loan so long as the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is not also the subject of Section 4.2(a)(i) or (ii) above or (y)
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with respect to Term Benchmark Loans, a Base Rate Loan if the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR also is the subject of Section 4.2(a)(i) or (ii) above, on such day, and (II) if the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is subject to Section 4.2(a)(i)(B) or Section 4.2(a)(ii)(B), any RFR Loan shall on and from such day be converted by the Administrative Agent to, and shall constitute, a Base Rate Loan.
(b)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, if a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred prior to the Reference Time in respect of any setting of the then-current Benchmark, then (x) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (1) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in respect of such Benchmark setting and subsequent Benchmark settings without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document and (y) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (2) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in respect of any Benchmark setting at or after 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the fifth (5th) Business Day after the date notice of such Benchmark Replacement is provided to the Lenders without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document so long as the Administrative Agent has not received, by such time, written notice of objection to such Benchmark Replacement from Lenders comprising the Required Lenders.
(c)     Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, the Administrative Agent (in consultation with the Borrower) will have the right to make Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes from time to time and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, any amendments implementing such Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes will become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document.
(d)     The Administrative Agent will promptly notify the Borrower and the Lenders of (1) any occurrence of a Benchmark Transition Event, (2) the implementation of any Benchmark Replacement, (3) the effectiveness of any Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes, (4) the removal or reinstatement of any tenor of a Benchmark pursuant to clause (e) below and (5) the commencement or conclusion of any Benchmark Unavailability Period. Any determination, decision or election that may be made by the Administrative Agent or, if applicable, any Lender (or group of Lenders) pursuant to this Section 4.2, including any determination with respect to a tenor, rate or adjustment or of the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, circumstance or date and any decision to take or refrain from taking any action or any selection, will be conclusive and binding absent manifest error and may be made in its or their sole discretion and without consent from any other party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, except, in each case, as expressly required pursuant to this Section 4.2.
(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, at any time (including in connection with the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement), (1) if the then-current Benchmark is a term rate (including the Term SOFR Rate) and either (a) any tenor for such Benchmark is not displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion or (b) the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark has provided a public statement or publication of information announcing that any tenor for such Benchmark is or will be no longer representative, then the Administrative Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” for any Benchmark settings at or after such time to remove such unavailable or non-representative tenor and (2) if a tenor that was removed pursuant to clause (i) above either (a) is subsequently displayed on a screen or information service for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement) or (b) is not, or is no longer, subject to an announcement that it is or will no longer be representative for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement), then the Administrative Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” for all Benchmark settings at or after such time to reinstate such previously removed tenor.
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(f)    Upon the Borrower’s receipt of notice of the commencement of a Benchmark Unavailability Period, the Borrower may revoke any request for a Term Benchmark Loan or a Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate, or Conversion to or Continuation of Term Benchmark Loans or Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate to be made, converted or continued during any Benchmark Unavailability Period and, failing that, the Borrower will be deemed to have converted any request for a Term Benchmark Loan or a Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate into a request for a borrowing of or Conversion to (A) an RFR Loan so long as the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is not the subject of a Benchmark Transition Event or (B) with respect to Term Benchmark Loans, a Base Rate Loan if the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is the subject of a Benchmark Transition Event. During any Benchmark Unavailability Period or at any time that a tenor for the then-current Benchmark is not an Available Tenor, the component of Base Rate based upon the then-current Benchmark or such tenor for such Benchmark, as applicable, will not be used in any determination of Base Rate. Furthermore, if any Term Benchmark Loan, Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loan is outstanding on the date of the Borrower’s receipt of notice of the commencement of a Benchmark Unavailability Period with respect to a Relevant Rate applicable to such Term Benchmark Loan, Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loan, then until such time as a Benchmark Replacement is implemented pursuant to this Section 4.2, (I) any Term Benchmark Loan, Competitive Bid Loan at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate shall on the last day of the Interest Period applicable to such Loan, be converted by the Administrative Agent to, and shall constitute, (x) an RFR Loan so long as the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is not the subject of a Benchmark Transition Event or (y) with respect to Term Benchmark Loans, a Base Rate Loan if the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is the subject of a Benchmark Transition Event, on such day, and (II) if the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR is the subject of a Benchmark Transition Event, any RFR Loan shall on and from such day be converted by the Administrative Agent to, and shall constitute, a Base Rate Loan.
4.3    Illegality. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, in the event that, after the date hereof, it becomes unlawful for any Lender or its Applicable Lending Office to make, maintain, or fund Term Benchmark Rate Loans, Competitive Bid Loans bearing interest at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loans hereunder, then such Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower thereof and such Lender’s obligation to make or Continue Term Benchmark Rate Loans, Competitive Bid Loans bearing interest at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loans (as the case may be) and to Convert other Types of Loans into Term Benchmark Rate Loans, Competitive Bid Loans bearing interest at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loans (as the case may be) shall be suspended until such time as such Lender may again make, maintain, and fund Term Benchmark Rate Loans, Competitive Bid Loans bearing interest at the Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or RFR Loans, as the case may be (in which case the provisions of Section 4.4 shall be applicable).
4.4 Treatment of Affected Loans. If the obligation of any Lender to make a Term Benchmark Rate Loan, a Competitive Bid Loan bearing interest at a Term Benchmark Competitive Rate or an RFR Loan or to Continue, or to Convert Loans of any other Type into, Loans of a particular Type shall be suspended pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.3 hereof (Loans of such Type being herein called “Affected Loans” and such Type being herein called the “Affected Type”), such Lender’s Affected Loans shall be automatically Converted into Base Rate Loans on the last day(s) of the then current Interest Period(s) for Affected Loans (or, in the case of a Conversion required by Section 4.3 hereof, on such earlier date as such Lender may specify to the Borrower with a copy to the Administrative Agent) and, unless and until such Lender gives notice as provided below that the circumstances specified in Section 4.1 or 4.3 hereof that gave rise to such Conversion no longer exist:
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(a)    to the extent that such Lender’s Affected Loans have been so Converted, all payments and prepayments of principal that would otherwise be applied to such Lender’s Affected Loans shall be applied instead to its Base Rate Loans; and
(b)    all Loans that would otherwise be made or Continued by such Lender as Loans of the Affected Type shall be made or Continued instead as Base Rate Loans, and all Loans of such Lender that would otherwise be Converted into Loans of the Affected Type shall be Converted instead into (or shall remain as) Base Rate Loans.
If such Lender gives notice to the Borrower (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) that the circumstances specified in Section 4.1 or 4.3 hereof that gave rise to the Conversion of such Lender’s Affected Loans pursuant to this Section 4.4 no longer exist (which such Lender agrees to do promptly upon such circumstances ceasing to exist) at a time when Loans of the Affected Type made by other Lenders are outstanding, such Lender’s Base Rate Loans shall be automatically Converted, on the first day(s) of the next succeeding Interest Period(s) as selected by the Borrower for such outstanding Loans of the Affected Type, to the extent necessary so that, after giving effect thereto, all Loans held by the Lenders holding Loans of the Affected Type and by such Lender are held pro rata (as to principal amounts, Types, and Interest Periods) in accordance with their respective Revolving Percentages.
4.5    Compensation. Upon demand of any Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) from time to time, the Borrower shall promptly compensate such Lender for and hold such Lender harmless from any loss, cost or expense incurred by it as a result of:
(a)    any continuation, conversion, payment or prepayment of any Term Benchmark Rate Loan or Competitive Bid Loan on a day other than the last day of the Interest Period for such Loan (whether voluntary, mandatory, automatic, by reason of acceleration, or otherwise); or
(b)    any failure by the Borrower (for a reason other than the failure of such Lender to make a Loan notwithstanding satisfaction of all conditions precedent thereto) to prepay, borrow, Continue (including by reason of any prepayment) or Convert any Term Benchmark Rate Loan on the date or in the amount notified by the Borrower;
including any loss or expense arising from the liquidation or reemployment of funds obtained by it to maintain such Loan or from fees payable to terminate the deposits from which such funds were obtained. The Borrower shall also pay any customary administrative fees charged by such Lender in connection with the foregoing.
For purposes of calculating amounts payable by the Borrower to the Lenders under this Section 4.5, each Lender shall be deemed to have funded each Term Benchmark Rate Loan or Competitive Bid Loan made by it at the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate used in determining the Term Benchmark Rate or Term Benchmark Competitive Rate for such Loan by a matching deposit or other borrowing in the applicable offshore Dollar interbank market for a comparable amount and for a comparable period, whether or not such Term Benchmark Rate Loan was in fact so funded.
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The provisions of this Section 4.5 shall continue in effect notwithstanding the Facility Termination Date.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, each Lender party hereto on the Closing Date hereby agrees that the Borrower shall not be required to make payments to such Lender under this Section 4.5 solely to the extent such payments would arise from the continuation of the Revolving Credit Loans of such Lender in each case on the Closing Date.
4.6    Taxes.
(a)    Except as required by applicable law, any and all payments by or on behalf of any Loan Party to or for the account of any Lender or the Administrative Agent hereunder or under any Loan Document shall be made free and clear of and without deduction or withholding for any and all present or future taxes, duties, levies, imposts, deductions, charges or withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees, or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto (“Taxes”). If any Withholding Agent shall, in its good faith determination, be required by law to deduct or withhold any Taxes from or in respect of any sum payable under this Agreement or any other Loan Document to any Lender or the Administrative Agent, then the applicable Withholding Agent shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding and shall timely pay the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law and, if such Tax is an Indemnified Tax, then the sum payable by the applicable Loan Party shall be increased as necessary so that after making all required deductions or withholdings (including deductions or withholdings applicable to additional sums payable under this Section 4.6) such Lender or the Administrative Agent receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deductions or withholdings been made.
(b)    The Loan Parties agree to timely pay to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law, or at the option of the Administrative Agent timely reimburse it for the payment of, any and all present or future stamp, court, or documentary, intangible, recording, filing taxes and any other excise or property taxes or charges or similar Taxes which arise from any payment made under this Agreement or any other Loan Document or from the execution, performance, enforcement or registration of, from the receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or delivery of, or otherwise with respect to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document (hereinafter referred to as “Other Taxes”).
(c)    The Borrower agrees to indemnify each Lender and the Administrative Agent, within 10 days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes (including, without limitation, any Indemnified Taxes imposed or asserted by any jurisdiction on amounts payable under this Section 4.6) payable or paid by such Lender or the Administrative Agent (as the case may be) and any liability (including penalties, interest, and expenses) arising therefrom or with respect thereto. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Borrower by a Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), or by the Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
(d)    
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(i) Any Lender that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding Tax with respect to payments hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall deliver to the Borrower (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), at the time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or Administrative Agent, such properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by applicable law as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding. In addition, any Lender, if reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine whether or not such Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding two sentences, the completion, execution and submission of such documentation (other than such documentation set forth in Section 4.6(d)(ii)(1), (ii)(2) and (ii)(4) below) shall not be required if in the Lender's reasonable judgment such completion, execution or submission would subject such Lender to any material unreimbursed cost or expense or would materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of such Lender.
(ii)    Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
(1)    each Lender that is a “United States Person” as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code (a “U.S. Lender”) shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent on or prior to the date on which such Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (or, in the case of any Participant, on or before the date such Participant purchases the related participation) and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, two executed copies of U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Form W-9 certifying that such Lender is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding tax;
(2)    each Lender that is not a “United States Person” as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code (a “Non-U.S. Lender”) shall, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (or, in the case of a Participant, to the Lender from which the related participation shall have been purchased), whichever of the following is applicable:
(A)    in the case of a Non-U.S. Lender claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party (x) with respect to payments of interest under any Loan Document, two executed copies of IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, establishing an exemption from, or reduction of U.S. federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “interest” article of such tax treaty and (y) with respect to any other applicable payments under any Loan Document, two executed copies of IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, establishing an exemption from, or reduction of U.S. federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “business profits” or “other income” article of such tax treaty;
(B)    two executed copies of IRS Form W-8ECI;
(C) in the case of a Non-U.S. Lender claiming exemption from U.S. federal withholding tax under Section 871(h) or 881(c) of the Code with respect to payments of “portfolio interest”, a statement substantially in the form of Exhibit M to the effect that such Non-U.S. Lender is not a “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, a “10-percent shareholder” of the Borrower within the meaning of Section 871(h)(3)(B) of the Code, or a “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code (a “U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate”) and two executed copies of the applicable IRS Form W-8, W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E; or
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(D)     to the extent a Non-U.S. Lender is not the beneficial owner, two executed copies of IRS Form W-8IMY, accompanied by IRS Form W-8ECI, W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E, a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit M, IRS Form W-9 and/or other certification documents from each beneficial owner, as applicable; provided that if the Non-U.S. Lender is a partnership and one or more direct or indirect partners of such Non-U.S. Lender are claiming the portfolio interest exemption, such Non-U.S. Lender may provide a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit M on behalf of each such direct and indirect partner.
(3)    Such forms shall be delivered by each Non-U.S. Lender on or before the date it becomes a party to this Agreement (or, in the case of any Participant, on or before the date such Participant purchases the related participation) and from time to time thereafter upon the request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent. In addition, each Non-U.S. Lender shall deliver such forms promptly upon the obsolescence or invalidity of any form previously delivered by such Non-U.S. Lender. Each Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent at any time it determines that it is no longer in a position to provide any previously delivered certificate to the Borrower or Administrative Agent (or any other form of certification adopted by the U.S. taxing authorities for such purpose). Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section, a Lender shall not be required to deliver any form pursuant to this Section that such Lender is not legally able to deliver.
(4)    If a payment made to a Lender under any Loan Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if such Lender were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Lender shall deliver to Borrower and the Administrative Agent at the time or times prescribed by applicable law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent such documentation prescribed by law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such Lender has complied with such Lender’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment. Solely for purposes of this clause (4), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement.

Each Lender agrees that if any form or certification it previously delivered expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, it shall update such form or certification or promptly notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent in writing of its legal inability to do so.
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(e)    Each Lender shall indemnify the Administrative Agent for the full amount of any taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions, withholdings or similar charges imposed by any Governmental Authority that are attributable to such Lender (including, but not limited to, any Taxes attributable to such Lender’s failure to comply with the provisions of Section 11.1(c)(iii) relating to the maintenance of a Participant Register) and that are payable or paid by the Administrative Agent, together with all interest, penalties, reasonable costs and expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, as determined by the Administrative Agent in good faith. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to any Lender by the Administrative Agent shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
(f)    If the Borrower is required to pay additional amounts to or for the account of any Lender pursuant to this Section 4.6, then such Lender will agree to use reasonable efforts to change the jurisdiction of its Applicable Lending Office so as to eliminate or reduce any such additional payment which may thereafter accrue if such change, in the reasonable judgment of such Lender, is not otherwise disadvantageous to such Lender.
(g)    As soon as practicable after any payment of Taxes by any Loan Party to a Governmental Authority pursuant to this Section 4.6, such Loan Party shall furnish to the Administrative Agent the original or certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other reasonably acceptable documentation evidencing such payment.
(h)     If any party determines, in its sole discretion, exercised in good faith, that it has received a refund of any Taxes as to which it has been indemnified pursuant to this Section 4.6 (including by the payment of additional amounts pursuant to this Section 4.6), it shall pay to the indemnifying party an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made under this Section 4.6 with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including Taxes) of such indemnified party and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund). Such indemnifying party, upon the request of such indemnified party, shall repay to such indemnified party the amount paid over pursuant to this paragraph (h) (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) in the event that such indemnified party is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. This paragraph shall not be construed to require any indemnified party to make available its Tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes that it deems confidential) to the indemnifying party or any other Person. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph (h), in no event will the indemnified party be required to pay any amount to an indemnifying party pursuant to this paragraph (h) the payment of which would place the indemnified party in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the indemnified party would have been in if the Tax subject to indemnification and giving rise to such refund had not been deducted, withheld or otherwise imposed and the indemnification payments or additional amounts with respect to such Tax had never been paid.
(i)    The provisions of this Section 4.6 shall continue in effect notwithstanding the Facility Termination Date.
(j)    For purposes of determining withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA, from and after the Closing Date, the Borrower and the Administrative Agent shall treat (and the Lenders hereby authorize the Administrative Agent to treat) the Loan as not qualifying as a “grandfathered obligation” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.1471-2(b)(2)(i).
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4.7 Replacement Lenders. The Borrower may, in its sole discretion, on prior written notice to the Administrative Agent and a Lender, cause a Lender that (a) is or may become entitled to receive any indemnification payment, additional amount or other compensation under this Article IV or that fails to make Loans for the reasons provided in this Article IV, (b) is a Defaulting Lender or (c) does not consent to any proposed amendment, supplement, modification, consent or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document that requires the consent of each of the Lenders or each of the Lenders affected thereby (so long as the consent of the Required Lenders has been obtained) to (and such Lender shall) assign pursuant to Section 11.1 hereof (with such Lender being deemed to have executed an Assignment and Assumption for the purpose of effecting such assignment), all of its rights and obligations under this Agreement to another Lender, an Affiliate of another Lender or a Person reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent and designated by the Borrower which is willing to become a Lender for a purchase price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Loans payable to such Lender, together with any accrued but unpaid interest on such Loans, any accrued but unpaid fees with respect to such Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment and any other amounts payable to such Lender under this Agreement; provided, that any expenses or other amounts which would be owing to such Lender pursuant to any indemnification provision hereunder shall be payable by the Borrower to such Lender. The replacement Lender under this Section shall pay the applicable processing fee under Section 11.1. Each party hereto agrees that an assignment required pursuant to this paragraph may be effected pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption executed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the assignee and that the Lender required to make such assignment need not be a party thereto.
4.8    Defaulting Revolving Lenders. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, if any Revolving Credit Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then the following provisions shall apply for so long as such Revolving Credit Lender is a Defaulting Lender:
(a)    commitment fees shall cease to accrue on the Available Revolving Credit Commitment (if any) of such Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 2.13(a);
(b)    if any Letter of Credit Outstandings exist at the time such Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender then:
(i)    all or any part of such Letter of Credit Outstandings shall be reallocated among the non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lenders in accordance with their respective Revolving Percentages but only to the extent (w) the sum of all non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lenders’ Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations does not exceed the total of all non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lenders’ Revolving Credit Commitments, (x) such reallocation does not cause the aggregate Revolving Credit Loans and Letter of Credit Outstandings of any non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lender to exceed such non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment and (y) the conditions set forth in Section 5.2 are satisfied at such time; and
(ii) if the reallocation described in clause (i) above cannot, or can only partially, be effected, within one Business Day following notice by the Administrative Agent, (1) if a drawing is made under any Letter of Credit, the Borrower shall reimburse the Issuing Bank in accordance with Section 2.4(c)(iv) and (2) if a Letter of Credit is requested by the Borrower in accordance with Section 3.1 during any period where there is a Defaulting Lender, the Borrower shall enter into an arrangement reasonably satisfactory to the Issuing Bank to cover in whole or in part (which such arrangement may include cash collateralization) the exposure of the Issuing Bank related to the participating interests of such Defaulting Lender in such newly issued Letter of Credit Outstandings (after giving effect to any partial reallocation pursuant to clause (i) above) for so long as such Lender is a Defaulting Lender or until such Lender is replaced pursuant to Section 4.7;
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(iii)    if and so long as the Borrower cash collateralizes any portion of such Defaulting Lender’s Revolving Percentage of Letter of Credit Outstandings pursuant to Section 4.8(b)(ii), then, in the case of any such Defaulting Lender that is a Revolving Credit Lender, the Borrower shall not be required to pay any fees to such Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 3.4 with respect thereto;
(iv)    upon any reallocation described in clause (i) above, the fees payable to the Revolving Credit Lenders pursuant to Sections 2.13(a) and 3.4 shall be adjusted accordingly; and
(v)    if any such Defaulting Lender’s Revolving Percentage of Letter of Credit Outstandings is neither cash collateralized nor reallocated pursuant to Section 4.8(b)(i), then, if such Defaulting Lender is a Revolving Credit Lender, without prejudice to any rights or remedies of the Issuing Banks or any Lender hereunder, all letter of credit fees payable under Section 3.4 with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s Revolving Percentage of Letter of Credit Outstandings shall be payable to the relevant Issuing Bank until such cash collateralization and/or reallocation occurs;
(c)    no Issuing Bank shall be required to issue, amend or increase any Letter of Credit, unless it is reasonably satisfied that the related exposure will be covered in whole or in part by the Revolving Credit Commitments of the non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lenders and/or cash collateral or other arrangements will be provided by the Borrower in accordance with Section 4.8(b)(ii), and participating interests in any such newly issued or increased Letter of Credit shall be (i) allocated among non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lenders and/or (ii) covered by arrangements made by the Borrower pursuant to Section 4.8(b)(ii) in a manner consistent with Section 4.8(b)(i) and (ii) (and any such Defaulting Lenders shall not participate therein); and
(d) in the case of any Defaulting Lender that is a Revolving Credit Lender, any amount payable to such Defaulting Lender hereunder (whether on account of principal, interest, fees or otherwise and including any amount that would otherwise be payable to such Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 11.3 but excluding Section 4.7) shall, in lieu of being distributed to such Defaulting Lender and without duplication, be retained by the Administrative Agent in a segregated interest-bearing account reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Borrower and, subject to any applicable requirements of law, be applied at such time or times as may be determined by the Administrative Agent (i) first, to the payment of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent hereunder, (ii) second, pro rata, to the payment of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Lender to the Issuing Banks hereunder, (iii) third, if so determined by the Administrative Agent or requested by an Issuing Bank, held in such account as cash collateral for existing or (unless such Defaulting Lender has no remaining unutilized Revolving Credit Commitment) future funding obligations of the Defaulting Lender in respect of any existing or (unless such Defaulting Lender has no remaining unutilized Revolving Credit Commitment) future Participation in any Letter of Credit, (iv) fourth, as the Borrower may request (so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing), to the funding of any Revolving Credit Loan in respect of which such Defaulting Lender has failed to fund its portion thereof as required by this Agreement, as determined by the Administrative Agent, (v) fifth, if so determined by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower, unless such Defaulting Lender has no remaining unutilized Revolving Credit Commitment, held in such account as cash collateral for future funding obligations of the Defaulting Lender in respect of any Revolving Credit Loans under this Agreement, (vi) sixth, to the payment of any amounts owing to any Issuing Bank as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by such Issuing Bank against such Defaulting Lender as a result of such Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement, (vii) seventh, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Borrower or any Guarantor as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by the Borrower or any Guarantor against such Defaulting Lender as a result of such Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement, and (viii) eighth, to such Defaulting Lender or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction, provided, that, with respect to this clause (viii), if such payment is (x) a prepayment of the principal amount of any Revolving Credit Loans or Reimbursement Obligations as to which a Defaulting Lender has funded its Participation and (y) made at a time when the conditions set forth in Section 5.2 are satisfied, such payment shall be applied solely to prepay the Revolving Credit Loans of, and Reimbursement Obligations owed to, all non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lenders pro rata prior to being applied to the prepayment of any Revolving Credit Loans of, or Reimbursement Obligations owed to, any Defaulting Lender.
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(e)    Upon not less than three Business Days’ prior notice to such Defaulting Lender and the Administrative Agent (which the Administrative Agent will promptly provide to the Lenders and the Issuing Banks), the Borrower shall have the right to terminate the then unutilized Revolving Credit Commitment of such Defaulting Lender, after taking into account the portion of such Revolving Credit Commitment, if any, which theretofore has been, or substantially contemporaneous therewith is being, assigned pursuant to Section 4.7. In the event of any such termination, future extensions of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility shall be allocated to the non-Defaulting Revolving Credit Lenders in a manner that disregards the existence of any remaining Revolving Credit Commitment of such Defaulting Lender.
(f)    The Revolving Credit Commitment and Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations of such Defaulting Lender shall not be included in determining whether the Required Lenders have taken or may take any action hereunder (including any consent to any amendment, waiver or other modification pursuant to Section 11.6); provided, that this clause (f) shall not apply to the vote of a Defaulting Lender in the case of an amendment, waiver or other modification requiring the consent of all Lenders or each Lender directly affected thereby that by its terms affects any Defaulting Lender disproportionately adversely relative to other affected Lenders.
In the event that the Administrative Agent, the Borrower and each Issuing Bank each agrees that any such Defaulting Lender has adequately remedied all matters that caused such Lender to be a Defaulting Lender, then (i) the Letter of Credit Outstandings of the Lenders shall be readjusted to reflect the inclusion of such Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment and on such date such Lender shall purchase at par such of the Revolving Credit Loans of the other Lenders as the Administrative Agent shall determine may be necessary in order for such Lender to hold such Loans in accordance with its Revolving Percentage and (ii) any arrangements made by the Borrower pursuant to Section 4.8(b)(ii) shall be terminated and any cash collateral or arrangement provided by the Borrower in accordance thereto will be terminated or promptly returned to the Borrower, as applicable.
The provisions of this Agreement relating to funding, payment and other matters with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility may be adjusted by the Administrative Agent, with the consent of the Borrower (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld), to the extent necessary to give effect to the provisions of this Section 4.8. The provisions of this Section 4.8 may not be amended, supplemented or modified without, in addition to consents required by Section 11.6, the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Borrower.
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ARTICLE V

Conditions to Making Loans and Issuing Letters of Credit
5.1    Conditions to Effectiveness and the Initial Advance. The effectiveness of this Agreement and the obligation of the Lenders to make the initial Advance (if any) under the Revolving Credit Facility, and of the Issuing Banks to issue Letters of Credit (if any) on the Closing Date, is subject to the conditions precedent that the Administrative Agent shall have received on the Closing Date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, the following:
(a)    a copy of this Agreement executed and delivered by the Borrower and each Lender, together with all schedules and exhibits hereto;
(b)    the favorable written opinion or opinions with respect to the Loan Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, special counsel to the Borrower, dated the Closing Date, addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent;
(c)    resolutions of the boards of directors or other appropriate governing body (or of the appropriate committee thereof) of the Borrower certified by its secretary or assistant secretary as of the Closing Date, approving and adopting the Loan Documents to be executed by such Person, and authorizing the execution and delivery thereof;
(d)    specimen signatures of officers or other appropriate representatives executing the Loan Documents on behalf of the Borrower, certified by the secretary or assistant secretary of such Borrower as of the Closing Date;
(e)    a copy, certified as of a recent date by a duly authorized officer of the Borrower to be true and correct, of the Organizational Documents and Operating Documents of the Borrower;
(f)    certificates issued as of a recent date by the Secretary of State (or other appropriate office) of the jurisdiction of formation of the Borrower as to the due existence and good standing of the Borrower;
(g)    notice of appointment of the initial Authorized Representative(s);
(h)    [reserved];
(i)    evidence that all reasonable, out-of-pocket fees that have accrued from and after April 1, 2023, to the extent due and payable by the Borrower on the Closing Date to the Administrative Agent, the Arrangers and the Lenders, have been paid in full (including the reasonable, documented, out-of-pocket fees and expenses of one counsel for all Agent-Related Persons, taken as a whole), in each case to the extent invoiced two Business Days prior to the Closing Date and including reasonably detailed documentation;
(j)    evidence that (i) the Borrower shall have paid all accrued and unpaid interest on the Revolving Credit Loans outstanding under (and as defined in) the Existing Credit Agreement and all accrued and unpaid commitment fees and letter of credit fees under the Existing Credit Agreement, accrued to (but not including) the Closing Date and (ii) the payments required pursuant to Section 11.20(b) shall have been made; and
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(k)    the Administrative Agent shall have received, at least five days prior to the Closing Date, all documentation and other information regarding the Borrower requested in connection with applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act, to the extent requested in writing of the Borrower at least ten days prior to the Closing Date.
5.2    Conditions of Loans. The obligations of the Lenders to make any Loans (for the avoidance of doubt, which does not include the Conversion or Continuation of any existing Loans), and of the Issuing Banks to issue, renew or increase the amount of Letters of Credit, hereunder on or subsequent to the Closing Date are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:
(a)    the Administrative Agent shall have received a Borrowing Notice if required by Article II;
(b)    the representations and warranties of the Borrower and the Guarantors (if any) set forth in Article VI (other than in Section 6.1(e)(ii)) and in each of the other Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of such Advance or issuance, renewal or increase of such Letters of Credit with the same effect as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date, except to the extent that such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date (in which case such representations and warranties shall have been true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date) and except that the financial statements referred to in Section 6.1(e)(i) shall be deemed (solely for the purpose of the representation and warranty contained in such Section 6.1(e)(i) but not for the purpose of any cross reference to such Section 6.1(e)(i) or to the financial statements described therein contained in any other provision of Section 6.1(e) or elsewhere in Article VI) to be those financial statements most recently delivered to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders pursuant to Section 7.1; provided that this Section 5.2(b) shall be subject to Section 1.7 with respect to the making of any Added Term Loans.
(c)    in the case of the issuance, renewal or increase of a Letter of Credit, the Borrower shall have executed and delivered to the applicable Issuing Bank an Application and Agreement for Letter of Credit (or amendment or supplement thereto) in form and content acceptable to such applicable Issuing Bank together with such other instruments and documents as it shall request;
(d)    at the time of (and after giving effect to) each Advance or issuance, renewal or increase of each Letter of Credit, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, or would result from such extension of credit; provided that this Section 5.2(d) shall be subject to Section 1.7 with respect to the making of any Added Term Loans; and
(e)    immediately after giving effect to:
(i)    a Loan or Letter of Credit, the aggregate principal balance of all outstanding Loans and Participations for each Lender shall not exceed, respectively, such Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment or Letter of Credit Commitment; and
(ii)    a Loan or Letter of Credit, the Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations shall not exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment.
5.3    Supplements to Schedules. The Borrower may, from time to time, amend or supplement the Schedules, other than Schedules 1.1(a), 1.1(b) and 8.3 to this
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Agreement by delivering (effective upon receipt) to the Administrative Agent and each Lender a copy of such revised Schedule or Schedules which shall (i) be dated the date of delivery, (ii) be certified by an Authorized Representative as true, complete and correct as of such date and as delivered in replacement for the corresponding Schedule or Schedules previously in effect, and (iii) show in reasonable detail (by blacklining or other appropriate graphic means) the changes from each such corresponding predecessor Schedule. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any of the other Loan Documents, in the event that the Required Lenders determine based upon such revised Schedule (whether individually or in the aggregate or cumulatively) that there has been a material adverse change since the Closing Date which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, the Lenders shall have no further obligation to fund additional Advances hereunder.
ARTICLE VI

Representations and Warranties
6.1    Representations and Warranties. The Borrower represents and warrants with respect to itself and to its Subsidiaries (which representations and warranties shall survive the delivery of the documents mentioned herein and the making of Loans and issuance of Letters of Credit), that:
(a)    Organization and Authority.
(i)    the Borrower and each Subsidiary is a corporation, limited liability company or partnership duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or creation;
(ii)    the Borrower and each Subsidiary (x) has the requisite power and authority to own its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted and as contemplated in the Loan Documents, and (y) is qualified to do business in every jurisdiction in which failure so to qualify would have a Material Adverse Effect;
(iii)    the Borrower has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement, and to borrow hereunder, and to execute, deliver and perform each of the other Loan Documents to which it is a party;
(iv)    when executed and delivered, each of the Loan Documents to which the Borrower is a party will be the legal, valid and binding obligation or agreement of the Borrower, enforceable against the Borrower in accordance with its terms, subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, moratorium, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law affecting the enforceability of creditors’ rights generally and to the effect of general principles of equity which may limit the availability of equitable remedies (whether in a proceeding at law or in equity).
(b)    Loan Documents. The execution, delivery and performance by the Borrower of each of the Loan Documents to which the Borrower is a party:
(i)    have been duly authorized by all Organizational Action of the Borrower, required for the lawful execution, delivery and performance thereof;
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(ii)    do not violate any provisions of (1) any applicable law, rule or regulation, (2) any judgment, writ, order, determination, decree or arbitral award of any Governmental Authority or arbitral authority binding on the Borrower or its properties, or (3) the Organizational Documents or Operating Documents of the Borrower;
(iii)    do not and will not be in conflict with, result in a breach of or constitute an event of default, or an event which, with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an event of default, under any material indenture, agreement or other instrument to which the Borrower is a party, or any material indenture, agreement or other instrument by which the properties or assets of the Borrower is bound, in each case except to the extent that such conflict, breach, default or event of default could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and
(iv)    do not and will not result in the creation or imposition of any Lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever upon any of the properties or assets of the Borrower, other than Liens permitted by Section 8.3.
(c)    [Reserved].
(d)    [Reserved].
(e)    Financial Condition.
(i)    The Borrower has heretofore furnished to each Lender an audited consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as at December 31, 2022, and the notes thereto and the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, and changes in stockholders’ equity and the notes thereto for the Fiscal Year then ended as examined and certified by KPMG LLP, or other such independent certified public accountants of recognized national standing selected by the Borrower or such other accountants as are approved by the Administrative Agent (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld) (it being understood that such financial statements shall be deemed to have been furnished on the date on which the Borrower causes such financial statements, reports containing such financial statements or other filings evidencing the items required by this sub-clause (i) to be posted on the Internet at www.sec.gov or at such other website identified by the Borrower in a notice to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and that is accessible by the Lenders without charge). Except as set forth therein (including, in the case of such audited balance sheet, the notes thereto), such financial statements (including, in the case of such audited balance sheet, the notes thereto) present fairly the financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the end of such Fiscal Year and results of their operations and the changes in their stockholders’ equity for such Fiscal Year, all in conformity with GAAP; and
(ii)    As of the Closing Date, since December 31, 2022, there has been no material adverse change in the financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries or in the businesses, properties and operations of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, in each case considered as a whole.
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(f) Taxes. The Borrower and its Subsidiaries have filed or caused to be filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which are required to be filed by them and except for taxes and assessments being contested in good faith and against which reserves satisfactory to the Borrower’s independent certified public accountants have been established, have paid or caused to be paid all taxes as shown on said returns or on any assessment received by them, to the extent that such taxes have become due except, with respect to any of the foregoing, where any failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(g)    Litigation. Except as set forth in Schedule 6.1(g) attached hereto, there is no action, suit or proceeding at law or in equity or by or before any governmental instrumentality or agency or arbitral body pending, or, to the knowledge of the Borrower, threatened by or against the Borrower or any Subsidiary or affecting the Borrower or any Subsidiary or any properties or rights of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(h)    Margin Stock. No part of the proceeds of any Loan will be used in violation of Regulation U, as amended (12 C.F.R. Part 221), of the Board; and the Borrower and each of the Subsidiaries will comply with Regulation U at all times. The proceeds of the borrowings made pursuant to Article II hereof will be used by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries only for the purposes set forth in Section 2.16 hereof.
(i)    Investment Company. Neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary is required to be registered as an “investment company” under and as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (15 U.S.C. § 80a-1, et seq.).
(j)    No Untrue Statement. Neither this Agreement nor any other Loan Document or certificate or document executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Borrower or any Guarantor in accordance with or pursuant to any Loan Document, nor any statement, representation or warranty provided by or on behalf of the Borrower or any Guarantor to the Administrative Agent in writing in connection with the negotiation or preparation of the Loan Documents through the Closing Date (other than projections and other forward looking information and information of a general economic or industry nature), taken as a whole (together with any information contained in any filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission prior to the date of this representation), when furnished, contains any misrepresentation or untrue statement of material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary, in light of the circumstance under which it was made, in order to make any such representation or statement contained herein or therein not misleading in any material respect.
(k)    No Consents, Etc. Neither the respective businesses or properties of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, nor any relationship between the Borrower or any Subsidiary and any other Person, nor any circumstance in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Loan Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is such as to require a material consent, approval or authorization of, or filing, registration or qualification with, any Governmental Authority or other authority or any other Person on the part of the Borrower or any Subsidiary as a condition to the execution, delivery and performance of, or consummation of the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or if so, (i) such material consent, approval, authorization, filing, registration or qualification has been obtained or effected, as the case may be and is in full force and effect or (ii) the absence thereof could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(l)    Employee Benefit Plans.
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(i) Except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Borrower and each Subsidiary and ERISA Affiliate is in compliance with all applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code, and all Foreign Benefit Laws, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder, with respect to all Employee Benefit Plans except for the making of any required amendments thereto for which the remedial amendment period as defined in Section 401(b) of the Code has not yet expired. Each Employee Benefit Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has been determined to be, or the Borrower or its applicable Subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate is in the process of obtaining a determination by the Internal Revenue Service that such Employee Benefit Plan is, so qualified, and each trust related to each such plan has been determined to be exempt under Section 501(a) of the Code. Each Employee Benefit Plan subject to any Foreign Benefit Law has received the required approvals by any Governmental Authority regulating such Employee Benefit Plan or the Borrower or its applicable Subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate is in the process of obtaining such determination or approvals. No material liability has been incurred by the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate for any taxes or penalties with respect to any Employee Benefit Plan or any Multiemployer Plan which remains unsatisfied;
(ii)    Except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate has (a) engaged in a nonexempt prohibited transaction described in Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA affecting any of the Employee Benefit Plans or the trusts created thereunder which could subject it to a tax or penalty on prohibited transactions imposed under Code Section 4975 or Section 502(i) of ERISA, (b) failed to satisfy the minimum funding standards (within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA with respect to any Employee Benefit Plan, whether or not waived, or incurred any liability to the PBGC which remains outstanding other than the payment of premiums and there are no such premium payments which are due and unpaid, (c) failed to make a required contribution or payment to a Multiemployer Plan, (d) failed to make a required installment or other required payment under Section 430(j) of the Code, Section 303(j) of ERISA or the terms of such Employee Benefit Plan, or (e) failed to make any required contribution or payment, required by any Foreign Benefit Law with respect to any Employee Benefit Plan or otherwise failed to operate in compliance with any Foreign Benefit Law regulating any Employee Benefit Plan;
(iii)    Except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, no Termination Event has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur with respect to any Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan, and neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate has incurred any unpaid withdrawal liability with respect to any Multiemployer Plan;
(iv)    Except as provided in Schedule 6.1(l), the present value of all vested accrued benefits under each Pension Plan which is subject to Title IV of ERISA, or the funding of which is regulated by any Foreign Benefit Law did not, as of the most recent valuation date for each such plan, exceed the then current value of the assets of such Employee Benefit Plan allocable to such benefits (based on the assumptions used for purposes of FASB ASC Topic 715 “Compensation -- Retirement Benefits” or applicable non-US financial accounting standards) by a material amount;
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(v) except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (A) each Employee Benefit Plan which is subject to Title IV of ERISA or the funding of which is regulated by any Foreign Benefit Law, maintained by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate, has been administered in accordance with its terms in all material respects and is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable requirements of ERISA, applicable Foreign Benefit Law and other applicable laws, regulations and rules, (B) there has been no determination that any Pension Plan is, or is expected to be, in “at risk” status (within the meaning of Section 430 of the Code or Section 303 of ERISA) and (C) neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate has received any notice of a determination that any Multiemployer Plan is, or is expected to be in “endangered” or “critical” status (within the meaning of Section 432 of the Code or Section 305 of ERISA);
(vi)    Assuming that none of the Lenders is, is acting on behalf of, or is an entity the assets of which constitute the assets of, an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) or a “plan” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code) with respect to which the Borrower is a “party in interest” (as defined in Section 3(14) of ERISA) or a “disqualified person” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code), the consummation of the Loans and the issuance of the Letters of Credit provided for herein will not involve any “prohibited transaction” under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code which is not subject to a statutory or administrative exemption; and
(vii)    No material proceeding, claim, lawsuit and/or investigation exists or, to the best knowledge of the Borrower after due inquiry, is threatened concerning or involving any Employee Benefit Plan.
(m)    No Default. There does not exist any Default or Event of Default.
(n)    Environmental Laws. Except as listed on Schedule 6.1(n) and except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect, the Borrower and each Subsidiary is in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws and has been issued and currently maintains all required federal, state and local permits, licenses, certificates and approvals. Except as listed on Schedule 6.1(n) and except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect, neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary has been notified of any pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding or investigation, and neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary is aware of any facts, which (a) calls into question, or could reasonably be expected to call into question, compliance by the Borrower or any Subsidiary with any Environmental Laws, (b) seeks, or could reasonably be expected to form the basis of a meritorious proceeding, to suspend, revoke or terminate any license, permit or approval necessary for the operation of the Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s business or facilities or for the generation, handling, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, or (c) seeks to cause, or could reasonably be expected to form the basis of a meritorious proceeding to cause, any property of the Borrower or any Subsidiary to be subject to any restrictions on ownership, use, occupancy or transferability under any Environmental Law.
(o) Anti-Corruption Laws and Sanctions. The Borrower has implemented and maintains in effect policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents (in each case, acting in their capacity as such) with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions, and the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of the Borrower, the directors, officers, employees and agents of Borrower and its Subsidiaries (in each case, acting in their capacity as such), are in compliance with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions in all material respects. None of (a) the Borrower, any Subsidiary or, to the knowledge of the Borrower or any such Subsidiary, any of their respective directors, officers or employees (in each case, acting in their capacity as such), or (b) to the knowledge of the Borrower, any agent of the Borrower or any Subsidiary that will act in any capacity in connection with or benefit from the credit facility established hereby, is a Sanctioned Person.
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(p)    Affected Financial Institutions. No Loan Party is an Affected Financial Institution.
ARTICLE VII

Affirmative Covenants
Until the Facility Termination Date, unless the Required Lenders shall otherwise consent in writing, the Borrower will, and where applicable will cause each Subsidiary to:
7.1    Financial Reports, Etc.    
(a)    as soon as practical and in any event within 90 days after the end of each Fiscal Year of the Borrower, deliver or cause to be delivered to the Administrative Agent and each Lender (i) the consolidated balance sheets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, with the notes thereto, the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, and shareholders’ equity and the respective notes thereto for such Fiscal Year, setting forth comparative financial statements for the preceding Fiscal Year, all prepared in accordance with GAAP and containing opinions of KPMG LLP, or other such independent certified public accountants of recognized national standing selected by the Borrower or such other accountants as are approved by the Administrative Agent (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld), which are unqualified as to the scope of the audit performed and as to the “going concern” status of the Borrower (other than a “going concern” statement, explanatory note or like qualification or exception resulting solely from an upcoming maturity date occurring within one year from the time such opinion is delivered); and (ii) a Compliance Certificate of an Authorized Representative as to the existence of any Default or Event of Default and demonstrating compliance with Section 8.1 of this Agreement;
(b)    as soon as practical and in any event within 55 days after the end of each quarterly period (except the last reporting period of the Fiscal Year), deliver to the Administrative Agent and each Lender (i) the consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the end of such reporting period, the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, and shareholders’ equity for such reporting period and for the period from the beginning of the Fiscal Year through the end of such reporting period, accompanied by a statement, set forth in the Compliance Certificate, of an Authorized Representative to the effect that such financial statements present fairly the financial position of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the end of such reporting period and the results of their operations and the changes in their financial position for such reporting period in accordance with GAAP, and (ii) a Compliance Certificate of an Authorized Representative as to the existence of any Default or Event of Default and containing computations for such quarter comparable to that required pursuant to Section 7.1(a)(ii);
(c)    [reserved];
(d) promptly upon their becoming available to the Borrower, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent and each Lender a copy of (i) all regular or special reports or effective registration statements which the Borrower or any Subsidiary shall file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (or any successor thereto) or any securities exchange, (ii) any proxy statement distributed by the Borrower to its shareholders, bondholders or the financial community in general, and (iii) any management letter or other report submitted to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries by independent accountants in connection with any annual, interim or special audit of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
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(e)    [reserved]; and
(f)    (i) promptly, from time to time, deliver or cause to be delivered to the Administrative Agent and each Lender such other information regarding Borrower’s and any Subsidiary’s operations, business affairs and financial condition as the Administrative Agent or such Lender may reasonably request and (ii) promptly following any request therefor, information and documentation reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender for purposes of compliance with applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act and the Beneficial Ownership Regulation.
The Administrative Agent and the Lenders are hereby authorized to deliver a copy of any such financial or other information delivered hereunder to the Lenders (or any Affiliate of any Lender) or to the Administrative Agent, to any Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Administrative Agent or any of the Lenders pursuant to any written request therefor or in the ordinary course of examination of loan files, or to any other Person who shall acquire or consider the assignment of, or acquisition of any participation interest in, any Obligation permitted by this Agreement, subject to Section 11.15.
Financial statements required to be delivered by the Borrower pursuant to clauses (a)(i) and (b)(i) of this Section 7.1 and items required to be delivered by the Borrower pursuant to clause (d) of this Section 7.1 shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date on which the Borrower causes such financial statements, reports containing such financial statements or other filings evidencing the items required by Section 7.1(d), to be posted on the Internet at www.sec.gov or at such other website identified by the Borrower in a notice to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and that is accessible by the Lenders without charge.
7.2    Maintain Properties. Maintain all properties necessary to its operations in good working order and condition (ordinary wear and tear excepted), make all needed repairs, replacements and renewals to such properties, and maintain free from Liens (other than Liens permitted by Section 8.3) all trademarks, trade names, patents, copyrights, trade secrets, know-how, and other intellectual property and proprietary information (or adequate licenses thereto), in each case as are reasonably necessary to conduct its business as currently conducted or as contemplated hereby, except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
7.3    Existence, Qualification, Etc. Do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence and all material rights and franchises, trade names, trademarks and permits, except to the extent conveyed or permitted in connection with a transaction permitted under Section 8.4 hereof, and maintain its license or qualification to do business as a foreign corporation and good standing in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the nature of its business makes such license or qualification necessary, except, with respect to any of the foregoing in this Section 7.3, where any failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
7.4    Regulations and Taxes. Comply in all material respects with all statutes and governmental regulations and pay all Taxes, assessments and governmental charges which, if unpaid, might become a Lien against any of its properties except liabilities being contested in good faith and against which adequate reserves have been established and except, with respect to any of the foregoing, where any failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
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7.5    Insurance. (i) Keep all of its insurable properties adequately insured at all times with responsible insurance carriers or self-insured against loss or damage by fire and other hazards as are customarily insured against by companies engaged in the same or similar businesses operating in the same or similar locations, (ii) maintain general public liability insurance at all times with responsible insurance carriers or self-insured against liability on account of damage to persons and property in such amounts and against such risks as are customarily maintained by companies engaged in the same or similar businesses operating in the same or similar locations, and (iii) maintain insurance under all applicable workers’ compensation laws (or in the alternative, maintain required reserves if self-insured for workers’ compensation purposes).
7.6    True Books. Keep true books of record and account in which full, true and correct entries will be made in all material respects of all of its dealings and transactions in accordance with customary business practices in order to prepare its financial statements in accordance with GAAP.
7.7    Right of Inspection. Permit any Person designated by any Lender or the Administrative Agent at the Lender’s or Administrative Agent’s expense, as the case may be, to visit and inspect any of the properties, corporate books and financial reports of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, and to discuss their respective affairs, finances and accounts with their principal officers and independent certified public accountants, all at reasonable times, at reasonable intervals and with reasonable prior notice; provided that the Borrower may elect to have one or more Authorized Officers to be present during any discussions with the Borrower’s independent certified public accountants; provided further that any such inspection shall not entitle the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank to receive, and neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries shall be required to disclose, provide or deliver, any documents or information (i) that would result in a loss of attorney-client privilege or claim of attorney work product, (ii) that would result in disclosure of any sensitive or proprietary information (including non-financial trade secrets and non-financial proprietary information) related to the business of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or (iii) to the extent the disclosure thereof would violate any laws, rules or regulations applicable to, or any confidentiality obligation binding on, the Borrower or its Subsidiaries; provided further that in the event that the Borrower or any Subsidiary does not provide any information requested in connection with an inspection permitted under this Section 7.7 in reliance on the preceding proviso due to confidentiality or waiver concerns, the Borrower or such Subsidiary shall provide notice to the Administrative Agent that such information is being withheld and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to communicate the applicable information in a way that would not violate the applicable confidentiality obligation or risk waiver of such privilege.
7.8    Observe all Laws. Conform to and duly observe in all material respects all laws, rules and regulations and all other valid requirements of any Governmental Authority (including Environmental Laws) with respect to the conduct of its business the non-compliance with which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Borrower will maintain in effect and enforce policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents (in each case, acting in their capacities as such) with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions.
7.9    Governmental Licenses. Obtain and maintain all licenses, permits, certifications and approvals of all applicable Governmental Authorities as are required for the conduct of its business as currently conducted and as contemplated by the Loan Documents, except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
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7.10    Covenants Extending to Subsidiaries. Cause each of its Subsidiaries to do with respect to itself, its business and its assets, each of the things required of the Borrower in Sections 7.2 through 7.9, inclusive to the extent the failure to do so could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
7.11    Officer’s Knowledge of Default. Upon any Senior Officer of the Borrower obtaining knowledge of (a) the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default hereunder or (b) any event, development or occurrence which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, cause such officer or an Authorized Representative to promptly notify the Administrative Agent of the nature thereof, the period of existence thereof, and what action the Borrower or any Subsidiary proposes to take with respect thereto.
7.12    Suits or Other Proceedings. Upon any Senior Officer of the Borrower obtaining knowledge of any litigation or other proceedings being instituted against the Borrower or any Subsidiary that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or any attachment, levy, execution or other process being instituted against any assets of the Borrower or any Subsidiary that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, promptly deliver to the Administrative Agent written notice thereof stating the nature and status of such litigation, dispute, proceeding, levy, execution or other process.
7.13    Notice of Discharge of Hazardous Material or Environmental Complaint. Promptly provide to the Administrative Agent true, accurate and complete copies of any and all notices, complaints, orders, directives, claims, or citations received by the Borrower or any Subsidiary relating to any (a) violation or alleged violation by the Borrower or any Subsidiary of any applicable Environmental Laws or OSHA; (b) release or threatened release by the Borrower or any Subsidiary of any Hazardous Material, except where occurring legally; or (c) liability or alleged liability of the Borrower or any Subsidiary for the costs of cleaning up, removing, remediating or responding to a release of Hazardous Materials, which violation, alleged violation, release, threatened release, actual liability or threatened liability described in clause (a), (b) or (c) could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
7.14    Environmental Compliance. If the Borrower or any Subsidiary shall receive notice from any Governmental Authority that the Borrower or any Subsidiary has violated any applicable Environmental Laws in any respect that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Borrower shall promptly (and in any event within the time period permitted by the applicable Governmental Authority) remove or remedy, or the Borrower shall cause the applicable Subsidiary to remove or remedy, such violation.
7.15    Notice of Change in Beneficial Ownership Certification. Furnish to each applicable Lender prompt written notice of any change in the information provided in the Beneficial Ownership Certification, if any, delivered to such Lender that would result in a change to the list of beneficial owners identified in such certification.
7.16 Continued Operations. Continue at all times (i) to conduct its business and engage principally in a line or lines of business similar or complementary to those heretofore engaged in, including, without limitation, Automobile Retailing Activities, or activities that are reasonably related thereto or similar extensions thereof (subject to the right to make Permitted Acquisitions) and (ii) preserve, protect and maintain free from Liens (other than Liens permitted under Section 8.3 hereof) its material patents, copyrights, licenses, trademarks, trademark rights, trade names, trade name rights, trade secrets and know-how, in each case to the extent necessary or reasonably required in the conduct of its operations.
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7.17    Use of Proceeds. Use the proceeds of the Loans solely for the purposes specified in Section 2.16 hereof.
7.18    Guarantors. If any Subsidiary (other than an Excluded Subsidiary) guarantees Indebtedness for money borrowed under any Material Credit Facility of the Borrower, then on or prior to the date that any such Subsidiary guarantees such Indebtedness, the Borrower shall cause to be delivered to the Administrative Agent each of the following documents:
(a)    a Facility Guaranty executed by such Subsidiary substantially in the form of Exhibit J;
(b)    an opinion of counsel to the Subsidiary dated as of the date of delivery of the Facility Guaranty provided for in this Section 7.18 and addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent; and
(c)    current copies of the Organizational Documents and Operating Documents of such Subsidiary, minutes of duly called and conducted meetings (or duly effected consent actions) of the Board of Directors, partners, or appropriate committees thereof (and, if required by such Organizational Documents, Operating Documents or applicable law, of the shareholders, members or partners) of such Subsidiary authorizing the actions and the execution and delivery of documents described in this Section 7.18.
For the avoidance of doubt, in no event shall any Subsidiary that guarantees any Indebtedness for money borrowed under any Material Credit Facility of the Borrower (other than this Facility) be deemed to be an Excluded Subsidiary based on clause (d) of the definition thereof.
ARTICLE VIII

Negative Covenants
Until the Facility Termination Date unless the Required Lenders shall otherwise consent in writing, the Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to:
8.1    Financial Covenants.
(a) Consolidated Leverage Ratio. Permit the Consolidated Leverage Ratio as at the last day of any Four-Quarter Period to be greater than 3.75 to 1.00; provided that, at the Borrower’s election and upon written notice from the Borrower to the Administrative Agent within 30 days after the consummation of a Material Step-Up Acquisition, for the fiscal quarter in which such Material Step-Up Acquisition is consummated and each of the three fiscal quarters thereafter, the maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio pursuant to this subsection 8.1(a) shall increase to 4.25 to 1.00; provided that (i) such increase shall only apply for the fiscal quarter in which the Material Step-Up Acquisition occurred and the succeeding three fiscal quarters, and immediately upon the expiration of such third fiscal quarter succeeding the fiscal quarter in which the closing of the Material Step-Up Acquisition occurred, the maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio shall revert to 3.75 to 1.00, (ii) the Borrower may increase the Consolidated Leverage Ratio following the consummation of a Material Step-Up Acquisition not more than two times during the term of this Agreement and (iii) following any such increase, the maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio shall be 3.75 to 1.00 for at least two consecutive fiscal quarter end dates before the maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio may be increased to 4.25 to 1.00 again as a result of a subsequent Material Step-Up Acquisition.
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(b)    Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio. Permit the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio as at the last day of any Four-Quarter Period to be less than 3.00 to 1.00.
8.2    Indebtedness. Incur, create or assume any Funded Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) unless, after giving pro forma effect thereto and after giving pro forma effect to any increase in the maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio under Section 8.1(a) which will result from the incurrence, creation or assumption of such Funded Indebtedness in connection with a Material Step-Up Acquisition, the Borrower shall be in compliance with Section 8.1 (with Consolidated EBITDA, for such purpose, being calculated in respect of the most recent period of four consecutive fiscal quarters for which financial statements are available and giving pro forma effect to any Material Step-Up Acquisition funded by such Funded Indebtedness as if such Material Step-Up Acquisition occurred on the first day of the most recent Four Quarter Period for which financial statements are available).
8.3    Liens. Incur, create or permit to exist any Lien of any nature whatsoever with respect to any property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case to secure Indebtedness, other than
(i)    Liens existing as of the date hereof and as set forth in Schedule 8.3 attached hereto;
(ii)    Liens imposed by law for Taxes, assessments or charges of any Governmental Authority for claims not yet due or payable and Liens for judgments or levies, in each case which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued and with respect to which adequate reserves or other appropriate provisions are being maintained in accordance with GAAP;
(iii)    statutory Liens of landlords and Liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, materialmen, laborers, employees or suppliers and other Liens imposed by law or created in the ordinary course of business and in existence less than 120 days from the date of creation thereof for amounts not yet due or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which adequate reserves or other appropriate provisions are being maintained in accordance with GAAP;
(iv)    Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business (including, without limitation, surety bonds and appeal bonds) in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, old age pensions and other types of social security or retirement benefits or to secure the performance of tenders, bids, leases, contracts (other than for the repayment of Indebtedness), self insurance general liability insurance programs, public or statutory obligations, stay, surety and appeal bonds posted in the ordinary course of business, letters of credit issued in the ordinary course of business and other similar obligations, or arising as a result of progress payments or partial payments under government contracts or subcontracts;
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(v) (i) Liens on property existing at the time of purchase thereof by the Borrower or a Subsidiary and not incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such acquisition and (ii) easements (including, without limitation, reciprocal easement agreements and utility agreements), licenses, rights of others for rights-of-way, utilities, sewers, electric lines, telephone or telegraph lines and similar purposes, irregularities in title, covenants, consents, reservations, encroachments, variations and zoning and other restrictions, charges or encumbrances (whether or not recorded), which do not interfere materially with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Borrower or any Subsidiary and which do not materially detract from the value of the property to which they attach or materially impair the use thereof to the Borrower or any Subsidiary;
(vi)    Liens on real property and improvements securing (A) Mortgage Facilities of the Borrower or any Guarantor in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $1,000,000,000 at any time outstanding and (B) Rate Hedging Obligations related to such Mortgage Facilities (which Rate Hedging Obligations are owed to any of the respective lenders under such Mortgage Facilities and secured by the same assets as such Mortgage Facilities), provided that the amount of Indebtedness under any Mortgage Facility does not exceed eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the real property and improvements securing such Indebtedness as of the date such Liens are granted on such real property and improvements;
(vii)    Liens to secure the refinancing of any Indebtedness described on Schedule 8.3 to the extent such Liens encumber substantially the same assets in substantially the same manner as the Liens securing the debt being refinanced or to the extent such Liens constitute Liens permitted under this Section 8.3; and any extension, renewal, refinancing or replacement in whole or in part of any Lien described in the foregoing clauses (i) through (vi) so long as no additional collateral is granted as security;
(viii)    Liens on claims of the Borrower or any Subsidiary against Persons renting or leasing Vehicles, Persons damaging Vehicles or Persons issuing applicable insurance coverage for such Persons, which claims relate to damage to Vehicles, to the extent that such damage exceeds the renter’s or lessee’s collision damage waiver limitation or insurance deductible;
(ix)    Liens securing Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness and Vehicle Secured Indebtedness and Rate Hedging Obligations related to such Indebtedness, which Rate Hedging Obligations are owed to any of the respective lenders of such Indebtedness and secured by the same assets as such Indebtedness;
(x)    Liens incurred in compliance with Section 4.8 or Section 9.1(B);
(xi)    Liens on Margin Stock that is held by the Borrower as treasury stock;
(xii)    Liens arising from legal proceedings, so long as such proceedings are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings;
(xiii) Liens arising from UCC financing statement filings (or similar filings) regarding or otherwise arising under leases entered into in the ordinary course of business by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; provided that such Liens attach only to the property being leased under such leases;
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(xiv)    Liens existing on any property or asset of any Person that becomes a Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Borrower or any Subsidiary after the Closing Date prior to the time such Person becomes a Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Borrower or any Subsidiary (and on improvements, leases, installations, developments, repairs, renewals, replacements, additions, general intangibles, accessions, and proceeds related thereto); provided that (i) such Lien shall not apply to any other property or assets of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, (ii) such Lien shall not have been created in contemplation of such acquisition, merger or consolidation and (iii) such Lien and any replacements thereof shall secure only those commitments and obligations which it secures on the date of such acquisition or the date such Person becomes a Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Borrower or any Subsidiary, as the case may be, and extensions, renewals, substitutions, refinancings and replacements thereof that do not increase the commitments and obligations thereunder, plus any accreted amount, unpaid accrued interest, premium, underwriting discount, and any other fees, commissions and expenses incurred in connection therewith;
(xv)    Liens on property, plant and equipment acquired, constructed, leased, installed, repaired, developed or improved by the Borrower or any Subsidiary; provided that (i) such security interests and the Indebtedness secured thereby are initially incurred prior to or within 270 days after such acquisition or the completion of such construction, lease, installation, repair, development or improvement, (ii) the Indebtedness secured thereby does not exceed 100% of the cost of acquiring, constructing, leasing, installing, repairing, developing or improving such property, plant and equipment and (iii) such security interests shall not apply to any other property or assets of the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than improvements, installations, repairs, developments, renewals, replacements, additions and accessions of or to such property);
(xvi)    Liens securing Indebtedness of a Subsidiary owing to the Borrower or any other Subsidiary;
(xvii)    Liens securing Escrow Indebtedness in favor of escrow agents, account custodians or similar third party intermediaries during the period which any such Escrow Indebtedness is held under escrow or similar contingent release arrangements;
(xviii)    bankers’ Liens, rights of setoff, revocation, refund, chargeback or overdraft protection, and other similar Liens existing solely with respect to cash and cash equivalents on deposit in one or more accounts maintained by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case granted in the ordinary course of business in favor of the bank or banks with which such accounts are maintained, including those involving pooled accounts and netting arrangements; and
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(xix) (A) Liens not otherwise permitted hereby securing Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries so long as, on the date any such Lien is granted, after giving effect to such Indebtedness, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness secured by Liens (other than Liens permitted by clauses (i) through (xviii) of this Section 8.3) shall not exceed 15% of Consolidated Tangible Assets calculated as of the date of the creation or incurrence of the Lien and (B) Liens that extend, renew, substitute, replace or refinance (including successive extensions, renewals, substitutions, replacements or refinancings), in whole or in part, any Lien permitted pursuant to clause (xix)(A) of this Section 8.3; provided that the Indebtedness secured by any such Lien is in an aggregate outstanding principal amount not greater than the aggregate principal amount of the Indebtedness secured by the Lien which is being extended, renewed, substituted, replaced or refinanced, plus any accreted amount, unpaid accrued interest, premium, underwriting discount, and any other fees, commissions and expenses incurred in connection therewith.
8.4    Merger, Consolidation or Fundamental Changes. (a) Sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose (whether effected pursuant to a division or otherwise) of all or substantially all of the assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole), (b) consolidate with or merge into any other Person, or (c) permit any other Person to merge into it or (d) in the case of the Borrower, liquidate, wind-up or dissolve; provided, however, (i) any Subsidiary of the Borrower may merge or transfer all or substantially all of its assets into or consolidate with the Borrower or any other Subsidiary of the Borrower (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall be the case so long as (x) in the case of a merger, transfer or consolidation with the Borrower, the surviving or continuing entity shall be the Borrower or (y) in the case of a merger, transfer or consolidation with another Subsidiary of the Borrower, the surviving or continuing entity shall be a Subsidiary and, if not a corporation, directly or indirectly controlled by the Borrower, upon consummation of such merger, transfer or consolidation), (ii) any Person may merge with the Borrower if the Borrower shall be the survivor thereof and such merger shall not otherwise cause, create or result in the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default hereunder, (iii) any Subsidiary may merge with or transfer substantially all of its assets to or consolidate with any other Person so long as such merger, transfer or consolidation does not constitute a sale, lease, transfer or other disposition (whether effected pursuant to a division or otherwise) of all or a majority of the assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to such other Person, (iv) any Person (other than the Borrower) may consolidate with or merge into any Subsidiary and (v) the foregoing shall not prohibit dispositions of Margin Stock that is held as treasury stock by the Borrower.
8.5    Fiscal Year. Change the Borrower’s Fiscal Year.
8.6    [Reserved].

8.7    Manufacturer Consents.
(a)    To the extent any Facility Guaranty is outstanding, terminate, revoke or violate the terms of any Manufacturer Consent or amend or modify the terms of any Manufacturer Consent in any manner materially adverse to the interests of the Lenders.
(b)    To the extent any Facility Guaranty is outstanding, authorize any Manufacturer to amend, modify, terminate, revoke or violate the terms of any Manufacturer Consent or to amend or modify the terms of any Manufacturer Consent in each case in any manner materially adverse to the interests of the Lenders.
8.8    Use of Proceeds. The Borrower will not request any Loan or Letter of Credit, and the Borrower shall not directly (or knowingly indirectly) use, shall procure that its Subsidiaries and its or their respective directors, officers, employees and agents (in each
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case, acting in their capacities as such) shall not directly (or knowingly indirectly) use, the proceeds of any Loan or Letter of Credit (A) in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any Person in violation of any Anti-Corruption Laws, (B) for the purpose of funding, financing or facilitating any activities, business or transaction of or with any Sanctioned Person, or in any Sanctioned Country, except to the extent permitted for a Person who is required to comply with Sanctions or (C) in any manner that would result in the violation of any Sanctions applicable to any party hereto.

ARTICLE IX

Events of Default and Acceleration
9.1    Events of Default. If any one or more of the following events (herein called “Events of Default”) shall occur for any reason whatsoever (and whether such occurrence shall be voluntary or involuntary or come about or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to or in compliance with any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body), that is to say:
(a)    if default shall be made in the due and punctual payment of the principal of any Loan or Reimbursement Obligation, when and as the same shall be due and payable whether pursuant to any provision of Article II or Article III hereof, at maturity, by acceleration or otherwise; or
(b)    if default shall be made in the due and punctual payment of any amount of interest on any Loan or of any fees or other amounts payable to the Lenders, the Administrative Agent or any Issuing Banks under the Loan Documents on the date on which the same shall be due and payable and such failure to pay shall continue for a period of three Business Days (after receipt of written notice from the Administrative Agent with respect to amounts other than interest); or
(c)    if default shall be made in the performance or observance of any covenant set forth in Sections 7.11(a), 7.17 or Article VIII hereof; or
(d)    if a default shall be made in the performance or observance of, or shall occur under, any covenant, agreement or provision contained in any Loan Document (other than as described in clauses (a), (b) or (c) above) and such default shall continue for thirty (30) or more days after the earlier of receipt of notice of such default by an Authorized Representative from the Administrative Agent, or if any material provision of any Loan Document ceases to be in full force and effect (other than by reason of any action by the Administrative Agent or any Lender), or if without the written consent of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be disaffirmed by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or shall terminate, be terminable or be terminated or become void or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever (other than in accordance with its terms in the absence of default or by reason of any action by the Administrative Agent or any Lender); or
(e) if a default shall occur, which is not cured or waived, (i) in the payment of any principal, interest, premium or other amounts with respect to any Indebtedness (other than the Loans or any Vehicle Receivables Indebtedness) of the Borrower or of any Subsidiary (other than any Eligible Special Purpose Entity) in an outstanding aggregate amount not less than $200,000,000, or (ii) in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any term or covenant (other than any term or covenant in any way restricting the Borrower’s or any such Subsidiary’s right or ability to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of Margin Stock) contained in any agreement or instrument under or pursuant to which any such Indebtedness described in clause (i) above may have been issued, created, assumed, guaranteed or secured by the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than any Eligible Special Purpose Entity), and in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii) such default shall continue for more than the period of grace, if any, therein specified, and if such default shall permit the holder of any such Indebtedness to accelerate the maturity thereof; or
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(f)    if any representation, warranty or other statement of fact contained herein or any other Loan Document or in any document or other written statement delivered to the Agent or any Lender by the Borrower or any Guarantor pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, shall be false or misleading in any material respect when given or made or deemed given or made; provided that, if any such representation, warranty or other statement of fact is capable of being cured, no Event of Default shall occur hereunder if such misrepresentation, breach of warranty or misstatement of fact is cured within thirty (30) days after a Senior Officer of the Borrower shall have discovered such misrepresentation, breach of warranty or misstatement of fact; or
(g)    if the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary) shall be unable to pay its debts generally as they become due; file a petition to take advantage of any insolvency, reorganization, bankruptcy, receivership or similar law, domestic or foreign; make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors; commence a proceeding for the appointment of a receiver, trustee, liquidator or conservator of itself or of the whole or any substantial part of its property; file a petition or answer seeking reorganization or arrangement or similar relief under the federal bankruptcy laws or any other applicable law or statute, federal, state or foreign; or
(h)    if a court of competent jurisdiction shall enter an order, judgment or decree appointing a custodian, receiver, trustee, liquidator or conservator of the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary) or of the whole or any substantial part of its properties and such order, judgment or decree continues unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) days, or approve a petition filed against the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary) seeking reorganization or arrangement or similar relief under the federal bankruptcy laws or any other applicable law or statute of the United States of America or any state or foreign country, province or other political subdivision, which petition is not dismissed within sixty (60) days; or if, under the provisions of any other law for the relief or aid of debtors, a court of competent jurisdiction shall assume custody or control of the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary) or of the whole or any substantial part of its properties, which control is not relinquished within sixty (60) days; or if there is commenced against the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary) any proceeding or petition seeking reorganization, arrangement or similar relief under the federal bankruptcy laws or any other applicable law or statute of the United States of America or any state or foreign country, province or other political subdivision which proceeding or petition remains undismissed for a period of thirty (30) days; or if the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary) takes any action to indicate its consent to or approval of any such proceeding or petition; or
(i)    if (i) any judgments where the aggregate amount not covered by insurance (or the amount as to which the insurer denies liability) is in excess of $200,000,000, are rendered against the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary), or (ii) there are attachments, injunctions or executions against any of the Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary) properties for an aggregate amount in excess of $200,000,000; and such judgments, attachments, injunctions or executions referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) above remain unpaid, unstayed, undischarged, unbonded or undismissed for a period of sixty (60) days; or
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(j)    if an ERISA Event shall have occurred that, when taken together with all other ERISA Events that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; or
(k)    if a Change in Control shall have occurred;
then, and in any such event and at any time thereafter, if such Event of Default or any other Event of Default shall be continuing,
(A)    either or both of the following actions may be taken: (i) the Administrative Agent may with the consent of the Required Lenders, and at the direction of the Required Lenders shall, declare any obligation of the Lenders to make further Loans or of the Issuing Banks to issue Letters of Credit terminated, whereupon the obligation of each Lender to make further Loans or of the Issuing Banks to issue Letters of Credit hereunder shall terminate immediately, and (ii) the Administrative Agent shall at the direction of the Required Lenders, at their option, declare by notice to the Borrower any or all of the Obligations to be immediately due and payable, and the same, including all interest accrued thereon and all other obligations of the Borrower to the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Issuing Banks, shall forthwith become immediately due and payable without presentment, demand, protest, notice or other formality of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived, anything contained herein or in any instrument evidencing the Obligations to the contrary notwithstanding; provided, however, that notwithstanding the above, if there shall occur an Event of Default under clause (g) or (h) above with respect to the Borrower, then the obligation of the Lenders to lend and of the Issuing Banks to issue Letters of Credit hereunder shall automatically terminate and any and all of the Obligations shall be immediately due and payable without the necessity of any action by the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders or notice to or from the Administrative Agent or the Lenders;
(B)    at any time after the Administrative Agent has received the consent or direction of the Required Lenders to take action under clause (A)(i) or (A)(ii) above (or if an Event of Default described under clause (g) or (h) has occurred with respect to the Borrower) the Borrower shall, upon demand of the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders, deposit cash with the Administrative Agent in an amount equal to the amount of any Letters of Credit remaining undrawn or unpaid, as collateral security for the repayment of any future drawings or payments under such Letters of Credit and the Borrower shall forthwith deposit and pay such amounts and such amounts shall be held by the Administrative Agent as cash collateral for the Borrower’s obligations in respect thereof; and
(C)    the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall have all of the rights and remedies available under the Loan Documents or under any applicable law.
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9.2    Administrative Agent to Act. In case any one or more Events of Default shall occur and be continuing, the Administrative Agent may, and at the direction of the Required Lenders shall, proceed to protect and enforce their rights or remedies either by suit in equity or by action at law, or both, whether for the specific performance of any covenant, agreement or other provision contained herein or in any other Loan Document, or to enforce the payment of the Obligations or any other legal or equitable right or remedy.
9.3    Cumulative Rights. No right or remedy herein conferred upon the Lenders or the Administrative Agent is intended to be exclusive of any other rights or remedies contained herein or in any other Loan Document, and every such right or remedy shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other such right or remedy contained herein and therein or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or by statute, or otherwise.
9.4    No Waiver. No course of dealing between the Borrower and any Lender or the Administrative Agent or any failure or delay on the part of any Lender or the Administrative Agent in exercising any rights or remedies under any Loan Document or otherwise available to it shall operate as a waiver of any rights or remedies and no single or partial exercise of any rights or remedies shall operate as a waiver or preclude the exercise of any other rights or remedies hereunder or of the same right or remedy on a future occasion.
9.5    Allocation of Proceeds. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the maturity of the Loans has been accelerated pursuant to Article IX hereof, all payments received by the Administrative Agent hereunder, in respect of any principal of or interest on the Obligations or any other amounts payable by the Borrower hereunder (other than amounts deposited with the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 9.1(B), which shall be applied to repay any unreimbursed drawings or payments under the Letters of Credit) shall be applied by the Administrative Agent in the following order:
(i)    amounts due to the Issuing Banks, JPMorgan Chase Bank and the Lenders pursuant to Sections 2.13, 3.4 and 11.5 hereof;
(ii)    amounts due to (A) any Issuing Bank pursuant to Section 3.5 hereof, and (B) the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 2.13(b) hereof;
(iii)    payments of interest on Loans, to be applied for the ratable benefit of the Lenders;
(iv)    payments of principal on Loans, to be applied for the ratable benefit of the Lenders;
(v)    payment of cash amounts to the Administrative Agent in respect of Letter of Credit Outstandings pursuant to Section 9.1(B) hereof;
(vi)    payments of all remaining Obligations, if any, to be applied for the ratable benefit of the Lenders; and
(vii)    any surplus remaining after application as provided for herein, to the Borrower or otherwise as may be required by applicable law.
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ARTICLE X

The Administrative Agent
10.1    Authorization and Action    
(a)    Each Lender and each Issuing Bank hereby irrevocably appoints the entity named as Administrative Agent in the heading of this Agreement and its successors and assigns to serve as the administrative agent under the Loan Documents and each Lender and each Issuing Bank authorizes the Administrative Agent to take such actions as agent on its behalf and to exercise such powers under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents as are delegated to the Administrative Agent under such agreements and to exercise such powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. Without limiting the foregoing, each Lender and each Issuing Bank hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to execute and deliver, and to perform its obligations under, each of the Loan Documents to which the Administrative Agent is a party, and to exercise all rights, powers and remedies that the Administrative Agent may have under such Loan Documents.
(b)    As to any matters not expressly provided for herein and in the other Loan Documents (including enforcement or collection), the Administrative Agent shall not be required to exercise any discretion or take any action, but shall be required to act or to refrain from acting (and shall be fully protected in so acting or refraining from acting) upon the written instructions of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary, pursuant to the terms in the Loan Documents), and, unless and until revoked in writing, such instructions shall be binding upon each Lender and each Issuing Bank; provided, however, that the Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action that (i) the Administrative Agent in good faith believes exposes it to liability unless the Administrative Agent receives an indemnification and is exculpated in a manner satisfactory to it from the Lenders and the Issuing Banks with respect to such action or (ii) is contrary to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or applicable law, including any action that may be in violation of the automatic stay under any requirement of law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or relief of debtors or that may effect a forfeiture, modification or termination of property of a Defaulting Lender in violation of any requirement of law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or relief of debtors; provided, further, that the Administrative Agent may seek clarification or direction from the Required Lenders prior to the exercise of any such instructed action and may refrain from acting until such clarification or direction has been provided. Except as expressly set forth in the Loan Documents, the Administrative Agent shall not have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity. Nothing in this Agreement shall require the Administrative Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.
(c)    In performing its functions and duties hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, the Administrative Agent is acting solely on behalf of the Lenders and the Issuing Banks (except in limited circumstances expressly provided for herein relating to the maintenance of the Register), and its duties are entirely mechanical and administrative in nature. The motivations of the Administrative Agent are commercial in nature and not to invest in the general performance or operations of the Borrower. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing:
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(i)    the Administrative Agent does not assume and shall not be deemed to have assumed any obligation or duty or any other relationship as the agent, fiduciary or trustee of or for any Lender, Issuing Bank or holder of any other obligation other than as expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, regardless of whether a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (and it is understood and agreed that the use of the term “agent” (or any similar term) herein or in any other Loan Document with reference to the Administrative Agent is not intended to connote any fiduciary duty or other implied (or express) obligations arising under agency doctrine of any applicable law, and that such term is used as a matter of market custom and is intended to create or reflect only an administrative relationship between contracting parties); additionally, each Lender agrees that it will not assert any claim against the Administrative Agent based on an alleged breach of fiduciary duty by the Administrative Agent in connection with this Agreement and/or the transactions contemplated hereby; and
(ii)    nothing in this Agreement or any Loan Document shall require the Administrative Agent to account to any Lender for any sum or the profit element of any sum received by the Administrative Agent for its own account.
(d)    The Administrative Agent may perform any of its duties and exercise its rights and powers hereunder or under any other Loan Document by or through any one or more sub-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any of their respective duties and exercise their respective rights and powers through their respective Related Parties. The exculpatory provisions of this Article shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities pursuant to this Agreement. The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for the negligence or misconduct of any sub-agent except to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction determines in a final and nonappealable judgment that the Administrative Agent acted with gross negligence or willful misconduct in the selection of such sub-agent.
(e)    None of any Syndication Agent, any Documentation Agent or any Arranger shall have obligations or duties whatsoever in such capacity under this Agreement or any other Loan Document and shall incur no liability hereunder or thereunder in such capacity, but all such persons shall have the benefit of the indemnities provided for hereunder.
(f)    In case of the pendency of any proceeding with respect to any Loan Party under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect, the Administrative Agent (irrespective of whether the principal of any Loan or any Reimbursement Obligation shall then be due and payable as herein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Administrative Agent shall have made any demand on the Borrower) shall be entitled and empowered (but not obligated) by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:
(i)    to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of the principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Loans, Letter of Credit Outstandings and all other Obligations that are owing and unpaid and to file such other documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Administrative Agent (including any claim under Sections 2.6, 2.13, 4.1, 4.6 and 11.9) allowed in such judicial proceeding; and
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(ii)    to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;
and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such proceeding is hereby authorized by each Lender and each Issuing Bank to make such payments to the Administrative Agent and, in the event that the Administrative Agent shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Lenders, the Issuing Banks, to pay to the Administrative Agent any amount due to it, in its capacity as the Administrative Agent, under the Loan Documents (including under Section 11.9). Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Administrative Agent to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Lender or Issuing Bank any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Obligations or the rights of any Lender or Issuing Bank or to authorize the Administrative Agent to vote in respect of the claim of any Lender or Issuing Bank in any such proceeding.
(g)    The provisions of this Article are solely for the benefit of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Issuing Banks, and, except solely to the extent of the Borrower’s rights to consent pursuant to and subject to the conditions set forth in this Article and except for enforcing the proviso to Section 10.6(c)(iii), none of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or any of their respective Affiliates, shall have any rights as a third party beneficiary under any such provisions. Whether or not a party hereto, will be deemed, by its acceptance of the benefits of the guarantees of the Obligations provided under the Loan Documents, to have agreed to the provisions of this Article.
10.2    Administrative Agent’s Reliance, Limitation of Liability, Etc.
(a)    Neither the Administrative Agent nor any of its Related Parties shall be (i) liable to the Lenders or the Issuing Banks for any action taken or omitted to be taken by such party, the Administrative Agent or any of its Related Parties under or in connection with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents (x) with the consent of or at the request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary, or as the Administrative Agent shall believe in good faith to be necessary, under the circumstances as provided in the Loan Documents) or (y) in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct (such absence to be presumed unless otherwise determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by a final and non-appealable judgment) or (ii) responsible in any manner to any of the Lenders or the Issuing Banks for any recitals, statements, representations or warranties made by any Loan Party or any officer thereof contained in this Agreement or any other Loan Document or in any certificate, report, statement or other document referred to or provided for in, or received by the Administrative Agent under or in connection with, this Agreement or any other Loan Document or for the value, validity, effectiveness, genuineness, enforceability or sufficiency of this Agreement or any other Loan Document (including, for the avoidance of doubt, in connection with the Administrative Agent’s reliance on any Electronic Signature transmitted by telecopy, emailed pdf. or any other electronic means that reproduces an image of an actual executed signature page) or for any failure of any Loan Party to perform its obligations hereunder or thereunder.
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(b) The Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any (i) notice of any of the events or circumstances set forth or described in Section 7.11, 7.12, 7.13 or 7.15 unless and until written notice thereof stating that it is a notice under Section 7.11, 7.12, 7.13 or 7.15 (as applicable) in respect of this Agreement and identifying the specific clause under said Section is given to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower, or (ii) notice of any Default or Event of Default unless and until written notice thereof (stating that it is a “notice of Default” or a “notice of an Event of Default”) is given to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower, a Lender or an Issuing Bank. Further, the Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (A) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with any Loan Document, (B) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered thereunder or in connection therewith, (C) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth in any Loan Document or the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, (D) the sufficiency, validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of any Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document, or (E) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Article V or elsewhere in any Loan Document, other than to confirm receipt of items (which on their face purport to be such items) expressly required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent or satisfaction of any condition that expressly refers to the matters described therein being acceptable or satisfactory to the Administrative Agent. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Administrative Agent shall not be liable for, or be responsible for any Liabilities, costs or expenses suffered by the Borrower, any Subsidiary, any Lender or any Issuing Bank as a result of, any determination of the Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations, any of the component amounts thereof or any portion thereof attributable to each Lender or Issuing Bank.
(c)    Without limiting the foregoing, the Administrative Agent (i) may treat the payee of any promissory note as its holder until such promissory note has been assigned in accordance with Section 11.1, (ii) may rely on the Register to the extent set forth in Section 11.1, (iii) may consult with legal counsel (including counsel to the Borrower), independent public accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken in good faith by it in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or experts, (iv) makes no warranty or representation to any Lender or Issuing Bank and shall not be responsible to any Lender or Issuing Bank for any statements, warranties or representations made by or on behalf of any Loan Party in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (v) in determining compliance with any condition hereunder to the making of a Loan, or the issuance of a Letter of Credit, that by its terms must be fulfilled to the satisfaction of a Lender or an Issuing Bank, may presume that such condition is satisfactory to such Lender or Issuing Bank unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice to the contrary from such Lender or Issuing Bank sufficiently in advance of the making of such Loan or the issuance of such Letter of Credit and (vi) shall be entitled to rely on, and shall incur no liability under or in respect of this Agreement or any other Loan Document by acting upon, any notice, consent, certificate or other instrument or writing (which writing may be a fax, any electronic message, Internet or intranet website posting or other distribution) or any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to be genuine and signed or sent or otherwise authenticated by the proper party or parties (whether or not such Person in fact meets the requirements set forth in the Loan Documents for being the maker thereof).
10.3    Posting of Communications.
(a)    The Borrower agrees that the Administrative Agent may, but shall not be obligated to, make any Communications available to the Lenders and the Issuing Banks by posting the Communications on IntraLinks™, DebtDomain, SyndTrak, ClearPar or any other electronic platform chosen by the Administrative Agent to be its electronic transmission system (the “Approved Electronic Platform”).
(b) Although the Approved Electronic Platform and its primary web portal are secured with generally-applicable security procedures and policies implemented or modified by the Administrative Agent from time to time (including, as of the Closing Date, a user ID/password authorization system) and the Approved Electronic Platform is secured through a per-deal authorization method whereby each user may access the Approved Electronic Platform only on a deal-by-deal basis, each of the Lenders, each of the Issuing Banks and the Borrower acknowledges and agrees that the distribution of material through an electronic medium is not necessarily secure, that the Administrative Agent is not responsible for approving or vetting the representatives or contacts of any Lender that are added to the Approved Electronic Platform, and that there may be confidentiality and other risks associated with such distribution. Each of the Lenders, each of the Issuing Banks and the Borrower hereby approves distribution of the Communications through the Approved Electronic Platform and understands and assumes the risks of such distribution.
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(c)    THE APPROVED ELECTRONIC PLATFORM AND THE COMMUNICATIONS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE”. THE APPLICABLE PARTIES (AS DEFINED BELOW) DO NOT WARRANT THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE COMMUNICATIONS, OR THE ADEQUACY OF THE APPROVED ELECTRONIC PLATFORM AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ERRORS OR OMISSIONS IN THE APPROVED ELECTRONIC PLATFORM AND THE COMMUNICATIONS. NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS OR FREEDOM FROM VIRUSES OR OTHER CODE DEFECTS, IS MADE BY THE APPLICABLE PARTIES IN CONNECTION WITH THE COMMUNICATIONS OR THE APPROVED ELECTRONIC PLATFORM. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, ANY ARRANGER, ANY DOCUMENTATION AGENT, ANY SYNDICATION AGENT OR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE RELATED PARTIES (COLLECTIVELY, “APPLICABLE PARTIES”) HAVE ANY LIABILITY TO ANY LOAN PARTY, ANY LENDER, ANY ISSUING BANK OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FOR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING DIRECT OR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOSSES OR EXPENSES (WHETHER IN TORT, CONTRACT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF ANY LOAN PARTY’S OR THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT’S TRANSMISSION OF COMMUNICATIONS THROUGH THE INTERNET OR THE APPROVED ELECTRONIC PLATFORM EXCEPT WITH RESPECT TO ACTUAL OR DIRECT DAMAGES TO THE EXTENT DETERMINED BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION BY FINAL AND NON-APPEALABLE JUDGMENT OR DETERMINATION TO HAVE RESULTED FROM THE BAD FAITH, WILLFUL MISCONDUCT OR GROSS NEGLIGENCE OF ANY APPLICABLE PARTY.
“Communications” means, collectively, any notice, demand, communication, information, document or other material provided by or on behalf of any Loan Party pursuant to any Loan Document or the transactions contemplated therein which is distributed by the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank by means of electronic communications pursuant to this Section, including through an Approved Electronic Platform.
(d)    Each Lender and each Issuing Bank agrees that notice to it (as provided in the next sentence) specifying that Communications have been posted to the Approved Electronic Platform shall constitute effective delivery of the Communications to such Lender for purposes of the Loan Documents. Each Lender and Issuing Bank agrees (1) to notify the Administrative Agent in writing (which could be in the form of electronic communication) from time to time of such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s (as applicable) email address to which the foregoing notice may be sent by electronic transmission and (2) that the foregoing notice may be sent to such email address.
(e)    Each of the Lenders, each of the Issuing Banks and the Borrower agrees that the Administrative Agent may, but (except as may be required by applicable law) shall not be obligated to, store the Communications on the Approved Electronic Platform in accordance with the Administrative Agent’s generally applicable document retention procedures and policies.
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(f)    Nothing herein shall prejudice the right of the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank to give any notice or other communication pursuant to any Loan Document in any other manner specified in such Loan Document.
10.4    The Administrative Agent Individually. With respect to its Commitment, Loans, Letter of Credit Commitments and Letters of Credit, the Person serving as the Administrative Agent shall have and may exercise the same rights and powers hereunder and is subject to the same obligations and liabilities as and to the extent set forth herein for any other Lender or Issuing Bank, as the case may be. The terms “Issuing Banks”, “Lenders”, “Required Lenders” and any similar terms shall, unless the context clearly otherwise indicates, include the Administrative Agent in its individual capacity as a Lender, Issuing Bank or as one of the Required Lenders, as applicable. The Person serving as the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, own securities of, act as the financial advisor or in any other advisory capacity for and generally engage in any kind of banking, trust or other business with, the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing as if such Person was not acting as the Administrative Agent and without any duty to account therefor to the Lenders or the Issuing Banks.

10.5    Successor Administrative Agent.
(a)    The Administrative Agent may resign at any time by giving 30 days’ prior written notice thereof to the Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Borrower, whether or not a successor Administrative Agent has been appointed. Upon any such resignation, the Required Lenders shall have the right to appoint a successor Administrative Agent. If no successor Administrative Agent shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders, and shall have accepted such appointment, within 30 days after the retiring Administrative Agent’s giving of notice of resignation, then the retiring Administrative Agent may, on behalf of the Lenders and the Issuing Banks, appoint a successor Administrative Agent, which shall be a bank with an office in New York, New York or an Affiliate of any such bank. In either case, such appointment shall be subject to the prior written approval of the Borrower (which approval may not be unreasonably withheld and shall not be required while an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing). Upon the acceptance of any appointment as Administrative Agent by a successor Administrative Agent, such successor Administrative Agent shall succeed to, and become vested with, all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Administrative Agent. Upon the acceptance of appointment as Administrative Agent by a successor Administrative Agent, the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Prior to any retiring Administrative Agent’s resignation hereunder as Administrative Agent, the retiring Administrative Agent shall take such action as may be reasonably necessary to assign to the successor Administrative Agent its rights as Administrative Agent under the Loan Documents.
(b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this Section, in the event no successor Administrative Agent shall have been so appointed and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after the retiring Administrative Agent gives notice of its intent to resign, the retiring Administrative Agent may give notice of the effectiveness of its resignation to the Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Borrower, whereupon, on the date of effectiveness of such resignation stated in such notice, (i) the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents; and (ii) the Required Lenders shall succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Administrative Agent; provided that (A) all payments required to be made hereunder or under any other Loan Document to the Administrative Agent for the account of any Person other than the Administrative Agent shall be made directly to such Person and (B) all notices and other communications required or contemplated to be given or made to the Administrative Agent shall directly be given or made to each Lender and each Issuing Bank. Following the effectiveness of the Administrative Agent’s resignation from its capacity as such, the provisions of this Article and Section 11.9, as well as any exculpatory, reimbursement and indemnification provisions set forth in any other Loan Document, shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring Administrative Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while the retiring Administrative Agent was acting as Administrative Agent.
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10.6    Acknowledgements of Lenders and Issuing Banks.
(a)    Each Lender and each Issuing Bank represents and warrants that (i) the Loan Documents set forth the terms of a commercial lending facility, (ii) in participating as a Lender, it is engaged in making, acquiring or holding commercial loans and in providing other facilities set forth herein as may be applicable to such Lender or Issuing Bank, in each case in the ordinary course of business, and not for the purpose of investing in the general performance or operations of the Borrower, or for the purpose of purchasing, acquiring or holding any other type of financial instrument such as a security (and each Lender and each Issuing Bank agrees not to assert a claim in contravention of the foregoing, such as a claim under the federal or state securities laws), (iii) it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent, any Arranger, any Syndication Agent, any Documentation Agent or any other Lender or Issuing Bank, or any of the Related Parties of any of the foregoing, and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement as a Lender, and to make, acquire or hold Loans hereunder and (iv) it is sophisticated with respect to decisions to make, acquire and/or hold commercial loans and to provide other facilities set forth herein, as may be applicable to such Lender or such Issuing Bank, and either it, or the Person exercising discretion in making its decision to make, acquire and/or hold such commercial loans or to provide such other facilities, is experienced in making, acquiring or holding such commercial loans or providing such other facilities. Each Lender and each Issuing Bank also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent, any Arranger, any Syndication Agent, any Documentation Agent or any other Lender or Issuing Bank, or any of the Related Parties of any of the foregoing, and based on such documents and information (which may contain material, non-public information within the meaning of the United States securities laws concerning the Borrower and its Affiliates) as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder.
(b)    Each Lender, by delivering its signature page to this Agreement on the Closing Date, or delivering its signature page to an Assignment and Assumption or any other Loan Document pursuant to which it shall become a Lender hereunder, shall be deemed to have acknowledged receipt of, and consented to and approved, each Loan Document and each other document required to be delivered to, or be approved by or satisfactory to, the Administrative Agent or the Lenders on the Closing Date.
(c)    Erroneous Payments.
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(i) Each Lender and each Issuing Bank hereby agrees that (x) if the Administrative Agent notifies such Lender or such Issuing Bank that the Administrative Agent has determined in its sole discretion that any funds received by such Lender or such Issuing Bank from the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates (whether as a payment, prepayment or repayment of principal, interest, fees or otherwise; individually and collectively, a “Payment”) were erroneously transmitted to such Lender or such Issuing Bank (whether or not known to such Lender or such Issuing Bank), and demands the return of such Payment (or a portion thereof), such Lender or such Issuing Bank shall promptly, but in no event later than one Business Day thereafter (or such later date as the Administrative Agent, may, in its sole discretion, specify in writing), return to the Administrative Agent the amount of any such Payment (or portion thereof) as to which such a demand was made in same day funds, together with interest thereon (except to the extent waived in writing by the Administrative Agent) in respect of each day from and including the date such Payment (or portion thereof) was received by such Lender or such Issuing Bank to the date such amount is repaid to the Administrative Agent at the greater of the NYFRB Rate and a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation from time to time in effect, and (y) to the extent permitted by applicable law, such Lender or such Issuing Bank shall not assert, and hereby waives, as to the Administrative Agent, any claim, counterclaim, defense or right of set-off or recoupment with respect to any demand, claim or counterclaim by the Administrative Agent for the return of any Payments received, including without limitation any defense based on “discharge for value” or any similar doctrine. A notice of the Administrative Agent to any Lender or any Issuing Bank under this Section 10.6(c) shall be conclusive, absent manifest error.
(ii)    Each Lender and each Issuing Bank hereby further agrees that if it receives a Payment from the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates (x) that is in a different amount than, or on a different date from, that specified in a notice of payment sent by the Administrative Agent (or any of its Affiliates) with respect to such Payment (a “Payment Notice”) or (y) that was not preceded or accompanied by a Payment Notice, it shall be on notice, in each such case, that an error has been made with respect to such Payment. Each Lender and each Issuing Bank agrees that, in each such case, or if it otherwise becomes aware a Payment (or portion thereof) may have been sent in error, such Lender or such Issuing Bank shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent of such occurrence and, upon demand from the Administrative Agent, it shall promptly, but in no event later than one Business Day thereafter (or such later date as the Administrative Agent, may, in its sole discretion, specify in writing), return to the Administrative Agent the amount of any such Payment (or portion thereof) as to which such a demand was made in same day funds, together with interest thereon (except to the extent waived in writing by the Administrative Agent) in respect of each day from and including the date such Payment (or portion thereof) was received by such Lender or such Issuing Bank to the date such amount is repaid to the Administrative Agent at the greater of the NYFRB Rate and a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation from time to time in effect.
(iii)    The Borrower and each other Loan Party hereby agrees that (x) in the event an erroneous Payment (or portion thereof) are not recovered from any Lender or any Issuing Bank that has received such Payment (or portion thereof) for any reason, the Administrative Agent shall be subrogated to all the rights of such Lender with respect to such amount and (y) an erroneous Payment shall not pay, prepay, repay, discharge or otherwise satisfy any Obligations owed by the Borrower or any other Loan Party; provided that this Section 10.6(c) shall not be interpreted to increase (or accelerate the due date for), or have the effect of increasing (or accelerating the due date for), the Obligations of the Borrower relative to the amount (and/or timing for payment) of the Obligations that would have been payable by the Borrower had such erroneous Payment not been made by the Administrative Agent.
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(iv)    Each party’s obligations under this Section 10.6(c) shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Administrative Agent or any transfer of rights or obligations by, or the replacement of, a Lender, the termination of the Commitments or the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all Obligations under any Loan Document.
10.7    Certain ERISA Matters.
(a)    Each Lender (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Lender party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Lender party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, the Administrative Agent and each Arranger and their respective Affiliates, and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, that at least one of the following is and will be true:
(i)     such Lender is not using “plan assets” (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations) of one or more Benefit Plans with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit or the Commitments,
(ii)     the transaction exemption set forth in one or more PTEs, such as PTE 84-14 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers), PTE 95-60 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts), PTE 90-1 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company pooled separate accounts), PTE 91-38 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds) or PTE 96-23 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers), is applicable with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement,
(iii)     (A) such Lender is an investment fund managed by a “Qualified Professional Asset Manager” (within the meaning of Part VI of PTE 84-14), (B) such Qualified Professional Asset Manager made the investment decision on behalf of such Lender to enter into, participate in, administer and perform the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement, (C) the entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement satisfies the requirements of sub-sections (b) through (g) of Part I of PTE 84-14 and (D) to the best knowledge of such Lender, the requirements of subsection (a) of Part I of PTE 84-14 are satisfied with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement, or
(iv)     such other representation, warranty and covenant as may be agreed in writing between the Administrative Agent, in its sole discretion, and such Lender.
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(b) In addition, unless sub-clause (i) in the immediately preceding clause (a) is true with respect to a Lender or such Lender has provided another representation, warranty and covenant as provided in sub-clause (iv) in the immediately preceding clause (a), such Lender further (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Lender party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Lender party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, the Administrative Agent and each Arranger and their respective Affiliates, and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, that none of the Administrative Agent, any Arranger, any other Agent or any of their respective Affiliates is a fiduciary with respect to the assets of such Lender involved in such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Commitments and this Agreement (including in connection with the reservation or exercise of any rights by the Administrative Agent under this Agreement, any Loan Document or any documents related hereto or thereto).
(c)    The Administrative Agent, each Arranger and each other Agent hereby informs the Lenders that each such Person is not undertaking to provide investment advice or to give advice in a fiduciary capacity, in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and that such Person has a financial interest in the transactions contemplated hereby in that such Person or an Affiliate thereof (i) may receive interest or other payments with respect to the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments, this Agreement and any other Loan Documents (ii) may recognize a gain if it extended the Loans, the Letters of Credit or the Commitments for an amount less than the amount being paid for an interest in the Loans, the Letters of Credit or the Commitments by such Lender or (iii) may receive fees or other payments in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, the Loan Documents or otherwise, including structuring fees, commitment fees, arrangement fees, facility fees, upfront fees, underwriting fees, ticking fees, agency fees, administrative agent or collateral agent fees, utilization fees, minimum usage fees, letter of credit fees, fronting fees, deal-away or alternate transaction fees, amendment fees, processing fees, term out premiums, banker’s acceptance fees, breakage or other early termination fees or fees similar to the foregoing.
ARTICLE XI

Miscellaneous
11.1    Assignments and Participations.
(a)    The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, except that (i) the Borrower may not assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Lender (and any attempted assignment or transfer by the Borrower without such consent shall be null and void) and (ii) no Lender may assign or otherwise transfer its rights or obligations hereunder except in accordance with this Section.
(b)    (i) Subject to the conditions set forth in paragraph (b)(ii) below, any Lender may assign to one or more assignees (each, an “Assignee”) (other than (w) a natural person, (x) a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated for the primary benefit of, a natural person, (y) a Defaulting Lender or (z) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries), all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitments and the Loans at the time owing to it) with the prior written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) of:
(A) the Borrower, provided that no consent of the Borrower shall be required for an assignment to a Lender, an affiliate of a Lender, an Approved Fund (as defined below) or, if an Event of Default under Section 9.1(a), (b), (g) or (h) has occurred and is continuing, any other Person (in which case the Borrower shall instead be promptly notified of such assignment by the assigning Lender unless the Assignee is an Affiliate of such assigning Lender); provided, further, that the Borrower shall be deemed to have consented to any such assignment unless the Borrower shall object thereto by notice to the Administrative Agent within ten Business Days after having received notice thereof; and
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(B)    the Administrative Agent, provided that no consent of the Administrative Agent shall be required for an assignment to a Lender, an affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund (as defined below).
(ii)    Assignments shall be subject to the following additional conditions:
(A)    except in the case of an assignment to a Lender, an affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund or an assignment of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender’s Commitments or Loans, the amount of the Commitments or Loans of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment (determined as of the date the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment is delivered to the Administrative Agent) shall not be less than $5,000,000 unless each of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent otherwise consent, provided that (1) no such consent of the Borrower shall be required if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (2) such amounts shall be aggregated in respect of each Lender and its affiliates or Approved Funds, if any;
(B)    the parties to each assignment shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption, together with a processing and recordation fee of $3,500 (which fee shall not be reimbursed by the Borrower); and
(C)    the Assignee, if it shall not be a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an administrative questionnaire.
For the purposes of this Section 11.1, “Approved Fund” means any Person (other than a natural person) that is engaged in making, purchasing, holding or investing in bank loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its business and that is administered or managed by (a) a Lender, (b) an affiliate of a Lender or (c) an entity or an affiliate of an entity that administers or manages a Lender.
(iii) Subject to acceptance and recording thereof pursuant to paragraph (b)(iv) below, from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption the Assignee thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 4.1, 4.5, 4.6 and 11.9). Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this Section 11.1 shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with paragraph (c) of this Section.
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(iv)    The Administrative Agent, acting for this purpose as an agent of the Borrower, shall maintain at one of its offices a copy of each Assignment and Assumption delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitments of, and principal amount of the Loans and Reimbursement Obligations owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Register”). The entries in the Register shall be conclusive, and the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to the contrary. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Borrower and any Lender at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.
(v)    Upon its receipt of a duly completed Assignment and Assumption executed by an assigning Lender and an Assignee, the Assignee’s completed administrative questionnaire (unless the Assignee shall already be a Lender hereunder), the processing and recordation fee referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section and any written consent to such assignment required by paragraph (b) of this Section, the Administrative Agent shall accept such Assignment and Assumption and record the information contained therein in the Register, including the total ownership interest of the relevant Loan that the Assignee owns subsequent to the assignment. No assignment shall be effective for purposes of this Agreement unless it has been recorded in the Register as provided in this paragraph.
(c) (i) Any Lender may, without the consent of or notice to the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, sell participations to one or more banks or other entities (other than (w) a natural person, (x) a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated for the primary benefit of, a natural person, (y) a Defaulting Lender or (z) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries) (a “Participant”) in all or a portion of such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitments and the Loans owing to it); provided that (A) such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (B) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations, (C) the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the other Lenders shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement (including with respect to the matters described in this Section 11.1(c)(i)) and (D) such participations shall be in a minimum amount equal to the lesser of $5,000,000 or the remaining portion of a Lender’s rights and obligations hereunder which are not subject to a pre-existing participation. Any agreement pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement; provided that such agreement may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, modification or waiver that (1) requires the consent of each Lender directly affected thereby pursuant to Section 11.6(a) or (b) and (2) directly affects such Participant. Subject to paragraph (c)(ii) of this Section, the Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 4.1, 4.5 and 4.6 to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section. To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 11.3(a) as though it were a Lender, provided such Participant shall be subject to Section 11.3(b) as though it were a Lender.
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(ii)    A Participant shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 4.1, 4.5 or 4.6 than the applicable Lender would have been entitled to receive with respect to the participation sold to such Participant, unless the sale of the participation to such Participant is made with the Borrower’s prior written consent. Any Participant that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the United States shall not be entitled to the benefits of Section 4.6 unless such Participant complies with Section 4.6(d).
(iii)    Each Lender that sells a participation, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, shall maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each Participant’s interest in the Loans or other obligations under this Agreement (the “Participant Register”); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register to any Person (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any Commitments, Loans, Letters of Credit or its other obligations under any Loan Document) except to the extent that such disclosure is reasonably necessary to establish that such Commitment, Loan, Letter of Credit or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive, and such Lender, each Loan Party and the Administrative Agent shall treat each person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register pursuant to the terms hereof as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to the contrary.
(d)    Any Lender may at any time pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement to secure obligations of such Lender, including any pledge or assignment to secure obligations to a Federal Reserve Bank, and this Section shall not apply to any such pledge or assignment of a security interest; provided that no such pledge or assignment of a security interest shall release a Lender from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or Assignee for such Lender as a party hereto. The Borrower, upon receipt of written notice from the relevant Lender, agrees to issue a Note to any Lender requiring such Note to facilitate transactions of the type described in this paragraph (d).
(e)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, no Lender will assign or sell participations in all or a portion of its Loans or Commitments to any Person who is (i) listed on the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List maintained by the U.S. Department of Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) and/or on any other similar list maintained by the OFAC pursuant to any authorizing statute, Executive Order or regulation or (ii) either (A) included within the term “designated national” as defined in the Cuban Assets Control Regulations, 31 C.F.R. Part 515, or (B) designated under Sections 1(a), 1(b), 1(c) or 1(d) of Executive Order No. 13224, 66 Fed. Reg. 49079 (published September 25, 2001) or similarly designated under any related enabling legislation or any other similar Executive Orders.
11.2 Notices. Any notice shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by any party hereto and be effective (i) on the day on which delivered (including hand delivery by commercial courier service) to such party (against receipt therefor), (ii) on the date of transmission to such party, in the case of notice by telefacsimile (where the proper transmission of such notice is either acknowledged by the recipient or electronically confirmed by the transmitting device), or (iii) on the fifth Business Day after the day on which mailed to such party, if sent prepaid by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, in each case delivered, transmitted or mailed, as the case may be, to the address or telefacsimile number, as appropriate, set forth below or such other address or number as such party shall specify by notice hereunder:
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(a)    if to the Borrower:
AutoNation, Inc.
200 Southwest 1st Avenue
Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33301
Attn: Treasurer
Telephone: (954) 769-3125
Email: schoenbornd@autonation.com
with a copy to:
AutoNation, Inc.
200 Southwest 1st Avenue
Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33301
Attn: General Counsel
Telephone: (954) 769-2039
Email: edmundsc@autonation.com

(b)    if to the Administrative Agent:
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
500 Stanton Christiana Road
NCC5 / 1st Floor
Newark, Delaware 19713
Attn: Loan & Agency Services Group
Telephone: +1 (302) 634-2798
Email: annisha.badejo@chase.com
Agency Withholding Tax Inquiries:
Email: agency.tax.reporting@jpmorgan.com

Agency Compliance/Financials/Intralinks:
Email: covenant.compliance@jpmchase.com

(c)    if to JPMorgan Chase Bank as Issuing Bank:
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
10420 Highland Manor Dr. 4th Floor
Tampa, FL 33610
Attn: Standby LC Unit
Telephone: (800) 364-1969
Fax: (856) 294-5267
Email: GTS.Client.Services@jpmchase.com

With a copy to:

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
500 Stanton Christiana Rd.
NCC5 / 1st Floor
Newark, DE 19713
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Attn: Loan & Agency Services Group
Telephone +1 (302) 634-2798
Email: annisha.badejo@chase.com

(d)    if to the Lenders:
At the addresses set forth in administrative questionnaires furnished by the Lenders to the Administrative Agent;

(e)    if to any Guarantor, at the address set forth in clause (a) above.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, notices and other communications to the Lenders and Issuing Banks hereunder may be delivered or furnished by electronic communications (including email and internet and intranet websites) pursuant to procedures approved by the Administrative Agent; provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices under Article II to any Lender or Issuing Bank if such Lender or Issuing Bank, as applicable, has notified the Administrative Agent that it is incapable of receiving notices under such Article by electronic communication. Any notices or other communications to the Administrative Agent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary may be delivered or furnished by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by the recipient thereof prior thereto or as set forth in this Agreement; provided that approval of such procedures may be limited or rescinded by any such Person by notice to each other such Person.
11.3    Right of Set-off; Adjustments.
(a)    Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, each Lender is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other indebtedness at any time owing by such Lender to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower against any and all of the obligations of the Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement held by such Lender; provided that if any Defaulting Lender shall exercise any such right of setoff against any and all of the obligations of the Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement, (i) all amounts so set off shall be paid over immediately to the Administrative Agent for further application in accordance with Section 4.8 and, pending such payment, shall be segregated by such Defaulting Lender from its other funds and deemed held in trust for the benefit of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Lenders and (ii) the Defaulting Lender shall provide promptly to the Administrative Agent a statement describing in reasonable detail the obligations owing to such Defaulting Lender as to which it exercised such right of set off. Each Lender agrees promptly to notify the Borrower after any such set-off and application made by such Lender; provided, however, that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the validity of such set-off and application. The rights of each Lender under this Section 11.3 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of set-off) that such Lender may have.
(b) If any Lender (a “benefited Lender”) shall at any time receive any payment of all or part of the Loans owing to it, or interest thereon, or receive any collateral in respect of such Loans or interest thereon (whether voluntarily or involuntarily, by set-off, or otherwise), in a greater proportion than any such payment to or collateral received by any other Lender, if any, in respect of such other Lender’s Loans owing to it, or interest thereon, such benefited Lender shall purchase for cash from the other Lenders a participating interest in such portion of each such other Lender’s Loans owing to it, or shall provide such other Lenders with the benefits of any such collateral, or the proceeds thereof, as shall be necessary to cause such benefited Lender to share the excess payment or benefits of such collateral or proceeds ratably with each of the Lenders; provided, however, that if all or any portion of such excess payment or benefits is thereafter recovered from such benefited Lender or is repaid in whole or in part by such benefited Lender in good faith settlement of a pending or threatened avoidance claim, such purchase shall be rescinded, and the purchase price and benefits returned, to the extent of such recovery or settlement payment, but without interest. The Borrower agrees that any Lender so purchasing a participation from a Lender pursuant to this Section 11.3 may, to the fullest extent permitted by law, exercise all of its rights of payment (including the right of set-off) with respect to such participation as fully as if such Person were the direct creditor of the Borrower in the amount of such participation.
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11.4    Survival. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made herein shall survive the making by the Lenders of the Loans and the issuance of the Letters of Credit and the execution and delivery to the Lenders of this Agreement and shall continue in full force and effect until the Facility Termination Date, subject to Section 11.8.
11.5    Expenses. The Borrower agrees to pay on demand all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Administrative Agent in connection with the syndication, preparation, execution, delivery, administration, modification, and amendment of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, and the other documents to be delivered hereunder, limited, in the case of counsel, to the reasonable and documented fees and expenses of one counsel for the Administrative Agent (and an additional single local counsel in each applicable local jurisdiction) with respect thereto and with respect to advising the Administrative Agent as to its rights and responsibilities under the Loan Documents; provided that any legal fees and expenses incurred in connection with the initial negotiation, execution, preparation and delivery of this Agreement and any other Loan Documents executed on the Closing Date, an invoice in respect of which is not provided to the Borrower at least 2 Business Days prior to the Closing Date, shall not be reimbursed by the Borrower unless an invoice with respect thereto shall be provided to the Borrower within 30 days after the Closing Date. The Borrower further agrees to pay on demand all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Administrative Agent and, during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Lenders, if any (limited, in the case of counsel, to the reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees and expenses of one counsel to the Administrative Agent (and, during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Lenders, taken as a whole), an additional single local counsel in each applicable local jurisdiction for the Administrative Agent (and, during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Lenders, taken as a whole) and, to the extent reasonably necessary in the case of an actual or perceived conflict of interest, one additional counsel for all similarly situated affected persons), in connection with the enforcement (whether through negotiations, legal proceedings, or otherwise) of the Loan Documents and the other documents to be delivered hereunder.
11.6    Amendments and Waivers. Any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document may be amended or waived if, but only if, such amendment or waiver is in writing and is signed (or consented to in writing) by the Borrower or other applicable Loan Party party to such Loan Document and (except as provided in Section 2.18, Section 2.19, Section 4.2(b), Section 4.2(c) and clauses (a) and (b) below) either the Required Lenders or (as to Loan Documents other than this Agreement) the Administrative Agent with the consent of the Required Lenders (and, if Article X hereof or the rights or duties of the Administrative Agent are affected thereby, by the Administrative Agent); provided that
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(a) no such amendment or waiver shall, (i) increase the Revolving Credit Commitments of any Lender without the consent of such Lender, (ii) reduce (x) the principal of or rate of interest on any Revolving Credit Loan or Competitive Bid Loan made by any Lender without the consent of such Lender; provided that the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement or Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes pursuant to Section 4.2(b) or Section 4.2(c), as applicable, shall not constitute a reduction in the rate of interest for purposes of this subclause (x), (y) the amounts of any Reimbursement Obligations owed to any Lender hereunder without the consent of such Lender or (z) any fees payable to any Lender hereunder without the consent of such Lender, except that only the consent of the Required Lenders shall be necessary to amend the definition of “Default Rate” hereunder or to waive any obligation of the Borrower to pay interest at the Default Rate, (iii) (except as provided in Section 2.19) postpone any date scheduled for the payment of principal, interest or fees payable to any Lender hereunder (other than any mandatory prepayments) without the consent of such Lender or for termination of any Revolving Credit Commitment of any Lender without the consent of such Lender, (iv) (except as provided in Section 2.18 or 2.19) adversely change any pro rata provisions of Section 2.9 without the consent of each Lender directly adversely affected thereby or (v) without the consent of each Lender directly adversely affected thereby, reduce the specified percentage amount below 50% in the definition of Required Lenders or, except as provided in Section 2.18, the percentage of the Revolving Credit Commitments or outstanding Loans held by any Lender, as applicable, which shall be required for the Lenders or any of them to take any action under this Section 11.6(a); and provided, further, that no such amendment or waiver that affects the rights, privileges or obligations of any Issuing Bank as issuer of Letters of Credit, shall be effective unless signed in writing by such Issuing Bank; and
(b)    to the extent Guarantors are required pursuant to Section 7.18, no such amendment or waiver shall, unless signed by each Lender directly affected thereby, release all or substantially all of the Guarantors, or subordinate all or substantially all of the Facility Guarantees, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement or as contemplated in the applicable Loan Documents.
Any such waiver and any such amendment or modification pursuant to this Section 11.6 shall be binding upon the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Lenders, the Administrative Agent and all future holders of the Loans. Except as otherwise set forth in such waiver, any Default or Event of Default that is waived pursuant to this Section 11.6 shall not be deemed to be a Default or Event of Default during the period of such waiver.
No notice to or demand on the Borrower in any case shall entitle the Borrower to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances, except as otherwise expressly provided herein. No delay or omission on any Lender’s or the Administrative Agent’s part in exercising any right, remedy or option shall operate as a waiver of such or any other right, remedy or option or of any Default or Event of Default.
Furthermore, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents to the contrary, (i) the Administrative Agent, with the consent of the Borrower, may amend, modify or supplement any Loan Document without the consent of any Lender or the Required Lenders in order to correct, amend or cure any ambiguity, omission, inconsistency or defect or correct any typographical error or other manifest error in any Loan Document, (ii) this Agreement may be amended to permit modifications to terms governing new tranches of Added Term Loans or any other additional facilities that may be implemented hereunder (“Additional Facilities”) with the consent of the Administrative Agent (not to be unreasonably withheld), the Borrower and the lenders providing such Added Term Loans or Additional Facilities (and without the consent of any other Lender) to the extent that such changes relate only to such Added Term Loans or Additional Facilities, as applicable, or directly affect only the lenders providing such Added Term Loans or Additional Facilities, as applicable, subject in each case with respect to the Added Term Loans to the limitations set forth in Section 2.18 and (iii) this Agreement may be amended to permit modifications permitted to be made by Section 2.19 with the consent of the Administrative Agent (not to be unreasonably withheld), the Borrower and the Lenders that elect to agree to the applicable Termination Date Extension Request (and without the consent of any other Lender).
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11.7    Counterparts; Electronic Execution. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed an original, and it shall not be necessary in making proof of this Agreement to produce or account for more than one such fully-executed counterpart. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of (x) this Agreement, (y) any other Loan Document and/or (z) any document, amendment, approval, consent, information, notice (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any notice delivered pursuant to Section 11.2), certificate, request, statement, disclosure or authorization related to this Agreement, any other Loan Document and/or the transactions contemplated hereby and/or thereby (each an “Ancillary Document”) that is an Electronic Signature transmitted by telecopy, emailed pdf. or any other electronic means that reproduces an image of an actual executed signature page shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement, such other Loan Document or such Ancillary Document, as applicable. The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature,” “delivery,” and words of like import in or relating to this Agreement, any other Loan Document and/or any Ancillary Document shall be deemed to include Electronic Signatures, deliveries or the keeping of records in any electronic form (including deliveries by telecopy, emailed pdf. or any other electronic means that reproduces an image of an actual executed signature page), each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be; provided that nothing herein shall require the Administrative Agent to accept Electronic Signatures in any form or format without its prior written consent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) and pursuant to procedures approved by it; provided, further, without limiting the foregoing, (i) to the extent the Administrative Agent has agreed to accept any Electronic Signature, the Administrative Agent and each of the Lenders shall be entitled to rely on such Electronic Signature purportedly given by or on behalf of the Borrower or any other Loan Party without further verification thereof and without any obligation to review the appearance or form of any such Electronic Signature and (ii) upon the request of the Administrative Agent or any Lender, any Electronic Signature shall be promptly followed by a manually executed counterpart. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Borrower and each Loan Party hereby (A) agrees that, for all purposes, including without limitation, in connection with any workout, restructuring, enforcement of remedies, bankruptcy proceedings or litigation among the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, the Borrower and the Loan Parties, Electronic Signatures transmitted by telecopy, emailed pdf. or any other electronic means that reproduces an image of an actual executed signature page and/or any electronic images of this Agreement, any other Loan Document and/or any Ancillary Document shall have the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as any paper original, (B) the Administrative Agent and each of the Lenders may, at its option, create one or more copies of this Agreement, any other Loan Document and/or any Ancillary Document in the form of an imaged electronic record in any format, which shall be deemed created in the ordinary course of such Person’s business, and destroy the original paper document (and all such electronic records shall be considered an original for all purposes and shall have the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as a paper record), (C) waives any argument, defense or right to contest the legal effect, validity or enforceability of this Agreement, any other Loan Document and/or any Ancillary Document based solely on the lack of paper original copies of this Agreement, such other Loan Document and/or such Ancillary Document, respectively, including with respect to any signature pages thereto and (D) waives any claim against any Agent/Lender Entity for any Liabilities arising solely from the Administrative Agent’s and/or any Lender’s reliance on or use of Electronic Signatures and/or transmissions by telecopy, emailed pdf. or any other electronic means that reproduces an image of an actual executed signature page, including any Liabilities arising as a result of the failure of the Borrower and/or any Loan Party to use any available security measures in connection with the execution, delivery or transmission of any Electronic Signature. Nothing contained in this Section shall limit the provisions of Section 10.4.
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11.8    Termination. This Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall terminate on the Facility Termination Date, except that (x) those provisions which by the express terms thereof continue in effect notwithstanding the Facility Termination Date, and (y) obligations in the nature of continuing indemnities or expense reimbursement obligations not yet due and payable, shall continue in effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if after receipt of any payment of all or any part of the Obligations, the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender is for any reason compelled to surrender such payment to any Person because such payment is determined to be void or voidable as a preference, impermissible setoff, a diversion of trust funds or for any other reason or elects to repay any such amount in good faith settlement of a pending or threatened avoidance claim, (i) this Agreement (including the provisions pertaining to Participations in Letters of Credit and Reimbursement Obligations) and the other Loan Documents shall continue in full force (or be reinstated, as the case may be) and the Borrower shall be liable to, and shall indemnify and hold the Administrative Agent, such Issuing Bank or such Lender harmless for, the amount of such payment surrendered until the Administrative Agent, such Issuing Bank or such Lender shall have been finally paid in full, and (ii) in the event any portion of any amount so required to be surrendered by the Administrative Agent or any Issuing Bank shall have been distributed to the Lenders, the Lenders shall promptly repay such amounts to the Administrative Agent or such Issuing Bank on demand therefor. The provisions of the foregoing sentence shall be and remain effective notwithstanding any contrary action which may have been taken by the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or the Lenders in reliance upon such payment, and any such contrary action so taken shall be without prejudice to the Administrative Agent’s, any Issuing Bank’s or the Lenders’ rights under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and shall be deemed to have been conditioned upon such payment having become final and irrevocable.
11.9    Limitation of Liability; Indemnification.
(a)    Limitation of Liability. Neither any Agent-Related Person, nor any Lender, nor any of their Affiliates, nor any of their or their Affiliates’ respective directors, officers, employees, attorneys, agents or advisors (collectively, the “Agent/Lender Entities”) shall be liable, on any theory of liability, for (and the Borrower and its Affiliates agree not to assert any claim against any Agent/Lender Entity for) any special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages arising out of or otherwise relating to the Loan Documents, any of the transactions contemplated therein or the actual or proposed use of the proceeds of the Loans. Neither the Borrower nor any of the Borrower’s affiliates nor any of their respective directors, officers, employees, attorneys, agents and advisors (collectively, the “Borrower Entities”) shall be liable, on any theory of liability, for (and Agent-Related Persons, Lenders and their respective Affiliates agree not to assert any claim against any Borrower Entities for) any special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages arising out of or otherwise relating to the Loan Documents, any of the transactions contemplated therein or the actual or proposed use of the proceeds of the Loans (other than in respect of any such damages incurred or paid by any Indemnified Party to a third party in circumstances in which such Indemnified Party is otherwise entitled to indemnification in accordance with the terms of paragraph (b) of this Section 11.9).
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(b) Indemnification. Whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated, the Borrower agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Agent-Related Person and each Lender and each of their Affiliates and their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, and advisors (each, an “Indemnified Party”) from and against any and all claims, damages, losses, liabilities, penalties and reasonable, documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses (limited, in the case of counsel, to the reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees of one primary counsel to the Indemnified Parties, taken as a whole, and an additional single local counsel in each applicable local jurisdiction for all such Indemnified Parties (and, to the extent reasonably necessary in the case of an actual or perceived conflict of interest, one additional counsel for all similarly situated affected Indemnified Parties)) that may be incurred by or awarded against any Indemnified Party, in each case arising out of or in connection with or by reason of (including, without limitation, in connection with any investigation, litigation, or proceeding or preparation of defense in connection therewith) the Loan Documents, any of the transactions contemplated herein or the actual or proposed use of the proceeds of the Loans or the Letters of Credit (all of the foregoing, collectively, the “Indemnified Liabilities”), except to the extent that any such Indemnified Liability (i) is found by a judgment or determination of a court of competent jurisdiction to arise from the bad faith, willful misconduct or gross negligence of such Indemnified Party or such Indemnified Party’s affiliates, directors, officers, employees, advisors or agents, (ii) is found by a judgment or determination of a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from a breach in any material respect of the obligations of such Indemnified Party under the Loan Documents or (iii) arises out of or in connection with any claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding that does not involve an act or omission of the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s affiliates and that is brought by an Indemnified Party against any other Indemnified Party (other than any such claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding brought against any Indemnified Party solely in its capacity as such or in fulfillment of its role as an Agent, Arranger or similar role under the Revolving Credit Facility). In the case of an investigation, litigation or other proceeding to which the indemnity in this Section 11.9 applies, such indemnity shall be effective whether or not such investigation, litigation or proceeding is brought by the Borrower, its directors, shareholders or creditors or an Indemnified Party or any other Person or any Indemnified Party is otherwise a party thereto and whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated. The Borrower agrees that no Indemnified Party shall have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract or tort or otherwise) to it, any of its Subsidiaries, any Guarantor, or any security holders or creditors thereof arising out of, related to or in connection with the transactions contemplated herein, except to the extent that such liability is found by a judgment or determination of a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from such Indemnified Party’s gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.
(c)    The agreements and obligations of the Borrower contained in this Section 11.9 shall continue in effect notwithstanding the Facility Termination Date.
11.10    Severability. If any provision of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents shall be determined to be illegal or invalid as to one or more of the parties hereto, then such provision shall remain in effect with respect to all parties, if any, as to whom such provision is neither illegal nor invalid, and in any event all other provisions hereof shall remain effective and binding on the parties hereto.
11.11    Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the other Loan Documents, constitutes the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all previous proposals, negotiations, representations, commitments and other communications between or among the parties, both oral and written, with respect thereto.
11.12    Agreement Controls. In the event that any term of any of the Loan Documents other than this Agreement conflicts with any express term of this Agreement, the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall control to the extent of such conflict.
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11.13 Usury Savings Clause. Notwithstanding any other provision herein, the aggregate interest rate charged hereunder, including all charges or fees in connection therewith deemed in the nature of interest under applicable law shall not exceed the Highest Lawful Rate (as such term is defined below). If the rate of interest (determined without regard to the preceding sentence) under this Agreement at any time exceeds the Highest Lawful Rate (as defined below), the outstanding amount of the Loans made hereunder shall bear interest at the Highest Lawful Rate until the total amount of interest due hereunder equals the amount of interest which would have been due hereunder if the stated rates of interest set forth in this Agreement had at all times been in effect. In addition, if when the Loans made hereunder are repaid in full the total interest due hereunder (taking into account the increase provided for above) is less than the total amount of interest which would have been due hereunder if the stated rates of interest set forth in this Agreement had at all times been in effect, then to the extent permitted by law, the Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent an amount equal to the difference between the amount of interest paid and the amount of interest which would have been paid if the Highest Lawful Rate had at all times been in effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is the intention of the Lenders and the Borrower to conform strictly to any applicable usury laws. Accordingly, if any Lender contracts for, charges, or receives any consideration which constitutes interest in excess of the Highest Lawful Rate, then any such excess shall be cancelled automatically and, if previously paid, shall at such Lender’s option be applied to the outstanding amount of the Loans made hereunder or be refunded to the Borrower. As used in this paragraph, the term “Highest Lawful Rate” means the maximum lawful interest rate, if any, that at any time or from time to time may be contracted for, charged, or received under the laws applicable to such Lender which are presently in effect or, to the extent allowed by law, under such applicable laws which may hereafter be in effect and which allow a higher maximum nonusurious interest rate than applicable laws now allow.
11.14    Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial.
(a)    THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
(b)    THE BORROWER AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HEREBY EXPRESSLY AND IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS ITSELF AND ITS PROPERTY WITH RESPECT TO ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREIN TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN (OR IF SUCH COURT LACKS SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION, THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN), AND ANY APPELLATE COURT FROM ANY THEREOF, AND, BY THE EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS AGREEMENT, THE PARTIES HERETO EXPRESSLY WAIVE ANY OBJECTION THAT THEY MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE IN, OR TO THE EXERCISE OF JURISDICTION OVER IT AND ITS PROPERTY BY, ANY SUCH COURT IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, AND THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMIT GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING.
(c)    THE PARTIES HERETO AGREE THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS MAY BE MADE BY PERSONAL SERVICE OF A COPY OF THE SUMMONS AND COMPLAINT OR OTHER LEGAL PROCESS IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, OR BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL (POSTAGE PREPAID) TO THE ADDRESS OF SUCH PARTY PROVIDED IN SECTION 11.2, OR BY ANY OTHER METHOD OF SERVICE PROVIDED FOR UNDER THE APPLICABLE LAWS IN EFFECT IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
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(d) IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING TO ENFORCE OR DEFEND ANY RIGHTS OR REMEDIES UNDER OR RELATED TO ANY LOAN DOCUMENT OR ANY AMENDMENT, INSTRUMENT, DOCUMENT OR AGREEMENT DELIVERED OR THAT MAY IN THE FUTURE BE DELIVERED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH, OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH OR INCIDENTAL TO THE DEALINGS OF THE PARTIES HERETO OR ANY OF THEM WITH RESPECT TO ANY LOAN DOCUMENT, WHETHER NOW EXISTING OR HEREAFTER ARISING, THE BORROWER, THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND THE LENDERS HEREBY AGREE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THAT ANY SUCH ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE TRIED BEFORE A COURT AND NOT BEFORE A JURY AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT SUCH PERSON MAY HAVE TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY SUCH ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING. ANY PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT MAY FILE AN ORIGINAL COUNTERPART OR A COPY OF THIS SECTION WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE CONSENT OF THE SIGNATORIES HERETO TO THE WAIVER OF THEIR RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY.
(e)    THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVE ANY OBJECTION THEY MAY HAVE THAT ANY COURT TO WHOSE JURISDICTION THEY HAVE SUBMITTED PURSUANT TO THE TERMS HEREOF IS AN INCONVENIENT FORUM.
11.15 Confidentiality. Each of the Administrative Agent and each Lender (together, the “Lending Parties”, and individually a “Lending Party”) agrees to keep confidential the Information (as defined below); provided that nothing herein shall prevent any Lending Party from disclosing such Information (a) to any other Lending Party or any Affiliate of any Lending Party, or any officer, director, employee, agent, or advisor of any Lending Party or Affiliate of any Lending Party, in each case who shall be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential, (b) to any other Person approved by the Borrower (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld) if reasonably incidental to the administration of the credit facility provided herein so long as such Person is bound by the provisions of this Section 11.15, (c) as required by any law, rule, or regulation, (d) upon the order of any court or administrative agency, (e) upon the request or demand of any regulatory agency or authority; provided that, to the extent commercially practical and not prohibited by applicable law or court order, and except in the case of any such request in connection with a regular or routine examination of the financial condition of such Lender in the ordinary course of its business by a governmental or regulatory agency or authority purporting to have jurisdiction over it, the Administrative Agent or applicable Lender, shall notify the Borrower of any request by any regulatory agency or authority for disclosure of any non-public information prior to disclosure of such information, (f) that is or becomes available to the public or that is or becomes available to any Lending Party other than as a result of a disclosure by any Lending Party prohibited by this Agreement or by any confidentiality agreement to which such Lending Party is a party, (g) in connection with any litigation to which such Lending Party or any of its Affiliates may be a party; provided that to the extent commercially feasible and not prohibited by applicable law or court order the Borrower shall be given notice thereof and a reasonable opportunity to seek a protective court order with respect to such disclosed information prior to such disclosure, (h) to the extent necessary in connection with the exercise of any remedy under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided that to the extent commercially feasible and not prohibited by applicable law or court order the Borrower shall be given notice thereof and a reasonable opportunity to seek a protective court order with respect to such disclosed information prior to such disclosure, and (i) to any actual or proposed participant or assignee that is subject to provisions substantially similar to those contained in this Section 11.15. For the purposes of this Section 11.15, “Information” means all information received from the Borrower relating to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or its or their businesses, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank or any Lender on a non-confidential basis prior to disclosure by the Borrower and other than information pertaining to this Agreement routinely provided by arrangers to data service providers, including league table providers, that serve the lending industry. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section 11.15 shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information of similar nature.
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11.16    Releases of Facility Guarantees. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Loan Document, the Administrative Agent is hereby irrevocably authorized by each Lender (without requirement of notice to or consent of any Lender except as expressly required by Section 11.6) to, and the Administrative Agent shall, take any action requested by the Borrower, at the Borrower’s expense, having the effect of releasing any Facility Guaranty to the extent necessary to (a) permit consummation of any transaction not prohibited by any Loan Document or that has been consented to in accordance with Section 11.6 or (b) release any Guarantor pursuant to Section 11.17. Further, the Administrative Agent shall (and is hereby irrevocably authorized by each Lender to), upon the request of the Borrower, release any Guarantor from its obligations under its Facility Guaranty if such Guarantor is or becomes an Excluded Subsidiary and the Borrower would be in compliance with Section 7.18 and (ii) if such Subsidiary is an Excluded Subsidiary on the basis that it is an Immaterial Subsidiary, the thresholds set forth in the definition of “Immaterial Subsidiary,” in each case after giving effect to such release; provided that the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a Senior Officer of the Borrower stating that (i) such Guarantor is or has become an Excluded Subsidiary and that any related transaction causing such Guarantor to become an Excluded Subsidiary is permitted by this Agreement and the Borrower is in compliance with Section 7.18 and (ii) if such Subsidiary is an Excluded Subsidiary on the basis that it is an Immaterial Subsidiary, the thresholds set forth in the definition of “Immaterial Subsidiary,” in each case after giving effect to such release.
11.17    Guarantor Release. To the extent any Facility Guaranty is outstanding, the Guarantors shall be released from all obligations under the Credit Agreement and the Facility Guarantees at such time as all Guarantors cease to guarantee Indebtedness for borrowed money, other than a discharge through payment thereon, under all Material Credit Facilities of the Borrower (the “Guarantor Release”); provided that no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or after giving effect to such Guarantor Release; provided further that the foregoing shall not require the prior release of any guarantee under any Material Credit Facility which, by its terms, will be released upon the release of such Guarantors’ guarantee of the Revolving Credit Facility (each, an “Auto-Releasing Credit Facility”).

11.18 MANUFACTURER CONSENTS. IT IS ACKNOWLEDGED, UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED THAT, TO THE EXTENT ANY FACILITY GUARANTY IS OUTSTANDING (EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THE RESPECTIVE MANUFACTURER WAIVES ANY OF THE TERMS OF A MANUFACTURER CONSENT OR A MANUFACTURER CONSENT IS TERMINATED OR CEASES TO BE IN EFFECT): (A) THE EXERCISE BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR ANY LENDER (WHETHER THROUGH THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR OTHERWISE) OF REMEDIES UNDER ANY FACILITY GUARANTY WILL BE SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF THE MANUFACTURER CONSENTS, (B) IN THE EVENT OF ANY CONFLICT BETWEEN THE TERMS OF THE MANUFACTURER CONSENTS AND THE TERMS OF ANY FACILITY GUARANTY, THE TERMS OF THE MANUFACTURER CONSENTS WILL CONTROL, (C) THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AGREES TO FURNISH SUCH NOTICES AS IT IS REQUIRED TO FURNISH UNDER SUCH MANUFACTURER CONSENTS, AND (D) THE MANUFACTURERS PROVIDING SUCH MANUFACTURER CONSENTS SHALL BE THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES OF THIS SECTION. PARTICIPATION BY AN AFFILIATE OR SUBSIDIARY OF A MANUFACTURER AS A LENDER SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE A WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF ANY MANUFACTURER CONSENT GRANTED BY SUCH MANUFACTURER.
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11.19    USA Patriot Act Notice. Each Lender and the Administrative Agent (for itself and not on behalf of any Lender) hereby notifies the Borrower that pursuant to the requirements of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)) (the “Act”), it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies the Borrower and the Guarantors, which information includes the name and address of the Borrower and the Guarantors and other information that will allow such Lender or the Administrative Agent, as applicable, to identify the Borrower and the Guarantors in accordance with the Act.
11.20    Effect of Amendment and Restatement.

(a)    Upon the Closing Date, (i) this Agreement shall amend, and restate as amended, the Existing Credit Agreement, but shall not constitute a novation thereof or in any way impair or otherwise affect the rights or obligations of the parties thereunder (including with respect to Loans and representations and warranties made thereunder) except as such rights or obligations are amended or modified hereby and (ii) the Commitments (as defined in the Existing Credit Agreement) provided for in the Existing Credit Agreement shall cease to be in effect and shall be replaced in full by the Commitments pursuant to this Agreement. The Existing Credit Agreement as amended and restated hereby shall be deemed to be a continuing agreement among the parties, and all documents, instruments and agreements delivered pursuant to or in connection with the Existing Credit Agreement not amended and restated in connection with the entry of the parties into this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, each in accordance with its terms, as of the date of delivery or such other date as contemplated by such document, instrument or agreement to the same extent as if the modifications to the Existing Credit Agreement contained herein were set forth in an amendment to the Existing Credit Agreement in a customary form, unless such document, instrument or agreement has otherwise been terminated or has expired in accordance with or pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, the Existing Credit Agreement or such document, instrument or agreement or as otherwise agreed by the required parties hereto or thereto.
(b) Upon the Closing Date, the Existing Revolving Credit Loans shall automatically, without any action on the part of any Person, be designated for all purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents as Revolving Credit Loans, and the Closing Date Existing Letters of Credit shall continue as Letters of Credit under (and shall be governed by the terms of) this Agreement. The Administrative Agent shall make such reallocations, sales, assignments or other relevant actions in respect of each Lender’s credit exposure in respect of the Existing Revolving Credit Loans and the Closing Date Existing Letters of Credit as are necessary in order that each such Lender’s Outstanding Revolving Credit Obligations hereunder on the Closing Date reflects such Lender’s Aggregate Exposure Percentage on the Closing Date. On the Closing Date, the commitments of each Exiting Lender under the Existing Credit Agreement shall be terminated, all outstanding amounts due under the Existing Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents (as defined in the Existing Credit Agreement) to such Exiting Lender on the Closing Date shall be paid in full, and each Exiting Lender shall not be a Lender under this Agreement (it being understood that each Lender under this Agreement shall not have been deemed to assume the commitments of the Exiting Lenders under the Existing Credit Agreement). Concurrently therewith, the Lenders shall be deemed to have adjusted their participation interests in any outstanding Letters of Credit so that such interests are held ratably in accordance with their Commitments as set forth in Exhibit A hereto. The Administrative Agent and the Lenders hereby agree that the minimum borrowing, pro rata borrowing and pro rata payment requirements contained elsewhere in this Agreement shall not apply to the transactions effected pursuant to this Section 11.20(b).
110




11.21    Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Affected Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document may be subject to the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:

(a) the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any party hereto that is an Affected Financial Institution; and
(b) the effects of any Bail-In Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:
    (i) a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;
    (ii) a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such Affected Financial Institution, its parent entity, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or

    (iii) the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority.
11.22    Acknowledgement Regarding Any Supported QFCs. To the extent that the Loan Documents provide support, through a guarantee or otherwise, for Swap Agreements or any other agreement or instrument that is a QFC (such support “QFC Credit Support” and each such QFC a “Supported QFC”), the parties acknowledge and agree as follows with respect to the resolution power of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (together with the regulations promulgated thereunder, the “U.S. Special Resolution Regimes”) in respect of such Supported QFC and QFC Credit Support (with the provisions below applicable notwithstanding that the Loan Documents and any Supported QFC may in fact be stated to be governed by the laws of the State of New York and/or of the United States or any other state of the United States):
In the event a Covered Entity that is party to a Supported QFC (each, a “Covered Party”) becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S.
111




Special Resolution Regime, the transfer of such Supported QFC and the benefit of such QFC Credit Support (and any interest and obligation in or under such Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support, and any rights in property securing such Supported QFC or such QFC Credit Support) from such Covered Party will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support (and any such interest, obligation and rights in property) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. In the event a Covered Party or a BHC Act Affiliate of a Covered Party becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under the Loan Documents that might otherwise apply to such Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support that may be exercised against such Covered Party are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and the Loan Documents were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. Without limitation of the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that rights and remedies of the parties with respect to a Defaulting Lender shall in no event affect the rights of any Covered Party with respect to a Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support.
11.23    No Fiduciary Duty, etc.
(a)    The Borrower acknowledges and agrees, and acknowledges its Subsidiaries’ understanding, that no Credit Party will have any obligations except those obligations expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents and each Credit Party is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length contractual counterparty to the Borrower with respect to the Loan Documents and the transactions contemplated herein and therein and not as a financial advisor or a fiduciary to, or an agent of, the Borrower or any other person. The Borrower agrees that it will not assert any claim against any Credit Party based on an alleged breach of fiduciary duty by such Credit Party in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. Additionally, the Borrower acknowledges and agrees that no Credit Party is advising the Borrower as to any legal, tax, investment, accounting, regulatory or any other matters in any jurisdiction. The Borrower shall consult with its own advisors concerning such matters and shall be responsible for making its own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated herein or in the other Loan Documents, and the Credit Parties shall have no responsibility or liability to the Borrower with respect thereto.
(b)    The Borrower further acknowledges and agrees, and acknowledges its Subsidiaries’ understanding, that each Credit Party, together with its Affiliates, in addition to providing or participating in commercial lending facilities such as that provided hereunder, is a full service securities or banking firm engaged in securities trading and brokerage activities as well as providing investment banking and other financial services. In the ordinary course of business, any Credit Party may provide investment banking and other financial services to, and/or acquire, hold or sell, for its own accounts and the accounts of customers, equity, debt and other securities and financial instruments (including bank loans and other obligations) of, the Borrower and other companies with which the Borrower may have commercial or other relationships. With respect to any securities and/or financial instruments so held by any Credit Party or any of its customers, all rights in respect of such securities and financial instruments, including any voting rights, will be exercised by the holder of the rights, in its sole discretion.
(c)    In addition, the Borrower acknowledges and agrees, and acknowledges its Subsidiaries’ understanding, that each Credit Party and its affiliates may be providing debt financing, equity capital or other services (including financial advisory services) to other companies in respect of which the Borrower may have conflicting interests regarding the transactions described herein and otherwise. No Credit Party will use confidential information obtained from the Borrower by virtue of the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents or its other relationships with the Borrower in connection with the performance by such Credit Party of services for other companies, and no Credit Party will furnish any such information to other companies. The Borrower also acknowledges that no Credit Party has any obligation to
112




use in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents, or to furnish to the Borrower, confidential information obtained from other companies.

113




IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this instrument to be made, executed and delivered by their duly authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.


AUTONATION, INC. By: /s/ V. Mathew Giunta Name: V. Mathew Giunta Title: Vice President, SSC as Administrative Agent and as a Lender By: /s/ Marlon Mathews Name: Marlon Mathews Title: Executive Director


114




JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.,


[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]


BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., as a Lender


By: /s/ David T. Smith Name: David T. Smith Title: Senior Vice President MIZUHO BANK, LTD., as a Lender



[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Donna DeMagistris Name: Donna DeMagistris Title: Executive Director Truist Bank, as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ John P. Wofford Name: John P. Wofford Title: Authorized Officer Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Jeffrey E. Bullard Name: Jeffrey E. Bullard Title: Director Mercedes-Benz Financial Services USA LLC, as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Farrah Vaugh-Dixon Name: Farrah Vaugh-Dixon Title: Regional Dealer Credit TOYOTA MOTOR CREDIT CORPORATION, as a Lender
Manager-National Accounts

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Dave Boskey Name: Dave Boskey Title: National Accounts Manager U.S. Bank National Association, as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Brett M. Justman Name: Brett M. Justman Title: Senior Vice President BMW Financial Services NA, LLC, as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By:    /s/ Michael Ferguson
    Name: Michael Ferguson
    Title: Department Manager, Credit

By: /s/ Emily Adams Name: Emily Adams Title: Section Manager, Credit TD Bank, N.A., as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Kyle Ludeman Name: Kyle Ludeman Title: Market Credit Manager American Honda Finance Corporation, as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Richard Sauerbaum Name: Richard Sauerbaum Title: Manager, Dealer Financial SANTANDER BANK, N.A., as a Lender
Services

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Jim Garland Name: Jim Garland Title: EVP VW Credit, Inc., as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ William J. Binz Name: William J. Binz Title: Sr. Mgr – Commercial Credit Ally Financial, Inc., as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By:    /s/ Richard Taylor
    Name: Richard Taylor
    Title: Authorized Representative

Ally Bank, as a Lender The Huntington National Bank, as a Lender


By:    /s/ Richard Taylor
    Name: Richard Taylor
    Title: Authorized Representative

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By: /s/ Michael Kiss Name: Michael Kiss Title: Senior Vice President Nissan Motor Acceptance Company LLC, as a Lender

[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]




By:    /s/ Todd Voorhies
    Name: Todd Voorhies
    Title: Sr. Manager, Dealer Credit
[Signature Page to Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement]
EX-10.2 4 ex102executivetransitionag.htm EX-10.2 Document
Exhibit 10.2
EXECUTIVE TRANSITION AGREEMENT
This EXECUTIVE TRANSITION AGREEMENT (hereinafter “Agreement”) is entered into by and between AutoNation, Inc., a Delaware corporation, on behalf of itself, its subsidiaries, and other corporate affiliates, and successors or assigns (collectively, “Company”), and Joseph T. Lower (hereinafter “Lower”), effective as of May 23, 2023 (the “Effective Date”). Company and Lower may be referred to herein individually as a “Party” and collectively as the “Parties.”
RECITALS
WHEREAS, as of May 11, 2023, Lower notified the Company of his intent to transition from his position as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company to a new role with the Company as provided below, effective August 7, 2023; and
WHEREAS, the Company desires for Lower to continue to serve in the position of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and then transition to a new role with the Company as provided below, effective August 7, 2023.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the Recitals and the mutual promises, covenants, and agreements set forth in this Agreement, the Parties promise and agree as follows:
1.Transition Period.
(a)Effective as of the Effective Date and continuing through the earlier of (i) August 7, 2023 and (ii) the date that a successor assumes the role of Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) of the Company (as applicable, the “Transition Date”), Lower will (A) continue to serve in a full-time capacity as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company reporting to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Michael Manley (the “CEO”), (B) have all of the same duties and responsibilities as applied immediately before the Effective Date, except that he shall have the option of working remotely, other than as provided below or otherwise agreed to by Lower and the Company, and (C) continue to receive his current compensation in effect as of the Effective Date plus applicable perquisites, payable in accordance with the Company’s usual payroll practices and procedures, less applicable deductions and withholdings. During this period, Lower will attend the July 2023 Board of Directors (“Board”) meetings and the 2023 Q2 Earnings Call, for which Lower will provide all usual support in the preparation of Board and earnings material.
(b)Effective as of the Transition Date and continuing through March 31, 2024 (as applicable, and as may be extended by an Extension Period (as defined below), the “Employment End Date”), Lower will (i) serve as an employee of the Company in a non-executive role reporting to the CEO in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, (ii) perform services as an advisor to the CEO and Executive Committee of the Company, with the primary responsibilities of (A) overseeing business transformation for the Company, (B) providing transition services and support to the CFO (if and to the extent requested by the CEO and incoming CFO) and acting as advisor to the CEO, (C) making himself available to address any questions or to provide input and or feedback by phone or video conference, participate in weekly or month tag ups or check in meetings, review earnings related materials and review Board materials as requested, including with respect to capital review and financial performance, and (iii) receive a base salary of $100,000 per annum, payable in accordance with the Company’s usual payroll practices and procedures, less applicable deductions and withholdings. The Agreement will automatically terminate on the Employment End Date, unless the Parties agree to extend the Agreement for one or more extension periods (each, an “Extension Period”).  It is acknowledged that any Extension Period may be subject to different terms and conditions of employment, as mutually agreed between the Parties. Lower acknowledges that the changes to his title, responsibilities and compensation have been agreed to and therefore do not trigger severance under the AutoNation, Inc. Executive Severance Plan (the “Plan”), and that as a non-executive officer he will no longer be covered under the Plan after the Transition Date.



(c)All outstanding equity awards held by Lower immediately prior to the Effective Date (the “Applicable Equity Awards”) will continue to vest on their normal schedule through the Employment End Date, so long as Lower remains employed by the Company as of the applicable vesting date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (i) Lower’s employment is terminated by the Company prior to March 31, 2024 for any reason other than Cause (as defined below) and (ii) Lower executes (and does not revoke) a release of claims in a standard form provided by the Company, then any Applicable Equity Awards will continue to vest through March 31, 2024.
For purposes of this agreement, “Cause” shall be mean that Lower has: (i) breached any restrictive covenant agreements between Lower and the Company after written notice to Lower and a reasonable opportunity to cure if the breach is curable; (ii) failed or refused to perform his assigned duties and responsibilities to the Company in any material respect, after written notice and a reasonable opportunity to cure, provide that where the performance of such assigned duties would be a violation of law, such failure shall not be deemed to constitute Cause hereunder; (iii) willfully engaged in illegal conduct or gross misconduct in the performance of his duties to the Company; (iv) committed an act of fraud or dishonesty affecting the Company or committed an act constituting a felony; or (v) willfully violated any material Company policies (including the Code of Ethics Policy for Senior Officers) in any material respect. No act or failure to act on the part of the Lower shall be deemed “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by Lower not in good faith or without reasonable belief that Lower’s act or failure to act was in the best interests of the Company.
(d)Lower will receive a performance-based bonus for 2023 in an amount determined by the Company in accordance with past practice and taking into account (i) his salary for the portion of 2023 prior to the Transition Date, (ii) his salary for the portion of 2023 following the Transition Date, (iii) his target pay-out percentage, and (iii) the performance pay-out percentage. Any annual bonus earned will be paid at the time that such bonuses are customarily paid by the Company in the first quarter of 2024. Lower will not be eligible for an annual Company performance-based bonus for 2024 or beyond, unless otherwise determined by the Company.
(e)Lower will not be eligible for an annual equity award in 2024 or beyond, unless otherwise determined by the Company. Lower acknowledges and agrees that health and welfare employee benefits for employees generally may be added, discontinued, amended, or modified during the Transition Period in the sole discretion of Company.
(f)Lower acknowledges and agrees that on the Employment End Date, Lower’s employment with Company will terminate by reason of his resignation unless earlier terminated by reason of Lower’s death or terminated by the Company for Cause.
(g)Any expenses incurred by Lower in performing his duties under this Agreement shall be reimbursed by the Company (consistent with his current role, except that travel to and from the Corporate Office shall be reimbursable) subject to Lower’s submission of expense reports in compliance with the Company’s expense reporting practices and procedures.
2.Governing Law and Severability. Lower acknowledges and agrees the terms and conditions of this Agreement are contractual and not a mere recital. Lower further agrees and acknowledges that the validity and/or enforceability of this Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of Florida, unless preempted by federal law, and that if any provision contained herein should be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction or administrative agency to be illegal, invalid, unenforceable, or otherwise contrary to public policy, the validity and enforceability of the remaining parts, terms, or provisions shall not be affected thereby and said illegal or invalid part, term or provision shall be deemed not to be a part of this Agreement.
3.Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall be deemed to be one and the same agreement.
2


4.Amendment and Modification; Waiver. This Agreement may only be amended, modified or supplemented by an agreement in writing signed by all of the parties hereto. No failure to exercise, or delay in exercising, any right, remedy, power or privilege arising from this Agreement shall operate or be construed as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege.
5.Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the sole and entire agreement of the parties to this Agreement with respect to the subject matter contained herein and therein, and, effective as of the Effective Date, supersedes all prior and contemporaneous representations, warranties, understandings and agreements, both written and oral, with respect to such subject matter, other than any restrictive covenant agreements between Lower and the Company.

3


NOW, THEREFORE, intending to be legally bound hereby, Joseph T. Lower and AutoNation, Inc. sign this Agreement on the 23rd day of May, 2023.
ACCEPTED AND AGREED:
Joseph T. Lower
/s/ Joseph T. Lower        
Signature
AutoNation, Inc.


By: /s/ C. Coleman Edmunds
    C. Coleman Edmunds
    EVP, General Counsel & Secretary




EX-10.3 5 ex103letterofunderstanding.htm EX-10.3 Document
Exhibit 10.3
[AutoNation Letterhead]
April 27, 2023

Marc Cannon
[Address]

Dear Marc:
As discussed, effective May 15, 2023, you will transition from EVP and Chief Experience Officer to EVP of Corporate Responsibility. Outlined below are details to support your transition.

Transition Partnership
•Act as EVP of Corporate Responsibility, with responsibility for all DRV PNK activities, in coordination with Chief Marketing Officer on related events, until December 31, 2023.
•Provide transition support to Chief Marketing Officer, who is expected to start on May 15, 2023.

Additional Details
•Current 2023 compensation with base salary and bonus target will be maintained until December 31, 2023, at which time you will retire from the company.
•Annual bonus for 2023, as well as 2021 performance shares, will be paid out based on the company’s performance and planned scheduled timeframe in 2024.
•You will be eligible for vesting of the retention award on November 1, 2023, as well as retirement treatment as to other unvested awards in accordance with the terms of the equity plan and applicable award agreement.
•You will also continue to receive a vehicle allowance through March 31, 2024, the cost of COBRA coverage through March 31, 2024, and an executive physical during the first quarter of 2024.

Your many years of service are so greatly appreciated. I look forward to working together this year through your transition and retirement. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me at [phone number].

This letter constitutes the entire agreement as to your transition and supersedes any prior agreements or understandings.

Sincerely,

/s/ C. Coleman Edmunds

C. Coleman Edmunds
EVP & General Counsel
cc: Mike Manley, Chief Executive Officer
ACCEPTED AND AGREED:
/s/ Marc Cannon 4/27/23
Marc Cannon Date


EX-31.1 6 an10q63023ex311.htm SECTION 302 CEO CERTIFICATION Document

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Mike Manley, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of AutoNation, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Mike Manley
Mike Manley
Chief Executive Officer and Director
Date: July 21, 2023

EX-31.2 7 an10q63023ex312.htm SECTION 302 CFO CERTIFICATION Document

Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Joseph T. Lower, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of AutoNation, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Joseph T. Lower
Joseph T. Lower
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: July 21, 2023


EX-32.1 8 an10q63023ex321.htm SECTION 906 CEO CERTIFICATION Document

Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of AutoNation, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Mike Manley, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:
(1)the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
/s/ Mike Manley
Mike Manley
Chief Executive Officer and Director
Date: July 21, 2023

EX-32.2 9 an10q63023ex322.htm SECTION 906 CFO CERTIFICATION Document

Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of AutoNation, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Joseph T. Lower, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:
(1)the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
/s/ Joseph T. Lower
Joseph T. Lower
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: July 21, 2023