株探米国株
英語
エドガーで原本を確認する
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2024
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to 
Commission file number: 001-31343

Associated Banc-Corp
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Wisconsin 39-1098068
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
433 Main Street
Green Bay, Wisconsin 54301
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(920) 491-7500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(not applicable)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share ASB New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shrs, each representing 1/40th intrst in a shr of 5.875% Non-Cum. Perp Pref Stock, Srs E ASB PrE New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shrs, each representing 1/40th intrst in a shr of 5.625% Non-Cum. Perp Pref Stock, Srs F ASB PrF New York Stock Exchange
6.625% Fixed-Rate Reset Subordinated Notes due 2033 ASBA New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes  ☑        No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes  ☑        No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer   Smaller reporting company  
Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes  ☐        No  ☑
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

The number of shares outstanding of registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at July 25, 2024 was 150,900,815.
1


ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Table of Contents
    Page

2


ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Commonly Used Terms
The following listing provides a reference of common acronyms, abbreviations, and other defined terms used throughout the document:
ACLL Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
AFS Available for Sale
ALCO Asset / Liability Committee
ASU Accounting Standards Update
the Bank Associated Bank, National Association
Basel III International framework established by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision for the regulation of capital and liquidity
bp basis point(s)
BTFP Bank Term Funding Program
CDs Certificates of Deposit
CDIs Core Deposit Intangibles
CECL Current Expected Credit Losses
CET1 Common Equity Tier 1
CFPB Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Corporation / our Associated Banc-Corp collectively with all of its subsidiaries and affiliates
CRA Community Reinvestment Act
CRE Commercial Real Estate
EAR Earnings at Risk
Exchange Act Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Reserve Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
FFELP Federal Family Education Loan Program
FHLB Federal Home Loan Bank
FHLMC Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
FICO Fair Isaac Corporation, provider of a broad-based risk score to aid in credit decisions
FNMA Federal National Mortgage Association
FTEs Full-time equivalent employees
FTP Funds Transfer Pricing
GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
GNMA Government National Mortgage Association
GSE Government-Sponsored Enterprise
HTM Held to Maturity
LTV Loan-to-Value
Moody's
Moody’s Investors Service
MSRs Mortgage Servicing Rights
MVE Market Value of Equity
NAV Measured at fair value using Net Asset Value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient
Net Free Funds Noninterest-bearing sources of funds
NPAs Nonperforming Assets
OCI Other Comprehensive Income
OREO Other Real Estate Owned
Parent Company Associated Banc-Corp individually
RAP Retirement Account Plan - the Corporation's noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan
Repurchase Agreements Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
3


Restricted Stock Awards Restricted common stock and restricted common stock units to certain key employees
Retirement Eligible Colleagues Colleagues whose retirement meets the early retirement or normal retirement definitions under the applicable equity compensation plan
ROCET1
Return on Common Equity Tier 1
SBA Small Business Administration
SEC U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
Series E Preferred Stock The Corporation's 5.875% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E, liquidation preference $1,000 per share
Series F Preferred Stock The Corporation's 5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series F, liquidation preference $1,000 per share
YTD Year-to-Date

4


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements:
ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Consolidated Balance Sheets
  Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
 (In thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Assets
Cash and due from banks $ 470,818  $ 484,384 
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions 484,677  425,089 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 3,600  14,350 
AFS investment securities, at fair value 3,912,730  3,600,892 
HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost 3,799,035  3,860,160 
Equity securities 22,944  41,651 
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks, at cost 212,102  229,171 
Residential loans held for sale 83,795  33,011 
Commercial loans held for sale —  90,303 
Loans 29,618,271  29,216,218 
Allowance for loan losses (355,844) (351,094)
Loans, net 29,262,428  28,865,124 
Tax credit and other investments 246,300  258,067 
Premises and equipment, net 369,968  372,978 
Bank and corporate owned life insurance 683,451  682,649 
Goodwill 1,104,992  1,104,992 
Other intangible assets, net 36,066  40,471 
Mortgage servicing rights, net 85,640  84,390 
Interest receivable 173,106  169,569 
Other assets 672,256  658,604 
Total assets $ 41,623,908  $ 41,015,855 
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits $ 5,815,045  $ 6,119,956 
Interest-bearing deposits 26,875,995  27,326,093 
Total deposits 32,691,039  33,446,049 
Short-term funding 859,539  326,780 
FHLB advances 2,673,046  1,940,194 
Other long-term funding 536,113  541,269 
Allowance for unfunded commitments 33,776  34,776 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 588,057  552,814 
Total liabilities $ 37,381,571  $ 36,841,882 
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred equity $ 194,112  $ 194,112 
Common equity
Common stock $ 1,752  $ 1,752 
Surplus 1,711,316  1,714,822 
Retained earnings 3,070,762  2,946,805 
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) (219,214) (171,096)
Treasury stock, at cost (516,391) (512,421)
Total common equity 4,048,225  3,979,861 
Total stockholders’ equity 4,242,337  4,173,973 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 41,623,908  $ 41,015,855 
Preferred shares authorized (par value $1.00 per share)
750,000  750,000 
Preferred shares issued and outstanding 200,000  200,000 
Common shares authorized (par value $0.01 per share)
250,000,000  250,000,000 
Common shares issued 175,216,409  175,216,409 
Common shares outstanding 150,785,257  151,036,674 
Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5


Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:
ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
  Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
 (In thousands, except per share data)
2024 2023 2024 2023
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans $ 456,788  $ 423,307  $ 911,260  $ 814,626 
Interest and dividends on investment securities
Taxable 50,278  35,845  96,826  65,987 
Tax-exempt 14,669  15,994  29,443  32,019 
Other interest 8,539  6,086  16,133  11,415 
Total interest income 530,274  481,231  1,053,662  924,048 
Interest expense
Interest on deposits 221,062  162,196  447,293  271,618 
Interest on federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase 2,303  2,261  5,166  5,404 
Interest on other short-term funding 6,077  —  10,785 
Interest on FHLB advances 34,143  49,261  55,814  99,222 
Interest on long-term funding 10,096  9,596  20,154  15,876 
Total interest expense 273,681  223,314  539,211  392,121 
Net interest income 256,593  257,917  514,451  531,927 
Provision for credit losses 23,008  22,100  47,009  40,071 
Net interest income after provision for credit losses 233,585  235,817  467,442  491,856 
Noninterest income
Wealth management fees 22,628  20,483  44,323  40,672 
Service charges and deposit account fees 12,263  12,372  24,702  25,366 
Card-based fees 11,975  11,396  23,242  21,982 
Other fee-based revenue 4,857  4,465  9,259  8,740 
Capital markets, net 4,685  5,093  8,735  10,176 
Mortgage banking, net 2,505  7,768  5,166  11,313 
Bank and corporate owned life insurance 4,584  2,172  7,154  4,835 
Asset (losses), net (627) (299) (933) (35)
Investment securities gains, net 67  14  3,947  66 
Other 2,222  2,080  4,549  4,501 
Total noninterest income 65,159  65,543  130,144  127,616 
Noninterest expense
Personnel 121,581  114,089  240,976  230,510 
Technology 27,161  24,220  53,362  47,818 
Occupancy 13,128  13,587  26,761  28,650 
Business development and advertising 7,535  7,106  14,052  12,955 
Equipment 4,450  4,975  9,049  9,906 
Legal and professional 4,429  4,831  9,101  8,688 
Loan and foreclosure costs 1,793  1,635  3,771  2,773 
FDIC assessment 7,131  9,550  21,077  16,425 
Other intangible amortization 2,203  2,203  4,405  4,405 
Other 6,450  8,476  10,963  15,955 
Total noninterest expense 195,861  190,673  393,518  378,086 
Income before income taxes 102,884  110,687  204,068  241,386 
Income tax (benefit) expense (12,689) 23,533  7,326  50,873 
Net income 115,573  87,154  196,742  190,514 
Preferred stock dividends 2,875  2,875  5,750  5,750 
Net income available to common equity $ 112,698  $ 84,279  $ 190,992  $ 184,764 
Earnings per common share
Basic $ 0.75  $ 0.56  $ 1.27  $ 1.23 
Diluted $ 0.74  $ 0.56  $ 1.26  $ 1.22 
Average common shares outstanding
Basic 149,872  149,986  149,864  149,875 
Diluted 151,288  150,870  151,310  150,903 
Numbers may not sum due to rounding.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6


Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:
ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net income $ 115,573  $ 87,154  $ 196,742  $ 190,514 
Other comprehensive (loss), net of tax
AFS investment securities
Net unrealized (losses) (11,126) (49,066) (41,014) (12,588)
Amortization of net unrealized losses on AFS securities transferred to HTM securities 2,122  2,289  4,182  4,556 
Reclassification adjustment for net losses realized in net income —  —  197  — 
Income tax benefit 2,253  11,843  9,138  1,951 
Other comprehensive (loss) on AFS securities (6,751) (34,934) (27,498) (6,081)
Cash flow hedge derivatives
Net unrealized (losses) (6,787) (34,147) (26,248) (20,384)
Reclassification adjustment for net losses realized in net income 4,769  3,319  9,592  4,581 
Income tax (expense) benefit (503) 7,867  (2,192) 3,173 
Other comprehensive (loss) on cash flow hedge derivatives (2,522) (22,961) (18,848) (12,630)
Defined benefit pension and postretirement obligations
Amortization of prior service cost (73) (81) (144) (163)
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss (7) (7) (14) 22 
Income tax benefit (expense) 20  (71) (1,614)
Other comprehensive (loss) on pension and postretirement obligations (60) (159) (1,772) (132)
Total other comprehensive (loss) (9,333) (58,054) (48,117) (18,843)
Comprehensive income $ 106,241  $ 29,100  $ 148,625  $ 171,671 
Numbers may not sum due to rounding.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

7


Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:
ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data) Preferred Equity Common Stock Surplus Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
 (Loss)
Treasury Stock Total
Balance, December 31, 2023 $ 194,112  $ 1,752  $ 1,714,822  $ 2,946,805  $ (171,096) $ (512,421) $ 4,173,973 
Comprehensive income:
Net income —  —  —  81,169  —  —  81,169 
Other comprehensive (loss) —  —  —  —  (38,785) —  (38,785)
Comprehensive income 42,384 
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net —  —  (13,839) —  —  17,749  3,910 
Purchase of treasury stock, open market purchases —  —  —  —  —  (18,289) (18,289)
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans —  —  —  —  —  (4,572) (4,572)
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.22 per share —  —  —  (33,527) —  —  (33,527)
Preferred stock(a)
—  —  —  (2,875) —  —  (2,875)
Stock-based compensation expense, net —  —  7,669  —  —  —  7,669 
Balance, March 31, 2024 $ 194,112  $ 1,752  $ 1,708,652  $ 2,991,571  $ (209,881) $ (517,533) $ 4,168,673 
Comprehensive income:
Net income —  —  —  115,573  —  —  115,573 
Other comprehensive (loss) —  —  —  —  (9,333) —  (9,333)
Comprehensive income 106,241 
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net —  —  (1,704) —  —  2,230  526 
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans —  —  —  —  —  (1,088) (1,088)
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.22 per share —  —  —  (33,507) —  —  (33,507)
Preferred stock(a)
—  —  —  (2,875) —  —  (2,875)
Stock-based compensation expense, net —  —  4,368  —  —  —  4,368 
Balance, June 30, 2024 $ 194,112  $ 1,752  $ 1,711,316  $ 3,070,762  $ (219,214) $ (516,391) $ 4,242,337 
Numbers may not sum due to rounding.
(a) Series E, $0.3671875 per share; and Series F, $0.3515625 per share.
8


ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data) Preferred Equity Common Stock Surplus Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Treasury Stock Total
Balance, December 31, 2022 $ 194,112  $ 1,752  $ 1,712,733  $ 2,904,882  $ (272,799) $ (525,190) $ 4,015,490 
Comprehensive income:
Net income —  —  —  103,360  —  —  103,360 
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  39,211  —  39,211 
Comprehensive income 142,571 
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net —  —  (12,612) —  —  14,379  1,766 
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans —  —  —  —  —  (5,362) (5,362)
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.21 per share —  —  —  (32,013) —  —  (32,013)
Preferred stock(a)
—  —  —  (2,875) —  —  (2,875)
Stock-based compensation expense, net —  —  6,086  —  —  —  6,086 
Balance, March 31, 2023 $ 194,112  $ 1,752  $ 1,706,206  $ 2,973,354  $ (233,588) $ (516,173) $ 4,125,663 
Comprehensive income:
Net income —  —  —  87,154  —  —  87,154 
Other comprehensive (loss) —  —  —  —  (58,054) —  (58,054)
Comprehensive income 29,100 
Common stock issued:
Stock-based compensation plans, net —  —  (1,677) —  —  1,770  93 
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans —  —  —  —  —  (884) (884)
Cash dividends:
Common stock, $0.21 per share —  —  —  (31,996) —  —  (31,996)
Preferred stock(a)
—  —  —  (2,875) —  —  (2,875)
Stock-based compensation expense, net —  —  3,773  —  —  —  3,773 
Balance, June 30, 2023 $ 194,112  $ 1,752  $ 1,708,303  $ 3,025,637  $ (291,642) $ (515,287) $ 4,122,874 
Numbers may not sum due to rounding.
(a) Series E, $0.3671875 per share; and Series F, $0.3515625 per share.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.




9


Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:
ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Six Months Ended Jun 30,
 ($ in thousands)
2024 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income $ 196,742  $ 190,514 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses 47,009  40,071 
Depreciation and amortization 24,519  22,914 
Change in MSRs valuation (2,567) (5,135)
Amortization of other intangible assets 4,405  4,405 
Amortization and accretion on earning assets, funding, and other, net 20,405  16,509 
Net amortization of tax credit investments 17,788  17,227 
(Gains) on sales of investment securities, net (3,857) — 
Asset losses, net 933  35 
Loss on mortgage banking activities, net 882  1,389 
Mortgage loans originated and acquired for sale (274,358) (168,395)
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale 228,732  151,167 
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:
(Increase) in interest receivable (3,537) (14,736)
Increase in interest payable 13,646  44,367 
(Decrease) in expense payable (15,042) (40,882)
Increase (decrease) in net derivative position 10,523  (37,175)
Net change in other assets and other liabilities 1,772  (43,503)
Net cash provided by operating activities 267,996  178,771 
Cash flows from investing activities
Net (increase) in loans (378,926) (1,054,924)
Purchases of:
AFS securities (695,457) (948,326)
HTM securities —  (41,524)
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks and equity securities (99,192) (97,622)
Proceeds from:
Sales of AFS securities 9,472  — 
Sale of FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks and equity securities 139,110  115,975 
Prepayments, calls, and maturities of AFS securities 328,990  172,680 
Prepayments, calls, and maturities of HTM securities 62,894  62,212 
Sales, prepayments, calls, and maturities of other assets 1,700  17,988 
Premises, equipment, and software (20,016) (29,663)
Net change in tax credit and alternative investments (3,667) (14,116)
Net cash (used in) investing activities (655,093) (1,817,320)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net (decrease) increase in deposits (755,009) 2,378,308 
Net increase (decrease) in short-term funding 532,759  (264,684)
Net increase (decrease) in short-term FHLB advances 735,000  (685,000)
Repayment of long-term FHLB advances (696) (537)
Proceeds from long-term FHLB advances 2,656  115 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term funding —  292,740 
(Repayment) of finance lease principal (44) (43)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock for stock-based compensation plans 4,436  1,859 
Purchase of treasury stock, open market purchases (18,289) — 
Purchase of treasury stock, stock-based compensation plans (5,660) (6,246)
Cash dividends on common stock (67,034) (64,009)
Cash dividends on preferred stock (5,750) (5,750)
Net cash provided by financing activities 422,369  1,646,755 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 35,272  8,207 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 923,823  621,455 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period(a)
$ 959,094  $ 629,662 
Numbers may not sum due to rounding.
(a) No restricted cash due to the Federal Reserve reducing the required reserve ratio to zero.
10


ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Six Months Ended Jun 30,
 ($ in thousands)
2024 2023
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest $ 525,006  $ 347,202 
Cash paid for income and franchise taxes 3,413  58,985 
Loans and bank premises transferred to OREO 1,340  3,632 
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights 2,490  1,322 
Loans transferred (from) held for sale (into) portfolio, net (84,559) (840)
Fair value adjustments on hedged long-term FHLB advances and subordinated debt 9,779  9,651 
Fair value adjustments on foreign currency exchange forwards 2,113  (704)
Fair value adjustment on cash flow hedges (18,848) (12,630)

11


Item 1. Financial Statements Continued:
ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and, therefore, certain information and footnote disclosures normally presented in accordance with GAAP have been omitted or abbreviated. The information contained on the consolidated financial statements and footnotes in Associated Banc-Corp's 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K should be referred to in connection with the reading of these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.
Note 1 Basis of Presentation
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of the Corporation and Parent Company for the periods presented, and all such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. The determination of the ACLL is particularly susceptible to significant change. Management has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition or disclosure.
Within the tables presented, certain columns and rows may not sum due to the use of rounded numbers for disclosure purposes.
Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The accounting and reporting policies of the Corporation conform to U.S. GAAP and to general practice within the financial services industry. A discussion of these policies can be found in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
Standard Description Date of adoption Effect on financial statements
ASU 2023-02 Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method The amendments in this update permit reporting entities to elect to account for their tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. A reporting entity may make an accounting policy election to apply the proportional amortization method on a tax-credit-program-by-tax-credit-program basis rather than electing to apply the proportional amortization method at the reporting entity level or to individual investments. The amendments in this update also remove certain guidance for Qualified Affordable Housing Project investments and require the application of the delayed equity contribution guidance to all tax equity investments. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and must be applied on either a modified retrospective or a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period, however if adopted in an interim period the entity shall adopt the amendments in this update as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period. 1st quarter 2024 The Corporation has determined the impact on its results of operation, financial position, liquidity, and disclosures is immaterial.
12


Future Accounting Pronouncements
The expected impact of applicable material accounting pronouncements recently issued or proposed but not yet required to be adopted are discussed in the table below. To the extent that the adoption of new accounting standards materially affects the Corporation's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or disclosures, the impacts are discussed in the applicable sections of this financial review.
Standard Description Date of anticipated adoption Effect on financial statements
ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures The amendments in this update improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses. The amendments in this update also do not change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. Fiscal year 2024 and interim periods beginning in 1st quarter 2025 The Corporation is currently evaluating the impact on its disclosures.
ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures The amendments in this update address investor requests for more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This update also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and are to be applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. Fiscal year 2025 The Corporation is currently evaluating the impact on its disclosures.
Note 3 Earnings Per Common Share
Earnings per common share are calculated utilizing the two-class method. Basic earnings per common share are calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share are calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock awards (outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock awards). Presented below are the calculations for basic and diluted earnings per common share:
  Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
 ($ in thousands, except per share data) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net income $ 115,573  $ 87,154  $ 196,742  $ 190,514 
Preferred stock dividends (2,875) (2,875) (5,750) (5,750)
Net income available to common equity 112,698  84,279  190,992  184,764 
Common shareholder dividends (33,310) (31,802) (66,718) (63,611)
Unvested share-based payment awards (197) (194) (317) (398)
Undistributed earnings $ 79,191  $ 52,283  $ 123,958  $ 120,755 
Undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders $ 78,723  $ 51,965  $ 123,256  $ 120,047 
Undistributed earnings allocated to unvested share-based payment awards 468  318  702  708 
Undistributed earnings $ 79,191  $ 52,283  $ 123,958  $ 120,755 
Basic
Distributed earnings to common shareholders $ 33,310  $ 31,802  $ 66,718  $ 63,611 
Undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders 78,723  51,965  123,256  120,047 
Total common shareholders earnings, basic $ 112,034  $ 83,768  $ 189,974  $ 183,658 
Diluted
Distributed earnings to common shareholders $ 33,310  $ 31,802  $ 66,718  $ 63,611 
Undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders 78,723  51,965  123,256  120,047 
Total common shareholders earnings, diluted $ 112,034  $ 83,768  $ 189,974  $ 183,658 
Weighted average common shares outstanding 149,872  149,986  149,864  149,875 
Effect of dilutive common stock awards 1,416  884  1,446  1,027 
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 151,288  150,870  151,310  150,903 
Basic earnings per common share $ 0.75  $ 0.56  $ 1.27  $ 1.23 
Diluted earnings per common share $ 0.74  $ 0.56  $ 1.26  $ 1.22 
13


Excluded from the earnings per common share calculations were 2 million and 5 million anti-dilutive common stock options for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 2 million and 3 million anti-dilutive common stock options were excluded from the earnings per common share calculations for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Note 4 Stock-Based Compensation
The fair values of stock options and restricted stock awards are amortized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the grants. For colleagues who meet the definition of retirement eligible under the 2017 Incentive Compensation Plan and the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan, expenses related to stock options and restricted stock awards are fully recognized on the date the colleague meets the definition of normal or early retirement. Compensation expense recognized is included in personnel expense on the consolidated statements of income.
A summary of the Corporation’s stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2024 is presented below:
Stock Options
Shares(a)
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
Aggregate Intrinsic Value(a)
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 3,792  $ 21.25  4.26 years $ 5,834 
Exercised 230  17.20 
Forfeited or expired 33  24.64 
Outstanding at June 30, 2024 3,528  $ 21.48  3.81 years $ 4,477 
Options Exercisable at June 30, 2024 3,528  $ 21.48  3.81 years $ 4,477 
(a) In thousands
Intrinsic value represents the amount by which the fair market value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the stock option. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the intrinsic value of stock options exercised was approximately $970,000, compared to approximately $220,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the total fair value of stock options vested was approximately $489,000 compared to approximately $955,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023.
The Corporation also has issued time-based and performance-based restricted stock awards under the 2017 Incentive Compensation Plan and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan. Performance awards are based on performance goals determined by the Compensation and Benefits Committee of the Corporation's Board of Directors, with vesting ranging from a minimum of 0% to a maximum of 150% of the target award. Performance awards are valued utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate fair value of the awards at the grant date.
The following table summarizes information about the Corporation’s restricted stock awards activity for the six months ended June 30, 2024:
Restricted Stock
Shares(a)
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 2,349  $ 21.20 
Granted 814  20.89 
Vested 732  23.98 
Forfeited 23  22.13 
Outstanding at June 30, 2024 2,408  $ 21.28 
(a) In thousands
The Corporation amortizes the expense related to restricted stock awards as compensation expense over the vesting period specified in the grant's award agreement. Performance-based restricted stock awards granted during 2023 and 2024 will cliff-vest after the three year performance period has ended. Service-based restricted stock awards granted during 2023 and 2024 will generally vest ratably over a period of four years. Expense for restricted stock awards of $12 million was recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $10 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Included in compensation expense for the first six months of 2024 was $4 million of expense for the accelerated vesting of restricted stock awards granted to retirement eligible colleagues. The Corporation had $25 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock awards at June 30, 2024 that are expected to be recognized over the remaining requisite service periods that extend predominately through the first quarter of 2028.
The Corporation has the ability to issue shares from treasury or new shares upon the exercise of stock options or the granting of restricted stock awards. The Board of Directors has authorized management to repurchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock, to be made available for issuance in connection with the Corporation’s employee incentive plans and for other corporate purposes. The repurchase of shares, if any, will be based on market and investment opportunities, capital levels, growth prospects, and regulatory constraints. Such repurchases may occur from time to time in open market purchases, block transactions, private transactions, accelerated share repurchase programs, or similar facilities.
14


Note 5 Investment Securities
Investment securities are designated as AFS, HTM, or equity on the consolidated balance sheets. The amortized cost and fair values of AFS and HTM securities at June 30, 2024 were as follows:
($ in thousands) Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair Value
AFS investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities $ 39,986  $ —  $ (4,349) $ 35,638 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 82,876  —  (4,369) 78,507 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 1,224,824  172  (160,678) 1,064,318 
GNMA 2,450,628  3,725  (13,545) 2,440,808 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 18,513  —  (1,230) 17,283 
GNMA 158,257  —  (8,458) 149,799 
Asset backed securities:
FFELP 123,720  43  (998) 122,765 
SBA 667  —  (27) 640 
Other debt securities 3,000  —  (27) 2,973 
Total AFS investment securities $ 4,102,470  $ 3,941  $ (193,681) $ 3,912,730 
HTM investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities $ 1,000  $ —  $ (22) $ 978 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 1,668,494  1,411  (172,235) 1,497,670 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 916,966  25,024  (188,333) 753,657 
GNMA 46,392  11  (3,866) 42,536 
Private-label 335,148  8,955  (70,211) 273,892 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 776,717  11,429  (157,363) 630,783 
GNMA 54,403  289  (7,256) 47,436 
Total HTM investment securities $ 3,799,119  $ 47,119  $ (599,286) $ 3,246,952 


15


The amortized cost and fair values of AFS and HTM securities at December 31, 2023 were as follows:
($ in thousands) Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair Value
AFS investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities $ 39,984  $ —  $ (4,083) $ 35,902 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 94,008  23  (2,214) 91,817 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 1,274,052  294  (153,552) 1,120,794 
GNMA 2,021,242  24,254  (2,822) 2,042,675 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 18,691  —  (1,755) 16,937 
GNMA 161,928  —  (7,135) 154,793 
Asset backed securities:
FFELP 135,832  (1,862) 133,975 
SBA 1,077  (28) 1,051 
Other debt securities 3,000  —  (50) 2,950 
Total AFS investment securities $ 3,749,814  $ 24,579  $ (173,501) $ 3,600,892 
HTM investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities $ 999  $ —  $ (36) $ 963 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 1,682,473  5,638  (134,053) 1,554,059 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 941,973  27,007  (164,587) 804,393 
GNMA 48,979  92  (2,901) 46,170 
Private-label 345,083  9,796  (65,372) 289,507 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 780,995  12,699  (160,781) 632,914 
GNMA 59,733  386  (7,500) 52,619 
 Total HTM investment securities $ 3,860,235  $ 55,619  $ (535,230) $ 3,380,624 
Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The expected maturities of AFS and HTM securities at June 30, 2024, are shown below:
  AFS HTM
($ in thousands) Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Due in one year or less $ 2,000  $ 1,983  $ 6,288  $ 6,240 
Due after one year through five years 51,062  45,997  61,651  60,374 
Due after five years through ten years 45,931  42,937  175,169  166,153 
Due after ten years 26,868  26,201  1,426,386  1,265,882 
Total debt securities 125,862  117,118  1,669,494  1,498,648 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 1,224,824  1,064,318  916,966  753,657 
GNMA 2,450,628  2,440,808  46,392  42,536 
Private-label —  —  335,148  273,892 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 18,513  17,283  776,717  630,783 
GNMA 158,257  149,799  54,403  47,436 
Asset backed securities:
FFELP 123,720  122,765  —  — 
SBA 667  640  —  — 
Total investment securities $ 4,102,470  $ 3,912,730  $ 3,799,119  $ 3,246,952 
Ratio of fair value to amortized cost 95.4  % 85.5  %
16


On a quarterly basis, the Corporation refreshes the credit quality of each HTM security. The following table summarizes the credit quality indicators of HTM securities at amortized cost at June 30, 2024:
($ in thousands) AAA AA A Not Rated Total
U.S. Treasury securities $ 1,000  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 1,000 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 766,531  894,406  5,494  2,063  1,668,494 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 916,966  —  —  —  916,966 
GNMA 46,392  —  —  —  46,392 
Private-label 335,148  —  —  —  335,148 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 776,717  —  —  —  776,717 
GNMA 54,403  —  —  —  54,403 
Total HTM securities $ 2,897,156  $ 894,406  $ 5,494  $ 2,063  $ 3,799,119 
The following table summarizes the credit quality indicators of HTM securities at amortized cost at December 31, 2023:
($ in thousands) AAA AA A Not Rated Total
U.S. Treasury securities $ 999  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 999 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 760,329  915,303  5,687  1,155  1,682,473 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 941,973  —  —  —  941,973 
GNMA 48,979  —  —  —  48,979 
Private-label 345,083  —  —  —  345,083 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 780,995  —  —  —  780,995 
GNMA 59,733  —  —  —  59,733 
Total HTM securities $ 2,938,090  $ 915,303  $ 5,687  $ 1,155  $ 3,860,235 
The following table summarizes gross realized gains and losses on AFS securities, the gain on sale and net write-up of equity securities, and proceeds from the sale of AFS investment securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Gross realized (losses) on AFS securities $ —  $ —  $ (197) $ — 
Gain on sale and net write-up (down) of equity securities 67  14  4,143  66 
Investment securities gains, net $ 67  $ 14  $ 3,947  $ 66 
Proceeds from sales of AFS investment securities $ —  $ —  $ 9,472  $ — 
During the first quarter of 2024, the Corporation sold its remaining Visa Class B restricted shares at a gain of $4 million.
Investment securities with a carrying value of $1.3 billion and $1.6 billion at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, were pledged as required to secure certain deposits or for other purposes.
Accrued interest receivable on HTM securities totaled $18 million at both June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Accrued interest receivable on AFS securities totaled $16 million and $15 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on both HTM and AFS securities is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets.
The allowance for credit losses on HTM securities was approximately $84,000 at June 30, 2024 and approximately $75,000 at December 31, 2023, attributable entirely to the Corporation's municipal securities, included in HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation also holds U.S. Treasury, municipal, and mortgage-related securities issued by the U.S. government or a GSE which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and private-label residential mortgage-related securities that have credit enhancement which covers the first 15% of losses and, as a result, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded related to these securities.

17


The following represents gross unrealized losses and the related fair value of AFS and HTM securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at June 30, 2024:
  Less than 12 months 12 months or more Total
($ in thousands) Number
of
Securities
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair
Value
Number
of
Securities
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair
Value
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair
Value
AFS investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities —  $ —  $ —  $ (4,349) $ 35,638  $ (4,349) $ 35,638 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 25  (383) 11,594  112  (3,986) 65,278  (4,369) 76,872 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 17  (373) 25,524  87  (160,306) 1,025,295  (160,678) 1,050,819 
GNMA 75  (8,837) 1,396,637  18  (4,709) 167,297  (13,545) 1,563,934 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC —  —  —  (1,230) 17,283  (1,230) 17,283 
GNMA —  —  —  31  (8,458) 149,799  (8,458) 149,799 
Asset backed securities:
FFELP (72) 38,384  12  (925) 71,409  (998) 109,792 
SBA —  —  —  (27) 612  (27) 612 
Other debt securities —  —  —  (27) 2,973  (27) 2,973 
Total 119  $ (9,664) $ 1,472,139  270  $ (184,017) $ 1,535,583  $ (193,681) $ 3,007,721 
HTM investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities —  $ —  $ —  $ (22) $ 978  $ (22) $ 978 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 360  (8,558) 443,724  688  (163,676) 929,232  (172,235) 1,372,956 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC (52) 2,581  114  (188,281) 750,852  (188,333) 753,432 
GNMA (138) 8,508  80  (3,729) 34,028  (3,866) 42,536 
Private-label —  —  —  18  (70,211) 273,892  (70,211) 273,892 
 Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC —  —  —  45  (157,363) 630,783  (157,363) 630,783 
GNMA —  —  —  13  (7,256) 47,436  (7,256) 47,436 
Total 371  $ (8,747) $ 454,813  959  $ (590,538) $ 2,667,200  $ (599,286) $ 3,122,012 
18


For comparative purposes, the following represents gross unrealized losses and the related fair value of AFS and HTM securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2023:
  Less than 12 months 12 months or more Total
($ in thousands) Number
of
Securities
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair
Value
Number
of
Securities
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair
Value
Unrealized
(Losses)
Fair
Value
AFS investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities —  $ —  $ —  $ (4,083) $ 35,902  $ (4,083) $ 35,902 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 41  (347) 23,762  92  (1,867) 53,022  (2,214) 76,784 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 18  (333) 22,870  71  (153,219) 1,080,337  (153,552) 1,103,207 
GNMA 13  (924) 156,847  (1,898) 26,643  (2,822) 183,490 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC —  —  —  (1,755) 16,937  (1,755) 16,937 
GNMA (3,160) 103,055  22  (3,975) 51,738  (7,135) 154,793 
Asset backed securities:
FFELP —  —  —  14  (1,862) 125,339  (1,862) 125,339 
SBA —  —  —  (28) 761  (28) 761 
Other debt securities (9) 991  (42) 1,958  (50) 2,950 
Total 82  $ (4,773) $ 307,527  213  $ (168,728) $ 1,392,635  $ (173,501) $ 1,700,162 
HTM investment securities
U.S. Treasury securities —  $ —  $ —  $ (36) $ 963  $ (36) $ 963 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 182  (1,535) 180,270  537  (132,518) 792,940  (134,053) 973,210 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC 20  (511) 30,323  94  (164,076) 771,042  (164,587) 801,365 
GNMA (17) 2,128  78  (2,884) 34,626  (2,901) 36,754 
Private-label —  —  —  18  (65,372) 289,507  (65,372) 289,507 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA/FHLMC (121) 8,144  44  (160,660) 624,770  (160,781) 632,914 
GNMA —  —  —  13  (7,500) 52,619  (7,500) 52,619 
Total 205  $ (2,184) $ 220,865  785  $ (533,046) $ 2,566,468  $ (535,230) $ 2,787,333 
The Corporation reviews the AFS investment securities portfolio on a quarterly basis to monitor its credit exposure. A determination as to whether a security’s decline in fair value is the result of credit risk takes into consideration numerous factors and the relative significance of any single factor can vary by security. Some factors the Corporation may consider in this impairment analysis include the extent to which the security has been in an unrealized loss position, the change in security rating, financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, as well as the security and industry specific economic conditions.
Based on the Corporation’s evaluation, management does not believe any unrealized losses at June 30, 2024 represent credit deterioration as these unrealized losses are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and the current market conditions. As of June 30, 2024, the Corporation does not intend to sell, nor does it believe that it will be required to sell, the securities in an unrealized loss position before recovery of their amortized cost basis.
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks: The Corporation is required to maintain Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock as a member bank of both the Federal Reserve System and the FHLB, and in amounts as required by these institutions. These equity securities are “restricted” in that they can only be sold back to the respective institutions or another member institution at par. Therefore, they are less liquid than other marketable equity securities and their fair value is equal to amortized cost. The Corporation had FHLB stock of $124 million and $143 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Corporation had Federal Reserve Bank stock of $88 million and $87 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on FHLB stock totaled $3 million and $4 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. There was no accrued interest receivable on Federal Reserve Bank Stock at both June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Accrued interest receivable on both FHLB stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets.
19


Equity Securities
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values: The Corporation's portfolio of equity securities with readily determinable fair values is primarily comprised of mutual funds. The Corporation had equity securities with readily determinable fair values of $10 million and $7 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values: The Corporation's portfolio of equity securities without readily determinable fair values primarily consists of an investment in a private loan fund. The Corporation had equity securities without readily determinable fair values carried at $13 million and $35 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. During the first quarter of 2024, the Corporation sold all of its remaining Visa Class B restricted shares.
Note 6 Loans
The period end loan composition was as follows:
($ in thousands) Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Commercial and industrial $ 9,970,412  $ 9,731,555 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 1,102,146  1,061,700 
Commercial and business lending 11,072,558  10,793,255 
Commercial real estate — investor 5,001,392  5,124,245 
Real estate construction 2,255,637  2,271,398 
Commercial real estate lending 7,257,029  7,395,644 
Total commercial 18,329,587  18,188,898 
Residential mortgage 7,840,073  7,864,891 
Auto finance 2,556,009  2,256,162 
Home equity 634,142  628,526 
Other consumer 258,460  277,740 
Total consumer 11,288,684  11,027,319 
Total loans $ 29,618,271  $ 29,216,218 
Accrued interest receivable on loans totaled $136 million at June 30, 2024, and $132 million at December 31, 2023, and is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets. Interest accrued but not received is reversed against interest income when a loan is placed on nonaccrual. The amount of accrued interest reversed was $1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $1 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

20


The following table presents loans by credit quality indicator by origination year at June 30, 2024:
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in thousands)
Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)
Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis YTD 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Total
Commercial and industrial:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 894  $ 1,892,814  $ 945,926  $ 1,686,429  $ 2,640,605  $ 1,440,357  $ 327,541  $ 669,712  $ 9,603,384 
Special mention 15  33,301  200  10,597  3,565  26,148  —  —  73,811 
Substandard 4,450  33,557  58,653  17,654  74,835  70,837  15,389  1,101  272,027 
Nonaccrual 550  —  628  4,291  13,591  2,680  —  —  21,190 
Commercial and industrial $ 5,910  $ 1,959,672  $ 1,005,407  $ 1,718,971  $ 2,732,596  $ 1,540,022  $ 342,931  $ 670,813  $ 9,970,412 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 10,090  $ 94,971  $ 195,479  $ 180,063  $ 230,991  $ 129,599  $ 207,113  $ 1,048,306 
Substandard —  1,082  11,518  18,592  2,332  4,456  6,136  7,874  51,989 
Nonaccrual —  —  291  1,559  —  —  —  —  1,851 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied $ —  $ 11,172  $ 106,780  $ 215,630  $ 182,396  $ 235,446  $ 135,735  $ 214,987  $ 1,102,146 
Commercial and business lending:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 894  $ 1,902,904  $ 1,040,896  $ 1,881,908  $ 2,820,669  $ 1,671,348  $ 457,140  $ 876,825  $ 10,651,690 
Special mention 15  33,301  200  10,597  3,565  26,148  —  —  73,811 
Substandard 4,450  34,639  70,171  36,246  77,167  75,293  21,526  8,974  324,016 
Nonaccrual 550  —  919  5,850  13,591  2,680  —  —  23,041 
Commercial and business lending $ 5,910  $ 1,970,844  $ 1,112,187  $ 1,934,601  $ 2,914,992  $ 1,775,468  $ 478,666  $ 885,799  $ 11,072,558 
Commercial real estate - investor:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 127,015  $ 640,800  $ 1,015,192  $ 1,267,257  $ 838,190  $ 384,729  $ 479,713  $ 4,752,897 
Special mention —  327  —  —  2,480  4,790  —  4,721  12,318 
Substandard —  —  40,381  76,079  36,228  23,571  —  11,669  187,928 
Nonaccrual —  —  18,374  24,115  —  5,760  —  —  48,249 
Commercial real estate - investor $ —  $ 127,342  $ 699,555  $ 1,115,386  $ 1,305,965  $ 872,312  $ 384,729  $ 496,103  $ 5,001,392 
Real estate construction:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 23,785  $ 113,941  $ 453,799  $ 1,121,881  $ 463,239  $ 26,048  $ 11,480  $ 2,214,172 
Special mention —  —  —  —  27,953  —  —  —  27,953 
Substandard —  —  —  —  13,495  —  —  —  13,495 
Nonaccrual —  —  —  —  —  —  —  16  16 
Real estate construction $ —  $ 23,785  $ 113,941  $ 453,799  $ 1,163,329  $ 463,239  $ 26,048  $ 11,496  $ 2,255,637 
Commercial real estate lending:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 150,800  $ 754,741  $ 1,468,991  $ 2,389,137  $ 1,301,429  $ 410,777  $ 491,193  $ 6,967,069 
Special mention —  327  —  —  30,433  4,790  —  4,721  40,271 
Substandard —  —  40,381  76,079  49,724  23,571  —  11,669  201,424 
Nonaccrual —  —  18,374  24,115  —  5,760  —  16  48,265 
Commercial real estate lending $ —  $ 151,127  $ 813,496  $ 1,569,185  $ 2,469,294  $ 1,335,551  $ 410,777  $ 507,599  $ 7,257,029 
Total commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 894  $ 2,053,704  $ 1,795,638  $ 3,350,899  $ 5,209,806  $ 2,972,777  $ 867,918  $ 1,368,018  $ 17,618,759 
Special mention 15  33,628  200  10,597  33,999  30,938  —  4,721  114,082 
Substandard 4,450  34,639  110,552  112,324  126,891  98,864  21,526  20,643  525,439 
Nonaccrual 550  —  19,293  29,966  13,591  8,440  —  16  71,306 
Total commercial $ 5,910  $ 2,121,971  $ 1,925,683  $ 3,503,786  $ 5,384,286  $ 3,111,019  $ 889,443  $ 1,393,398  $ 18,329,587 
21


Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in thousands)
Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)
Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis YTD 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Total
Residential mortgage:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ —  $ 59,996  $ 442,905  $ 1,665,096  $ 2,058,192  $ 1,366,320  $ 2,178,474  $ 7,770,983 
Special mention —  —  —  —  —  —  —  287  287 
Substandard —  —  —  458  92  —  —  196  745 
Nonaccrual —  —  982  1,621  10,987  9,853  8,214  36,402  68,058 
Residential mortgage $ —  $ —  $ 60,978  $ 444,983  $ 1,676,175  $ 2,068,045  $ 1,374,533  $ 2,215,359  $ 7,840,073 
Auto finance:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ —  $ 650,646  $ 1,035,480  $ 798,751  $ 61,750  $ 114  $ 225  $ 2,546,966 
Special mention —  —  101  674  1,072  170  —  —  2,018 
Substandard —  —  —  36  —  —  —  39 
Nonaccrual —  —  82  1,767  4,617  519  —  —  6,986 
Auto finance $ —  $ —  $ 650,830  $ 1,037,958  $ 804,442  $ 62,440  $ 114  $ 225  $ 2,556,009 
Home equity:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 5,512  $ 532,317  $ 261  $ 1,660  $ 28,051  $ 5,925  $ 2,051  $ 54,824  $ 625,089 
Special mention 246  226  —  59  37  75  18  603  1,018 
Substandard —  —  —  —  —  —  32  40 
Nonaccrual 698  161  30  10  576  174  219  6,827  7,996 
Home equity $ 6,456  $ 532,704  $ 291  $ 1,737  $ 28,664  $ 6,174  $ 2,288  $ 62,285  $ 634,142 
Other consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 72  $ 186,582  $ 6,751  $ 4,511  $ 2,586  $ 1,254  $ 679  $ 53,504  $ 255,867 
Special mention 726  —  —  11  14  757 
Substandard —  1,759  —  —  —  —  —  —  1,759 
Nonaccrual 49  —  —  77 
Other consumer $ 81  $ 189,115  $ 6,751  $ 4,519  $ 2,605  $ 1,272  $ 681  $ 53,518  $ 258,460 
Total consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 5,584  $ 718,898  $ 717,655  $ 1,484,555  $ 2,494,485  $ 2,127,121  $ 1,369,163  $ 2,287,027  $ 11,198,905 
Special mention 250  952  101  734  1,120  259  20  893  4,080 
Substandard —  1,759  —  502  94  —  —  228  2,583 
Nonaccrual 704  209  1,094  3,406  16,186  10,550  8,433  43,238  83,117 
Total consumer $ 6,537  $ 721,819  $ 718,850  $ 1,489,197  $ 2,511,886  $ 2,137,930  $ 1,377,616  $ 2,331,386  $ 11,288,684 
Total loans:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 6,478  $ 2,772,602  $ 2,513,293  $ 4,835,454  $ 7,704,291  $ 5,099,898  $ 2,237,081  $ 3,655,045  $ 28,817,664 
Special mention 265  34,580  301  11,331  35,119  31,197  20  5,614  118,162 
Substandard 4,450  36,398  110,552  112,826  126,985  98,864  21,526  20,871  528,022 
Nonaccrual 1,254  209  20,387  33,372  29,777  18,990  8,433  43,255  154,423 
Total loans $ 12,447  $ 2,843,790  $ 2,644,533  $ 4,992,983  $ 7,896,172  $ 5,248,950  $ 2,267,059  $ 3,724,785  $ 29,618,271 
(a) Revolving loans converted to term loans are those converted during the reporting period and are also reported in their year of origination.


22


The following table presents loans by credit quality indicator by origination year at December 31, 2023:
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in thousands)
Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)
Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total
Commercial and industrial:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 1,380  $ 1,693,249  $ 1,736,617  $ 2,877,173  $ 1,824,362  $ 398,046  $ 383,695  $ 449,006  $ 9,362,149 
Special mention —  21,779  4,017  46,610  8,525  3,529  —  25,341  109,801 
Substandard 804  81,924  10,515  39,748  47,279  17,732  94  291  197,582 
Nonaccrual 6,414  —  13,317  14,188  33,891  627  —  —  62,022 
Commercial and industrial $ 8,598  $ 1,796,951  $ 1,764,466  $ 2,977,719  $ 1,914,057  $ 419,934  $ 383,789  $ 474,638  $ 9,731,555 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 15,393  $ 204,039  $ 188,003  $ 239,218  $ 136,535  $ 135,730  $ 92,339  $ 1,011,259 
Special mention —  271  —  —  6,150  2,635  —  1,293  10,349 
Substandard —  292  14,735  2,791  6,416  8,537  3,086  2,841  38,699 
Nonaccrual —  —  1,394  —  —  —  —  —  1,394 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied $ —  $ 15,957  $ 220,168  $ 190,794  $ 251,783  $ 147,708  $ 138,816  $ 96,473  $ 1,061,700 
Commercial and business lending:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 1,380  $ 1,708,642  $ 1,940,657  $ 3,065,177  $ 2,063,580  $ 534,581  $ 519,426  $ 541,345  $ 10,373,408 
Special mention —  22,050  4,017  46,610  14,675  6,164  —  26,634  120,150 
Substandard 804  82,216  25,250  42,539  53,695  26,269  3,180  3,132  236,281 
Nonaccrual 6,414  —  14,710  14,188  33,891  627  —  —  63,416 
Commercial and business lending $ 8,598  $ 1,812,909  $ 1,984,635  $ 3,168,514  $ 2,165,840  $ 567,642  $ 522,606  $ 571,111  $ 10,793,255 
Commercial real estate - investor:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 155,109  $ 1,263,866  $ 1,247,434  $ 1,080,425  $ 471,371  $ 358,996  $ 239,230  $ 4,816,433 
Special mention —  502  4,248  25,474  26,208  —  29,772  6,014  92,218 
Substandard —  —  106,002  69,584  15,000  983  —  24,025  215,595 
Commercial real estate - investor $ —  $ 155,611  $ 1,374,116  $ 1,342,492  $ 1,121,633  $ 472,355  $ 388,768  $ 269,269  $ 5,124,245 
Real estate construction:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 23,307  $ 422,277  $ 1,176,608  $ 547,825  $ 87,680  $ 5,740  $ 7,954  $ 2,271,392 
Nonaccrual —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Real estate construction $ —  $ 23,307  $ 422,277  $ 1,176,608  $ 547,825  $ 87,680  $ 5,740  $ 7,960  $ 2,271,398 
Commercial real estate lending:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ 178,416  $ 1,686,143  $ 2,424,042  $ 1,628,250  $ 559,052  $ 364,737  $ 247,184  $ 7,087,824 
Special mention —  502  4,248  25,474  26,208  —  29,772  6,014  92,218 
Substandard —  —  106,002  69,584  15,000  983  —  24,025  215,595 
Nonaccrual —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Commercial real estate lending $ —  $ 178,918  $ 1,796,393  $ 2,519,100  $ 1,669,458  $ 560,035  $ 394,508  $ 277,230  $ 7,395,644 
23


Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in thousands)
Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)
Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total
Total commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 1,380  $ 1,887,058  $ 3,626,800  $ 5,489,219  $ 3,691,830  $ 1,093,633  $ 884,162  $ 788,529  $ 17,461,232 
Special mention —  22,552  8,265  72,084  40,882  6,164  29,772  32,648  212,368 
Substandard 804  82,216  131,253  112,123  68,695  27,253  3,180  27,157  451,876 
Nonaccrual 6,414  —  14,710  14,188  33,891  627  —  63,422 
Total commercial $ 8,598  $ 1,991,827  $ 3,781,028  $ 5,687,614  $ 3,835,298  $ 1,127,677  $ 917,114  $ 848,341  $ 18,188,898 
Residential mortgage:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ —  $ 352,321  $ 1,617,409  $ 2,110,577  $ 1,414,186  $ 647,778  $ 1,650,542  $ 7,792,813 
Special mention —  —  —  —  —  —  95  57  152 
Substandard —  —  490  93  —  —  174  26  784 
Nonaccrual —  —  1,425  9,567  9,259  10,397  6,628  33,865  71,142 
Residential mortgage $ —  $ —  $ 354,236  $ 1,627,070  $ 2,119,836  $ 1,424,583  $ 654,675  $ 1,684,490  $ 7,864,891 
Auto finance:
Risk rating:
Pass $ —  $ —  $ 1,218,820  $ 952,839  $ 75,209  $ 163  $ 456  $ 132  $ 2,247,618 
Special mention —  —  619  1,850  205  —  —  —  2,674 
Substandard —  —  —  73  —  —  —  —  73 
Nonaccrual —  —  1,032  4,332  430  —  —  5,797 
Auto finance $ —  $ —  $ 1,220,471  $ 959,094  $ 75,844  $ 163  $ 458  $ 132  $ 2,256,162 
Home equity:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 8,703  $ 521,000  $ 1,678  $ 29,863  $ 6,084  $ 2,327  $ 4,891  $ 53,350  $ 619,192 
Special mention 179  200  —  87  —  29  15  378  708 
Substandard 10  75  10  —  —  —  33  —  118 
Nonaccrual 1,302  160  29  495  132  144  368  7,180  8,508 
Home equity $ 10,195  $ 521,434  $ 1,717  $ 30,445  $ 6,217  $ 2,500  $ 5,308  $ 60,907  $ 628,526 
Other consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 121  $ 196,632  $ 6,419  $ 3,732  $ 2,658  $ 1,127  $ 460  $ 64,121  $ 275,149 
Special mention 26  843  —  20  —  881 
Substandard —  1,582  —  —  —  —  —  —  1,582 
Nonaccrual 27  71  10  29  128 
Other consumer $ 174  $ 199,129  $ 6,438  $ 3,733  $ 2,668  $ 1,149  $ 468  $ 64,156  $ 277,740 
Total consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 8,824  $ 717,632  $ 1,579,238  $ 2,603,843  $ 2,194,529  $ 1,417,802  $ 653,584  $ 1,768,145  $ 10,934,773 
Special mention 205  1,043  628  1,936  208  49  110  441  4,416 
Substandard 10  1,656  500  166  —  —  207  26  2,556 
Nonaccrual 1,330  231  2,496  14,396  9,827  10,544  7,007  41,073  85,574 
Total consumer $ 10,369  $ 720,563  $ 1,582,862  $ 2,620,341  $ 2,204,564  $ 1,428,395  $ 660,909  $ 1,809,685  $ 11,027,319 
Total loans:
Risk rating:
Pass $ 10,204  $ 2,604,690  $ 5,206,038  $ 8,093,062  $ 5,886,359  $ 2,511,435  $ 1,537,747  $ 2,556,674  $ 28,396,005 
Special mention 205  23,595  8,893  74,020  41,091  6,213  29,882  33,089  216,784 
Substandard 814  83,872  131,753  112,289  68,695  27,253  3,387  27,183  454,432 
Nonaccrual 7,744  231  17,206  28,584  43,718  11,170  7,007  41,080  148,997 
Total loans $ 18,966  $ 2,712,389  $ 5,363,890  $ 8,307,956  $ 6,039,862  $ 2,556,071  $ 1,578,023  $ 2,658,026  $ 29,216,218 
(a) Revolving loans converted to term loans are those converted during the reporting period and are also reported in their year of origination.

24


The following table presents gross charge offs by origination year for the six months ended June 30, 2024:
Gross Charge Offs by Origination Year
($ in thousands) Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Total
Commercial and industrial $ 1,930  $ 128  $ 8,172  $ 553  $ 22,921  $ $ —  $ 33,708 
Commercial real estate-owner occupied —  —  —  —  —  — 
Commercial and business lending 1,930  128  8,172  553  22,921  33,710 
Commercial real estate-investor —  —  —  —  4,569  —  —  4,569 
Commercial real estate lending —  —  —  —  4,569  —  —  4,569 
Total commercial 1,930  128  8,172  553  27,490  38,279 
Residential mortgage —  —  58  60  32  267  423 
Auto finance —  53  1,549  3,100  294  —  —  4,996 
Home equity 93  —  —  —  37  147 
Other consumer 3,281  41  44  28  38  29  3,463 
Total consumer 3,374  56  1,648  3,213  329  78  332  9,029 
Total gross charge offs $ 5,304  $ 184  $ 9,820  $ 3,766  $ 27,819  $ 81  $ 335  $ 47,308 
The following table presents gross charge offs by origination year for the year ended December 31, 2023:
Gross Charge Offs by Origination Year
($ in thousands) Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total
Commercial and industrial $ 4,130  $ 717  $ 9,594  $ 25,270  $ 5,958  $ —  $ 18  $ 45,687 
Commercial real estate-owner occupied —  —  —  —  —  25  —  25 
Commercial and business lending 4,130  717  9,594  25,270  5,958  25  18  45,713 
Commercial real estate-investor —  —  —  —  —  —  252  252 
Real estate construction —  —  —  —  —  —  25  25 
Commercial real estate lending —  —  —  —  —  —  277  277 
Total commercial 4,130  717  9,594  25,270  5,958  25  295  45,989 
Residential mortgage —  32  42  148  723  952 
Auto finance —  795  4,524  626  —  —  5,950 
Home equity 53  21  31  —  22  294  424 
Other consumer 4,884  —  72  124  131  72  170  5,453 
Total consumer 4,937  818  4,630  823  279  105  1,187  12,779 
Total gross charge offs $ 9,068  $ 1,535  $ 14,224  $ 26,093  $ 6,237  $ 130  $ 1,482  $ 58,768 
Factors that are important to managing overall credit quality are sound loan underwriting and administration, systematic monitoring of existing loans and commitments, effective loan review on an ongoing basis, early identification of potential problems, and appropriate policies for ACLL, nonaccrual loans, and charge offs.
For commercial loans, management has determined the pass credit quality indicator to include credits exhibiting acceptable financial statements, cash flow, and leverage. If any risk exists, it is mitigated by the loan structure, collateral, monitoring, or control. For consumer loans, performing loans include credits performing in accordance with the original contractual terms.
Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Special mention credits have potential weaknesses that warrant specific attention from management. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit. Accruing loan modifications could be pass or special mention, depending on the risk rating on the loan. Substandard loans are considered inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged. These loans generally have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, which may jeopardize liquidation of the debt, and are characterized by the distinct possibility the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Management has determined commercial loan relationships in nonaccrual status, and commercial and consumer loan relationships with their terms restructured in a loan modification, meet the criteria to be individually evaluated. Commercial loans classified as special mention, substandard, and nonaccrual are reviewed at a minimum on a quarterly basis, while pass credits, which are performing rated credits, are generally reviewed on an annual basis or more frequently if the loan renewal is less than one year or if otherwise warranted.
25


The recorded investment of consumer loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $20 million at June 30, 2024 and $16 million at December 31, 2023.
The following table presents loans by past due status at June 30, 2024:
Accruing
($ in thousands) Current 30-59 Days
Past Due
60-89 Days
Past Due
90+ Days
Past Due
Nonaccrual(a)(b)
Total
Commercial and industrial $ 9,946,786  $ 1,830  $ 222  $ 384  $ 21,190  $ 9,970,412 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied 1,100,295  —  —  —  1,851  1,102,146 
Commercial and business lending 11,047,081  1,830  222  384  23,041  11,072,558 
Commercial real estate - investor 4,952,120  1,023  —  —  48,249  5,001,392 
Real estate construction 2,255,621  —  —  —  16  2,255,637 
Commercial real estate lending 7,207,741  1,023  —  —  48,265  7,257,029 
Total commercial 18,254,821  2,853  222  384  71,306  18,329,587 
Residential mortgage 7,761,641  10,087  287  —  68,058  7,840,073 
Auto finance 2,533,170  13,796  2,018  39  6,986  2,556,009 
Home equity 622,452  2,677  1,018  —  7,996  634,142 
Other consumer 254,457  1,175  820  1,931  77  258,460 
Total consumer 11,171,720  27,735  4,143  1,970  83,117  11,288,684 
Total loans $ 29,426,541  $ 30,587  $ 4,365  $ 2,354  $ 154,423  $ 29,618,271 
(a) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $63 million, or 41%, were current with respect to payment at June 30, 2024.
(b) No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. In addition, there were $13 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no related ACLL at June 30, 2024.

The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2023:
Accruing
($ in thousands) Current 30-59 Days
Past Due
60-89 Days
Past Due
90+ Days 
Past Due
Nonaccrual(a)(b)
Total
Commercial and industrial $ 9,663,587  $ 5,374  $ 191  $ 380  $ 62,022  $ 9,731,555 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied 1,059,948  —  358  —  1,394  1,061,700 
Commercial and business lending 10,723,536  5,374  549  380  63,416  10,793,255 
Commercial real estate - investor 5,086,117  —  18,697  19,432  —  5,124,245 
Real estate construction 2,271,392  —  —  —  2,271,398 
Commercial real estate lending 7,357,509  —  18,697  19,432  7,395,644 
Total commercial 18,081,044  5,374  19,246  19,812  63,422  18,188,898 
Residential mortgage 7,780,304  13,294  152  —  71,142  7,864,891 
Auto finance 2,232,906  14,712  2,674  73  5,797  2,256,162 
Home equity 615,810  3,500  708  —  8,508  628,526 
Other consumer 273,644  1,233  932  1,803  128  277,740 
Total consumer 10,902,664  32,739  4,467  1,876  85,574  11,027,319 
Total loans $ 28,983,708  $ 38,113  $ 23,712  $ 21,689  $ 148,997  $ 29,216,218 
(a) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $80 million, or 53%, were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2023.
(b) No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the year ended December 31, 2023. In addition, there were $23 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no related ACLL at December 31, 2023.

Loan Modifications
The following tables show the composition of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by the loan portfolio and type of concessions granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023. Each of the types of concessions granted comprised less than 1% of their respective classes of loan portfolios at June 30, 2024.
Interest Rate Concession
Amortized Cost
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Commercial and industrial $ 161  $ 122  $ 298  $ 168 
Auto 139  21  144  80 
Home equity —  47  —  78 
Other consumer 631  489  1,110  988 
Total loans modified $ 930  $ 679  $ 1,552  $ 1,314 
26


Term Extension
Amortized Cost
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Residential mortgage $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 208 
Home equity —  27  —  27 
Total loans modified $ —  $ 27  $ —  $ 235 
Combination - Interest Rate Concession and Term Extension
Amortized Cost
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Residential mortgage $ —  $ 356  $ 641  $ 519 
Home equity —  77  30  168 
Total loans modified $ —  $ 432  $ 670  $ 687 
The following tables summarize, by loan portfolio, the financial effect of the Corporation's loan modifications on the modified loans as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023:
Interest Rate Concession
Financial Effect, Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate (Decrease) Increase(a)
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
Loan Type 2024 2023 2024 2023
Commercial and industrial (19) % (18) % (17) % (17) %
Residential mortgage —  % % % %
Auto (8) % (9) % (8) % (4) %
Home equity —  % % (3) % —  %
Other consumer (22) % (21) % (22) % (20) %
Weighted average of total loans modified (18) % (11) % (13) % (11) %
(a) Due to market conditions, some interest rate concessions on floating rate loans may involve an increase in rate that was lower in comparison to the rate of increase for floating rate loans not modified.
Term Extension
Financial Effect, Weighted Average Term Increase(a)
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
Loan Type 2024 2023 2024 2023
Residential mortgage 0 months 29 months 158 months 50 months
Home equity 0 months 113 months 64 months 110 months
Weighted average of total loans modified 0 months 48 months 153 months 63 months
(a) During the three months ended June 30, 2024, there were no term extensions. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, term extensions changed the weighted average term on modified loans from 204 to 252 months. During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, term extensions changed the weighted average term on modified loans from 254 to 407 months and 223 to 285 months, respectively.
The Corporation closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified in the twelve months ended June 30, 2024:
Payment Status (Amortized Cost Basis)
($ in thousands) Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90+ Days Past Due
Commercial and industrial $ 410  $ —  $ — 
Residential mortgage 902  24  55 
Auto 107  41  — 
Home equity 139  —  — 
Other consumer 1,615  —  — 
Total loans modified $ 3,173  $ 65  $ 55 
27


The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified in the six months ended June 30, 2023:
Payment Status (Amortized Cost Basis)
($ in thousands) Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90+ Days Past Due
Commercial and industrial $ 168  $ —  $ — 
Residential mortgage 519  208  — 
Auto 80  —  — 
Home equity 264  — 
Other consumer 988  —  — 
Total loans modified $ 2,019  $ 208  $
The following table provides the amortized cost of loan modifications by loan portfolio and type of concession that were modified in the previous twelve months and subsequently had a payment default during the six months ended June 30, 2024:
Amortized Cost of Loan Modifications that Subsequently Defaulted
($ in thousands) Interest Rate Concession Term Extension Combination Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
Auto $ $ —  $ — 
Total loans modified $ $ —  $ — 
The following table provides the amortized cost of loan modifications by loan portfolio and type of concession that were modified in the previous six months and subsequently had a payment default during the six months ended June 30, 2023:
Amortized Cost of Loan Modifications that Subsequently Defaulted
($ in thousands) Interest Rate Concession Term Extension Combination Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
Residential mortgage $ —  $ 201  $ 128 
Home equity —  —  60 
Total loans modified $ —  $ 201  $ 187 
The nature and extent of the impairment of modified loans, including those which have experienced a subsequent payment default, are considered in the determination of an appropriate level of the ACLL.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
The ACLL is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments. The level of the ACLL represents management’s estimate of an amount appropriate to provide for expected lifetime credit losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The expected lifetime credit losses are the product of multiplying the Corporation's estimates of probability of default, loss given default, and the individual loan level exposure at default on an undiscounted basis. A main factor in the determination of the ACLL is the economic forecast. The forecast the Corporation used for June 30, 2024 was the Moody's baseline scenario from May 2024, which was reviewed against the June 2024 baseline scenario with no material updates made, over a two year reasonable and supportable period with straight-line reversion to the historical losses over the second year of the period. The allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded credit facilities (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit). See Note 11 for additional information on the change in the allowance for unfunded commitments.

28


The following table presents a summary of the changes in the ACLL by portfolio segment for the six months ended June 30, 2024:
($ in thousands) Dec 31, 2023 Charge offs Recoveries Net Charge offs Provision for credit losses Jun 30, 2024 ACLL / Loans
Allowance for loan losses
Commercial and industrial $ 128,263  $ (33,708) $ 1,394  $ (32,314) $ 29,942  $ 125,891 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 10,610  (3) 463  11,077 
Commercial and business lending 138,873  (33,710) 1,400  (32,310) 30,405  136,968 
Commercial real estate — investor 67,858  (4,569) —  (4,569) 8,274  71,563 
Real estate construction 53,554  —  58  58  2,285  55,897 
Commercial real estate lending 121,412  (4,569) 58  (4,511) 10,559  127,459 
Total commercial 260,285  (38,279) 1,458  (36,821) 40,963  264,427 
Residential mortgage 37,808  (423) 72  (351) (2,915) 34,542 
Auto finance 24,961  (4,996) 1,422  (3,574) 6,383  27,770 
Home equity 15,403  (147) 596  449  240  16,092 
Other consumer 12,638  (3,463) 509  (2,954) 3,329  13,013 
Total consumer 90,809  (9,029) 2,600  (6,429) 7,037  91,417 
Total loans $ 351,094  $ (47,308) $ 4,058  $ (43,251) $ 48,000  $ 355,844 
Allowance for unfunded commitments
Commercial and industrial $ 13,319  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (182) $ 13,137 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 149  —  —  —  20  169 
Commercial and business lending 13,468  —  —  —  (162) 13,306 
Commercial real estate — investor 480  —  —  —  113  593 
Real estate construction 17,024  —  —  —  (1,241) 15,783 
Commercial real estate lending 17,504  —  —  —  (1,128) 16,376 
Total commercial 30,972  —  —  —  (1,290) 29,682 
Home equity 2,629  —  —  —  (146) 2,483 
Other consumer 1,174  —  —  —  436  1,610 
Total consumer 3,803  —  —  —  290  4,093 
Total loans $ 34,776  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (1,000) $ 33,776 
Allowance for credit losses on loans
Commercial and industrial $ 141,582  $ (33,708) $ 1,394  $ (32,314) $ 29,760  $ 139,028  1.39  %
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 10,759  (3) 483  11,246  1.02  %
Commercial and business lending 152,341  (33,710) 1,400  (32,310) 30,243  150,274  1.36  %
Commercial real estate — investor 68,338  (4,569) —  (4,569) 8,387  72,156  1.44  %
Real estate construction 70,578  —  58  58  1,043  71,680  3.18  %
Commercial real estate lending 138,916  (4,569) 58  (4,511) 9,430  143,835  1.98  %
Total commercial 291,257  (38,279) 1,458  (36,821) 39,673  294,109  1.60  %
Residential mortgage 37,808  (423) 72  (351) (2,915) 34,542  0.44  %
Auto finance 24,961  (4,996) 1,422  (3,574) 6,383  27,770  1.09  %
Home equity 18,032  (147) 596  449  93  18,575  2.93  %
Other consumer 13,812  (3,463) 509  (2,954) 3,765  14,623  5.66  %
Total consumer 94,613  (9,029) 2,600  (6,429) 7,327  95,510  0.85  %
Total loans $ 385,870  $ (47,308) $ 4,058  $ (43,251) $ 47,000  $ 389,620  1.32  %




29


The following table presents a summary of the changes in the ACLL by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31, 2023:
($ in thousands) Dec 31, 2022 Charge offs Recoveries Net Charge offs Provision for credit losses Dec 31, 2023 ACLL / Loans
Allowance for loan losses
Commercial and industrial $ 119,076  $ (45,687) $ 3,015  $ (42,672) $ 51,859  $ 128,263 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 9,475  (25) 11  (15) 1,150  10,610 
Commercial and business lending 128,551  (45,713) 3,026  (42,687) 53,009  138,873 
Commercial real estate — investor 54,398  (252) 3,016  2,763  10,697  67,858 
Real estate construction 45,589  (25) 80  55  7,910  53,554 
Commercial real estate lending 99,986  (277) 3,095  2,819  18,607  121,412 
Total commercial 228,538  (45,989) 6,121  (39,868) 71,616  260,285 
Residential mortgage 38,298  (952) 541  (411) (79) 37,808 
Auto finance 19,619  (5,950) 1,241  (4,709) 10,051  24,961 
Home equity 14,875  (424) 1,262  837  (310) 15,403 
Other consumer 11,390  (5,453) 978  (4,475) 5,723  12,638 
Total consumer 84,182  (12,779) 4,021  (8,758) 15,384  90,809 
Total loans $ 312,720  $ (58,768) $ 10,142  $ (48,626) $ 87,000  $ 351,094 
Allowance for unfunded commitments
Commercial and industrial $ 12,997  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 321  $ 13,319 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 103  —  —  —  46  149 
Commercial and business lending 13,101  —  —  —  367  13,468 
Commercial real estate — investor 710  —  —  —  (230) 480 
Real estate construction 20,583  —  —  —  (3,558) 17,024 
Commercial real estate lending 21,292  —  —  —  (3,788) 17,504 
Total commercial 34,393  —  —  —  (3,421) 30,972 
Home equity 2,699  —  —  —  (70) 2,629 
Other consumer 1,683  —  —  —  (509) 1,174 
Total consumer 4,382  —  —  —  (579) 3,803 
Total loans $ 38,776  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (4,000) $ 34,776 
Allowance for credit losses on loans
Commercial and industrial $ 132,073  $ (45,687) $ 3,015  $ (42,672) $ 52,181  $ 141,582  1.45  %
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 9,579  (25) 11  (15) 1,195  10,759  1.01  %
Commercial and business lending 141,652  (45,713) 3,026  (42,687) 53,376  152,341  1.41  %
Commercial real estate — investor 55,108  (252) 3,016  2,763  10,467  68,338  1.33  %
Real estate construction 66,171  (25) 80  55  4,351  70,578  3.11  %
Commercial real estate lending 121,279  (277) 3,095  2,819  14,819  138,916  1.88  %
Total commercial 262,931  (45,989) 6,121  (39,868) 68,195  291,257  1.60  %
Residential mortgage 38,298  (952) 541  (411) (79) 37,808  0.48  %
Auto finance 19,619  (5,950) 1,241  (4,709) 10,051  24,961  1.11  %
Home equity 17,574  (424) 1,262  837  (380) 18,032  2.87  %
Other consumer 13,073  (5,453) 978  (4,475) 5,214  13,812  4.97  %
Total consumer 88,565  (12,779) 4,021  (8,758) 14,805  94,613  0.86  %
Total loans $ 351,496  $ (58,768) $ 10,142  $ (48,626) $ 83,000  $ 385,870  1.32  %
Note 7 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Goodwill is not amortized but is instead subject to impairment tests on at least an annual basis, and more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.
The Corporation conducted its most recent annual impairment testing in May 2024, utilizing a qualitative assessment. Factors that management considered in this assessment included macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance of the Corporation and each reporting unit (both current and projected), changes in management strategy, and changes in the composition or carrying amount of net assets. In addition, management considered the changes in both the Corporation's common stock price and in the KBW Nasdaq Regional Banking Index (KRX), as well as the Corporation's earnings per common share trend over the past year. Based on these assessments, management concluded that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value (including goodwill) for each reporting unit.
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Therefore, a step one quantitative analysis was not required. There have been no events since the May 2024 impairment test that have changed the Corporation's impairment assessment conclusion. There were no impairment charges recorded in 2023 or the first six months of 2024.
The Corporation had goodwill of $1.1 billion at both June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Core Deposit Intangibles
The Corporation has CDIs which are amortized. Changes in the gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization, and net book value for CDIs were as follows:
($ in thousands) Six Months Ended Jun 30, 2024 Year Ended Dec 31, 2023
Core deposit intangibles
Gross carrying amount at the beginning of period $ 88,109  $ 88,109 
Accumulated amortization (52,044) (47,638)
Net book value $ 36,066  $ 40,471 
Amortization during the period $ 4,405  $ 8,811 
Mortgage Servicing Rights
The Corporation sells residential mortgage loans in the secondary market and typically retains the right to service the loans sold. MSRs are not traded in active markets. As a result, a cash flow model is used to determine fair value. Key assumptions and estimates, including projected prepayment speeds, assumed servicing costs, ancillary income, costs to service delinquent loans, costs of foreclosure, and discount rates with option-adjusted spreads, are used in measuring the fair value of the MSRs asset. These assumptions are considered significant unobservable inputs. See Note 11 for a discussion of the recourse provisions on sold residential mortgage loans. See Note 12 which further discusses fair value measurement relative to the MSRs asset.
A summary of changes in the balance of the MSRs asset under the fair value measurement method for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows:
($ in thousands) Six Months Ended Jun 30, 2024 Year Ended Dec 31, 2023
Mortgage servicing rights
Mortgage servicing rights at beginning of period $ 84,390  $ 77,351 
Additions 2,490  3,564 
Paydowns (3,808) (7,185)
Valuation:
Change in fair value model assumptions —  8,881 
Changes in fair value of asset 2,567  1,778 
Mortgage servicing rights at end of period $ 85,640  $ 84,390 
Portfolio of residential mortgage loans serviced for others (“servicing portfolio”)(a)
$ 6,306,865  $ 7,364,492 
Mortgage servicing rights to servicing portfolio(a)
1.36  % 1.15  %
(a) During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Corporation transferred $969 million of residential mortgages into held for sale and subsequently sold them for $844 million. After sale, the servicing was retained for a short period until full servicing was transferred to the purchaser in January 2024.
The projections of amortization expense for CDIs and decay for MSRs are based on existing asset balances, the current interest rate environment, and prepayment speeds as of June 30, 2024. The actual expense the Corporation recognizes in any given period may be significantly different depending upon acquisition or sale activities, changes in interest rates, prepayment speeds, market conditions, regulatory requirements, and events or circumstances that indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The following table shows the estimated future amortization expense for CDIs and decay for MSRs:
($ in thousands) Core Deposit Intangibles Mortgage Servicing Rights
Six months ended December 31, 2024 $ 4,405  $ 4,853 
2025 8,811  11,623 
2026 8,811  11,487 
2027 8,811  10,786 
2028 3,485  9,750 
2029 1,681  8,633 
Beyond 2029 61  28,508 
Total estimated amortization expense and MSRs decay $ 36,066  $ 85,640 
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Note 8 Short and Long-Term Funding
The following table presents the components of short-term funding (funding with original contractual maturities of one year or less), and long-term funding (funding with original contractual maturities greater than one year):
($ in thousands) Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Short-term funding
Federal funds purchased $ 270,015  $ 220,160 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 89,524  106,620 
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase 359,539  326,780 
BTFP funding 500,000  — 
Total short-term funding $ 859,539  $ 326,780 
Long-term funding
Corporation subordinated notes, at par $ 550,000  $ 550,000 
Discount and capitalized costs (7,189) (7,748)
Subordinated debt fair value hedge(a)
(7,037) (1,366)
Finance leases 339  383 
Total long-term funding $ 536,113  $ 541,269 
   Total short and long-term funding, excluding FHLB advances $ 1,395,652  $ 868,049 
FHLB advances
Short-term FHLB advances $ 1,475,000  $ 740,000 
Long-term FHLB advances 1,211,867  1,209,907 
FHLB advances fair value hedge(a)
(13,820) (9,713)
Total FHLB advances $ 2,673,046  $ 1,940,194 
Total short and long-term funding $ 4,068,699  $ 2,808,243 
(a) For additional information on the fair value hedges, see Note 9.
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase
The Corporation enters into agreements under which it sells securities subject to an obligation to repurchase the same or similar securities. Under these arrangements, the Corporation may transfer legal control over the assets but still retain effective control through an agreement that both entitles and obligates the Corporation to repurchase the assets. The obligation to repurchase the securities is reflected as a liability on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheets, while the securities underlying the repurchase agreements remain in the respective investment securities asset accounts (i.e., there is no offsetting or netting of the investment securities assets with the repurchase agreement liabilities).
The Corporation utilizes repurchase agreements to facilitate the needs of its customers. The fair value of securities pledged to secure repurchase agreements may decline. At June 30, 2024, the Corporation had pledged securities valued at 189% of the gross outstanding balance of repurchase agreements to manage this risk.
The remaining contractual maturity of the securities sold under agreements to repurchase on the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are presented in the following table:
Overnight and Continuous
($ in thousands) Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Repurchase agreements
Agency mortgage-related securities $ 89,524  $ 106,620 
Long-Term Funding
Subordinated Notes 
In November 2014, the Corporation issued $250 million of 10-year subordinated notes, due January 2025, and callable October 2024. The subordinated notes have a fixed coupon interest rate of 4.25% and were issued at a discount.
In February 2023, the Corporation issued $300 million of 10-year subordinated notes, due March 1, 2033 and redeemable (i) on the reset date of March 1, 2028 and any interest payment date thereafter, (ii) at any time on or after the three month period prior to the maturity date, and (iii) upon the occurrence of a Regulatory Capital Treatment Event (as defined in the Global Note). The subordinated notes have a fixed coupon interest rate of 6.625% until the reset date, after which the rate will be equal to the Five-Year U.S. Treasury Rate as of the reset date plus 2.812% per annum. The notes were issued at a discount.
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Finance Leases
Finance leases are used in conjunction with branch operations. See Note 16 for additional disclosure regarding the Corporation’s leases.
Note 9 Derivative and Hedging Activities
The Corporation enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest and currency rates as well as other economic conditions.
At inception, the Corporation designates the derivative contract as either a fair value hedge (i.e., a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability), a cash flow hedge (i.e., a hedge of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability), or a non-designated hedge. The hedge accounting methodologies applied for fair value, cash flow, and non-designated hedges are described in the Derivative and Hedging Activities note in the Corporation's 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The contract or notional amount of a derivative is used to determine, along with the other terms of the derivative, the amounts to be exchanged between the counterparties. The Corporation is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to financial instruments. To mitigate the counterparty risk, contracts generally contain language outlining collateral pledging requirements for each counterparty. For non-centrally cleared derivatives, collateral must be posted when the market value exceeds certain mutually agreed upon threshold limits. Securities and cash are often pledged as collateral. The Corporation pledged $86 million and $93 million of investment securities as collateral at June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively. Cash is often pledged as collateral for derivatives that are not centrally cleared. The Corporation's required cash collateral was $2 million at June 30, 2024, compared to $5 million at December 31, 2023. For fair value information and disclosures and for the Corporation's accounting policy for derivative and hedging activities, see the Fair Value Measurements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies notes in the Corporation's 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following table presents the total notional amounts and gross fair values of the Corporation's derivatives, as well as the balance sheet netting adjustments as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
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  Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Asset Liability Asset Liability
($ in thousands) Notional Amount Fair Value Notional Amount Fair Value Notional Amount Fair Value Notional Amount Fair Value
Designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate-related instruments(a)
$ 1,250,000  $ 3,036  $ 2,050,000  $ 12,880  $ 2,300,000  $ 8,075  $ 550,000  $ 930 
Foreign currency exchange forwards 71,753  136  150,906  337  231,566  632  189,212  2,946 
Total designated as hedging instruments 3,172  13,217  8,707  3,876 
Not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate-related and other instruments 3,893,983  106,277  6,130,174  207,471  3,603,513  111,623  6,528,471  195,662 
Foreign currency exchange forwards 89,957  2,700  276,412  2,514  87,526  2,954  135,654  2,746 
Mortgage banking(b)
72,166  766  150,500  95  29,490  439  51,500  673 
Total not designated as hedging instruments 109,744  210,081  115,016  199,082 
Gross derivatives before netting 112,916  223,298  123,723  202,958 
Less: Legally enforceable master netting agreements 8,328  8,328  18,234  18,234 
Less: Cash collateral pledged/received 40,169  1,500  35,855  — 
Total derivative instruments, after netting $ 64,418  $ 213,470  $ 69,634  $ 184,724 

(a) The notional amounts of the interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments include forward starting interest rate swaps with an effective date ranging from December 1, 2024 to March 1, 2025, where the notional amounts on such swaps were $100 million for assets and $350 million for liabilities, and where the fair value on the assets and liabilities for those swaps were approximately $260,000 and $2 million, respectively.
(b) The notional amount of the mortgage derivative asset includes interest rate lock commitments, while the notional amount of the mortgage derivative liability includes forward commitments.

The following table presents amounts that were recorded on the consolidated balance sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:
Line Item in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in Which the Hedged Item is Included
Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)(a)
Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)(a)
Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
($ in thousands) Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Other long-term funding $ (542,963) $ 7,037  $ (548,634) $ 1,366 
FHLB advances (586,180) 13,820  (590,287) 9,713 
Total $ (1,129,143) $ 20,857  $ (1,138,921) $ 11,079 

(a) Excludes hedged items where only foreign currency risk is the designated hedged risk. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying amount excluded for foreign currency denominated loans was $223 million and $421 million, respectively.
The Corporation terminated its $500 million fair value hedge during the fourth quarter of 2019. At June 30, 2024, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolios which had previously been used in the terminated hedging relationship was $252 million and is included in loans on the consolidated balance sheets. This amount includes $1 million of hedging adjustments on the discontinued hedging relationships, which are not presented in the table above.
The tables below identify the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on the Corporation's consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
Location and Amount Recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income in
Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Three months ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
($ in thousands) Interest Income Interest Expense Interest Income Interest Expense Interest Income Interest Expense Interest Income Interest Expense
Total amounts of income/expense presented on the consolidated statements of income in which the effects of the fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded(a)
$ (4,805) $ 5,367  $ (3,376) $ 4,329  $ (9,668) $ 10,689  $ (4,697) $ 6,844 
The effects of fair value and cash flow hedging: Impact on fair value hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20
Interest contracts:
Hedged items (36) 431  (57) (20,375) (76) (9,779) (115) (9,651)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a)
(4,769) 4,935  (3,319) 24,704  (9,592) 20,468  (4,581) 16,495 
(a) Includes net settlements on the derivatives.
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Location and Amount Recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income in
Fair Value Hedging Relationships
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
($ in thousands) Capital Markets, Net Capital Markets, Net Capital Markets, Net Capital Markets, Net
Total amounts of income/expense presented on the consolidated statements of income in which the effects of the fair value hedges are recorded $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
The effects of fair value hedging: Impact on fair value hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20
Foreign currency contracts:
Hedged items (4,269) 7,587  (13,339) 9,389 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 4,269  (7,587) 13,339  (9,389)
The following table presents the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Interest rate-related instruments designated as cash flow hedging instruments
Amount of (loss) recognized in OCI on cash flow hedge derivative(a)
$ (6,787) $ (34,147) $ (26,248) $ (20,384)
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest income(a)
4,769  3,319  9,592  4,581 
(a) The entirety of (losses) recognized in OCI as well as the losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest income were included components in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to cash flow hedge derivatives are reclassified to interest income as interest payments are made on the hedged variable interest rate assets. The Corporation estimates that $13 million will be reclassified as a decrease to interest income over the next 12 months. This amount could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations, or the addition of other hedges subsequent to June 30, 2024. The maximum length of time over which the Corporation is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows is 35 months as of June 30, 2024.
The table below identifies the effect of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the Corporation's consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
Consolidated Statements of Income Category of Gain / (Loss) 
Recognized in Income
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Derivative instruments
Interest rate-related and other instruments — customer and mirror, net Capital markets, net $ 13  $ 207  $ (58) $ 138 
Interest rate-related instruments — MSRs hedge Mortgage banking, net (1,374) (2,195) (4,311) 326 
Foreign currency exchange forwards Capital markets, net (140) 1,158  605  1,386 
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage) Mortgage banking, net 100  93  327  345 
Forward commitments (mortgage) Mortgage banking, net 127  777  578  382 
Note 10 Balance Sheet Offsetting
Interest Rate-Related Instruments and Foreign Exchange Forwards (“Interest and Foreign Exchange Agreements”)
The Corporation is permitted to present derivative receivables and derivative payables with the same counterparty and the related cash collateral receivables and payables on a net basis on the consolidated balance sheets when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists. The Corporation has elected to net such balances where it has determined that the specified conditions are met.
The Corporation uses master netting agreements to mitigate counterparty credit risk in these transactions, including derivative contracts. A master netting agreement is a single agreement with a counterparty that permits multiple transactions governed by that agreement to be terminated or accelerated and settled through a single payment in a single currency in the event of a default (e.g., bankruptcy, failure to make a required payment or securities transfer or deliver collateral or margin when due).
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Typical master netting agreements for these types of transactions also contain a collateral/margin agreement that provides for a security interest in, or title transfer of, securities or cash collateral/margin to the party that has the right to demand margin (the “demanding party”). The collateral/margin agreement typically requires a party to transfer collateral/margin to the demanding party with a value equal to the amount of the margin deficit on a net basis across all transactions governed by the master netting agreement, less any threshold. The collateral/margin agreement grants to the demanding party, upon default by the counterparty, the right to set-off any amounts payable by the counterparty against any posted collateral or the cash equivalent of any posted collateral/margin. It also grants to the demanding party the right to liquidate collateral/margin and to apply the proceeds to an amount payable by the counterparty.
For additional information on the Corporation’s derivative and hedging activities, see the Derivative and Hedging Activities note in the Corporation's 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following table presents the interest rate and foreign exchange assets and liabilities subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The interest rate and foreign exchange agreements the Corporation has with its commercial customers are not subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement and are therefore excluded from this table:
  Gross Amounts Recognized Gross Amounts Subject to Master Netting Arrangements Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets Net Amounts Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets  
 ($ in thousands) Derivative
Liabilities Offset
Cash Collateral Received Security Collateral Received Net
 Amount
Derivative assets
June 30, 2024 $ 92,570  $ (8,328) $ (40,169) $ 44,072  $ (33,922) $ 10,150 
December 31, 2023 87,075  (18,234) (35,855) 32,985  (32,985) — 
  Gross Amounts Recognized Gross Amounts Subject to Master Netting Arrangements Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets Net Amounts Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets  
 ($ in thousands) Derivative
Assets Offset
Cash Collateral Pledged Security Collateral Pledged Net
 Amount
Derivative liabilities
June 30, 2024 $ 21,237  $ (8,328) $ (1,500) $ 11,409  $ —  $ 11,409 
December 31, 2023 18,767  (18,234) —  533  —  533 
Note 11 Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Legal Proceedings, and Regulatory Matters
The Corporation utilizes a variety of financial instruments in the normal course of business to meet the financial needs of its customers and to manage its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include lending-related and other commitments (see below) as well as derivative instruments (see Note 9). The following is a summary of lending-related commitments:
($ in thousands) Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Commitments to extend credit, excluding commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale(a)(b)
$ 10,295,737  $ 11,170,147 
Commercial letters of credit(a)
1,118  3,697 
Standby letters of credit(c)
252,475  212,029 
(a) These off-balance sheet financial instruments are exercisable at the market rate prevailing at the date the underlying transaction will be completed and, thus, are deemed to have no current fair value, or the fair value is based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements and was not material at June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023.
(b) Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale are considered derivative instruments and are disclosed in Note 9.
(c) Standby letters of credit are presented excluding participations. The Corporation has established a liability of $3 million at June 30, 2024, compared to $2 million at December 31, 2023, as an estimate of the fair value of these financial instruments.
Lending-related Commitments
As a financial services provider, the Corporation routinely enters into commitments to extend credit. Such commitments are subject to the same credit policies and approval process accorded to loans made by the Corporation, with each customer’s creditworthiness evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to these financial instruments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Corporation upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Since a significant portion of commitments to extend credit are subject to specific restrictive loan covenants or may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash flow requirements. An allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded commitments (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit).
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The following table presents a summary of the changes in the allowance for unfunded commitments:
($ in thousands) Six Months Ended Jun 30, 2024 Year Ended Dec 31, 2023
Allowance for unfunded commitments
Balance at beginning of period $ 34,776  $ 38,776 
Provision for unfunded commitments (1,000) (4,000)
Balance at end of period $ 33,776  $ 34,776 
Lending-related commitments include commitments to extend credit, commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale, commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are legally binding agreements to lend to customers at predetermined interest rates, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contracts. Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale and forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans are considered derivative instruments, and the fair value of these commitments is recorded in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation’s derivative and hedging activity is further described in Note 9. Commercial and standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Commercial letters of credit are issued specifically to facilitate commerce and typically result in the commitment being drawn on when the underlying transaction is consummated between the customer and the third party, while standby letters of credit generally are contingent upon the failure of the customer to perform according to the terms of the underlying contract with the third party.
Other Commitments
The Corporation invests in qualified affordable housing projects, historic projects, new market projects, and opportunity zone funds for the purpose of community reinvestment and obtaining tax credits and other tax benefits. Return on the Corporation's investment in these projects and funds comes in the form of the tax credits and tax losses that pass through to the Corporation, and deferral or elimination of capital gain recognition for tax purposes. The aggregate carrying value of these investments at June 30, 2024 was $205 million, compared to $219 million at December 31, 2023, included in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation utilizes the proportional amortization method to account for investments in qualified affordable housing projects.
Under the proportional amortization method, the Corporation amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits. The Corporation recognized additional income tax expense attributable to the amortization of investments in qualified affordable housing projects of $18 million and $17 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively, and $9 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023. The Corporation's remaining investment in qualified affordable housing projects accounted for under the proportional amortization method totaled $203 million at June 30, 2024 and $215 million at December 31, 2023.
The Corporation’s unfunded equity contributions relating to investments in qualified affordable housing and historic projects are recorded in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation’s remaining unfunded equity contributions totaled $30 million at June 30, 2024 and $27 million at December 31, 2023. Additionally, at June 30, 2024, the Corporation also invests in a private SBA loan fund, recorded in equity securities on the consolidated balance sheets, the purpose of which is to identify CRA qualifying loans within a target region, which has a remaining unfunded equity contribution of $3 million.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation did not record any impairment related to qualified affordable housing investments.
The Corporation has principal investment commitments to provide capital-based financing to private companies through either direct investment in specific companies or through investment funds and partnerships. The timing of future cash requirements to fund such principal investment commitments is generally dependent on the investment cycle, whereby privately held companies are funded by private equity investors and ultimately sold, merged, or taken public through an initial offering, which can vary based on overall market conditions, as well as the nature and type of industry in which the companies operate. The Corporation also invests in loan pools that support CRA loans. The timing of future cash requirements to fund these pools is dependent upon loan demand, which can vary over time. The aggregate carrying value of these investments was $41 million at June 30, 2024 and $40 million at December 31, 2023, included in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets.
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Legal Proceedings
The Corporation is party to various pending and threatened claims and legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business activities, some of which involve claims for substantial amounts. Although there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcomes, the Corporation believes it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted against it in its currently outstanding matters and intends to continue to defend itself vigorously with respect to such legal proceedings. The Corporation will consider settlement of cases when, in management’s judgment, it is in the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders.
On at least a quarterly basis, the Corporation assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with all pending or threatened claims and litigation, utilizing the most recent information available. On a matter by matter basis, an accrual for loss is established for those matters which the Corporation believes it is probable that a loss may be incurred and that the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. Once established, each accrual is adjusted as appropriate to reflect any subsequent developments. Accordingly, management’s estimate will change from time to time, and actual losses may be more or less than the current estimate. For matters where a loss is not probable, or the amount of the loss cannot be estimated, no accrual is established.
Resolution of legal claims is inherently unpredictable, and in many legal proceedings various factors exacerbate this inherent unpredictability, including where the damages sought are unsubstantiated or indeterminate, it is unclear whether a case brought as a class action will be allowed to proceed on that basis, discovery is not complete, the proceeding is not yet in its final stages, the matters present legal uncertainties, there are significant facts in dispute, there are a large number of parties (including where it is uncertain how liability, if any, will be shared among multiple defendants), or there is a wide range of potential results.
Management believes that the legal proceedings currently pending against it should not have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition. However, in light of the uncertainties involved in such proceedings, there is no assurance that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not significantly exceed the reserves the Corporation has currently accrued or that a matter will not have material reputational or other qualitative consequences. As a result, the outcome of a particular matter may be material to the Corporation’s operating results for a particular period, depending on, among other factors, the size of the loss or liability imposed and the level of the Corporation’s income for that period.
Regulatory Matters
A variety of consumer products, including mortgage and deposit products, and certain fees and charges related to such products, have come under increased regulatory scrutiny. It is possible that regulatory authorities could bring enforcement actions, including civil money penalties, or take other actions against the Corporation in regard to these consumer products. The Bank could also determine of its own accord, or be required by regulators, to refund or otherwise make remediation payments to customers in connection with these products, fees and charges. It is not possible at this time for management to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss related to such matters.
In recent consent orders with financial institutions, the CFPB has asserted that certain overdraft charges constitute “unfair and abusive acts and practices.” In certain instances, these financial institutions have agreed to make restitution to customers and to pay civil money penalties. Included in the practices that the CFPB has asserted are “unfair and abusive” are 1) overdraft fees on transactions that had a sufficient balance at the time authorized but then later settled with an insufficient balance (“APSN Fees”), and 2) repeat insufficient funds fees on transactions resubmitted for payment after they were initially declined (“Representment Fees”). In light of these orders, the Corporation has undertaken a review of its current and past practices regarding APSN Fees and Representment Fees. Such review could result in changes to our overdraft fee policies, which would reduce our fee income in future periods and which could also result in a decision to make remediation payments to current and past customers who incurred such fees. The Corporation’s financial results may be materially impacted in any period in which the Corporation determines to make any such remediation payments.
Mortgage Repurchase Reserve
The Corporation sells residential mortgage loans to investors in the normal course of business. Residential mortgage loans sold to others are predominantly conventional residential first lien mortgages originated under the Corporation's usual underwriting procedures, and are most often sold on a nonrecourse basis, primarily to the GSEs. The Corporation’s agreements to sell residential mortgage loans in the normal course of business usually require certain representations and warranties on the underlying loans sold, related to credit information, loan documentation, collateral, and insurability. Subsequent to being sold, if a material underwriting deficiency or documentation defect is discovered, the Corporation may be obligated to repurchase the loan or reimburse the GSEs for losses incurred (collectively, “make whole requests”). The make whole requests and any related risk of loss under the representations and warranties are largely driven by borrower performance. The Corporation also sells qualifying residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies into GNMA pools.
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As a result of make whole requests, the Corporation has repurchased loans with aggregate principal balances of $2 million and $5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023, respectively. There were no loss reimbursement and settlement claims paid in the six months ended June 30, 2024 or for the year ended December 31, 2023. Make whole requests since January 1, 2023 generally arose from loans originated since January 1, 2021 with such balances totaling $4.0 billion at the time of sale, consisting primarily of loans sold to GSEs. As of June 30, 2024, $3.4 billion of those loans originated since January 1, 2021 remain outstanding.
The balance in the mortgage repurchase reserve at the balance sheet date reflects the estimated amount of potential loss the Corporation could incur from repurchasing a loan, as well as loss reimbursements, indemnifications, and other settlement resolutions. The mortgage repurchase reserve, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, was approximately $734,000 at June 30, 2024 and approximately $835,000 at December 31, 2023.
The Corporation may also sell residential mortgage loans with limited recourse (limited in that the recourse period ends prior to the loan’s maturity, usually after certain time and/or loan paydown criteria have been met), whereby repurchase could be required if the loan had defined delinquency issues during the limited recourse periods. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were $14 million and $15 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans sold with such recourse risk. There have been limited instances and immaterial historical losses on repurchases for recourse under the limited recourse criteria.
The Corporation has a subordinate position to the FHLB in the credit risk on residential mortgage loans it sold to the FHLB Mortgage Partnership Finance Traditional program in exchange for a monthly credit enhancement fee. The Corporation resumed selling loans to the FHLB with such credit risk retention in February 2024, but prior to that, had not sold any loans with this credit risk retention since February 2005. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were $58 million and $16 million, respectively, of such residential mortgage loans with credit risk recourse, upon which there have been immaterial historical losses to the Corporation.
Note 12 Fair Value Measurements
Fair value represents the estimated price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e., an exit price concept).
The valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis are described in the Fair Value Measurements note in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The tables below present the Corporation’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis and carrying amounts and estimated fair values of certain financial instruments as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:
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Jun 30, 2024
($ in thousands) Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Cash and due from banks $ 470,818  $ 470,818  $ 470,818  $ —  $ — 
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions 484,677  484,677  484,677  —  — 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 3,600  3,600  3,600  —  — 
AFS investment securities:
U.S. Treasury securities 35,638  35,638  35,638  —  — 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 78,507  78,507  —  78,507  — 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 1,064,318  1,064,318  —  1,064,318  — 
GNMA 2,440,808  2,440,808  —  2,440,808  — 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 17,283  17,283  —  17,283  — 
GNMA 149,799  149,799  —  149,799  — 
Asset backed securities:
FFELP 122,765  122,765  —  122,765  — 
SBA 640  640  —  640  — 
Other debt securities 2,973  2,973  —  2,973  — 
Total AFS investment securities 3,912,730  3,912,730  35,638  3,877,092  — 
HTM investment securities:
U.S. Treasury securities 1,000  978  978  —  — 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities), net 1,668,410  1,497,587  —  1,497,587  — 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 916,966  753,657  —  753,657  — 
GNMA 46,392  42,536  —  42,536  — 
Private-label 335,148  273,892  —  273,892  — 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 776,717  630,783  —  630,783  — 
GNMA 54,403  47,436  —  47,436  — 
Total HTM investment securities, net 3,799,035  3,246,868  978  3,245,890  — 
Equity securities:
Equity securities 10,444  10,444  10,382  —  62 
Equity securities at NAV 12,500  12,500 
Total equity securities 22,944  22,944 
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks 212,102  212,102  —  212,102  — 
Residential loans held for sale 83,795  83,795  —  83,795  — 
Loans, net 29,208,547  27,884,450  —  —  27,884,450 
Bank and corporate owned life insurance 683,451  683,451  —  683,451  — 
Mortgage servicing rights, net 85,640  85,640  —  —  85,640 
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(a)
3,036  3,036  —  3,036  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(a)
136  136  —  136  — 
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(a)
106,277  106,277  —  106,277  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(a)
2,700  2,700  —  2,700  — 
Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale 766  766  —  —  766 
Total selected assets at fair value $ 39,080,255  $ 37,203,991  $ 1,006,092  $ 8,214,480  $ 27,970,919 

(a) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the
    same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.
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Jun 30, 2024
($ in thousands) Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Liabilities
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand $ 5,815,045  $ 5,815,045  $ —  $ —  $ 5,815,045 
Savings 5,157,103  5,157,103  —  —  5,157,103 
Interest-bearing demand 8,284,017  8,284,017  —  —  8,284,017 
Money market 6,294,895  6,294,895  —  —  6,294,895 
Brokered CDs(a)
4,061,578  4,061,578  —  4,061,578  — 
Other time deposits(a)
3,078,401  3,078,401  —  3,078,401  — 
Total deposits 32,691,039  32,691,039  —  7,139,979  25,551,061 
Short-term funding:
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase 359,539  359,532  —  359,532  — 
BTFP funding 500,000  497,973  —  497,973  — 
Total short-term funding 859,539  857,505  —  857,505  — 
FHLB advances 2,673,046  2,672,221  —  2,672,221  — 
Other long-term funding 536,113  530,211  —  530,211  — 
Standby letters of credit(b)
2,536  2,536  —  2,536  — 
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(c)
12,880  12,880  —  12,880  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(c)
337  337  —  337  — 
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(c)
207,471  207,471  —  207,471  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(c)
2,514  2,514  —  2,514  — 
Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans 95  95  —  —  95 
Total selected liabilities at fair value $ 36,985,572  $ 36,976,810  $ —  $ 11,425,654  $ 25,551,156 

(a) When the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the carrying value is reported as the fair value.
(b) The commitment on standby letters of credit was $252 million at June 30, 2024. See Note 11 for additional information on the standby letters of credit and for information on the fair value of lending-related commitments.
(c) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.
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Dec 31, 2023
($ in thousands) Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Cash and due from banks $ 484,384  $ 484,384  $ 484,384  $ —  $ — 
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions 425,089  425,089  425,089  —  — 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 14,350  14,350  14,350  —  — 
AFS investment securities:
U.S. Treasury securities 35,902  35,902  35,902  —  — 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) 91,817  91,817  —  91,817  — 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 1,120,794  1,120,794  —  1,120,794  — 
GNMA 2,042,675  2,042,675  —  2,042,675  — 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 16,937  16,937  —  16,937  — 
GNMA 154,793  154,793  —  154,793  — 
Asset backed securities:
FFELP 133,975  133,975  —  133,975  — 
SBA 1,051  1,051  —  1,051  — 
Other debt securities 2,950  2,950  —  2,950  — 
Total AFS investment securities 3,600,892  3,600,892  35,902  3,564,990  — 
HTM investment securities:
U.S. Treasury securities 999  963  963  —  — 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities), net 1,682,398  1,553,984  —  1,553,984  — 
Residential mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 941,973  804,393  —  804,393  — 
GNMA 48,979  46,170  —  46,170  — 
Private-label 345,083  289,507  —  289,507  — 
Commercial mortgage-related securities:
FNMA / FHLMC 780,995  632,914  —  632,914  — 
GNMA 59,733  52,619  —  52,619  — 
Total HTM investment securities, net 3,860,160  3,380,550  963  3,379,586  — 
Equity securities:
Equity securities 31,651  31,651  6,883  —  24,769 
Equity securities at NAV 10,000  10,000 
Total equity securities 41,651  41,651 
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks 229,171  229,171  —  229,171  — 
Residential loans held for sale 33,011  33,011  —  33,011  — 
Commercial loans held for sale 90,303  90,303  —  90,303  — 
Loans, net 28,865,124  27,371,086  —  —  27,371,086 
Bank and corporate owned life insurance 682,649  682,649  —  682,649  — 
Mortgage servicing rights, net 84,390  84,390  —  —  84,390 
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(a)
8,075  8,075  —  8,075  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(a)
632  632  —  632  — 
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(a)
111,623  111,623  —  111,623  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(a)
2,954  2,954  —  2,954  — 
Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale 439  439  —  —  439 
Total selected assets at fair value $ 38,534,897  $ 36,561,249  $ 967,570  $ 8,102,995  $ 27,480,684 

(a) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the
    same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.
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Dec 31, 2023
($ in thousands) Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Liabilities
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand $ 6,119,956  $ 6,119,956  $ —  $ —  $ 6,119,956 
Savings 4,835,701  4,835,701  —  —  4,835,701 
Interest-bearing demand 8,843,967  8,843,967  —  —  8,843,967 
Money market 6,330,453  6,330,453  —  —  6,330,453 
Brokered CDs(a)
4,447,479  4,447,479  —  4,447,479  — 
Other time deposits(a)
2,868,494  2,868,494  —  2,868,494  — 
Total deposits 33,446,049  33,446,049  —  7,315,973  26,130,076 
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase 326,780  326,757  —  326,757  — 
FHLB advances 1,940,194  1,944,600  —  1,944,600  — 
Other long-term funding 541,269  534,983  —  534,983  — 
Standby letters of credit(b)
2,157  2,157  —  2,157  — 
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(c)
930  930  —  930  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(c)
2,946  2,946  —  2,946  — 
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(c)
195,662  195,662  —  195,662  — 
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(c)
2,746  2,746  —  2,746  — 
Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans 673  673  —  —  673 
Total selected liabilities at fair value $ 36,459,407  $ 36,457,504  $ —  $ 10,326,755  $ 26,130,749 

(a) When the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the carrying value is reported as the fair value.
(b) The commitment on standby letters of credit was $212 million at December 31, 2023. See Note 11 for additional information on the standby letters of credit and for information on the fair value of lending-related commitments.
(c) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.
The table below presents a rollforward of the consolidated balance sheets amounts for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023, for the Corporation's mortgage derivatives measured on a recurring basis and classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy:
($ in thousands) Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans Total
Balance December 31, 2022 $ 86  $ 46  $ 40 
New production 6,557  (1,816) 8,373 
Closed loans / settlements (4,171) 2,494  (6,665)
Other (2,033) (51) (1,982)
Change in mortgage derivative 352  627  (274)
Balance December 31, 2023 $ 439  $ 673  $ (234)
New production $ 6,153  $ (1,414) $ 7,567 
Closed loans / settlements (3,857) 1,028  (4,885)
Other (1,969) (192) (1,777)
Change in mortgage derivative 327  (578) 905 
Balance June 30, 2024 $ 766  $ 95  $ 671 
The following table presents a rollforward of the fair value of Level 3 equity securities, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023, that are measured under the measurement alternative and the related adjustments recorded during the periods presented for those securities with observable price changes:
 ($ in thousands)
Fair value as of December 31, 2022 $ 19,225 
Gains recognized in investment securities gains, net 5,861 
Purchases 11 
Sales (329)
Fair value as of December 31, 2023
$ 24,769 
Gains recognized in investment securities gains, net $ 4,054 
Purchases 12 
Sales (28,772)
Fair value as of June 30, 2024
$ 62 
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The table below presents the Corporation’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:
($ in thousands) Fair Value Hierarchy Fair Value Consolidated Statements of Income Category of Adjustment Recognized in Income
Adjustment Recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income(a)
Jun 30, 2024
Assets
Individually evaluated loans Level 3 $ 53,881  Provision for credit losses $ 22,095 
OREO(b)
Level 2 192 
Other noninterest expense / provision for credit losses(c)
263 
Dec 31, 2024
Assets
Individually evaluated loans Level 3 $ 47,221  Provision for credit losses $ 45,709 
OREO(b)
Level 2 3,139 
Other noninterest expense / provision for credit losses(c)
2,532 
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values Level 3 24,671  Investment securities gains (losses), net 5,785 
(a) Includes the YTD impact on the consolidated statements of income.
(b) If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the carrying amount of the asset, no charge off or adjustment is necessary, the asset is not considered to be carried at fair value and is therefore not included in the table.
(c) When a property's value is written down at the time it is transferred to OREO, the charge off is booked to the provision for credit losses. When a property is already in OREO and subsequently written down, the charge off is booked to other noninterest expense.
The table below presents the unobservable inputs that are readily quantifiable pertaining to Level 3 measurements:
Jun 30, 2024 Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Input Range of Inputs Weighted Average Input Applied
Mortgage servicing rights Discounted cash flow Option adjusted spread 5% - 8% 5%
Mortgage servicing rights Discounted cash flow Constant prepayment rate —% - 100% 6%
Individually evaluated loans Appraisals / Discounted cash flow Collateral / Discount factor —% - 81% 56%
Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale Discounted cash flow Closing Ratio 35% - 100% 87%
Note 13 Retirement Plans
The Corporation has a noncontributory defined benefit RAP, covering substantially all employees who meet the eligibility requirements. The benefits are based primarily on years of service and the employee’s eligible compensation paid. Employees of acquired entities generally participate in the RAP after consummation of the business combinations. Retirement plans of acquired entities are typically merged into the RAP depending on the terms of the merger agreement, and, as applicable, credit is usually applied to employees for years of service at the acquired institution for vesting and eligibility purposes.
The Corporation also provides healthcare access to a limited group of retired employees from a previous acquisition in the Postretirement Plan. There are no other active retiree healthcare plans.
The components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic benefit cost for the RAP and Postretirement Plan for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
RAP
Service cost $ 881  $ 796  $ 1,755  $ 1,592 
Interest cost 2,719  2,686  5,438  5,372 
Expected return on plan assets (8,650) (8,202) (17,301) (16,404)
Amortization of prior service cost (54) (63) (107) (125)
Amortization of actuarial loss —  —  —  37 
Total net periodic pension cost $ (5,104) $ (4,783) $ (10,215) $ (9,528)
Postretirement Plan
Interest cost $ 18  $ 20  $ 37  $ 39 
Amortization of prior service cost (19) (19) (38) (38)
Amortization of actuarial (gain) (7) (7) (14) (15)
Total net periodic benefit cost $ (8) $ (7) $ (15) $ (13)
The components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in the line item other of noninterest expense on the consolidated statements of income. The service cost components are included in personnel on the consolidated statements of income.
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The Corporation’s funding policy is to pay at least the minimum amount required by federal law and regulations, with consideration given to the maximum funding amounts allowed. The Corporation regularly reviews the funding of its RAP. There were no contributions during 2023 or the six months ended June 30, 2024.
Note 14 Segment Reporting
The Corporation utilizes a risk-based internal profitability measurement system to provide strategic business unit reporting. The profitability measurement system is based on internal management methodologies designed to produce consistent results and reflect the underlying economics of the units. Certain strategic business units have been combined for segment information reporting purposes where the nature of the products and services, the type of customer, and the distribution of those products and services are similar. The three reportable segments are Corporate and Commercial Specialty; Community, Consumer, and Business; and Risk Management and Shared Services. The financial information of the Corporation’s segments has been compiled utilizing the accounting policies described in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K, with certain exceptions. The more significant of these exceptions are described herein.
The reportable segment results are presented based on the Corporation's internal management accounting process. The management accounting policies and processes utilized in compiling segment financial information are highly subjective and, unlike financial accounting, are not based on authoritative guidance similar to U.S. GAAP. As a result, reported segments and the financial information of the reported segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information reported by other financial institutions. Furthermore, changes in management structure or allocation methodologies and procedures may result in changes in previously reported segment financial data. Additionally, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities.
To determine financial performance of each segment, the Corporation allocates FTP assignments, the provision for credit losses, certain noninterest expenses, income taxes, and equity to each segment. Allocation methodologies are subject to periodic adjustment as the internal management accounting system is revised, the interest rate environment evolves, and business or product lines within the segments change. Also, because the development and application of these methodologies is a dynamic process, the financial results presented may be periodically reviewed.
The Corporation allocates net interest income using an internal FTP methodology that charges users of funds (assets, primarily loans) and credits providers of funds (liabilities, primarily deposits) based on the maturity, prepayment and/or re-pricing characteristics of the assets and liabilities. The net effect of this allocation is offset in the Risk Management and Shared Services segment to ensure consolidated totals reflect the Corporation's net interest income. The net FTP allocation is reflected as net intersegment interest income (expense) in the accompanying tables.
The provision for credit losses is allocated to segments based on the expected long-term annual net charge off rates attributable to the credit risk of loans managed by the segment during the period. In contrast, the level of the consolidated provision for credit losses is determined based on an ACLL model using the methodologies described in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The net effect of the credit provision is recorded in Risk Management and Shared Services. Indirect expenses incurred by certain centralized support areas are allocated to segments based on actual usage (for example, volume measurements) and other criteria. Certain types of administrative expense and bank-wide expense accruals (including, when applicable, amortization of CDIs and other intangible assets associated with acquisitions, acquisition-related costs, and asset gains on disposed business units) are generally not allocated to segments. Income taxes are allocated to segments based on the Corporation’s estimated effective tax rate, with certain segments adjusted for any tax-exempt income or non-deductible expenses. Equity is allocated to the segments based on regulatory capital requirements and in proportion to an assessment of the inherent risks associated with the business of the segment (including interest, credit and operating risk).
A brief description of each business segment is presented below. A more in-depth discussion of these segments can be found in the Segment Reporting note in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment serves a wide range of customers including larger businesses, developers, not-for-profits, municipalities, and financial institutions by providing lending and deposit solutions as well as the support to deliver, fund, and manage such banking solutions. In addition, this segment provides a variety of investment, fiduciary, and retirement planning products and services to individuals and small to mid-sized businesses. The Community, Consumer, and Business segment serves individuals, as well as small and mid-sized businesses, by providing lending and deposit solutions. The Risk Management and Shared Services segment includes key shared operational functions and also includes residual revenue and expenses, representing the difference between actual amounts incurred and the amounts allocated to operating segments, including interest rate risk residuals (FTP mismatches) and credit risk and provision residuals (long-term credit charge mismatches).
45


Information about the Corporation’s segments is presented below:
Corporate and Commercial Specialty
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net interest income $ 251,196  $ 240,542  $ 494,127  $ 459,665 
Net intersegment interest (expense) (99,238) (100,711) (192,974) (181,691)
Segment net interest income 151,958  139,832  301,153  277,975 
Noninterest income 35,131  32,451  69,553  65,168 
Total revenue 187,089  172,282  370,707  343,143 
Provision for credit losses 16,492  13,674  31,920  27,456 
Noninterest expense 65,394  61,137  131,744  123,256 
Income before income taxes 105,204  97,471  207,042  192,431 
Income tax expense 17,765  17,086  38,846  34,811 
Net income $ 87,438  $ 80,385  $ 168,196  $ 157,619 
Allocated goodwill $ 525,836  $ 525,836 
Community, Consumer, and Business
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net interest income $ 57,808  $ 72,460  $ 116,000  $ 152,744 
Net intersegment interest income 135,332  105,841  265,491  193,920 
Segment net interest income 193,140  178,301  381,491  346,664 
Noninterest income 25,418  30,252  49,912  56,199 
Total revenue 218,559  208,554  431,404  402,863 
Provision for credit losses 5,591  7,328  12,416  14,086 
Noninterest expense 107,565  108,928  218,055  220,663 
Income before income taxes 105,403  92,298  200,933  168,114 
Income tax expense 22,134  19,383  42,196  35,304 
Net income $ 83,268  $ 72,915  $ 158,737  $ 132,810 
Allocated goodwill $ 579,156  $ 579,156 
  Risk Management and Shared Services
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net interest (loss) $ (52,411) $ (55,085) $ (95,677) $ (80,483)
Net intersegment (expense) (36,095) (5,130) (72,517) (12,229)
Segment net interest (loss) (88,506) (60,216) (168,194) (92,712)
Noninterest income 4,610  2,840  10,678  6,249 
Total revenue (83,896) (57,376) (157,515) (86,463)
Provision for credit losses 925  1,097  2,672  (1,471)
Noninterest expense 22,902  20,609  43,719  34,167 
(Loss) before income taxes (107,722) (79,082) (203,906) (119,159)
Income tax (benefit) (52,589) (12,935) (73,716) (19,243)
Net (loss) $ (55,133) $ (66,146) $ (130,191) $ (99,916)
Allocated goodwill $ —  $ — 
46


Consolidated Total
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net interest income $ 256,593  $ 257,917  $ 514,451  $ 531,927 
Net intersegment interest income —  —  —  — 
Segment net interest income 256,593  257,917  514,451  531,927 
Noninterest income 65,159  65,543  130,144  127,616 
Total revenue 321,752  323,460  644,595  659,543 
Provision for credit losses 23,008  22,100  47,009  40,071 
Noninterest expense 195,861  190,673  393,518  378,086 
Income before income taxes 102,884  110,687  204,068  241,386 
Income tax (benefit) expense (12,689) 23,533  7,326  50,873 
Net income $ 115,573  $ 87,154  $ 196,742  $ 190,514 
Allocated goodwill $ 1,104,992  $ 1,104,992 
Note 15 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following tables summarize the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at June 30, 2024 and 2023, including changes during the preceding three and six month periods as well as any reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
($ in thousands) AFS Investment
Securities
Cash Flow Hedge Derivatives Defined Benefit
Pension and
Postretirement
Obligations
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Balance December 31, 2023
$ (148,641) $ 3,080  $ (25,535) $ (171,096)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications (41,014) —  —  (41,014)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
Investment securities losses, net 197  —  —  197 
HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost(a)
4,182  —  —  4,182 
Other assets / accrued expenses and other liabilities —  (26,248) —  (26,248)
Interest income —  9,592  —  9,592 
Personnel expense —  —  (144) (144)
Other expense —  —  (14) (14)
Income tax benefit (expense) 9,138  (2,192) (1,614) 5,333 
Net other comprehensive (loss) during period (27,498) (18,848) (1,772) (48,117)
Balance June 30, 2024 $ (176,139) $ (15,768) $ (27,307) $ (219,214)
Balance December 31, 2022
$ (233,192) $ 3,360  $ (42,968) $ (272,799)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications (12,588) —  —  (12,588)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss):
HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost(a)
4,556  —  —  4,556 
Other assets / accrued expenses and other liabilities —  (20,384) —  (20,384)
Interest income —  4,581  —  4,581 
Personnel expense —  —  (163) (163)
Other expense —  —  22  22 
Income tax benefit 1,951  3,173  5,132 
Net other comprehensive (loss) during period (6,081) (12,630) (132) (18,843)
Balance June 30, 2023 $ (239,273) $ (9,270) $ (43,099) $ (291,642)
(a) Amortization of net unrealized losses on AFS securities transferred to HTM securities.
47


($ in thousands) AFS Investment
Securities
Cash Flow Hedge Derivatives Defined Benefit
Pension and
Postretirement
Obligations
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Balance March 31, 2024
$ (169,388) $ (13,246) $ (27,247) $ (209,881)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications (11,126) —  —  (11,126)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss):
HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost(a)
2,122  —  —  2,122 
Other assets / accrued expenses and other liabilities —  (6,787) —  (6,787)
Interest income —  4,769  —  4,769 
Personnel expense —  —  (73) (73)
Other expense —  —  (7) (7)
Income tax benefit (expense) 2,253  (503) 20  1,769 
Net other comprehensive (loss) during period (6,751) (2,522) (60) (9,333)
Balance June 30, 2024 $ (176,139) $ (15,768) $ (27,307) $ (219,214)
Balance March 31, 2023 $ (204,339) $ 13,691  $ (42,940) $ (233,588)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications (49,066) —  —  (49,066)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost(a)
2,289  —  —  2,289 
Other assets / accrued expenses and other liabilities —  (34,147) —  (34,147)
Interest income —  3,319  —  3,319 
Personnel expense —  —  (81) (81)
Other expense —  —  (7) (7)
Income tax benefit (expense) 11,843  7,867  (71) 19,639 
Net other comprehensive (loss) during period (34,934) (22,961) (159) (58,054)
Balance June 30, 2023 $ (239,273) $ (9,270) $ (43,099) $ (291,642)
(a) Amortization of net unrealized losses on AFS securities transferred to HTM securities.
Note 16 Leases
The Corporation has operating leases for retail and corporate offices, land, and equipment. The Corporation also has a finance lease for retail and corporate offices.
These leases have original terms of 1 year or longer with remaining maturities up to 38 years, some of which include options to extend the lease term. An analysis of the lease options has been completed and any purchase options or optional periods that the Corporation is reasonably likely to extend have been included in the capitalization.
The discount rate used to capitalize the operating leases is the Corporation's FHLB borrowing rate on the date of lease commencement. When determining the rate to discount specific lease obligations, the repayment period and term are considered.
Operating and finance lease costs and cash flows resulting from these leases are presented below:
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Operating lease costs $ 1,551  $ 1,479  $ 3,096  $ 2,942 
Finance lease costs 23  23  46  46 
Operating lease cash flows 1,592  1,698  3,436  3,526 
Finance lease cash flows 23  23  46  46 
The right-of-use asset and lease liability by lease classifications on the consolidated balance sheets were as follows:
($ in thousands) Consolidated Balance Sheets Category Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Operating lease right-of-use asset Premises and equipment $ 26,213  $ 24,712 
Finance lease right-of-use asset Other assets 325  368 
Operating lease liability Accrued expenses and other liabilities 28,675  27,311 
Finance lease liability Other long-term funding 339  383 
48


The lease payment obligations, weighted-average remaining lease term, and weighted-average original discount rate were as follows:
Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
($ in thousands) Lease Payments Weighted-average Lease Term (in years) Weighted-average Discount Rate Lease Payments Weighted-average Lease Term (in years) Weighted-average Discount Rate
Operating leases
Retail and corporate offices $ 28,130  6.10 3.47  % $ 25,729  5.76 3.12  %
Land 3,640  6.77 3.50  % 4,050  6.98 3.48  %
Equipment 408  2.00 4.62  % 408  2.50 4.62  %
Total operating leases $ 32,178  6.12 3.49  % $ 30,187  5.88 3.19  %
Finance leases
Retail and corporate offices $ 347  3.75 1.32  % $ 394  4.25 1.32  %
Total finance leases $ 347  3.75 1.32  % $ 394  4.25 1.32  %
Contractual lease payment obligations for each of the next five years and thereafter, in addition to a reconciliation to the Corporation’s lease liability, were as follows:
($ in thousands) Operating Leases Finance Leases Total Leases
Six months ended December 31, 2024 $ 3,309  $ 46  $ 3,356 
2025 6,293  93  6,386 
2026 5,712  93  5,805 
2027 5,002  93  5,095 
2028 4,118  23  4,142 
Beyond 2028 7,743  —  7,743 
Total lease payments $ 32,178  $ 347  $ 32,526 
Less: interest 3,503  3,512 
Present value of lease payments $ 28,675  $ 339  $ 29,014 
As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, additional operating leases, primarily retail and corporate offices, that had not yet commenced totaled $4 million and $3 million, respectively. The leases that had not yet commenced as of June 30, 2024 will commence between July 2024 and April 2025 with lease terms of 1 year to 7 years.
49


ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains statements that may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe-harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, such as statements other than historical facts contained or incorporated by reference into this report. These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to the Corporation’s financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business, including statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “believes,” “expects,” or “anticipates,” references to estimates or similar expressions. Future filings by the Corporation with the SEC, and future statements other than historical facts contained in written material, press releases and oral statements issued by, or on behalf of the Corporation may also constitute forward-looking statements.
All forward-looking statements contained in this report or which may be contained in future statements made for or on behalf of the Corporation are based upon information available at the time the statement is made and the Corporation assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by federal securities law. Forward-looking statements are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, and the Corporation’s actual results may differ materially from the expected results discussed in such forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause actual results to differ from the results discussed in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the risk factors in Item 1A, Risk Factors, in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and as may be described from time to time in the Corporation’s subsequent SEC filings.
Overview
The following discussion and analysis is presented to assist in the understanding and evaluation of the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations. It is intended to complement the unaudited consolidated financial statements, footnotes, and supplemental financial data appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction therewith. Management continually evaluates strategic acquisition opportunities and various other strategic alternatives that could involve the sale or acquisition of branches or other assets, or the consolidation or creation of subsidiaries. Within the tables presented, certain columns and rows may not sum due to the use of rounded numbers for disclosure purposes.
Performance Summary
•Average loans of $29.5 billion increased $331 million, or 1%, from the first six months of 2023, driven primarily by increases in auto finance and commercial lending, partially offset by a decrease in residential mortgage lending.
•Average deposits of $32.9 billion increased $2.4 billion, or 8%, from the first six months of 2023, driven primarily by an increase in time deposits, partially offset by decreases in noninterest-bearing demand deposits and money market deposits.
•Net interest income of $514 million decreased $17 million, or 3%, from the first six months of 2023, and net interest margin was 2.77%, compared to 2.93% for the first six months of 2023. The decreases in net interest income and net interest margin were driven by increases in interest bearing liabilities outpacing the increase in earning assets and higher costs associated with those interest bearing liabilities.
•Provision for credit losses was $47 million, compared to a provision of $40 million for the first six months of 2023, driven by nominal credit movement coupled with general macroeconomic trends.
•Noninterest income of $130 million increased $3 million, or 2%, from the first six months of 2023, driven by an increase in investment securities gains (losses), net primarily as a result of the sale of the Corporation's remaining Visa B shares in the first quarter of 2024, higher wealth management fees, and an increase in bank and corporate owned life insurance claims. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in mortgage banking, net, as a result of net valuation adjustments of the MSRs asset.
•Noninterest expense of $394 million increased $15 million, or 4%, from the first six months of 2023, primarily driven by increases in personnel, technology, and FDIC assessment expense, the latter due to the special assessment, partially offset by a decrease in other expense.
50


Table 1 Summary Results of Operations: Trends
Six months ended Three months ended
($ in thousands, except per share data) Jun 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023
Net income (loss) $ 196,742  $ 190,514  $ 115,573  $ 81,169  $ (90,806) $ 83,248  $ 87,154 
Net income (loss) available to common equity 190,992  184,764  112,698  78,294  (93,681) 80,373  84,279 
Earnings (loss) per common share - basic 1.27  1.23  0.75  0.52  (0.63) 0.53  0.56 
Earnings (loss) per common share - diluted 1.26  1.22  0.74  0.52  (0.62) 0.53  0.56 
Effective tax rate 3.59  % 21.08  % (12.33) % 19.78  % N/M 18.92  % 21.26  %
51

Income Statement Analysis
Net Interest Income
Table 2 Net Interest Income Analysis
  Six Months Ended Jun 30,
  2024 2023
 ($ in thousands)
Average
Balance
Interest
Income /
Expense
Average
Yield /
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Income /
Expense
Average
Yield /
Rate
Assets
Earning assets
Loans(a)(b)(c)
Commercial and business lending $ 10,913,741  $ 392,281  7.23% $ 10,758,464  $ 351,254  6.58%
Commercial real estate lending 7,319,867  273,053  7.50% 7,273,402  247,054  6.85%
Total commercial 18,233,608  665,334  7.34% 18,031,866  598,308  6.69%
Residential mortgage 7,965,375  138,120  3.47% 8,643,335  142,767  3.30%
Auto finance 2,448,914  67,624  5.55% 1,572,773  36,159  4.64%
Other retail 826,396  41,221  10.00% 895,720  38,629  8.65%
Total loans 29,474,293  912,299  6.22% 29,143,694  815,864  5.64%
Investment securities
Taxable 5,598,890  97,206  3.47% 5,109,481  65,987  2.58%
Tax-exempt(a)
2,124,763  35,920  3.38% 2,322,132  40,344  3.47%
Other short-term investments 598,888  17,615  5.91% 502,325  11,415  4.58%
Investments and other 8,322,541  150,741  3.62% 7,933,938  117,746  2.97%
Total earning assets 37,796,834  $ 1,063,040  5.65% 37,077,632  $ 933,610  5.06%
Other assets, net 3,135,876  3,007,684 
Total assets $ 40,932,710  $ 40,085,316 
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits
Savings $ 5,030,859  $ 43,719  1.75% $ 4,707,451  $ 25,019  1.07%
Interest-bearing demand 7,377,870  98,099  2.67% 6,738,715  64,880  1.94%
Money market 6,055,804  93,698  3.11% 7,137,912  85,167  2.41%
Network transaction deposits 1,623,625  43,621  5.40% 1,308,434  31,252  4.82%
Time deposits 7,062,989  168,156  4.79% 3,681,352  65,301  3.58%
Total interest-bearing deposits 27,151,147  447,293  3.31% 23,573,864  271,618  2.32%
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase 238,950  5,166  4.35% 357,369  5,404  3.05%
Other short-term funding 503,602  12,646  5.05% 14,745  0.01%
FHLB advances 1,986,221  55,814  5.65% 4,024,052  99,222  4.97%
Long-term funding 536,388  20,154  7.51% 475,961  15,876  6.67%
Total short and long-term funding 3,265,160  93,780  5.77% 4,872,128  120,503  4.98%
Total interest-bearing liabilities 30,416,308  $ 541,073  3.58% 28,445,992  $ 392,121  2.78%
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits 5,797,084  7,003,151 
Other liabilities 545,526  540,457 
Stockholders’ equity 4,173,793  4,095,717 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 40,932,710  $ 40,085,316 
Interest rate spread 2.07% 2.28%
Net free funds 0.70% 0.65%
Fully tax-equivalent net interest income and net interest margin $ 521,967  2.77% $ 541,490  2.93%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment 7,516  9,563 
Net interest income $ 514,451  $ 531,927 
(a) The yield on tax-exempt loans and securities is computed on a fully tax-equivalent basis using a tax rate of 21% and is net of the effects of certain disallowed interest deductions.
(b) Nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale have been included in the average balances.
(c) Interest income includes amortization of net deferred loan origination costs and net accreted purchase loan discount.
52

Table 2 Net Interest Income Analysis
  Three Months Ended,
  Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Jun 30, 2023
 ($ in thousands) Average
Balance
Interest
Income /
Expense
Average
Yield /
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Income /
Expense
Average
Yield /
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Income /
Expense
Average
Yield /
Rate
Assets
Earning assets
Loans(a)(b)(c)
Commercial and business lending $ 11,011,228  $ 198,191  7.24% $ 10,816,255  $ 194,090  7.22% $ 10,899,337  $ 184,080  6.77%
Commercial real estate lending 7,249,773  134,203  7.45% 7,389,962  138,850  7.56% 7,295,367  127,967  7.04%
Total commercial 18,261,000  332,394  7.32% 18,206,217  332,940  7.35% 18,194,703  312,047  6.88%
Residential mortgage 7,905,236  69,389  3.51% 7,896,956  68,787  3.48% 8,701,496  72,056  3.31%
Auto finance 2,524,107  35,021  5.58% 2,373,720  32,603  5.52% 1,654,523  19,701  4.78%
Other retail 889,220  20,504  9.24% 892,128  20,661  9.28% 887,574  20,135  9.08%
Total loans 29,579,564  457,307  6.21% 29,369,022  454,991  6.22% 29,438,297  423,939  5.77%
Investment securities
Taxable 5,680,757  50,479  3.55% 5,517,023  46,727  3.39% 5,304,381  35,845  2.70%
Tax-exempt(a)
2,116,174  17,896  3.38% 2,133,352  18,024  3.38% 2,314,825  20,152  3.48%
Other short-term investments 620,943  9,304  6.03% 576,782  8,311  5.80% 511,487  6,086  4.77%
Investments and other 8,417,874  77,680  3.69% 8,227,158  73,062  3.55% 8,130,693  62,083  3.05%
Total earning assets 37,997,438  $ 534,987  5.65% 37,596,179  $ 528,053  5.64% 37,568,991  $ 486,022  5.18%
Other assets, net 3,103,168  3,173,027  2,989,321 
Total assets $ 41,100,606  $ 40,769,206  $ 40,558,311 
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits
Savings $ 5,133,688  $ 21,972  1.72% $ 4,928,031  $ 21,747  1.77% $ 4,749,808  $ 15,160  1.28%
Interest-bearing demand 7,265,621  48,109  2.66% 7,490,119  49,990  2.68% 6,663,775  34,961  2.10%
Money market 5,995,005  46,391  3.11% 6,116,604  47,306  3.11% 6,743,810  43,529  2.59%
Network transaction deposits 1,595,312  21,416  5.40% 1,651,937  22,205  5.41% 1,468,006  18,426  5.03%
Time deposits 6,927,663  83,173  4.83% 7,198,315  84,983  4.75% 4,985,949  50,119  4.03%
Total interest-bearing deposits 26,917,289  221,062  3.30% 27,385,005  226,231  3.32% 24,611,348  162,196  2.64%
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase 213,921  2,303  4.33% 263,979  2,863  4.36% 285,754  2,261  3.17%
Other short-term funding 561,596  7,044  5.04% 449,999  5,603  5.01% 12,179  —  0.01%
FHLB advances 2,432,195  34,143  5.65% 1,540,247  21,671  5.66% 3,796,106  49,261  5.20%
Long-term funding 533,670  10,096  7.57% 539,106  10,058  7.46% 543,003  9,596  7.07%
Total short and long-term funding 3,741,381  53,586  5.75% 2,793,331  40,194  5.78% 4,637,042  61,118  5.28%
Total interest-bearing liabilities 30,658,670  $ 274,648  3.60% 30,178,337  $ 266,425  3.55% 29,248,389  $ 223,314  3.06%
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits 5,712,115  5,882,052  6,669,787 
Other liabilities 563,616  527,437  511,074 
Stockholders’ equity 4,166,204  4,181,381  4,129,061 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 41,100,606  $ 40,769,206  $ 40,558,311 
Interest rate spread 2.05% 2.09% 2.12%
Net free funds 0.70% 0.70% 0.68%
Fully tax-equivalent net interest income and net interest margin $ 260,340  2.75% $ 261,628  2.79% $ 262,708  2.80%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment 3,747  3,770  4,791 
Net interest income $ 256,593  $ 257,858  $ 257,917 

(a) The yield on tax-exempt loans and securities is computed on a fully tax-equivalent basis using a tax rate of 21% and is net of the effects of certain disallowed interest deductions.
(b) Nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale have been included in the average balances.
(c) Interest income includes amortization of net deferred loan origination costs and net accreted purchase loan discount.



53

Notable Contributions to the Change in Net Interest Income
•Fully tax-equivalent net interest income and net interest income were $20 million, or 4%, and $17 million, or 3%, lower than the first six months of 2023, respectively. Since June 30, 2023, the Federal Reserve increased the federal funds target interest rate 25 bp, which, in combination with the full impact of rate increases during the first six months of 2023 affecting 2024, contributed to the yield on earning assets increasing by 59 bp and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities increasing 80 bp from the first six months of 2023. See sections Interest Rate Risk and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk for a discussion of interest rate risk and market risk.
•Average loans increased $331 million, or 1%, from the first six months of 2023, and average investments and other short-term investments increased $389 million, or 5%, from the first six months of 2023.
•    Average interest-bearing liabilities increased $2.0 billion, or 7%, compared to the first six months of 2023. Average interest-bearing deposits increased $3.6 billion, or 15%, from the first six months of 2023, primarily driven by increases in time deposits, interest-bearing demand deposits, savings deposits, and network transaction deposits, partially offset by a decrease in money market deposits. Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits decreased $1.2 billion, or 17%, versus the first six months of 2023. Average FHLB advances decreased $2.0 billion, or 51%, from the first six months of 2023, partially offset by an increase in other short-term funding related to the utilization of the BTFP.
Provision for Credit Losses
The provision for credit losses is predominantly a function of the Corporation’s reserving methodology and judgments as to other qualitative and quantitative factors used to determine the appropriate level of the ACLL, which focuses on changes in the size and character of the loan portfolio, changes in levels of individually evaluated and other nonaccrual loans, historical losses and delinquencies in each portfolio category, the risk inherent in specific loans, concentrations of loans to specific borrowers or industries, existing economic conditions and economic forecasts, the fair value of underlying collateral, and other factors which could affect potential credit losses. The forecast the Corporation used for June 30, 2024 was the Moody's baseline scenario from May 2024, which was reviewed against the June 2024 baseline scenario with no material updates made, over a two year reasonable and supportable period with straight-line reversion to historical losses over the second year of the period. See additional discussion under the sections titled Loans, Credit Risk, Nonperforming Assets, and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans.
Noninterest Income
Table 3 Noninterest Income
Six months ended Three months ended Changes vs
($ in thousands, except as noted) Jun 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2023 YTD % Change Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2024 Jun 30, 2023
Wealth management fees $ 44,323  $ 40,672  % $ 22,628  $ 21,694  $ 21,003  $ 20,828  $ 20,483  % 10  %
Service charges and deposit account fees 24,702  25,366  (3) % 12,263  12,439  10,815  12,864  12,372  (1) % (1) %
Card-based fees 23,242  21,982  % 11,975  11,267  11,528  11,510  11,396  % %
Other fee-based revenue 9,259  8,740  % 4,857  4,402  4,019  4,509  4,465  10  % %
Total fee-based revenue 101,525  96,760  % 51,723  49,802  47,365  49,710  48,715  % %
Capital markets, net 8,735  10,176  (14) % 4,685  4,050  9,106  5,368  5,093  16  % (8) %
Mortgage banking, net 5,166  11,313  (54) % 2,505  2,662  1,615  6,501  7,768  (6) % (68) %
Loss on mortgage portfolio sale —  —  N/M —  —  (136,239) —  —  N/M N/M
Bank and corporate owned life insurance 7,154  4,835  48  % 4,584  2,570  3,383  2,047  2,172  78  % 111  %
Other 4,549  4,501  % 2,222  2,327  2,850  2,339  2,080  (5) % %
Subtotal 127,131  127,586  —  % 65,719  61,411  (71,919) 65,965  65,827  % —  %
Asset gains (losses), net (933) (35) N/M (627) (306) (136) 625  (299) 105  % 110  %
Investment securities gains (losses), net 3,947  66  N/M 67  3,879  (58,958) (11) 14  (98) % N/M
Total noninterest income (loss) $ 130,144  $ 127,616  % $ 65,159  $ 64,985  $ (131,013) $ 66,579  $ 65,543  —  % (1) %
Mortgage loans originated for sale during period $ 274,358  $ 168,395  63  % $ 168,964  $ 105,394  $ 112,365  $ 115,075  $ 99,141  60  % 70  %
Mortgage loan settlements during period 228,732  151,167  51  % 137,706  91,026  957,450  103,452  96,514  51  % 43  %
Assets under management, at market value(a)
14,304  14,171  13,545  12,543  12,995  % 10  %
N/M = Not Meaningful
(a) $ in millions. Excludes assets held in brokerage accounts.
54

Notable Contributions to the Change in Noninterest Income
•Wealth management fees increased $4 million from the first six months of 2023, mainly driven by increased assets under management.
•Mortgage banking, net decreased $6 million from the first six months of 2023, mainly driven by net valuation adjustments of the MSRs asset.
•Bank and corporate owned life insurance increased $2 million from the first six months of 2023, primarily driven by an increase in claims.
•Investment securities gains (losses), net increased $4 million from the first six months of 2023, as a result of the sale of the Corporation's remaining Visa B shares.
Noninterest Expense
Table 4 Noninterest Expense
Six months ended Three months ended Change vs
($ in thousands) Jun 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2023 YTD % Change Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2024 Jun 30, 2023
Personnel $ 240,976  $ 230,510  % $ 121,581  $ 119,395  $ 120,686  $ 117,159  $ 114,089  % %
Technology 53,362  47,818  12  % 27,161  26,200  28,027  26,172  24,220  % 12  %
Occupancy 26,761  28,650  (7) % 13,128  13,633  14,429  14,125  13,587  (4) % (3) %
Business development and advertising 14,052  12,955  % 7,535  6,517  8,350  7,100  7,106  16  % %
Equipment 9,049  9,906  (9) % 4,450  4,599  4,742  5,016  4,975  (3) % (11) %
Legal and professional 9,101  8,688  % 4,429  4,672  6,762  4,461  4,831  (5) % (8) %
Loan and foreclosure costs 3,771  2,773  36  % 1,793  1,979  585  2,049  1,635  (9) % 10  %
FDIC assessment 21,077  16,425  28  % 7,131  13,946  41,497  9,150  9,550  (49) % (25) %
Other intangible amortization 4,405  4,405  —  % 2,203  2,203  2,203  2,203  2,203  —  % —  %
Other 10,963  15,955  (31) % 6,450  4,513  12,110  8,771  8,476  43  % (24) %
Total noninterest expense $ 393,518  $ 378,086  % $ 195,861  $ 197,657  $ 239,391  $ 196,205  $ 190,673  (1) % %
Average FTEs(a)
4,048  4,223  (4) % 4,025  4,070  4,130  4,220  4,227  (1) % (5) %

(a) Average FTEs without overtime
Notable Contributions to the Change in Noninterest Expense
•Personnel expense increased $10 million from the first six months of 2023, primarily driven by increases in salary and incentive expense along with an increase in health insurance expense.
•Technology expense increased $6 million from the first six months of 2023, driven by digital investments tied to our strategic initiatives.
•FDIC expense increased $5 million from the first six months of 2023, primarily driven by the special assessment applied to the Bank relating to the FDIC's increased estimated loss attributable to the protection of depositors at Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank.
Income Taxes
The Corporation records income tax expense during interim periods based on the best estimate of the full year's effective tax rate as adjusted for discrete items, if any, taken into account in the relevant interim period. Each quarter, the Corporation updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate and the effect of any change in the estimated rate is recorded on a cumulative basis. The Corporation recognized income tax expense of $7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to income tax expense of $51 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The Corporation's effective tax rate from continuing operations was 3.59% and 21.08% for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The decreases in income tax expense and lower effective tax rate during the first six months of 2024 were primarily due to the planned strategic reallocation of the investment portfolio and the 2024 adoption of a legal entity rationalization plan which results in the recognition of deferred tax benefits of approximately $33 million.
Income tax expense recorded on the consolidated statements of income involves the interpretation and application of certain accounting pronouncements and federal and state tax laws and regulations. The Corporation is subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Examination by taxing authorities may impact the amount of tax expense and/or the reserve for uncertainty in income taxes if their interpretations differ from those of management, based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examinations.
55

Balance Sheet Analysis
•At June 30, 2024, total assets were $41.6 billion, up $608 million, or 1%, from December 31, 2023, and up $404 million, or 1%, from June 30, 2023.
•Interest bearing deposits in other financial institutions were $485 million at June 30, 2024, up $60 million, or 14%, from December 31, 2023, and up $294 million, or 154%, from June 30, 2023.
•AFS investment securities, at fair value were $3.9 billion at June 30, 2024, up $312 million, or 9%, from December 31, 2023, and up $408 million, or 12%, from June 30, 2023. HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost were $3.8 billion at June 30, 2024, down $61 million, or 2%, from December 31, 2023, and down $140 million, or 4%, from June 30, 2023. See Note 5 Investment Securities of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional details.
•Loans of $29.6 billion at June 30, 2024 were up $402 million, or 1%, from December 31, 2023, and down $231 million, or 1%, from June 30, 2023. See Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional details.
•At June 30, 2024, total deposits of $32.7 billion were down $755 million, or 2%, from December 31, 2023, and were up $677 million, or 2%, from June 30, 2023. See section Deposits and Customer Funding for additional information on deposits.
•FHLB advances were $2.7 billion at June 30, 2024, up $733 million, or 38%, from December 31, 2023, and down $958 million, or 26%, from June 30, 2023. See Note 8 Short and Long-Term Funding of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional details.
Loans
Table 5 Period End Loan Composition
  Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023
 ($ in thousands) Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Commercial and industrial $ 9,970,412  34  % $ 9,858,329  33  % $ 9,731,555  33  % $ 10,099,068  33  % $ 10,055,487  34  %
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 1,102,146  % 1,095,894  % 1,061,700  % 1,054,969  % 1,058,237  %
Commercial and business lending 11,072,558  37  % 10,954,223  37  % 10,793,255  37  % 11,154,037  37  % 11,113,724  37  %
Commercial real estate — investor 5,001,392  17  % 5,035,195  17  % 5,124,245  18  % 5,218,980  17  % 5,312,928  18  %
Real estate construction 2,255,637  % 2,287,041  % 2,271,398  % 2,130,719  % 2,009,060  %
Commercial real estate lending 7,257,029  25  % 7,322,237  25  % 7,395,644  25  % 7,349,699  24  % 7,321,988  25  %
Total commercial 18,329,587  62  % 18,276,460  62  % 18,188,898  62  % 18,503,736  61  % 18,435,711  62  %
Residential mortgage 7,840,073  26  % 7,868,180  27  % 7,864,891  27  % 8,782,645  29  % 8,746,345  29  %
Auto finance 2,556,009  % 2,471,257  % 2,256,162  % 2,007,164  % 1,777,974  %
Home equity 634,142  % 619,764  % 628,526  % 623,650  % 615,506  %
Other consumer 258,460  % 258,603  % 277,740  % 275,993  % 273,367  %
Total consumer 11,288,684  38  % 11,217,802  38  % 11,027,319  38  % 11,689,451  39  % 11,413,193  38  %
Total loans $ 29,618,271  100  % $ 29,494,263  100  % $ 29,216,218  100  % $ 30,193,187  100  % $ 29,848,904  100  %
The Corporation has long-term guidelines relative to the proportion of Commercial and Business, CRE, and Consumer loan commitments within the overall loan portfolio, with each targeted to represent 30 to 40% of the overall loan portfolio. The targeted long-term guidelines were unchanged during 2023 and the first six months of 2024. Furthermore, certain sub-asset classes within the respective portfolios are further defined and dollar limitations are placed on these sub-portfolios. These guidelines and limits are reviewed quarterly and approved annually by the Enterprise Risk Committee of the Corporation’s Board of Directors. These guidelines and limits are designed to create balance and diversification within the loan portfolios.
56

The Corporation’s loan distribution and interest rate sensitivity as of June 30, 2024 are summarized in the following table:
Table 6 Loan Distribution and Interest Rate Sensitivity
($ in thousands)
Within 1 Year(a)
1-5 Years 5-15 Years Over 15 Years Total % of Total
Commercial and industrial $ 8,897,907  $ 745,656  $ 326,337  $ 513  $ 9,970,412  34  %
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 697,188  289,722  115,235  —  1,102,146  %
Commercial real estate — investor 4,652,664  288,354  60,374  —  5,001,392  17  %
Real estate construction 2,214,292  31,938  1,703  7,705  2,255,637  %
Commercial - adjustable 11,434,705  42,714  3,507  —  11,480,926  39  %
Commercial - fixed 5,027,346  1,312,957  500,141  8,218  6,848,661  23  %
Residential mortgage - adjustable 196,506  667,119  1,501,442  293  2,365,360  %
Residential mortgage - fixed 5,238  67,677  479,672  4,922,126  5,474,713  18  %
Auto finance 1,089  1,219,249  1,335,672  —  2,556,009  %
Home equity 583,195  9,445  32,434  9,069  634,142  %
Other consumer 198,831  30,816  18,581  10,232  258,460  %
Total loans $ 17,446,909  $ 3,349,976  $ 3,871,448  $ 4,949,938  $ 29,618,271  100  %
Fixed-rate $ 5,042,951  $ 2,638,785  $ 2,366,499  $ 4,949,645  $ 14,997,881  51  %
Floating or adjustable rate 12,403,958  711,191  1,504,948  293  14,620,390  49  %
Total $ 17,446,909  $ 3,349,976  $ 3,871,448  $ 4,949,938  $ 29,618,271  100  %
(a) Demand loans, past due loans, overdrafts, and credit cards are reported in the “Within 1 Year” category.
At June 30, 2024, $19.7 billion, or 66%, of the loans outstanding and $16.5 billion, or 90%, of the commercial loans outstanding were floating rate, adjustable rate, re-pricing within one year, or maturing within one year.
Credit Risk
An active credit risk management process is used for commercial loans to ensure that sound and consistent credit decisions are made. Credit risk is controlled by detailed underwriting procedures, comprehensive loan administration, and periodic review of borrowers’ outstanding loans and commitments. Borrower relationships are formally reviewed and graded on an ongoing basis for early identification of potential problems. Further analysis by customer, industry, and geographic location are performed to monitor trends, financial performance, and concentrations. See Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on managing overall credit quality.
The loan portfolio is widely diversified by types of borrowers, industry groups, and market areas primarily within the Corporation's lending footprint. Significant loan concentrations are considered to exist when there are amounts loaned to numerous borrowers engaged in similar activities that would cause them to be similarly impacted by economic or other conditions. At June 30, 2024, no significant concentrations existed in the Corporation’s portfolio in excess of 10% of total loan exposure.
Commercial and business lending: The commercial and business lending classification primarily includes commercial loans to large corporations, middle market companies, small businesses, and asset-based and equipment financing.
Table 7 Largest Commercial and Industrial Industry Group Exposures, by NAICS Subsector
Jun 30, 2024 NAICS Subsector Outstanding Balance Total Exposure % of Total Loan Exposure
($ in thousands)
Real Estate(a)
531 $ 1,753,301  $ 3,253,850  %
Utilities(b)
221 2,472,385  3,050,382  %
Credit Intermediation and Related Activities(c)
522 893,190  1,696,208  %
Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods 423 474,475  922,305  %
(a) Includes REIT lines.
(b) 56% of the total utilities exposure comes from renewable energy sources (wind, solar, hydroelectric, and geothermal).
(c) Includes mortgage warehouse lines.
The remaining commercial and industrial portfolio is spread over a diverse range of industries, none of which exceed 2% of total loan exposure.
The CRE-owner occupied portfolio is spread over a diverse range of industries, none of which exceed 2% of total loan exposure.
The credit risk related to commercial and business lending is largely influenced by general economic conditions and the resulting impact on a borrower’s operations or on the value of underlying collateral, if any.
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Commercial real estate - investor: CRE-investor is comprised of loans secured by various non-owner occupied or investor income producing property types.
Table 8 Largest Commercial Real Estate Investor Property Type Exposures
Jun 30, 2024 % of Total Loan Exposure % of Total Commercial Real Estate - Investor Loan Exposure
Multi-Family % 34  %
Industrial % 24  %
Office % 21  %
The remaining CRE-investor portfolio is spread over various other property types, none of which exceed 2% of total loan exposure.
Credit risk is managed in a similar manner to commercial and business lending by employing sound underwriting guidelines, lending primarily to borrowers in local markets and businesses, periodically evaluating the underlying collateral, and formally reviewing the borrower’s financial soundness and relationship on an ongoing basis.
Real estate construction: Real estate construction loans are primarily short-term or interim loans that provide financing for the acquisition or development of commercial income properties, multi-family projects, or residential development, both single family and condominium. Real estate construction loans are made to developers and project managers who are generally well known to the Corporation and have prior successful project experience. The credit risk associated with real estate construction loans is generally confined to specific geographic areas but is also influenced by general economic conditions. The Corporation controls the credit risk on these types of loans by making loans in familiar markets to developers, reviewing the merits of individual projects, controlling loan structure, and monitoring project progress and construction advances.
Table 9 Largest Real Estate Construction Property Type Exposures
Jun 30, 2024 % of Total Loan Exposure % of Total Real Estate Construction Loan Exposure
Multi-Family % 49  %
Industrial % 23  %
The remaining real estate construction portfolio is spread over various other property types, none of which exceed 2% of total loan exposure.
The Corporation’s current lending standards for CRE and real estate construction lending are determined by property type and specifically address many criteria, including: maximum loan amounts, maximum LTV, requirements for pre-leasing and/or presales, minimum borrower equity, and maximum loan-to-cost. Currently, the maximum standard for LTV is 80%, with lower limits established for certain higher risk types, such as raw land that has a 50% LTV maximum. The Corporation’s LTV guidelines are in compliance with regulatory supervisory limits. In most cases, for real estate construction loans, the loan amounts include interest reserves, which are built into the loans and sized to fund loan payments through construction and lease up and/or sell out.
Residential mortgages: Residential mortgage loans are primarily first lien home mortgages with a maximum loan-to-collateral value without credit enhancement (e.g. private mortgage insurance) of 80%. The residential mortgage portfolio is focused primarily in the Corporation's three-state branch footprint, with approximately 88% of the outstanding loan balances in the Corporation's branch footprint at June 30, 2024. The rates on adjustable rate mortgages adjust based upon the movement in the underlying index which is then added to a margin and rounded to the nearest 0.125%. That result is then subjected to any periodic caps to produce the borrower's interest rate for the coming term. Most of the adjustable rate mortgages have an initial fixed rate term of 3, 5, 7 or 10 years.
The Corporation generally retains certain fixed-rate residential real estate mortgages in its loan portfolio, including retail and private banking jumbo mortgages and CRA-related mortgages. As part of management’s historical practice of originating and servicing residential mortgage loans, generally the Corporation’s 30 year, agency conforming, fixed-rate residential real estate mortgage loans have been sold in the secondary market with servicing rights retained. Subject to management’s analysis of the current interest rate environment, among other market factors, the Corporation may choose to retain mortgage loan production on its balance sheet.
The Corporation’s underwriting and risk-based pricing guidelines for residential mortgage loans include minimum borrower FICO score and maximum LTV of the property securing the loan. Residential mortgage products generally are underwritten using FHLMC and FNMA secondary marketing guidelines.
58

Home equity: Home equity consists of both home equity lines of credit and closed-end home equity loans. The Corporation’s credit risk monitoring guidelines for home equity are based on an ongoing review of loan delinquency status, as well as a quarterly review of FICO score deterioration and property devaluation. The Corporation does not routinely obtain appraisals on performing loans to update LTV ratios after origination; however, the Corporation monitors the local housing markets by reviewing the various home price indices and incorporates the impact of the changing market conditions in its ongoing credit monitoring process. For junior lien home equity loans, the Corporation is unable to track the performance of the first lien loan if it does not own or service the first lien loan. However, the Corporation obtains a refreshed FICO score on a quarterly basis and monitors this as part of its assessment of the home equity portfolio.
The Corporation’s underwriting and risk-based pricing guidelines for home equity lines of credit and loans consist of a combination of both borrower FICO score and the original cumulative LTV against the property securing the loan. Currently, the Corporation's policy sets the maximum acceptable LTV at 90%. The Corporation's current home equity line of credit offering is priced based on floating rate indices and generally allows 10 years of interest-only payments followed by a 20-year amortization of the outstanding balance. The loans in the Corporation's portfolio generally have an original term of 20 years with principal and interest payments required.
Indirect Auto: The Corporation currently purchases retail auto sales contracts via a network of approved auto dealerships across 16 states throughout the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, and Midwestern United States. The auto dealerships finance the sale of automobiles as the initial lender and then assign the contracts to the Corporation pursuant to dealer agreements. The Corporation’s underwriting and pricing guidelines are based on a dual risk grade derived from a combination of FICO auto score and proprietary internal custom score. Minimum grade and FICO score standards ensure the credit risk is appropriately managed to the Corporation’s risk appetite. Further, the grade influences loan-specific parameters such as vehicle age, term, LTV, loan amount, mileage, payment and debt service thresholds, and pricing. Maximum loan terms offered are 84 months on select grades with vehicle age, mileage, and other limitations in place to qualify. The program is designed to capture primarily prime and super prime contracts. Over time, the Corporation expects roughly 60% of originations to be secured by used vehicles.
Other consumer: Other consumer consists of student loans, short-term personal installment loans, and credit cards. Credit risk for student loans, short-term personal installment loans, and credit cards is influenced by general economic conditions, the characteristics of individual borrowers, and the nature of the loan collateral. Risks of loss are generally on smaller average balances per loan spread over many borrowers. Once charged off, there is usually less opportunity for recovery of these smaller consumer loans. Credit risk is primarily controlled by reviewing the creditworthiness of the borrowers, monitoring payment histories, and taking appropriate collateral and guarantee positions.

59

Nonperforming Assets
Management is committed to a proactive nonaccrual and problem loan identification philosophy. This philosophy is implemented through the ongoing monitoring and review of all pools of risk in the loan portfolio to ensure that problem loans are identified quickly and the risk of loss is minimized. Table 10 provides detailed information regarding NPAs, which include nonaccrual loans, OREO, and repossessed assets, and also includes information on accruing loans past due and restructured loans:
Table 10 Nonperforming Assets
 ($ in thousands) Jun 30,
2024
Mar 31,
2024
Dec 31,
2023
Sep 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2023
Nonperforming assets
Commercial and industrial $ 21,190  $ 72,243  $ 62,022  $ 74,812  $ 34,907 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied 1,851  2,090  1,394  3,936  1,444 
Commercial and business lending 23,041  74,333  63,416  78,748  36,352 
Commercial real estate — investor 48,249  18,697  —  10,882  22,068 
Real estate construction 16  18  103  125 
Commercial real estate lending 48,265  18,715  10,985  22,193 
Total commercial 71,306  93,047  63,422  89,732  58,544 
Residential mortgage 68,058  69,954  71,142  66,153  61,718 
Auto finance 6,986  7,158  5,797  4,533  3,065 
Home equity 7,996  8,100  8,508  7,917  7,788 
Other consumer 77  87  128  222  163 
Total consumer 83,117  85,299  85,574  78,826  72,733 
Total nonaccrual loans 154,423  178,346  148,997  168,558  131,278 
Commercial real estate owned 914  914  914  1,062  1,062 
Residential real estate owned 1,467  920  1,290  989  870 
Bank properties real estate owned(a)
5,944  6,603  8,301  6,400  5,643 
OREO 8,325  8,437  10,506  8,452  7,575 
Repossessed assets 671  1,241  919  658  348 
Total nonperforming assets $ 163,418  $ 188,025  $ 160,421  $ 177,668  $ 139,201 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
Commercial $ 384  $ 426  $ 19,812  $ 441  $ 366 
Consumer 1,970  1,992  1,876  1,715  1,360 
Total accruing loans past due 90 days or more $ 2,354  $ 2,417  $ 21,689  $ 2,156  $ 1,726 
Restructured loans (accruing)
Commercial $ 410  $ 377  $ 306  $ 234  $ 168 
Consumer 2,166  2,080  2,414  1,855  1,271 
Total restructured loans (accruing) $ 2,576  $ 2,457  $ 2,719  $ 2,089  $ 1,439 
Nonaccrual restructured loans (included in nonaccrual loans) $ 717  $ 1,141  $ 805  $ 961  $ 796 
Ratios
Nonaccrual loans to total loans 0.52  % 0.60  % 0.51  % 0.56  % 0.44  %
NPAs to total loans plus OREO and repossessed assets 0.55  % 0.64  % 0.55  % 0.59  % 0.47  %
NPAs to total assets 0.39  % 0.46  % 0.39  % 0.43  % 0.34  %
Allowance for credit losses on loans to nonaccrual loans 252.31  % 217.43  % 258.98  % 225.78  % 287.20  %
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Table 10 Nonperforming Assets (continued)
 ($ in thousands) Jun 30,
2024
Mar 31,
2024
Dec 31,
2023
Sep 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2023
Accruing loans 30-89 days past due
Commercial and industrial $ 2,052  $ 521  $ 5,565  $ 1,507  $ 12,005 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied —  —  358  1,877  1,484 
Commercial and business lending 2,052  521  5,923  3,384  13,489 
Commercial real estate — investor 1,023  19,164  18,697  10,121  — 
Real estate construction —  1,260  —  10  76 
Commercial real estate lending 1,023  20,424  18,697  10,131  76 
Total commercial 3,075  20,945  24,619  13,515  13,565 
Residential mortgage 10,374  9,903  13,446  11,652  8,961 
Auto finance 15,814  12,521  17,386  16,688  11,429 
Home equity 3,694  2,819  4,208  3,687  4,030 
Other consumer 1,995  2,260  2,166  1,880  2,025 
Total consumer 31,877  27,503  37,205  33,908  26,444 
Total accruing loans 30-89 days past due $ 34,952  $ 48,448  $ 61,825  $ 47,422  $ 40,008 
(a) Primarily closed branches and other bank operated real estate facilities, pending disposition.
Nonaccrual loans: Nonaccrual loans are considered to be one indicator of potential future loan losses. See Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional nonaccrual loan disclosures. See also sections Credit Risk and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans.
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more: Loans past due 90 days or more but still accruing interest are classified as such where the underlying loans are both well secured (the collateral value is sufficient to cover principal and accrued interest) and are in the process of collection.
Restructured loans: Loans are considered restructured loans if concessions have been granted to borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty. See also Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional restructured loans disclosures.
OREO: Management actively seeks to ensure OREO properties held are monitored to minimize the Corporation’s risk of loss.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
Credit risks within the loan portfolio are inherently different for each loan type. Credit risk is controlled and monitored through the use of lending standards, a thorough review of potential borrowers, and ongoing review of loan payment performance. Active asset quality administration, including early problem loan identification and timely resolution of problems, aids in the management of credit risk and the minimization of loan losses. Credit risk management for each loan type is discussed in the section entitled Credit Risk. See Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional disclosures on the ACLL.
To assess the appropriateness of the ACLL, the Corporation focuses on the evaluation of many factors, including but not limited to: evaluation of facts and issues related to specific loans, management’s ongoing review and grading of the loan portfolio, credit report refreshes, consideration of historical loan loss and delinquency experience on each portfolio category, trends in past due and nonaccrual loans, the risk characteristics of the various classifications of loan segments, changes in the size and character of the loan portfolio, concentrations of loans to specific borrowers or industries, existing economic conditions and economic forecasts, the fair value of underlying collateral, funding assumptions on lines, and other qualitative and quantitative factors which could affect potential credit losses. The forecast the Corporation used for June 30, 2024 was the Moody's baseline scenario from May 2024, which was reviewed against the June 2024 baseline scenario with no material updates made, over a two year reasonable and supportable period with straight-line reversion to historical losses over the second year of the period. Assessing these factors involves significant judgment. Because each of the criteria used is subject to change, the ACLL is not necessarily indicative of the trend of future credit losses on loans in any particular segment. Therefore, management considers the ACLL a critical accounting estimate, see section Critical Accounting Estimates for additional information on the ACLL. See section Nonperforming Assets for a detailed discussion on asset quality. See also Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional ACLL disclosures. Table 5 provides information on loan growth and period end loan composition, Table 10 provides additional information regarding NPAs, and Table 11 and Table 12 provide additional information regarding activity in the ACLL.
The loan segmentation used in calculating the ACLL at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was generally comparable. The methodology to calculate the ACLL consists of the following components: a valuation allowance estimate is established for commercial and consumer loans determined by the Corporation to be individually evaluated, using discounted cash flows, estimated fair value of underlying collateral, and/or other data available.
61

Loans are segmented for criticized loan pools by loan type as well as for non-criticized loan pools by loan type, primarily based on risk rating rates after considering loan type, historical loss and delinquency experience, credit quality, and industry classifications. Loans that have been criticized are considered to have a higher risk of default than non-criticized loans, as circumstances were present to support the lower loan grade, warranting higher loss factors. Additionally, management allocates ACLL to absorb losses that may not be provided for by the other components due to qualitative factors evaluated by management, such as limitations within the credit risk grading process, known current economic or business conditions that may not yet show in trends, industry or other concentrations with current issues that impose higher inherent risks than are reflected in the loss factors, and other relevant considerations. The total allowance is available to absorb losses from any segment of the loan portfolio.
Table 11 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
YTD Quarter Ended
($ in thousands) Jun 30,
2024
Jun 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2024
Mar 31,
2024
Dec 31,
2023
Sep 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2023
Allowance for loan losses
Balance at beginning of period $ 351,094  $ 312,720  $ 356,006  $ 351,094  $ 345,795  $ 338,750  $ 326,432 
Provision for loan losses 48,000  40,500  21,000  27,000  21,000  25,500  23,500 
Charge offs (47,308) (20,356) (23,290) (24,018) (17,878) (20,535) (14,855)
Recoveries 4,058  5,886  2,127  1,930  2,177  2,079  3,674 
Net (charge offs) recoveries (43,251) (14,470) (21,163) (22,088) (15,701) (18,455) (11,181)
Balance at end of period $ 355,844  $ 338,750  $ 355,844  $ 356,006  $ 351,094  $ 345,795  $ 338,750 
Allowance for unfunded commitments
Balance at beginning of period $ 34,776  $ 38,776  $ 31,776  $ 34,776  $ 34,776  $ 38,276  $ 39,776 
Provision for unfunded commitments (1,000) (500) 2,000  (3,000) —  (3,500) (1,500)
Balance at end of period $ 33,776  $ 38,276  $ 33,776  $ 31,776  $ 34,776  $ 34,776  $ 38,276 
Allowance for credit losses on loans $ 389,620  $ 377,027  $ 389,620  $ 387,782  $ 385,870  $ 380,571  $ 377,027 
Provision for credit losses on loans 47,000  40,000  23,000  24,000  21,000  22,000  22,000 
Net loan (charge offs) recoveries
Commercial and industrial $ (32,314) $ (12,936) $ (13,676) $ (18,638) $ (13,178) $ (16,558) $ (11,177)
Commercial real estate — owner occupied (22)
Commercial and business lending (32,310) (12,930) (13,674) (18,636) (13,200) (16,556) (11,174)
Commercial real estate — investor (4,569) 2,276  (4,569) —  216  272  2,276 
Real estate construction 58  —  28  30  38  18  (18)
Commercial real estate lending (4,511) 2,275  (4,541) 30  253  290  2,257 
Total commercial (36,821) (10,655) (18,216) (18,606) (12,947) (16,266) (8,917)
Residential mortgage (351) (336) (289) (62) (53) (22) (283)
Auto finance (3,574) (2,004) (1,480) (2,094) (1,436) (1,269) (1,048)
Home equity 449  524  238  211  185  128  183 
Other consumer (2,954) (1,998) (1,417) (1,537) (1,450) (1,027) (1,117)
Total consumer (6,429) (3,815) (2,947) (3,482) (2,754) (2,189) (2,264)
Total net (charge offs) recoveries $ (43,251) $ (14,470) $ (21,163) $ (22,088) $ (15,701) $ (18,455) $ (11,181)
Ratios
Allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans 1.32  % 1.31  % 1.32  % 1.26  % 1.26  %
Allowance for credit losses on loans to net charge offs (annualized) 4.5x 12.9x 4.6x 4.4x 6.2x 5.2x 8.4x
Loan evaluation method for ACLL
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 16,882  $ 25,335  $ 15,492  $ 11,033  $ 12,268 
Collectively evaluated for impairment 372,738  362,447  370,378  369,538  364,759 
     Total ACLL $ 389,620  $ 387,782  $ 385,870  $ 380,571  $ 377,027 
Loan balance
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 70,763  $ 92,960  $ 62,712  $ 86,195  $ 58,109 
Collectively evaluated for impairment 29,547,508  29,401,303  29,153,505  30,106,993  29,790,795 
     Total loan balance $ 29,618,271  $ 29,494,263  $ 29,216,218  $ 30,193,187  $ 29,848,904 
N/M = Not Meaningful
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Table 12 Annualized Net (Charge Offs) Recoveries(a)
YTD Quarter Ended
(In basis points) Jun 30,
2024
Jun 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2024
Mar 31,
2024
Dec 31,
2023
Sep 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2023
Net loan (charge offs) recoveries
Commercial and industrial (66) (27) (55) (77) (54) (66) (46)
Commercial real estate — owner occupied —  —  —  —  (1) —  — 
Commercial and business lending (60) (24) (50) (69) (48) (60) (41)
Commercial real estate — investor (18) (37) —  18 
Real estate construction —  —  —  — 
Commercial real estate lending (12) (25) —  12 
Total commercial (41) (12) (40) (41) (28) (35) (20)
Residential mortgage (1) (1) (1) —  —  —  (1)
Auto finance (29) (26) (24) (35) (27) (27) (25)
Home equity 16  17  15  14  12  12 
Other consumer (226) (144) (221) (232) (208) (148) (163)
Total consumer (12) (7) (10) (13) (9) (7) (8)
Total net (charge offs) recoveries (30) (10) (29) (30) (21) (25) (15)
(a) Annualized ratio of net charge offs to average loans by loan type.
Notable Contributions to the Change in the Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
•Total loans increased $402 million, or 1%, from December 31, 2023, and decreased $231 million, or 1%, from June 30, 2023. The increase from December 31, 2023 was primarily due to growth in auto finance and commercial and business lending, partially offset by a decrease in CRE - investor lending. The decrease from June 30, 2023 was driven by decreases in residential mortgage lending resulting from the Corporation's strategic initiatives and CRE - investor lending, partially offset by growth in auto finance and real estate construction lending. See also Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on loans.
•Total nonaccrual loans increased $5 million, or 4%, from December 31, 2023, and increased $23 million, or 18%, from June 30, 2023. The increase from December 31, 2023 was driven by an increase in nonaccrual loans within CRE - investor lending, partially offset by a decrease within commercial and industrial lending. The increase from June 30, 2023 was primarily due to increases in nonaccrual loans within CRE - investor, residential mortgage, and auto finance lending, partially offset by a decrease in commercial and industrial lending. See Note 6 Loans of the notes to consolidated financial statements and Table 10 for additional disclosures on the changes in asset quality.
•YTD net charge offs increased $29 million from June 30, 2023, primarily driven by an increase in net charge offs within commercial and industrial lending and CRE - investor lending. See Table 11 and Table 12 for additional information on the activity in the ACLL.
Management believes the level of ACLL to be appropriate at June 30, 2024.
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Deposits and Customer Funding
The following table summarizes the composition of our deposits and customer funding:
Table 13 Period End Deposit and Customer Funding Composition
Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023
 ($ in thousands) Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Amount % of
Total
Noninterest-bearing demand $ 5,815,045  18  % $ 6,254,135  19  % $ 6,119,956  18  % $ 6,422,994  20  % $ 6,565,666  21  %
Savings 5,157,103  16  % 5,124,639  15  % 4,835,701  14  % 4,836,735  15  % 4,777,415  15  %
Interest-bearing demand 8,284,017  25  % 8,747,127  26  % 8,843,967  26  % 7,528,154  23  % 7,037,959  22  %
Money market 6,294,895  19  % 6,721,674  20  % 6,330,453  19  % 7,268,506  23  % 7,521,930  23  %
Brokered CDs 4,061,578  12  % 3,931,230  12  % 4,447,479  13  % 3,351,399  10  % 3,818,325  12  %
Other time deposits 3,078,401  % 2,934,352  % 2,868,494  % 2,715,538  % 2,293,114  %
   Total deposits $ 32,691,039  100  % $ 33,713,158  100  % $ 33,446,049  100  % $ 32,123,326  100  % $ 32,014,409  100  %
Other customer funding(a)
89,524  90,536  106,620  151,644  170,873 
Total deposits and other customer funding $ 32,780,564  $ 33,803,694  $ 33,552,669  $ 32,274,971  $ 32,185,282 
Network transaction deposits(b)
$ 1,502,919  $ 1,792,820  $ 1,566,139  $ 1,649,389  $ 1,600,619 
Net deposits and other customer funding(c)
27,216,066  28,079,644  27,539,051  27,274,183  26,766,338 
Time deposits of more than $250,000 546,586  543,469  522,626  533,853  465,446 
(a) Includes repurchase agreements and commercial paper.
(b) Included above in interest-bearing demand and money market.
(c) Total deposits and other customer funding, excluding brokered CDs and network transaction deposits.
•Total deposits, which are the Corporation's largest source of funds, decreased $755 million, or 2%, from December 31, 2023, and increased $677 million, or 2%, from June 30, 2023. The decrease was largely driven by decreases in interest-bearing demand, brokered CDs, and noninterest-bearing demand, partially offset by increases in savings and other time deposits, while the increase was driven by interest-bearing demand, other time deposits, and savings, partially offset by decreases in money market and noninterest-bearing demand.
•Estimated uninsured and uncollateralized deposits, excluding intercompany deposits, were 21.9% of total deposits at June 30, 2024, compared to 22.7% at December 31, 2023 and 22.1% at June 30, 2023.
Liquidity
The objective of liquidity risk management is to ensure that the Corporation has the ability to generate sufficient cash or cash equivalents in a timely and cost effective manner to satisfy the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers and to meet its other commitments as they become due. The Corporation’s liquidity risk management process is designed to identify, measure, and manage the Corporation’s funding and liquidity risk to meet its daily funding needs in the ordinary course of business, as well as to address expected and unexpected changes in its funding requirements. The Corporation engages in various activities to manage its liquidity risk, including diversifying its funding sources, stress testing, and holding readily-marketable assets which can be used as a source of liquidity, if needed.
The Corporation performs dynamic scenario analysis in accordance with industry best practices. Measures have been established to ensure the Corporation has sufficient high quality short-term liquidity to meet cash flow requirements under stressed scenarios. In addition, the Corporation also reviews static measures such as deposit funding as a percentage of total assets and liquid asset levels. Strong capital ratios, credit quality, and core earnings are also essential to maintaining cost effective access to wholesale funding markets. At June 30, 2024, the Corporation was in compliance with its internal liquidity objectives and had sufficient asset-based liquidity to meet its obligations even under a stressed scenario.
The Corporation maintains diverse and readily available liquidity sources, including:
•Lines of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank and FHLB, which require eligible loan and investment collateral to be pledged. Based on the amount of collateral pledged, the FHLB established a collateral value from which the Bank may draw advances, and issue letters of credit in favor of public fund depositors, against the collateral. As of June 30, 2024, the Bank had $5.2 billion available for future funding. The Federal Reserve Bank also establishes a collateral value of assets to support borrowings from the discount window. As of June 30, 2024, the Bank had $2.3 billion available for discount window borrowings.
•A $200 million Parent Company commercial paper program, of which there was none outstanding as of June 30, 2024.
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•Dividends and service fees from subsidiaries, as well as the proceeds from issuance of capital, which are also funding sources for the Parent Company.
•Acquisition related equity issuances by the Parent Company; the Corporation has filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC under which the Parent Company may, from time to time, offer shares of the Corporation’s common stock in connection with acquisitions of businesses, assets, or securities of other companies.
•Other issuances by the Parent Company; the Corporation maintains on file with the SEC a universal shelf registration statement, under which the Parent Company may offer the following securities, either separately or in units: debt securities, preferred stock, depositary shares, common stock, and warrants.
•Bank issuances; the Bank may also issue institutional CDs, network transaction deposits, and brokered CDs.
•Global Bank Note Program issuances; the Bank has implemented a program pursuant to which it may from time to time offer up to $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of its unsecured senior and subordinated notes.
The following table presents secured and total available liquidity sources, estimated uninsured and uncollateralized deposits (excluding intercompany deposits), and coverage of estimated uninsured and uncollateralized deposits:
Table 14 Liquidity Sources and Uninsured Deposit Coverage Ratio
($ in thousands) Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023
Federal Reserve Bank balance $ 482,362  $ 419,554  $ 421,848  $ 314,287  $ 178,983 
Available FHLB Chicago capacity 5,184,341  7,035,768  5,985,385  5,377,628  5,148,360 
Available Federal Reserve Bank discount window capacity 2,336,073  1,438,992  1,433,655  1,335,938  1,635,140 
Available BTFP capacity —  —  522,465  618,829  633,817 
     Funding available within one business day(a)
8,002,776  8,894,314  8,363,353  7,646,682  7,596,300 
Available federal funds lines 1,676,000  1,670,000  1,550,000  2,518,000  2,623,000 
Available brokered deposits capacity(b)
679,089  446,513  138,512  1,240,488  761,301 
Unsecured debt capacity(c)
1,000,000  1,000,000  1,000,000  1,000,000  1,000,000 
     Total available liquidity $ 11,357,865  $ 12,010,827  $ 11,051,865  $ 12,405,170  $ 11,980,601 
Uninsured and uncollateralized deposits $ 7,174,369  $ 7,710,911  $ 7,586,047  $ 7,269,248  $ 7,081,826 
Coverage ratio of uninsured and uncollateralized deposits with secured funding available within one business day 112  % 115  % 110  % 105  % 107  %
Coverage ratio of uninsured and uncollateralized deposits with total funding 158  % 156  % 146  % 171  % 169  %
(a) Estimated based on normal course of operations with indicated institution.
(b) Availability based on internal policy limitations. The Corporation includes outstanding deposits that have received a primary purpose exemption in the brokered deposit classification as they have similar funding characteristics and risk as brokered deposits.
(c) Availability based on internal policy limitations.
Based on contractual obligations and ongoing operations, the Corporation's sources of liquidity are sufficient to meet present and future liquidity needs. See Table 17 for information about the Corporation's contractual obligations and other commitments. See section Deposits and Customer Funding for information about uninsured deposits and concentrations.
Credit ratings impact the Corporation's ability to issue debt securities and the cost to borrow money. Adverse changes in credit ratings impact not only the ability to raise funds in the capital markets but also the cost of these funds. For additional information regarding risks related to adverse changes in our credit ratings, see Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, net cash provided by operating and financing activities was $268 million and $422 million, respectively, while net cash used in investing activities was $655 million, for a net increase in cash and cash equivalents of $35 million since year-end 2023. At June 30, 2024, assets of $41.6 billion increased $608 million, or 1%, from year-end 2023, primarily due to loan growth and increases in AFS securities. On the funding side, deposits of $32.7 billion decreased $755 million, or 2%, from year-end 2023, short-term funding increased $533 million, or 163%, and FHLB advances increased $733 million, or 38%.
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, net cash provided by operating and financing activities was $179 million and $1.6 billion, respectively, while net cash used in investing activities was $1.8 billion, for a net increase in cash and cash equivalents of $8 million since year-end 2022. At June 30, 2023, assets of $41.2 billion increased $1.8 billion, or 5%, from year-end 2022, primarily due to loan growth and increases in AFS securities. On the funding side, deposits of $32.0 billion increased $2.4 billion, or 8%, from year-end 2022, FHLB advances decreased $689 million, or 16%, and other long-term funding increased $286 million, or 115%, the latter due to the issuance of subordinated debt.
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk and interest rate risk are managed centrally. Market risk is the potential for loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of fixed-income securities, equity securities, other earning assets, and derivative financial instruments as a result of changes in interest rates or other factors. Interest rate risk is the potential for reduced net interest income resulting from adverse changes in the level of interest rates. As a financial institution that engages in transactions involving an array of financial products, the Corporation is exposed to both market risk and interest rate risk. In addition to market risk, interest rate risk is measured and managed through a number of methods. The Corporation uses financial modeling simulation techniques that measure the sensitivity of future earnings due to changing rate environments to measure interest rate risk.
Policies established by the Corporation’s ALCO and approved by the Board of Directors are intended to limit these risks. The Board has delegated day-to-day responsibility for managing market and interest rate risk to ALCO. The primary objectives of market risk management are to minimize any adverse effect that changes in market risk factors may have on net interest income and to offset the risk of price changes for certain assets recorded at fair value.
Interest Rate Risk
The primary goal of interest rate risk management is to control exposure to interest rate risk within policy limits approved by the Board of Directors. These limits and guidelines reflect the Corporation's risk appetite for interest rate risk over both short-term and long-term horizons.
The major sources of the Corporation's non-trading interest rate risk are timing differences in the maturity and re-pricing characteristics of assets and liabilities, changes in the shape of the yield curve, and the potential exercise of explicit or embedded options. We measure these risks and their impact by identifying and quantifying exposures through the use of sophisticated simulation and valuation models which are employed by management to understand interest rate sensitive EAR and MVE at risk. The Corporation’s interest rate risk profile is such that, generally, a higher yield curve adds to income while a lower yield curve has a negative impact on earnings. The Corporation's EAR profile is asset sensitive at June 30, 2024.
For further discussion of the Corporation's interest rate risk and corresponding key assumptions, see the Interest Rate Risk section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The sensitivity analysis included below is measured as a percentage change in EAR due to gradual moves in benchmark interest rates from a baseline scenario over 12 months. We evaluate the sensitivity using: 1) a dynamic forecast incorporating expected growth in the balance sheet, and 2) a static forecast where the current balance sheet is held constant.
While a gradual shift in interest rates was used in this analysis to provide an estimate of exposure under a probable scenario, an instantaneous shift in interest rates would have a more significant impact. No EAR breaches occurred during the first six months of 2024.
Table 15 Estimated % Change in Rate Sensitive Earnings at Risk Over 12 Months
Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
  Dynamic Forecast Static Forecast Dynamic Forecast Static Forecast
Gradual Rate Change
100 bp increase in interest rates 1.6  % 1.6  % 1.9  % 2.2  %
200 bp increase in interest rates 3.2  % 3.1  % 3.8  % 4.3  %
100 bp decrease in interest rates (1.0) % (1.0) % (1.3) % (1.5) %
200 bp decrease in interest rates (2.1) % (2.0) % (2.6) % (3.1) %
At June 30, 2024, the MVE profile indicates a decrease in net balance sheet value due to instantaneous upward changes in rates and an increase in net balance sheet value due to instantaneous downward changes in rates.
Table 16 Market Value of Equity Sensitivity
Jun 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Instantaneous Rate Change
100 bp increase in interest rates (10.5) % (10.1) %
200 bp increase in interest rates (21.0) % (20.1) %
100 bp decrease in interest rates 9.9  % 9.7  %
200 bp decrease in interest rates 18.8  % 18.5  %
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Since MVE measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the estimated lives of instruments, the change in MVE does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon (i.e., the current year). Further, MVE does not take into account factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in product mix, changes in yield curve relationships, and changes in product spreads that could mitigate the adverse impact of changes in interest rates. The MVE measures in the 100 bp and 200 bp increase in interest rates scenarios are both outside of policy limits, which have been reported to the Corporation's Board.
The above EAR and MVE measures do not include all actions that management may undertake to manage this risk in response to anticipated changes in interest rates.
Contractual Obligations, Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, and Contingent Liabilities
The following table summarizes significant contractual obligations and other commitments at June 30, 2024, at those amounts contractually due to the recipient, including any unamortized premiums or discounts, hedge basis adjustments, or other similar carrying value adjustments.
Table 17 Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments
($ in thousands) Note Reference One Year
or Less
One to
Three Years
Three to
Five Years
Over
Five Years
Total
Time deposits $ 6,985,669  $ 138,311  $ 15,993  $ $ 7,139,979 
Short-term funding 8 859,539  —  —  —  859,539 
FHLB advances 8 1,869,206  604,944  197,931  965  2,673,046 
Other long-term funding 8 249,080  181  69  286,782  536,113 
Operating leases 16 5,557  10,219  7,384  5,514  28,675 
Total $ 9,969,052  $ 753,656  $ 221,377  $ 293,267  $ 11,237,353 
The Corporation also has obligations under its derivatives, lending-related commitments, and retirement plans as described in Note 9 Derivative and Hedging Activities, Note 11 Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Legal Proceedings, and Regulatory Matters, and Note 13 Retirement Plans of the notes to consolidated financial statements, respectively. Further discussion of the nature of each obligation is included in the referenced note to the consolidated financial statements.
Capital
Management actively reviews capital strategies for the Corporation and each of its subsidiaries in light of perceived business risks, future growth opportunities, industry standards, and compliance with regulatory requirements. The assessment of overall capital adequacy depends on a variety of factors, including asset quality, liquidity, stability of earnings, changing competitive forces, economic conditions in markets served, and strength of management. At June 30, 2024, the capital ratios of the Corporation and its banking subsidiaries were in excess of regulatory minimum requirements. The Corporation’s capital ratios are summarized in the following table.
Compliance with regulatory minimum capital requirements is a tool used in assessing the Corporation's capital adequacy, but not determinative of how the Corporation would fare under extreme stress. Factors that may affect the adequacy of the Corporation's capital include the inherent limitations of fair value estimates and the assumptions thereof, the inherent limitations of the regulatory risk-weights assigned to various asset types, the inherent limitations of accounting classifications of certain investments and the effect on their measurement, external macroeconomic conditions and their effects on capital and the Corporation's ability to raise capital or refinance capital commitments, and the extent of steps taken by state or federal government authorities in periods of extreme stress.
For additional information regarding the potential for additional regulation and supervision, see Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
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Table 18 Capital Ratios
YTD Quarter Ended
 ($ in thousands)
Jun 30,
2024
Jun 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2024
Mar 31,
2024
Dec 31,
2023
Sep 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2023
Risk-based capital(a)
CET1 $ 3,172,298  $ 3,088,613  $ 3,074,938  $ 3,197,445  $ 3,143,131 
Tier 1 capital 3,366,410  3,282,725  3,269,050  3,391,557  3,337,243 
Total capital 4,042,812  3,957,879  3,997,205  4,103,998  4,051,096 
Total risk-weighted assets 32,767,830  32,753,344  32,732,710  33,497,484  33,143,953 
Modified CECL transitional amount 22,425  22,425  44,851  44,851  44,851 
CET1 capital ratio 9.68  % 9.43  % 9.39  % 9.55  % 9.48  %
Tier 1 capital ratio 10.27  % 10.02  % 9.99  % 10.12  % 10.07  %
Total capital ratio 12.34  % 12.08  % 12.21  % 12.25  % 12.22  %
Tier 1 leverage ratio 8.37  % 8.24  % 8.06  % 8.42  % 8.40  %
Selected equity and performance ratios
Total stockholders’ equity / total assets 10.19  % 10.13  % 10.18  % 9.91  % 10.00  %
Dividend payout ratio(b)
34.65  % 34.15  % 29.33  % 42.31  % N/M 39.62  % 37.50  %
Return on average assets 0.97  % 0.96  % 1.13  % 0.80  % (0.87) % 0.80  % 0.86  %
Annualized noninterest expense / average assets 1.93  % 1.90  % 1.92  % 1.95  % 2.30  % 1.90  % 1.89  %
N/M = Not Meaningful
(a) The Federal Reserve establishes regulatory capital requirements, including well-capitalized standards for the Corporation. The Corporation follows Basel III, subject to certain transition provisions. These regulatory capital measurements are used by management, regulators, investors, and analysts to assess, monitor, and compare the quality and composition of the Corporations capital with the capital of other financial services companies.
(b) Ratio is based upon basic earnings per common share.
See Part II, Item 2, Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds, for information on the shares repurchased during the second quarter of 2024.
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Non-GAAP Measures
Table 19 Non-GAAP Measures
YTD Quarter Ended
($ in thousands) Jun 30,
2024
Jun 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2024
Mar 31,
2024
Dec 31,
2023
Sep 30,
2023
Jun 30,
2023
Selected equity and performance ratios(a)(b)(c)
Tangible common equity / tangible assets 7.18  % 7.08  % 7.11  % 6.88  % 6.94  %
Return on average equity 9.48  % 9.38  % 11.16  % 7.81  % (8.74) % 7.99  % 8.47  %
Return on average tangible common equity 13.78  % 13.79  % 16.25  % 11.31  % (13.13) % 11.67  % 12.38  %
Return on average CET1 12.42  % 12.11  % 14.54  % 10.27  % (11.85) % 10.08  % 10.88  %
Return on average tangible assets 1.01  % 1.00  % 1.18  % 0.84  % (0.88) % 0.84  % 0.90  %
Average stockholders' equity / average assets 10.20  % 10.22  % 10.14  % 10.26  % 9.97  % 10.06  % 10.18  %
Tangible common equity reconciliation(a)
Common equity $ 4,048,225  $ 3,974,561  $ 3,979,861  $ 3,933,531  $ 3,928,762 
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net (1,141,058) (1,143,261) (1,145,464) (1,147,666) (1,149,869)
Tangible common equity $ 2,907,167  $ 2,831,300  $ 2,834,398  $ 2,785,865  $ 2,778,893 
Tangible assets reconciliation(a)
Total assets $ 41,623,908  $ 41,137,084  $ 41,015,855  $ 41,637,381  $ 41,219,473 
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net (1,141,058) (1,143,261) (1,145,464) (1,147,666) (1,149,869)
Tangible assets $ 40,482,850  $ 39,993,824  $ 39,870,392  $ 40,489,715  $ 40,069,604 
Average tangible common equity and average CET1 reconciliation(a)
Common equity $ 3,979,681  $ 3,901,605  $ 3,972,092  $ 3,987,269  $ 3,926,452  $ 3,937,940  $ 3,934,949 
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net (1,143,478) (1,152,100) (1,142,368) (1,144,588) (1,146,677) (1,148,951) (1,151,039)
Tangible common equity 2,836,203  2,749,505  2,829,725  2,842,681  2,779,775  2,788,989  2,783,910 
Modified CECL transitional amount 22,425  44,851  22,425  22,425  44,851  44,851  44,851 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 214,850  255,205  241,634  188,067  286,402  302,043  251,624 
Deferred tax assets, net 18,404  27,934  24,506  12,303  26,580  27,694  27,714 
Average CET1 $ 3,091,883  $ 3,077,495  $ 3,118,290  $ 3,065,475  $ 3,137,608  $ 3,163,577  $ 3,108,099 
Average tangible assets reconciliation(a)
Total assets $ 40,932,710  $ 40,085,316  $ 41,100,606  $ 40,769,206  $ 41,330,703  $ 41,075,980  $ 40,558,311 
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net (1,143,478) (1,152,100) (1,142,368) (1,144,588) (1,146,677) (1,148,951) (1,151,039)
Tangible assets $ 39,789,232  $ 38,933,216  $ 39,958,238  $ 39,624,617  $ 40,184,026  $ 39,927,029  $ 39,407,273 
Adjusted net income reconciliation(b)
Net income $ 196,742  $ 190,514  $ 115,573  $ 81,169  $ (90,806) $ 83,248  $ 87,154 
Other intangible amortization, net of tax 3,304  3,304  1,652  1,652  1,652  1,652  1,652 
Adjusted net income $ 200,046  $ 193,818  $ 117,225  $ 82,821  $ (89,154) $ 84,900  $ 88,806 
Adjusted net income available to common equity reconciliation(b)
Net income available to common equity $ 190,992  $ 184,764  $ 112,698  $ 78,294  $ (93,681) $ 80,373  $ 84,279 
Other intangible amortization, net of tax 3,304  3,304  1,652  1,652  1,652  1,652  1,652 
Adjusted net income available to common equity $ 194,296  $ 188,068  $ 114,350  $ 79,946  $ (92,029) $ 82,025  $ 85,931 
End of period core customer deposits reconciliation
Total deposits $ 32,691,039  $ 33,713,158  $ 33,446,049  $ 32,123,326  $ 32,014,409 
Network transaction deposits (1,502,919) (1,792,820) (1,566,139) (1,649,389) (1,600,619)
Brokered CDs (4,061,578) (3,931,230) (4,447,479) (3,351,399) (3,818,325)
     Core customer deposits $ 27,126,542  $ 27,989,108  $ 27,432,431  $ 27,122,539  $ 26,595,465 
Efficiency ratio reconciliation(d)
Federal Reserve efficiency ratio 61.27  % 57.26  % 61.51  % 61.03  % 132.01  % 60.06  % 58.49  %
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment (0.71) % (0.82) % (0.71) % (0.71) % (3.29) % (0.89) % (0.85) %
Other intangible amortization (0.69) % (0.67) % (0.68) % (0.69) % (1.21) % (0.69) % (0.68) %
Fully tax-equivalent efficiency ratio 59.88  % 55.78  % 60.12  % 59.63  % 127.54  % 58.50  % 56.96  %
(a) Tangible common equity and tangible assets exclude goodwill and other intangible assets, net.
(b) Adjusted net income and adjusted net income available to common equity, which are used in the calculation of return on average tangible assets and return on average tangible common equity, respectively, add back other intangible amortization, net of tax.
(c) These capital measurements are used by management, regulators, investors, and analysts to assess, monitor, and compare the quality and composition of our capital with the capital of other financial services companies.
(d) The efficiency ratio as defined by the Federal Reserve guidance is noninterest expense (which includes the provision for unfunded commitments) divided by the sum of net interest income plus noninterest income, excluding investment securities gains (losses), net. The fully tax-equivalent efficiency ratio is noninterest expense (which includes the provision for unfunded commitments), excluding other intangible amortization, divided by the sum of fully tax-equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income, excluding investment securities gains (losses), net.
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Sequential Quarter Results
The Corporation reported net income of $116 million for the second quarter of 2024, compared to net income of $81 million for the first quarter of 2024, the increase primarily due to an income tax benefit booked during the second quarter of 2024. Net income available to common equity was $113 million for the second quarter of 2024, or $0.75 for basic earnings per common share and $0.74 for diluted earnings per common share. Comparatively, net income available to common equity for the first quarter of 2024 was $78 million, or $0.52 for both basic and diluted earnings per common share (see Table 1).
Fully tax-equivalent net interest income for the second quarter of 2024 was $260 million, $1 million lower than the first quarter of 2024. The net interest margin in the second quarter of 2024 was down 4 bp to 2.75%. Average earning assets increased $401 million, or 1%, to $38.0 billion in the second quarter of 2024. Average loans increased $211 million, or 1%, primarily driven by growth within the commercial and business lending and auto finance portfolios. On the funding side, average total interest-bearing deposits decreased $468 million, or 2%, driven by decreases in time deposits, interest-bearing demand deposits and money market deposits, partially offset by an increase in savings account balances. Average FHLB advances increased $892 million, or 58%, largely due to the decrease in average deposits (see Table 2).
The provision for credit losses was $23 million for the second quarter of 2024 and $24 million for the first quarter of 2024 (see Table 11). See discussion under sections: Provision for Credit Losses, Nonperforming Assets, and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans.
Noninterest income for the second quarter of 2024 was $65 million, effectively flat with the first quarter of 2024 (see Table 3).
Noninterest expense for the second quarter of 2024 was $196 million, down $2 million, or 1%, from the first quarter of 2024, driven primarily by the FDIC special assessment in the first quarter of 2024, partially offset by increases in personnel, other, and business development and advertising expense (see Table 4).
For the second quarter of 2024, the Corporation recognized an income tax benefit of $13 million, compared to income tax expense of $20 million for the first quarter of 2024. See section Income Taxes for a more detailed discussion.
Comparable Quarter Results
The Corporation reported net income of $116 million for the second quarter of 2024, compared to net income of $87 million for the second quarter of 2023, the increase primarily due to an income tax benefit booked during the second quarter of 2024. Net income available to common equity was $113 million for the second quarter of 2024, or $0.75 for basic earnings per common share and $0.74 for diluted earnings per common share. Comparatively, net income available to common equity for the second quarter of 2023 was $84 million, or $0.56 for both basic and diluted earnings per share (see Table 1).
Fully tax-equivalent net interest income for the second quarter of 2024 was $260 million, $2 million, or 1%, lower than the second quarter of 2023. The net interest margin between the comparable quarters was down 5 bp, to 2.75% in the second quarter of 2024. The decreases in net interest income and net interest margin were due to interest-bearing liability costs rising at a faster rate of growth than earning asset revenues as a result of deposit funding pressures. Average earning assets increased $428 million, or 1%, to $38.0 billion in the second quarter of 2024. Average loans increased $141 million, primarily driven by growth within auto finance and commercial lending, partially offset by a decrease in residential mortgage lending. On the funding side, average interest-bearing deposits increased $2.3 billion, or 9%, from the second quarter of 2023, due to increases in nearly all deposit categories, partially offset by a decrease in money market deposits. Average short and long-term funding decreased $896 million, or 19%, primarily driven by lower FHLB advances (see Table 2).
The provision for credit losses was $23 million for the second quarter of 2024, compared to a provision of $22 million for the second quarter of 2023 (see Table 11). See discussion under sections: Provision for Credit Losses, Nonperforming Assets, and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans.
Noninterest income for the second quarter of 2024 was $65 million, down approximately $384,000, or 1%, compared to the second quarter of 2023 (see Table 3).
Noninterest expense for the second quarter of 2024 was $196 million, up $5 million, or 3%, from the second quarter of 2023, driven primarily by increases in personnel and technology expense, partially offset by decreases in FDIC assessment and other expense (see Table 4).
The Corporation recognized an income tax benefit of $13 million for the second quarter of 2024, compared to an income tax expense of $24 million for the second quarter of 2023. See section Income Taxes for a more detailed discussion.
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Segment Review
As discussed in Note 14 Segment Reporting of the notes to consolidated financial statements, the Corporation’s reportable segments have been determined based upon its internal profitability reporting system, which is organized by strategic business unit. Certain strategic business units have been combined for segment information reporting purposes where the nature of the products and services, the type of customer, and the distribution of those products and services are similar. The reportable segments are Corporate and Commercial Specialty; Community, Consumer and Business; and Risk Management and Shared Services.
Table 20 Selected Segment Financial Data
Three Months Ended Jun 30, Six Months Ended Jun 30,
($ in thousands) 2024 2023 % Change 2024 2023 % Change
Corporate and Commercial Specialty
Total revenue $ 187,089  $ 172,282  9% $ 370,707  $ 343,143  8%
Provision for credit losses 16,492  13,674  21% 31,920  27,456  16%
Noninterest expense 65,394  61,137  7% 131,744  123,256  7%
Income tax expense 17,765  17,086  4% 38,846  34,811  12%
Net income 87,438  80,385  9% 168,196  157,619  7%
Average earning assets 17,788,957  17,444,251  2% 17,716,259  17,276,106  3%
Average loans 17,780,167  17,426,931  2% 17,709,291  17,259,706  3%
Average deposits 8,612,694  8,792,906  (2)% 8,963,242  9,240,323  (3)%
Average allocated capital (Average CET1)(a)
1,726,461  1,713,009  1% 1,718,844  1,708,729  1%
Return on average allocated capital(a)
20.37  % 18.82  % 155 bp 19.68  % 18.60  % 108 bp
Community, Consumer, and Business
Total revenue $ 218,559  $ 208,554  5% $ 431,404  $ 402,863  7%
Provision for credit losses 5,591  7,328  (24)% 12,416  14,086  (12)%
Noninterest expense 107,565  108,928  (1)% 218,055  220,663  (1)%
Income tax expense 22,134  19,383  14% 42,196  35,304  20%
Net income 83,268  72,915  14% 158,737  132,810  20%
Average earning assets 11,246,835  11,492,005  (2)% 11,208,078  11,373,558  (1)%
Average loans 11,246,835  11,492,005  (2)% 11,208,078  11,373,558  (1)%
Average deposits 18,319,348  18,065,314  1% 18,205,626  18,093,436  1%
Average allocated capital (Average CET1)(a)
744,217  732,066  2% 740,353  721,842  3%
Return on average allocated capital(a)
45.00  % 39.95  % N/M 43.12  % 37.10  % N/M
Risk Management and Shared Services
Total revenue $ (83,896) $ (57,376) 46% $ (157,515) $ (86,463) 82%
Provision for credit losses 925  1,097  (16)% 2,672  (1,471) N/M
Noninterest expense 22,902  20,609  11% 43,719  34,167  28%
Income tax (benefit) (52,589) (12,935) N/M (73,716) (19,243) N/M
Net (loss) (55,133) (66,146) (17)% (130,191) (99,916) 30%
Average earning assets 8,961,646  8,632,734  4% 8,872,497  8,427,968  5%
Average loans 552,561  519,361  6% 556,925  510,431  9%
Average deposits 5,697,363  4,422,915  29% 5,779,362  3,243,256  78%
Average allocated capital (Average CET1)(a)
647,612  663,024  (2)% 632,686  646,925  (2)%
Return on average allocated capital(a)
(36.03) % (41.75) % N/M (43.21) % (32.94) % N/M
Consolidated Total
Total revenue $ 321,752  $ 323,460  (1)% $ 644,595  $ 659,543  (2)%
Return on average allocated capital(a)
14.54  % 10.88  % N/M 12.42  % 12.11  % 31 bp
N//M = Not meaningful
(a) The Federal Reserve establishes capital adequacy requirements for the Corporation, including CET1. For segment reporting purposes, the ROCET1 reflects return on average allocated CET1. The ROCET1 for the Risk Management and Shared Services segment and the Consolidated Total is inclusive of the annualized effect of the preferred stock dividends.
Notable Changes in Segment Financial Data
The Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment consists of lending and deposit solutions to larger businesses, developers, not-for-profits, municipalities, and financial institutions, and the support to deliver, fund, and manage such banking solutions. In addition, this segment provides a variety of investment, fiduciary, and retirement planning products and services to individuals and small to mid-sized businesses.
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•Total revenue increased $15 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and increased $28 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily attributable to higher loan volumes and interest rates driving net interest income higher.
•Noninterest expense increased $4 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and increased $8 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to higher personnel costs.
•Average loans increased $353 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and increased $450 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by growth in commercial and business lending, residential mortgage lending, and CRE lending.
•Average deposits decreased $180 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and decreased $277 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, driven by decreases in noninterest-bearing demand deposits and money market deposits, partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing demand deposits.
The Community, Consumer, and Business segment consists of lending and deposit solutions to individuals and small to mid-sized businesses.
•Total revenue increased $10 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and increased $29 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily attributable to receiving net FTP credit for providing funding for the Corporation and higher interest rates.
•Average loans decreased $245 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and decreased $165 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, driven by a decrease in residential mortgage lending, partially offset by an increase in auto finance lending.
•Average deposits increased $254 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and increased $112 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, driven by increases in time deposits and savings deposits, partially offset by decreases in noninterest-bearing demand deposits and money market deposits.
The Risk Management and Shared Services segment includes key shared Corporate functions, Parent Company activity, intersegment eliminations, and residual revenues and expenses.
•Total revenue decreased $27 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and decreased $71 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by increased interest expense.
•Provision for credit losses increased $4 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, driven by nominal credit movement coupled with general macroeconomic trends.
•Noninterest expense increased $10 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, driven by higher personnel expense and the FDIC special assessment.
•Average earning assets increased $329 million from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and increased $445 million from the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by higher balances of AFS investment securities in the portfolio.
•Average deposits increased $1.3 billion from the three months ended June 30, 2023, and increased $2.5 billion from the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by increases in brokered CDs and network deposits, partially offset by a decrease in money market deposits.
Critical Accounting Estimates
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. The determination of the ACLL is particularly susceptible to significant change. A discussion of these estimates can be found in the Critical Accounting Estimates section in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no changes in the Corporation's application of critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2023.
Recent Developments
On July 30, 2024, the Corporation’s Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per common share, payable on September 16, 2024 to shareholders of record at the close of business on September 3, 2024.
72

The Board of Directors also declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.3671875 per depositary share on Associated's 5.875% Series E Perpetual Preferred Stock, payable on September 16, 2024 to shareholders of record at the close of business on September 3, 2024. The Board of Directors also declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.3515625 per depositary share on Associated's 5.625% Series F Perpetual Preferred Stock, payable on September 16, 2024 to shareholders of record at the close of business on September 3, 2024.
ITEM 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Information required by this item is set forth in Item 2 under the captions Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk and Interest Rate Risk.
73

ITEM 4.     Controls and Procedures
The Corporation maintains disclosure controls and procedures as required under Rule 13a-15 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Corporation's Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Corporation’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As of June 30, 2024, the Corporation’s management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2024.
No changes were made to the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act of 1934) during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings
The information required by this item is set forth in Part I, Item 1 under Note 11 Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Legal Proceedings, and Regulatory Matters of the notes to consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in the Risk Factors described in the Corporation’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the second quarter of 2024, the Corporation repurchased $1 million of common stock, all of which were repurchases related to tax withholding on equity compensation with no open market repurchases during the quarter. The repurchase details are presented in the table below:
Common Stock Purchases
Total Number  of
Shares Purchased(a)
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
Maximum Number of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans
or Programs(b)
Period
April 1, 2024 - April 30, 2024 41,236  $ 21.53  — 
May 1, 2024 - May 31, 2024 3,223  22.32  — 
June 1, 2024 - June 30, 2024 6,311  20.36  — 
Total 50,770  $ 21.43  —  2,901,020 
(a) During the second quarter of 2024, all common shares repurchased were for minimum tax withholding settlements on equity compensation. These purchases do not count against the maximum value of shares remaining available for purchase under the Board of Directors' 2021 authorization.
(b) At June 30, 2024, there remained $61 million authorized to be repurchased under the Board of Directors' 2021 $100 million authorization. The maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under this authorization is based on the closing share price on June 30, 2024.
Repurchases under Board authorized repurchase programs are subject to any necessary regulatory approvals and other limitations and may occur from time to time in open market purchases, block transactions, private transactions, accelerated share repurchases, or similar facilities.
ITEM 5. Other Information
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no director or "officer" of the Corporation adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

75


ITEM 6. Exhibits
(a)    Exhibits:
Exhibit (101), Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Exhibit (104), The cover page from the Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 has been formatted in Inline XBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language) and contained in Exhibits in 101.

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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP
(Registrant)
Date: July 30, 2024 /s/ Andrew J. Harmening
Andrew J. Harmening
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: July 30, 2024 /s/ Derek S. Meyer
   Derek S. Meyer
Chief Financial Officer
Date: July 30, 2024 /s/ Ryan J. Beld
Ryan J. Beld
Chief Accounting Officer

77
EX-31.1 2 asb06302024ex311.htm EX-31.1 Document

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION UNDER SECTION 302 OF THE
SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Andrew J. Harmening, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Associated Banc-Corp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
Date: July 30, 2024 /s/ Andrew J. Harmening
Andrew J. Harmening
President and Chief Executive Officer


EX-31.2 3 asb06302024ex312.htm EX-31.2 Document

Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION UNDER SECTION 302 OF THE
SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Derek S. Meyer, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Associated Banc-Corp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
Date: July 30, 2024 /s/ Derek S. Meyer
Derek S. Meyer
Chief Financial Officer


EX-32 4 asb06302024ex32.htm EX-32 Document

Exhibit 32
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, each of the undersigned officers of Associated Banc-Corp, a Wisconsin corporation (the “Company”), does hereby certify that:
1. The accompanying Quarterly Report of the Company on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 (the “Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2. Information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
/s/ Andrew J. Harmening
Andrew J. Harmening
Chief Executive Officer
July 30, 2024
 
/s/ Derek S. Meyer
Derek S. Meyer
Chief Financial Officer
July 30, 2024