Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement No. 333-275214 on Form S-3 of Charter Communications, Inc. of our report dated February 28, 2025 (June 18, 2025 as to the effects of the adjustments described in Note 1), relating to the financial statements of Cox Communications, Inc. appearing in the definitive proxy statement filed by Charter Communications Inc. on July 2, 2025.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Atlanta, GA

August 18, 2025

Exhibit 99.1

COX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, Inc.)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

COX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(a) See Note 8 — Transactions with Affiliated Companies and Related Parties for impacts associated with related parties.

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

COX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

COX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Unaudited)

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

COX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, Inc.)

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1.            DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND OTHER ITEMS

Cox Communications, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, "Cox" or "the Company"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, Inc. ("CEI"), is committed to creating meaningful moments of human connection through technology. As the largest private broadband company in the United States, Cox operates fiber-powered networks in more than 30 states, providing connections and advanced managed IT and cloud services for homes and businesses. Cox Mobile, Cox’s mobile phone service, is available across markets nationwide. The commercial division of Cox, Cox Business, provides a broad commercial solutions portfolio, including advanced managed IT and cloud services and fiber-based network solutions that support connected environments, unique hospitality experiences and diverse applications.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Cox have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnote disclosures required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all adjustments, of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the interim periods presented. All intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Cox has included the results of operations of acquired companies from the date of acquisition. These unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes therein as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that might be expected for future interim periods or for the full year ending December 31, 2025.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are evaluated based on available information and experience, as well as other assumptions Cox believes reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation.

Revenue Recognition

Operating Costs and Expenses

Subsequent Events

Cox has evaluated events that occurred subsequent to June 30, 2025 for potential recognition and disclosure. Any applicable subsequent events have been evaluated through August 1, 2025, the date of issuance of the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

2.            DISPOSITION

Pending Disposition of Cox — In May 2025, Charter Communications, Inc. (“Charter”) and Charter Communications Holdings, LLC (“Charter Holdings”) entered into a transaction agreement with CEI. Pursuant to the transaction agreement, at the closing of the transactions, (i) CEI will sell and transfer to Charter 100% of the equity interests of certain subsidiaries of Cox that conduct Cox’s commercial fiber and managed IT and cloud services businesses, (ii) CEI will contribute the equity interests of Cox and certain other assets (other than certain excluded assets) primarily relating to Cox’s residential cable business to Charter Holdings, and (iii) CEI will pay $1.00 to Charter. The combined entity will also assume Cox’s approximately $12.6 billion in outstanding net debt and finance leases.

On July 31, 2025, Charter’s shareholders approved the transaction agreement.

3.            SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

4.            RESTRUCTURING

In 2024, Cox announced a new organizational structure, which allocated needed resources to growth areas of the business. As a result, certain restructuring initiatives were implemented, which include severance costs. Restructuring related charges are recorded to other — net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The following represents the changes in the balances of the restructuring-related liabilities, which are reflected within accrued labor and benefits in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

5.            DEBT

(a) Require semi-annual cash interest payments based on their issuance dates.

(b) Current portion of finance lease obligations totaled $37 million and $27 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(c) Cox leases certain office facilities, cable transmission and distribution facilities and automobiles under finance leases.

Guarantee Agreements

Cox is a party to an amended and restated credit agreement among Cox and CEI, as borrowers, and JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and certain other lenders and agents (the “Credit Facility”). CEI designated Cox as a restricted subsidiary under the Credit Facility. At the same time, Cox provided an unconditional guarantee of CEI’s obligations under the Credit Facility and CEI also provided an unconditional guarantee of Cox's obligations under the Credit Facility, which will be automatically released upon the release of Cox's guarantee of CEI's obligations under the Credit Facility. Cox will also guarantee CEI’s obligations under CEI’s commercial paper program. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, CEI had no outstanding obligations under the Credit Facility and had no outstanding commercial paper subject to Cox’s guarantee.

In addition, Cox and CEI provide unconditional cross-guarantees of the other’s obligations under each company’s respective outstanding notes (except for Cox's 6.53% debentures due 2028, of which no material amounts are outstanding). CEI and Cox may release their obligations under the cross-guarantee simultaneously with the other party’s release or in other customary circumstances. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, CEI had $175 million of outstanding notes subject to Cox's guarantee.

Debt Repayments

In June and February 2025, Cox repaid $150 million of 7.625% notes and $700 million of 3.85% notes, respectively, upon their maturity dates.

6.            COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

At the time of divesting an ownership interest in an entity, Cox sometimes agrees to indemnify the buyer for certain liability risks. Cox believes that any liability to the Company that may arise as a result of such indemnification agreements will not have a material adverse effect on the company taken as a whole.

Legal Proceedings

Sony Music et al. — In July 2018, Sony Music Entertainment Inc., Warner Bros. Records Inc., Universal Music Corp. and several other music publishers and recording companies filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against Cox. The plaintiffs allege that Cox’s practices of handling Digital Millennium Copyright Act notices resulted in willful copyright infringement with respect to thousands of songs. Plaintiffs are seeking monetary damages.

In December 2019, a jury returned a verdict of $1.0 billion against Cox, and a finding of contributory infringement, vicarious infringement and willfulness. Following various post-trial motions, Cox appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. In addition to the merits appeal, Cox filed two Rule 60 motions in the trial court seeking relief from the verdict; those Rule 60 motions were heard and denied by the trial court in March 2022. Cox appealed the Rule 60 rulings to the Fourth Circuit, which held the Rule 60 appeal in abeyance until after the merits appeal. In February 2024, the Fourth Circuit affirmed the jury's finding of willful contributory infringement but reversed the jury's finding of vicarious liability and vacated the $1.0 billion judgment against Cox. Both parties' petitions for a rehearing en banc were denied by the Fourth Circuit. Cox also filed motions in the Fourth Circuit seeking partial appellate costs and an update regarding the Rule 60 appeal. Briefing concluded in the Rule 60 appeal in September 2024. Cox filed an unopposed motion to release the appeal bond, which was granted in May 2024. Cox’s motion for costs on the judgement bond was denied in August 2024. The trial proceeding has been stayed by the Fourth Circuit until the resolution of the Rule 60 appeal. The Fourth Circuit has not yet requested or scheduled oral argument on the Rule 60 appeal. In November 2024, in response to writs of certiorari filed by both parties, the United States Supreme Court called for the view of the United States Solicitor General. In May 2025, the United States Solicitor General submitted its brief amicus curiae recommending that Cox’s writ of certiorari be granted and Sony’s writ of certiorari be denied. In June 2025, the United States Supreme Court granted Cox’s writ of certiorari and denied Sony’s writ of certiorari. The outcome of this matter cannot be predicted at this time.

TQ Delta — In July 2015, TQ Delta filed an action against Cox alleging patent infringement of eight patents related to the Multimedia over Coax Alliance standard, parts of which are alleged to be implemented in Whole Home DVR. The plaintiff voluntarily dropped two patents in response to the court’s requirement that the number of claims be reduced. Inter Partes Reviews ("IPRs") were filed against the remaining six patents. The Patent Trial and Appeal Board invalidated four of the patents during the IPR proceeding, but two patents survived on appeal to the United States Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit. The parties have engaged in expert discovery and are awaiting rulings on claim construction and summary judgment. The outcome of this matter cannot be predicted at this time.

Other Patent Matters — Cox is a defendant or co-defendant in several lawsuits involving alleged infringement of various patents relating to various aspects of its businesses. In the event that a court ultimately determines that Cox infringes on any intellectual property rights, Cox may be subject to substantial damages and/or an injunction that could require Cox or its vendors to modify certain products and services Cox offers to its subscribers, as well as negotiate royalty or license agreements with respect to the patents at issue. While Cox intends to vigorously defend the actions, no assurance can be given that any adverse outcome would not be material to Cox's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Cox cannot predict the outcome of any of these matters nor can it reasonably estimate a range of possible loss at this time.

Other Legal Proceedings — Cox and its subsidiaries are parties to various other legal proceedings that are ordinary and incidental to their businesses.

7.             FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Cox measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis and also measures certain nonfinancial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability as defined in the below fair value hierarchy:

Level 1 — Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

Level 2 — Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require an entity to develop its own assumptions.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Cash Equivalents — Cox's cash equivalents are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and generally consist of money market funds, time deposits and commercial paper. The fair values of Cox's cash equivalents fall within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy and are based on a market approach using quoted prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.

Debt — Cox's notes and debentures as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are based on inputs other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly and are classified within Level 2.

Other Financial Instruments — The carrying amounts of the Cox’s accounts receivable, accounts payable and other current assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities and/or nature of these instruments.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Cox's nonfinancial assets (such as property and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets), equity method investments and nonmarketable equity securities are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis; however, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence that an impairment may exist. Inputs used in these fair value measurements are often unobservable and may require judgment, which could affect the ascribed fair values.

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, Cox estimated the fair value of a debt security as a result of impairment indicators and recorded a $43 million impairment to investments (expense) income. The fair value of the debt security falls within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

8.            TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATED COMPANIES

For all periods presented in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, related party transactions and activities between Cox, CEI and other CEI subsidiaries may not have been consummated on terms equivalent to those that would prevail in an arm’s-length transaction where conditions of competitive, free-market dealing may exist.

Allocated Expenses from CEI

Allocated expenses as shown in the table below are directly calculated or based on CEI's estimate of services provided to Cox in relation to those provided to other CEI subsidiaries. Cox believes that these allocations were made on a reasonable basis. However, the allocations are not necessarily indicative of the level of expenses that might have been incurred had Cox contracted directly with third parties.

Amounts due from CEI

Cox receives day-to-day cash management services from CEI, with settlements of outstanding balances between Cox and CEI occurring periodically. The amounts due from CEI are due on demand and represent the net balance of the intercompany transactions. Amounts due from CEI totaled $3.9 billion and $4.3 billion as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The interest rate is based on CEI's internal borrowing rate, generally determined from CEI's rates under the Credit Facility, which ranged from 4.42% to 4.43% during the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 5.42% to 5.45% during the six months ended June 30, 2024. The associated interest income was $45 million and $47 million for three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was $90 million and $87 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Other Related Party Transactions

There are various other related party activities between Cox and related parties that individually and in the aggregate, are not material to Cox's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In April 2025, CCI contributed $75 million to the James M. Cox Foundation for the benefit of biodiversity initiatives aimed at protecting critical species and their habitats.

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Exhibit 99.2

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024 are intended to reflect the impact of the Cox Transactions on the consolidated financial statements of Charter Communications, Inc. (“Charter”), as if the Cox Transactions had occurred as of June 30, 2025 for the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet and as of January 1, 2024 for the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations. The accompanying unaudited pro forma financial statements present the pro forma financial position and results of operations of Charter based on the historical financial statements and accounting records of Charter and Cox Communications, Inc (“Cox Communications”) and the related pro forma transaction accounting adjustments as described in the accompanying notes. The transaction accounting adjustments are intended to reflect U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) to illustrate the effects of the transactions on Charter’s historical financial statements.

The Transactions

On May 16, 2025, Charter, Charter Communications Holdings, LLC (“Charter Holdings”), and Cox Enterprises, Inc. (“Cox Enterprises”) entered into a Transaction Agreement (the “Transaction Agreement”) pursuant to which (i) Cox Enterprises will sell and transfer to Charter 100% of the equity interests of certain subsidiaries of Cox Communications that conduct Cox Communications’ commercial fiber and managed IT and cloud services businesses (the “Equity Sale”), (ii) Cox Enterprises will contribute the equity interests of Cox Communications and certain other assets (other than certain excluded assets) primarily related to Cox Communications’ residential cable business to Charter Holdings (the “Contribution”), and (iii) Cox Enterprises will pay $1.00 to Charter (collectively, the “Cox Transactions”). Under the Transaction Agreement, Charter and Cox Enterprises may designate one or more wholly owned subsidiaries to take actions with respect to Charter and Cox Enterprises, respectively.

Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, at the closing of the Cox Transactions:

The combined entity will assume Cox Communications’ approximately $12.4 billion in outstanding net debt and finance leases.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited pro forma financial statements are based on (i) the unaudited consolidated financial statements of Charter as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 contained in Charter’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on July 25, 2025, (ii) the unaudited consolidated financial statements of Cox Communications as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 contained in this Current Report on Form 8-K, (iii) the audited consolidated financial statements of Charter as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 contained in Charter’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on January 31, 2025, and (iv) the audited consolidated financial statements of Cox Communications as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 contained in Charter’s definitive proxy statement with respect to the Cox Transactions, filed by Charter on July 2, 2025.

The Cox Transactions will be accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting with Charter as the accounting acquirer. As of the date of this current report, Charter has not completed the detailed valuation studies necessary to arrive at final estimates of the fair market value of the assets to be acquired and the liabilities to be assumed and the related allocations of purchase price, nor has it identified all adjustments necessary to conform Cox Communications to Charter’s accounting policies. As indicated in Note 1 to the unaudited pro forma financial statements, based on information currently available, Charter has made certain adjustments to the historical book values of the assets and liabilities of Cox Communications to reflect preliminary estimates of fair values necessary to prepare the unaudited pro forma financial statements. Actual results may differ from these unaudited pro forma financial statements once the Cox Transactions are completed which includes determining the final purchase price for Cox Communications, completing the valuation studies necessary to finalize the required purchase price allocations, and identifying any additional conforming accounting policy changes for Cox Communications. There can be no assurance that such finalization will not result in material changes.

The unaudited pro forma financial statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are based on available information and assumptions that Charter believes are reasonable and do not purport to represent what the actual consolidated results of operations or the consolidated financial position of Charter would have been had the Cox Transactions occurred on the dates indicated, nor are they necessarily indicative of future consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position. The actual financial position and results of operations will differ, perhaps significantly, from the pro forma amounts reflected herein due to a variety of factors, including access to additional information, changes in value not currently identified and changes in operating results following the date of the pro forma financial statements. The assumptions underlying the pro forma adjustments are described in greater detail in the accompanying notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.

Items Not Adjusted in the Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The unaudited pro forma financial statements do not reflect all reclassifications or adjustments to conform the Cox Communications financial statement presentation or accounting policies to those adopted by Charter. At this time, Charter is not aware of any intercompany transactions that would have a material impact on the unaudited pro forma financial statements that are not reflected in the pro forma adjustments. Further review may identify additional intercompany transactions, reclassifications or differences between the accounting policies of the companies that, when conformed, could have a material impact on the unaudited pro forma financial statements of the combined company.

The unaudited pro forma financial statements do not include any adjustment for liabilities or related costs that may result from integration activities, since management has not completed the process of making these assessments. Significant liabilities and related costs may ultimately be recorded for employee severance or relocation, costs of vacating some facilities and costs associated with other exit and integration activities. The unaudited pro forma statements of operations also do not include any revenue or expense synergies or dis-synergies resulting from the Cox Transactions.

In connection with the Cox Transactions, at the closing, Charter, Cox Enterprises and Advance/Newhouse Partnership (“A/N”) will enter into the amended tax receivables agreement, which will set forth the terms pursuant to which Charter will pay Cox Enterprises and A/N, as applicable, for tax benefits arising from Cox Enterprises’ or A/N’s potential future exchanges of their respective Charter Holdings common units and Charter Holdings convertible preferred units, as applicable, into cash or Charter Class A common stock pursuant to the amended exchange agreement. The amended tax receivables agreement will provide for a payment by Charter of 50% of the tax benefits when realized by Charter from the step-up in tax basis resulting from any such future exchanges. A/N is currently party to the existing tax receivables agreement with Charter, and such agreement will be amended and restated by the amended tax receivables agreement at the closing. Charter has not recorded a pro forma adjustment for the tax receivables agreement with Cox Enterprises as a contingent consideration obligation in the preliminary purchase price allocation as it is impractical to estimate its fair value since the tax benefit is dependent on uncertain future events that are outside Charter’s control. A future exchange is not based on a fixed and determinable date and the exchange is not certain to occur.

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET

AS OF JUNE 30, 2025

(dollars in millions)

See accompanying “Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements”

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS 

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025

(dollars and weighted average shares outstanding in millions, except per share amounts)

See accompanying “Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements”

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024

(dollars and weighted average shares outstanding in millions, except per share amounts)

See accompanying “Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements”

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Cox Transactions Pro Forma Balance Sheet Adjustments

For purposes of the unaudited pro forma financial statements, the preliminary purchase price is assumed to be approximately $20.6 billion based on preliminary fair value estimates for each component of consideration transferred to Cox Enterprises. The Charter Holdings common units which are exchangeable into Charter Class A common stock are fair valued based on a $269.36 closing price of Charter Class A common stock on July 31, 2025, representing the last business day of the most recently completed month. The Charter Holdings convertible preferred units fair value estimate is based on an initial preferred instrument multiple above the $6.0 billion aggregate liquidation preference contemplating a 6.875% preferred cash dividend and estimated fair value of Charter Class A common stock upon conversion. The final purchase price will be different from the preliminary purchase price presented as the fair value of the equity portion of the Cox Transactions consideration will be based on the fair value of Charter Class A common stock at closing.

The table below presents the allocation of the preliminary purchase price to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their respective estimated fair values as if the Cox Transactions had closed on June 30, 2025.

The preliminary estimates are based upon currently available information. As such, additional assets and liabilities may be identified and reflected in the final purchase price allocation.

Upon finalization of the fair value assessment, Charter anticipates the finalized fair values of the net assets acquired will differ from the preliminary assessment outlined above. Generally, changes to the initial estimates of the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed will be recorded as adjustments to those assets and liabilities and residual amounts will be allocated to goodwill. If upon completion of the valuations, the fair values are greater or less than the amounts included in the preliminary purchase price allocation above, such a change would not likely have a material impact on the financial position or results of operations of Charter.

The following summarizes the pro forma balance sheet adjustments relating to the Cox Transactions:

The following table presents pro forma cash sources and uses as a result of the Cox Transactions.

The Charter Holdings common units issued to Cox Enterprises as a portion of the consideration for the Contribution initially are measured at their fair value of $9.0 billion in accordance with acquisition accounting. However, upon new partner entry to Charter Holdings, the carrying amounts of the common units of the controlling interest (Charter) and noncontrolling interests (Cox Enterprises and A/N) are adjusted to reflect their relative effective common ownership interest in Charter Holdings. Relative ownership adjustment results in a decrease to noncontrolling interests of approximately $221 million and a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital of $221 million, net of $55 million of deferred income taxes, for Charter’s increase in book basis in Charter Holdings.

Note 2. Cox Transactions Pro Forma Statement of Operations Adjustments

The following summarizes the pro forma statement of operations adjustments relating to the Cox Transactions.

The increase was estimated using a preliminary average remaining useful life of 8 years for property, plant and equipment and 11 years for customer relationships. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated using a straight-line depreciation method. Customer relationships are amortized using an accelerated method (sum of the years’ digits) to reflect the period over which the relationships are expected to generate cash flows. Following the acquisition, Cox Communications’ pro forma customer relationships of $3.5 billion would result in amortization expense under the accelerated method of $583 million for year 1, $530 million for year 2, $477 million for year 3, $424 million for year 4, $371 million for year 5 and $1.1 billion thereafter. The effect of a one-year decrease in the weighted average useful lives of property, plant and equipment and customer relationships would be an increase to depreciation and amortization expense of approximately $146 million and $303 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and year ended December 31, 2024, respectively, while the effect of a one-year increase would result in a decrease of approximately $116 million and $239 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and year ended December 31, 2024, respectively. The pro forma adjustments are based on current estimates and may not reflect actual depreciation and amortization once the purchase price allocation is finalized and final determination of remaining useful lives are made.