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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): November 13, 2025


Neurogene Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
001-36327
98-0542593
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(Commission File Number)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
535 W 24th Street, 5th Floor
New York, NY 10011
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (877) 237-5020

N/A
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.000001 par value NGNE
The Nasdaq Global Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐




Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Condition
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o On November 13, 2025, Neurogene Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2025. A copy of the press release announcing such results is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K. Also on November 13, 2025, the Company posted an updated corporate presentation on its website. A copy of the corporate presentation is furnished as Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

The information in this Item 2.02 and Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 attached hereto are being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall such information or Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference to such filing.

Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits
 
Exhibit
Number
   Description
99.1   
99.2
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)




SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

NEUROGENE INC.
Date: November 13, 2025 By: /s/ Christine Mikail
Name: Christine Mikail
Title: President, Chief Financial Officer


EX-99.1 2 ngne_3q25earningsreleasexf.htm EX-99.1 Document
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Neurogene Reports Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results and Highlights Recent Updates

Reported positive interim data from NGN-401 Phase 1/2 gene therapy trial for Rett syndrome demonstrating multidomain, durable gains, with 35 total developmental milestones/skills acquired across eight participants

First participant dosed in Embolden™ registrational trial of NGN-401 for Rett syndrome, with complete enrollment expected in three to six months

Strong cash position provides runway through first quarter of 2028

NEW YORK – November 13, 2025 – Neurogene Inc. (Nasdaq: NGNE), a clinical-stage company founded to bring life-changing genetic medicines to patients and families affected by rare neurological diseases, today announced third quarter 2025 financial results and highlighted recent corporate updates.

“We significantly advanced our NGN-401 gene therapy clinical program for Rett syndrome over the past quarter, culminating in the recent dosing of the first participant in the Embolden registrational trial after initiating 12 of 13 sites that enable our plans to rapidly enroll the trial in the next three to six months,” stated Rachel McMinn, Ph.D., Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Neurogene. “The positive interim clinical data from the pediatric cohort of our NGN-401 Phase 1/2 trial shared yesterday, which showed multidomain, durable gains with continued developmental/milestone skill acquisition, underscore NGN-401's therapeutic promise. With cash runway through the first quarter of 2028, we are in a strong financial position to bring a much-needed gene therapy to people with Rett syndrome.”

Third Quarter 2025 and Recent Highlights, and Anticipated Milestones

NGN-401 Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Rett Syndrome

•Reported updated interim clinical data with NGN-401 from the pediatric cohort (ages 4-10 cohort) of the Phase 1/2 trial, which continue to demonstrate multidomain, durable gains with continued developmental milestone/skill acquisition as of the data cutoff date of October 30, 2025
oFunctional improvements have been shown across all eight pediatric participants, with an aggregate 35 developmental milestones/skills gained across core clinical domains of Rett syndrome – hand function/fine motor, language/communication and ambulation/gross motor
oImprovements in the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) have been durable for participants included in the November 2024 interim data report
oNGN-401 at the 1E15 vg dose has been generally well-tolerated in the pediatric cohort and the adolescent/adult cohort (ages ≥ 11 cohort)


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•Dosed the first participant in the Embolden registrational trial, with complete enrollment expected in three to six months
•Initiated 12 of 13 Embolden sites; these sites could be rapidly converted into future commercial sites
•Presented new preclinical route of administration data at the ESGCT Congress highlighting that intracerebroventricular (ICV) delivery of NGN-401 achieved superior AAV biodistribution across brain regions relevant to Rett syndrome, compared to intrathecal lumbar (IT-L) delivery
oFindings support the best-in-class potential of NGN-401 and add to the body of evidence that ICV administration is superior to IT-L in reaching key brain regions underlying Rett syndrome; these data provide potential rationale for the multidomain skill acquisition and durable improvements observed in the Phase 1/2 NGN-401 trial
oThese data provide evidence-based confirmation that ICV and IT-L administration resulted in comparable peripheral organ transduction, showing no liver-sparing benefit to IT-L when compared to ICV

Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results

•Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments: Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of September 30, 2025 were $265.4 million. We expect cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments to fund planned operations through the first quarter of 2028.
•Research & Development (R&D) Expenses: R&D expenses were $17.2 million for the three months September 30, 2025 compared to $16.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in R&D expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily driven by an increase in Rett syndrome clinical trial costs and employee-related expenses due to an increase in R&D headcount, and was partially offset by decreases in spending on Batten disease and Early discovery.
•General & Administrative (G&A) Expenses: G&A expenses were $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in G&A expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily driven by an increase in employee-related expenses due to an increase in stock-based compensation and headcount.
•Net Loss: Net loss was $21.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $20.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

About Neurogene
The mission of Neurogene is to treat devastating neurological diseases to improve the lives of patients and families impacted by these rare diseases. Neurogene is developing novel approaches and treatments to address the limitations of conventional gene therapy in central nervous system disorders. This includes selecting a delivery approach to maximize distribution to target tissues and designing products to maximize potency and purity for an optimized efficacy and safety profile.


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The Company’s novel and proprietary EXACT™ transgene regulation platform technology allows for the delivery of therapeutic levels while limiting transgene toxicity associated with conventional gene therapy. Neurogene has constructed a state-of-the-art gene therapy manufacturing facility in Houston, Texas. CGMP production of NGN-401 was conducted in this facility and will support pivotal clinical development activities. For more information, visit www.neurogene.com.

About NGN-401
NGN-401 is an investigational AAV9 gene therapy being developed as a one-time treatment for Rett syndrome. It is the first clinical candidate to deliver the full-length human MECP2 gene under the control of Neurogene’s EXACT™ transgene regulation technology. EXACT technology is an important advancement in gene therapy for Rett syndrome, specifically because the disorder requires a treatment approach that enables targeted levels of MECP2 transgene expression without causing overexpression-related toxic effects associated with conventional gene therapy.

NGN-401 was selected by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its START Pilot Program and has also received Regenerative Medicine Advance Therapy (RMAT) designation, orphan drug designation, Fast Track designation and rare pediatric designation from the FDA. Neurogene was previously granted an INTERACT meeting with the FDA regarding the EXACT technology. NGN-401 also received Priority Medicines (PRIME) designation, orphan designation and advanced therapy medicinal product designation from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the Innovative Licensing and Application Pathway (ILAP) designation from the United Kingdom (UK) Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Statements in this press release are made as of the date of this press release. Neurogene does not undertake any obligation to make any updates to these statements to reflect events that occur or circumstances that arise after the date of this press release, except as may be required under applicable U.S. securities law.

Statements in this press release which are not historical in nature are intended to be, and hereby are identified as, forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future plans, trends, events, results of operations or financial condition, or otherwise, based on current expectations and beliefs of the management of Neurogene, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management of Neurogene, including, but not limited to, statements regarding: the therapeutic potential and utility, efficacy and clinical benefits of NGN-401, including the potential benefits of ICV administration as compared to IT-L administration for gene therapy in the treatment of Rett syndrome; trial designs, clinical development plans and timing for NGN-401, including expected timing of the completion of enrollment, the potential for future approval for commercialization of NGN-401 as a treatment for Rett syndrome, as well as the potential to convert existing clinical trial sites to commercial sites in the event NGN-401 does receive commercial approval; expected future interactions with or positions of the FDA, including the potential acceleration of submission of a BLA for NGN-401; and the time period over which existing cash resources may be sufficient to fund the Company’s operations.


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Forward-looking statements generally include statements that are predictive in nature and depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, and include words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “likely,” “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” “on track,” and other similar expressions or the negative or plural of these words, or other similar expressions that are predictions or indicate future events or prospects, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and assumptions that are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, likelihood, and degree of occurrence, which could cause actual results to differ materially from anticipated results and many of which are outside of Neurogene’s control. Such risks, uncertainties and assumptions include, among other things: the potential for negative impacts to participants in the Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NGN-401 for the treatment of Rett syndrome; the risk that the Company may not be able to report data on the predicted timeline; risks related to the Company’s ability to obtain regulatory approval for, and ultimately commercialize, its product candidates, including NGN-401; risks related to timing of completing enrollment in the Embolden trial of NGN-401 for Rett syndrome; and other risks and uncertainties identified under the heading "Risk Factors" included in Neurogene’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on November 13, 2025, and other filings that the Company has made and may make with the SEC in the future. Nothing in this communication should be regarded as a representation by any person that the forward-looking statements set forth herein will be achieved or that the contemplated results of any such forward-looking statements will be achieved. Forward-looking statements in this communication speak only as of the day they are made and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the cautionary statements herein. Except as required by applicable law, Neurogene undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statement, or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

This communication contains hyperlinks to information that is not deemed to be incorporated by reference into this communication.

- Financial Tables Follow -


Neurogene Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)



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Neurogene Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share information)

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###

Company Contact:
Mike Devine
Executive Director, Corporate Communications
michael.devine@neurogene.com

Investor Contact:
Melissa Forst
Argot Partners
Neurogene@argotpartners.com

EX-99.2 3 a202511_ngnecorporatepre.htm EX-99.2 a202511_ngnecorporatepre
Every Breakthrough BEGINS WITH BELIEF r r t r BE I S IT BELIEF Corporate Presentation November 2025


 
2 Disclaimer Forward Looking Statements This communication contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future plans, trends, events, results of operations or financial condition, or otherwise, based on current expectations and beliefs of the management of Neurogene, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management of Neurogene, including, but not limited to, statements regarding: the therapeutic potential and utility, efficacy and clinical benefits of its programs, including its EXACTTM technology and NGN-401; market opportunities for Neurogene's product candidates, including expected levels of demand for NGN-401; the safety and tolerability profile of NGN-401; the applicability of reported interim results from the NGN-401 Phase 1/2 clinical trial to other participants or potential participants, including adolescent or adult participants; trial designs and clinical development plans for our EmboldenTM registrational clinical trial of NGN-401 for Rett Syndrome, including timing of anticipated enrollment and completion of the enrollment in our clinical trial; the response rate, expected durability and deepening of clinical data results from our NGN-401 clinical trials; expected timing for release of additional data from our Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NGN-401; the potential superiority of ICV administration; patient and KOL sentiment relating to priorities on selecting potential gene therapy treatments; the potential for success of the Embolden registrational clinical trial of NGN-401 for Rett Syndrome; expected future interactions with or positions of the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities, including the timing and outcome of any such interaction and anticipated benefits of the FDA's RMAT designation as well as participation in the FDA's START program with respect to NGN-401; the benefits of Neurogene's in-house manufacturing capabilities; the ability of Neurogene to identify future development plans for NGN-101; anticipated early-stage discovery and expectations regarding the initiation of future clinical trials for programs in development; and Neurogene's cash runway, including the time period over which existing cash resources may be sufficient to fund the Company’s operations. Forward-looking statements generally include statements that are predictive in nature and depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, and include words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “likely,” “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” and other similar expressions or the negative or plural of these words, or other similar expressions that are predictions or indicate future events or prospects, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Statements that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. Actual results could differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement as a result of various factors, including, without limitation: uncertainties regarding interactions with and feedback received from FDA staff regarding the Embolden registrational trial including the risk that the FDA could change its requirements for the Embolden trial; the ability to raise additional capital to finance operations; the ability of Neurogene to report its data on the predicted timeline; the ability of Neurogene to effectively use the RMAT designation or START program to accelerate development of NGN-401; the potential for negative impacts to patients dosed in the ongoing clinical trials for NGN-401; the ability to advance product candidates through non-clinical and clinical development; the ability to obtain regulatory approval for, and ultimately commercialize, Neurogene's product candidates; Neurogene’s limited experience in designing and conducting clinical trials; the ability to identify and pivot to other programs, product candidates that may be more profitable or successful than Neurogene's current product candidates; expectations regarding the potential tolerability, safety or efficacy for NGN-401; the ability to attract, hire, and retain skilled executive officers and employees; reliance on third parties, contract manufacturers, and contract research organizations; the ability of Neurogene to protect its intellectual property and proprietary technologies; risks related to Neurogene’s ability to correctly estimate its operating expenses, including its projected cash runway; and legislative, regulatory, political and economic developments and general market conditions. The foregoing review of important factors that could cause actual events to differ from expectations should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with statements that are included herein and elsewhere, including the risk factors included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as risk factors associated with companies, such as Neurogene, that operate in the biopharma industry. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond Neurogene’s control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Nothing in this communication should be regarded as a representation by any person that the forward-looking statements set forth herein will be achieved or that the contemplated results of any such forward-looking statements will be achieved. Forward-looking statements in this communication speak only as of the day they are made and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the cautionary statements herein. Except as required by applicable law, Neurogene undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statement, or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Industry and Market Data Certain information contained in this Presentation relates to or is based on studies, publications, surveys and Neurogene’s own internal estimates and research. In this Presentation, Neurogene relies on, and refers to, publicly available information and statistics regarding market participants in the sector in which Neurogene competes and other industry data. Any comparison of Neurogene to any other entity assumes the reliability of the information available to Neurogene. Neurogene obtained this information and statistics from third-party sources, including reports by market research firms and company filings. In addition, all of the market data included in this Presentation involve a number of assumptions and limitations, and there can be no guarantee as to the accuracy or reliability of such assumptions. Finally, while Neurogene believes its internal research is reliable, such research has not been verified by any independent source and Neurogene has not independently verified the information. Trademarks This Presentation may contain trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, some of the trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights referred to in this Presentation may be listed without the TM, SM © or ® symbols, but Neurogene will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, the rights of the applicable owners, if any, to these trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights.


 
Neurogene: Developing Life-Changing Genetic Medicines For Rare Neurological Diseases 3EXACT: Expression Attenuation via Construct Tuning Lead program NGN-401 for Rett syndrome demonstrated promising interim clinical data Embolden registrational trial ongoing with first participant dosed in 4Q:25; enrollment expected to complete in 3-6 months Rett syndrome represents an attractive commercial opportunity with substantial unmet need NGN-401 uses EXACT , a proprietary transgene regulation technology to overcome a key limitation in gene therapy Internal manufacturing capabilities provide strategic flexibility Cash runway expected to fund operations through 1Q’28


 
Product Candidate Indication IND* Enabling Phase I/2 Pivotal Near-Term Expected Milestones NGN-401 Rett Syndrome Embolden Registrational Trial Ongoing Additional Interim Phase 1/2 Data in 2026 NGN-101 CLN5 Batten Disease Evaluating Opportunities for Program Neurogene Clinical Stage Pipeline 4 *IND = investigational new drug Transgene Regulation CNS + Ocular Delivery


 
Wholly Owned and Fully Integrated In-House AAV Manufacturing 5 GMP Manufacturing Toxicology Batch Manufacturing Process Development Quality Assurance Quality Control Analytical Development • Flexibility to manufacture AAV product at low cost • Own product quality and development timelines • Process development expertise supports both HEK293 and Sf9/rBV manufacturing platforms • Flexibility to rapidly adapt CMC execution to program needs 42,000 sq ft facility in Houston, with 6,000 sq ft of cleanrooms Current research and clinical-grade manufacturing capabilities are designed for commercial-grade product to avoid potential future comparability challenges


 
NGN-401 for Rett Syndrome Leveraging EXACT transgene regulation technology


 
Rett Syndrome – Devastating Disorder with High Unmet Need 7 Genetics • X-Linked disorder causing mutations in the gene encoding for methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) • Unknown incidence in boys, but typically lethal by ~3 years of age due to no healthy copy of MeCP2 U.S. prevalence estimate based on published incidence rates; Laurvick CL, et al. J Pediatr 2006;148(3):347–35. WW incidence estimate based on published incidence rates; Pini G, et al. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases (2016) 11:132. High Unmet Need • There are no approved treatments that address root cause of disease • Significant unmet need remains for new treatment options Compelling Market Opportunity • U.S. prevalence - ~6,000-9,000 patients • WW incidence - 1:10,000 females


 
Rett Syndrome is a Debilitating, Progressive Neurological Disorder, with No Approved Treatments Addressing Root Cause 8 • Loss of purposeful hand use & involuntary hand movements • Loss of spoken language • Loss of hand function • Gait abnormalities • Ambulation requiring assistance or non-ambulatory • Severe apnea episodes • Hyperventilation • Constipation • Difficulty swallowing • Sleep disturbance • Seizures • Anxiety • Scoliosis • Muscle contractures Inability to Communicate Impaired Fine and Gross Motor Skills Autonomic Dysfunction Additional Disease Manifestations Loss of Function Over Time Early Onset: ~6–18 mos. Developmental Regression: ~1–3 yrs. “Relative Stability:” ~3–10 yrs. Disease Progression: Adolescence to Adulthood Cardinal Clinical Features


 
NGN-401: Potential to be Best-in-Class Gene Therapy for Rett Syndrome 9 ICV = Intracerebroventricular IT-L = intrathecal lumbar EXACT transgene regulation technology designed to deliver consistent and tightly controlled MeCP2 protein expression on a cell-by-cell basis. ICV route of delivery has been shown in preclinical models to have greater targeting of brain and nervous system regions underlying Rett syndrome pathophysiology compared to IT-L. An estimated 30,000 ICV procedures are performed by neurosurgeons annually in the U.S. and require minimal downtime/recovery. NGN-401 uses the full-length human MECP2 gene, which translates a fully functioning MeCP2 protein. MeCP2 ESGCT 2025


 
Embolden Registrational Trial Overview


 
Key Elements of Embolden Registrational Clinical Trial of NGN-401 for Rett Syndrome 11 Design: Single-arm, open- label, baseline-controlled trial evaluating NGN-401 at 1E15 vg dose Sample Size: 20 females with Classic Rett syndrome 13 Clinical Sites Age Range: ≥ 3 years First Participant Dosed in Q4’25; Expect to Complete Enrollment in 3-6 months* Key Secondary Endpoints: • CGI-I score of ≤ 2 • Gain of at least 2 developmental milestones/skills from Embolden list of 28 skills captured through standardized video recordings and rated by independent, blinded central raters Immunosuppression: Corticosteroids for 91 days, followed by taper Primary Endpoint: Responder- based composite endpoint • Responder defined as attaining: - CGI-I of ≤ 3 and - Gain of any one developmental milestone/skill from Embolden list of 28 skills captured through standardized video recordings and rated by independent, blinded central raters • 35% response rate, or 7 of 20 participants, needed for success • Primary analysis at 12 months *Enrollment guidance as of November 2025


 
28 Developmental Milestones/Skills from Rett Syndrome Natural History Study Being Evaluated in Embolden Trial 12*U.S. Natural History Study of Rett Syndrome (RNHS), sponsored by NIH, Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02738281. Accessed from International Rett Syndrome Foundation (IRSF); based on analysis of >400 subjects. Fine Motor/Hand Function • Reached for toy • Taken a drink from a cup held without assistance • Used raking grasp to retrieve an object • Used a pincer grasp (either refined or modified) • Finger fed • Transferred an object from one hand to the other • Used a spoon/fork to eat without assistance • Sat with support when placed • Sat without support when placed • Come to sitting • Pulled to standing • Stood while holding on • Stood independently • Cruised around furniture or holding on to someone • Walked independently • Climbed up stairs with help • Climbed up stairs without help • Climbed down stairs with help • Climbed down stairs without help • Ran 10 feet without falling • Responded to familiar names/words • Followed a command with a gesture • Followed a command without a gesture • Pointed for something they want • Waved bye-bye • Babbled • Used words with meaning • Spoken in phrases (2 words or more with meaning) Skills Chosen Based on Meaningfulness to Caregivers and Rarely Learned/Relearned > 3 Years* Gross Motor/Ambulation Communication


 
Feedback on Meaningfulness of Developmental Milestones/Skills Showed Real-Life Examples of Potential Impact 13 Even a small improvement would definitely be meaningful because even if she could stand with support or bear her own weight, even for 30 seconds or less, that would allow us to be able to pivot her into her wheelchair versus having to lift her. Fine Motor Gains: • Increase communication abilities • Provide level of independence in eating • Social improvements/ participating in mealtimes Gross Motor Gains: • Foster greater physical autonomy • Reduce caregiver physical strain • Enhance safety by lowering fall risks • Enhance feeding safety by holding body upright • Provide dignity and independence Communication Gains: • Decrease suffering if daughter could indicate injuries/pain • Better ensure daughter’s needs and wants are appropriately met without guessing • Eliminate safety concerns around interactions with others/strangers You immediately go to the usual, ‘Is your tummy hurting? Is this? Is that?’ …It’s hard to tell if she’s just uncomfortable or something is happening to her…The frustration on her part is, as you can imagine, it’s just trying to tell someone and nobody’s understanding what she is trying to tell. I have to feed her every spoonful, every bite that she eats. But if we could scatter some food in front of her and she could feed herself, that would be a huge help. It is probably one of the bigger things for her to do to be independent. Quantitative research conducted in November and December 2024 with 30 Rett syndrome caregivers to daughters aged 3-22 years old; follow-up qualitative research conducted in December 2024 and January 2025 with 27 Rett syndrome caregivers (sub-set of quantitative respondents) to daughters aged 3-22 years old Caregiver Feedback


 
NGN-401 Phase 1/2 Trial


 
NGN-401: Setting the Standard for Rett Syndrome Gene Therapy 15Entire presentation includes data cutoff date of October 30, 2025; N=8 for efficacy (ages 4-10 cohort) and N=10 for safety (ages 4-10 and ages > 11 cohorts)  Multidomain improvements  Progressive skill gains over time  Durability of response  Reproducibility across patients  Improvements across full spectrum of disease severity  1E15 vg dose remains generally well-tolerated Best-in-Class Potential First-in-Class Potential  First participant dosed in Embolden trial  12 of 13 clinical trial sites initiated  Enrollment expected to complete in 3-6 months  Single trial design in ages > 3 expected to enable most efficient path to market


 
A Best-in-Class Gene Therapy for Rett Syndrome Requires Durable, Multidomain Gains that Grow Over Time 16As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 NGN-401 Phase 1/2 Pediatric Data Update 8 Participants included Multidomain Improvements 35 Skills Gained Overall Durable, No Skills Lost Results in Local Delivery into the Brain is a Demonstrated Strategy that Drives Efficacy Delivering Fully Functional Protein is the Optimal Strategy to Lead to Efficacy Controlling for Overexpression is Required to Deliver Therapy Safely NGN-401 uses ICV Delivery NGN-401 uses Full-length MECP2 NGN-401 uses EXACT Technology to Limit Expression


 
17 Time Post Dosing Pt:1 24 months Pt:2 18 months Pt:3 18 months Pt:4 15 months Pt:5 12 months Pt:6 6 months Pt:7 6 months Pt:8 6 months Age at Dosing 7 4 6 7 6 4 6 8 Baseline CGI-S Score 4 Moderately Ill 5 Markedly Ill 5 Markedly Ill 5 Markedly Ill 5 Markedly Ill 5 Markedly Ill 4 Moderately Ill 4 Moderately Ill Genetic Variant Severity Mild Severe Severe Severe Severe Moderate Mild- Moderate Mild- Moderate Baseline Characteristics of Phase 1/2 Trial Pediatric Participants Evaluating the Impact of NGN-401 Across Entire Spectrum of Disease Severity


 
As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 Responders in Phase 1/2 Trial Far Exceed Bar of Embolden Primary Endpoint at 12 Months with Increased Skill Gains Over Time Pt:1 Pt:2 Pt:3 Pt:4 Pt:5 5 of 5 with functional gains 4 of 5 with CGI-I of ≤ 3, all durable - 4 of 5 with > 1 skills Gains in Hand Function & Communication Embolden registrational trial primary endpoint: • CGI-I of ≤ 3 • Gain of any 1 developmental milestone/skill at 12 months 12 Months Post NGN-401 Treatment 14 Skills 21 Skills 27 Skills 31 Skills 6 9 12 >12 Participants (N=5) >12 months Post NGN-401 Treatment Significant Skill Gains that Increase Over Time Minimum Threshold for Success is 7 of 20 Participants (35%) 6 months 9 months 12 months >12 months


 
19As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 Participants Dosed in 1H’25 Show Efficacy Prior to 12-month Timepoint Pt:6 Pt:7 Pt:8 Gains in Hand Function, Communication, Gross Motor 3 of 3 with functional gains 3 of 3 with CGI-I of ≤ 3 2 of 3 acquired skills Early efficacy observed at 6 months is consistent with previously dosed participants 6 Months Post NGN-401 Treatment Embolden registrational trial primary endpoint: • CGI-I of ≤ 3 • Gain of any 1 developmental milestone/skill at 12 months Minimum Threshold for Success is 7 of 20 Participants (35%)


 
Pt:7 6 months post-dose Pt:8 6 months post-dose Pt:4 15 months post-dose Pt:3 18 months post-dose Pt:2 18 months post-dose Pt:1 24 months post-dose Hand Function Gross Motor Function Communication 35 Total Skills Gained* 1 Skill 3 Skills 4 Skills 6 Skills 10 Skills 11 Skills Early Multidomain Improvements with Skill Gains Increasing Over Time that Remain Durable # of S ki lls G ai ne d Pe r D om ai n 4 4 4 4331 1 2 3212 1 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 *31 total skills acquired match Embolden developmental milestones/skills list; 35 total skills include previously reported skills from other validated scales * **


 
Pt:1 Gained 11 Developmental Milestones/Skills Across All Core Domains with Durability out to 24 Months 21 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 *Not included in Embolden developmental milestones/skills list; previously reported skill from other validated scale Images are representative of skills Pt:1 Developmental Milestones/Skills Post-NGN-401 Months Post-NGN-401 3 6 9 12 15 18 24 Used a pincer grasp (either refined or modified) Taken a drink from a cup held without assistance Used a spoon/fork to eat without assistance Transferred an object from one hand to the other Heel-to-toe walking* Climbed up stairs without help Climbed down stairs without help Come to sitting New skill acquired since last update Followed a command without gesture Waves bye bye Pointed for something they want Fine Motor Gross Motor Communication Baseline: 7 Yrs Old Walking, ataxic gait, no ability to climb stairs Raking, no ability to hold objects Severe impairment, unable to follow commands, indicate wishes Post Treatment with NGN-401


 
Pt:2 Gained 10 Developmental Milestones/Skills Across All Core Domains with Durability out to 18 Months 22 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 *Not included in Embolden developmental milestones/skills list; previously reported skills from other validated scales Images are representative of skills Pt:2 Developmental Milestones/Skills Post-NGN-401 Months Post-NGN-401 3 6 9 12 15 18 Reached for toy Used raking grasp to retrieve an object Finger fed Taken a drink from a cup held without assistance New skill acquired since last update Pulled to standing Bent down, touched floor, and recovered* Stepped off curb with help* Climbed up stairs with help New skill acquired since last update Followed a command without a gesture Used words with meaning Fine Motor Gross Motor Communication Baseline: 4 Yrs Old Impaired, ataxic, help to stand Severe impairment, unable to use hands Severe impairment, unable to follow commands, non-verbal Post Treatment with NGN-401


 
Fine Motor Gross Motor Pt:3 Gained 6 Developmental Milestones/Skills Across All Core Domains with Durability out to 18 Months 23 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 Images are representative of skills Pt:3 Developmental Milestones/Skills Post-NGN-401 Months Post-NGN-401 3 6 9 12 15 18 Used a pincer grasp (either refined or modified) Finger fed Transferred an object from one hand to the other New skill acquired since last update Sat without support when placed Followed command without gesture New skill acquired since last update Followed command with gesture New skill acquired since last update Baseline: 6 Yrs Old Cannot sit, stand or walk independently Raking grasp Post Treatment with NGN-401 Severe Dysphagia CommunicationCannot follow commands


 
Pt:4 Gained 4 Developmental Milestones/Skills Across 2 Core Domains with Durability out to 15 Months 24 Fine Motor Baseline: 7 Yrs Old Raking grasp, unable to hold objects Pt:4 Developmental Milestones/Skills Post-NGN-401 Months Post-NGN-401 3 6 9 12 15 Used a pincer grasp (either refined or modified) Used a spoon/fork to eat without assistance Taken a drink from a cup held without assistance New skill acquired since last update Followed a command without a gesture New skill acquired since last update Post Treatment with NGN-401 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 Images are representative of skills Communication Unable to follow commands


 
Pt:7 Gained 1 Developmental Milestone/Skill at Early Timepoint 25As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 Images are representative of skills Pt:7 Developmental Milestones/Skills Post-NGN-401 Months Post-NGN-401 3 6 Used a spoon/fork to eat without assistance Baseline: 6 Yrs Old Fine Motor Post Treatment with NGN-401 Could not use utensils


 
Pt:8 Gained 3 Developmental Milestones/Skills Across 2 Core Domains at Early Timepoint 26 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 *Not included in Embolden developmental milestones/skills list; previously reported skill from other validated scale Images are representative of skills Pt:7 Developmental Milestones/Skills Post-NGN-401 Months Post-NGN-401 3 6 Bent down, touched floor, and recovered* Followed a command with a gesture Used words with meaning Baseline: 8 Yrs Old Gross Motor Communication Unable to follow commands, cannot use words with meaning Unable to bend at waist Post Treatment with NGN-401 Hi! How are you? Hey!.. Good!


 
Communication Can communicate needs & wants, and foster greater social connections Says words with meaning Follows daily routines, e.g., getting ready for school Communicates needs and wants; can ID colors Engages with friends and family; shows affection Starting/ improved communication with use of assisted device Autonomic Enhanced comfort and reduced distress Improvements in constipation Drinks clear liquids, eats solids for first time Absent aspiration pneumonia events Sleeps through the night Gross Motor/Ambulation Reduced physical burden for caregivers for activities of daily living Sits without support Walks up and down stairs unassisted Bends at waist and stands back up Bears more weight for ease of transfer Can get on/off furniture, out of bathtub, into car unassisted Fine Motor/Hand Function Less dependence on caregivers for basic needs Uses hands to self-feed, drink, play with toys, self-soothe Decreased to no stereotypies Uses utensils to self-feed 27 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 NGN-401: Delivering What Matters to Families New Functional Abilities and Improvements Post-Treatment with NGN-401 Improvements in Key Domains Lead to: Multidomain improvements Participation in activities of daily living Improvements in health-related quality of life


 
“Sleep improved significantly as she is able to sleep all through the night without any issue.” “Her understanding has improved, especially with me when I ask her to do small tasks, then she will do it immediately almost every time…” “The other day she...ran a couple steps while out…” “She uses both hands to grab her blanket...She holds a banana and takes bites.” “She is paying attention, and even at school with decision- making…she knows what we are asking of her.” “She reacts to…[the] puppy. We have never seen that…nothing going on before, nothing was worth her attention. Now she is enjoying day-to- day.” “She is happier.” “I am grateful [NGN-401] has seemed to benefit [her] health and life…” “She is so happy all the time and calm.” “Before, she was really stuck a lot. Her gait has improved a lot.” “Walking and standing are so much better. Before she would fall all the time and now she doesn’t. She is so much stronger and rarely falls.” “She holds onto things longer…she is eating pieces of fruit using a fork, a new skill.” “She kissed me for the first time ever.” 28As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 Phase 1/2 Caregiver Testimonials Following Treatment with NGN-401 Highlight Improvements Important to Families


 
• All TEAEs related to NGN-401 have been Grade 1 (mild) or Grade 2 (moderate) in severity; the majority are known potential risks of AAV and have resolved or are resolving • Most participants experienced mild liver enzyme elevations • SAEs (Grade 2) related to abnormal nerve conduction findings occurred in Pt:5: - Areflexia and related elective inpatient diagnostic testing - Nerve conduction findings have returned to normal range - Unrelated to NGN-401, Pt:5 also experienced a leg fracture confounding her Month 12 gross motor assessment • No evidence of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in any participant • Seizures have remained well controlled following NGN-401 • No intracerebroventricular (ICV) procedure-related AEs • No signs or symptoms indicative of MeCP2 overexpression 29 NGN-401 Remains Generally Well Tolerated at the1E15 vg Dose Level 1E15 vg Dose Total N=10 N Events TEAEs related to NGN-401 9 59 Serious TEAEs Unrelated to NGN-401 3 4 Serious TEAEs Related to NGN-401 1 2 As of data cutoff date of October 30, 2025 TEAE = Treatment emergent adverse event


 
Key Anticipated Milestone Events


 
Key Upcoming Anticipated Milestones 31 Provide regulatory update in 1H:25 regarding Embolden registrational trial Initiate Embolden registrational trial activities Expand clinical trial footprint, more than doubling presence in U.S. Initiate dosing in Embolden registrational trial Announce additional Phase 1/2 clinical data in 2H:25 Complete Embolden registrational trial enrollment in 3-6 months* Announce additional Phase 1/2 clinical data in 2026 Cash Runway Expected to Fund Operations Through 1Q’28 Rett Syndrome (NGN-401) *As of November 2025


 
Appendix


 
• Rett syndrome caregivers provided perspective on meaningfulness of gains of developmental milestones/skills in the core domains of Rett syndrome: fine motor, gross motor and communication • All skills queried, across all categories, were considered meaningful by majority of respondents • Caregivers indicated that Rett syndrome burden is immense, with 24-hour care needed to support their daughter’s needs • Skill gains or symptom improvement would provide respite not just to the patients, but to their caregiver(s), siblings, and extended family • Any skill gain or symptom improvement that would provide some level of independence/reduce dependence for their daughter would be highly meaningful 33 Quantitative research conducted in November and December 2024 with 30 Rett syndrome caregivers to daughters aged 3-22 years old; follow-up qualitative research conducted in December 2024 and January 2025 with 27 Rett syndrome caregivers (sub-set of quantitative respondents) to daughters aged 3-22 years old Rett Syndrome Caregiver Research Demonstrated Clinical Meaningfulness of Developmental Milestone/Skill Acquisition


 
NGN-401 Demonstrated Efficacy and Safety in Mecp2 Mouse Models 34 Survival in Male Knockout 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 25 50 75 100 Su rv iv al (% ) 9 23 37wks Age (weeks) 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 25 50 75 100 Age (weeks) Su rv iv al (% ) Survival in Female Het NGN-401 1E11 vg NGN-401 3E11 vg MECP2EXACT1 NGN-401 (regulated) MECP2 Unregulated Unregulated 1E11 vg Unregulated 3E11 vg WT + Vehicle Male or female + Vehicle Het=heterozygous for Mecp2, mirroring genetic makeup of human females with Rett syndrome ICV Delivery of NGN-401 Delivered Targeted MeCP2 Levels Complementary Recognition Sites


 
Delivers Consistent Levels of MECP2 Expression on Cell- by-Cell Basis 35 Conventional NGN-MECP2 Achieves Narrow Expression of MECP2* 0 50 100 150 200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Intensity (AU) Nu m be r o f c el ls Unregulated Regulated EXACT GTx Conventional GTx *mouse cortex immunohistochemistry