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___________________________________________________

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 1-4422

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

___________________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No x

Rollins, Inc. had 484,037,858 shares of its $1 par value Common Stock outstanding as of October 16, 2023.

(unaudited)

			Common Stock												Paid-in- Capital						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss)						Retained Earnings						Total
			Shares						Amount
Balance at June 30, 2023			492,821						$	492,821					$	121,005					$	(29,051)					$	757,450					$	1,342,225
Net Income			—						—						—						—						127,777						127,777
Other comprehensive income / (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments			—						—						—						(6,199)						—						(6,199)
Unrealized gain on available for sale securities			—						—						—						64						—						64
Cash dividends			—						—						—						—						(63,809)						(63,809)
Stock compensation			(57)						(57)						6,153						—						—						6,096
Employee stock buybacks			(2)						(2)						(510)						—						—						(512)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock, including excise tax			(8,724)						(8,724)						(2,799)						—						(291,276)						(302,799)
Balance at September 30, 2023			484,038						$	484,038					$	123,849					$	(35,186)					$	530,142					$	1,102,843

			Common Stock												Paid-in- Capital						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss)						Retained Earnings						Total
			Shares						Amount
Balance at June 30, 2022			492,417						$	492,417					$	109,070					$	(31,149)					$	607,040					$	1,177,378
Net Income			—						—						—						—						108,943						108,943
Other comprehensive income / (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments			—						—						—						(12,417)						—						(12,417)
Unrealized (losses) on available for sale securities			—						—						—						—						—						—
Cash dividends			—						—						—						—						(49,201)						(49,201)
Stock compensation			55						55						4,902						—						—						4,957
Employee stock buybacks			—						—						23						—						—						23
Balance at September 30, 2022			492,472						$	492,472					$	113,995					$	(43,566)					$	666,782					$	1,229,683

			Common Stock												Paid-in- Capital						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss)						Retained Earnings						Total
			Shares						Amount
Balance at December 31, 2022			492,448						$	492,448					$	119,242					$	(31,562)					$	687,069					$	1,267,197
Net Income			—						—						—						—						326,154						326,154
Other comprehensive income / (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments			—						—						—						(3,740)						—						(3,740)
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities			—						—						—						116						—						116
Cash dividends			—						—						—						—						(191,805)						(191,805)
Stock compensation			586						586						17,841						—						—						18,427
Employee stock buybacks			(272)						(272)						(10,435)						—						—						(10,707)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock, including excise tax			(8,724)						(8,724)						(2,799)						—						(291,276)						(302,799)
Balance at September 30, 2023			484,038						$	484,038					$	123,849					$	(35,186)					$	530,142					$	1,102,843

			Common Stock												Paid-in- Capital						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss)						Retained Earnings						Total
			Shares						Amount
Balance at December 31, 2021			491,911						$	491,911					$	105,629					$	(16,411)					$	530,088					$	1,111,217
Net Income			—						—						—						—						284,329						284,329
Other comprehensive income / (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments			—						—						—						(26,203)						—						(26,203)
Unrealized (losses) on available for sale securities			—						—						—						(952)						—						(952)
Cash dividends			—						—						—						—						(147,635)						(147,635)
Stock compensation			786						786						15,128						—						—						15,914
Employee stock buybacks			(225)						(225)						(6,762)						—						—						(6,987)
Balance at September 30, 2022			492,472						$	492,472					$	113,995					$	(43,566)					$	666,782					$	1,229,683

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP, the instructions to Form 10-Q and applicable sections of Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regulation S-X, and therefore do not include all information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies or the information disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Rollins, Inc. (including its subsidiaries unless the context otherwise requires, “Rollins,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2022. Accordingly, the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures herein should be read in conjunction with the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements reflect estimates and assumptions made by management that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related disclosures as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company considered the impact of economic trends on the assumptions and estimates used in preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all material adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial results for the quarter have been made. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature but complicated by the continued uncertainty surrounding economic trends. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year. The severity, magnitude and duration of certain economic trends continue to be uncertain and are difficult to predict. Therefore, our accounting estimates and assumptions may change over time in response to economic trends and may change materially in future periods.

Certain condensed consolidated financial statement amounts relative to the prior period have been revised as detailed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The impact of this revision on the Company's previously reported condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, includes a decrease to depreciation and amortization expense of $1.7 million and $5.2 million, respectively, and an increase in the provision for income tax expense of $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively. This revision affects these specific line items and subtotals within the consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows.

In March 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2022-02, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.” The amendments in this Update eliminate the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) by creditors in Subtopic 310-40, Receivables-Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, for public business entities, the amendments in this ASU require that an entity disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables. ASU 2022-02 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On April 1, 2023, the Company acquired 100% of FPC Holdings, LLC (“Fox Pest Control”, or "Fox"). As part of funding the Fox Pest Control acquisition, on April 3, 2023, the Company borrowed incremental amounts under the Credit Agreement of $305.0 million. The proceeds were used to pay cash consideration at closing.

Management believes that the acquisition will expand the Rollins family of brands and drive long term value given Fox's attractive financial profile and complementary end market exposure.

The Fox Pest Control acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination, and the Fox results of operations are included in the Company's results of operations from the April 1, 2023, acquisition date. Fox contributed revenues of $81.0 million and net earnings of $1.9 million from April 1, 2023, through the period end date, September 30, 2023.

The valuation of the Fox Pest Control acquisition was performed by a third-party valuation specialist under our management’s supervision. The preliminary values of identified assets acquired, and liabilities assumed for Fox Pest Control are summarized as follows (in thousands).

The Company purchased Fox Pest Control for $339.5 million. Included in the total consideration are cash payments of $302.8 million made upon closing, contingent consideration valued at $28.0 million that is based on Fox Pest Control's financial performance in the twelve months following acquisition, and holdback liabilities valued at $8.7 million to be held by the Company to settle indemnity claims and working capital adjustments. The fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a charge of $2.1 million related to adjustments to the fair value of contingent consideration resulting from the acquisition of Fox. This charge is reported within sales, general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statement of income.

Acquired customer contracts are estimated to have a remaining useful life of 7 years. The acquired trademarks and tradenames are expected to have an indefinite useful life. See Note 6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further details.

Goodwill from this acquisition represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets of the business acquired. The factors contributing to the amount of goodwill are based on strategic and synergistic benefits that are expected to be realized. The recognized goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Valuations of certain assets and liabilities, including intangible assets and goodwill, as of the acquisition date have not been finalized at this time and are provisional.

The following table presents unaudited consolidated pro forma information as if the acquisition of Fox had occurred on January 1, 2022. The information presented below is for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of results that would have been achieved if the acquisition had actually occurred as of the beginning of such years or results which may be achieved in the future.

The pro forma financial information above adjusts for the effects of material business combination items, including the alignment of accounting policies, the effect of fair value adjustments including the amortization of acquired intangible assets, interest expense related to the incremental borrowings under the Credit Agreement, and income tax effects as if Fox had been part of Rollins since January 1, 2022.

The Company also made 18 other acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The aggregate preliminary values of major classes of assets acquired and liabilities assumed recorded at the dates of acquisition, as adjusted during the valuation period, are included in the reconciliation of the total preliminary consideration as follows (in thousands):

Included in the total consideration of $57.8 million are acquisition holdback liabilities of $6.2 million.

Goodwill from acquisitions represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets of businesses acquired. The factors contributing to the amount of goodwill are based on strategic and synergistic benefits that are expected to be realized. A majority of the recognized goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Valuations of certain assets and liabilities, including intangible assets and goodwill, as of the acquisition date have not been finalized at this time and are provisional.

Revenue, classified by the major geographic areas in which our customers are located, was as follows:

Revenue from external customers, classified by significant product and service offerings, was as follows:

Sales and usage-based taxes are excluded from revenues. No sales to an individual customer or in a country other than the United States accounted for 10% or more of the sales for the periods listed in the above table.

The Company records unearned revenue when we have either received payment or contractually have the right to bill for services in advance of the services or performance obligations being performed. Unearned revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022 was $59.4 million and $51.6 million, respectively and $172.6 million and $152.5 million, respectively. Changes in unearned revenue were as follows:

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had long-term unearned revenue of $36.9 million and $29.9 million, respectively, recorded in other long-term accrued liabilities. Unearned short-term revenue is recognized over the next 12-month period. The majority of unearned long-term revenue is recognized over a period of five years or less with immaterial amounts recognized through 2033.

The Company is exposed to credit losses primarily related to accounts receivables and financed receivables derived from customer services revenue. To reduce credit risk for residential pest control accounts receivable, we promote enrollment in our auto-pay programs. In general, we may suspend future services for customers with past due balances. The Company’s credit risk is generally low with a large number of individuals and entities comprising Rollins’ customer base and dispersion across many different geographical regions.

The Company manages its financing receivables on an aggregate basis when assessing and monitoring credit risks. The Company’s established credit evaluation and monitoring procedures seek to minimize the amount of business we conduct with higher risk customers. The credit quality of a potential obligor is evaluated at the loan origination based on an assessment of the individual’s Beacon/credit bureau score. Rollins requires a potential obligor to have good credit worthiness with low risk before entering into a contract. Depending upon the individual’s credit score, the Company may accept with 100% financing, require a significant down payment or turn down the contract. Delinquencies of accounts are monitored each month. Financing receivables include installment receivable amounts, some of which are due subsequent to one year from the balance sheet dates.

The Company’s allowances for credit losses for trade accounts receivable and financed receivables are developed using historical collection experience, current economic and market conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts, and a review of the current status of customers’ receivables. The Company’s receivable pools are classified between residential customers, commercial customers, large commercial customers, and financed receivables. Accounts are written off against the allowance for credit losses when the Company determines that amounts are uncollectible, and recoveries of amounts previously written off are recorded when collected. The Company stops accruing interest to these receivables when they are deemed uncollectible.

Below is a roll forward of the Company’s allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022.

The following table summarizes changes in goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

The carrying amount of goodwill in foreign countries was $105.6 million as of September 30, 2023, and $97.4 million as of December 31, 2022.

The following table sets forth the components of indefinite-lived and amortizable intangible assets as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

The carrying amount of customer contracts in foreign countries was $52.0 million and $46.1 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The carrying amount of trademarks and tradenames in foreign countries was $3.8 million and $4.2 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The carrying amount of other intangible assets in foreign countries was $0.6 million and $0.7 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $16.5 million and $14.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $48.5 million and $41.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Customer contracts and other amortizable intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their economic useful lives.

Estimated amortization expense for the existing carrying amount of customer contracts and other intangible assets for each of the five succeeding fiscal years as of September 30, 2023 are as follows:

Effective January 1, 2023, we reorganized our reporting structure including the transition of Jerry E. Gahlhoff, Jr. to the role of Chief Executive Officer. As a result of the transition, we reevaluated our segment reporting and determined that we now have two operating segments and two goodwill reporting units, but we continue to operate under one reportable segment which contains our residential, commercial, and termite business lines. We performed an assessment of whether there was an indication of goodwill impairment before and after the reorganization. In that analysis, we determined that no goodwill impairment existed.

Following the reorganization of our reporting structure and determination that we have two goodwill reporting units, we changed the date of our annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test from September 30 to October 1. The change in the date of the annual assessment represents a change in accounting principle. Management believes this change in accounting principle is preferable, as the later date better aligns the timing of the tests with the availability of key inputs, such as forecasts for our two reporting units, and provides us additional time for the completion of our annual impairment testing in advance of our year-end reporting.

Any change in testing date for goodwill or an indefinite-lived intangible asset should not result in more than one year elapsing between impairment tests. We performed a goodwill impairment analysis as of January 1, 2023, noting no impairment. We performed an analysis of our indefinite-lived intangible assets on September 30, 2023, noting no impairment. We will perform an annual assessment for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets as of October 1, 2023.

This change was not material to our consolidated financial statements and was not intended to nor did it delay, accelerate, or avoid an impairment charge. We determined that it was impracticable to objectively apply this change retrospectively as it would require application of significant estimates and assumptions with the use of hindsight.

The Company leases certain buildings, vehicles, and equipment. The Company elected the practical expedient approach permitted under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842 “Leases”, not to include short-term leases with a duration of 12 months or less on the balance sheet. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, all leases were classified as operating leases. Building leases generally carry terms of 1 to 15 years with annual rent escalations at fixed amounts per the lease. Vehicle leases generally carry a fixed term of one year with renewal options to extend the lease on a monthly basis resulting in lease terms up to 7 years depending on the class of vehicle. The exercise of renewal options is at the Company’s sole discretion. It is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise certain renewal options on its vehicle leases. The measurement of right-of-use assets and liabilities for vehicle leases includes the fixed payments associated with such renewal periods. We separate lease and non-lease components of contracts. Our lease agreements do not contain any material variable payments, residual value guarantees, early termination penalties or restrictive covenants.

The Company uses the rate implicit in the lease when available; however, most of our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Accordingly, we estimate our incremental borrowing rate based on information available at lease commencement.

Future minimum lease payments, including assumed exercise of renewal options as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:

Future commitments presented in the table above include lease payments in renewal periods for which it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the renewal option. Total future minimum lease payments for operating leases, including the amount representing interest, are comprised of $177.3 million for building leases and $165.3 million for vehicle leases. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had additional future obligations of $15.3 million for leases that had not yet commenced.

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, financed and notes receivable, accounts payable, other short-term liabilities, and debt. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments approximate their respective fair values. The Company also has derivative instruments as further discussed in Note 10. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine fair value. Level 1 refers to fair values determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant other observable inputs, and Level 3 includes fair values estimated using significant non-observable inputs.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had investments in international bonds of $9.5 million and $10.7 million, respectively. These bonds are accounted for as available for sale securities and are level 2 assets under the fair value hierarchy. At September 30, 2023, $0.9 million was included in other current assets and $8.6 million was included in other assets. At December 31, 2022, $0.5 million was included in other current assets and $10.2 million was included in other assets. The bonds are recorded at fair market value with an insignificant amount of unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. No gain or loss was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and losses of $1.0 million are included in other comprehensive income during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $47.5 million and $13.5 million of acquisition holdback and earnout liabilities payable to former owners of acquired companies, respectively. The earnout liabilities were discounted to reflect the expected probability of payout, and both earnout and holdback liabilities were discounted to their net present value on the Company’s books and are considered level 3 liabilities. The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for these liabilities.

On February 24, 2023, the Company entered into a revolving credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with, among others, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPMorgan Chase”), as administrative agent (in such capacity, the “Administrative Agent”), which refinanced its previous credit facility described below. This Credit Agreement replaces the April 2019 facility that was set to expire in April 2024.

The Credit Agreement provides for a $1.0 billion revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), which may be denominated in U.S. Dollars and other currencies, including Euros, Australian Dollars, Canadian Dollars, New Zealand Dollars, Pounds Sterling and Japanese Yen, subject to a $400 million foreign currency sublimit. The Credit Facility also includes sub-facilities for the issuance of letters of credit of up to $150 million and swing line loans at the Administrative Agent’s discretion of up to $50 million. Certain subsidiaries of Rollins provide unsecured guarantees of the Credit Facility. Rollins has the ability to expand its borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement in the form of increased revolving commitments or one or more tranches of term loans by up to an additional $750 million, subject to the agreement of the participating lenders and certain other customary conditions. The maturity date of the loans under the Credit Agreement is February 24, 2028.

Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at Rollins’ election, at (i) for loans denominated in U.S. Dollars, (A) an alternate base rate (subject to a floor of 0.00%), which is the greatest of (x) the prime rate publicly announced from time to time by JPMorgan Chase, (y) the greater of the federal funds effective rate and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York overnight bank funding rate, plus 50 basis points, and (z) Adjusted Term SOFR for a one month interest period, plus a margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.50% per annum based on Rollins’ consolidated total net leverage ratio; or (B) the greater of term SOFR for the applicable interest period plus 10 basis points (“Adjusted Term SOFR”) and zero, plus a margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.50% per annum based on Rollins’ consolidated total net leverage ratio; and (ii) for loans denominated in other currencies, including Euros, Australian Dollars, Canadian Dollars, New Zealand Dollars, Pounds Sterling and Japanese Yen, such interest rates as set forth in the Credit Agreement.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $599.0 million under the Credit Facility. Borrowings under the Credit Facility are presented under the long-term debt caption of our condensed consolidated balance sheet, net of $2.4 million in unamortized debt issuance costs as of September 30, 2023.

The aggregate effective interest rate on the debt outstanding as of September 30, 2023 was 6.4%. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $54.9 million under the previous Term Loan and there were no outstanding borrowings under the previous Revolving Commitment. The aggregate effective interest rate on the debt outstanding as of December 31, 2022 was 5.1%.

The Credit Agreement contains customary terms and conditions, including, without limitation, certain financial covenants including covenants restricting Rollins’ ability to incur certain indebtedness or liens, or to merge or consolidate with or sell substantially all of its assets to another entity. Further, the Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant restricting Rollins’ ability to permit the ratio of Rollins’ consolidated total net debt to EBITDA to exceed 3.50 to 1.00. Following certain acquisitions, Rollins may elect to increase the financial covenant level to 4.00 to 1.00 temporarily. The ratio is calculated as of the last day of the fiscal quarter most recently ended. The Credit Agreement also contains provisions permitting a future environmental, social and governance amendment, subject to certain terms and conditions contained therein, by which pricing may be adjusted pursuant to the Company's performance measured against certain sustainability-linked metrics. The Company is in compliance with applicable debt covenants as of September 30, 2023.

The Company is exposed to certain interest rate risks on our outstanding debt and foreign currency risks arising from our international business operations and global economic conditions. The Company enters into certain derivative financial instruments to lock in certain interest rates, as well as to protect the value or fix the amount of certain obligations in terms of its functional currency, the U.S. dollar.

The Company is exposed to fluctuations in various foreign currencies against its functional currency, the U.S. dollar. We use foreign currency derivatives, specifically foreign currency forward contracts (“FX Forwards”), to manage our exposure to fluctuations in the USD-CAD and USD-AUD exchange rates. FX Forwards involve fixing the foreign currency exchange rate for delivery of a specified amount of foreign currency on a specified date. The FX Forwards are typically settled in U.S. dollars for their fair value at or close to their settlement date. We do not currently designate any of these FX Forwards under hedge accounting, but rather reflect the changes in fair value immediately in earnings. We do not use such instruments for speculative or trading purposes, but rather use them to manage our exposure to foreign exchange rates. Changes in the fair value of FX Forwards were recorded in other income/expense and were insignificant for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023. Changes in the fair value of FX Forwards during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2022 resulted in net gains of $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively. The fair values of the Company’s FX Forwards were recorded as net assets of $0.1 million and $0.3 million in Other Current Assets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had the following outstanding FX Forwards (in thousands except for number of instruments):

In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are involved in, and will continue to be involved in, various claims, arbitrations, contractual disputes, investigations, and regulatory and litigation matters relating to, and arising out of, our businesses and our operations. These matters may involve, but are not limited to, allegations that our services or vehicles caused damage or injury, claims that our services did not achieve the desired results, claims related to acquisitions and allegations by federal, state or local authorities, including taxing authorities, of violations of regulations or statutes.

In addition, we are parties to employment-related cases and claims from time to time, which may include claims on a representative or class action basis alleging wage and hour law violations. We are also involved from time to time in certain environmental matters primarily arising in the normal course of business. We evaluate pending and threatened claims and establish loss contingency reserves based upon outcomes we currently believe to be probable and reasonably estimable.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company paid $191.8 million, or $0.39 per share, in cash dividends compared to $147.6 million, or $0.30 per share, during the same period in 2022.

On September 6, 2023, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with LOR, Inc. (“LOR”), and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, as representatives of the several underwriters (the “Underwriters”), relating to the sale by LOR of 38,724,100 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share (the “Common Stock”), at a public offering price of $35.00 per share (the “Offering”). In connection with the Offering, LOR granted the Underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional 5,785,714 shares of Common Stock (the “Optional Shares”). The Offering, including the sale of the Optional Shares, closed on September 11, 2023. The Company did not sell any shares in the Offering and did not receive any proceeds from the Offering. In addition, the Company completed the repurchase of 8,724,100 of the shares of Common Stock offered in the Offering for approximately $300 million at $34.39 per share.

As we repurchase our common stock, we reduce common stock for par value of the shares repurchased, with the excess of the purchase price over par value recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital and retained earnings.

The Company did not repurchase shares on the open market during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

The Company repurchases shares from employees for the payment of their taxes on restricted shares that have vested. The Company repurchased $10.7 million and $7.0 million during the nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company also purchased shares on behalf of employees for the Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") discussed below.

As more fully discussed in Note 14 of the Company’s notes to the consolidated financial statements in its 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, time-lapse restricted awards and restricted stock units (“restricted shares”) have been issued to officers and other management employees under the Company’s Employee Stock Incentive Plans. Beginning with the 2023 grant, restricted shares vest in 25 percent increments over four years from the date of the grant.

Prior grants vest either over five years or over six years from the date of grant, depending on the year of the grant. Additionally, during 2023, certain executives were granted Performance Share Unit awards (PSUs) in addition to restricted shares. These awards will be expensed on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period.

The Company issues new shares from its authorized but unissued share pool. As of September 30, 2023, approximately 5.3 million shares of the Company’s common stock were reserved for issuance.

The following table summarizes the components of the Company’s stock-based compensation programs recorded as expense:

The following table summarizes information on unvested awards outstanding as of September 30, 2023:

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $56.3 million and $52.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, respectively, related to restricted shares and PSUs that are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3 years and 3.5 years, respectively.

As more fully discussed in Note 14 of the Company’s notes to the consolidated financial statements in its 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, shareholders approved the Rollins, Inc. 2022 Employee Stock Purchase Plan which provides eligible employees with the option to purchase shares of Company common stock, at a discount, through payroll deductions. The most recent purchase period for the ESPP began on July 1, 2023, and will end on December 31, 2023. The Company recorded compensation expense associated with its ESPP of $0.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Compensation expense for the ESPP is included in cost of services provided and sales, general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

The Company reports both basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to participating common stockholders by the weighted average number of participating common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net income available to participating common shareholders by the diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. The diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding is the basic weighted number of shares adjusted for any potentially dilutive equity.

A reconciliation of weighted average shares outstanding is as follows (in thousands):

The Company’s provision for income taxes is recorded on an interim basis based upon the Company’s estimate of the annual effective income tax rate for the full year applied to “ordinary” income or loss, adjusted each quarter for discrete items. The Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $44.3 million and $37.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and $113.4 million and $92.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company’s effective tax rate was 25.7% in the third quarter of 2023, consistent with the 25.7% rate in the third quarter of 2022. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company’s effective tax rate increased to 25.8% compared to 24.5% in 2022. The rate was higher due to higher foreign income taxes compared to the prior year.

On September 6, 2023, the Company entered into the Underwriting Agreement with LOR and the Underwriters, relating to the Offering. In connection with the Offering, LOR granted the Underwriters an option to purchase Optional Shares. The Offering, including the sale of the Optional Shares, closed on September 11, 2023. Upon closing the Offering, LOR paid $3.5 million to the Company pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) between the Company and LOR dated as of June 5, 2023. The Company did not sell any shares in the Offering and did not receive any proceeds from the Offering. In addition, the Company completed the repurchase of 8,724,100 of the shares of Common Stock offered in the Offering for approximately $300 million at the same per share price paid by the Underwriters to LOR in the Offering, or $34.39 per share.

In connection with the Offering, LOR entered into a lock-up agreement with the Underwriters for a period of 365 days from the pricing date of the Offering, during which time LOR will be restricted from engaging in certain transactions with respect to its shares of the Company’s common stock. The Offering was made pursuant to the Company’s existing registration statement on Form S-3, previously filed with the SEC and declared effective by the SEC on June 22, 2023, as supplemented by the prospectus supplement dated September 6, 2023, filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

The Underwriting Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants of the Company and LOR and also provides for customary indemnification by each of the Company, LOR and the Underwriters against certain liabilities. The foregoing description of the Underwriting Agreement is not meant to be a complete description and is qualified in its entirety by the Underwriting Agreement, which is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 11, 2023. The foregoing description of the Registration Rights Agreement is not meant to be a complete description and is qualified in its entirety by the Registration Rights Agreement, which is filed as Exhibit 4.11 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed June 5, 2023.

During the third quarter of 2023, the Company executed a restructuring program to modernize its workforce. These changes were primarily across corporate-related functions and will enable us to make more strategic improvements in our support functions. As a result of this program, the Company incurred $5.2 million in restructuring costs, consisting mainly of one-time termination benefits, including severance and outplacement services, stock-based compensation, and other benefits-related costs. These costs are recorded within restructuring costs in our condensed consolidated statement of income. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had accrued restructuring costs of $3.3 million, which are included in other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

On October 24, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend on its common stock of $0.15 per share payable on December 11, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on November 10, 2023.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties and reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our 2022 Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and “Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included in this report and those discussed in other documents we file from time to time with the SEC.

Below is a summary of the key operating results for the three months ended September 30, 2023:

•Third quarter revenues were $840.4 million, an increase of 15.2% over the third quarter 2022 with organic revenues* increasing 8.4%. We had strong growth across the portfolio with double digit growth in all service categories. The stronger dollar versus foreign currencies in countries where we operate reduced revenues by 10 basis points during the quarter.

•Quarterly operating income was $177.1 million, an increase of 21.8% over the third quarter of 2022. Quarterly operating margin was 21.1% of revenue, an increase of 120 basis points over the third quarter of 2022. Adjusted operating income* was $187.6 million, an increase of 29.0% over the prior year. Adjusted operating income margin* was 22.3%, an increase of 240 basis points over the prior year.

•Quarterly net income was $127.8 million, an increase of 17.3% over the prior year net income. Adjusted net income* was $135.6 million, an increase of 24.4% over the prior year.

•Quarterly EPS was $0.26 per diluted share, an 18.2% increase over the prior year EPS of $0.22. Adjusted EPS* was $0.28 per diluted share, an increase of 27.3% over the prior year.

•Adjusted EBITDA* was $208.5 million for the quarter, an increase of 22.7%. Adjusted EBITDA margin* was 24.8% of revenue, an increase of 150 basis points over the third quarter of 2022.

Demand is favorable to start the fourth quarter and we continue to maintain a very healthy balance sheet that positions us well to continue to invest in growth programs across our business. Although we continue to navigate a highly uncertain macro-environment, we believe we are positioned well to deliver strong results in 2023.

*Amounts are non-GAAP financial measures. See the schedules below for a discussion of non-GAAP financial metrics including a reconciliation of the most closely correlated GAAP measure.

The continued disruption in economic markets due to high inflation, increases in interest rates, business interruptions due to natural disasters, employee shortages, and supply chain issues, all pose challenges which may adversely affect our future performance. The Company continues to carry out various strategies previously implemented to help mitigate the impact of these economic disruptors, including advanced scheduling to compensate for employee and vehicle shortages, and maintaining higher purchasing levels to allow for sufficient inventory.

However, the Company cannot reasonably estimate whether these strategies will help mitigate the impact of these economic disruptors in the future.

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements reflect estimates and assumptions made by management that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related disclosures as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company considered the impact of economic trends on the assumptions and estimates used in preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all material adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial results for the year have been made. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature but complicated by the continued uncertainty surrounding these macro economic trends. The severity, magnitude and duration of certain economic trends continue to be uncertain and are difficult to predict. Therefore, our accounting estimates and assumptions may change over time in response to economic trends and may change materially in future periods.

The extent to which increasing interest rates, inflation and other economic trends will continue to impact the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations is uncertain. Therefore, we cannot reasonably estimate the full future impacts of these matters at this time.

(1) Exclusive of depreciation and amortization

(2) Amounts are non-GAAP financial measures. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of non-GAAP financial metrics including a reconciliation of the most closely correlated GAAP measure.

Revenues for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 were $840.4 million, an increase of $110.7 million, or 15.2%, from 2022 revenues of $729.7 million. Organic revenue* growth was 8.4% with acquisitions adding 6.8% in the quarter. The stronger dollar versus foreign currencies in countries where we operate reduced revenues by 10 basis points during the quarter. Comparing 2023 to 2022, residential pest control revenue increased 20%, commercial pest control revenue increased 12% and termite and ancillary services grew 11%. The Company’s foreign operations accounted for approximately 7% of total revenues for the quarters ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Revenues are impacted by the seasonal nature of the Company’s pest and termite control services. The increase in pest activity, as well as the metamorphosis of termites in the spring and summer (the occurrence of which is determined by the change in seasons), has historically resulted in an increase in the Company’s revenues as evidenced by the following chart:

Gross profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 was $451.9 million, an increase of $70.3 million, or 18.4%, compared to $381.5 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022. Gross margin improved 150 basis points to 53.8% in 2023 compared to 52.3% in 2022. The recent acquisition of Fox was accretive to gross margin by 30 basis points. Additionally, a stabilization of claims experience in the quarter drove 70 basis points of improvement in gross margin. Excluding Fox and the more favorable claims experience, we saw 50 basis points of improvement in underlying margins, as pricing more than offset inflationary pressures. We had good leverage on people costs and materials and supplies, which is partially offset by higher fleet costs associated primarily with a decline in vehicle gains related to leased vehicles.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2023, sales, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased $31.3 million, or 14.7%, compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2022. As a percentage of revenue, SG&A decreased to 29.1% from 29.3% in the prior year.

There are three categories of costs that comprise the majority of SG&A: people costs, customer acquisition related costs, and insurance and claims. While we saw leverage in certain of our people costs and insurance claims costs, this was partially offset by an increase in customer-related costs incurred to drive demand.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, we executed a restructuring program to modernize our workforce. This effort resulted in expense of approximately $5.2 million in the quarter. The large majority of the costs incurred are related to severance-related costs for employees who were terminated as part of this effort. The changes were primarily across corporate-related functions and will enable us to make more strategic improvements in our support functions.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2023, depreciation and amortization increased $2.1 million, or 9.3%, compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2022. The increase was due to higher amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions, most notably Fox Pest Control, offset by lower depreciation of operating equipment and internal-use software.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2023, operating income increased $31.7 million, or 21.8%, compared to the prior year.

As a percentage of revenue, operating income was 21.1%, an increase of 120 basis points over the third quarter of 2022. Operating margin improved on the changes noted in gross profit and sales, general & administrative above, offset by restructuring, and higher depreciation and amortization associated primarily with our acquisition of Fox.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, interest expense, net increased $4.7 million compared to the prior year, primarily due to the higher average debt balance, as well as the increase in weighted average interest rates in 2023 compared to 2022. The increase was driven primarily by the increased debt associated with the acquisition of Fox and the share repurchase completed in the third quarter.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, other income decreased $1.5 million primarily due to lower gains on asset sales.

The Company’s effective tax rate was 25.7% in the third quarter of 2023, and was in line with the same rate for the third quarter of 2022.

(1) Exclusive of depreciation and amortization

(2) Amounts are non-GAAP financial measures. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of non-GAAP financial metrics including a reconciliation of the most closely correlated GAAP measure.

Revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $2.3 billion, an increase of $284.8 million, or 14.0%, from 2022 revenues of $2.0 billion. Organic revenue* growth was 8.4% and acquisitions added 5.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The stronger U.S. Dollar reduced year-to-date revenues by 30 basis points versus the same period a year ago. The currency headwind was primarily related to a stronger U.S. Dollar versus both the Canadian and Australian Dollar. Comparing 2023 to 2022, residential pest control revenue increased 16%, commercial pest control revenue increased 12% and termite and ancillary services grew 13%. The Company’s foreign operations accounted for approximately 7% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $1.2 billion, an increase of $165.5 million, or 15.7%, compared to $1.1 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Gross margin improved 80 basis points to 52.6% in 2023 compared to 51.8% in 2022. The recent acquisition of Fox was accretive to margins. Despite improvements in Q3, a less favorable claims experience decreased margins in the first nine months of the year.

Excluding these items, we saw 60 basis points of improvement in underlying margins, as pricing initiatives more than offset inflationary pressures across people-related costs, materials and supplies, and fleet-related costs, our most significant areas of cost of services.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, SG&A expenses increased $84.3 million, or 13.8%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. As a percentage of revenue, SG&A expenses decreased slightly to 30.0% from 30.1% in the prior year.

Despite investing in additional people, advertising and other customer facing activities to drive growth, we saw an improvement in SG&A as a percentage of sales as we continue to manage our cost structure. Despite improvements in Q3, insurance and legacy claims related primarily to auto accidents continue to be a headwind to SG&A and SG&A as a percentage of sales.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we executed a restructuring program in the third quarter to modernize our workforce. This effort resulted in expense of approximately $5.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The large majority of the costs incurred are related to severance-related costs for employees who were terminated as part of this effort. This adjustment allows us to make strategic improvements in our support functions.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, depreciation and amortization increased $5.3 million, or 7.8%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was due to higher amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions, most notably Fox, offset by lower depreciation of operating equipment and internal-use software.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, operating income increased $70.7 million, or 18.9%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. As a percentage of revenue, operating income increased to 19.2% from 18.4% in the prior year. The improvement in operating income as a percentage of sales is driven by the changes in gross profit and SG&A noted above, offset by higher restructuring costs.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, interest expense, net increased $8.5 million, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, due to the increase in the average debt balance associated primarily with the acquisition of Fox, and the share repurchase completed in the third quarter.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, other income increased $1.1 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, due to gains on asset sales.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company’s effective tax rate increased to 25.8% compared to 24.5% in 2022 due to higher foreign income taxes.

Reconciliation of GAAP and non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company has used the non-GAAP financial measures of organic revenues, adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income, and adjusted earnings per share (“EPS”), earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), EBITDA margin, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, and free cash flow in this Form 10-Q. Organic revenue is calculated as revenue less acquisition revenue. Acquisition revenue is calculated as the trailing 12-month revenue of our acquired entities. Adjusted operating income and adjusted operating margin are calculated by adding back to the GAAP measures those expenses resulting from the amortization of certain intangible assets and adjustments to the fair value of contingent consideration resulting from the acquisition of Fox Pest Control and restructuring costs related to restructuring and workforce reduction plans. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are calculated by adding back to the GAAP measures those expenses resulting from the adjustments to the fair value of contingent consideration resulting from the acquisition of Fox Pest Control and restructuring costs related to restructuring and workforce reduction plans. Adjusted net income and adjusted EPS are calculated by adding back those acquisition-related expenses and restructuring costs to the GAAP measures and by further subtracting the tax impact of those expenses. Free cash flow is calculated by subtracting capital expenditures from cash provided by operating activities. These measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for revenues, net income, earnings per share or other performance measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Management uses adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income, adjusted EPS, EBITDA, EBITDA margin, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, and free cash flow as measures of operating performance because this measure allows the Company to compare performance consistently over various periods. Management also uses organic revenues to compare revenues over various periods excluding the impact of acquisitions. Management uses free cash flow to demonstrate the Company’s ability to maintain its asset base and generate future cash flows from operations. An analysis of any non-GAAP financial measure should be used in conjunction with results presented in accordance with GAAP.

A non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of financial performance, financial position, or cash flows that either 1) excludes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding amounts, that are included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the statement of operations, balance sheet or statement of cash flows, or 2) includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of including amounts, that are excluded from the most directly comparable measure so calculated and presented.

Set forth below is a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures contained in this report with their most comparable GAAP measures (in thousands, except per share data and margins).